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Speaker 1: Welcome to stuff you should know run House Stuff Works

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Speaker 1: dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh

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Speaker 1: Clark and Charles W. Chuck Bryant's with me, etcetera, etcetera.

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Speaker 1: Stuffy should know. How you doing attention of people? In

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Speaker 1: the blink of an eye, Yeah, this podcast would be over. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: Jerry's getting a lot more loose with the laughter. Have

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Speaker 1: you noticed. Yeah, she wants to be noticed. Either that

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Speaker 1: or her sense of humor has been ratcheted up. We're

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Speaker 1: gonna look one day she's like literally pulled up to

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Speaker 1: our downs with her chin on her hand, like, Hey, yeah,

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Speaker 1: what are you guys do? Hey, nice shirt, Hey, thank you.

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Speaker 1: You compliment the shirt every time I wear I know.

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Speaker 1: Let me set the scene. We're in our serial killer

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Speaker 1: like room and Josh is wearing his Mystery Science Theater shirt. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's the one, and it's got the guys there. It's

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Speaker 1: a silhouette, the famous silhouette in the movie theater seats

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Speaker 1: and it's just a great shirt. Yeah. Um one time you,

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Speaker 1: me and I were at home watching it on I

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Speaker 1: don't know, the Internet or something like that, laugh and

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Speaker 1: laugh and laughing, and uh, she had such a good

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Speaker 1: time that she got me this T shirt. You commemorate it.

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Speaker 1: That's a great reason. So thanks a lot, mst three

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Speaker 1: K guys, Yeah, Emily does. I got a Dexter shirt.

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Speaker 1: I got a true Blood shirt. I got a Madman shirt.

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Speaker 1: You guys are laughing at Dexter parks and red shirt

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Speaker 1: every time, Children's hospital shirts on the way. I'm like

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Speaker 1: enough with the shirts exactly fun TV events, right, you

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Speaker 1: can just show what TV show you've watched recently by

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Speaker 1: wearing that T shirt. Well, do like Michael Stipe remember

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Speaker 1: that ear He were like tin shirts at the vm as. No,

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Speaker 1: he kept taking off his shirt for each award they won,

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Speaker 1: and it was another like a statement, political statement, you

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Speaker 1: know Stipe. Yeah, I found his best. Just let Stipe

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Speaker 1: do his thing. Let's Stipe be Stipe. Yeah, that's a shirt.

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Speaker 1: You know. He's got a sculpture like right there, what

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Speaker 1: do you mean? He has a an outdoor sculpture at

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Speaker 1: the next building over the Sovereign building in the back

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Speaker 1: really right next to the valet um, there's like six

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Speaker 1: seven eight like cute little larger than life foxes and

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Speaker 1: he running around in a circle and it's Michael Stipe

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Speaker 1: did he do it or did he conceive it and

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Speaker 1: then had some sculpture go do it. If he did,

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Speaker 1: he's taking full credit for it. Okay, I mean I

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Speaker 1: believe he did it. They're called the Stipe Boxes. I

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Speaker 1: can't remember what it is, but it's got like or

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Speaker 1: what the name is, but it's got like a plaque

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Speaker 1: that says, you know who the artist is and give

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Speaker 1: some background and well look at that. Michael Stipe had

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Speaker 1: no idea yea, and it's pretty good too. I have

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Speaker 1: to say, I'm gonna go check that out. You should

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Speaker 1: write it for them, Okay, Chuck, Yes, do you know

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Speaker 1: what an I E. D Is? I do. I bet

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Speaker 1: some folks might not, though you hear that where. It's

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Speaker 1: one of those things you hear on the news a lot.

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Speaker 1: Some people might just sort of, you know, it gets

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Speaker 1: lodged in the brain is. I don't know what that is,

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Speaker 1: but I hear it enough spell it out for him.

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Speaker 1: I the improvised explicit device, and that is the I

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Speaker 1: believe still the leading cause of troop death in the

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Speaker 1: Middle East. Uh. Yeah, the mission in Iraq is over right,

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Speaker 1: like we've totally drawn with drawn. Yeah, I strong about Afghanistan.

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Speaker 1: It remained then forever now the number one killer of

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Speaker 1: US troops in Iraq, and it still is now in

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Speaker 1: Afghanistan as far as I know. Yes, I have a

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Speaker 1: couple of stats here. Um, it is still the top threat.

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Speaker 1: You're correct, killed a hundred four U. S troops compared

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Speaker 1: with one. That's a significant drop. Yeah. Yeah, they're they're

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Speaker 1: getting better at fine, and we'll get to this of

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Speaker 1: their methods of getting better at rooting them out with

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Speaker 1: machines and from what I gathered reading the stuff, just

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Speaker 1: the soldiers being there, they just sort of get in

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Speaker 1: that mind. They're just getting better at this, like sniffing out,

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Speaker 1: sniffing them off the case. Yeah, these guerrilla tactics. You know,

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Speaker 1: more you're there, the more you just understand the enemy.

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Speaker 1: That article also though, said that that statistic reflects just

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Speaker 1: fewer troops to be attacked though as well. Um, but yeah,

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Speaker 1: we definitely have gotten better, um as a military over

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Speaker 1: the last decade or so. Yeah, like twelve years. I

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Speaker 1: guess wasn't a two thousand one that we invaded Afghanistan

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Speaker 1: or two to mission accomplished. Um, And we came face

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Speaker 1: to face with I E. D. S pretty quickly. UM

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Speaker 1: And really kind of had to learn what we were doing.

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Speaker 1: Like I remember the the soldiers were just driving around

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Speaker 1: in regular humpies and getting like blown to smitherreens from

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Speaker 1: I E d S left and right. And it took

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Speaker 1: like a year or two before they had humpies that

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Speaker 1: were armored enough to protect them against humpy blasts. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: Well it's sort of new though, because this article points

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Speaker 1: out at the beginning of the war they weren't as

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Speaker 1: popular and it was mainly gunfire. Mortars and grenades were

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Speaker 1: the cause of the age because we were fighting a

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Speaker 1: non insurgent group. We're fighting the Iraqi military. We were fighting, um,

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Speaker 1: but the Taliban, Well, yeah, you're right, they were Yeah, no,

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Speaker 1: I guess yeah, but yeah, in Iraq, we were definitely

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Speaker 1: fighting the Iraqi military, but then the insurgency came after that. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: they definitely have realized how effective they can be. When

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Speaker 1: you can put it in a dead dog's carcass on

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Speaker 1: the side of the road or a cow or something

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Speaker 1: like that, very scary stuff. You can hide it just

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Speaker 1: about anywhere. Um, And they're not new. The insurgents um

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Speaker 1: in Iraq in Afghanistan didn't invent I E d S.

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Speaker 1: They go back at least into the Vietnam War, where

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Speaker 1: the viet Cong figured out that a good way to

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Speaker 1: get American troops blown up is to put an I

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Speaker 1: D in like an old coke can or something, or

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Speaker 1: an old beer can't leaving along the side of the

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Speaker 1: road where you knew they were going to be walking,

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Speaker 1: because everyone knows that Americans like to kick cans down

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Speaker 1: the road. And apparently all it took was one kick

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Speaker 1: and then boom, the whole platoon was in danger. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that was an I E D. Yeah, the i R

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Speaker 1: a Irish Republican Army obviously used those in the sixties

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Speaker 1: and seventies. And then you know when you hear about

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Speaker 1: the Boston bomber or the Centennial Park bomber, the d

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Speaker 1: s yeah, actually homemade bombs, right, it's an improvised explosive device,

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Speaker 1: which basically the big distinction is you didn't buy it

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Speaker 1: from a from a commercial manufacturer, or it didn't come

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Speaker 1: from a commercial manufacturer like a pipe bomb. That's an

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Speaker 1: e D. Doesn't have to be in a rock or Afghanistan.

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Speaker 1: And like you said, I mean, the reason that they

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Speaker 1: are in use and man, they are in use um

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Speaker 1: is because they are an effective weapon against a larger,

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Speaker 1: especially larger conventional army. Um. It's it's they're cheap, they're

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Speaker 1: easy to get the parts too, they're fairly easy to

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Speaker 1: put together, and apparently there's a lot of information out

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Speaker 1: there about how to do it. Like the Times Square

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Speaker 1: bombing that was foiled a couple of years back. The

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Speaker 1: bomb that that guy had was virtually identical to the

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Speaker 1: ones used in the Boston marathon bombing. So clearly there's

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Speaker 1: some instruction out there that people who want to can

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Speaker 1: get to and make these things from just part you

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Speaker 1: buy at the store. Yeah, the internet, giveth in it

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Speaker 1: take it away for sure. Yeah right, all right, So

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Speaker 1: you want to talk about the basic parts of an

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Speaker 1: I D. Yeah, there's five of them. You've got your

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Speaker 1: power supply um. You basically you're trigger in your detonator.

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Speaker 1: Need electricity um usually from like say a battery or

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Speaker 1: UM battery. Yeah, I mean it should be as simple

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Speaker 1: as like a flashlight battery. Yeah, so that's pretty scary.

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Speaker 1: The trigger is, uh, the switch that sets the device off.

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Speaker 1: It's usually like sometimes can be a trip wire, but

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Speaker 1: usually or a timer. But most times it's like a

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Speaker 1: firing button where someone is watching that they actually press

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Speaker 1: or a radio signal from like say a cell phone

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Speaker 1: or something. Yeah, anything that can relay information that can

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Speaker 1: trigger an event to that trigger, like a garage store opener,

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Speaker 1: cell phone, radio whatever. Um, that makes a pretty handy

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Speaker 1: trigger switch. That's right. So the detonator that is the uh,

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Speaker 1: the small charge that sets off the larger charge. I

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Speaker 1: don't know, we talked about this since something oh building

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Speaker 1: implosions exactly. Yeah, there you go. Yeah, it's kind of

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Speaker 1: the same thing. Yeah, you're taking a little charge because

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Speaker 1: it doesn't take quite as much to set that one off,

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Speaker 1: and then you use the energy, the force created from

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Speaker 1: that one to explode the larger charge, the main charge

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Speaker 1: of the primary charge. And um, you can actually use

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Speaker 1: conventional weapons, conventional bombs like an unexploded landline as um.

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Speaker 1: The primary charge, right, fertilizer is very handy apparently. Um.

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Speaker 1: And then from the main charge, we move on to

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Speaker 1: the container. That's the thing that holds everything together, whether

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Speaker 1: it's a pressure cooker or an old washing machine or whatever.

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Speaker 1: What did they do in Boston pressure cookers? Was that

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Speaker 1: what it was? Okay? But they snuck in and backpacks?

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Speaker 1: Is that right? Yeah? That is some scary stuff. It

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Speaker 1: really takes a lot to not be super freaked out

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Speaker 1: at any public event after something like that. You know,

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Speaker 1: it definitely takes a little while too for even the

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Speaker 1: most rational stable person and say, no, I'm just gonna

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Speaker 1: I'm gonna go to this marathon and hang out and

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Speaker 1: not worry about things. Yeah, I think it increases vigilance

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Speaker 1: for sure. Um, And then of course, like in the

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Speaker 1: NFL this year, you know I got the Falcon season tickets,

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Speaker 1: they sent out a statement to all the ticket holders

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Speaker 1: that you can't like bring bags into the game anymore

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Speaker 1: unless they're those clear bags that like high school stud

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Speaker 1: it's apt to use. Now, I didn't know you could

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Speaker 1: ever bring bags, Like you could bring a backpack into

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Speaker 1: the game or something, or a purse or anything like.

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Speaker 1: You can't bring any of that stuff in. You can't

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Speaker 1: bring a person any longer. No, it's got to be

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Speaker 1: like they have a size requirement. It's basically, you know,

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Speaker 1: a little small purse that can fet your I D

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Speaker 1: and stuff. But yeah, they're putting the kih on that.

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Speaker 1: Yeah I can figure I D, but not your I

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Speaker 1: E D. That's right. Yeah, that should be their slogan,

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Speaker 1: which I mean, I guess it's not much to give

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Speaker 1: up like a purse. Of course, I don't carry purses,

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Speaker 1: so it's not a big inconvenience for me. But you know,

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Speaker 1: I mean to ensure that much more safety, yeah, that

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Speaker 1: doesn't seem like enough. But it's also part of that

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Speaker 1: slippery slope where it's like, Okay, we made that concession,

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Speaker 1: and what's the next concession? Taking off your shoes and

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Speaker 1: line at the airport? Not that big of a deal.

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Speaker 1: But when you add it together with all this other stuff,

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Speaker 1: all of a sudden, we're pretty much constantly thinking. There's

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Speaker 1: constantly an awareness of the threat that's out there. That's

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Speaker 1: probably good to a certain degree that anything. Yes, it is,

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Speaker 1: but I think it's also a double edged sword where

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Speaker 1: it's like you're maybe you're safer, but you're also more

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Speaker 1: stressed out right, you know. Yeah, And it certainly doesn't

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Speaker 1: limit the racial profiling and stuff like that, you know,

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Speaker 1: after events like that and you're people are staring down

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Speaker 1: people of different colors and races and oh yeah, I'm

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Speaker 1: sure like the random pat down through like a T

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Speaker 1: S A line is pretty far from random. Yeah, you know. True.

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Speaker 1: See our podcast on on No flight lists. Wright do

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Speaker 1: one on that, Yeah, I genuinely don't recall it. Give

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Speaker 1: yourself a break, buddy, Yeah, but I would think like

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Speaker 1: I could remember any of them eventually if you said

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Speaker 1: the title. Yeah, we did one on no fly lists,

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Speaker 1: like how do you land yourself on a no fly list? Okay,

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Speaker 1: on a government list of like no fly That was

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Speaker 1: my fault. I said the wrong title. That's why I

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Speaker 1: wasn't jogged. Yeah, we did one on like flying and stuff.

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Speaker 1: All right, So there's there are other things packed inside

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Speaker 1: these devices as well, basically for use to shrapnel, um,

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Speaker 1: anything from nails to ball bearings. Um. Sometimes it can

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Speaker 1: be toxic chemicals to cause fire. It can be all

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Speaker 1: sorts of nasty things, um. Yeah. And it could be

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Speaker 1: part of a dirty bomb. It can be like the

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Speaker 1: means to get a dirty bomb exploded. Right, Well, Chuck,

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Speaker 1: before we go any further, you want to do maybe

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Speaker 1: a message break, I think so, Chuck. So we've talked

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Speaker 1: about what parts there are to a um an I e.

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Speaker 1: Ed Um, let's talk about how they fit together. And

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Speaker 1: obviously we're not going to give you any kind of

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Speaker 1: instructional step by step, um, but there I mean, there's

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Speaker 1: just general information about how how they fit together. So

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Speaker 1: you've got your power source, which we talked about, and

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Speaker 1: that's going to give you the electricity that you need

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Speaker 1: to power the trigger and the detonator. So that's how

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Speaker 1: those fit together, right, Um. And then you've got the

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Speaker 1: trigger which activates the detonator, which also requires some sort

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Speaker 1: of power um or also draws power from the power source. Uh.

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Speaker 1: And the trigger can be it can be said on

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Speaker 1: a timer like the old like sticks of dynamite with

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Speaker 1: the clock. The timer that's an I E. D. I

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Speaker 1: suppose um the Yeah, it could be activated by a

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Speaker 1: trip wire. Um, it could. There's all sorts of things

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Speaker 1: you can do. Somebody could be standing off in the

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Speaker 1: distance watching and pressing a calling a phone. I remember

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Speaker 1: we talked about it before. I don't remember which one

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Speaker 1: it was, but we talked about supposedly a separatist, the

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Speaker 1: Chechen separatist. Maybe it was planning on bombing Red Square

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Speaker 1: in Moscow in the New Year's before last. And she

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Speaker 1: blew up because she got a text message from her

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Speaker 1: phone before she made it out of her apartment. She

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Speaker 1: got like a happy New Year message from the phone provider.

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Speaker 1: I never followed up to make sure that wasn't an

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Speaker 1: urban legend. But it is a heck of a story.

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Speaker 1: I do remember talking about that, and I believe it

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Speaker 1: you could just because why not, you know, why not? Uh?

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Speaker 1: And then you've got, like I said, we got the

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Speaker 1: detonator which provides the energy for the main one, and

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Speaker 1: then the main charge which sends a shock wave or

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Speaker 1: a blast wave and shrapnel and fire or toxic chemicals

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Speaker 1: or whatever outward very fast. Yeah. And the big problem,

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Speaker 1: like we said, with I E d s and with

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Speaker 1: combating I E d s, is you can make them

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Speaker 1: from so many different materials. There's all sorts of different

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Speaker 1: types of explosives you can use. Um, the parts you

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Speaker 1: can get from just about anywhere. I know, in the

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Speaker 1: Boston bombings they used, um, the trigger was triggered via

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Speaker 1: an RC car part. They used regular like battery D

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Speaker 1: cell batteries. Um. You, so you can get this stuff

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Speaker 1: from anywhere. So, like, if you were really interested in

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Speaker 1: stopping i E d s from being produced and made

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Speaker 1: your supply lines, following supply lines is really difficult. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's not like you can trace things. Yeah, and they're

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Speaker 1: just coming from so many different places. It's like we're

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Speaker 1: banning our c cars can't really do that. Yeah, I

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Speaker 1: did see where the government is UM trying to track

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Speaker 1: this stuff a little bit more. Um, they spent more

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Speaker 1: than two hundred million dollars to Pentagon has UH basically

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Speaker 1: just trying to get ahold of the problem altogether. But

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Speaker 1: they have something called the Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat

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Speaker 1: Organization or JAI DID right and UM, I think they're

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Speaker 1: gonna get about two d and seventeen million dollars this year.

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Speaker 1: And one of the things that they're trying to do

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Speaker 1: is track some of the stuff out of Pakistan. It

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Speaker 1: seems to be one of the main countries where things

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Speaker 1: like how see um ammonium nitrate or coming from fertilizer. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: in Pakistan saying we kind of have an agricultural um

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Speaker 1: sector that needs fertilizer soon. We're not gonna stop making fertilizer.

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Speaker 1: What part of the problem is that's also the main

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Speaker 1: source of explosive material being used in I E D S.

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Speaker 1: Shows you the problem. You're part of the problem at least. UM.

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Speaker 1: The The other part of the problem is there's so

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Speaker 1: many different ways to deliver an I D. You can

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Speaker 1: just put it somewhere. They're very easily hid. Um and

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Speaker 1: say like a rubble or trash pile or like you said,

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Speaker 1: in the carcass of a dog or a cow or

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Speaker 1: something like that, to something that seems innocuous. They can

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Speaker 1: be buried. Um, they can be left in a car. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: those are vehicle born I E. D. S and uh

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Speaker 1: that have you seen I'm really into these modern war movies.

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Speaker 1: Have you seen hurt Locker is one? I haven't seen

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Speaker 1: that one man So good and zero Dark thirty was

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Speaker 1: the worst part of the movie. What part where the

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Speaker 1: ladies like jumping up and down like yeah, my informants

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Speaker 1: coming for the car bomb. That's what happened though, dude,

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Speaker 1: and the other girls on the other aunt saying like,

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Speaker 1: oh mg, I'm so excited for you. It's like their

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Speaker 1: characters suddenly just totally deteriorate, like into just these caricatures,

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Speaker 1: like what happened at that part she was jumping up

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Speaker 1: and down like yeah, I don't know, man, I think

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Speaker 1: she was probably pretty excited. Dude. I just thought it

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Speaker 1: was very weird so much so I'm like, what is

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Speaker 1: the director trying to do here? Like what she's trying

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Speaker 1: to say something that I'm not picking up on it.

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Speaker 1: It was just odd. But yes, it was a vehicle

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Speaker 1: born explosion, But you liked the movie aside from that.

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Speaker 1: Aside from that, yeah, that was pretty cool. Both those

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Speaker 1: were Katherine Bigelow by the way, right, but yeah, I

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Speaker 1: never saw hurt Locker. Hurt Locker is great. And then

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Speaker 1: Green's On was another good one. The Matt Damon one.

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Speaker 1: Wasn't that like, um, the born identity for Isn't there

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Speaker 1: a lot of people called that? Really? Yeah, well that's

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Speaker 1: just silly, wasn't I by the same guy who directed

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Speaker 1: it too? Maybe I think it was Paul green Grass

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Speaker 1: And yeah, but it was not. That's just silly. It

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Speaker 1: was because it was Matt Damon kicking but and Paul

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Speaker 1: green Grass. But it was a war movie, not a

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Speaker 1: spy movie or whatever those Born movies were. Yeah. Um,

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Speaker 1: I'll take issue with that statement. Okay, um, all right,

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Speaker 1: So let's talk a a little bit about the explosion itself.

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Speaker 1: I said that gas heats up expands rapidly, and how

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Speaker 1: rapidly Josh? Um, Well, if you're talking explosion, usually at

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Speaker 1: least ft per second four eight meters per second, which

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Speaker 1: is a lot that's your blast wave. If you're anywhere

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Speaker 1: near that, then you probably are not going to make

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Speaker 1: it out. And it um creates a lot of um

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Speaker 1: force measured in atmospheric pressure gez. Oh yeah, how many?

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Speaker 1: Up to a thousand times the normal atmospheric pressure at

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Speaker 1: sea level. So you remember in the diving bell episode

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Speaker 1: we're talking about or no, it was the the ejection

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Speaker 1: seat episode, we talked about how when you eject from

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Speaker 1: a plane, you can be depending on how fast you're going,

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Speaker 1: you can be subjected up to twenty g s all

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Speaker 1: of a sudden when you when your seat shoots out.

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Speaker 1: This is a thousand gees. Alright, so that's gonna send

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Speaker 1: that shrapnel at that same speed, which is gonna do

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Speaker 1: tons of damage. Their secondary shrapnel from stuff like windows

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Speaker 1: and buildings that are going to be splintered and flying around. Uh,

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Speaker 1: there's the fire itself, Uh secondary fires. And then this

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Speaker 1: one I didn't really think about though. The the vacuum. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: apparently can it leaves a vacuum that can like cause

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Speaker 1: you to go blind or deaf, And well it blows

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Speaker 1: it out so much that, yeah, it causes a partial vacuum,

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Speaker 1: and then the air rushes back in to fill it,

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Speaker 1: and it brings all that other debris that it's just

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Speaker 1: shot out right back into you. So you get it twice.

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Speaker 1: I guess if you're in the blast zone, and I

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Speaker 1: guess the atmosphere pressure is what can give you like concussions.

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Speaker 1: That's the shock wave swelling of the brain, like, um,

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Speaker 1: what what is it? A traumatic brain injury which is

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Speaker 1: so similar to PTSD. Oh yeah, um. And it also

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Speaker 1: points out to I'd never really would have thought about this,

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Speaker 1: but air filled tissues and organs like your lungs and

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Speaker 1: your bowels can actually be perforated with this pressure change. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's just unbelievable. Yeah. Um. And like we said, if

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Speaker 1: you're close to one of these, you're probably not gonna

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Speaker 1: make it out alive. If you're a little further way

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Speaker 1: outside that primary blast radius, um, you're likely going to

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Speaker 1: be injured. A lot of I think of wounds in

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Speaker 1: Afghanistan are still caused by I E. D S. So

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Speaker 1: while deaths are down, there's still a lot of guys

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Speaker 1: and ladies being wounded. Yeah, you know, losing limbs, there's

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Speaker 1: a lot. There's a huge increase in a rock and

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Speaker 1: Afghanistan to lost limbs and brain traumatic brain injuries because

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Speaker 1: they're being protected from kevlar. Whereas before these these protections

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Speaker 1: and the measures that that the military took to protect

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Speaker 1: soldiers um were instituted. Prior to that, they would have

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Speaker 1: just died, so they wouldn't have been chalked up to

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Speaker 1: the casualty or the injured list. They would have been

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Speaker 1: chalked up to the dead list. Right. So now it's like, yeah,

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Speaker 1: they're being protected, but they're also losing limbs. They're also

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Speaker 1: like they they have brain injuries. There's big problems that

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Speaker 1: they're carrying along with them as well, which is one

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Speaker 1: of the things that's made this war so expensive, um,

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Speaker 1: not just financially but in like you know, human costs

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Speaker 1: as well. And of course civilians aren't protected at all,

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Speaker 1: so they're dying at a rapid rate. So you've got

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Speaker 1: I D S. They are out there. There's a problem.

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Speaker 1: What have we learned from Iraq and Afghanistan, Like, how

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Speaker 1: do you detect against the either use of I E

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Speaker 1: d S. Well, one thing that uses dogs to sniff

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Speaker 1: them out. I don't know. At some point we have

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Speaker 1: a good article on war dogs that we might cover,

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Speaker 1: but dogs is one way. Um, like I said, just

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Speaker 1: living in country and learning that. You know, every time

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Speaker 1: one of those goes off, they probably learn a new

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Speaker 1: method to add to the list, which is scary but

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Speaker 1: also great to be there and sort of get inside

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Speaker 1: their head a little bit. Paying attention and being suspicious

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Speaker 1: is another one. Yeah, Like there's an instance that's given

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Speaker 1: in this article about a marine spotter who noticed a

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Speaker 1: man outside of Habania, Iraq who is videotaping a convoy. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's like that's kind of a dig giveaway that this

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Speaker 1: guy should be checked out. I guess they looked at

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Speaker 1: him and saw that he had a high powered rifle

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Speaker 1: on the seat next to him, and they shot and

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Speaker 1: killed him and went over and apparently he had a

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Speaker 1: bunch of parts to make I E. D. S with.

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Speaker 1: That's right, So I guess he was scouting or what

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Speaker 1: have you. And then not very surreptitiously either, like, um,

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Speaker 1: and he probably well you never know. I was going

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Speaker 1: to say he might have one of those video cameras

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Speaker 1: from like the eighties too. It's like set on, it's

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Speaker 1: not even a small one. Um. They do have some

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Speaker 1: new technology though, which is pretty cool, and it makes

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Speaker 1: sense because if you're using like a signal from a

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Speaker 1: cell phone, let's say, to set these things off. You

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Speaker 1: might think, hey, can they jam those things? And they can,

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Speaker 1: And they're trying to something terribly named UM device called

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Speaker 1: the NERF and I r F which stands for neutralizing

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Speaker 1: improvised explosive devices. Oh no way? Yeah? Oh yeah? Is

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Speaker 1: that nerve? Isn't there a terrible acronym? So nerve with

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Speaker 1: radio frequency? Okay, sorry, give him the whole thing. Neutralized

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Speaker 1: neutralizing improvised explosive devices with radio frequency ner Yes, And

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Speaker 1: that emits a high frequency pulse that basically just shorts

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Speaker 1: out all the electronics in the area. Yeah. They also

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Speaker 1: have devices that emit births of microwave radiation that fry

424
00:24:09,960 --> 00:24:12,960
Speaker 1: the electronics anywhere around. So if you have an I E.

425
00:24:13,080 --> 00:24:15,920
Speaker 1: D coming up and you shoot it with some microwaves,

426
00:24:16,359 --> 00:24:19,120
Speaker 1: it probably isn't gonna work, that's right. And they have lasers,

427
00:24:19,520 --> 00:24:22,240
Speaker 1: the the libs, l ibs man the military and their

428
00:24:22,240 --> 00:24:25,560
Speaker 1: acronyms like everything. They love those. When I'm talking with

429
00:24:25,560 --> 00:24:27,840
Speaker 1: my brother in law, he's just like and he's so

430
00:24:27,920 --> 00:24:29,679
Speaker 1: used to saying what they are too, and it's just

431
00:24:29,680 --> 00:24:32,639
Speaker 1: like rapid fire. We'll say like LIBS laser and just

432
00:24:32,760 --> 00:24:35,000
Speaker 1: break down spectoc See I can't even say that that

433
00:24:35,760 --> 00:24:40,600
Speaker 1: spectroscopy well, the spect spectroscopy is a difficult word to

434
00:24:40,640 --> 00:24:43,040
Speaker 1: say either way. That's what they call it LIBS. And

435
00:24:43,400 --> 00:24:46,679
Speaker 1: these detect I D explosives within about a hundred feet,

436
00:24:47,160 --> 00:24:49,880
Speaker 1: which is pretty good because these things, you know, most

437
00:24:49,920 --> 00:24:52,960
Speaker 1: of the time it's not like it's not a daisy cutter.

438
00:24:53,040 --> 00:24:56,000
Speaker 1: You know, the explosion is large, but it's not you know,

439
00:24:56,119 --> 00:24:58,479
Speaker 1: if you're five yards away, it's not gonna have much

440
00:24:58,480 --> 00:25:00,720
Speaker 1: of an impact on you. And they um, the gun

441
00:25:00,720 --> 00:25:05,399
Speaker 1: a lot better at detecting devices. Um. Apparently of I

442
00:25:05,560 --> 00:25:09,440
Speaker 1: E d s in Afghanistan were detected before they went off.

443
00:25:09,720 --> 00:25:15,000
Speaker 1: And I think two thousand eleven, two thousand twelve. Um.

444
00:25:15,119 --> 00:25:19,240
Speaker 1: And uh, did you hear about the guy who sold

445
00:25:19,359 --> 00:25:23,400
Speaker 1: fake bomb detectors like around the world. He's this British

446
00:25:23,400 --> 00:25:26,119
Speaker 1: guy named James McCormick, and for ten years he sold

447
00:25:26,119 --> 00:25:29,120
Speaker 1: this device called the a d E six fifty one,

448
00:25:29,440 --> 00:25:33,119
Speaker 1: which stood for Advanced Detection Equipment And basically what it

449
00:25:33,240 --> 00:25:38,200
Speaker 1: was was a device called the gopher, which is used

450
00:25:38,240 --> 00:25:41,760
Speaker 1: to find lost golf balls. And it actually doesn't work.

451
00:25:41,920 --> 00:25:44,800
Speaker 1: It doesn't even find lost golf balls. It has no

452
00:25:44,840 --> 00:25:49,720
Speaker 1: better no better chance than random chance to detect a

453
00:25:49,720 --> 00:25:53,120
Speaker 1: golf ball or anything else. This guy just repackaged these

454
00:25:53,119 --> 00:25:56,360
Speaker 1: things and sold them. He sold one to a government

455
00:25:56,400 --> 00:26:00,760
Speaker 1: for three grand. Apparently the Iraqi police fought six thousand

456
00:26:00,800 --> 00:26:02,440
Speaker 1: of them. They're still in use all over the country.

457
00:26:02,440 --> 00:26:05,440
Speaker 1: They don't do anything. This guy means sixty million dollars

458
00:26:05,440 --> 00:26:08,320
Speaker 1: over ten years selling these things, and he's a total fraud.

459
00:26:08,520 --> 00:26:10,240
Speaker 1: Is he in jail or anything? Yeah, they got him

460
00:26:10,240 --> 00:26:13,400
Speaker 1: finally doing ten years in prison. Wow, and they took

461
00:26:13,400 --> 00:26:18,440
Speaker 1: his money. Yeah, but who knows how many people like Yeah, Yeah,

462
00:26:18,520 --> 00:26:21,760
Speaker 1: it's pretty scary. They also have like you talked about

463
00:26:21,800 --> 00:26:26,640
Speaker 1: their the humpies and stuff were more armored now. But um,

464
00:26:26,680 --> 00:26:31,800
Speaker 1: they also have things called mind resistant ambush Protected Vehicles

465
00:26:32,280 --> 00:26:37,040
Speaker 1: m wraps, and they have a flat undercarriage in the

466
00:26:37,040 --> 00:26:40,160
Speaker 1: shape of a V which will supposedly divert the blast. Yeah,

467
00:26:40,240 --> 00:26:42,960
Speaker 1: rather than flat, it's like it goes it comes to

468
00:26:43,000 --> 00:26:45,080
Speaker 1: a point. Yeah, it makes makes sense. It diverts it

469
00:26:45,080 --> 00:26:47,000
Speaker 1: away instead of just right up under the vehicle. So

470
00:26:47,040 --> 00:26:48,639
Speaker 1: you just have to hope you're not standing next to

471
00:26:48,680 --> 00:26:51,040
Speaker 1: the vehicle and the thing goes off because it's going

472
00:26:51,080 --> 00:26:54,280
Speaker 1: to direct all that stuff towards straight out. And then

473
00:26:54,320 --> 00:26:58,800
Speaker 1: just today, um, we learned that a company called Ashkosh

474
00:26:59,040 --> 00:27:02,440
Speaker 1: not Ashkosh but no, but I wonder if they're related.

475
00:27:02,840 --> 00:27:06,960
Speaker 1: The military Vehicle division of Oshkosh Bagosh in Wisconsin. Is

476
00:27:06,960 --> 00:27:10,720
Speaker 1: Oshkosh Bagosh, Wisconsin? Yeah, is it really? Yeah? This Oshkosh

477
00:27:10,760 --> 00:27:13,720
Speaker 1: is probably a place there. Yeah, you think I believe

478
00:27:13,760 --> 00:27:16,639
Speaker 1: it is. All right, we'll look into that. Maybe they

479
00:27:16,680 --> 00:27:22,399
Speaker 1: make onesies and military vehicles. But in Washington, d C.

480
00:27:22,680 --> 00:27:28,560
Speaker 1: Right now, today's August. What today in DC? This week

481
00:27:28,600 --> 00:27:32,080
Speaker 1: they have a trade show and oshkos is an unveiling

482
00:27:32,080 --> 00:27:36,240
Speaker 1: the Terra Max and the Terra not terror Terra is

483
00:27:36,280 --> 00:27:41,200
Speaker 1: in land. The Terra Max is um unmanned, which is

484
00:27:41,240 --> 00:27:44,199
Speaker 1: kind of cool, and it has counter I D payloads

485
00:27:44,760 --> 00:27:50,159
Speaker 1: and uh, it's basically a little UM a TV that

486
00:27:50,240 --> 00:27:53,360
Speaker 1: I guess is remote controlled or it says it can

487
00:27:53,440 --> 00:27:58,119
Speaker 1: run UM in a supervised autonomous mode remote control? Is

488
00:27:58,160 --> 00:28:01,000
Speaker 1: that what that is? It's just the way I think moment. Yeah,

489
00:28:01,240 --> 00:28:04,640
Speaker 1: they should just say RV man UM. Yeah. So that's

490
00:28:04,640 --> 00:28:07,280
Speaker 1: pretty cool. So they're they're definitely spending money at the

491
00:28:07,359 --> 00:28:10,919
Speaker 1: rate of about two hundred and two twenty million a

492
00:28:11,000 --> 00:28:15,560
Speaker 1: year to try and combat desk. Ye. Well, and that's

493
00:28:15,560 --> 00:28:18,679
Speaker 1: all I got. That's all I got too. Um. If

494
00:28:18,680 --> 00:28:20,960
Speaker 1: you're interested in this, you can also another way of

495
00:28:21,000 --> 00:28:23,479
Speaker 1: delivering an I D is via suicide bomber. And we

496
00:28:23,560 --> 00:28:26,359
Speaker 1: did an entire episode on suicide bombers, did we not?

497
00:28:26,800 --> 00:28:28,760
Speaker 1: We did? Okay, so you might want to check that

498
00:28:28,760 --> 00:28:30,600
Speaker 1: out as well. Uh. And if you want to learn

499
00:28:30,640 --> 00:28:33,679
Speaker 1: more about I E d s and how to combat them,

500
00:28:33,760 --> 00:28:36,200
Speaker 1: you can type I E D into the search bar

501
00:28:36,280 --> 00:28:39,080
Speaker 1: at how stuff works dot com. And since I said

502
00:28:39,080 --> 00:28:47,800
Speaker 1: search bar, it's time for a message break, all right, chuckers,

503
00:28:47,920 --> 00:28:52,960
Speaker 1: how about listener mail? All right? This is called I've

504
00:28:52,960 --> 00:28:57,960
Speaker 1: worked with a hyperbolic chamber? Uh Jeric hyperbaric? Would I

505
00:28:57,960 --> 00:29:01,080
Speaker 1: say hyperbolic? The guys like it's the largest chamber in

506
00:29:01,120 --> 00:29:05,960
Speaker 1: the world. It's so full of hyperbole. Um, thanks for

507
00:29:06,000 --> 00:29:08,760
Speaker 1: catching that. By the way, I just finished listening to

508
00:29:08,840 --> 00:29:11,040
Speaker 1: the how does a Diving Bell Work? And I couldn't

509
00:29:11,080 --> 00:29:13,400
Speaker 1: help but think about a guy. I think about a lot.

510
00:29:14,040 --> 00:29:17,000
Speaker 1: I used to live on a Caribbean island called Utilla.

511
00:29:17,440 --> 00:29:21,560
Speaker 1: It's in Honduras. Utila or Utila is known for backpackers

512
00:29:21,640 --> 00:29:24,280
Speaker 1: learning to dive whilst traveling around Central America as a

513
00:29:24,320 --> 00:29:27,760
Speaker 1: scuba instructor on the island and also drove the hyperbaric

514
00:29:27,840 --> 00:29:32,280
Speaker 1: chamber or hyperbolic chamber set up and funded by small

515
00:29:32,760 --> 00:29:36,160
Speaker 1: the charge to all divers, although we treated locals for

516
00:29:36,280 --> 00:29:39,720
Speaker 1: three um all of us non Hondurans learned to dive

517
00:29:39,760 --> 00:29:42,600
Speaker 1: as safely as possible. But the locals will go for lobster.

518
00:29:42,680 --> 00:29:45,960
Speaker 1: They called them bugs. Had horrific diving conditions. They would

519
00:29:46,000 --> 00:29:48,120
Speaker 1: have a guy in about a couple of dive tanks

520
00:29:48,120 --> 00:29:51,600
Speaker 1: without pressure gauges attached along hoses that the fishermen would

521
00:29:51,640 --> 00:29:54,080
Speaker 1: use to breathe. They knew that they were running out

522
00:29:54,120 --> 00:29:57,520
Speaker 1: of air when it became hard to breathe. Once they

523
00:29:57,520 --> 00:29:59,920
Speaker 1: realized they were running out of air, they would surface quickly,

524
00:30:00,400 --> 00:30:03,320
Speaker 1: but stay in the water, drink a coke uh and

525
00:30:03,360 --> 00:30:05,920
Speaker 1: smoke a joint. It would be attached to a new

526
00:30:05,960 --> 00:30:08,520
Speaker 1: tank then and go down looking for more lobsters or

527
00:30:08,600 --> 00:30:12,480
Speaker 1: bugs of stuff in their sacks. This what's going down

528
00:30:12,520 --> 00:30:15,640
Speaker 1: down here. There's an article about um this industry and

529
00:30:15,680 --> 00:30:19,440
Speaker 1: in this way of getting lobsters in Mexico by hand

530
00:30:19,520 --> 00:30:21,840
Speaker 1: in harpers that people last month's Harpers or this month's

531
00:30:21,840 --> 00:30:26,520
Speaker 1: hard Yeah, it's like just like that, really really dangerous. Yeah,

532
00:30:26,560 --> 00:30:30,120
Speaker 1: they're really cavalier and they get hurt a lot. Apparently

533
00:30:30,120 --> 00:30:33,560
Speaker 1: they smoke we'd while they're doing it. Uh. This one

534
00:30:33,560 --> 00:30:36,000
Speaker 1: guy came into the chamber room in pain and twisted up.

535
00:30:36,200 --> 00:30:38,320
Speaker 1: We were pretty sure he wouldn't walk again. He gave

536
00:30:38,400 --> 00:30:39,920
Speaker 1: him a couple of rides in the chamber over a

537
00:30:39,920 --> 00:30:42,560
Speaker 1: couple of days. This entailed trips down to the equivalent

538
00:30:42,560 --> 00:30:45,720
Speaker 1: of sixty only to be slowly brought back to the

539
00:30:45,760 --> 00:30:51,520
Speaker 1: surface quote unquote uh sorry quote surface end quote over

540
00:30:51,640 --> 00:30:55,160
Speaker 1: a few hours time. Um. We also did some hydrotherapy

541
00:30:55,160 --> 00:30:57,480
Speaker 1: on our small pool. Because he wasn't getting any better,

542
00:30:57,520 --> 00:30:59,480
Speaker 1: we had to fly him off the island to the mainland.

543
00:31:00,080 --> 00:31:01,840
Speaker 1: Keep the plane just above the water so it's not

544
00:31:01,920 --> 00:31:05,200
Speaker 1: to elevate them much higher than sea level. After leaving

545
00:31:05,280 --> 00:31:06,800
Speaker 1: him at the hospital, I never saw I heard about

546
00:31:06,840 --> 00:31:09,280
Speaker 1: him again. He was a husband and father of two

547
00:31:09,480 --> 00:31:11,240
Speaker 1: and I was twelve years ago and I think about

548
00:31:11,280 --> 00:31:15,120
Speaker 1: him often. That's from James, Thanks James. I thought that

549
00:31:15,160 --> 00:31:17,600
Speaker 1: was a pretty great email too. Yeah. Um, and he

550
00:31:17,720 --> 00:31:20,680
Speaker 1: sent a picture the hyperbolic hyperferic change. Yeah, it was

551
00:31:20,680 --> 00:31:22,360
Speaker 1: pretty cool. Yeah he said it was a bad picture.

552
00:31:22,360 --> 00:31:24,520
Speaker 1: If that was great, Yeah, it seems fine. Your heart

553
00:31:24,560 --> 00:31:28,760
Speaker 1: on yourself, James, let yourself up. Uh. If you want

554
00:31:28,800 --> 00:31:31,600
Speaker 1: to send us a picture of something cool that you operate,

555
00:31:31,720 --> 00:31:34,160
Speaker 1: we'd like to see that. Um. You can tweek to

556
00:31:34,240 --> 00:31:36,200
Speaker 1: us at s Y s K podcast. You can join

557
00:31:36,280 --> 00:31:38,440
Speaker 1: us on Facebook dot com, slash Stuff you Should Know.

558
00:31:39,040 --> 00:31:41,120
Speaker 1: You can send us an email to Stuff Podcast at

559
00:31:41,120 --> 00:31:43,240
Speaker 1: Discovery dot com, and you can join us at our

560
00:31:43,320 --> 00:31:51,080
Speaker 1: home on the web, Stuff you Should Know dot com

561
00:31:51,120 --> 00:31:53,520
Speaker 1: for more on this and thousands of other topics. Does

562
00:31:53,560 --> 00:32:02,320
Speaker 1: it how Stuff Works dot com