WEBVTT - Illusions and Light 0:00:03.800 --> 0:00:06.680 Welcome to Stuff to Blow Your Mind from how stuff 0:00:06.720 --> 0:00:14.160 Works dot com. Hey, welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind. 0:00:14.280 --> 0:00:16.640 My name is Robert Lamb and my name is Julie Douglas. 0:00:16.960 --> 0:00:20.200 And this week we have been super busy on a 0:00:20.320 --> 0:00:22.919 new and exciting product. Do you want to tell everybody 0:00:22.960 --> 0:00:25.319 what this is? Yes, it is something called Stuff to 0:00:25.440 --> 0:00:28.840 Blow Your Kid's Mind, and it's a video series. It's 0:00:28.840 --> 0:00:32.040 being sponsored by B A s F. And we have 0:00:32.159 --> 0:00:35.560 been hard at work along with our video crew here, 0:00:36.159 --> 0:00:39.440 immensely talented video crew, I should say. We've been just 0:00:39.479 --> 0:00:43.440 putting together episodes that are based on experiments out there 0:00:43.479 --> 0:00:45.720 that kids do and then kind of talking about the 0:00:45.840 --> 0:00:49.720 ramifications of the you know, physics or the science behind 0:00:49.720 --> 0:00:53.440 those experiments in our daily lives. And it's been really cool. Yeah. Well, 0:00:53.720 --> 0:00:56.240 we've put together ten of these puppies in an absurdly 0:00:56.280 --> 0:00:58.760 short period of time, but we're really excited about the 0:00:58.760 --> 0:01:01.920 product because each one is three segments. The first segment 0:01:01.960 --> 0:01:04.360 is that experiment where we do, like sometimes it's something 0:01:04.400 --> 0:01:07.200 as simple as a science lab volcano kind of a thing, 0:01:07.400 --> 0:01:10.800 or rubbing a balloon on your hair making it stick up, 0:01:11.360 --> 0:01:14.039 which was pretty awesome because that's not something I normally 0:01:14.080 --> 0:01:16.839 do to your hair. It's not so In the first segment, 0:01:16.880 --> 0:01:19.200 we conduct these experiments, and then we do two additional 0:01:19.240 --> 0:01:21.760 segments where we really get into the stuff to blow 0:01:21.800 --> 0:01:24.600 your mind kind of territory with these experiments and talk 0:01:24.600 --> 0:01:28.080 about how the properties that are illustrated in the experiment 0:01:28.400 --> 0:01:31.679 relate to you and how they relate you to the cosmos. 0:01:32.000 --> 0:01:33.680 That's what's really going to be exciting about them is 0:01:33.720 --> 0:01:36.640 that we kick off with something potentially a little explosive, 0:01:36.680 --> 0:01:39.280 potentially a little goofy, and then we we try and 0:01:39.319 --> 0:01:41.959 bring you to that wow moment. And we hope we 0:01:42.000 --> 0:01:43.600 do this. We hope the kids really like it that 0:01:43.600 --> 0:01:46.360 they don't throw tomatoes with their iPod screens. But I 0:01:46.360 --> 0:01:48.800 think you know, if your parent watch them and you 0:01:48.800 --> 0:01:51.120 can cheat, you can watch it on your own time 0:01:51.160 --> 0:01:52.840 and then pretend that you knew all this when you 0:01:52.880 --> 0:01:55.120 do the experiment with your kid. We don't mind. So 0:01:55.200 --> 0:01:57.080 we thought we would take some of the elements that 0:01:57.120 --> 0:02:00.600 we talked about and and bring them to you. Guys thought, well, 0:02:00.720 --> 0:02:03.400 this is interesting stuff, like you know, what about roinbows 0:02:03.560 --> 0:02:06.520 and why is the sky blue? And what about the 0:02:06.520 --> 0:02:09.760 aurora borealis and all the other weird things that happens 0:02:09.800 --> 0:02:14.880 with light and uh, liquids and refraction. Yeah, I mean, 0:02:15.000 --> 0:02:16.919 all this information is just gonna drain out out of 0:02:16.919 --> 0:02:18.760 our brains anyway, So as long as it's up there, 0:02:18.919 --> 0:02:21.120 we might as well throw it out a podcast. It 0:02:21.200 --> 0:02:25.120 is fascinating information because we're dealing with On one level, 0:02:25.600 --> 0:02:27.200 we live in a world of light. We have our 0:02:27.240 --> 0:02:30.240 sun beaming all this light to the earth. Light is 0:02:30.280 --> 0:02:33.320 the means by which we visually sense the world around us. 0:02:33.440 --> 0:02:35.760 But everything is not quite what it seems. We perceive 0:02:35.840 --> 0:02:38.360 things in a certain way and then we end up 0:02:38.720 --> 0:02:42.200 accepting that that is reality. But there are a number 0:02:42.200 --> 0:02:44.240 of ways that we can sort of see through the 0:02:44.280 --> 0:02:47.360 behaviors of light and gain a little more insight exactly 0:02:47.360 --> 0:02:49.120 what's going on. But before we do that, I want 0:02:49.120 --> 0:02:51.720 to talk about sunlight itself, because you know, we all 0:02:51.720 --> 0:02:53.799 take it for granted. It's beaming down gives us a 0:02:53.880 --> 0:02:58.720 nice sunburn or I don't know, warms up sunburn. Yeah, yeah, 0:02:58.840 --> 0:03:02.040 warms us up on the cold day. Um okay, yeah, 0:03:02.040 --> 0:03:03.919 it's not the seventies. It doesn't really give us a 0:03:04.000 --> 0:03:07.360 nice sunburn. Hopefully it doesn't. I think that we should 0:03:07.400 --> 0:03:10.960 talk about the photons and how they emerge from the sun. Right, 0:03:11.000 --> 0:03:13.240 what we think of light, or it's easy to think 0:03:13.280 --> 0:03:15.880 of light is instantaneous, you know, you flip in the 0:03:16.000 --> 0:03:19.360 light switch and then light is there. But sunlight is 0:03:19.400 --> 0:03:22.480 traveling from the Sun to the Earth. These photons that 0:03:22.560 --> 0:03:25.799 make up light are traveling through space and they are 0:03:25.840 --> 0:03:28.880 bombarding us, bouncing off of us. In fact, when they 0:03:28.919 --> 0:03:31.440 hit us. It turns out that we know how long 0:03:31.480 --> 0:03:34.160 it takes for the stream of light to actually hit 0:03:34.200 --> 0:03:36.040 the Earth. We know this because we know the distance 0:03:36.080 --> 0:03:38.040 from the Earth to the Sun. We know the speed 0:03:38.040 --> 0:03:40.840 of light, so it only takes eight minutes and twenty 0:03:40.840 --> 0:03:44.240 seconds for us to reach us after traveling what ninety 0:03:44.480 --> 0:03:47.880 million miles or something. But I think it is absolutely fascinating. 0:03:48.440 --> 0:03:50.080 So so if you were to turn the sun off, 0:03:50.160 --> 0:03:52.320 it would be eight minutes before you'd really get the 0:03:52.360 --> 0:03:54.600 idea that, whoa, the sun is off, because now the 0:03:54.680 --> 0:03:56.320 light is run out. Yeah, yeah, you'd have a slight 0:03:56.360 --> 0:04:00.000 delay there, right uh, And it would be terrifying. Who 0:04:00.000 --> 0:04:02.960 in the sun off? But here's a really cool thing too, 0:04:03.320 --> 0:04:07.320 that those photons are actually kicking around in the sun 0:04:07.640 --> 0:04:10.280 for about me There are different accounts on this, but 0:04:10.320 --> 0:04:13.680 anywhere from like ten thousand years to you know, twenty 0:04:13.760 --> 0:04:16.640 thousand years before they get to emerge to the surface 0:04:16.720 --> 0:04:19.000 of the Sun and then make that eight minute and 0:04:19.040 --> 0:04:21.559 twenty second journey. And the reason for that is because 0:04:21.560 --> 0:04:24.359 when a photon is in the center of the Sun, 0:04:24.760 --> 0:04:30.080 it's just sort of getting pinball machined around, reabsorbed, emitted, reabsorbed, admitted, 0:04:30.080 --> 0:04:32.720 reabsorbed admitted. So you know that when that photon gets 0:04:32.760 --> 0:04:35.080 the surface, it's like, oh, finally, Yeah, it's like it's 0:04:35.080 --> 0:04:36.599 in the sun. It's kind of like a like a 0:04:36.640 --> 0:04:38.800 boxer before match in the back, just kind of like 0:04:38.839 --> 0:04:40.440 punch in the air, you know, doing a little shadow 0:04:40.480 --> 0:04:42.240 box and like, let's do this, getting pumped up and 0:04:42.240 --> 0:04:45.760 then wham, finally, after after this immense amount of time, 0:04:46.040 --> 0:04:49.240 launched towards the Earth, rips through the atmosphere and then 0:04:49.320 --> 0:04:51.520 slams into like a little solar power on top of 0:04:51.520 --> 0:04:53.840 one of those plastic squirrels that you see people put 0:04:53.920 --> 0:04:57.720 their their lawn that glow and photo that and now 0:04:57.760 --> 0:04:59.680 the journey is ended. Yeah, and then they probably talk 0:04:59.720 --> 0:05:01.839 about all those years I powered the heck out of 0:05:01.839 --> 0:05:04.880 that squirrel. What where I'm gonna end up squirrel, a 0:05:05.880 --> 0:05:08.120 sellar squirrel. But anyway, we thought that was kind of 0:05:08.120 --> 0:05:09.800 cool to share with you guys, and we thought that 0:05:09.839 --> 0:05:12.400 would help to talk a little bit more about these 0:05:12.400 --> 0:05:16.640 other what seemed like optical illusions, rainbows and our blue 0:05:16.640 --> 0:05:19.400 sky above. Well, let's get into rainbows. A scientist by 0:05:19.400 --> 0:05:22.240 the name of Kermit T. Frog once the rainbows or 0:05:22.400 --> 0:05:25.719 visions but only illusions, and rainbows have nothing to hide. 0:05:25.720 --> 0:05:27.800 Do rainbows really have nothing to hide? That pot of 0:05:27.839 --> 0:05:29.920 gold I've yet to find it. Well, yes, that's true. 0:05:29.920 --> 0:05:33.080 And we were discussing earlier if rainbows really did rise 0:05:33.120 --> 0:05:34.640 from a pot of gold, does that mean there are 0:05:34.640 --> 0:05:37.320 two pots of gold, two pots of lepricn gold on 0:05:37.360 --> 0:05:40.760 the earth at any given time to facilitate rainbow. And 0:05:40.800 --> 0:05:43.320 if there's only one pot of gold, the rainbow can't 0:05:43.600 --> 0:05:46.039 have two in here. Here's where I'm gonna shatter that 0:05:46.200 --> 0:05:50.400 the pot of gold question for you all together. Rainbows 0:05:50.400 --> 0:05:53.359 actually appear as halos, not these sort of half arcs 0:05:53.360 --> 0:05:56.719 that we see. Yeah. Yeah, so if you were to 0:05:56.800 --> 0:05:59.000 go above the clouds and look down, you would see 0:05:59.680 --> 0:06:03.080 that rainbow is actually a halo, a circle, a giant one, 0:06:03.200 --> 0:06:05.480 and when we're here in the ground we look up 0:06:05.560 --> 0:06:08.760 the horizon, we're only seeing a portion of that because 0:06:08.760 --> 0:06:11.239 of course we don't have, first of all, the inner 0:06:11.279 --> 0:06:14.280 machinery to try to perceive that, and sort of the 0:06:14.320 --> 0:06:17.320 Earth is kind of in our way, blocking our view 0:06:17.360 --> 0:06:21.000 of that entire halo. You know, occasionally will you'll even 0:06:21.000 --> 0:06:24.400 see an inverted rainbow. Were aware of this. I've heard 0:06:24.400 --> 0:06:27.400 of this. It's crazy, and it's caused by sunlight shining 0:06:27.440 --> 0:06:32.240 through atmospheric ice crystals. It's rarely encountered. At latitudes far 0:06:32.320 --> 0:06:35.320 from the Earth's poles, we have these upside down rainbows 0:06:35.560 --> 0:06:37.800 where the sunlight shines through these tiny ice crystals too 0:06:37.839 --> 0:06:40.800 high altitude clouds, and it creates this. I guess you 0:06:40.800 --> 0:06:42.400 think of it as like a smiley face. It's turning 0:06:42.440 --> 0:06:45.160 the frown at the rainbow upside down. It's beautiful. It is. 0:06:45.880 --> 0:06:49.599 Let's talk about this process. This bending of light, or 0:06:50.120 --> 0:06:52.679 as you have referred to it before, is shattering white 0:06:52.760 --> 0:06:55.279 light seeing what it's made of. So think of it 0:06:55.279 --> 0:06:59.159 this way. White light is a lie and and the 0:06:59.240 --> 0:07:03.000 raindrop or a prism or any kind of prism like device, 0:07:03.279 --> 0:07:05.560 it takes that white light and it breaks it up. 0:07:06.000 --> 0:07:08.520 We're breaking it up with with some droplets and turning 0:07:08.520 --> 0:07:12.440 it into the seven different wavelengths and make it up right. 0:07:12.480 --> 0:07:14.440 So there are seven components of light and you may 0:07:14.560 --> 0:07:17.280 know them as roy g BIV. You probably learned that 0:07:17.280 --> 0:07:21.000 in school. Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. 0:07:21.120 --> 0:07:23.960 And they all have different wavelengths. So when they've bend, 0:07:24.080 --> 0:07:27.280 they all kind of behave differently, and you've got red 0:07:27.520 --> 0:07:31.600 right and violet book ending the colors and rainbow and 0:07:31.680 --> 0:07:34.000 red is the strongest while violet is just a it's 0:07:34.000 --> 0:07:36.520 a little bit hazier. Okay. I was that roy g 0:07:36.600 --> 0:07:40.360 BIV would be a good name for a leprechn too. Yeah. 0:07:40.400 --> 0:07:43.960 I can see it on his little outfit like his 0:07:44.160 --> 0:07:47.240 like his his name tag, like he's a convention. Yeah, 0:07:47.360 --> 0:07:50.679 I'm sure it's been done. There's also a really great 0:07:50.760 --> 0:07:55.080 Boards of Canada track called roy g BIV. There. So 0:07:55.160 --> 0:07:57.080 think about that. You think about that prism. You think 0:07:57.080 --> 0:07:59.520 about this rain drops up in the sky acting as 0:07:59.600 --> 0:08:03.600 tiny prisms and refracting that light. And then you know 0:08:03.680 --> 0:08:06.720 that light bouncing off the side of that rain drop 0:08:07.120 --> 0:08:11.280 and then further refracting it and reflecting it. And that's 0:08:11.280 --> 0:08:14.360 why you get this like incredibly cool vision in the sky. 0:08:14.560 --> 0:08:17.760 You know what, other skies may have rainbows in our 0:08:17.800 --> 0:08:21.840 solar system. What if you traveled to Saturn's moon Titan, 0:08:22.000 --> 0:08:24.080 scientists think you might be able to see a rainbow 0:08:24.120 --> 0:08:27.640 because it boths both sunlight and water droplets. So it 0:08:27.680 --> 0:08:30.080 could happen, we can hear. Yeah, yeah, So if you 0:08:30.080 --> 0:08:34.920 travel to Titan, keep a lookout. Okay, so that gives 0:08:34.960 --> 0:08:37.719 us some insight into rainbows. When we come back from 0:08:37.720 --> 0:08:40.440 our break, we're going to ask the question why is 0:08:40.440 --> 0:08:47.680 the sky blue? And we're back, why is it the 0:08:47.679 --> 0:08:50.400 sky blue? I believe it was the magician comedian Night 0:08:50.440 --> 0:08:53.559 Court star Harry Anderson who answered this question by saying, 0:08:53.760 --> 0:08:55.959 if the sky were green, we wouldn't know when to 0:08:56.000 --> 0:08:59.720 stop mowing. That's right, which is a valid commentary on 0:09:00.080 --> 0:09:02.800 the optical world. But it's it's actually a little more 0:09:02.840 --> 0:09:05.400 complicated than that. The reason that the sky is blue 0:09:05.600 --> 0:09:10.719 relates right back to these different wavelengths in light. That's right. 0:09:10.920 --> 0:09:15.640 So atoms, molecules and particles and atmosphere absorb and scatter light. Okay, 0:09:15.720 --> 0:09:18.480 so we're going to talk not specifically like we were 0:09:18.559 --> 0:09:21.079 with the rainbow, but we're talking about that huge expanse 0:09:21.160 --> 0:09:24.400 of blue sky above us. And again we're talking about 0:09:24.400 --> 0:09:27.679 the components of light roy g biv and those different 0:09:27.720 --> 0:09:31.960 wavelengths that scattered throughout the atmosphere, which means that some 0:09:32.080 --> 0:09:35.360 are better spotted by our eyes than others, and this 0:09:35.440 --> 0:09:40.360 is called Raleigh scattering. Shorter wavelengths like blue and violet 0:09:40.440 --> 0:09:43.800 actually scatter a lot more than long ones when particles 0:09:43.800 --> 0:09:48.000 like oxygen and nitrogen molecules are relatively small. Okay, so 0:09:48.120 --> 0:09:52.800 that's why blue and violet are pretty much dominating the 0:09:52.880 --> 0:09:55.120 sky for us, because that's what we're perceiving. It's what 0:09:55.240 --> 0:09:59.280 scatters throughout that atmosphere. But I mean, you probably are 0:09:59.200 --> 0:10:01.360 asking the question, if that's the case, then why don't 0:10:01.360 --> 0:10:03.280 I look up at a sky that's all sort of 0:10:03.360 --> 0:10:06.240 monet you know, blue and purple splot Why do I 0:10:06.320 --> 0:10:09.120 get that one color? And it comes down to the 0:10:09.160 --> 0:10:11.480 limits of our our eyes and the limits of our 0:10:11.480 --> 0:10:14.120 brain to process all of this information. Yeah, because the 0:10:14.160 --> 0:10:17.400 cones in our eye seen overlap in these two colors. 0:10:17.679 --> 0:10:20.559 I mean, it's really again limitations of machinery that we have. 0:10:21.120 --> 0:10:23.360 So it's sort of like our eyes are interpreting this 0:10:23.520 --> 0:10:26.920 information for us. And saying, Okay, this must be this 0:10:27.000 --> 0:10:31.640 one color blue. And I love this idea that almost 0:10:31.679 --> 0:10:35.560 within our brain we have a painter mixing these colors, 0:10:35.840 --> 0:10:39.000 the blue and the purple and white and coming up 0:10:39.040 --> 0:10:41.719 with this blue sky for us. Yeah, that's kind of 0:10:41.760 --> 0:10:44.880 simplifying the process. It's like, what do we have coming in, Well, 0:10:44.880 --> 0:10:47.040 there's a little violet. We're just gonna call it blue, 0:10:47.160 --> 0:10:49.640 you know, simplify things. We've got enough to worry about. 0:10:49.720 --> 0:10:52.640 Since wise we're not about the sky. It's really not 0:10:52.720 --> 0:10:54.600 doing much for you. Yeah, this brain is taking up 0:10:54.600 --> 0:10:57.320 a lot of energy as it is. Let's just say blue. 0:10:58.000 --> 0:11:00.000 And then it's so cool to think that every single 0:11:00.120 --> 0:11:03.040 day you get a different shade of this this painterly blue, 0:11:03.080 --> 0:11:06.040 depending on how cloudy is, how much sun there is. 0:11:07.000 --> 0:11:09.720 I find it fascinating. I remember always finding like a 0:11:09.760 --> 0:11:12.319 really blue sky kind of depressing, Like I'm more of 0:11:12.360 --> 0:11:15.599 a cloud guy, like a like a nice cloudy overcast day, 0:11:15.760 --> 0:11:17.959 or even if it's I mean, I like sunlight as 0:11:18.040 --> 0:11:20.440 much of the next guy, and my body needs it. 0:11:20.679 --> 0:11:22.120 But even then I like, I like a sun with 0:11:22.160 --> 0:11:24.840 a little clouds mixing it up, but like a really 0:11:25.840 --> 0:11:30.160 endlessly blue monotonously blue sky is there's something just kind 0:11:30.160 --> 0:11:32.920 of weighs on you. Okay, here's the weird thing, Robert Lamb, 0:11:33.520 --> 0:11:37.000 you wear blue all the time, sky blue. In fact, 0:11:37.000 --> 0:11:38.880 you're wearing it right now. You don't wear the same 0:11:38.880 --> 0:11:41.080 blue shirt every day, but you have like ten of 0:11:41.160 --> 0:11:44.440 that was that verious shell. Yeah, well that's a color 0:11:44.440 --> 0:11:46.319 that looks good at me, I'm told by my wife. 0:11:46.360 --> 0:11:49.440 So but but or maybe that's the thing. Maybe I 0:11:49.720 --> 0:11:52.160 since I wear blue a lot, I'm a little concerned 0:11:52.200 --> 0:11:55.160 when the sky is dressed the same as me. You're 0:11:55.200 --> 0:11:57.959 afraid that someone's gonna a bird, is gonna mistake you 0:11:58.000 --> 0:12:00.360 for this guy, or they just look at that guy. 0:12:00.440 --> 0:12:02.240 He's in the sky addressed the same. They're just a 0:12:02.280 --> 0:12:06.240 couple of twinkies. Alright. So one other quickie for you guys. 0:12:06.520 --> 0:12:11.880 Northern lights of those are those dazzling Arctic and Antarctic displays, 0:12:12.360 --> 0:12:16.080 colorful sheets of light transforming the endless winter skies. Right. Yeah. 0:12:16.120 --> 0:12:19.079 If you catch any of the Discovery BBC co production 0:12:19.760 --> 0:12:22.840 Frozen Planet, there's an episode that deals with the northern 0:12:22.920 --> 0:12:25.800 lights and they use some time laps stuff and just 0:12:25.960 --> 0:12:29.640 fabulous filmography to capture the Northern lights, so definitely check 0:12:29.679 --> 0:12:32.000 that out of you for a visual interpretation of what 0:12:32.040 --> 0:12:35.319 we're talking about. Yeah, and these actually form when solar 0:12:35.320 --> 0:12:38.320 particles are thrown out by explosions on the Sun and 0:12:38.360 --> 0:12:41.560 are drawn by the Earth's magnetic field toward the North 0:12:41.600 --> 0:12:46.480 and South Poles, colliding with atmospheric gases to emit photons 0:12:46.640 --> 0:12:50.040 or light particles. And I just found that pretty cool 0:12:50.120 --> 0:12:53.920 to be recently talked about magnets, magnetic fields North and 0:12:53.960 --> 0:12:56.280 South Pole and how all of this sort of helps 0:12:56.360 --> 0:12:58.920 us to not be bombarded by all of the Sun's 0:12:58.960 --> 0:13:02.160 solar junk. But it's very cool to know that it's 0:13:02.160 --> 0:13:05.439 also part of this again, paint release guy in some 0:13:05.520 --> 0:13:08.040 climes of the world. What is kind of sad about 0:13:08.080 --> 0:13:10.440 the Northern lights is that my family, when I was younger, 0:13:10.480 --> 0:13:11.960 we lived in Canada for a little bit. I think 0:13:11.960 --> 0:13:14.160 I mentioned before. We my dad was a dentist up 0:13:14.200 --> 0:13:17.080 in Newfoundland, Canada, so it's pretty far north, and I 0:13:17.160 --> 0:13:19.560 know on at least one occasion, like we went out 0:13:19.600 --> 0:13:22.439 and made a special trip to glimpse the Northern lights 0:13:23.120 --> 0:13:25.400 and supposedly we saw them, but it didn't really make 0:13:25.440 --> 0:13:27.120 I was like in kindergarten at the time, and it 0:13:27.160 --> 0:13:29.240 didn't make a real impression on me, and I don't 0:13:29.280 --> 0:13:31.080 really have a firm memory of what they may have 0:13:31.120 --> 0:13:34.000 looked like. So I've always done that kind of sad 0:13:34.040 --> 0:13:35.240 because people are like, oh, did you get to see 0:13:35.240 --> 0:13:37.880 the Northern Lights? Like, yeah, I did, And what do 0:13:37.880 --> 0:13:39.920 you think I didn't make an impression. I think you 0:13:39.920 --> 0:13:42.720 need to implant a memory there well, to a certain extent, 0:13:42.800 --> 0:13:45.079 I do you know, And this of course we've done 0:13:45.080 --> 0:13:47.520 all podcasts about memory. But but then I your stories 0:13:47.559 --> 0:13:49.440 about us going to see the Northern Lights. So I 0:13:49.480 --> 0:13:52.719 create this vision of my family standing there, and then 0:13:52.760 --> 0:13:55.600 I see these brilliant time laps videos of the Northern Lights, 0:13:55.600 --> 0:13:57.640 so I kind of throw that in there, and then 0:13:57.679 --> 0:14:00.400 I throw this vision of me justlike standing around day dreaming, 0:14:00.400 --> 0:14:02.520 looking at the ground instead of looking up at the 0:14:02.559 --> 0:14:05.080 brilliance in the heavens. Again, that's the thing that I 0:14:05.120 --> 0:14:08.360 find fascinating, is this idea that our brain is interpreting 0:14:08.360 --> 0:14:11.480 the information that we see and it's not really the 0:14:11.559 --> 0:14:14.120 reality always, right, You've got memory, and then you just 0:14:14.160 --> 0:14:17.240 have the limitations of what we've been given or what 0:14:17.360 --> 0:14:21.000 we have evolved with. And so yeah, I mean this 0:14:21.120 --> 0:14:25.280 guy isn't necessarily blue. There's another quick rainbow. In fact, 0:14:25.600 --> 0:14:29.240 the Babylonian goddess Ishtar wears rainbows is kind of a 0:14:29.240 --> 0:14:33.400 fancy necklace and there's a light off. Yeah, and there's 0:14:33.400 --> 0:14:36.200 a delightful rainbow bridge that connects the Norse realms of 0:14:36.280 --> 0:14:39.240 Vascard and mid Guard, which I think they do something 0:14:39.240 --> 0:14:40.760 with that in the Thor comic books in the Thor 0:14:40.920 --> 0:14:42.840 movie as well. You have to take down some of 0:14:42.840 --> 0:14:46.280 that masculine energy there. What a rainbows about? That's what 0:14:46.400 --> 0:14:48.480 we ride our horses over when we trawl up into war, 0:14:49.400 --> 0:14:52.240 trall up into war. I don't know what I'm saying anymore. Uh, well, 0:14:52.280 --> 0:14:53.880 you know what. That's what happens when you do you 0:14:53.960 --> 0:14:56.040 tend videos back to back. Okay, this is some of 0:14:56.080 --> 0:14:57.920 the stuff that we learned, and we may continue to 0:14:57.920 --> 0:15:00.480 bring some other items that we covered as well to 0:15:00.560 --> 0:15:03.840 you guys, but have a lookout for these videos. Also 0:15:03.880 --> 0:15:07.440 wanted to mention that Matt Frederick, our producer here, created 0:15:07.480 --> 0:15:09.720 the music for that and it's really cool indeed, so 0:15:09.800 --> 0:15:11.440 Keeop a look out for those. We'll throw some links 0:15:11.440 --> 0:15:13.360 stuff on the Facebook and the Twitter for sure, so 0:15:13.400 --> 0:15:15.280 that you can view these and show them to your 0:15:15.360 --> 0:15:17.800 kids yourself. Let's call the robot over give us some 0:15:17.880 --> 0:15:23.000 of that sweet listener mail. Here's one from Madeline. Madeline 0:15:23.080 --> 0:15:25.640 rights and says, Hey, Robert and Julie. Just thought I 0:15:25.680 --> 0:15:27.720 would say thanks for all the great podcast I've been 0:15:27.720 --> 0:15:30.040 listening to them and really enjoying them for a while now, 0:15:30.120 --> 0:15:31.600 and I thought it should finally take the time to 0:15:31.600 --> 0:15:34.920 say thanks. I think you guys pick great topics, always 0:15:35.040 --> 0:15:38.040 very interesting and fun. You two can also be quite funny. 0:15:38.240 --> 0:15:40.080 You made me laugh a lot. I like the random 0:15:40.120 --> 0:15:43.320 bits of personal stories and et cetera that sometimes are 0:15:43.400 --> 0:15:46.360 in your podcast. To you both seem very cool. I'm 0:15:46.360 --> 0:15:48.920 a sixteen year old girl from Michigan. Hey, that's uh 0:15:49.080 --> 0:15:53.720 your homestake. I found your podcast on the Zoom marketplace 0:15:53.760 --> 0:15:55.840 a long time ago and have been enjoying them ever since. 0:15:56.240 --> 0:15:59.440 I liked you guys on Facebook. Just now, oh there 0:15:59.440 --> 0:16:02.600 he goes, Just watch the register. Um. I love your photos. 0:16:02.640 --> 0:16:04.480 It's funny to see the faces of people I've been 0:16:04.520 --> 0:16:09.240 listening to for months. You both look great this. I 0:16:09.280 --> 0:16:11.000 hope you guys keep up with great work. I learned 0:16:11.000 --> 0:16:14.000 a lot of interesting stuff listening to your podcast. I'm 0:16:14.000 --> 0:16:16.440 often thinking about it in the boring moments of school 0:16:16.560 --> 0:16:20.240 for days after. Thanks a lot, Matline, very cool, Thanks 0:16:20.240 --> 0:16:22.520 for listening, Melan. I do think that's interesting that, you know, 0:16:23.080 --> 0:16:25.960 we have so many younger listeners and they all sort 0:16:25.960 --> 0:16:28.600 of make that similar statement of you know, it kind 0:16:28.600 --> 0:16:31.800 of helps enrich my my life as I'm sitting in 0:16:31.840 --> 0:16:35.160 school and we just did a podcast on sloth and 0:16:35.200 --> 0:16:38.240 talked about daydreaming. So if we can help your daydreams 0:16:38.240 --> 0:16:41.120 and make them better than that's awesome. Yeah, indeed, So 0:16:41.200 --> 0:16:42.600 if you want to reach out to us, you want 0:16:42.600 --> 0:16:45.040 to connect with us, you can certainly find us on 0:16:45.080 --> 0:16:47.560 Facebook where we are stuff to Blow your Mind, and 0:16:47.560 --> 0:16:49.200 you can also find us on Twitter where we are 0:16:49.240 --> 0:16:51.440 blow the Mind. And you can also drop us a 0:16:51.480 --> 0:16:59.400 line and blow the mind. At Discovery dot com, be 0:16:59.480 --> 0:17:02.120 sure to ck out our new video podcasts, Stuff from 0:17:02.160 --> 0:17:05.000 the Future. Join how staf Work staff as we explore 0:17:05.040 --> 0:17:08.200 the most promising and perplexing possibilities of tomorrow.