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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you Should Know friend House Stuff Works

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Speaker 1: dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark,

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Speaker 1: There's Charles W Chuck Bryant, and uh, this is stuff

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Speaker 1: you should know the podcast. That's right, treating sir. Two

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Speaker 1: part podcast. Yeah, today release day, not the day we're recording.

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Speaker 1: We're not that good. But today's December one, it is

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Speaker 1: World Aids Day. And we were going to record this

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Speaker 1: a while ago, and then I noticed it was World

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Speaker 1: Aids Day coming up. I was like, well, why don't

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Speaker 1: we wait and record it later and release it then?

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Speaker 1: And then there was so much stuff right that it

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Speaker 1: became clear it was a two parter. And I still

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Speaker 1: don't think we're gonna even well, we'll scratch the surface.

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Speaker 1: That's selling it short. But you can have an entire

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Speaker 1: podcast series about HIV and AIDS, for sure. There's so

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Speaker 1: much information there, really is. It's like daunting, it is,

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Speaker 1: but it's all luckily because it's such a huge, massive topic. Yeah, um,

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Speaker 1: an important topic. There's a lot of information out there,

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Speaker 1: so usually we do pretty well with those that'll be daunted,

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Speaker 1: is what I'm trying to say. Well, I'm just nervous,

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Speaker 1: you know, I don't want to mess this one up.

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Speaker 1: We will mess something up here there, I guarantee it.

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Speaker 1: But yeah, how about this, then we pledge. We often

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Speaker 1: read corrections, but we super pledge to correct anything on

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Speaker 1: this because we're bound to mess something up. It's just

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Speaker 1: a lot of a lot of stuff. You want to

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Speaker 1: start from the beginning. Dump be nervous. That's fine. Everybody

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Speaker 1: tell Chuck, it'll be fine. It'll be fine, Chuck. So

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Speaker 1: it's a collective sound of our audience, like high pitched

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Speaker 1: audience voice. Um so chuck. When you think of HIV

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Speaker 1: AIDS UM, you typically tend to like go back to

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Speaker 1: the late seventies early eighties when like the real panic

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Speaker 1: first started. UM. But it later research and that's about

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Speaker 1: the time it arrived in the United States. But later

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Speaker 1: research found that UM HIV, the first case of it

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Speaker 1: came in ninety nine actually, and that they think that um,

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Speaker 1: it goes back even earlier than that. But this is

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Speaker 1: the first documented case. They had blood work of this

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Speaker 1: guy who died mysteriously in conshasa and congo. Right, um

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Speaker 1: and uh, he had the first documented case of HIV.

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Speaker 1: That's right, HIV one. Uh. There are two hivs, HIV one,

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Speaker 1: and HIV two. The one that has been responsible for

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Speaker 1: the global pandemic is HIV one. And there's been a

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Speaker 1: lot of debate over the years about where it actually

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Speaker 1: came from. Uh. Most people agreed that it was primates

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Speaker 1: in Africa, right, that it started as s I V. Yes, Uh, simeon,

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Speaker 1: I mean no deficiency virus. HIV. We should say is

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Speaker 1: human immunodeficiency virus. Yes, and AIDS is acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

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Speaker 1: They're not separate things. It's actually been very much confused

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Speaker 1: in the media. We're gonna set the record straight. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and uh at the end, boy, how about this for

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Speaker 1: a tease. At the end of the second episode, there's

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Speaker 1: a big musical number no three days from now. There

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Speaker 1: is an argument that we should not even call it

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Speaker 1: AIDS any longer. So how's that first set up? People

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Speaker 1: are gonna be waiting where they could just google it

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Speaker 1: fast forward. Well, but they can't fast forward in time,

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Speaker 1: my friend. No, but find the time these come out,

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Speaker 1: they'll have been done and they can fast forward. Yes,

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Speaker 1: that's true. So what scientists believe, this is the most

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Speaker 1: current agreed upon theory, is that a type of chimpanzee

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Speaker 1: and West Africa is the source of HIV one uh,

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Speaker 1: which was transmitted to humans. They don't know for sure

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Speaker 1: how because probably are probably be bushed me, undercooked, pushed

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Speaker 1: me exactly, you know, wanting to eat chimpanzee and there's blood,

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Speaker 1: and all of a sudden it spreads to humans, and

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Speaker 1: you tube, chimpanzees fight back, they do, That's what I've heard. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: But yeah, if you ingest blood that was infected with

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Speaker 1: s i V and then the SIV virus um evolved

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Speaker 1: into HIV and humans, that's the likeliest version of what

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Speaker 1: happened somewhere in West Africa, probably the thirties or forties. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and they I saw one article that said that they

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Speaker 1: think that it could have originally started in primates even

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Speaker 1: in the nineteen twenties, which is just crazy to think about,

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Speaker 1: like the Roaring twenties, somewhere in the depths of Africa

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Speaker 1: s i V was brewing, you know, because it seems

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Speaker 1: like such a modern thing for sure. Uh. And then uh,

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Speaker 1: in the late seventies and early eighties is when um,

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Speaker 1: these normally healthy people in Los Angeles and New York

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Speaker 1: started getting sick. Didn't make any sense. Uh. They first

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Speaker 1: started using the term um AIDS right, and before that

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Speaker 1: they had a really clumsy name for it, um O

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Speaker 1: for HIV. Yeah. Are you ready? Yea, So just the

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Speaker 1: abbreviation is clumsy ht l V three slash l a V.

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Speaker 1: That's just the abbreviation. The full name of what was

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Speaker 1: originally the term for um was it is it aids

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Speaker 1: V for HIV human T cell lymphotropic virus type three

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Speaker 1: slash lymphidano pathy associated virus. Yeah. And I think they

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Speaker 1: all looked around the room whoever proposed that, and said, guys,

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Speaker 1: if we want to ever get this in the news,

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Speaker 1: let's just sweeten that and shorten it to HIV. You

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Speaker 1: the person who proposed it, you have to go buy

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Speaker 1: everyone quiz Nos for lunch. Uh. And actually we should say,

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Speaker 1: chuck that this this definitely just kind of we're giving

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Speaker 1: the farrest overview of this. But um there's a really

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Speaker 1: really interesting movie based on what I understand is an

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Speaker 1: equally interesting book called and the band played On. My

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Speaker 1: brother worked on that movie. That was a great, great movie.

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Speaker 1: I watched it again in the last few months and

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Speaker 1: it's just as good as ever. Yeah, that's where he

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Speaker 1: got to work with Ellen Aldnei, Tomlin and like some

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Speaker 1: real legends. So yeah, there's a lot of people in it.

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Speaker 1: Phil Collins does a great job. Yeah, he plays a

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Speaker 1: bath house owner who's reluctant to close down. Interesting. Um,

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Speaker 1: but it's it basically chronicles the early investigation into what

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Speaker 1: the heck was going on. What was suddenly killing gay

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Speaker 1: men in San Francisco and Los Angeles and New York.

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Speaker 1: And it seemed like it was just targeting gay men

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Speaker 1: so much so that early on, like the the non

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Speaker 1: clinical term for this was gay cancer is what people

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Speaker 1: called it. And all of a sudden, doctors were reporting

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Speaker 1: that otherwise healthy men were suddenly getting really really rare cancers,

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Speaker 1: rare types of ammonia, stuff that people who have like

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Speaker 1: zero immune systems die from. All of a sudden, they

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Speaker 1: were just turning up with this stuff, and um, it

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Speaker 1: was very curious and very scary, especially in the gay community.

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Speaker 1: And then um, it wasn't until what was eighty three

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Speaker 1: three where they identified the virus and there was a

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Speaker 1: there were competing teams, this French team who most likely

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Speaker 1: did discover the HIV virus on their own, and Alan Alda,

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Speaker 1: the American team who may or may not have ripped

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Speaker 1: off their findings and unfairly taken credit for it. But

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Speaker 1: and I've never seen that movie. Fascinating. It's fascinating, it's moving,

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Speaker 1: it's got it all. It's really good. It's good. It's

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Speaker 1: like um uh, epidemiological detective stories threaded throughout a lot

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Speaker 1: of cultural history. It's really really worth watching. Well in uh.

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Speaker 1: In episode two, we're also going to get to that

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Speaker 1: book in the so called patient zero um, which will

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Speaker 1: be coming up on Thursday. Another tease. Alright, so um,

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Speaker 1: and we should point out to the reason these men

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Speaker 1: were dying of cancers and pneumonia and things like that

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Speaker 1: is because and most people know this by now. A

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Speaker 1: lot of this we think is just common knowledge, but

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Speaker 1: you never know. You're you don't die of AIDS. You

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Speaker 1: die of complications from AIDS, infections, other sicknesses and diseases

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Speaker 1: because you can't mount any kind of immune response. Okay,

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Speaker 1: I think that was a good move. Yeah, well, smooth move, excellence.

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Speaker 1: You never know, Like some of this stuff, I'm like, dude,

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Speaker 1: really have to say this stuff, but you do well.

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Speaker 1: The weird thing is you do, especially in is compared

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Speaker 1: to say, like because Um, there's become this idea that

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Speaker 1: AIDS has been as being largely conquered, it doesn't have

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Speaker 1: to be worried about as much and not true. I

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Speaker 1: think the education on HIV and AIDS is not nearly

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Speaker 1: as widespread as it once was. Like when we were

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Speaker 1: like teenagers, you know, like everybody knew everything about AIDS

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Speaker 1: basically at least had a working knowledge of what AIDS was,

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Speaker 1: how you got it, how widespread it was. And UM,

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Speaker 1: it seems like today it's that that kind of public information.

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Speaker 1: Is it nearly is widespread? Yeah, I think that's one

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Speaker 1: of the issues now, is that, Um, a large segment

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Speaker 1: of the public is like, yeah, they have the AIDS cocktail.

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Speaker 1: Look at Magic Johnson. It's all great, sure, And um

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Speaker 1: it is great when we're gonna talk about why he's

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Speaker 1: still with us, but it's it's still a very big problem. Um.

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Speaker 1: Here's a here's a stat for you. Uh. And these

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Speaker 1: are the most recent stats I could find. Seventy eight

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Speaker 1: million HIV infected people worldwide to date, thirty nine million

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Speaker 1: people dead. Um. Compared to World War Two, which killed

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Speaker 1: forty million people. That helps put it into perspective a

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Speaker 1: little bit. Uh. And sub Saharan South Africa, which is

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Speaker 1: where AIDS is an HIV or most threatening. Um, this

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Speaker 1: is a scary status, dude. One and twenty people have

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Speaker 1: HIV what in sub Saharan South Africa and the account

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Speaker 1: for seventy of all cases worldwide of HIV man a lie,

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Speaker 1: I know. It's it's a very dire situation over there,

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Speaker 1: to say the least. Uh, Well, that's that's that's especially

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Speaker 1: chilling because if you look at the statistics in the

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Speaker 1: United States, like it's it's slowing and it's it's definitely

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Speaker 1: if you look at the statistics, it seems like it's

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Speaker 1: being figured out. Well, yeah, it depends on what demographic

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Speaker 1: though it's rising in some demos, right, Yeah, for sure.

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Speaker 1: If you take the United States as a whole, the

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Speaker 1: picture seems okay. But yeah, if you start to break

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Speaker 1: it down into specific subgroups, then some are definitely doing

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Speaker 1: better than others. As far as new infections, death from infections,

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Speaker 1: that kind of stuff come absolutely. Uh So, HIV is

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Speaker 1: a scary disease and it was super scary before we

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Speaker 1: knew much about it because, um, it's still technically incurable.

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Speaker 1: Although we're going to get to that. There are some

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Speaker 1: rare cases where it's what do they call it, functionally cured? Yes, Um,

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Speaker 1: it does seem like there's at least one person who

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Speaker 1: is widely considered to be fully cured, and he is

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Speaker 1: a proof of concept that you can cure AIDS, and

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Speaker 1: that's coming in part two. What are we going to

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Speaker 1: do in part one? We're just yeah, like we're just talking. Basically,

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Speaker 1: this is all one big setup for part two. Apparently, No,

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Speaker 1: it's not. So. One reason AIDS and so deadly is uh,

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Speaker 1: it's sort of a conundrum because AIDS you can't catch

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Speaker 1: it through the air. It's not airborne. You can't catch

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Speaker 1: it from a kitchen counter. You can only catch it

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Speaker 1: through very specific ways intimate contact, intimate context. You would think, hey,

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Speaker 1: it's not gonna be that widespread because intimate contact is

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Speaker 1: something you can avoid and so it should be a

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Speaker 1: pretty slow spreading disease, right, and not all intimate contact

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Speaker 1: includes like whips and chains and stuff like that. Intimate

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Speaker 1: contact is basically any situation where um, you know sure, Uh.

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Speaker 1: Intimate contact is basically any situation where blood is transferred

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Speaker 1: or semen is transferred. Um, So it doesn't necessarily just

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Speaker 1: mean intercourse of any sort. It can also mean sharing needles,

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Speaker 1: and it definitely does mean sharing needles too. That's a

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Speaker 1: very high risk UM subgroup for sure. But the reason,

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Speaker 1: and here's the key, that AIDS has spread an HIV

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Speaker 1: um so widely and quickly is because it can You

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Speaker 1: can have HIV for more than ten years without knowing it.

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Speaker 1: And if you are a promiscuous individual. I did a

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Speaker 1: little math. Let's say you have let's say you're considered

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Speaker 1: highly promiscuous. What what what do you rate that as

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Speaker 1: hundred partners a year, which apparently also so. I want

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Speaker 1: to say this to UM, but AIDS being associated with

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Speaker 1: gay people, gay man especially UM is it hit at

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Speaker 1: precisely the worst possible time in the history of homosexuality

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Speaker 1: in the world because it came right after, right after Stonewall,

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Speaker 1: when men were just starting to be like, it's all

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Speaker 1: about gay pride and we are love and life and

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Speaker 1: having more sex than we've ever had ever as a community,

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Speaker 1: and having a hundred or a couple hundred sexual partners

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Speaker 1: in the late seventies among gay men was pretty standard. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I don't know it definitely. I don't think it made

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Speaker 1: you an outlier, you know, continue so and a caveat

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Speaker 1: all this with I'm assuming, Well, let me just get

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Speaker 1: into it. Let's say a hundred partners in a year.

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Speaker 1: Let's say of those partners are promiscuous. Man, this is so,

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Speaker 1: then they have a mathematic. Then they have a hundred partners.

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Speaker 1: So that's people. And and this is not people who

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Speaker 1: are infected. This is assuming. Let's say that there's a

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Speaker 1: smaller percentage that don't use condoms. And even if you

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Speaker 1: don't use a condom, it's not like every time you

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Speaker 1: have sex you're going to transmit aids um. But this

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Speaker 1: is a possibility, is what I'm saying. Let's say that

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Speaker 1: group are promiscuous. You end up from that one single

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Speaker 1: person people who could possibly potentially be exposed if nobody

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Speaker 1: wore condoms at all. And of course that number goes

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Speaker 1: way down because people are smarter now and use condoms.

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Speaker 1: But in the late seventies, I mean that number could

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Speaker 1: be accurate, you know, oh yeah easily. So I mean,

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Speaker 1: what are you gonna wear a condom back then? For

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Speaker 1: nobody's getting pregnant, you know, yeah, I mean there was

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Speaker 1: no reason to. Uh, so you can see how can

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Speaker 1: spread so quickly, and that is also the reason why

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Speaker 1: it stays latent, or the reason the fact that it

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Speaker 1: stays latent for so long, that's the single reason why

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Speaker 1: you need to get tested. Yeah, regularly, gay, straight, black, brown,

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Speaker 1: candy striped. It doesn't matter, get tested because you may

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Speaker 1: have it and not know it. And HIV eighth is

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Speaker 1: an outlier as far as diseases go, in that there's

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Speaker 1: no there's no vaccine against it, um, there is no

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Speaker 1: way to easily treat it. It spreads quickly, and because

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Speaker 1: it has what's called late onset symptoms, like you said,

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Speaker 1: people go ten years after being infected before they realize

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Speaker 1: they're sick, especially if they're not getting tested in the meantime.

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Speaker 1: And so it just keeps spreading and spreading and spreading

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Speaker 1: among people who think they're healthy but who actually have

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Speaker 1: the virus. Yeah, and if you're promiscuous, it's not like

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Speaker 1: you can name the partners you've had over the last

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Speaker 1: decade to tell them maybe you want to get tested,

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Speaker 1: you know. And then even more than that, and again, well,

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Speaker 1: so with the gay community, it's such an at risk

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Speaker 1: UM subgroup. We'll explain why in a second, but one

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Speaker 1: of the reasons why it spreads quickly in the gay

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Speaker 1: community because it's a relatively small community. So that means

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Speaker 1: that the pool you have to draw from for sexual partners,

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Speaker 1: statistically speaking, you're at higher risk. Yeah, because it's smaller,

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Speaker 1: because it is a smaller community. But even beyond that,

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Speaker 1: biologically speaking, they're at higher risk as well. Gay men are. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: well we should just go ahead talk about that. The

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Speaker 1: main reason is it's easier to get HIV from anal

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Speaker 1: sex and that is men and women because um, the well,

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Speaker 1: there's a few reasons for that. One, the lining of

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Speaker 1: the rectum is very fragile, it tears very easily. UM,

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Speaker 1: and intercourse lots of blood vessels, lots of blood vessels. Um.

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Speaker 1: The cells that line the rectum are more susceptible to

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Speaker 1: HIV than cells of the vagina. Right and then uh

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Speaker 1: semen and rectal mucosa, which is the lining of the rectum,

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Speaker 1: carry more HIV than vaginal fluid. So boom, right there,

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Speaker 1: you're I think eighteen percent eighteen eighteen times more risky

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Speaker 1: with anal intercourse than just regular vaginal inter course. Right,

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Speaker 1: and saying that right, you are, yes, and um, gay

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Speaker 1: men and straight women are equal risk of AIDS through

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Speaker 1: um through unprotected sex anally, because it doesn't it doesn't

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Speaker 1: matter that you're a man or not. No, a man's

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Speaker 1: rectum is the same as a woman's right exactly as

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Speaker 1: far as I know. I'm pretty sure you're right about that. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I mean it says in here, uh the risk. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's exactly right. Another reason is a role versatility is

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Speaker 1: what they call it. Whether or not you're a top

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Speaker 1: or a bottom, you can get it either way by

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Speaker 1: giving anal sex or receiving anal sex. So you're kind

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Speaker 1: of in a lose lose situation precisely. Uh. So that

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Speaker 1: and I never knew that until I've studied this, that switching,

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Speaker 1: like why why do gay men get a HIV more

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Speaker 1: than uh, straight people if it's passed through intercourse? And

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Speaker 1: now it all makes sense, all right? Going back to

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Speaker 1: why AIDS is so scary and HIV, I feel like

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Speaker 1: we're interchanging those and we shouldn't be. No, let's let's

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Speaker 1: lay this out right here right now, you're ready, because

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Speaker 1: I didn't realize this fully until we started researching this episode.

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Speaker 1: So HIV is a it's called the progressive disease in

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Speaker 1: that it goes through stages. So technically UM and HIV

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Speaker 1: infection has zero stage zero to stage three UH and

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Speaker 1: all of this is based on the number of T

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Speaker 1: helper cells you have in a milli leader of blood.

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Speaker 1: Normal healthy person has about a million T helper cells

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Speaker 1: called CD plus four cells in one milli leader of

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Speaker 1: their blood. As you um, as the the HIV infection progresses,

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Speaker 1: it diminishes the number of these helper cells. And as

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Speaker 1: it goes down you go to certain stages, so like

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Speaker 1: stage three HIV is um I think five hundred thousand

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Speaker 1: per milli leader or blood or less. And then once

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Speaker 1: you reach two hundred thousand uh c D plus four

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Speaker 1: cells in your blood UH, you have AIDS. So AIDS

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Speaker 1: is not a separate disease. It's not a it's not

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Speaker 1: a new condition that that arises out of HIV. It's

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Speaker 1: all it's just part of a classification system. Yeah, it's

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Speaker 1: basically ND stage HIV. It's stage four HIV, and it's

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Speaker 1: really bizarre that they have a whole different name for

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Speaker 1: it if you think about it. But a this is

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Speaker 1: just basically the end category of HIV. And it used

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Speaker 1: to be that was a death sentence. Once you had AIDS,

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Speaker 1: you were basically dead. And in the eighties and nineties,

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Speaker 1: especially before I think the AIDS cocktail, which we'll talk

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Speaker 1: about came out, it was, um, you basically were diagnosed

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Speaker 1: and you were dead in twelve to eighteen months. That

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Speaker 1: was that. Now it can keep going you, I mean,

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Speaker 1: people just live for decades now with AIDS. But once

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Speaker 1: you have AIDS, once you have that designation, UM, you

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Speaker 1: have that for the rest of your life, unless you're cured,

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Speaker 1: which has only happened a handful of times. Yeah, and

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Speaker 1: there's a guy named Todd Heywood that wrote this great

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Speaker 1: article uh saying it's time to retire the medical category

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Speaker 1: of AIDS, and he makes a lot of good reasons

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Speaker 1: why we should just call it HIV disease like you

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Speaker 1: would say heart disease. Right, So we're not gonna say

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Speaker 1: HIV disease in this show. We're not that big as friends. Well,

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Speaker 1: I just wanna go with traditional terms because some people learn.

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Speaker 1: But I think there is a good case to be

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Speaker 1: made for that is what I'm saying. I mean, this

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Speaker 1: is also another UM. Another mark in that guy's in

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Speaker 1: favor of that argument is that AIDS was named in

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Speaker 1: and we've learned so much about this disease since then,

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Speaker 1: and one of the things we've learned is this is

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Speaker 1: a progressive disease that goes through stages. AIDS is just

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Speaker 1: the end stage of it. Why have a different name

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Speaker 1: for it? And there's no, it's not the same in

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Speaker 1: any two people. Uh, And HIV disease is just more

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Speaker 1: all encompassing. I think, yeah, so we're not going to

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Speaker 1: use it, are we. That's gonna be tough. What to

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Speaker 1: not say HIV disease? Oh, AIDS, I thought you were

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Speaker 1: saying yeah. Uh. And the final reason, boy, this took

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Speaker 1: like twenty minutes to get back to us. Wait what

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Speaker 1: are we talking about? The final reason that HIV is

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Speaker 1: uh super scary is because of its very unique way

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Speaker 1: it manifests itself, which is um it invades and destroys

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Speaker 1: the immune system. The very system that is supposed to

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Speaker 1: protect you from disease is ruined. It's yeah, it's HIV

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Speaker 1: is a virus, so it behaves like a virus. But

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Speaker 1: other viruses attacks, say like you're fat cell that you

358
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Speaker 1: could care less about, So who cares? AIDS or HIV

359
00:22:21,240 --> 00:22:25,400
Speaker 1: attacks your immune system directly. The cells, a specific type

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Speaker 1: of cell of your immune system and that's what eventually

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Speaker 1: leads to your death or used to definitely lead to

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Speaker 1: your death. You know, I'm back in my day, all right.

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Speaker 1: I think we should take a break and we will

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Speaker 1: talk a little bit about how it is and is

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Speaker 1: not transmitted right after this, all right, Josh, it's uh,

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Speaker 1: George Orwell is in charge. I'm in elementary school, and

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Speaker 1: AIDS is a scary thing, and you can get it

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Speaker 1: from toilet seats and mosquitoes and kissing and shaking hands.

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Speaker 1: Shaking hands, Yeah, being too near to somebody. It was

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Speaker 1: very scary as far as times go to be a kid.

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Speaker 1: None of that stuff is true. Think about it, man.

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Speaker 1: We were raised during that horrible little ven diagram where

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Speaker 1: the Cold War and the AID scare overlapped. Like we

374
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Speaker 1: just basically didn't want to leave our houses. We missed

375
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Speaker 1: out on the days where free secs and and drugs

376
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Speaker 1: was like, didn't hurt anybody, and just sprinkle in a

377
00:23:38,640 --> 00:23:41,560
Speaker 1: little stranger danger in there too, why not? Yeah, a

378
00:23:41,600 --> 00:23:44,760
Speaker 1: little satanic panics sure. And the eighties what a crazy

379
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Speaker 1: time now that you know we've got a little distance

380
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Speaker 1: from it. Parachute pants is that all about culture? Club

381
00:23:51,000 --> 00:23:53,439
Speaker 1: was actually great? That's the only good thing about the eighties.

382
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Speaker 1: UM the ways that you can get HIV sexual contact,

383
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Speaker 1: sharing needles interview in his needles, breastfeeding, mother to baby,

384
00:24:04,240 --> 00:24:08,520
Speaker 1: UM infected mother to fetus during pregnancy, at birth, and

385
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Speaker 1: blood transfusions, which used to happen a lot and doesn't

386
00:24:13,320 --> 00:24:16,080
Speaker 1: happen that much anymore. No, and there was It's another

387
00:24:16,119 --> 00:24:17,720
Speaker 1: thing for me in the band played on, was this

388
00:24:17,960 --> 00:24:22,400
Speaker 1: big to do about whether or not UM Blood Donation

389
00:24:22,440 --> 00:24:25,439
Speaker 1: Center say like the Red Cross should have to test

390
00:24:25,600 --> 00:24:28,320
Speaker 1: blood for this new disease. They were like, do you

391
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Speaker 1: know how much this is gonna cost. It's gonna completely

392
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Speaker 1: dent the blood supply. People are gonna die because we

393
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Speaker 1: have to do this. But then as it became very

394
00:24:35,240 --> 00:24:40,080
Speaker 1: obvious that you this stuff spread really easily through blood transfusions,

395
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Speaker 1: they definitely started to check it. They came up with

396
00:24:42,400 --> 00:24:48,840
Speaker 1: a I think a fairly cheap test for it in UM. Yeah,

397
00:24:48,920 --> 00:24:52,080
Speaker 1: the FDA approved something in to test it. But I

398
00:24:52,119 --> 00:24:56,880
Speaker 1: mean without these tests suck. You have a nine thousand,

399
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Speaker 1: two hundred and fifty chants out of ten thousand of

400
00:25:02,600 --> 00:25:08,400
Speaker 1: of acquiring HIV from a blood transfusion. That's yeah, man, Yeah,

401
00:25:08,480 --> 00:25:11,719
Speaker 1: that those are pretty high chances because think about it,

402
00:25:11,800 --> 00:25:16,639
Speaker 1: and for unprotected anal sex, if you are receiving, you

403
00:25:16,680 --> 00:25:20,719
Speaker 1: have a hundred and thirty eight out of ten thousand chance. Okay,

404
00:25:20,840 --> 00:25:22,840
Speaker 1: this is nine thousand, two hundred and fifty out of

405
00:25:22,880 --> 00:25:25,399
Speaker 1: ten thousand chants from a blood transfusion. I tried to

406
00:25:25,440 --> 00:25:27,520
Speaker 1: find those stats. Actually I couldn't find that one. Oh

407
00:25:27,560 --> 00:25:29,880
Speaker 1: I got some more for you, buddy, if you want them. Well,

408
00:25:29,920 --> 00:25:31,840
Speaker 1: I was trying to find when I was doing my

409
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Speaker 1: my stupid mathematical equation earlier, I was trying to find

410
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Speaker 1: out the possibility or percentage rate of having unprotected anal sex,

411
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Speaker 1: Like what are your chances of getting if you're if

412
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Speaker 1: you're giving, you have an eleven out of ten thousand chance,

413
00:25:49,960 --> 00:25:54,479
Speaker 1: so one point one out of every thousand encounters. So

414
00:25:54,560 --> 00:25:57,399
Speaker 1: even if my yeah, that's sixty two, number goes way

415
00:25:57,480 --> 00:26:00,639
Speaker 1: way down, thankfully, but I think it's still you know

416
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Speaker 1: this is this is based on and I should say

417
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Speaker 1: this is based on the distribution of HIV infected people

418
00:26:07,920 --> 00:26:10,520
Speaker 1: across the United States as of like I think two

419
00:26:10,560 --> 00:26:16,080
Speaker 1: thousand ten, so, um, I mean, it's all statistics, man,

420
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Speaker 1: It depends on where you are, who you're hanging out

421
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Speaker 1: with UM. I mean, if you're like sharing needles with

422
00:26:21,760 --> 00:26:25,440
Speaker 1: with like UM addicts in the street, your risk is

423
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Speaker 1: probably going to be a little higher than the national

424
00:26:28,119 --> 00:26:30,360
Speaker 1: average across the United States, you know what I mean.

425
00:26:30,840 --> 00:26:33,320
Speaker 1: So it definitely is contextual. It's almost to the point

426
00:26:33,320 --> 00:26:36,720
Speaker 1: where it's like these these stats are meaningless, really, but

427
00:26:36,800 --> 00:26:39,600
Speaker 1: they do put a I think stats help people put

428
00:26:39,640 --> 00:26:42,600
Speaker 1: like a face to things. For sure. The blood transfusion

429
00:26:42,600 --> 00:26:45,919
Speaker 1: one is a tad eye open for real um. And

430
00:26:45,960 --> 00:26:48,520
Speaker 1: then finally we need to mention And the only reason

431
00:26:48,560 --> 00:26:52,800
Speaker 1: we mentioned this is because technically it is possible. There

432
00:26:52,800 --> 00:26:57,720
Speaker 1: has been one case of HIV infection through open mouth kissing. Yes,

433
00:26:57,800 --> 00:27:01,480
Speaker 1: but I hesitate to even say that because people like

434
00:27:01,600 --> 00:27:03,840
Speaker 1: Josh and Chokes said, you get through kissing, So you're

435
00:27:03,960 --> 00:27:08,200
Speaker 1: there has to be bloody gums of an HIV infected

436
00:27:08,240 --> 00:27:11,560
Speaker 1: person present. I think both people have to have bleeding

437
00:27:11,600 --> 00:27:14,879
Speaker 1: gums and one of the people has to have HIV

438
00:27:15,320 --> 00:27:19,359
Speaker 1: and they just make out and the the HIV is

439
00:27:19,400 --> 00:27:23,320
Speaker 1: transferred that way. That clearly doesn't happen much. Apparently it

440
00:27:23,359 --> 00:27:26,480
Speaker 1: happened at least once, which is pretty crazy. But yes,

441
00:27:26,560 --> 00:27:31,399
Speaker 1: you're you're very it's extraordinarily unlikely that you're going to

442
00:27:31,440 --> 00:27:36,040
Speaker 1: contract HIV through open mouth kissing. It does not transmit um. Well,

443
00:27:36,080 --> 00:27:38,720
Speaker 1: here's the good news. This sounds like it's all bad news.

444
00:27:38,760 --> 00:27:42,000
Speaker 1: The good news is it is not airborne, does not

445
00:27:42,680 --> 00:27:46,560
Speaker 1: transfer through the surface contact. It's very fragile outside the body,

446
00:27:46,680 --> 00:27:50,439
Speaker 1: super fragile, which is awesome. Like once saliva or blood

447
00:27:50,520 --> 00:27:56,200
Speaker 1: dries up, there's practically zero chance of transmission. Um and yeah,

448
00:27:56,200 --> 00:27:58,160
Speaker 1: it just it doesn't live very long outside the body,

449
00:27:58,200 --> 00:28:00,760
Speaker 1: which it sounds bad, but it could be a lot worse.

450
00:28:01,280 --> 00:28:07,320
Speaker 1: Oh yeah, you know, super hard through um breathing. Yeah,

451
00:28:07,480 --> 00:28:10,960
Speaker 1: through the air, it would be bad. Uh. It is

452
00:28:11,000 --> 00:28:14,800
Speaker 1: not transmitted through saliva, tears, or sweat. Uh. And saliva

453
00:28:14,840 --> 00:28:18,199
Speaker 1: and tears have trace amounts of HIV. They have not

454
00:28:18,280 --> 00:28:21,960
Speaker 1: detected HIV and sweat at all, which is good news

455
00:28:22,000 --> 00:28:24,960
Speaker 1: for me because I'm a sweaty guys. Yeah, it's good

456
00:28:25,000 --> 00:28:28,879
Speaker 1: news for us. I guess you're right, uh, insects. I

457
00:28:28,880 --> 00:28:30,719
Speaker 1: guess we need to talk about the whole mosquito thing,

458
00:28:30,760 --> 00:28:33,639
Speaker 1: because I think I talked about this in the virus episode.

459
00:28:33,840 --> 00:28:37,359
Speaker 1: Um was it virus? There was something? Maybe I remember

460
00:28:37,400 --> 00:28:39,480
Speaker 1: it might have been just the mosquitoes. One, Oh yeah,

461
00:28:39,480 --> 00:28:41,760
Speaker 1: maybe so. I remember thinking when I was a kid

462
00:28:42,040 --> 00:28:44,400
Speaker 1: like and this before I had read anything about it.

463
00:28:44,720 --> 00:28:47,600
Speaker 1: I came up with it on my own. It's like, wow, mosquitoes,

464
00:28:48,360 --> 00:28:50,520
Speaker 1: those are like little needles. I bet they could transmit

465
00:28:50,600 --> 00:28:55,400
Speaker 1: AIDS or HIV, and um, it's not true. So here's why.

466
00:28:55,600 --> 00:28:58,880
Speaker 1: There's very very good scientific reasons why you can't catch

467
00:28:59,160 --> 00:29:04,040
Speaker 1: HIV from a mosquito. When a mosquito injects its probosis

468
00:29:04,040 --> 00:29:08,480
Speaker 1: into your skin, um, it uses its own saliva to

469
00:29:08,760 --> 00:29:14,000
Speaker 1: lubricate this, this whole thing right um. And and when

470
00:29:14,040 --> 00:29:17,640
Speaker 1: it draws blood out, it can conceivably draw the HIV

471
00:29:17,760 --> 00:29:20,680
Speaker 1: virus out of an HIV infected person through their blood. Right.

472
00:29:21,920 --> 00:29:25,160
Speaker 1: But there's a couple of things that that um happened

473
00:29:25,160 --> 00:29:28,080
Speaker 1: after that. One, the mosquito goes and digests its blood

474
00:29:28,080 --> 00:29:32,200
Speaker 1: meal to the so it doesn't just immediately go to

475
00:29:32,240 --> 00:29:36,120
Speaker 1: another person and pick up some more blood usually um

476
00:29:36,240 --> 00:29:40,800
Speaker 1: to the virus does not replicate within the mosquito. Uh.

477
00:29:40,840 --> 00:29:44,360
Speaker 1: And Three, that virus isn't present in the mosquito saliva.

478
00:29:44,480 --> 00:29:48,280
Speaker 1: So even if it went and drank the blood of

479
00:29:48,360 --> 00:29:51,360
Speaker 1: an HIV infected person got HIV in it and then

480
00:29:51,360 --> 00:29:55,120
Speaker 1: went and and and injected you and got some of

481
00:29:55,160 --> 00:29:57,320
Speaker 1: your blood and then went back and digestis blood meal.

482
00:29:57,520 --> 00:29:59,920
Speaker 1: You still would not catch HIV from that. There would

483
00:29:59,920 --> 00:30:03,040
Speaker 1: be no transfer of HIV from that person's blood into

484
00:30:03,080 --> 00:30:06,800
Speaker 1: your body. Yeah. And they've even investigated in like parts

485
00:30:06,800 --> 00:30:09,280
Speaker 1: of Africa where aids in HIV are rampant and where

486
00:30:09,280 --> 00:30:12,960
Speaker 1: mosquitoes are rampant and transmit all kinds of diseases, and

487
00:30:13,000 --> 00:30:18,320
Speaker 1: they've still said nope, nope, nope, not happening, thank god. Uh.

488
00:30:18,360 --> 00:30:21,240
Speaker 1: And then of course toilet seats, swimming in a pool

489
00:30:21,240 --> 00:30:24,600
Speaker 1: with someone eating at the same restaurant sharing a fork.

490
00:30:25,680 --> 00:30:28,440
Speaker 1: Even social kissing closed mouth kissing. Did you know there

491
00:30:28,480 --> 00:30:31,360
Speaker 1: was a name for that closed mouth kissing? Yeah? I

492
00:30:31,440 --> 00:30:35,440
Speaker 1: call it no fun social kissing? What like the French

493
00:30:35,480 --> 00:30:43,200
Speaker 1: you do? Like yeah? Or I call that wedding ceremony kissing.

494
00:30:45,080 --> 00:30:46,720
Speaker 1: You don't often see people when they say you may

495
00:30:46,800 --> 00:30:49,360
Speaker 1: kiss the bride just like go full to its gross.

496
00:30:49,920 --> 00:30:51,520
Speaker 1: I think I saw one guy do that once at

497
00:30:51,520 --> 00:30:54,560
Speaker 1: a wedding. I was like, oh, man, man, come on,

498
00:30:54,720 --> 00:30:57,400
Speaker 1: do like a nice respectful kiss on the lips. You

499
00:30:57,440 --> 00:31:00,560
Speaker 1: mean I went to a friend's wedding recently and um,

500
00:31:00,600 --> 00:31:03,959
Speaker 1: they had a nice kiss Tony and Wenney. Congratulations. By

501
00:31:04,000 --> 00:31:06,080
Speaker 1: the way, guys, what was nice about it? It was

502
00:31:06,680 --> 00:31:09,920
Speaker 1: not social kissing, but it was not like you gross

503
00:31:09,960 --> 00:31:13,400
Speaker 1: it was. It was a good wedding kiss, a good romantic,

504
00:31:13,920 --> 00:31:18,280
Speaker 1: but tasteful kiss, perfectly perfectly put. Well, that's nice. I

505
00:31:18,280 --> 00:31:21,920
Speaker 1: hate that. I miss that. Um do you maybe I

506
00:31:21,960 --> 00:31:24,360
Speaker 1: can get my hands on video of it or they?

507
00:31:26,200 --> 00:31:30,160
Speaker 1: Uh yeah, Virus Talk with Josh and Chuck by the way, October, Yeah,

508
00:31:30,200 --> 00:31:32,040
Speaker 1: but I really think it was the Mosquito's episode that

509
00:31:32,080 --> 00:31:33,960
Speaker 1: you talked about it. No, no no, no, I mean we're

510
00:31:34,000 --> 00:31:37,800
Speaker 1: about to talk about virus is because HIV is a virus, agreed,

511
00:31:38,280 --> 00:31:42,240
Speaker 1: And as you learned and Virus Talk, um, viruses require

512
00:31:42,280 --> 00:31:47,680
Speaker 1: a host cell because viruses are basically they're not their

513
00:31:47,720 --> 00:31:52,400
Speaker 1: own thing, like they they just are carrying information basically

514
00:31:52,440 --> 00:31:55,440
Speaker 1: to invade another cell and poop it out in there,

515
00:31:55,920 --> 00:32:00,840
Speaker 1: right exactly. I mean, like they are the definition of um.

516
00:32:00,880 --> 00:32:03,600
Speaker 1: I guess what Dawkins would have called the selfish gene.

517
00:32:03,600 --> 00:32:07,440
Speaker 1: It just the whole purpose, if there is such thing

518
00:32:07,480 --> 00:32:09,800
Speaker 1: as a purpose to the universe, the whole purpose of

519
00:32:09,800 --> 00:32:12,920
Speaker 1: a virus is to create more viruses. That's it. And

520
00:32:12,960 --> 00:32:15,040
Speaker 1: when you think about the effect that a virus like

521
00:32:15,200 --> 00:32:18,400
Speaker 1: HIV has on human beings and has had on the

522
00:32:18,560 --> 00:32:22,720
Speaker 1: entire population of humanity over the last few decades, to

523
00:32:22,840 --> 00:32:25,479
Speaker 1: think that these viruses aren't even thinking that, they're not

524
00:32:26,000 --> 00:32:28,080
Speaker 1: that all that, all of that is just a byproduct

525
00:32:28,120 --> 00:32:32,680
Speaker 1: of its singular purpose, Yeah, of replicating itself. It's it's

526
00:32:32,760 --> 00:32:36,720
Speaker 1: kind of astounding. It's just so, yeah, it is because

527
00:32:36,760 --> 00:32:39,440
Speaker 1: it's just like the virus couldn't care less, because the

528
00:32:39,520 --> 00:32:43,560
Speaker 1: virus couldn't care literally, it doesn't have feelings. It's just

529
00:32:43,840 --> 00:32:45,880
Speaker 1: it's bizarre to think of it like that. Yeah, it's

530
00:32:46,040 --> 00:32:49,560
Speaker 1: it truly is uh. So viruses, including HIV, they don't

531
00:32:49,560 --> 00:32:53,440
Speaker 1: have cell walls or nucleus. Um. It's just those genetic

532
00:32:53,440 --> 00:32:56,880
Speaker 1: instructions and it's got a little protective shell. Um. A

533
00:32:56,960 --> 00:33:02,080
Speaker 1: virus HIV particle called a very of irene. I think

534
00:33:02,120 --> 00:33:05,360
Speaker 1: both of those are acceptable all uh it is spherical

535
00:33:05,880 --> 00:33:09,720
Speaker 1: uh and one ten thousand of a millimeter in diameter,

536
00:33:09,880 --> 00:33:12,520
Speaker 1: and it has little buds sticking out of the top

537
00:33:12,560 --> 00:33:16,400
Speaker 1: of it where it's basically it docks with the host cell. Yeah.

538
00:33:16,720 --> 00:33:20,400
Speaker 1: So um, like you said, it's just some instructions to

539
00:33:20,480 --> 00:33:23,600
Speaker 1: replicate itself. It's RNA strands wrapped in like a little

540
00:33:23,720 --> 00:33:27,680
Speaker 1: um protective shell made of proteins and lipids, I think,

541
00:33:28,200 --> 00:33:31,280
Speaker 1: and um, it enters the body and it goes straight

542
00:33:31,320 --> 00:33:34,080
Speaker 1: for your lymph nodes. I believe, yeah, because that's where

543
00:33:34,120 --> 00:33:37,479
Speaker 1: the T helper cells like to hang out. And of

544
00:33:37,520 --> 00:33:39,640
Speaker 1: course because it wants to recaboc on your body, it

545
00:33:39,680 --> 00:33:41,479
Speaker 1: goes straight there. And let's talk a little bit real

546
00:33:41,520 --> 00:33:44,360
Speaker 1: quick about T helper cells. So basically you have T

547
00:33:44,560 --> 00:33:47,440
Speaker 1: cells and they are like these they're like jaws from

548
00:33:47,560 --> 00:33:54,280
Speaker 1: James Bond, Okay, Lurch from the Adams family, UM, and

549
00:33:54,480 --> 00:33:58,920
Speaker 1: Jason Vorhees all rolled into one. As far as like

550
00:33:59,360 --> 00:34:04,520
Speaker 1: white blood cells in your immune system, they are mindless, bloodthirsty,

551
00:34:05,040 --> 00:34:09,719
Speaker 1: just killers. Lurch wasn't a bad guy, no, but he's scary, intimidating,

552
00:34:10,560 --> 00:34:15,120
Speaker 1: and you do a pretty good lurch by the way. Um,

553
00:34:15,160 --> 00:34:16,960
Speaker 1: I thought it was a great lurch. I appreciate it.

554
00:34:17,040 --> 00:34:20,120
Speaker 1: So it's just these things, these things are just kind

555
00:34:20,120 --> 00:34:22,360
Speaker 1: of hanging out. These T T cells are just hanging

556
00:34:22,360 --> 00:34:24,920
Speaker 1: out waiting to be told what to do. So, okay,

557
00:34:24,960 --> 00:34:28,240
Speaker 1: so there's one more character that they're like master blaster,

558
00:34:29,680 --> 00:34:33,000
Speaker 1: but they need the master guy a little shrimp. And

559
00:34:33,040 --> 00:34:36,200
Speaker 1: the little shrimp comes in the form of the the

560
00:34:36,400 --> 00:34:39,960
Speaker 1: c D four plus T cells that the T helper cells.

561
00:34:40,280 --> 00:34:43,760
Speaker 1: They go to the T cells and say, hey, get ready,

562
00:34:43,920 --> 00:34:47,000
Speaker 1: get all wrapped up and go get those guys, right.

563
00:34:47,719 --> 00:34:51,040
Speaker 1: So HIV goes right to the c D four plus

564
00:34:51,040 --> 00:34:54,040
Speaker 1: T cells, the T helper cells, and that's its preferred

565
00:34:54,080 --> 00:34:56,840
Speaker 1: cell to attack. Those are the ones that it hijacks.

566
00:34:56,880 --> 00:34:59,480
Speaker 1: And it goes up and it docks with the CD

567
00:35:00,400 --> 00:35:04,239
Speaker 1: four plus T cells and it it basically takes over,

568
00:35:04,760 --> 00:35:10,120
Speaker 1: It hijacks it in turns those cells into HIV byrian factories.

569
00:35:10,400 --> 00:35:13,560
Speaker 1: That is correct, sir. And more specifically, there are seven

570
00:35:14,480 --> 00:35:19,280
Speaker 1: it's a seven part um process and how HIV invades

571
00:35:19,640 --> 00:35:22,799
Speaker 1: the T cells. And yeah, because I don't know if

572
00:35:22,800 --> 00:35:25,080
Speaker 1: we said that the replication is a really big part

573
00:35:25,120 --> 00:35:29,000
Speaker 1: of HIV and why it's so devastating. Yeah, we did.

574
00:35:29,040 --> 00:35:30,920
Speaker 1: We mention that we'll talk about a little more. Okay,

575
00:35:31,040 --> 00:35:33,839
Speaker 1: let's let's just get to the nitty gritty though. Yeah,

576
00:35:33,880 --> 00:35:35,480
Speaker 1: and we should point out to we're gonna talk about

577
00:35:35,480 --> 00:35:39,840
Speaker 1: the drug cocktail later. And then each stage there's another

578
00:35:40,080 --> 00:35:43,960
Speaker 1: there's a corresponding drug in the drug cocktail that helps

579
00:35:44,160 --> 00:35:47,680
Speaker 1: disrupt this process. Yeah, it's like a very smart, multi

580
00:35:47,680 --> 00:35:52,200
Speaker 1: pronged approach because the HIV virus is like what the hey, yeah,

581
00:35:52,239 --> 00:35:55,200
Speaker 1: exactly going on here. I can't get anything done and

582
00:35:55,239 --> 00:35:58,799
Speaker 1: it just leaves all right. So part one binding as

583
00:35:58,880 --> 00:36:02,560
Speaker 1: when the HIV actually attaches to the immune cell, the

584
00:36:02,600 --> 00:36:06,680
Speaker 1: T helper cell and they actually fused together. Yeah, there's

585
00:36:06,719 --> 00:36:11,280
Speaker 1: special proteins. There's proteins on the helper cell that allow

586
00:36:11,560 --> 00:36:14,040
Speaker 1: these things to dock with it. That's right. It's like

587
00:36:14,080 --> 00:36:17,880
Speaker 1: a receptor's site almost. It's like a couple of rednecks

588
00:36:17,880 --> 00:36:19,680
Speaker 1: and boats when they tie their boats together out in

589
00:36:19,680 --> 00:36:21,880
Speaker 1: the lake from fourth of July. Right. I was thinking

590
00:36:21,920 --> 00:36:23,880
Speaker 1: more like a space capsule in the I S S.

591
00:36:23,920 --> 00:36:26,520
Speaker 1: But I guess that's a lower tech version of it,

592
00:36:27,280 --> 00:36:30,600
Speaker 1: right next tying their boats. One man's space capsule is

593
00:36:30,600 --> 00:36:35,520
Speaker 1: another man's party boat. Uh. Some some redneck boater who

594
00:36:35,719 --> 00:36:37,960
Speaker 1: was listening to this and didn't realize he'd be implicated.

595
00:36:37,960 --> 00:36:40,120
Speaker 1: It was like, hey, I'm not gay. He just said

596
00:36:40,160 --> 00:36:46,240
Speaker 1: that to his his iPhone number two. Reverse transcription, Uh,

597
00:36:46,680 --> 00:36:51,600
Speaker 1: reverse transcript days. It's a viral enzyme. It copies. We

598
00:36:51,719 --> 00:36:55,920
Speaker 1: said that HIV was RNA initially correct. I don't know

599
00:36:55,920 --> 00:36:58,279
Speaker 1: if we said that it's a retrovirus. So the the

600
00:36:58,360 --> 00:37:03,279
Speaker 1: genetic instructions that are inside the virus is RNA, not DNA, right.

601
00:37:03,400 --> 00:37:06,480
Speaker 1: But it goes through the reverse transcription process where the

602
00:37:06,520 --> 00:37:10,040
Speaker 1: virus is RNA becomes DNA, right, And it just when

603
00:37:10,080 --> 00:37:13,560
Speaker 1: it docks with the helper sell it does this little

604
00:37:13,640 --> 00:37:16,759
Speaker 1: bit of work on its own. It says it's got

605
00:37:16,800 --> 00:37:18,920
Speaker 1: this little enzyme. It runs it's RNA through it, and

606
00:37:19,719 --> 00:37:23,400
Speaker 1: there's a DNA strand that it just built, right, correct,

607
00:37:23,760 --> 00:37:26,719
Speaker 1: number three integration. Now you have your DNA and it

608
00:37:26,800 --> 00:37:30,320
Speaker 1: is carried into the cells nucleus by something called viral

609
00:37:30,360 --> 00:37:33,719
Speaker 1: integras binds what that sells DNA, and now you are

610
00:37:33,760 --> 00:37:36,960
Speaker 1: no longer a retro virus. You writ provirus right. But

611
00:37:37,080 --> 00:37:42,400
Speaker 1: then strangely, the cells DNA, the helper cells DNA takes

612
00:37:42,440 --> 00:37:47,600
Speaker 1: this new instruction, these new blueprints, and spits out RNA

613
00:37:47,680 --> 00:37:52,080
Speaker 1: again m rna correct. Right. It's it's called messenger RNA

614
00:37:52,440 --> 00:37:57,080
Speaker 1: and it is instructions on how to build new HIV virans.

615
00:37:57,560 --> 00:38:00,239
Speaker 1: It all sounds very sinister, it does, because if you

616
00:38:00,239 --> 00:38:02,560
Speaker 1: think about it on A. On a cellular level, it

617
00:38:02,680 --> 00:38:06,080
Speaker 1: is like, um, it's like I'm trying to kill this thing, right,

618
00:38:06,160 --> 00:38:09,879
Speaker 1: but it's very insidious, and that it's it comes up with.

619
00:38:10,480 --> 00:38:14,800
Speaker 1: It translates its own little instruction manual into the language

620
00:38:14,800 --> 00:38:17,799
Speaker 1: of the cell, inserts it into the cells like main

621
00:38:18,360 --> 00:38:21,720
Speaker 1: section the brain of it, and that makes the brain

622
00:38:21,920 --> 00:38:25,839
Speaker 1: spit out new instructions that are taken to the rest

623
00:38:25,920 --> 00:38:28,320
Speaker 1: of the cell. So it almost like it it gets

624
00:38:28,360 --> 00:38:32,680
Speaker 1: the stamp of approval from the cell to go for

625
00:38:32,760 --> 00:38:34,919
Speaker 1: the other parts of the cell to start building these

626
00:38:34,960 --> 00:38:38,359
Speaker 1: new parts for the virus. Yeah, we're totally humanizing it

627
00:38:38,400 --> 00:38:41,399
Speaker 1: by making it sound like it's nefarious, but it does

628
00:38:41,440 --> 00:38:44,520
Speaker 1: seem that way. You know, it's very interesting. So that

629
00:38:44,600 --> 00:38:47,839
Speaker 1: last step was called transcription. Then you have translation. You've

630
00:38:47,880 --> 00:38:50,400
Speaker 1: got that m r n A at this point is

631
00:38:50,400 --> 00:38:52,239
Speaker 1: carried back out of the cell. This is like a

632
00:38:52,280 --> 00:38:55,560
Speaker 1: work order, Yeah, exactly, carry back out of the cell

633
00:38:56,080 --> 00:39:00,479
Speaker 1: and then basically follows a natural progression where these long

634
00:39:00,560 --> 00:39:03,680
Speaker 1: chains of proteins and enzymes are strung together by the

635
00:39:03,719 --> 00:39:07,200
Speaker 1: own cells, own functions, and own components. Yeah, it just

636
00:39:07,200 --> 00:39:10,000
Speaker 1: starts doing its normal thing, right, but it's not doing

637
00:39:10,000 --> 00:39:12,479
Speaker 1: its normal stuff any longer. What it's doing is using

638
00:39:12,520 --> 00:39:16,160
Speaker 1: its energy and time to build new HIV viruns rather

639
00:39:16,200 --> 00:39:21,920
Speaker 1: than go prime T cells exactly. Uh. Part six assembly

640
00:39:22,640 --> 00:39:25,200
Speaker 1: the RNA and viral enzymes they get together at the

641
00:39:25,239 --> 00:39:31,120
Speaker 1: edge of the cell, and another enzyme called proteas basically cuts.

642
00:39:31,520 --> 00:39:34,360
Speaker 1: I don't really understand this part, So imagine what's more

643
00:39:35,360 --> 00:39:39,640
Speaker 1: like making one cell at a time, having somebody just

644
00:39:39,680 --> 00:39:41,880
Speaker 1: spit out a whole bunch of the same parts, and

645
00:39:41,920 --> 00:39:44,840
Speaker 1: then assembling them later. One of the steps of assembly

646
00:39:44,920 --> 00:39:48,720
Speaker 1: is cutting them into individual bits from these long chains

647
00:39:48,719 --> 00:39:52,560
Speaker 1: of polypeptides, and then finally, butting is when it actually

648
00:39:52,600 --> 00:39:56,160
Speaker 1: splits off. It pinches out from the cell membrane becomes

649
00:39:56,160 --> 00:39:59,120
Speaker 1: its own thing, and one of the key components there

650
00:39:59,200 --> 00:40:00,960
Speaker 1: is it doesn't have to destroy the host cell in

651
00:40:01,000 --> 00:40:03,480
Speaker 1: the process. No, it doesn't. UM. There's a lot of

652
00:40:03,560 --> 00:40:05,920
Speaker 1: viruses out there that just keep building and building and

653
00:40:05,920 --> 00:40:09,160
Speaker 1: building until they literally rupture the cell, and that's how

654
00:40:09,160 --> 00:40:12,160
Speaker 1: they spread through the body. These like say, hey, thanks

655
00:40:12,160 --> 00:40:15,160
Speaker 1: for a little bit of that lipid action, I'm now

656
00:40:15,520 --> 00:40:20,080
Speaker 1: a new HIV virus and UM. But you can keep

657
00:40:20,120 --> 00:40:22,759
Speaker 1: going on and build some more virans. I don't have

658
00:40:22,800 --> 00:40:26,200
Speaker 1: to destroy you to spread. It's really a nasty, nasty disease.

659
00:40:26,320 --> 00:40:29,200
Speaker 1: It really is how it works. So eventually the the

660
00:40:29,239 --> 00:40:33,080
Speaker 1: helper cell does figure out that there's something terribly wrong

661
00:40:33,640 --> 00:40:36,839
Speaker 1: and it it self destructs. But this makes the whole

662
00:40:36,840 --> 00:40:39,440
Speaker 1: thing even even worse. So the CD the c D

663
00:40:39,600 --> 00:40:42,759
Speaker 1: four plus T helper cell is not out there doing

664
00:40:42,760 --> 00:40:44,920
Speaker 1: what it's supposed to be doing, priming T cells to

665
00:40:44,960 --> 00:40:49,440
Speaker 1: attack the HIV instead of spending its time making more HIV.

666
00:40:50,120 --> 00:40:52,719
Speaker 1: And then when it finally is like, this has messed up.

667
00:40:52,800 --> 00:40:56,120
Speaker 1: Something's really wrong. I need to self destruct. It actually

668
00:40:56,880 --> 00:41:00,880
Speaker 1: signals other c D four plus he helped ourselves to

669
00:41:00,960 --> 00:41:04,080
Speaker 1: come surround it, and then it basically blows up, taking

670
00:41:04,120 --> 00:41:06,680
Speaker 1: them with it. Yeah, it's like a mass suicide. It's yeah,

671
00:41:06,719 --> 00:41:09,040
Speaker 1: it's like it's like a massacre down there on the

672
00:41:09,080 --> 00:41:11,600
Speaker 1: cellular level. Yeah. So this is one of the things

673
00:41:11,680 --> 00:41:16,200
Speaker 1: that makes HIV so insidious. All Right, I think we

674
00:41:16,239 --> 00:41:19,480
Speaker 1: need to take another break because people's minds are exploding

675
00:41:19,520 --> 00:41:23,319
Speaker 1: at this point and hopefully expanding, so we'll be right

676
00:41:23,400 --> 00:41:45,960
Speaker 1: back after this. Um chuck. One of the things we

677
00:41:46,000 --> 00:41:49,840
Speaker 1: also have to mention about HIV and UM one of

678
00:41:49,880 --> 00:41:52,440
Speaker 1: the other aspects that makes it so difficult to cure

679
00:41:53,000 --> 00:41:57,240
Speaker 1: or to even treat. Um. In addition to these cells

680
00:41:57,320 --> 00:42:01,040
Speaker 1: like being hijacked, some of these irons that are being

681
00:42:01,080 --> 00:42:06,000
Speaker 1: produced are just going off and accumulating in other cells,

682
00:42:06,080 --> 00:42:09,440
Speaker 1: but they're not hijacking it, right, So as far as

683
00:42:09,440 --> 00:42:12,240
Speaker 1: the cells concerned, there's nothing weird going on. There's nothing

684
00:42:12,280 --> 00:42:16,000
Speaker 1: worth blowing yourself up over. It's just um, there's just

685
00:42:16,040 --> 00:42:19,120
Speaker 1: some extra little virus hanging out on my surface. But

686
00:42:19,160 --> 00:42:22,279
Speaker 1: who cares, It's fine. And these start to spread over

687
00:42:22,320 --> 00:42:25,920
Speaker 1: that decade from infection to the onset of symptoms, they

688
00:42:25,960 --> 00:42:28,239
Speaker 1: start to spread and accumulate throughout the body and the

689
00:42:28,320 --> 00:42:31,160
Speaker 1: growing area and your bone marrow and your lymph nodes,

690
00:42:31,200 --> 00:42:36,200
Speaker 1: like all over your bodys Yes, they form HIV reservoirs, right,

691
00:42:36,920 --> 00:42:39,359
Speaker 1: And since these things can just hide out and they're

692
00:42:39,400 --> 00:42:42,000
Speaker 1: not active and then they can become active whenever, it

693
00:42:42,080 --> 00:42:45,680
Speaker 1: makes HIV a chronic, lifelong disease, and it makes it

694
00:42:45,760 --> 00:42:50,120
Speaker 1: really really difficult to eradicate because the body mounts its

695
00:42:50,120 --> 00:42:56,279
Speaker 1: own defense against the HIV infection. Initially, it's those reservoirs

696
00:42:56,320 --> 00:43:00,680
Speaker 1: that become more and more widespread and increasing number to

697
00:43:00,760 --> 00:43:02,880
Speaker 1: where they finally get to a point where your viral

698
00:43:02,960 --> 00:43:06,240
Speaker 1: load is what it's called. There's just so many HIV

699
00:43:06,360 --> 00:43:09,600
Speaker 1: viryans infecting so much of your body that when they

700
00:43:09,600 --> 00:43:12,840
Speaker 1: do start to finally become active, it just totally overloads

701
00:43:12,840 --> 00:43:15,680
Speaker 1: your c D four count and your number just goes down,

702
00:43:16,040 --> 00:43:19,840
Speaker 1: and all of a sudden you have the stage three

703
00:43:19,920 --> 00:43:24,360
Speaker 1: year four HIV, which is again is AIDS and um

704
00:43:24,600 --> 00:43:27,560
Speaker 1: we uh yeah, thanks for pointing that out. Um, I

705
00:43:27,560 --> 00:43:30,319
Speaker 1: think that one of the also more dangerous parts is

706
00:43:30,320 --> 00:43:34,919
Speaker 1: those reservoirs are invisible in that right, like immunologically speaking, Yeah,

707
00:43:35,480 --> 00:43:37,600
Speaker 1: and you know, it's just like there's a there's a

708
00:43:37,680 --> 00:43:40,600
Speaker 1: virus on the on the protein outside and that's it.

709
00:43:40,840 --> 00:43:43,240
Speaker 1: And we're gonna talk about the AIDS cocktail and stuff.

710
00:43:43,280 --> 00:43:46,279
Speaker 1: But even though it is effective, I think they said

711
00:43:46,320 --> 00:43:50,120
Speaker 1: it's it's um, it's so slow moving that it will

712
00:43:50,280 --> 00:43:53,960
Speaker 1: require sixty to eighty years of the cocktail therapy to

713
00:43:54,040 --> 00:43:57,760
Speaker 1: completely eradicate the virus. In other words, you can't completely

714
00:43:57,760 --> 00:44:01,759
Speaker 1: eradicate the virus. I mean technically good. It depends it

715
00:44:02,400 --> 00:44:04,880
Speaker 1: to be very old when you were very young. If

716
00:44:04,880 --> 00:44:06,719
Speaker 1: you acquired it at age ten and you lived to

717
00:44:06,880 --> 00:44:11,400
Speaker 1: age ninety, then technically you could probably completely rad KHIV.

718
00:44:11,680 --> 00:44:13,919
Speaker 1: That's not the way that this goes though, you know. Yeah,

719
00:44:14,320 --> 00:44:16,279
Speaker 1: well no, but there have been plenty of kids who

720
00:44:16,280 --> 00:44:18,200
Speaker 1: get it through other ways, you know. Yeah, I mean

721
00:44:18,239 --> 00:44:21,480
Speaker 1: like you can be infected as a fetus, um and

722
00:44:21,560 --> 00:44:23,600
Speaker 1: again through breastfeeding. I think are two of the ways

723
00:44:23,600 --> 00:44:27,080
Speaker 1: you said, right, yeah, and you know with I think

724
00:44:27,120 --> 00:44:31,120
Speaker 1: Ryan White got it through a blood transfusion, didn't heah is,

725
00:44:31,200 --> 00:44:33,160
Speaker 1: Well we'll talk about that too, man. There's so much

726
00:44:33,760 --> 00:44:36,960
Speaker 1: future goodness coming. All right, Well, we're gonna close this

727
00:44:37,000 --> 00:44:41,719
Speaker 1: episode out with some stats. UM. I went to uh,

728
00:44:41,880 --> 00:44:44,239
Speaker 1: and this is for the United States. We've already given

729
00:44:44,280 --> 00:44:48,400
Speaker 1: some worldwide stats, but geez, where to start. There's so

730
00:44:48,440 --> 00:44:54,279
Speaker 1: many UM. Estimated incidents of HIV has remained stable in

731
00:44:54,320 --> 00:44:58,239
Speaker 1: recent years, about fifty thousand new HIV infections per year

732
00:44:58,560 --> 00:45:01,680
Speaker 1: in the United States. But like we said, some groups

733
00:45:01,800 --> 00:45:05,400
Speaker 1: UM are worse off than others. Uh if you go

734
00:45:05,480 --> 00:45:10,000
Speaker 1: by groups UM. And this is where categorizing sexuality gets

735
00:45:10,000 --> 00:45:14,440
Speaker 1: so tricky, because you can say homosexual men, bisexual men,

736
00:45:15,160 --> 00:45:17,800
Speaker 1: or this term that was invented in the mid nineties

737
00:45:18,280 --> 00:45:21,040
Speaker 1: m s M men who have sex with men, which

738
00:45:21,080 --> 00:45:23,839
Speaker 1: is meant to be a neutral term. Yeah, that's not

739
00:45:24,040 --> 00:45:26,520
Speaker 1: casting any judgment or anything that right. It also takes

740
00:45:26,520 --> 00:45:29,640
Speaker 1: into account dudes are into like download stuff who don't

741
00:45:29,719 --> 00:45:33,520
Speaker 1: self identify as gay, right, Um, like I'm not gay bisexual,

742
00:45:33,680 --> 00:45:36,640
Speaker 1: I just have sex with men exactly every Wednesday, you know,

743
00:45:36,840 --> 00:45:39,759
Speaker 1: in the park. Yeah, and those those people would be

744
00:45:39,800 --> 00:45:42,719
Speaker 1: counted in this correct Uh. And there's we might as

745
00:45:42,719 --> 00:45:45,560
Speaker 1: well say, there's there's the very people who created that

746
00:45:45,680 --> 00:45:48,160
Speaker 1: term in the science community. Um, some of them are

747
00:45:48,200 --> 00:45:53,000
Speaker 1: now lobbying to have that term removed or used more sparingly,

748
00:45:53,239 --> 00:45:56,560
Speaker 1: I think is another interpretation. Yeah, And the thought is

749
00:45:56,600 --> 00:45:58,239
Speaker 1: and it makes a lot of sense, is uh. And

750
00:45:58,280 --> 00:46:02,520
Speaker 1: there's also women sleeping with women us w Uh, it says,

751
00:46:02,640 --> 00:46:04,680
Speaker 1: and I'm gonna read this directly, so don't goof it up,

752
00:46:04,920 --> 00:46:07,239
Speaker 1: said ms M and w SW often imply a lack

753
00:46:07,239 --> 00:46:10,880
Speaker 1: of lesbian or gay identity and absence of community networks

754
00:46:10,880 --> 00:46:13,880
Speaker 1: and relationships in which same gender peerings mean more than

755
00:46:13,920 --> 00:46:18,200
Speaker 1: merely sexual behavior. Uh. Plus it's ex sense. They are

756
00:46:18,239 --> 00:46:21,000
Speaker 1: also saying that it's overly broad too, that you're really

757
00:46:21,000 --> 00:46:25,200
Speaker 1: not taking into account specifically who you're talking about, you know,

758
00:46:25,960 --> 00:46:31,480
Speaker 1: like if you're lumping in Wednesday download guys with um,

759
00:46:31,520 --> 00:46:35,080
Speaker 1: you know, men who have been openly homosexual since age

760
00:46:35,120 --> 00:46:38,760
Speaker 1: sixteen who are now sixty. Those are two totally different

761
00:46:38,760 --> 00:46:42,160
Speaker 1: communities and in most ways, absolutely and to lump them

762
00:46:42,200 --> 00:46:45,800
Speaker 1: in together, especially if you're if it's an epidemiological paper,

763
00:46:45,840 --> 00:46:49,000
Speaker 1: for example, that's that's doing a disservice to the person

764
00:46:49,080 --> 00:46:52,360
Speaker 1: you're writing the paper for. So they're there, they propose

765
00:46:52,719 --> 00:46:55,480
Speaker 1: to just be more specific, like you don't have to

766
00:46:55,480 --> 00:46:59,120
Speaker 1: get do away with MSM. But say you know Wednesday

767
00:46:59,160 --> 00:47:01,960
Speaker 1: downlow ms um right, you know, when you're talking about

768
00:47:01,960 --> 00:47:06,400
Speaker 1: a specific population and in your study site, the the

769
00:47:06,560 --> 00:47:10,240
Speaker 1: type of subgroups that you study that participated in the study,

770
00:47:10,280 --> 00:47:13,879
Speaker 1: like you had twenty Wednesday download ms M, you had

771
00:47:14,200 --> 00:47:18,440
Speaker 1: uh thirty old gay guys. Surely there's other abbreviations that

772
00:47:18,480 --> 00:47:20,319
Speaker 1: could come out of this, but they're saying, just be

773
00:47:20,400 --> 00:47:22,480
Speaker 1: more scientific about this show. We yeah, and I think

774
00:47:22,520 --> 00:47:25,399
Speaker 1: it started out with a well meaning, well intended thing,

775
00:47:25,480 --> 00:47:28,000
Speaker 1: but um there, you know, this whole thing is evolved.

776
00:47:28,040 --> 00:47:30,680
Speaker 1: Everyone's learning how the best deal with terminologies, you know,

777
00:47:31,320 --> 00:47:34,320
Speaker 1: and we've in ten years there'll be more specific terminology.

778
00:47:35,000 --> 00:47:36,279
Speaker 1: You know, what are you about to say he had

779
00:47:36,280 --> 00:47:38,600
Speaker 1: a good joke like give everybody a break. We're all

780
00:47:38,680 --> 00:47:41,280
Speaker 1: learning as we go. Yeah, we are. We're in this together.

781
00:47:41,760 --> 00:47:45,520
Speaker 1: So but risk group wise. Uh. And of course it

782
00:47:45,600 --> 00:47:48,160
Speaker 1: says MSM here right after we said all that. Uh.

783
00:47:48,239 --> 00:47:51,040
Speaker 1: They represent about four percent of the male population is

784
00:47:51,080 --> 00:47:53,480
Speaker 1: all in the United States in two thousand ten, they

785
00:47:53,480 --> 00:47:58,680
Speaker 1: accounted for seventy eight of new HIV infections and of

786
00:47:58,719 --> 00:48:01,760
Speaker 1: all people living with HIV UH in the United States.

787
00:48:02,280 --> 00:48:04,120
Speaker 1: So and you know, we got to the reasons why

788
00:48:04,200 --> 00:48:09,479
Speaker 1: that you know is happening earlier. Uh. And then the UM,

789
00:48:09,560 --> 00:48:12,560
Speaker 1: let me see here, injection drug users represent eight percent

790
00:48:12,640 --> 00:48:16,360
Speaker 1: of new infections in two thousand ten. Women accounted for

791
00:48:16,400 --> 00:48:22,200
Speaker 1: twenty of estimated new infections in two thousand ten. And UM,

792
00:48:22,280 --> 00:48:24,920
Speaker 1: what's scary there is there's been a rise UH in

793
00:48:25,200 --> 00:48:30,759
Speaker 1: HIV infection and women increase from two thousand eight to

794
00:48:30,800 --> 00:48:33,800
Speaker 1: two thousand ten. You know that's going in the wrong direction.

795
00:48:33,920 --> 00:48:36,239
Speaker 1: I didn't see it in my research anywhere, but I

796
00:48:36,239 --> 00:48:38,560
Speaker 1: didn't specifically look for it. UM, so take it with

797
00:48:38,560 --> 00:48:40,719
Speaker 1: a grain of salt. But I remember hearing not too

798
00:48:40,760 --> 00:48:43,279
Speaker 1: many years ago that UM HIV was on the rise

799
00:48:43,320 --> 00:48:48,280
Speaker 1: among the elderly population really thanks to viagra. That there's

800
00:48:48,320 --> 00:48:52,719
Speaker 1: been a far greater increase in sexual activity and retirement

801
00:48:52,719 --> 00:48:56,640
Speaker 1: communities or nursing homes even sure because of viagra, and

802
00:48:56,760 --> 00:48:59,359
Speaker 1: they're there, but they're just not taking precautions because they're like,

803
00:48:59,440 --> 00:49:03,160
Speaker 1: I'm you know, I'm eighty. Yeah, that's fine, but apparently

804
00:49:03,400 --> 00:49:06,080
Speaker 1: HIV is totally makes on the rise among that population.

805
00:49:06,200 --> 00:49:08,160
Speaker 1: We need to do one on viagra. Actually looked at

806
00:49:08,160 --> 00:49:09,960
Speaker 1: the article the other day to suggest it and it

807
00:49:10,040 --> 00:49:14,480
Speaker 1: was hard. Oh was it? Yes, it was. It was

808
00:49:14,760 --> 00:49:21,720
Speaker 1: dense and difficult, So yeah, bad, bad guy. UH. African

809
00:49:21,719 --> 00:49:26,799
Speaker 1: Americans and minorities in general. UM Africa. African Americans represent

810
00:49:26,880 --> 00:49:30,919
Speaker 1: twelve percent of the population but accounted fort of new

811
00:49:30,960 --> 00:49:33,279
Speaker 1: infections in two thousands ten and I wish we had

812
00:49:33,280 --> 00:49:36,200
Speaker 1: more recent stats, but we don't. Apparently that's the most

813
00:49:36,320 --> 00:49:39,719
Speaker 1: most instantly available, which is surprising. And the same with

814
00:49:39,800 --> 00:49:45,440
Speaker 1: Hispanic Latino UH a disproportionate affected by HIV compared to

815
00:49:45,480 --> 00:49:48,040
Speaker 1: their population. So then I was like, well, why is

816
00:49:48,080 --> 00:49:53,360
Speaker 1: this happening? UM. As far as African Americans and are concerned,

817
00:49:54,200 --> 00:49:56,600
Speaker 1: there's a lot of debate on what's going on there. UM,

818
00:49:56,640 --> 00:49:59,920
Speaker 1: but they have found more infections, a shorter survival period,

819
00:50:00,200 --> 00:50:04,760
Speaker 1: an increased number of deaths, and the most leading theories

820
00:50:04,800 --> 00:50:08,480
Speaker 1: are poverty, that they may be more likely to be

821
00:50:08,560 --> 00:50:13,440
Speaker 1: uninsured and go to the doctor to begin with. UM,

822
00:50:13,560 --> 00:50:18,080
Speaker 1: injection drug use. Uh, the increases increases the spread of HIV.

823
00:50:19,239 --> 00:50:22,840
Speaker 1: And I guess what they're saying is there's less safe

824
00:50:22,920 --> 00:50:26,480
Speaker 1: injection drug use in the African American community or less

825
00:50:26,520 --> 00:50:31,920
Speaker 1: responsible like getting new you know, and stuff like that. Uh,

826
00:50:32,239 --> 00:50:34,640
Speaker 1: there's like a heroin epidemic going on right now. I

827
00:50:34,640 --> 00:50:36,200
Speaker 1: don't think just with the black community. As a matter

828
00:50:36,239 --> 00:50:39,279
Speaker 1: of fact, it's even more popular among like white kids

829
00:50:39,320 --> 00:50:41,839
Speaker 1: than Black kids right now. But I wonder how much

830
00:50:41,840 --> 00:50:43,839
Speaker 1: of an effect that's having on the spread of HIV

831
00:50:43,960 --> 00:50:47,799
Speaker 1: among everybody. Yeah, good point. Uh. And then the last

832
00:50:47,800 --> 00:50:51,719
Speaker 1: couple of lack of information, Um, you may not you

833
00:50:51,760 --> 00:50:53,920
Speaker 1: may be HIV positive and you don't even know it.

834
00:50:54,000 --> 00:50:57,160
Speaker 1: And we I know, we talked before about the Tuskegee

835
00:50:57,719 --> 00:51:01,360
Speaker 1: syphilis experiments and how they're that has led to a

836
00:51:01,400 --> 00:51:05,600
Speaker 1: general distrust UM and some corners of the African American

837
00:51:05,600 --> 00:51:09,880
Speaker 1: community against the medicine and doctors overall. And then finally

838
00:51:10,200 --> 00:51:13,279
Speaker 1: a stigma. There's a stigma in the black community. UM

839
00:51:13,360 --> 00:51:17,879
Speaker 1: that still is a gay, white disease. And that's why

840
00:51:18,000 --> 00:51:20,200
Speaker 1: when Easy got AIDS it was such a big deal.

841
00:51:20,480 --> 00:51:23,440
Speaker 1: It was the illuminati who injected him with it. Was

842
00:51:23,480 --> 00:51:27,799
Speaker 1: that one of the theories. You're kidding? Uh yeah, I

843
00:51:27,800 --> 00:51:29,200
Speaker 1: mean that was why he was a really big deal,

844
00:51:29,200 --> 00:51:31,600
Speaker 1: because he put a face to a certain segment of

845
00:51:31,640 --> 00:51:34,239
Speaker 1: the black population where they're like, wait a minute, you

846
00:51:34,280 --> 00:51:36,799
Speaker 1: know it's easy can get it. Anybody can get it. Yeah,

847
00:51:36,840 --> 00:51:39,399
Speaker 1: it's true. Uh so those are the reasons they think

848
00:51:39,400 --> 00:51:44,040
Speaker 1: it's spreading more in the in the minority communities. Um,

849
00:51:44,080 --> 00:51:46,879
Speaker 1: and are we done with part one? I think so? So.

850
00:51:47,120 --> 00:51:49,279
Speaker 1: Do you remember um when they would do like a

851
00:51:49,360 --> 00:51:54,040
Speaker 1: very serious two part different strokes at the end. Normally

852
00:51:54,080 --> 00:51:55,920
Speaker 1: they would clap at the end, but at the end

853
00:51:55,960 --> 00:51:58,359
Speaker 1: of part one, it would just like go quiet, Yeah,

854
00:51:58,400 --> 00:52:00,120
Speaker 1: I got no listener mail for this. I think we

855
00:52:00,120 --> 00:52:03,000
Speaker 1: should do that. Okay, So how do we set this up?

856
00:52:03,360 --> 00:52:11,319
Speaker 1: I think we just stopped talking for more on this

857
00:52:11,480 --> 00:52:14,000
Speaker 1: and thousands of other topics. Is it how stuff works?

858
00:52:14,000 --> 00:52:15,120
Speaker 1: Dot Com