1 00:00:01,160 --> 00:00:04,760 Speaker 1: Hey everyone, it's susy. Since we originally published this episode 2 00:00:04,840 --> 00:00:07,720 Speaker 1: in May of twenty twenty four, there have been significant 3 00:00:07,720 --> 00:00:11,400 Speaker 1: developments for Lyle and Eric Menendez, brothers, who were convicted 4 00:00:11,400 --> 00:00:14,480 Speaker 1: of murdering their parents in the early nineteen nineties. The 5 00:00:14,520 --> 00:00:17,080 Speaker 1: brothers do not deny the killings, but they say they 6 00:00:17,160 --> 00:00:19,920 Speaker 1: endured years of sexual and emotional abuse from their father, 7 00:00:20,520 --> 00:00:23,919 Speaker 1: and a recent documentary and a docudrama on Netflix have 8 00:00:24,400 --> 00:00:27,840 Speaker 1: reignited interest in their case. A number of their family 9 00:00:27,840 --> 00:00:31,240 Speaker 1: members have come forward with impassion pleas for their release, 10 00:00:31,720 --> 00:00:35,280 Speaker 1: saying that they believe them about the abuse, and on 11 00:00:35,360 --> 00:00:39,440 Speaker 1: October twenty fourth, in a studying development, the Los Angeles 12 00:00:39,440 --> 00:00:42,559 Speaker 1: District Attorney said that he would request that the Menendez 13 00:00:42,600 --> 00:00:44,400 Speaker 1: brothers be resentenced. 14 00:00:44,640 --> 00:00:48,040 Speaker 2: I believe that they have paid their debt to society, 15 00:00:49,479 --> 00:00:55,920 Speaker 2: and the system provides a vehicle for their case to 16 00:00:56,000 --> 00:01:01,600 Speaker 2: be reviewed by a parole bar and the role concurs 17 00:01:02,600 --> 00:01:07,120 Speaker 2: with my assessment, and it will be their decision. There 18 00:01:07,160 --> 00:01:08,400 Speaker 2: will be released accordantly. 19 00:01:09,319 --> 00:01:12,320 Speaker 1: If you're looking for contacts. This episode explains how we 20 00:01:12,440 --> 00:01:15,679 Speaker 1: arrived at this extraordinary moment, and how kids on social 21 00:01:15,760 --> 00:01:18,680 Speaker 1: media played an important role, and how new evidence may 22 00:01:18,720 --> 00:01:22,040 Speaker 1: impact whether they are ultimately released, and as a warning, 23 00:01:22,440 --> 00:01:25,640 Speaker 1: we discuss the sexual and emotional abuse of children in detail. 24 00:01:30,520 --> 00:01:31,880 Speaker 3: Are we with the stands here? 25 00:01:32,080 --> 00:01:35,240 Speaker 4: I mean maybe like the romantic stands? Yeah, But now 26 00:01:35,319 --> 00:01:38,560 Speaker 4: you tell this in the light of twenty twenty four 27 00:01:39,160 --> 00:01:42,520 Speaker 4: makes it sound like the TikTokers are actually onto something. 28 00:01:45,000 --> 00:01:48,120 Speaker 1: I'm Susie BANACHERM and I'm Jessica Bennett. And this is 29 00:01:48,120 --> 00:01:51,120 Speaker 1: in Retrospect, where each week we revisit a cultural moment 30 00:01:51,120 --> 00:01:52,720 Speaker 1: from the past that shaped. 31 00:01:52,480 --> 00:01:54,760 Speaker 4: Us and that we just can't stop thinking about. 32 00:01:55,000 --> 00:01:58,680 Speaker 1: Today, we're talking about Lyle and Eric Menendez, two Beverly 33 00:01:58,760 --> 00:02:01,640 Speaker 1: Hills brothers convicted of killing their parents in a case 34 00:02:01,720 --> 00:02:05,080 Speaker 1: that captivated the nation in the early nineteen nineties. But 35 00:02:05,160 --> 00:02:08,080 Speaker 1: we're also talking about how in recent years they have 36 00:02:08,200 --> 00:02:12,440 Speaker 1: become unlikely social media stars despite being in prison for 37 00:02:12,520 --> 00:02:13,960 Speaker 1: thirty four years. 38 00:02:16,160 --> 00:02:20,639 Speaker 4: Susie, I remember so vividly this era of a number 39 00:02:20,639 --> 00:02:22,840 Speaker 4: of years, when I think I was in high school, 40 00:02:23,120 --> 00:02:27,040 Speaker 4: the Menanda's brother's case just being constantly, constantly on the 41 00:02:27,080 --> 00:02:30,560 Speaker 4: air and on television. But it was with some surprise 42 00:02:30,840 --> 00:02:34,400 Speaker 4: only recently I noticed it was trending on TikTok. 43 00:02:34,960 --> 00:02:36,640 Speaker 3: Is that why you wanted to talk about. 44 00:02:36,360 --> 00:02:39,520 Speaker 1: This, Yes, So I also have this memory of this 45 00:02:39,639 --> 00:02:43,320 Speaker 1: being in the zeitgeist. Like I vaguely knew about this case. 46 00:02:43,360 --> 00:02:46,440 Speaker 1: I wasn't someone who read all the details or watched 47 00:02:46,480 --> 00:02:49,400 Speaker 1: the trial as it was happening. But the story about 48 00:02:49,400 --> 00:02:53,440 Speaker 1: them was always the same story, which was they were 49 00:02:53,480 --> 00:02:58,320 Speaker 1: these two spoiled rich kids from Beverly Hills who had 50 00:02:58,320 --> 00:03:01,680 Speaker 1: everything they wanted. They killed their parents because they wanted 51 00:03:01,680 --> 00:03:04,160 Speaker 1: their inheritance and they wanted the parents out of the way. 52 00:03:04,760 --> 00:03:07,560 Speaker 1: And after they killed them, they went on this wild 53 00:03:07,600 --> 00:03:11,200 Speaker 1: spending spree. So I hadn't really thought about the Menendez 54 00:03:11,240 --> 00:03:13,560 Speaker 1: brothers in a long time. I mean, that's a pretty 55 00:03:14,280 --> 00:03:17,360 Speaker 1: salacious story, and I remember being kind of fascinated by 56 00:03:17,400 --> 00:03:20,360 Speaker 1: the concept of killing your parents for money that you 57 00:03:20,480 --> 00:03:23,120 Speaker 1: already had access to, right right, And I think I 58 00:03:23,160 --> 00:03:25,680 Speaker 1: saw one of the TV movies at the time, although 59 00:03:25,720 --> 00:03:28,679 Speaker 1: I don't remember it that well. But a few years 60 00:03:28,720 --> 00:03:31,679 Speaker 1: ago I did start noticing this on TikTok that occasionally 61 00:03:31,720 --> 00:03:35,960 Speaker 1: in my feed i'd see a video about these brothers. 62 00:03:36,880 --> 00:03:39,280 Speaker 4: Why did the Menandez brothers kill their own parents? 63 00:03:39,440 --> 00:03:41,200 Speaker 3: This is part three of this chilling case. 64 00:03:41,280 --> 00:03:44,000 Speaker 1: Did you hear the latest news about the Menandez brothers. 65 00:03:44,040 --> 00:03:46,320 Speaker 3: Four facts about the Menendez brothers. 66 00:03:46,040 --> 00:03:50,000 Speaker 1: Menandez brothers and Menendez brothers, Menendez, these two brothers should 67 00:03:50,040 --> 00:03:54,120 Speaker 1: be out of prison by now. I sort of just 68 00:03:54,160 --> 00:03:55,800 Speaker 1: took a mental note. I was like, why is there 69 00:03:55,880 --> 00:03:58,440 Speaker 1: renewed interest in this? But I sort of chalked it 70 00:03:58,520 --> 00:04:01,400 Speaker 1: up to how obsessed everyone is with true crime now. 71 00:04:01,960 --> 00:04:05,120 Speaker 1: But then a couple of years ago, Ezra Marcus wrote 72 00:04:05,120 --> 00:04:07,119 Speaker 1: a piece for the New York Times. Did you read 73 00:04:07,120 --> 00:04:10,240 Speaker 1: this piece? Yes? It was called the New Menendez Defenders, 74 00:04:10,320 --> 00:04:14,040 Speaker 1: and it was about how, seemingly out of nowhere, suddenly 75 00:04:14,200 --> 00:04:18,279 Speaker 1: hundreds of accounts on TikTok and Instagram were dedicated to 76 00:04:18,279 --> 00:04:21,160 Speaker 1: the Menendez brothers and how they didn't receive a fair 77 00:04:21,240 --> 00:04:26,680 Speaker 1: trial and how the abuse they suffered during their childhoods 78 00:04:26,760 --> 00:04:27,880 Speaker 1: led to this crime. 79 00:04:28,120 --> 00:04:32,440 Speaker 5: This became a trial by media, completely sensationalized, many believing 80 00:04:32,440 --> 00:04:35,560 Speaker 5: that these two preppy, good looking, rich young men had 81 00:04:35,640 --> 00:04:38,200 Speaker 5: killed their parents for money, and in reality, their motive 82 00:04:38,200 --> 00:04:41,440 Speaker 5: for murder was far more heartbreaking and dare I say understandable. 83 00:04:42,760 --> 00:04:46,040 Speaker 1: I honestly had such a vague memory that there had 84 00:04:46,080 --> 00:04:48,640 Speaker 1: been some abuse allegations. I'm not sure I had ever 85 00:04:48,680 --> 00:04:51,200 Speaker 1: really paid attention to that, so I thought that was 86 00:04:51,240 --> 00:04:54,279 Speaker 1: really interesting. And even the way Ezrah describes these accounts 87 00:04:54,320 --> 00:04:56,720 Speaker 1: as fascinating, right, Like a lot of them are just 88 00:04:56,880 --> 00:05:00,279 Speaker 1: endless clips from the original trials or news were parts 89 00:05:00,279 --> 00:05:03,360 Speaker 1: of the time. But some of them are literal fan 90 00:05:03,440 --> 00:05:07,760 Speaker 1: accounts that are dedicated to how hot the brothers are 91 00:05:08,560 --> 00:05:09,000 Speaker 1: or were. 92 00:05:09,320 --> 00:05:12,680 Speaker 3: I guess is wild. It is the wildest. 93 00:05:12,960 --> 00:05:15,000 Speaker 4: How old were the Menanda's brothers at the time this 94 00:05:15,279 --> 00:05:15,880 Speaker 4: took place. 95 00:05:16,080 --> 00:05:21,400 Speaker 1: They were twenty one and eighteen, and they were very attractive, 96 00:05:21,680 --> 00:05:24,640 Speaker 1: kind of like Beverly Hills preppies at the time. Right, 97 00:05:24,720 --> 00:05:27,120 Speaker 1: A lot was made of their looks. One of the 98 00:05:27,160 --> 00:05:29,480 Speaker 1: reporters who covered them at the time talked about how 99 00:05:29,839 --> 00:05:32,680 Speaker 1: they received thousands of letters a week at the Los 100 00:05:32,720 --> 00:05:36,279 Speaker 1: Angeles County jail when they were on trial. Some of 101 00:05:36,320 --> 00:05:40,279 Speaker 1: them contain nude photos and ropes would line up to 102 00:05:40,360 --> 00:05:45,000 Speaker 1: see the trial. Yes, but these very specific stand culture accounts. 103 00:05:45,080 --> 00:05:48,440 Speaker 1: They have a certain kind of like dreamy, soft focus vibe, 104 00:05:48,560 --> 00:05:52,239 Speaker 1: and there's like music and often with the Menanda's brothers, 105 00:05:52,279 --> 00:05:56,520 Speaker 1: it's stills of them stitched together, often from the trials, 106 00:05:57,640 --> 00:06:01,760 Speaker 1: very weird things. It is amazing like my love Eric 107 00:06:01,800 --> 00:06:05,479 Speaker 1: Menendez or Lyle Menendez, and one of them had a 108 00:06:05,680 --> 00:06:09,800 Speaker 1: video that was captured Happy Birthday King for Eric Menende's birthday, 109 00:06:09,880 --> 00:06:12,200 Speaker 1: and then just like had pictures from his childhood, which 110 00:06:12,200 --> 00:06:14,120 Speaker 1: I also found creepy, Like I was like, what are 111 00:06:14,200 --> 00:06:16,680 Speaker 1: you posting pictures of him when he was like six 112 00:06:16,760 --> 00:06:19,560 Speaker 1: or seven, especially because what we know now of his 113 00:06:19,680 --> 00:06:23,520 Speaker 1: childhood is not great. The other thing that the New 114 00:06:23,600 --> 00:06:27,080 Speaker 1: York Times piece identified was that they're mostly gen z right, 115 00:06:27,120 --> 00:06:29,359 Speaker 1: and that it's a very international crowd. 116 00:06:29,440 --> 00:06:31,240 Speaker 3: Oh, it's an international. 117 00:06:30,560 --> 00:06:39,880 Speaker 1: Crowd, but almost entirely teenagers who have looked at the 118 00:06:39,920 --> 00:06:43,920 Speaker 1: details of this case and have wondered how the stories 119 00:06:43,920 --> 00:06:46,800 Speaker 1: of abuse and we'll get into them were not more 120 00:06:46,839 --> 00:06:48,919 Speaker 1: front and center in the coverage. And it is a 121 00:06:48,920 --> 00:06:52,159 Speaker 1: good question, Like I have now gone back and fallen 122 00:06:52,200 --> 00:06:55,520 Speaker 1: into this rabbit hole, and there's a lot of things 123 00:06:55,560 --> 00:06:56,799 Speaker 1: to think about with this case. 124 00:07:00,800 --> 00:07:02,560 Speaker 4: Okay, So just to take as a step back for 125 00:07:02,600 --> 00:07:05,560 Speaker 4: a minute. I know that these things crop up on 126 00:07:05,640 --> 00:07:08,839 Speaker 4: TikTok and people become obsessed with new subjects from the past, 127 00:07:08,880 --> 00:07:12,000 Speaker 4: and you don't ever really know why. In this moment, 128 00:07:12,240 --> 00:07:16,240 Speaker 4: we are talking again about the menandas brothers. So do 129 00:07:16,320 --> 00:07:20,080 Speaker 4: you know anything about what caused this sudden renewed interest. 130 00:07:20,480 --> 00:07:23,240 Speaker 1: Well, as you say, it's very hard to pinpoint exactly 131 00:07:23,400 --> 00:07:25,960 Speaker 1: why something sort of returns. So the Zeidis, there's a 132 00:07:26,000 --> 00:07:28,960 Speaker 1: couple theories about why. Okay, this has become kind of 133 00:07:29,040 --> 00:07:31,560 Speaker 1: a popular case again, if that's the right way of 134 00:07:31,600 --> 00:07:35,000 Speaker 1: framing it. Any did a documentary about them in twenty seventeen, 135 00:07:35,280 --> 00:07:38,880 Speaker 1: and that didn't get posted on Hulu until twenty nineteen. 136 00:07:39,280 --> 00:07:41,920 Speaker 1: So there's some sense that when that was posted in 137 00:07:41,960 --> 00:07:44,520 Speaker 1: twenty nineteen, Blue, where you know a lot of gen 138 00:07:44,640 --> 00:07:48,440 Speaker 1: z gets their content, they watched this documentary and it 139 00:07:48,520 --> 00:07:50,760 Speaker 1: renewed their interests. That's sort of where it began. And 140 00:07:50,760 --> 00:07:52,400 Speaker 1: one of the social media fans in the New York 141 00:07:52,400 --> 00:07:55,600 Speaker 1: Times piece did talk about watching that A and E documentary, 142 00:07:55,760 --> 00:07:58,520 Speaker 1: So that might have reintroduced this case to a new 143 00:07:58,560 --> 00:08:02,280 Speaker 1: generation of true crime. Yeah, but I think the thing 144 00:08:02,360 --> 00:08:06,880 Speaker 1: that likely had the bigger impact is that during the pandemic, 145 00:08:07,080 --> 00:08:11,160 Speaker 1: Court TV, which aired this trial, Gabble to Gabble, as 146 00:08:11,200 --> 00:08:13,080 Speaker 1: they called it. This was one of the first trials 147 00:08:13,120 --> 00:08:17,400 Speaker 1: where that happened, posted the entire trial to YouTube. 148 00:08:17,040 --> 00:08:19,720 Speaker 6: And we have both jury panels back in the courtroom 149 00:08:19,720 --> 00:08:22,400 Speaker 6: and everyone else is present, the defense may call its 150 00:08:22,400 --> 00:08:23,360 Speaker 6: next witness. 151 00:08:23,800 --> 00:08:26,080 Speaker 5: Thanks, he just blowman Inus. 152 00:08:26,440 --> 00:08:28,600 Speaker 4: And so you know, at a time, oh, when we're 153 00:08:28,640 --> 00:08:30,120 Speaker 4: all at home in the pandemic. 154 00:08:30,280 --> 00:08:33,320 Speaker 1: Yeah, at a time when everyone's at home and desperate 155 00:08:33,400 --> 00:08:36,240 Speaker 1: for like interesting content, I think a lot of kids 156 00:08:36,360 --> 00:08:39,120 Speaker 1: just would have this on all day. And so a 157 00:08:39,160 --> 00:08:43,320 Speaker 1: lot of TikTok and Instagram accounts start posting videos after that, 158 00:08:43,920 --> 00:08:47,640 Speaker 1: and Google searches for the Menanda's brother Spike. In May 159 00:08:47,679 --> 00:08:50,800 Speaker 1: of twenty twenty one, right after Court TV started putting 160 00:08:50,880 --> 00:08:53,920 Speaker 1: the videos on YouTube of the trial. So I suspect 161 00:08:53,960 --> 00:08:56,199 Speaker 1: that had a lot to do with it. And another 162 00:08:56,240 --> 00:08:58,120 Speaker 1: one of the social media supporters from the New York 163 00:08:58,160 --> 00:09:01,480 Speaker 1: Times piece, a twenty something student from London named Jordan Wynn, 164 00:09:01,679 --> 00:09:03,880 Speaker 1: talked about how he watched the entire trial during the 165 00:09:03,880 --> 00:09:07,000 Speaker 1: pandemic and that inspired him to start his Instagram account 166 00:09:07,240 --> 00:09:11,040 Speaker 1: at Menendez supporter got it. But I went through some 167 00:09:11,080 --> 00:09:13,000 Speaker 1: of these accounts last week because it had been a 168 00:09:13,040 --> 00:09:15,600 Speaker 1: while since I looked at them, and I was curious. Yeah, 169 00:09:15,600 --> 00:09:18,520 Speaker 1: and by the way, rip my algorithm. Obviously, I'm just 170 00:09:18,600 --> 00:09:21,040 Speaker 1: going to be served Menendez brother's content from. 171 00:09:20,880 --> 00:09:22,920 Speaker 4: Now on yeah, forever for the rest of your life. 172 00:09:22,960 --> 00:09:26,599 Speaker 1: Sorry. I found that there are still hundreds of accounts 173 00:09:26,920 --> 00:09:30,160 Speaker 1: and they have millions and millions of views, and it 174 00:09:30,320 --> 00:09:34,920 Speaker 1: is fascinating. There's one called Menendez Supporter three hours and 175 00:09:35,559 --> 00:09:38,520 Speaker 1: it has two hundred and sixty five thousand followers and 176 00:09:38,880 --> 00:09:42,160 Speaker 1: almost thirteen million likes on its videos. One of its 177 00:09:42,200 --> 00:09:45,880 Speaker 1: pinned videos has almost sixteen million views and the other 178 00:09:45,920 --> 00:09:47,720 Speaker 1: one has seven million, So it just gives you a 179 00:09:47,760 --> 00:09:51,439 Speaker 1: sense of how popular this content is. And the most 180 00:09:51,440 --> 00:09:55,959 Speaker 1: popular accounts tend to be mostly news clips or news 181 00:09:55,960 --> 00:09:58,959 Speaker 1: reports from the time, clips from the TV movies. There 182 00:09:59,040 --> 00:10:01,520 Speaker 1: was a Law and Order special. They did a limited 183 00:10:01,600 --> 00:10:04,080 Speaker 1: series that was just the Menendez brothers a few years ago. 184 00:10:04,520 --> 00:10:08,440 Speaker 1: Clips from that seemed to do pretty well. Another element 185 00:10:08,760 --> 00:10:11,840 Speaker 1: of what's happened here in terms of renewed interest is 186 00:10:11,840 --> 00:10:15,000 Speaker 1: there's a change dot org petition. It was started in 187 00:10:15,080 --> 00:10:18,960 Speaker 1: March of twenty nineteen and it has about three hundred 188 00:10:19,000 --> 00:10:23,680 Speaker 1: thousand signatures. But weirdly, it's a petition to Leslie Abramson, who, 189 00:10:23,679 --> 00:10:27,960 Speaker 1: if you don't know, was Eric's lawyer during his initial trials, 190 00:10:28,400 --> 00:10:30,559 Speaker 1: and she's kind of a big character herself. She was 191 00:10:30,640 --> 00:10:33,240 Speaker 1: a petition to do what well to you know, I 192 00:10:33,280 --> 00:10:36,560 Speaker 1: guess file another appeal. But she's not their appellet attorney. 193 00:10:36,920 --> 00:10:39,199 Speaker 1: She's not involved in their case anymore at all. 194 00:10:39,440 --> 00:10:42,280 Speaker 4: Okay, So it's a petition to their former lawyer to 195 00:10:42,559 --> 00:10:44,760 Speaker 4: file a new appeal on their case. 196 00:10:45,000 --> 00:10:48,360 Speaker 1: Yeah, which gives you a sense of how plugged in 197 00:10:48,720 --> 00:10:51,160 Speaker 1: these kids are to the reality of what's happened to 198 00:10:51,240 --> 00:10:55,200 Speaker 1: the wrong person. Okay, God, but I found this also fascinating. 199 00:10:55,200 --> 00:10:58,439 Speaker 1: There was an LA Times piece recently and they reached 200 00:10:58,440 --> 00:11:00,840 Speaker 1: out to Leslie Abramson just to get her take on 201 00:11:00,880 --> 00:11:04,520 Speaker 1: what's happening. Oh okay, and she said she doesn't discuss 202 00:11:04,559 --> 00:11:06,920 Speaker 1: the case anymore. And then there's this quote from her, 203 00:11:07,240 --> 00:11:10,760 Speaker 1: I am still harassed by TV producers, high school kids 204 00:11:10,840 --> 00:11:14,680 Speaker 1: and nutcases who promise to get my clients out of prison. 205 00:11:14,960 --> 00:11:17,240 Speaker 1: Oh she said it an email. I have nothing else 206 00:11:17,240 --> 00:11:19,240 Speaker 1: to say to you. But I was like high school kids, Like, 207 00:11:19,360 --> 00:11:22,520 Speaker 1: imagine how many of these TikTokers must be reaching out 208 00:11:22,720 --> 00:11:23,920 Speaker 1: to Leslie Abramson. 209 00:11:24,160 --> 00:11:24,400 Speaker 7: Wow. 210 00:11:24,559 --> 00:11:26,959 Speaker 1: And you know, Leslie Abramson I think is in her 211 00:11:27,000 --> 00:11:29,960 Speaker 1: eighties now, Like she's probably like, who are these kids? 212 00:11:30,000 --> 00:11:30,200 Speaker 7: Wow? 213 00:11:30,320 --> 00:11:33,559 Speaker 1: She's like get going, literally, get all of my law, 214 00:11:33,720 --> 00:11:36,200 Speaker 1: and she probably has no way of understanding what the 215 00:11:36,200 --> 00:11:40,320 Speaker 1: fuck they're talking about. She doesn't know what stan accounts are, 216 00:11:40,480 --> 00:11:42,559 Speaker 1: So yes, it's just I do think it's kind of 217 00:11:42,559 --> 00:11:46,200 Speaker 1: a hilarious twist that she's sort of been dragged into 218 00:11:46,200 --> 00:11:49,040 Speaker 1: this and is suddenly being contacted by children all around 219 00:11:49,040 --> 00:11:52,160 Speaker 1: the world. But it's not just kids. Rosie O'Donnell the 220 00:11:52,360 --> 00:11:55,240 Speaker 1: actress and former talk show host. She is a big 221 00:11:55,240 --> 00:11:58,920 Speaker 1: defender of the Menanda's brothers. She recently interviewed Lyle from 222 00:11:58,960 --> 00:12:02,240 Speaker 1: prison for her podcast It's a Very Special Episode. 223 00:12:02,880 --> 00:12:06,640 Speaker 8: I talked for the full hour to Lyele Menendez, who 224 00:12:06,679 --> 00:12:10,080 Speaker 8: has been in prison for thirty four years for the 225 00:12:10,800 --> 00:12:14,800 Speaker 8: killing of both of his parents after a lifetime of 226 00:12:15,200 --> 00:12:16,640 Speaker 8: child abuse and incest. 227 00:12:17,200 --> 00:12:19,800 Speaker 1: And she did an interview with cour TV, and she 228 00:12:19,880 --> 00:12:23,000 Speaker 1: said that she felt like the brothers didn't deserve to 229 00:12:23,000 --> 00:12:25,560 Speaker 1: still be in jail, and that she grew up in 230 00:12:25,559 --> 00:12:29,240 Speaker 1: a family with an abuse dynamic and that she believed 231 00:12:29,240 --> 00:12:32,840 Speaker 1: that they had been abused and really believed that their 232 00:12:32,920 --> 00:12:33,840 Speaker 1: lives were in danger. 233 00:12:34,160 --> 00:12:38,040 Speaker 4: Okay, so for people who don't remember, remind us what 234 00:12:38,280 --> 00:12:41,120 Speaker 4: was the situation with the brothers and their trials and 235 00:12:41,160 --> 00:12:42,360 Speaker 4: how long have they been in prison. 236 00:12:42,520 --> 00:12:46,160 Speaker 1: They've been in prison for thirty four years, and there 237 00:12:46,200 --> 00:12:48,040 Speaker 1: are just a lot of wild twists and turns to 238 00:12:48,080 --> 00:12:51,880 Speaker 1: the story. I actually do think it's fascinating. I understand 239 00:12:51,920 --> 00:12:55,440 Speaker 1: why it captured the imagination of the country then and 240 00:12:55,480 --> 00:12:59,040 Speaker 1: why it's capturing the imagination of all these kids now. 241 00:12:59,240 --> 00:13:01,720 Speaker 1: In a lot of ways, felt like a story made 242 00:13:01,760 --> 00:13:04,880 Speaker 1: for the tabloids. Right he was in LA there was 243 00:13:05,000 --> 00:13:08,160 Speaker 1: immediate interest in it. It felt like a TV movie 244 00:13:08,160 --> 00:13:25,520 Speaker 1: from the start. So here are the particulars of the crime. 245 00:13:25,679 --> 00:13:29,160 Speaker 1: Two brothers, Lyle and Eric Mendez. They were twenty one 246 00:13:29,280 --> 00:13:32,200 Speaker 1: and eighteen at the time of the murders, whose parents, 247 00:13:32,280 --> 00:13:36,120 Speaker 1: Jose and Kitty Menendez, were brutally murdered in the family 248 00:13:36,160 --> 00:13:40,840 Speaker 1: home in August of nineteen eighty nine. And initially this 249 00:13:40,960 --> 00:13:44,120 Speaker 1: seemed just like a random crime. The boys called it 250 00:13:44,200 --> 00:13:47,520 Speaker 1: in to nine one one. The father, Jose, who was 251 00:13:47,520 --> 00:13:53,319 Speaker 1: this very successful, wealthy and powerful Hollywood executive who had 252 00:13:53,360 --> 00:13:55,920 Speaker 1: sort of lived the American dream. He had immigrated to 253 00:13:56,000 --> 00:13:58,400 Speaker 1: America from Cuba with very little money and he'd made 254 00:13:58,440 --> 00:14:00,880 Speaker 1: all his own money. There was some set that maybe 255 00:14:01,320 --> 00:14:05,160 Speaker 1: this was a mob hit or somehow related to his business. 256 00:14:05,240 --> 00:14:07,400 Speaker 1: Because he was this big wig executive. 257 00:14:07,600 --> 00:14:10,280 Speaker 8: It's not supposed to happen in Beverly Hills. A movie 258 00:14:10,320 --> 00:14:13,320 Speaker 8: executive and his wife were brutally slain and their million 259 00:14:13,360 --> 00:14:14,079 Speaker 8: dollar mansion. 260 00:14:14,440 --> 00:14:18,319 Speaker 1: There were no clues and no suspects. The crime initially 261 00:14:18,679 --> 00:14:23,240 Speaker 1: was treated as just a random crime that had happened 262 00:14:23,240 --> 00:14:27,040 Speaker 1: to this family, and the family had always projected this 263 00:14:27,240 --> 00:14:32,240 Speaker 1: really all American family dynamic, right, successful dad, pretty blonde mom. 264 00:14:32,840 --> 00:14:36,080 Speaker 1: The two sons were very handsome. Lyle was at Princeton, 265 00:14:36,320 --> 00:14:39,240 Speaker 1: Eric had been accepted at UCLA. So they seemed like 266 00:14:39,400 --> 00:14:43,520 Speaker 1: classic Beverly Hills kids and Beverly Hills nine oh two 267 00:14:43,560 --> 00:14:47,320 Speaker 1: and oh. The show actually debuted in October of nineteen ninety, 268 00:14:47,360 --> 00:14:49,840 Speaker 1: so the year okay, the year after, Yeah, so that 269 00:14:49,880 --> 00:14:55,280 Speaker 1: image would have been very much in the zeitgeist. So 270 00:14:55,760 --> 00:14:58,680 Speaker 1: initially there was a lot of sympathy for the boys. Right, 271 00:14:58,680 --> 00:15:01,720 Speaker 1: they were victims. I'll called nine one one after they 272 00:15:02,080 --> 00:15:04,160 Speaker 1: quotes found their parents. 273 00:15:04,280 --> 00:15:06,560 Speaker 4: Waits was the story that they had come home and 274 00:15:06,600 --> 00:15:07,560 Speaker 4: found the parents dead. 275 00:15:07,840 --> 00:15:09,960 Speaker 1: Yeah, I mean I assume that that's kind of the 276 00:15:10,000 --> 00:15:12,120 Speaker 1: story they told. Right. The story was they came home, 277 00:15:12,200 --> 00:15:15,280 Speaker 1: they found their parents dead, got it? But the story 278 00:15:15,360 --> 00:15:18,720 Speaker 1: really blows up because the brothers do end up turning 279 00:15:18,760 --> 00:15:21,880 Speaker 1: themselves in in March of nineteen ninety okay, and admitting 280 00:15:21,960 --> 00:15:24,880 Speaker 1: to the murder. So there really isn't a doubt. They 281 00:15:24,920 --> 00:15:29,720 Speaker 1: have admitted for almost thirty four years that they murdered 282 00:15:29,760 --> 00:15:33,560 Speaker 1: their parents, but it wasn't really clear why. And the 283 00:15:33,640 --> 00:15:37,000 Speaker 1: reason they even got caught is because Eric was seeing 284 00:15:37,040 --> 00:15:40,720 Speaker 1: a therapist, Eric who is the younger brother, and he 285 00:15:40,800 --> 00:15:44,240 Speaker 1: confessed to the therapist, and in a really weird twist, 286 00:15:44,560 --> 00:15:47,920 Speaker 1: the therapist mistress got mad at him about something. The 287 00:15:47,920 --> 00:15:52,200 Speaker 1: therapist mistress, Yes, the therapist mistress got mad a therapist 288 00:15:52,200 --> 00:15:56,240 Speaker 1: about something and in a rage, told the police that 289 00:15:56,480 --> 00:15:59,360 Speaker 1: the therapist had told her that he had this tape 290 00:15:59,360 --> 00:16:02,760 Speaker 1: recording a session wither he confessed to the murder. So 291 00:16:02,840 --> 00:16:05,320 Speaker 1: it was this very convoluted way that they got caught. 292 00:16:05,640 --> 00:16:06,920 Speaker 3: I mean, you can see why. 293 00:16:06,960 --> 00:16:09,720 Speaker 4: This is like the perfect made for TV. So there's 294 00:16:09,760 --> 00:16:11,920 Speaker 4: even a mistress involved. 295 00:16:11,560 --> 00:16:14,920 Speaker 1: And the police almost immediately started making statements about how 296 00:16:15,040 --> 00:16:18,480 Speaker 1: savage these murders were. These were really bloody murders. The 297 00:16:18,520 --> 00:16:21,440 Speaker 1: crime scene was incredibly bloody. Jose the father was shot 298 00:16:21,480 --> 00:16:24,640 Speaker 1: six times and the mother Kitty was shot ten times. 299 00:16:24,720 --> 00:16:27,040 Speaker 1: Oh wow, So it was I think what they referred 300 00:16:27,040 --> 00:16:30,600 Speaker 1: to as overkill. The brutality of the murders is commented 301 00:16:30,640 --> 00:16:32,880 Speaker 1: on a lot in the media. It's part of what 302 00:16:33,040 --> 00:16:36,920 Speaker 1: really sways public opinion away from the boys. And then 303 00:16:37,200 --> 00:16:41,040 Speaker 1: there are really two other things that get a lot 304 00:16:41,040 --> 00:16:44,880 Speaker 1: of attention. The first is that after the murderers, the 305 00:16:44,960 --> 00:16:48,240 Speaker 1: boys seem to have gone on what is described in 306 00:16:48,280 --> 00:16:50,160 Speaker 1: the press as a spending spree. 307 00:16:50,320 --> 00:16:52,720 Speaker 7: They didn't do a very good job of acting their 308 00:16:52,840 --> 00:16:56,360 Speaker 7: roles of grieving sun police say the boys went on 309 00:16:56,360 --> 00:17:00,480 Speaker 7: a wild spending spree, and unlike the relatives of most 310 00:17:00,560 --> 00:17:03,320 Speaker 7: murdered vities, the Menandoz boys did not seem to take 311 00:17:03,400 --> 00:17:06,560 Speaker 7: much interest in the police search for their parents' murderers. 312 00:17:06,760 --> 00:17:09,400 Speaker 1: So this sort of supports the idea that they're motivated 313 00:17:09,440 --> 00:17:12,119 Speaker 1: by greed and just wanted access to their father's money. 314 00:17:12,359 --> 00:17:14,800 Speaker 7: Right, Why did you need to buy a Rolex watch 315 00:17:14,920 --> 00:17:16,919 Speaker 7: four days after your parents were killed? 316 00:17:18,320 --> 00:17:18,960 Speaker 9: I didn't need to. 317 00:17:19,840 --> 00:17:23,359 Speaker 1: You wanted to. Lyle bought a Porsche and a Rolex 318 00:17:23,560 --> 00:17:28,000 Speaker 1: and randomly a hot Wings restaurant in Princeton, New Jersey, 319 00:17:28,119 --> 00:17:31,920 Speaker 1: which I don't even know. That's a strange investment. They 320 00:17:31,960 --> 00:17:33,879 Speaker 1: moved out of the house, which I guess is not 321 00:17:33,960 --> 00:17:36,080 Speaker 1: weird since there had been these brutal murders there, But 322 00:17:36,160 --> 00:17:40,119 Speaker 1: they moved into adjoining condos, which I think people found odd. 323 00:17:40,760 --> 00:17:43,960 Speaker 1: Eric hired a full time tennis coach and went on 324 00:17:44,000 --> 00:17:47,639 Speaker 1: the tennis circuit. But playing in the tennis like semi 325 00:17:47,720 --> 00:17:48,800 Speaker 1: professional tendants are. 326 00:17:48,680 --> 00:17:52,359 Speaker 4: Good even if they hadn't murdered them. Strange way to 327 00:17:52,400 --> 00:17:54,960 Speaker 4: behave if your parents have just been murdered and you 328 00:17:55,000 --> 00:17:56,200 Speaker 4: don't want to look suspicious. 329 00:17:56,520 --> 00:17:59,199 Speaker 1: So that's the interesting thing. I read that some of 330 00:17:59,240 --> 00:18:02,240 Speaker 1: their family after all this came out, said, actually, these 331 00:18:02,280 --> 00:18:04,560 Speaker 1: were just their spending habits, like this is just how 332 00:18:04,560 --> 00:18:06,680 Speaker 1: they spent money. Oh, this was normal, and that this 333 00:18:07,000 --> 00:18:09,840 Speaker 1: may have seemed odd if you were grieving, but they 334 00:18:09,920 --> 00:18:12,919 Speaker 1: just spent money like crazy, and so they may just 335 00:18:12,960 --> 00:18:16,280 Speaker 1: have not understood that they needed to shift their behavior. 336 00:18:16,520 --> 00:18:19,120 Speaker 4: That's so like to the rest of America. When it's 337 00:18:19,119 --> 00:18:22,480 Speaker 4: now being reported in the press, it's insane because I 338 00:18:22,520 --> 00:18:25,000 Speaker 4: think this family, but if you live in that bubble 339 00:18:25,040 --> 00:18:27,080 Speaker 4: in Beverly Hills, maybe you do right. 340 00:18:27,160 --> 00:18:30,080 Speaker 1: But in the press, this spending spree is treated as 341 00:18:30,160 --> 00:18:34,679 Speaker 1: a clear sign that they're just absolutely entitled greedy brats 342 00:18:34,680 --> 00:18:37,200 Speaker 1: who were after the money. And that's really the second 343 00:18:37,280 --> 00:18:40,240 Speaker 1: thing I think that really sways public opinion against them. 344 00:18:40,600 --> 00:18:43,719 Speaker 1: They have this very clear motive. The motive is money. 345 00:18:44,119 --> 00:18:46,919 Speaker 1: That their father's estate is worth fourteen million dollars. The 346 00:18:46,960 --> 00:18:50,919 Speaker 1: two brothers are the sole beneficiaries of that fourteen million dollars, okay, 347 00:18:51,000 --> 00:18:54,000 Speaker 1: And one of the things that circulated was that maybe 348 00:18:54,040 --> 00:18:57,320 Speaker 1: he had been planning to withdraw them from his will 349 00:18:57,480 --> 00:18:59,600 Speaker 1: or he was planning on cutting them off. So the 350 00:18:59,640 --> 00:19:02,119 Speaker 1: motive was they wanted access to the money and they 351 00:19:02,200 --> 00:19:05,480 Speaker 1: wanted to secure that access forever. The other thing that 352 00:19:05,520 --> 00:19:07,960 Speaker 1: police revealed during this time is that they had become 353 00:19:08,000 --> 00:19:11,520 Speaker 1: suspicious of the brothers fairly early on. You know, at 354 00:19:11,560 --> 00:19:13,800 Speaker 1: the crime scene, they weren't suspicious of them. They didn't 355 00:19:13,800 --> 00:19:17,200 Speaker 1: actually test to see if they had fired guns recently, 356 00:19:17,200 --> 00:19:19,920 Speaker 1: which is very common if you're a suspect in a crime. 357 00:19:19,960 --> 00:19:21,920 Speaker 1: That really would have made a big difference, I think 358 00:19:21,960 --> 00:19:24,440 Speaker 1: in this case, but they weren't tested for that. They 359 00:19:24,440 --> 00:19:27,400 Speaker 1: really were initially treated like grieving suns, but the police 360 00:19:27,400 --> 00:19:31,720 Speaker 1: felt that they weren't really acting like grieving suns. 361 00:19:31,920 --> 00:19:35,720 Speaker 4: It's so interesting because hearing it now, You're like, Okay, 362 00:19:35,880 --> 00:19:40,119 Speaker 4: if this wasn't an uber, wealthy Beverly Hills family, isn't 363 00:19:40,160 --> 00:19:43,000 Speaker 4: the person who finds about it always the first suspect? 364 00:19:43,200 --> 00:19:43,400 Speaker 2: Yeah? 365 00:19:43,480 --> 00:19:45,480 Speaker 1: I mean, honestly, everything I know about this I know 366 00:19:45,520 --> 00:19:47,600 Speaker 1: from law and order, So I have no idea what 367 00:19:47,760 --> 00:19:48,160 Speaker 1: it's like. 368 00:19:48,160 --> 00:19:50,080 Speaker 3: Standard protocol in this case. 369 00:19:50,280 --> 00:19:53,560 Speaker 1: But I assume that usually you would be a suspect 370 00:19:53,640 --> 00:19:56,800 Speaker 1: if both your parents were murdered and you happened upon 371 00:19:56,840 --> 00:19:59,800 Speaker 1: them in your home. But I think in general, this 372 00:20:00,000 --> 00:20:02,400 Speaker 1: case was so out of the ordinary. Murders like this 373 00:20:02,480 --> 00:20:05,160 Speaker 1: just did not happen in Beverly Hills, So I think 374 00:20:05,200 --> 00:20:08,640 Speaker 1: in general the police were caught a little flat footed 375 00:20:08,760 --> 00:20:12,199 Speaker 1: at the top. And what eventually happens here though, and 376 00:20:12,280 --> 00:20:15,120 Speaker 1: this is really the crux of what these new fans 377 00:20:15,160 --> 00:20:18,720 Speaker 1: are really focused on, is that the brothers attorneys come 378 00:20:18,720 --> 00:20:22,560 Speaker 1: forward and say that their clients actually acted in self defense. 379 00:20:23,119 --> 00:20:26,280 Speaker 1: They killed their parents because they had been suffering from 380 00:20:26,440 --> 00:20:29,719 Speaker 1: years of emotional and sexual abuse, that the father had 381 00:20:29,760 --> 00:20:32,680 Speaker 1: been sexually abusing these boys for the majority of their lives. 382 00:20:33,160 --> 00:20:37,040 Speaker 1: And at the point that that story starts to be 383 00:20:37,119 --> 00:20:39,680 Speaker 1: put forward by the boys attorneys, there has been three 384 00:20:39,760 --> 00:20:43,800 Speaker 1: years where the majority of the public perception has been 385 00:20:43,880 --> 00:20:46,880 Speaker 1: shaped by the prosecution side of the story. Yeah, and 386 00:20:46,960 --> 00:20:51,159 Speaker 1: so no one really believed that they were victims themselves, 387 00:20:51,240 --> 00:20:53,320 Speaker 1: and in fact, the prosecutors said this was just an 388 00:20:53,359 --> 00:20:56,680 Speaker 1: attempt to assassinate the characters of the real victims, which 389 00:20:56,680 --> 00:21:00,320 Speaker 1: were their parents. So going into the trial, I think 390 00:21:00,359 --> 00:21:02,680 Speaker 1: it was safe to say that most people thought that 391 00:21:02,720 --> 00:21:04,919 Speaker 1: this was an open and shycase and that the brothers 392 00:21:04,920 --> 00:21:07,600 Speaker 1: were just going to go to jail. And one other 393 00:21:07,720 --> 00:21:10,240 Speaker 1: sort of interesting thing about this is that this was 394 00:21:10,240 --> 00:21:13,879 Speaker 1: considered a landmark case because this was the first time 395 00:21:14,440 --> 00:21:17,520 Speaker 1: that lawyers were going to use the same defense used 396 00:21:17,560 --> 00:21:21,720 Speaker 1: in domestic violence cases, which is that the homicide was 397 00:21:21,800 --> 00:21:24,280 Speaker 1: in self defense and they feared for their lives. But 398 00:21:24,320 --> 00:21:27,360 Speaker 1: it's what's referred to as imperfect self defense because you're 399 00:21:27,359 --> 00:21:30,000 Speaker 1: not literally with a knife to your throat, but you 400 00:21:30,119 --> 00:21:33,800 Speaker 1: feel that your life is in danger. And this hadn't 401 00:21:33,840 --> 00:21:36,880 Speaker 1: been tested before outside of domestic violence, so in that sense, 402 00:21:36,920 --> 00:21:37,400 Speaker 1: it was like a. 403 00:21:37,359 --> 00:21:39,720 Speaker 4: Really interesting So it hadn't been used in a child 404 00:21:39,720 --> 00:21:40,679 Speaker 4: abuse case before. 405 00:21:40,800 --> 00:21:42,679 Speaker 1: No, and in the nineties, this was just considered a 406 00:21:42,720 --> 00:21:46,280 Speaker 1: shocking defense. Right. Conversations like this around sexual abuse certainly 407 00:21:46,359 --> 00:21:49,359 Speaker 1: about sexual abuse between a father and his sons just 408 00:21:49,480 --> 00:21:52,760 Speaker 1: did not happen in the open. And so when this 409 00:21:52,880 --> 00:21:57,320 Speaker 1: trial began in nineteen ninety three, it was just a 410 00:21:57,760 --> 00:22:01,399 Speaker 1: huge case. There was an intense amount of attention. It 411 00:22:01,520 --> 00:22:04,359 Speaker 1: was broadcast in its entirety, as I said, gavel to 412 00:22:04,400 --> 00:22:07,600 Speaker 1: gabble as they called it on court TV. And in 413 00:22:07,640 --> 00:22:12,000 Speaker 1: the opening statements, the lawyers for the Menanda's brothers really 414 00:22:12,040 --> 00:22:13,479 Speaker 1: get into the sexual abuse. 415 00:22:13,840 --> 00:22:15,800 Speaker 4: Yeah, I was going to ask you what evidence did 416 00:22:15,800 --> 00:22:17,280 Speaker 4: they provide for the sexual abuse. 417 00:22:17,560 --> 00:22:21,520 Speaker 1: There actually was a lot of contemporary US evidence, which 418 00:22:21,520 --> 00:22:23,800 Speaker 1: obviously you and I now understand is one of the 419 00:22:23,800 --> 00:22:26,439 Speaker 1: ways that you corroborate sexual abuse. But I think this 420 00:22:26,600 --> 00:22:29,720 Speaker 1: wasn't like a very well understood field, And as you 421 00:22:29,760 --> 00:22:31,679 Speaker 1: and I have talked about, there is sort of the 422 00:22:31,720 --> 00:22:34,560 Speaker 1: sense of how victims are supposed to behave, and so 423 00:22:35,000 --> 00:22:37,159 Speaker 1: there was a lot of questions around this. But the 424 00:22:37,200 --> 00:22:39,959 Speaker 1: defense really paints this house as a house of horrors, 425 00:22:40,000 --> 00:22:43,920 Speaker 1: and there were many witnesses to it, like friends, families, 426 00:22:44,040 --> 00:22:48,520 Speaker 1: colleagues came forward and supported the brothers version of events. 427 00:22:48,520 --> 00:22:51,800 Speaker 1: The picture of Jose Menendez was essentially one of a 428 00:22:51,920 --> 00:22:56,080 Speaker 1: terrifying monster and Kitty as an alcoholic with a drug 429 00:22:56,119 --> 00:22:59,399 Speaker 1: abuse problem who was also emotionally abusive to the boys 430 00:22:59,760 --> 00:23:03,359 Speaker 1: and knew about the sexual abuse and did nothing about it. 431 00:23:03,600 --> 00:23:06,840 Speaker 4: And were they painting the father as physically and sexually abusive? 432 00:23:06,920 --> 00:23:07,840 Speaker 3: What had the people. 433 00:23:07,600 --> 00:23:11,520 Speaker 1: Witnessed, Yes, bruises, marx, etc. Okay, so they had not 434 00:23:11,600 --> 00:23:14,520 Speaker 1: witnessed the sexual abuse, but the boys had told some 435 00:23:14,560 --> 00:23:18,280 Speaker 1: of their cousins about the sexual abuse contemporaneously, So there 436 00:23:18,520 --> 00:23:20,879 Speaker 1: was a sense that this had gone on for years. 437 00:23:20,920 --> 00:23:23,720 Speaker 1: And you know, you would expect that if two people 438 00:23:23,720 --> 00:23:27,800 Speaker 1: were brutally murdered, their family would want to support them. 439 00:23:28,119 --> 00:23:30,320 Speaker 1: But for the most part, family came out in support 440 00:23:30,359 --> 00:23:33,400 Speaker 1: of the brothers because they really had seen that they 441 00:23:33,400 --> 00:23:34,639 Speaker 1: were treated pretty badly. 442 00:23:35,040 --> 00:23:37,879 Speaker 4: Had they also confessed the abuse to the therapist? 443 00:23:38,200 --> 00:23:40,400 Speaker 1: No, So that's I think one of the things that's interesting. 444 00:23:40,800 --> 00:23:43,240 Speaker 1: It seems that they had not confessed the abuse to 445 00:23:43,280 --> 00:23:44,879 Speaker 1: the therapist, and that was one of the things that 446 00:23:45,000 --> 00:23:48,000 Speaker 1: was used against them in the trial. But I think 447 00:23:48,040 --> 00:23:51,240 Speaker 1: that that's one thing that is part of that imperfect 448 00:23:51,440 --> 00:23:54,320 Speaker 1: victim trope that we talk about. I think for boys, 449 00:23:54,440 --> 00:23:59,800 Speaker 1: especially young men, talking about your father pretty brutally raping you, 450 00:23:59,840 --> 00:24:02,320 Speaker 1: the scenes that they end up describing. They both take 451 00:24:02,359 --> 00:24:05,240 Speaker 1: the stand. They both describe these scenes. 452 00:24:05,240 --> 00:24:07,359 Speaker 9: That started out with him coming in my bedroom and 453 00:24:07,400 --> 00:24:09,000 Speaker 9: telling me to get on my knees. I was on 454 00:24:09,040 --> 00:24:09,600 Speaker 9: the bed at the. 455 00:24:09,560 --> 00:24:12,080 Speaker 1: Time, and that was fairly common, wasn't it. Yes? 456 00:24:12,520 --> 00:24:14,439 Speaker 4: What did he tell you about telling people? 457 00:24:19,640 --> 00:24:24,760 Speaker 6: He just said that it was our secret. The bad 458 00:24:24,840 --> 00:24:32,320 Speaker 6: thing is what happened to me if I told anybody? 459 00:24:33,840 --> 00:24:35,040 Speaker 6: And I told him I never would. 460 00:24:36,480 --> 00:24:38,880 Speaker 1: And when he came back with the knife, what did 461 00:24:38,920 --> 00:24:39,520 Speaker 1: he do with it? 462 00:24:39,600 --> 00:24:42,160 Speaker 9: If anything, he put it on my neck. He put 463 00:24:42,160 --> 00:24:44,000 Speaker 9: his hand on my head and put the knife on 464 00:24:44,040 --> 00:24:44,440 Speaker 9: my neck. 465 00:24:45,480 --> 00:24:46,520 Speaker 1: Did he threaten you with it? 466 00:24:46,840 --> 00:24:47,159 Speaker 9: Yes? 467 00:24:47,200 --> 00:24:47,880 Speaker 1: What did he say? 468 00:24:48,359 --> 00:24:50,800 Speaker 9: He said I should kill you and next time I will. 469 00:24:51,240 --> 00:24:52,480 Speaker 1: And did you believe him? 470 00:24:52,760 --> 00:24:53,080 Speaker 9: Yes? 471 00:24:54,160 --> 00:24:59,560 Speaker 1: Really really disturbing details, like one of the brothers talked 472 00:24:59,600 --> 00:25:03,520 Speaker 1: about how he ate just an enormous amount of ketchup 473 00:25:03,800 --> 00:25:07,960 Speaker 1: and always needed lemons nearby. Was it at some point 474 00:25:08,040 --> 00:25:11,600 Speaker 1: after you were eleven years old that you developed a 475 00:25:11,680 --> 00:25:13,479 Speaker 1: rather peculiar eating habit. 476 00:25:15,400 --> 00:25:18,480 Speaker 9: Yes, I used a lot of lemon in my food. 477 00:25:19,000 --> 00:25:20,679 Speaker 1: And what do you mean by you? And no one 478 00:25:20,720 --> 00:25:22,840 Speaker 1: in the family understood why. It was a weird kind 479 00:25:22,840 --> 00:25:27,000 Speaker 1: of like obsession with lemons, and he testified during the 480 00:25:27,040 --> 00:25:29,040 Speaker 1: trial that it was because that's what he used to 481 00:25:29,040 --> 00:25:31,600 Speaker 1: get the taste of his father semen out of his mouth. 482 00:25:32,920 --> 00:25:35,000 Speaker 4: WHOA, that is a fascinating detail. 483 00:25:35,040 --> 00:25:38,080 Speaker 1: It's a fascinating detail, but it's so upsetting. The details 484 00:25:38,160 --> 00:25:41,879 Speaker 1: are really specific, and I think also hard to imagine 485 00:25:41,880 --> 00:25:45,600 Speaker 1: that these details are lies, because what kind of lie 486 00:25:45,680 --> 00:25:47,600 Speaker 1: is that? That's not a lie you make up? Right, 487 00:25:47,640 --> 00:25:50,760 Speaker 1: it's so very specific the thing. But the media is 488 00:25:51,359 --> 00:25:54,640 Speaker 1: not buying it. They are really skeptical of the defense, 489 00:25:55,200 --> 00:25:58,520 Speaker 1: and from what I can tell, almost the majority of 490 00:25:58,680 --> 00:26:02,520 Speaker 1: the media coverage at the time is incredibly pro prosecution. 491 00:26:03,280 --> 00:26:06,159 Speaker 1: A lot of talk of this defense refers to it 492 00:26:06,200 --> 00:26:10,400 Speaker 1: as the abuse defense or the abuse excuse, and they 493 00:26:10,520 --> 00:26:12,679 Speaker 1: just are like, this is a lie, and even if 494 00:26:12,720 --> 00:26:16,280 Speaker 1: it's true, it isn't an excuse for murder, which you know, 495 00:26:16,520 --> 00:26:19,800 Speaker 1: the lawyers for the brothers weren't arguing that it was 496 00:26:19,840 --> 00:26:22,440 Speaker 1: an excuse for murder. They were saying that it meant 497 00:26:22,520 --> 00:26:26,639 Speaker 1: that the murders were actually manslaughter. Right, the way that 498 00:26:26,800 --> 00:26:30,399 Speaker 1: they should consider this crime was as a manslaughter crime 499 00:26:30,520 --> 00:26:34,680 Speaker 1: rather than a murder crime. Because of the corroborating evidence 500 00:26:34,720 --> 00:26:38,240 Speaker 1: of this abuse. Yeah, and by the time the boys testify, 501 00:26:38,359 --> 00:26:41,800 Speaker 1: it's already a huge, huge circus. And then I think 502 00:26:41,840 --> 00:26:45,359 Speaker 1: this really dramatic and emotional testimony from the brothers. These 503 00:26:45,440 --> 00:26:48,960 Speaker 1: intense descriptions of abuse are just not something most people 504 00:26:49,119 --> 00:26:52,480 Speaker 1: have ever heard in their lives. This is the early nineties. 505 00:26:52,480 --> 00:26:53,920 Speaker 1: These aren't things that people talk about. 506 00:26:54,080 --> 00:26:55,840 Speaker 4: And so to be clear that their testimony is being 507 00:26:55,840 --> 00:26:57,400 Speaker 4: aired live, right, Yes. 508 00:26:57,280 --> 00:27:01,439 Speaker 1: This like incredibly dramatic testimony is ying aired live. Lyle 509 00:27:01,520 --> 00:27:04,880 Speaker 1: testifies that his father has been sexually abusing him since 510 00:27:04,920 --> 00:27:07,119 Speaker 1: he was six years old, but that at some point 511 00:27:07,160 --> 00:27:07,760 Speaker 1: he stopped. 512 00:27:08,480 --> 00:27:10,760 Speaker 7: How old were you when this stopped? 513 00:27:13,560 --> 00:27:17,159 Speaker 9: Eight? When you were about thirteen? 514 00:27:19,119 --> 00:27:21,480 Speaker 5: Did you think that it might be happening to someone else? 515 00:27:23,600 --> 00:27:27,800 Speaker 9: Yes, sir? And who did you think it was happening to? Eric? 516 00:27:29,280 --> 00:27:32,639 Speaker 1: And then Eric is crying while he watches Lyle his 517 00:27:32,720 --> 00:27:36,840 Speaker 1: older brother testify, And then Eric testifies, and he says 518 00:27:37,080 --> 00:27:38,800 Speaker 1: that the abuse never stopped for him. 519 00:27:39,080 --> 00:27:41,119 Speaker 10: I told him that things between dad and I were 520 00:27:41,160 --> 00:27:47,159 Speaker 10: still happening and that, and he kept asking what I 521 00:27:47,240 --> 00:27:49,280 Speaker 10: was talking about. Did you tell him what you were 522 00:27:49,320 --> 00:27:51,640 Speaker 10: telling Finally I told him I told him they were 523 00:27:51,680 --> 00:27:53,680 Speaker 10: just sexual things, sexual things. 524 00:27:53,880 --> 00:27:58,520 Speaker 7: Yes, And did you tell him anything about any kind 525 00:27:58,560 --> 00:28:01,919 Speaker 7: of violence that would accompany it, or any kind of 526 00:28:02,119 --> 00:28:03,320 Speaker 7: threats from your father? 527 00:28:03,800 --> 00:28:04,080 Speaker 9: Yes? 528 00:28:04,520 --> 00:28:06,920 Speaker 1: And what did you tell him about violence? 529 00:28:08,000 --> 00:28:11,439 Speaker 9: I told him that there were pens and texts that 530 00:28:11,520 --> 00:28:15,160 Speaker 9: Dad would die, that Dad. 531 00:28:14,960 --> 00:28:17,520 Speaker 1: Was sick in me and use, and so he had 532 00:28:17,520 --> 00:28:20,919 Speaker 1: basically been suffering in silence all this time because his 533 00:28:21,000 --> 00:28:24,200 Speaker 1: father had been threatening him that if he ever told Lyle, 534 00:28:24,200 --> 00:28:27,680 Speaker 1: he would murder them both. And that is what Eric 535 00:28:27,720 --> 00:28:30,760 Speaker 1: and Lyle say actually precipitated the murders. That they began 536 00:28:30,920 --> 00:28:33,359 Speaker 1: to realize that this was never going to end, that 537 00:28:33,400 --> 00:28:35,720 Speaker 1: they were terrified of their father. They thought he was 538 00:28:35,760 --> 00:28:38,680 Speaker 1: going to kill them, and Eric was really terrified that 539 00:28:38,760 --> 00:28:41,400 Speaker 1: now he told Lyle that they were in danger. And 540 00:28:41,480 --> 00:28:44,840 Speaker 1: so they say that they confronted their parents and that 541 00:28:44,840 --> 00:28:47,440 Speaker 1: that is when they learned that their mother had known 542 00:28:47,480 --> 00:28:50,440 Speaker 1: all along. They had thought that they were protecting her 543 00:28:50,680 --> 00:28:55,200 Speaker 1: from this information, but that in one of these confrontations 544 00:28:55,440 --> 00:28:59,000 Speaker 1: between the parents and the boys, it becomes clear that 545 00:28:59,080 --> 00:29:04,160 Speaker 1: she knew, and that in fact, the parents are not 546 00:29:04,880 --> 00:29:09,360 Speaker 1: really apologetic, and so again they feel that this really 547 00:29:09,400 --> 00:29:14,400 Speaker 1: proves that their lives are in danger, and it's really 548 00:29:14,480 --> 00:29:18,120 Speaker 1: hard to watch this testimony now, Like, I can't explain 549 00:29:18,160 --> 00:29:20,480 Speaker 1: to you how hard it is to watch with all 550 00:29:20,560 --> 00:29:24,000 Speaker 1: the distance that we have, and I really don't understand 551 00:29:24,000 --> 00:29:26,600 Speaker 1: how people couldn't have found it believable. I mean, if 552 00:29:26,680 --> 00:29:31,160 Speaker 1: these boys were lying, they were incredible acting. Yeah, to 553 00:29:31,240 --> 00:29:33,800 Speaker 1: think of like an eighteen and twenty one year old 554 00:29:33,840 --> 00:29:36,560 Speaker 1: boy probably by the time the trial happened, like early twenties, 555 00:29:37,000 --> 00:29:39,200 Speaker 1: you know, to think of these two boys getting up 556 00:29:39,360 --> 00:29:42,360 Speaker 1: in front of what they knew was a national televised 557 00:29:42,360 --> 00:29:45,880 Speaker 1: audience and talking about these issues in the way that 558 00:29:45,920 --> 00:29:49,160 Speaker 1: they did. Like it. It's really hard to watch it 559 00:29:49,200 --> 00:29:52,440 Speaker 1: and not have your heartbreak for them. I really have 560 00:29:52,520 --> 00:29:54,640 Speaker 1: trouble wrapping my head around the way it was viewed 561 00:29:54,680 --> 00:29:56,920 Speaker 1: at the time. But it just gives you a sense 562 00:29:57,040 --> 00:30:01,000 Speaker 1: of how poorly this kind of thing was understood. 563 00:30:01,120 --> 00:30:23,760 Speaker 4: Yeah, yeah, wow, So what happens next? 564 00:30:25,440 --> 00:30:27,640 Speaker 1: I want to mention a couple more things, just because 565 00:30:27,880 --> 00:30:31,600 Speaker 1: they end up being relevant. Later, one of the cousins 566 00:30:31,640 --> 00:30:34,280 Speaker 1: testified that when Lyle was eight, he told her about 567 00:30:34,320 --> 00:30:35,840 Speaker 1: the sexual abuse, so that would have been in nineteen 568 00:30:35,840 --> 00:30:39,120 Speaker 1: seventy six, and that she told Kitty. So there was 569 00:30:39,200 --> 00:30:42,560 Speaker 1: actual roborating evidence that the mother was aware, mother knew, 570 00:30:42,720 --> 00:30:45,320 Speaker 1: and there was another cousin that Eric confided in when 571 00:30:45,320 --> 00:30:48,680 Speaker 1: he was thirteen, so there were some people around them 572 00:30:48,720 --> 00:30:51,920 Speaker 1: that knew. And again, as I mentioned, the defense team 573 00:30:51,960 --> 00:30:54,320 Speaker 1: is really trying to go for a manslaughter charge, right. 574 00:30:54,360 --> 00:30:57,400 Speaker 1: They just want to make sure that the brothers aren't 575 00:30:57,400 --> 00:30:59,680 Speaker 1: put away for a murder charge, which not only means 576 00:30:59,720 --> 00:31:01,480 Speaker 1: they'll be in prison for life, but there was a 577 00:31:01,520 --> 00:31:04,280 Speaker 1: death penalty element to this case. Okay, So they're not 578 00:31:04,360 --> 00:31:07,360 Speaker 1: even suggesting that the brothers shouldn't be held accountable in 579 00:31:07,400 --> 00:31:09,959 Speaker 1: some way. They're just saying that this is not a 580 00:31:10,000 --> 00:31:14,440 Speaker 1: first degree murder. And jury deliberations went on for a month. Wow. 581 00:31:14,720 --> 00:31:17,640 Speaker 1: One thing to note here is that the way this 582 00:31:17,720 --> 00:31:20,800 Speaker 1: trial was structured was a little weird. There were two 583 00:31:20,840 --> 00:31:24,280 Speaker 1: separate juries, but it was one trial, so each brother 584 00:31:24,400 --> 00:31:27,480 Speaker 1: had his own jury. Oh but the trial was done 585 00:31:27,520 --> 00:31:30,880 Speaker 1: at the same time, okay. And what is really interesting 586 00:31:31,280 --> 00:31:34,840 Speaker 1: is that both jury's deadlock and there is a mistrial 587 00:31:34,920 --> 00:31:40,120 Speaker 1: for both brothers. And I saw this fascinating interview with 588 00:31:40,160 --> 00:31:43,160 Speaker 1: a female juror who said that on Eric's jury, at 589 00:31:43,240 --> 00:31:47,480 Speaker 1: least the deliberations broke down entirely on gender lines, that 590 00:31:47,560 --> 00:31:50,760 Speaker 1: the men really dug in that no man would ever 591 00:31:50,960 --> 00:31:53,880 Speaker 1: do to his son what these boys were saying Jose 592 00:31:54,000 --> 00:31:57,240 Speaker 1: Menendez did to them, really, and they wanted to convince. 593 00:31:56,880 --> 00:31:58,640 Speaker 4: The women were like yeah, obviously, yeah. 594 00:31:58,480 --> 00:32:01,160 Speaker 1: And the women believed them because women know that there 595 00:32:01,240 --> 00:32:02,360 Speaker 1: is a lot of abuse. 596 00:32:02,400 --> 00:32:03,000 Speaker 3: In the world. 597 00:32:06,600 --> 00:32:08,800 Speaker 4: Okay, So mistrial means what exactly? 598 00:32:08,960 --> 00:32:11,920 Speaker 1: So mistrial means that they can be tried again. Often 599 00:32:12,040 --> 00:32:14,440 Speaker 1: in cases like this, there's like a settlement at this 600 00:32:14,560 --> 00:32:18,000 Speaker 1: point because the government doesn't want to go through this 601 00:32:18,120 --> 00:32:21,760 Speaker 1: whole circus again. But that doesn't happen here for reasons 602 00:32:21,760 --> 00:32:24,920 Speaker 1: that aren't clear. What does happen is that the second 603 00:32:24,960 --> 00:32:28,400 Speaker 1: trial takes place two years later. And it's worth noting 604 00:32:28,440 --> 00:32:31,880 Speaker 1: that between the two trials there is the OJ Simpson trial, 605 00:32:32,000 --> 00:32:36,600 Speaker 1: which is another huge media circus in LA happening at 606 00:32:36,600 --> 00:32:40,680 Speaker 1: the same time, essentially, and the prosecutors also lose that case. 607 00:32:41,040 --> 00:32:44,480 Speaker 1: So the judicial system in LA is reeling, and so 608 00:32:44,800 --> 00:32:47,760 Speaker 1: by the time the boys get back into court for 609 00:32:47,800 --> 00:32:51,320 Speaker 1: the second trial, there is only one jury, no cameras 610 00:32:51,320 --> 00:32:55,680 Speaker 1: are allowed, and the new prosecutors ask the judge to 611 00:32:55,840 --> 00:32:58,200 Speaker 1: limit the amount of testimony. 612 00:32:57,760 --> 00:32:59,000 Speaker 4: Regarding from the boys. 613 00:32:59,080 --> 00:33:02,520 Speaker 1: Okay, they say the abuse is not relevant and it 614 00:33:02,920 --> 00:33:06,800 Speaker 1: didn't happen, and the judge essentially agrees, and there's no 615 00:33:07,080 --> 00:33:11,680 Speaker 1: clear indication of why he made that choice, but it 616 00:33:11,920 --> 00:33:17,000 Speaker 1: significantly changed the trial. The prosecutors had a real advantage. 617 00:33:17,040 --> 00:33:19,200 Speaker 1: They went in knowing what the defense strategy would be, 618 00:33:19,280 --> 00:33:21,800 Speaker 1: whereas they didn't really know the extent of the abuse 619 00:33:21,840 --> 00:33:25,200 Speaker 1: going into the first trial, and they really focus on 620 00:33:25,240 --> 00:33:28,960 Speaker 1: the fact that this was a well planned and executed murder, 621 00:33:29,000 --> 00:33:31,040 Speaker 1: which I don't know how well planned it was, but 622 00:33:31,040 --> 00:33:32,720 Speaker 1: it is true that they bought guns a couple of 623 00:33:32,800 --> 00:33:34,920 Speaker 1: days beforehand. You know, there were things that they did, 624 00:33:35,680 --> 00:33:39,680 Speaker 1: and the judge just kept ruling against the defense on everything. 625 00:33:40,000 --> 00:33:42,880 Speaker 1: He took manslaughter off the table, which left only first 626 00:33:43,000 --> 00:33:46,120 Speaker 1: or second degree murder. Leslie Abramson, who was Eric's lawyer 627 00:33:46,160 --> 00:33:49,640 Speaker 1: who I mentioned, described the second trial as hell. To 628 00:33:49,680 --> 00:33:53,280 Speaker 1: give you an idea, there were fifty plus defense witnesses 629 00:33:53,320 --> 00:33:56,080 Speaker 1: for the first trial and half of that for the second. 630 00:33:56,200 --> 00:34:00,520 Speaker 1: The family members weren't even allowed to testify. So are 631 00:34:00,560 --> 00:34:04,640 Speaker 1: convicted on first degree murder and luckily they don't get 632 00:34:04,640 --> 00:34:06,880 Speaker 1: the death penalty and they are sentenced to life in 633 00:34:06,920 --> 00:34:07,920 Speaker 1: prison without parole. 634 00:34:07,960 --> 00:34:08,200 Speaker 2: Wow. 635 00:34:08,400 --> 00:34:10,880 Speaker 1: And that is where they are today. 636 00:34:10,960 --> 00:34:11,680 Speaker 3: That's where it's at. 637 00:34:11,800 --> 00:34:14,960 Speaker 1: Okay, They've been in prison for thirty four years since 638 00:34:15,200 --> 00:34:18,839 Speaker 1: their convictions. Both brothers have been married, even though California 639 00:34:18,960 --> 00:34:23,080 Speaker 1: doesn't allow conjugal visits for inmates with life sentences. One 640 00:34:23,080 --> 00:34:25,720 Speaker 1: of them has been married more than once, I believe, 641 00:34:26,400 --> 00:34:29,359 Speaker 1: And you know, they have just made the best of 642 00:34:29,400 --> 00:34:33,360 Speaker 1: their lives in prison. They do a lot of mentoring 643 00:34:33,480 --> 00:34:36,320 Speaker 1: and peer work in prison. One of them helped design 644 00:34:36,360 --> 00:34:37,160 Speaker 1: this big mural. 645 00:34:37,440 --> 00:34:39,680 Speaker 4: Have there been like profiles of them from prison over 646 00:34:39,680 --> 00:34:40,320 Speaker 4: the years. 647 00:34:40,360 --> 00:34:43,120 Speaker 1: Yeah, there have been some profiles, and Lyle does interviews. 648 00:34:43,239 --> 00:34:47,200 Speaker 1: Eric is more media shy. I think Eric's wife has 649 00:34:47,239 --> 00:34:51,040 Speaker 1: done some press initially when they first got married. But 650 00:34:51,400 --> 00:34:54,520 Speaker 1: this new interest I think has probably taken even them 651 00:34:54,560 --> 00:34:56,400 Speaker 1: by surprise. There were a lot of years where they 652 00:34:56,440 --> 00:34:58,600 Speaker 1: were just sort of making the best of their lives 653 00:34:58,680 --> 00:35:01,760 Speaker 1: in prison. And it's worth noting that one of them 654 00:35:02,000 --> 00:35:06,760 Speaker 1: said to a family member at one point, honestly, life 655 00:35:06,800 --> 00:35:11,160 Speaker 1: in prison is better than the life I had growing 656 00:35:11,280 --> 00:35:14,120 Speaker 1: up in that house, which really gives you a sense 657 00:35:14,120 --> 00:35:17,640 Speaker 1: of how scared they were as children in that house. 658 00:35:17,680 --> 00:35:19,800 Speaker 1: It really does sound like growing up in their house 659 00:35:20,080 --> 00:35:22,279 Speaker 1: was a brutal way to live. 660 00:35:22,600 --> 00:35:26,880 Speaker 4: Okay, so are we with the stands here, like I mean, 661 00:35:26,920 --> 00:35:28,760 Speaker 4: maybe not like the romantic stands. 662 00:35:28,840 --> 00:35:31,000 Speaker 1: Yeah, definitely not the romantic stands. 663 00:35:31,120 --> 00:35:34,320 Speaker 4: But hearing you tell this in the light of twenty 664 00:35:34,360 --> 00:35:38,280 Speaker 4: twenty four makes it sound like the TikTokers are actually 665 00:35:38,360 --> 00:35:39,040 Speaker 4: onto something. 666 00:35:39,200 --> 00:35:40,799 Speaker 1: Yeah, I think they have a point. I have to 667 00:35:40,800 --> 00:35:43,680 Speaker 1: be honest. Really digging into this case made me wonder 668 00:35:44,160 --> 00:35:47,320 Speaker 1: how it was possible that this was done in the 669 00:35:47,360 --> 00:35:50,239 Speaker 1: way that it was. The fact is, we just understand 670 00:35:50,280 --> 00:35:53,600 Speaker 1: so much more about the psychology of abuse and of victims, 671 00:35:53,719 --> 00:35:56,319 Speaker 1: and you can sort of understand that if you grew 672 00:35:56,400 --> 00:35:58,520 Speaker 1: up in a house where you were sexually abused from 673 00:35:58,600 --> 00:36:02,120 Speaker 1: six years old and physics abused and emotionally abused, the 674 00:36:02,160 --> 00:36:04,480 Speaker 1: fact that you would be so terrified of your parents 675 00:36:04,480 --> 00:36:06,279 Speaker 1: that you didn't feel like you could just like get 676 00:36:06,360 --> 00:36:09,520 Speaker 1: up and walk away. This idea that you could just leave, 677 00:36:09,640 --> 00:36:11,800 Speaker 1: and why didn't they just do that they were adults, 678 00:36:12,120 --> 00:36:16,600 Speaker 1: That is something we understand is not so simple, And 679 00:36:17,040 --> 00:36:19,480 Speaker 1: just like battered wife syndrome, we now have the concept 680 00:36:19,520 --> 00:36:20,880 Speaker 1: of a battered child syndrome. 681 00:36:21,239 --> 00:36:23,760 Speaker 4: It reminds me a little almost of the Gypsy Rose 682 00:36:23,840 --> 00:36:27,160 Speaker 4: case as well. Yes, and which TikTok is also obsessed 683 00:36:27,160 --> 00:36:27,560 Speaker 4: with right. 684 00:36:27,640 --> 00:36:28,560 Speaker 3: Yeah, but where. 685 00:36:28,480 --> 00:36:30,719 Speaker 4: Yeah, years and years and years of abuse she then 686 00:36:31,080 --> 00:36:33,200 Speaker 4: has her boyfriend murder hermel anyway. 687 00:36:33,000 --> 00:36:35,279 Speaker 1: Yes, very similar I think in some ways to that 688 00:36:35,400 --> 00:36:37,840 Speaker 1: case where people said the same thing. That was a 689 00:36:37,880 --> 00:36:40,040 Speaker 1: case where it was munchilds and biproxy. So the mother 690 00:36:40,080 --> 00:36:42,400 Speaker 1: pretended she was sick and it turned out she was 691 00:36:42,440 --> 00:36:44,400 Speaker 1: in a wheelchair but she could walk, and people were like, well, 692 00:36:44,440 --> 00:36:46,680 Speaker 1: why didn't she just walk away? Which is just really 693 00:36:46,719 --> 00:36:47,799 Speaker 1: overly simplistic. 694 00:36:47,920 --> 00:36:48,040 Speaker 4: Right. 695 00:36:48,480 --> 00:36:51,799 Speaker 1: We develop a relationship with your parent when you're so 696 00:36:52,080 --> 00:36:55,840 Speaker 1: young and dependent that if that relationship is rooted in 697 00:36:55,880 --> 00:36:59,360 Speaker 1: this kind of intense sphere, you don't feel like you 698 00:36:59,400 --> 00:37:01,000 Speaker 1: can just walk oh way. You think they're going to 699 00:37:01,080 --> 00:37:04,000 Speaker 1: find you and kill you. And honestly, who knows. Jose 700 00:37:04,120 --> 00:37:07,160 Speaker 1: Menenda's does not come off like a man that you 701 00:37:07,920 --> 00:37:10,799 Speaker 1: should not be scared of in every depiction of him 702 00:37:10,880 --> 00:37:12,080 Speaker 1: that comes out during the trial. 703 00:37:15,840 --> 00:37:20,279 Speaker 4: Okay, so what happens now? Have the fans been effective 704 00:37:20,480 --> 00:37:24,040 Speaker 4: in asking for further scrutiny to the case. 705 00:37:24,239 --> 00:37:27,360 Speaker 1: I mean, they've certainly been effective in drawing more attention 706 00:37:27,520 --> 00:37:30,960 Speaker 1: to the case. Yeah, but the appeals process had pretty 707 00:37:31,040 --> 00:37:34,719 Speaker 1: much played itself out. But recently there have been two 708 00:37:34,800 --> 00:37:37,719 Speaker 1: big developments that may actually change the fate of the 709 00:37:37,719 --> 00:37:42,000 Speaker 1: Menenda's brothers. The first one is a letter was discovered 710 00:37:42,239 --> 00:37:45,359 Speaker 1: written by Eric to one of the cousins that testified 711 00:37:45,880 --> 00:37:48,480 Speaker 1: on his behalf, and he had written him this letter 712 00:37:48,600 --> 00:37:51,840 Speaker 1: just eight months before the crime, in December of eighty eight, okay, 713 00:37:51,920 --> 00:37:54,640 Speaker 1: And this letter was found by one of their aunts, 714 00:37:55,000 --> 00:37:58,120 Speaker 1: that cousin's mother after the cousin died. So you know, 715 00:37:58,200 --> 00:37:59,759 Speaker 1: they've been in prison a long time. One of their 716 00:37:59,760 --> 00:38:02,759 Speaker 1: cousin passed away and the mother was going through his 717 00:38:02,760 --> 00:38:05,920 Speaker 1: papers and she finds this letter. And presumably it's a 718 00:38:06,000 --> 00:38:08,680 Speaker 1: letter that both Eric and the cousin forgot about because 719 00:38:08,719 --> 00:38:12,640 Speaker 1: it wasn't about the abuse. But in it, Eric very 720 00:38:12,680 --> 00:38:15,400 Speaker 1: clearly references the abuse. Wow. At one point he writes, 721 00:38:15,440 --> 00:38:18,360 Speaker 1: I've been trying to avoid Dad, but it's still happening. Andy. 722 00:38:18,719 --> 00:38:21,759 Speaker 1: It's worse for me now. And then there's another part 723 00:38:21,800 --> 00:38:23,920 Speaker 1: where he says, every night I stay up thinking that 724 00:38:24,000 --> 00:38:27,720 Speaker 1: he might come in. I'm afraid he's crazy. He's warned 725 00:38:27,719 --> 00:38:31,040 Speaker 1: me a hundred times about telling anyone, especially Lyle. 726 00:38:31,280 --> 00:38:31,440 Speaker 10: Oh. 727 00:38:31,480 --> 00:38:35,400 Speaker 1: Wow, this is a piece of very contemporaneous evidence that 728 00:38:35,520 --> 00:38:38,600 Speaker 1: happened so far before the murders that there's no way 729 00:38:38,680 --> 00:38:40,719 Speaker 1: that they're just like making it up to cover up 730 00:38:40,800 --> 00:38:44,799 Speaker 1: this crime. But there's a bigger twist even and this 731 00:38:44,880 --> 00:38:49,239 Speaker 1: one is wild. At one point, Jose Menendez, who as 732 00:38:49,239 --> 00:38:52,120 Speaker 1: I said, was a Hollywood executive, was a top executive 733 00:38:52,120 --> 00:38:56,920 Speaker 1: at RCAA Records, okay. And while he was there, RCAA 734 00:38:57,040 --> 00:38:59,880 Speaker 1: signed a very popular Puerto Rican boy band from the 735 00:39:00,080 --> 00:39:04,400 Speaker 1: eighties called Menudo Manudo. It's the band that gave the 736 00:39:04,680 --> 00:39:07,200 Speaker 1: Ricky Martin. Yes, yes, it was one of the biggest 737 00:39:07,200 --> 00:39:11,160 Speaker 1: boy bands of all time and RCA signed them for 738 00:39:11,200 --> 00:39:15,640 Speaker 1: thirty million dollars. And an interesting thing about Menudo is 739 00:39:15,960 --> 00:39:19,000 Speaker 1: that it is a band that had an age limit, 740 00:39:19,440 --> 00:39:23,440 Speaker 1: so once the boys hit sixteen, they actually swapped them 741 00:39:23,440 --> 00:39:26,160 Speaker 1: out so that the boy band stayed forever young. 742 00:39:26,280 --> 00:39:28,000 Speaker 3: Oh wow, whoa Okay. 743 00:39:28,160 --> 00:39:31,040 Speaker 1: So in April of twenty twenty three, so just last year, 744 00:39:31,600 --> 00:39:34,560 Speaker 1: there is a former member of the band named Roy Roussello, 745 00:39:35,600 --> 00:39:38,960 Speaker 1: and he comes forward and says that in the nineteen eighties, 746 00:39:39,200 --> 00:39:42,959 Speaker 1: when he was fourteen or fifteen, the band's manager sent 747 00:39:43,080 --> 00:39:46,760 Speaker 1: him to go see Jose Menendez, the father of Lyle 748 00:39:46,800 --> 00:39:50,400 Speaker 1: and Eric Menendez at the family home, and while he 749 00:39:50,520 --> 00:39:53,239 Speaker 1: was there, he was given a glass of wine which 750 00:39:53,280 --> 00:39:57,239 Speaker 1: he believes was spiked and Jose Menendez raped him. Oh wow. 751 00:39:57,280 --> 00:40:00,480 Speaker 1: And he says that there were also other occasions, at 752 00:40:00,560 --> 00:40:04,239 Speaker 1: least two other times where Jose Menendez sexually abused him. 753 00:40:04,600 --> 00:40:06,279 Speaker 3: Oh so this is new. 754 00:40:06,600 --> 00:40:09,920 Speaker 1: So this is totally new, and it corroborates the boys 755 00:40:10,280 --> 00:40:13,640 Speaker 1: descriptions of abuse. He came forward as part of a 756 00:40:13,680 --> 00:40:16,920 Speaker 1: docuseries that you can watch on Peacock called Menendez and 757 00:40:17,000 --> 00:40:21,400 Speaker 1: Menudo Boys Betrayed and it's actually a fascinating docuseries. I 758 00:40:21,440 --> 00:40:24,719 Speaker 1: recommend it. It's based on the reporting of two journalists. 759 00:40:24,760 --> 00:40:27,840 Speaker 1: One is named Robert Rand. He covered the case initially 760 00:40:27,880 --> 00:40:30,120 Speaker 1: and has become sort of an advocate for the boys 761 00:40:30,160 --> 00:40:34,480 Speaker 1: over the years. And the other is this woman Nary Inclan, 762 00:40:34,840 --> 00:40:37,960 Speaker 1: who Robert reaches out to when he realizes that there 763 00:40:38,040 --> 00:40:41,279 Speaker 1: is this sexual abuse component that he needs to do 764 00:40:41,360 --> 00:40:45,120 Speaker 1: some additional reporting. On the way Robert Rand thinks to 765 00:40:45,280 --> 00:40:48,040 Speaker 1: connect these two cases is that he's going through some 766 00:40:48,160 --> 00:40:52,800 Speaker 1: old notes and he remembers that Jose Menendez's assistant in 767 00:40:52,800 --> 00:40:58,760 Speaker 1: interviews with him often emphasized how obsessed with Minudo, Jose 768 00:40:58,880 --> 00:41:01,480 Speaker 1: Menendez had been he would go all the time to 769 00:41:01,480 --> 00:41:03,680 Speaker 1: their concerts, which was not a thing you know, you 770 00:41:03,800 --> 00:41:07,200 Speaker 1: usually did when you were like the top executive of RCIA. 771 00:41:07,360 --> 00:41:08,840 Speaker 1: That he talked about them all the time, that he 772 00:41:08,880 --> 00:41:11,680 Speaker 1: was kind of fascinated by them. And there have been 773 00:41:12,040 --> 00:41:16,960 Speaker 1: other allegations of abuse. That manager that ran Manudo, that 774 00:41:17,000 --> 00:41:19,400 Speaker 1: created Manunda has been accused by other boys in the 775 00:41:19,440 --> 00:41:23,280 Speaker 1: band of having abused them. So it occurs to Robert Rand, 776 00:41:23,400 --> 00:41:25,520 Speaker 1: wait a second, maybe there's a connection here. 777 00:41:25,680 --> 00:41:26,200 Speaker 3: Wow. 778 00:41:26,400 --> 00:41:29,319 Speaker 1: He reaches out to this other reporter. She is someone 779 00:41:29,320 --> 00:41:32,600 Speaker 1: who's very skilled on doing sexual abuse reporting. She spends 780 00:41:32,640 --> 00:41:35,160 Speaker 1: a lot of time starting to talk to members of 781 00:41:35,200 --> 00:41:39,400 Speaker 1: Menudo just even to tell that story. And eventually, in 782 00:41:39,440 --> 00:41:42,279 Speaker 1: one of her conversations with Roy she's talking to him 783 00:41:42,280 --> 00:41:47,399 Speaker 1: as part of this larger Menudo investigation, and he just 784 00:41:47,560 --> 00:41:50,080 Speaker 1: mentions it. He says, oh, you know, there was this 785 00:41:50,239 --> 00:41:54,560 Speaker 1: RCAA executive and he raped me, And she says she 786 00:41:54,719 --> 00:41:56,080 Speaker 1: got absolute chills. 787 00:41:56,400 --> 00:42:01,720 Speaker 4: Did the person making the accusation even make the connection 788 00:42:01,880 --> 00:42:03,279 Speaker 4: to the Menandez brothers. 789 00:42:03,520 --> 00:42:06,680 Speaker 1: No, Wow, he had not realized in all these years, 790 00:42:06,719 --> 00:42:09,680 Speaker 1: he had not made the connection. But in the docuseries, 791 00:42:09,760 --> 00:42:12,719 Speaker 1: he describes going to the family house and he remembers 792 00:42:12,840 --> 00:42:16,120 Speaker 1: meeting the brother, but he just never connected it to 793 00:42:16,200 --> 00:42:18,799 Speaker 1: the larger story that was in the press at that time. Also, 794 00:42:18,840 --> 00:42:20,799 Speaker 1: you know, he was in Puerto Rico. He was in 795 00:42:20,880 --> 00:42:24,799 Speaker 1: this band. And that manager, by the way, is now 796 00:42:24,840 --> 00:42:29,760 Speaker 1: being investigated by the LAPD for the rape of Roy Roussello, 797 00:42:29,880 --> 00:42:32,640 Speaker 1: who is the person who has come forward to say 798 00:42:33,280 --> 00:42:35,959 Speaker 1: that he was abused by Jose Menendez. He has also 799 00:42:36,120 --> 00:42:38,680 Speaker 1: come forward to say that he was abused for years 800 00:42:38,840 --> 00:42:41,640 Speaker 1: allegedly by the manager Edgar Diez of Minundo. 801 00:42:41,800 --> 00:42:45,000 Speaker 4: Wow, it's amazing how these guys just like find each other. 802 00:42:45,040 --> 00:42:48,319 Speaker 4: They're like, oh, yeah, he's my kind. We'll just run 803 00:42:48,360 --> 00:42:49,879 Speaker 4: a sex trafficking right. 804 00:42:50,120 --> 00:42:54,160 Speaker 1: It feels like it was essentially a factory for this. 805 00:42:54,280 --> 00:42:56,560 Speaker 1: I mean, the way he describes what went on with 806 00:42:56,640 --> 00:42:59,560 Speaker 1: this particular manager is that he would essentially just bring 807 00:42:59,560 --> 00:43:01,640 Speaker 1: in new boys and constantly wait. 808 00:43:01,680 --> 00:43:03,640 Speaker 4: Well, that makes you wonder if that's why they had 809 00:43:03,640 --> 00:43:04,800 Speaker 4: to stay forever, y'all. 810 00:43:04,920 --> 00:43:07,120 Speaker 1: Right, of course, of course it makes you wonder that. 811 00:43:07,680 --> 00:43:09,839 Speaker 1: And so I was thinking about this, like, why do 812 00:43:09,880 --> 00:43:11,799 Speaker 1: we see so many cases of abuse like this, like 813 00:43:11,800 --> 00:43:16,359 Speaker 1: the Nickelodeon case, that's obviously become more prominent recently, and 814 00:43:16,400 --> 00:43:19,279 Speaker 1: I think what happens is is that if you are 815 00:43:19,560 --> 00:43:24,160 Speaker 1: a predator, you look for places that will give you 816 00:43:24,280 --> 00:43:29,480 Speaker 1: the most access to children. And working in entertainment, often, 817 00:43:29,719 --> 00:43:32,359 Speaker 1: especially when it's related to children, does give you a 818 00:43:32,400 --> 00:43:35,880 Speaker 1: lot of access and power and power because people want 819 00:43:36,480 --> 00:43:38,600 Speaker 1: fame and they want money, and so they're willing to 820 00:43:38,600 --> 00:43:41,680 Speaker 1: give their children over to you and trust you because 821 00:43:41,719 --> 00:43:45,400 Speaker 1: there's a tangible benefit to that. And so it was 822 00:43:45,520 --> 00:43:47,560 Speaker 1: really really sad to watch the stock You series, but 823 00:43:47,560 --> 00:43:48,440 Speaker 1: I really recommend it. 824 00:43:48,600 --> 00:43:49,920 Speaker 4: Yeah, it makes me want to watch it. 825 00:43:50,080 --> 00:43:52,600 Speaker 1: It just really broke my heart for poor Roy. So 826 00:43:52,880 --> 00:43:55,279 Speaker 1: where that leaves us is that in May of last year, 827 00:43:55,360 --> 00:43:58,280 Speaker 1: twenty twenty three, lawyers for the brothers filed a petition 828 00:43:58,320 --> 00:44:01,600 Speaker 1: in LA and asked for a new hearing and said 829 00:44:01,600 --> 00:44:04,440 Speaker 1: that this new evidence, the letter and Rory Roussello, the 830 00:44:04,440 --> 00:44:08,239 Speaker 1: former member of Menudo, coming forward, this evidence contradicts the 831 00:44:08,320 --> 00:44:11,080 Speaker 1: arguments prosecutors made in the second trial that there was 832 00:44:11,120 --> 00:44:14,839 Speaker 1: no abuse, and they've asked for the conviction to be overturned. 833 00:44:15,280 --> 00:44:18,040 Speaker 1: And their argument is that the brothers should never have 834 00:44:18,120 --> 00:44:21,120 Speaker 1: been convicted of murder, that this was clearly a case 835 00:44:21,120 --> 00:44:24,879 Speaker 1: of manslaughter because the brothers genuinely believed that they were 836 00:44:24,880 --> 00:44:28,399 Speaker 1: in danger because of the sexual and physical abuse. And 837 00:44:28,680 --> 00:44:31,760 Speaker 1: in June, a judge asked the LA District Attorney's Office 838 00:44:31,760 --> 00:44:36,040 Speaker 1: to respond to this request before a judge can rule. So, 839 00:44:36,040 --> 00:44:39,799 Speaker 1: so this past June, and so because I have never 840 00:44:39,840 --> 00:44:42,280 Speaker 1: found a rabbit hole, I can't fall too deeply into. 841 00:44:42,840 --> 00:44:44,840 Speaker 1: I spoke to one of their lawyers yesterday. 842 00:44:46,320 --> 00:44:48,560 Speaker 4: Yes, of course, is this a different lawyer from there? 843 00:44:48,600 --> 00:44:50,480 Speaker 4: These are different lawyers from the original lawyers. 844 00:44:50,680 --> 00:44:53,120 Speaker 1: Yes. The lawyers are Cliff Gardner, who is a well 845 00:44:53,160 --> 00:44:56,160 Speaker 1: known attorney in California, and Mark Geragos, who is a 846 00:44:56,280 --> 00:44:58,719 Speaker 1: very famous attorney who often turns up. 847 00:44:58,920 --> 00:44:59,920 Speaker 3: Wait, okay, back up. 848 00:45:00,800 --> 00:45:03,880 Speaker 4: So you're like, we got to do this recording tomorrow, 849 00:45:04,080 --> 00:45:04,680 Speaker 4: I just got it. 850 00:45:04,719 --> 00:45:06,800 Speaker 3: Well, well, I had a really. 851 00:45:06,640 --> 00:45:09,320 Speaker 1: Good reason for calling up Cliff. There have been recent 852 00:45:09,400 --> 00:45:12,200 Speaker 1: reports because of this filing, but I couldn't find a 853 00:45:12,239 --> 00:45:14,719 Speaker 1: timeline anywhere, Like I was like, okay, so now we're 854 00:45:14,760 --> 00:45:17,680 Speaker 1: waiting for the LA District Attorney's Office to respond, Like 855 00:45:17,760 --> 00:45:20,360 Speaker 1: when are they going to respond? And when can we 856 00:45:20,480 --> 00:45:23,520 Speaker 1: expect a ruling? It is true that if in fact, 857 00:45:23,680 --> 00:45:26,279 Speaker 1: the court agrees to give them a new trial, and 858 00:45:26,440 --> 00:45:29,319 Speaker 1: if they are convicted of manslaughter, they will get out 859 00:45:29,360 --> 00:45:32,719 Speaker 1: of prison because they have already served beyond the maximum 860 00:45:32,719 --> 00:45:33,440 Speaker 1: for mansilter. 861 00:45:33,800 --> 00:45:35,400 Speaker 4: How old are they now, like in their fifties. 862 00:45:35,440 --> 00:45:37,479 Speaker 1: They're in their fifties, okay, So I mean they would 863 00:45:37,480 --> 00:45:39,760 Speaker 1: get out of prison. So I imagine that they're pretty 864 00:45:39,800 --> 00:45:42,040 Speaker 1: interested in the timeline as well. But I couldn't find 865 00:45:42,040 --> 00:45:44,960 Speaker 1: one anywhere online, so I thought why not. I left 866 00:45:45,000 --> 00:45:47,520 Speaker 1: a message for Cliff Gardner. I found his number online 867 00:45:47,520 --> 00:45:50,480 Speaker 1: and was like, Hey, I'm a reporter and I'm looking 868 00:45:50,480 --> 00:45:53,279 Speaker 1: into this story. I'm recording something tomorrow. Could you give 869 00:45:53,320 --> 00:45:55,279 Speaker 1: me a callback? And he did, and he was a 870 00:45:55,320 --> 00:45:57,600 Speaker 1: lovely man, and he said that they are in fact 871 00:45:57,640 --> 00:46:00,960 Speaker 1: waiting for the LA District Attorney's Office to respond. The 872 00:46:01,040 --> 00:46:03,799 Speaker 1: DA's office has asked for a couple extensions because there 873 00:46:03,840 --> 00:46:07,080 Speaker 1: is just so much from the first trials to go over, 874 00:46:07,800 --> 00:46:11,560 Speaker 1: and that even once they respond, there will be some 875 00:46:11,719 --> 00:46:14,080 Speaker 1: time before the court makes a decision, so there is 876 00:46:14,200 --> 00:46:16,919 Speaker 1: no clear timeline, which is why I could not find one. 877 00:46:17,040 --> 00:46:19,520 Speaker 1: So I see it's my little bit of reporting. 878 00:46:19,800 --> 00:46:20,360 Speaker 4: Wow. 879 00:46:20,600 --> 00:46:23,600 Speaker 1: The other big thing that's coming soon is that Ryan 880 00:46:23,719 --> 00:46:28,280 Speaker 1: Murphy has a series coming for Netflix about the Menanda's brothers, 881 00:46:28,400 --> 00:46:32,400 Speaker 1: So we're about to see a lot of attention. This 882 00:46:32,480 --> 00:46:35,560 Speaker 1: is the second installment of a series Ryan Murphy does 883 00:46:35,600 --> 00:46:38,839 Speaker 1: called the Monster Series for Netflix. Oh right, And the 884 00:46:38,840 --> 00:46:43,200 Speaker 1: first one was Dahmer, and it became the most watched 885 00:46:43,239 --> 00:46:45,640 Speaker 1: English series of all time within twenty eight days. It 886 00:46:45,680 --> 00:46:48,440 Speaker 1: reached a billion view hours in its first sixty days, 887 00:46:48,640 --> 00:46:51,160 Speaker 1: and wow, it was nominated for a bunch of Golden 888 00:46:51,200 --> 00:46:54,359 Speaker 1: Globes and Emmy Awards and won an Emmy Award. 889 00:46:54,280 --> 00:46:56,960 Speaker 4: And like a million think pieces written about how we 890 00:46:57,000 --> 00:46:59,600 Speaker 4: assessed Dahmer then, and every piece was sort of a 891 00:46:59,640 --> 00:47:01,880 Speaker 4: little many in retrospect exactly. 892 00:47:01,960 --> 00:47:03,520 Speaker 1: So I think we're about to get a lot more 893 00:47:03,520 --> 00:47:07,360 Speaker 1: in retrospect on the Menandez brothers. Javier Bardem and Chloe 894 00:47:07,360 --> 00:47:12,000 Speaker 1: Sevignier will star as the Jose and Kiddy Menendez. Wow. 895 00:47:12,040 --> 00:47:14,719 Speaker 1: So I think interest in this case is only going 896 00:47:14,760 --> 00:47:17,120 Speaker 1: to grow in the coming months. So I think that's 897 00:47:17,480 --> 00:47:18,640 Speaker 1: what comes next. 898 00:47:19,000 --> 00:47:21,920 Speaker 4: You can see why this has been the subject of 899 00:47:22,000 --> 00:47:25,080 Speaker 4: endless fascination. There's so many shwists and turns. You can 900 00:47:25,120 --> 00:47:29,400 Speaker 4: see why TikTok or wherever the stands are choosing to 901 00:47:29,520 --> 00:47:34,440 Speaker 4: post their mems and so decided to pick up on it. Yeah, gosh, 902 00:47:34,840 --> 00:47:37,120 Speaker 4: I mean, I really want to keep following where this 903 00:47:37,280 --> 00:47:39,560 Speaker 4: ends up. I'm very interested to hear and I hope 904 00:47:39,600 --> 00:47:41,719 Speaker 4: that we can keep in touch with the lawyer to 905 00:47:41,840 --> 00:47:44,200 Speaker 4: understand when this actually is happening. 906 00:47:44,360 --> 00:47:46,799 Speaker 1: Yes, I'm now. I'm very invested in the future of 907 00:47:46,800 --> 00:47:49,440 Speaker 1: the Menendez Brothers case and I will be following it, 908 00:47:49,560 --> 00:47:57,799 Speaker 1: so don't worry. I will keep you updated. Jess, I 909 00:47:57,800 --> 00:47:59,840 Speaker 1: want to tease what we're talking about next week because 910 00:47:59,840 --> 00:48:01,200 Speaker 1: it's a fun one. Yeah. 911 00:48:01,280 --> 00:48:04,280 Speaker 4: This episode actually gets something that seems to course through 912 00:48:04,320 --> 00:48:07,919 Speaker 4: all of our episodes, which is girl culture. We delve 913 00:48:07,960 --> 00:48:10,040 Speaker 4: into what it means to be a girl today in 914 00:48:10,120 --> 00:48:14,560 Speaker 4: the age of Barbie and Bimbocore and girl Dinner on TikTok, 915 00:48:14,800 --> 00:48:18,360 Speaker 4: and how influences from the past and president seem to 916 00:48:18,360 --> 00:48:18,960 Speaker 4: be colliding. 917 00:48:19,200 --> 00:48:20,000 Speaker 3: It's a lot of fun. 918 00:48:25,960 --> 00:48:29,080 Speaker 1: This is in retrospect. Thanks for listening. Is there a 919 00:48:29,120 --> 00:48:31,680 Speaker 1: pop culture moment you can't stop thinking about and want 920 00:48:31,760 --> 00:48:34,640 Speaker 1: us to explore in a future episode. Email us at 921 00:48:34,640 --> 00:48:37,640 Speaker 1: in retropod at gmail dot com or find us on 922 00:48:37,680 --> 00:48:39,160 Speaker 1: Instagram at in retropod. 923 00:48:39,640 --> 00:48:42,080 Speaker 4: If you love this podcast, please rate and review us 924 00:48:42,080 --> 00:48:45,000 Speaker 4: on Apple or Spotify or wherever you listen. If you 925 00:48:45,040 --> 00:48:47,560 Speaker 4: hate it, you can post nasty comments on our Instagram, 926 00:48:47,600 --> 00:48:49,320 Speaker 4: which we may or may not delete. 927 00:48:49,400 --> 00:48:52,040 Speaker 1: You can also find us on Instagram at Jessica Bennett 928 00:48:52,200 --> 00:48:56,040 Speaker 1: and at Susie b NYC. Also check out Jessica's books Feminist, 929 00:48:56,120 --> 00:48:57,680 Speaker 1: Fight Club and This Is Eighteen. 930 00:48:58,280 --> 00:49:01,120 Speaker 4: In Retrospect is a production of I Heart Podcasts and 931 00:49:01,200 --> 00:49:05,440 Speaker 4: the Media. Lauren Hanson is our supervising producer. Derek Clements 932 00:49:05,520 --> 00:49:09,160 Speaker 4: is our engineer and sound designer. Emily Meronoff is our producer. 933 00:49:09,640 --> 00:49:12,480 Speaker 4: Sharan Atia is our researcher and associate producer. 934 00:49:12,760 --> 00:49:15,960 Speaker 1: Our executive producer from the media is Cindy Levy. Our 935 00:49:16,000 --> 00:49:19,680 Speaker 1: executive producers from iHeart are Anna Stemp and Katrina Norbel. 936 00:49:20,239 --> 00:49:23,920 Speaker 1: Our artwork is from Pentagram. Our mixing engineer is Amanda 937 00:49:24,040 --> 00:49:27,920 Speaker 1: Rose Smith. Additional editing help from Mary Do. We are 938 00:49:27,960 --> 00:49:30,920 Speaker 1: your hosts Susie Bannaccarum and Jessica Bennett. 939 00:49:31,080 --> 00:49:34,520 Speaker 4: We are also executive producers. For even more, check out 940 00:49:34,560 --> 00:49:37,400 Speaker 4: in retropod dot com. See you next week.