1 00:00:04,240 --> 00:00:06,520 Speaker 1: Hey, and welcome to the short stuff. I'm Josh and 2 00:00:06,559 --> 00:00:10,239 Speaker 1: there's Chuck and Jerry's pretending that she's Dave c right now, 3 00:00:10,800 --> 00:00:16,120 Speaker 1: and that makes this a short stuff about Chuck. Goose Bumps. 4 00:00:16,680 --> 00:00:19,000 Speaker 1: All those R. L. Stein fans out there are going 5 00:00:19,040 --> 00:00:23,560 Speaker 1: to be very disappointed. In a second. Those were below 6 00:00:23,720 --> 00:00:27,040 Speaker 1: my age range. Same here. Those came along after we left, 7 00:00:27,120 --> 00:00:30,800 Speaker 1: right after we left Childhood. Yeah, definitely. Um, But I 8 00:00:30,840 --> 00:00:32,760 Speaker 1: have to say, if you've been on Netflix and you're 9 00:00:32,760 --> 00:00:35,840 Speaker 1: looking for something scary, slashery to watch, but that's also 10 00:00:35,880 --> 00:00:40,480 Speaker 1: really smart, that same dude came up with something called 11 00:00:40,520 --> 00:00:45,600 Speaker 1: Fear Street. Um. It's like three part series, really really 12 00:00:45,640 --> 00:00:48,720 Speaker 1: well done. Um, and it is not meant for kids 13 00:00:48,840 --> 00:00:52,400 Speaker 1: at all, Like it is super gory, super graphic. Just 14 00:00:52,680 --> 00:00:54,920 Speaker 1: it's like it's almost like carl Stein was like, I'm 15 00:00:55,000 --> 00:00:57,520 Speaker 1: so super writing for kids, and it just went the 16 00:00:57,520 --> 00:01:00,440 Speaker 1: opposite direction. So it's definitely worth watching. Anyone on a 17 00:01:00,520 --> 00:01:04,040 Speaker 1: murder spree. Yeah pretty much, man, it's really good. They 18 00:01:04,040 --> 00:01:07,000 Speaker 1: shot some of those goose bumps and right around our neighborhoods. 19 00:01:07,360 --> 00:01:11,400 Speaker 1: That's great man. Did you sell them? Um? Bloody Caesar's 20 00:01:13,440 --> 00:01:17,240 Speaker 1: very funny, So let's start talking about goose bumps, the 21 00:01:17,280 --> 00:01:23,360 Speaker 1: real goose bumps um, which is also known as pilo erection. Well, 22 00:01:23,400 --> 00:01:27,440 Speaker 1: I guess somebody had to say it. Uh, nothing funny 23 00:01:27,440 --> 00:01:32,319 Speaker 1: about that word, though, right, kind it's kind of funny, okay. Uh? Yeah. 24 00:01:32,400 --> 00:01:36,280 Speaker 1: Goose bumps are obviously an evolutionary holdover. And I can't 25 00:01:36,280 --> 00:01:39,440 Speaker 1: believe we haven't talked about this before, but have we 26 00:01:39,520 --> 00:01:43,560 Speaker 1: in just in some random yep? I think it's either 27 00:01:43,640 --> 00:01:46,080 Speaker 1: that or we did like a video explainer on it 28 00:01:46,160 --> 00:01:48,680 Speaker 1: or something. I know I did it. Don't be dumb, 29 00:01:48,720 --> 00:01:50,720 Speaker 1: but that's not that's not it. You and I have 30 00:01:50,760 --> 00:01:53,160 Speaker 1: talked about it before too. All right, Well should we 31 00:01:53,160 --> 00:01:54,560 Speaker 1: just tell people to go watch you don't be dumb 32 00:01:54,600 --> 00:01:56,600 Speaker 1: and sign off? No, no, no, because this is gonna 33 00:01:56,600 --> 00:01:59,280 Speaker 1: be way better than that. Don't be dumb? Okay? Uh? Well, 34 00:01:59,280 --> 00:02:03,880 Speaker 1: goose bumps are evolutionary hold over. Uh and you know, 35 00:02:04,120 --> 00:02:06,040 Speaker 1: sort of the and I think a lot of people 36 00:02:06,080 --> 00:02:08,920 Speaker 1: know this, but one of the things that happens when 37 00:02:09,200 --> 00:02:12,800 Speaker 1: you get goose bumps is ideally you have a little 38 00:02:12,840 --> 00:02:15,880 Speaker 1: tiny hair standing on end um. You can also get 39 00:02:15,880 --> 00:02:19,200 Speaker 1: goose bumps where there is no hair, but again, evolutionary 40 00:02:19,240 --> 00:02:23,400 Speaker 1: holdover from when we were all much more furry individuals. 41 00:02:24,240 --> 00:02:27,320 Speaker 1: And you call that pilow direction, and that's because it 42 00:02:27,480 --> 00:02:32,200 Speaker 1: is uh, the pilo erector muscles that are contracting and 43 00:02:32,240 --> 00:02:34,959 Speaker 1: making Uh. If you do have hair, stand on in 44 00:02:35,240 --> 00:02:37,280 Speaker 1: and took took when you had much more hair, stand 45 00:02:37,320 --> 00:02:39,480 Speaker 1: on in. Yeah, or like you said, if you don't 46 00:02:39,480 --> 00:02:41,360 Speaker 1: have hair, it's just like this kind of raised you 47 00:02:41,400 --> 00:02:44,440 Speaker 1: look like a pluck goose in that that um area, 48 00:02:44,480 --> 00:02:48,160 Speaker 1: which I just realizes why they call it goosebumps. You 49 00:02:48,200 --> 00:02:50,079 Speaker 1: didn't know that, are you kidding? It was one of 50 00:02:50,120 --> 00:02:52,560 Speaker 1: those things like it just never stopped and thought about it. 51 00:02:53,200 --> 00:02:56,000 Speaker 1: I've heard people say chicken skin too. Yeah, that makes 52 00:02:56,080 --> 00:02:59,560 Speaker 1: total sense as well. But so the second function you mentioned, 53 00:02:59,560 --> 00:03:01,240 Speaker 1: the first one is to keep us warm. The second 54 00:03:01,280 --> 00:03:04,000 Speaker 1: one was that if we were scared back in the 55 00:03:04,120 --> 00:03:06,760 Speaker 1: day when we had a lot more hair, or let's 56 00:03:06,760 --> 00:03:10,680 Speaker 1: say other animals that get goose bumps um and it 57 00:03:10,720 --> 00:03:13,320 Speaker 1: makes their hair stand on end. It makes them appear 58 00:03:13,400 --> 00:03:17,120 Speaker 1: bigger to a predator. So let's say fight or flight response, 59 00:03:17,160 --> 00:03:20,840 Speaker 1: which is appropriate because it's part of the sympathetic nervous system. 60 00:03:21,040 --> 00:03:24,360 Speaker 1: Goose bumps are but chuck. There's something really unique about 61 00:03:24,360 --> 00:03:28,360 Speaker 1: goose bumps. As far as sympathetic nervous system stuff goes, it's, 62 00:03:28,560 --> 00:03:33,000 Speaker 1: from what anyone can tell, the only sympathetic nervous response 63 00:03:33,360 --> 00:03:38,040 Speaker 1: that can be consciously controlled. It's extremely rare, but they 64 00:03:38,120 --> 00:03:42,160 Speaker 1: found that some people can give themselves goose bumps. It's 65 00:03:42,200 --> 00:03:46,520 Speaker 1: pretty awesome talent. As far as the you know, the 66 00:03:46,560 --> 00:03:50,080 Speaker 1: evolutionary holdover, I don't think we said that it keeps 67 00:03:50,120 --> 00:03:53,320 Speaker 1: us warm because it raises that hair up, and what 68 00:03:53,400 --> 00:03:58,400 Speaker 1: happens is air gets trapped in that space between right 69 00:03:58,600 --> 00:04:02,360 Speaker 1: is uh davemat Piece would say that, Dave Matthews, we 70 00:04:02,400 --> 00:04:05,560 Speaker 1: would you do that to everybody? I don't even like 71 00:04:05,640 --> 00:04:07,520 Speaker 1: Dave Matthews. I'm I'm not even sure how I know 72 00:04:07,600 --> 00:04:10,600 Speaker 1: that song. Well, I mean he's he's got a few 73 00:04:10,640 --> 00:04:12,880 Speaker 1: hits under his belt for sure, and I guess that's 74 00:04:12,880 --> 00:04:15,360 Speaker 1: one of them. Uh, So that'll help keep you warm. 75 00:04:15,480 --> 00:04:17,920 Speaker 1: And as far as the puffing up to appear bigger like, 76 00:04:17,960 --> 00:04:20,120 Speaker 1: you still see this all over the place in the 77 00:04:20,160 --> 00:04:24,720 Speaker 1: animal kingdom. Um, whether or not you're a dog barges 78 00:04:24,760 --> 00:04:27,000 Speaker 1: in on your cat and your cat puffs puffs up. 79 00:04:27,480 --> 00:04:29,679 Speaker 1: It's always funny looking when a cat puffs that tail 80 00:04:29,720 --> 00:04:32,840 Speaker 1: and body up. To try to appear you know, like 81 00:04:33,279 --> 00:04:35,600 Speaker 1: half an inch bigger than they really are all over. 82 00:04:36,800 --> 00:04:38,400 Speaker 1: But it's not just cats. You see all kinds of 83 00:04:38,400 --> 00:04:41,599 Speaker 1: animals that'll that'll puff up there for or feathers, because 84 00:04:41,640 --> 00:04:44,080 Speaker 1: birds do kind of the same thing. Yeah, totally. And 85 00:04:44,080 --> 00:04:45,839 Speaker 1: the whole thing is like, leave me alone. I'm way 86 00:04:45,839 --> 00:04:48,920 Speaker 1: bigger than you thought, run away. Just don't even test me, right, 87 00:04:49,400 --> 00:04:51,760 Speaker 1: but don't think about it, buddy. So that makes them 88 00:04:51,800 --> 00:04:55,400 Speaker 1: totally useless in humans, like because we don't have enough 89 00:04:55,440 --> 00:04:58,680 Speaker 1: hair to warm ourselves and we don't have enough hair 90 00:04:58,760 --> 00:05:02,000 Speaker 1: to appear any bigger. So, like you said, kept calling 91 00:05:02,000 --> 00:05:05,480 Speaker 1: it an evolutionary holdover. But what's really interesting about goose 92 00:05:05,520 --> 00:05:10,120 Speaker 1: bumps is somehow, some way along the way, as humans 93 00:05:10,200 --> 00:05:14,520 Speaker 1: developed more and more consciousness and intelligence and our brains 94 00:05:14,600 --> 00:05:19,400 Speaker 1: just kept evolving, something happened to where our goose bump 95 00:05:20,040 --> 00:05:28,240 Speaker 1: response got hijacked when we hear certain emotionally evocative things. Yeah, 96 00:05:28,520 --> 00:05:31,520 Speaker 1: like if you've ever been at a live concert and 97 00:05:31,600 --> 00:05:35,640 Speaker 1: gotten chills because something was so overwhelming emotionally, Yeah, like 98 00:05:35,680 --> 00:05:38,800 Speaker 1: the dude from Boston like just really delivered an amazing 99 00:05:38,880 --> 00:05:44,680 Speaker 1: drum solo. Uh wow, Okay, I didn't that's funny. Out 100 00:05:44,720 --> 00:05:47,240 Speaker 1: of all the people in Boston, I didn't see going 101 00:05:47,240 --> 00:05:49,919 Speaker 1: towards the drummer. Oh, he had the greatest afro of 102 00:05:49,960 --> 00:05:53,920 Speaker 1: all time. Of the original guy, Yeah, Barry I think, Yeah, 103 00:05:54,120 --> 00:05:55,920 Speaker 1: I can't remember his name, but yeah, he had a 104 00:05:55,960 --> 00:05:58,400 Speaker 1: fantastic affro. You know, all those guys went to M 105 00:05:58,440 --> 00:06:01,680 Speaker 1: I T. I didn't know all of them, Did I 106 00:06:01,680 --> 00:06:04,200 Speaker 1: know Tom Schultz did? I'm pretty sure all of them did, 107 00:06:04,680 --> 00:06:07,880 Speaker 1: because Schultz was the guitar genius who kind of built 108 00:06:07,880 --> 00:06:10,239 Speaker 1: a bunch of equipment along the way, and very technically 109 00:06:10,320 --> 00:06:13,560 Speaker 1: minded guy and very kind of creepy and sad. What 110 00:06:13,600 --> 00:06:15,920 Speaker 1: happened to the lead singer? Oh? I don't know about that. 111 00:06:15,960 --> 00:06:17,960 Speaker 1: You'll have to tell me um later on. Yeah, yeah, 112 00:06:18,000 --> 00:06:19,560 Speaker 1: this is a shorty, so you can just google that 113 00:06:19,600 --> 00:06:23,040 Speaker 1: if you're interested in people. So should we take a break? 114 00:06:23,040 --> 00:06:25,760 Speaker 1: I guess yeah sure. I think we kind of buildup 115 00:06:25,800 --> 00:06:28,440 Speaker 1: a cliffhanger, like why what happened? Like what how did 116 00:06:28,440 --> 00:06:32,800 Speaker 1: our our goose bumps get hijacked? For when something emotional happened, 117 00:06:32,880 --> 00:06:36,400 Speaker 1: specifically when we're at a live concert watching Boston. Yeah, 118 00:06:36,560 --> 00:06:38,080 Speaker 1: and did they all go to M I T? And 119 00:06:38,080 --> 00:07:02,960 Speaker 1: we'll find all this out right after this? All right, 120 00:07:03,120 --> 00:07:06,320 Speaker 1: so there's a guy. Uh, well, there's been a few 121 00:07:06,320 --> 00:07:08,400 Speaker 1: studies about this before we get to the guy. There 122 00:07:08,480 --> 00:07:13,960 Speaker 1: was a study in January in Biological psychology, and a 123 00:07:13,960 --> 00:07:17,480 Speaker 1: big shout out to Jennifer Walker Journey of postal works 124 00:07:17,520 --> 00:07:20,840 Speaker 1: dot com for the help with this. But uh, they 125 00:07:20,880 --> 00:07:22,920 Speaker 1: did a test where they basically said, hey, let's see 126 00:07:23,280 --> 00:07:26,840 Speaker 1: what kind of goose bumps, what they called subjective chills 127 00:07:27,480 --> 00:07:29,160 Speaker 1: we could get out of people if we sit them 128 00:07:29,200 --> 00:07:31,200 Speaker 1: down and introduce them or at least let them here 129 00:07:31,280 --> 00:07:34,920 Speaker 1: certain musics, and they chose a couple. I'm sure they 130 00:07:35,000 --> 00:07:38,040 Speaker 1: chose a bunch, but the two highlighted here are Saline 131 00:07:38,080 --> 00:07:41,640 Speaker 1: Dion's My Heart Will Go On and they called it 132 00:07:41,680 --> 00:07:46,280 Speaker 1: a chill ratio of f and a pilo or p 133 00:07:46,440 --> 00:07:50,440 Speaker 1: low erection ratio of fourteen percent. So four like goose 134 00:07:50,480 --> 00:07:53,760 Speaker 1: bumps of fourteen percent. Not not bad. Four of the 135 00:07:53,800 --> 00:07:56,320 Speaker 1: participants got goose bumps listening to that song, right, I 136 00:07:56,320 --> 00:07:59,600 Speaker 1: think that's what that means. Yeah, but what's next. What's 137 00:07:59,640 --> 00:08:02,080 Speaker 1: next is it's not even fair. They brought out the 138 00:08:02,120 --> 00:08:06,640 Speaker 1: big guns and they dropped purple rain on everybody. Not bad, 139 00:08:06,960 --> 00:08:11,559 Speaker 1: and unsurprisingly Purple Rain scored a one chill ratio. Every 140 00:08:11,600 --> 00:08:14,440 Speaker 1: single person in that study listening to Purple ring Head 141 00:08:14,440 --> 00:08:18,520 Speaker 1: shivers up and down their spine, and half got goose bumps. 142 00:08:18,600 --> 00:08:21,400 Speaker 1: And I can tell you the exact moment in that 143 00:08:21,440 --> 00:08:24,320 Speaker 1: song when everyone got chills and goose bumps, when Prince 144 00:08:24,320 --> 00:08:27,120 Speaker 1: starts whaling at the end, Honey, I know, I know, 145 00:08:27,280 --> 00:08:30,960 Speaker 1: I know, um vocally whaling or guitar whaling, vocally whaling 146 00:08:31,600 --> 00:08:34,040 Speaker 1: when he comes in and joins like his guitar and 147 00:08:34,080 --> 00:08:36,640 Speaker 1: it actually it just kind of comes out of nowhere, 148 00:08:36,640 --> 00:08:39,800 Speaker 1: but it fits so perfectly. And that actually really jibes 149 00:08:39,880 --> 00:08:42,840 Speaker 1: with research that a lot of um, a lot of 150 00:08:43,000 --> 00:08:46,400 Speaker 1: the things that give us goose bumps or chills down 151 00:08:46,400 --> 00:08:49,760 Speaker 1: our spine are when some sort of solo vocal or 152 00:08:49,840 --> 00:08:54,120 Speaker 1: instrument emerges from a more complex musical background. And that's 153 00:08:54,120 --> 00:08:57,680 Speaker 1: about as good an example of that as you're gonna find. Yeah, 154 00:08:57,720 --> 00:08:59,480 Speaker 1: And that to me is like a really cool thing. 155 00:08:59,720 --> 00:09:03,640 Speaker 1: Is Uh. There's this guy named Mitchell Culver who I 156 00:09:03,640 --> 00:09:05,280 Speaker 1: don't know I how stuff works. Got in touch with him. 157 00:09:05,280 --> 00:09:07,839 Speaker 1: They used to do interviews and stuff, but he was 158 00:09:07,880 --> 00:09:11,600 Speaker 1: an instructor. May still be at Utah State university, and 159 00:09:11,679 --> 00:09:14,240 Speaker 1: he studied a lot of this stuff and basically said, 160 00:09:14,280 --> 00:09:16,679 Speaker 1: you know, you have and and he put it very 161 00:09:16,679 --> 00:09:20,439 Speaker 1: simplistically by saying like you have two brains essentially, but 162 00:09:20,640 --> 00:09:22,600 Speaker 1: he he broke it down into thinking like you have 163 00:09:22,640 --> 00:09:25,240 Speaker 1: your sort of emotional brain and then you're sort of 164 00:09:25,360 --> 00:09:29,000 Speaker 1: rational thinking brain, and your emotional brain is still that 165 00:09:29,120 --> 00:09:33,880 Speaker 1: sort of uh, you know, evolutionarily wired took took brain 166 00:09:34,800 --> 00:09:37,440 Speaker 1: and it's it's still you know, even though we're walking 167 00:09:37,440 --> 00:09:40,360 Speaker 1: around in modern society, it's still sort of always aware 168 00:09:40,440 --> 00:09:43,320 Speaker 1: and looking out for anything that might be a bad 169 00:09:43,360 --> 00:09:46,560 Speaker 1: thing for you, whether it's a threat or a hole 170 00:09:46,600 --> 00:09:49,200 Speaker 1: in the sidewalk, or like you when you were a kid, 171 00:09:49,280 --> 00:09:51,520 Speaker 1: you'd walk into a room and identify the weapons like 172 00:09:51,520 --> 00:09:55,040 Speaker 1: you were Jason bod or something like that. Right, So 173 00:09:55,160 --> 00:09:59,200 Speaker 1: the thing is, while you're constantly looking for those threats, um, 174 00:09:59,240 --> 00:10:01,600 Speaker 1: eventually you mine one once in a while, or you 175 00:10:01,640 --> 00:10:05,120 Speaker 1: think you do UM Because we're still wired to be 176 00:10:05,240 --> 00:10:08,720 Speaker 1: worried about the the original threats that were a problem 177 00:10:08,840 --> 00:10:12,320 Speaker 1: for humans and then our animal ancestors. So very often 178 00:10:12,360 --> 00:10:15,240 Speaker 1: when we see something, we're startled or we we perceive 179 00:10:15,280 --> 00:10:18,280 Speaker 1: it as a threat with our emotional brain after a 180 00:10:18,280 --> 00:10:22,560 Speaker 1: beat or so, when our thinking brain are more evolved, 181 00:10:22,559 --> 00:10:26,040 Speaker 1: conscious brain comes in and analyzes situations like calm down, 182 00:10:26,040 --> 00:10:28,880 Speaker 1: calm down, it's not even a threat, and that after 183 00:10:28,920 --> 00:10:32,000 Speaker 1: that point there's attention that was built up that's now 184 00:10:32,080 --> 00:10:35,640 Speaker 1: released and it usually kind of feels pretty good. So 185 00:10:36,040 --> 00:10:40,079 Speaker 1: Culvert has linked that to why we would get goose 186 00:10:40,080 --> 00:10:43,920 Speaker 1: bumps or the chills with music, and I think it's 187 00:10:43,920 --> 00:10:47,080 Speaker 1: a good theory. My problem with this, at least in 188 00:10:47,120 --> 00:10:50,439 Speaker 1: this article is it's presented as if like this is done, 189 00:10:50,520 --> 00:10:52,800 Speaker 1: We've done all the research and this is the answer 190 00:10:53,120 --> 00:10:55,800 Speaker 1: we we know now, and that's absolutely not the case. 191 00:10:55,880 --> 00:10:57,920 Speaker 1: Like this is a this is a theory. It's a hypothesis. 192 00:10:57,960 --> 00:11:00,200 Speaker 1: It is a good one, but it's not. It's not 193 00:11:00,440 --> 00:11:03,120 Speaker 1: that's it, Like everyone just agrees that that's what's going 194 00:11:03,160 --> 00:11:06,440 Speaker 1: on now. I completely agree. Um, And you know you 195 00:11:06,480 --> 00:11:10,280 Speaker 1: mentioned the fact that like a uh, sort of harmonies 196 00:11:10,360 --> 00:11:13,680 Speaker 1: coming out of nowhere, or when Prince's voice s melds 197 00:11:13,760 --> 00:11:17,320 Speaker 1: with that guitar solo or something that is sort of 198 00:11:17,360 --> 00:11:21,680 Speaker 1: the unexpected thing that can draw the or I guess 199 00:11:21,920 --> 00:11:24,760 Speaker 1: build a bridge between the two brains as far as 200 00:11:24,840 --> 00:11:27,480 Speaker 1: Culver is concerned. Uh and The key of it all though, 201 00:11:27,600 --> 00:11:30,959 Speaker 1: is in in modern humans, like getting those pleasurable goose bumps, 202 00:11:31,360 --> 00:11:34,040 Speaker 1: and not because you're like afraid or something, is because 203 00:11:34,040 --> 00:11:36,760 Speaker 1: you actually get a dopamine hit when you're getting that 204 00:11:37,040 --> 00:11:41,640 Speaker 1: aesthetic uh set of goose bumps. Yes, But Culver and 205 00:11:41,880 --> 00:11:44,520 Speaker 1: people who subscribed to this hypothesis I think are putting 206 00:11:44,559 --> 00:11:47,640 Speaker 1: like the cart before the horse, because they're saying, when 207 00:11:47,760 --> 00:11:50,760 Speaker 1: your brain resolves that it's not actually an issue, you 208 00:11:50,880 --> 00:11:54,680 Speaker 1: get a dump of dopamine. I think the dopamine comes 209 00:11:54,679 --> 00:11:57,720 Speaker 1: from something else. I don't think that's necessarily what it is, 210 00:11:57,760 --> 00:12:00,880 Speaker 1: because I think you can be surprised, startled, and then 211 00:12:01,160 --> 00:12:05,160 Speaker 1: you know, realize you you were. You know that's that's 212 00:12:05,160 --> 00:12:07,839 Speaker 1: actually not a deadly spider, it's a Fisher Price little person. 213 00:12:08,240 --> 00:12:12,240 Speaker 1: You don't get like some dump of dopamine over that. Um. 214 00:12:12,280 --> 00:12:13,880 Speaker 1: So I think that there's something else too, and it 215 00:12:13,920 --> 00:12:18,679 Speaker 1: seems to be specifically coming from again, an emotionally evocative 216 00:12:19,240 --> 00:12:22,120 Speaker 1: song or seen in a movie or something like that, 217 00:12:22,160 --> 00:12:24,240 Speaker 1: and it has to be a certain kind of emotion too. 218 00:12:24,520 --> 00:12:28,640 Speaker 1: Anger doesn't necessarily do it. It's usually something sad or 219 00:12:28,720 --> 00:12:33,000 Speaker 1: something deeply like romantic, or something really hopeful just something 220 00:12:33,840 --> 00:12:37,200 Speaker 1: something that's not like just like negative through and through 221 00:12:38,160 --> 00:12:40,600 Speaker 1: interesting because I feel like I get chill bumps, like 222 00:12:40,640 --> 00:12:43,640 Speaker 1: in a movie more when it's like sort of a 223 00:12:43,720 --> 00:12:48,000 Speaker 1: chilling reveal of something and I'm like, oh my gosh, 224 00:12:48,080 --> 00:12:50,400 Speaker 1: that's what was going on that kind of thing. Okay, Well, 225 00:12:50,400 --> 00:12:53,360 Speaker 1: that would definitely drive with Culver's hypothesis that it's that 226 00:12:53,679 --> 00:12:56,600 Speaker 1: you anticipate one thing, or your brain thinks of one thing. 227 00:12:56,880 --> 00:13:00,160 Speaker 1: When it changes your your emotional brain gets scared. It's 228 00:13:00,160 --> 00:13:02,679 Speaker 1: a threat because, as he points out, like our our 229 00:13:02,760 --> 00:13:06,160 Speaker 1: emotional brain there's no such thing as a pleasant surprise 230 00:13:06,240 --> 00:13:08,720 Speaker 1: to it, and so when it gets startled, we're afraid. 231 00:13:08,880 --> 00:13:10,600 Speaker 1: And then our thinking brain comes in it's like no, no, 232 00:13:10,679 --> 00:13:14,480 Speaker 1: it's beautiful music. Um. Again, it's a good hypothesis. I 233 00:13:14,480 --> 00:13:18,000 Speaker 1: don't necessarily subscribe to the whole thing. But it doesn't 234 00:13:18,000 --> 00:13:20,120 Speaker 1: seem like he's just you know, pulled this out of 235 00:13:20,160 --> 00:13:23,440 Speaker 1: his hat and like that's it. Like he's definitely tested 236 00:13:23,440 --> 00:13:25,400 Speaker 1: it and written papers on it and all of that. 237 00:13:25,760 --> 00:13:28,080 Speaker 1: It's just not settled, I guess, is what I'm trying 238 00:13:28,080 --> 00:13:32,360 Speaker 1: to say. Like I saw another another hypothesis by guy 239 00:13:32,480 --> 00:13:37,120 Speaker 1: Um named Jock J. A. K. Pond skip Um, which 240 00:13:37,160 --> 00:13:40,080 Speaker 1: is a wonderful name, and they wrote a study in 241 00:13:40,120 --> 00:13:44,200 Speaker 1: two thousand eleven and their hypothesis was that um that 242 00:13:44,440 --> 00:13:47,960 Speaker 1: that solo voice like Prince wailing at the end of 243 00:13:47,960 --> 00:13:51,600 Speaker 1: of Purple Rain or like a really great you know 244 00:13:51,679 --> 00:13:55,480 Speaker 1: oboe solo emerging out of nowhere because he's expecting that 245 00:13:55,559 --> 00:13:59,559 Speaker 1: right that that it mimics a separation call, and that 246 00:13:59,679 --> 00:14:02,640 Speaker 1: it riggers that sense of loss. That um that is 247 00:14:03,200 --> 00:14:06,120 Speaker 1: just completely ingrained in us from the you know, millions 248 00:14:06,120 --> 00:14:08,760 Speaker 1: of years of natural history that we're tuned to listen 249 00:14:08,760 --> 00:14:12,160 Speaker 1: out for that, and that that's what's what's triggering that 250 00:14:12,160 --> 00:14:15,400 Speaker 1: that chill or that response. I like that. I like 251 00:14:15,520 --> 00:14:19,680 Speaker 1: that one too. I think I'm out. Oh yeah, are 252 00:14:19,680 --> 00:14:23,640 Speaker 1: you on the Jack Pan Skip train? Yeah? I think so. 253 00:14:23,680 --> 00:14:27,000 Speaker 1: I've got nothing more. Oh, I see what you're saying. Okay, great, 254 00:14:27,120 --> 00:14:29,240 Speaker 1: all right, Well then that's it for short stuff. Okay, 255 00:14:30,040 --> 00:14:35,600 Speaker 1: we're out. Stuff you should know is a production of 256 00:14:35,600 --> 00:14:38,920 Speaker 1: I Heart Radio. For more podcasts my heart Radio, visit 257 00:14:38,960 --> 00:14:41,760 Speaker 1: the I heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you 258 00:14:41,840 --> 00:14:43,120 Speaker 1: listen to your favorite shows.