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Speaker 1: you Should Read books dot com. Welcome to Stuff you

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Speaker 1: Should know a production of My Heart Radios How Stuff Works. Hey,

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Speaker 1: and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark, and there's

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Speaker 1: Charles w. Chuck Bryan over there. Jerry's around here somewhere.

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Speaker 1: So this is stuff you should know everybody. The Wrath

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Speaker 1: of God Edition. Hi. Hi, I've been singing that Bob

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Speaker 1: Dylan song all day. Oh yeah, you know it's weird.

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Speaker 1: I have two and I hadn't realized it until you

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Speaker 1: just said that. Really, Yeah, my brain is left. Which

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Speaker 1: song hard Rain is Gonna fall? Her? Yeah? Hurricane Hurricane,

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Speaker 1: hard Rain is gonna fall? Are you crazy? I guess

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Speaker 1: it would. It hadn't even occurred to me. Great song Hurricane.

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Speaker 1: Now I'm going to be singing hard Grain is Gonna Fall,

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Speaker 1: which is not nearly as good as the Hurricane song.

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Speaker 1: I'm surprised. You know any Bob One song that's shocking?

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Speaker 1: Those are the two? No more than that? No, that's it. Oh,

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Speaker 1: I know that one that goes d what's that one? Oh?

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Speaker 1: It's all of them? Gotcha? God bless him. He's got

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Speaker 1: a new album ount It's great, dude. How many does

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Speaker 1: that make? M hmm. He's got a lot of records. Well,

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Speaker 1: God's great song it is. It was a good movie too,

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Speaker 1: sad I didn't see that. Yeah, Denzel Washington, I believe

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Speaker 1: played him, And yes, it's I mean, if you like Injustice,

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Speaker 1: you're gonna love that movie. You mean, if you like

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Speaker 1: movies about fighting injustice, just what you mean? Right, Either way,

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Speaker 1: you're gonna like the movie. I love Injustice. Sadly, there

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Speaker 1: are people who say things like that these days. That's true. So, um, Chuck,

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Speaker 1: we're talking about hurricanes, not the Bob Dylan song, but

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Speaker 1: about the actual like weather system, weather disaster, and not

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Speaker 1: only I guess you mean typhoons. Uh no, I mean hurricanes,

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Speaker 1: but that's the same thing, and so is Chuck, you

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Speaker 1: mean cyclones? Kind of yes, all three of those are

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Speaker 1: this one and the same. Did you know that? You know?

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Speaker 1: I think I knew that and just sort of forgot

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Speaker 1: because when I read it, I was like, oh, yeah,

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Speaker 1: I think I knew that, right, So, I mean, it

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Speaker 1: just depends on where they occur in the world. Basically

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Speaker 1: that there's I mean, aside aside from exactly you know, um,

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Speaker 1: where they occur, where they make land, and then the

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Speaker 1: way that they turn and move. They are the same thing.

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Speaker 1: They start the same way. They're the same uh group

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Speaker 1: of of weird you know, weather coincidences that happen to

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Speaker 1: assemble into something. And um, hurricanes to me are as

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Speaker 1: good as it gets natural disaster wise. I mean, they

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Speaker 1: are as interesting as they come. They are so ridiculously

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Speaker 1: destructive and then theoretically what they could do if they

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Speaker 1: got even worse, which they may. Um, It's it just

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Speaker 1: boggles the mind. I'm a hurricane fan in a way,

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Speaker 1: but I hate Miami U as far as their university

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Speaker 1: is concerned. Uh you hate the you No, not really,

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Speaker 1: I'm just teasing. Yeah, And I think the other thing

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Speaker 1: about hurricanes is so fascinating is it's, um, it's a

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Speaker 1: regular thing. It's not like a volcanic eruption or a tsunami, uh,

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Speaker 1: you know, or an earthquake. It's you know, every year

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Speaker 1: they're gonna be you know, uh, like a hundred tropical

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Speaker 1: storms and you know thirty to fifty of these are

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Speaker 1: going to develop into hurricanes. You can count on it,

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Speaker 1: right Jack. Yeah. And they actually they have seasons, to

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Speaker 1: tell you the truth, They're depending on where you are

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Speaker 1: in the world and the um northern hemisphere, especially in

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Speaker 1: the Atlantic You've got what's appropriately called the Atlantic hurricane

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Speaker 1: season and it runs from about June one to November UM.

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Speaker 1: Down Under in the Southern Hemisphere, they have a hurricane

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Speaker 1: season that runs from about January to March UM. And again,

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Speaker 1: like there's some differences to them, but that's it's essentially

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Speaker 1: the same thing. It's just that hurricanes tend to form

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Speaker 1: over the North Atlantic and Northeast Pacific um, and then

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Speaker 1: cyclones are over the South Pacific and the Indian Ocean,

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Speaker 1: and then typhoons tend to hit the northwest Pacific Ocean

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Speaker 1: around Asia to the Middle East. That's right. So I

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Speaker 1: think the Australians would call them cyclones, is that right? Uh?

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Speaker 1: And we call them good old hurricanes, that's right. And

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Speaker 1: actually hurricane, which since we're just spouting out facts about

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Speaker 1: hurricanes at this point right now, it actually comes from

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Speaker 1: an old um Mayan word hurrican, which is the name

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Speaker 1: for one of their gods of destruction of thunder and

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Speaker 1: lightning and wind. And I believe maybe rain who brought

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Speaker 1: the flood that destroyed almost all people and then made

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Speaker 1: it recede because humanity out in too wicked. And if

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Speaker 1: that sounds familiar, that's because there's a flood story and

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Speaker 1: basically every culture in the world, which makes me really wonder, like,

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Speaker 1: what happened? What is everybody talking about that actually may

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Speaker 1: have happened at some point. I just find that fascinating. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and how hurricane forms can get very convoluted, as we

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Speaker 1: realized when we UH started diving into this research. And

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Speaker 1: we'll describe it in a bit more detail, but you

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Speaker 1: know me and my Earth Science for kids websites door UH.

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Speaker 1: In the very simplest of terms, hurricanes form over warm

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Speaker 1: ocean waters near the equator and the tropics, and that

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Speaker 1: warm moist air rises up and then is replaced by

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Speaker 1: cooler air, and then that air warms up and starts

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Speaker 1: to rise, and that just causess this cycle that starts

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Speaker 1: these clouds to form, and they start rotating and they

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Speaker 1: get a little more organized, and if there's enough of

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Speaker 1: that warm water, eventually that wind is gonna pick up

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Speaker 1: and you're gonna get a hurricane, and they move in

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Speaker 1: the northern hemisphere, especially in the Atlantic um which we're

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Speaker 1: going to kind of focus on Atlantic hurricanes here, but again,

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Speaker 1: most of the souf we're talking about applies to cyclones

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Speaker 1: and typhoons too, but in the Atlantic in particular, they

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Speaker 1: usually start off the west coast of Africa and move

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Speaker 1: down towards the equator where they slide over through the

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Speaker 1: Caribbean and then up along Florida, the Carolinas, um sometimes

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Speaker 1: to New England, but most of the time they'll hit

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Speaker 1: the the Gulf Stream and will be carried up to

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Speaker 1: England where they peeter out and show up for a

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Speaker 1: pine at the pub. Yeah. And you know, hurricanes will

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Speaker 1: they eventually will die out. Um. Landfall will make them

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Speaker 1: die out, because like that's the worst part for the people,

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Speaker 1: you know, living on planet Earth, because that's where it

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Speaker 1: hits the land. But that actually means the hurricane is

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Speaker 1: dying because there's not that warm water anymore. Um. Or

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Speaker 1: the further north they go, the cooler that water gets,

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Speaker 1: and that'll just peter her it out as well. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: which I mean, if you really think about it, when

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Speaker 1: you take all these factors into consideration, just those two

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Speaker 1: that it needs warm water and um that it can't

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Speaker 1: be over land like a hurricane. Is a startling series

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Speaker 1: of coincidences that happen like again and again repeatedly during

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Speaker 1: a certain section of the year in certain sections of

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Speaker 1: the world, and they it just takes everything being perfect,

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Speaker 1: like a perfect storm, but over and over again for

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Speaker 1: these things to happen. And like you said, you know,

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Speaker 1: there's so many different storms that form off the west

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Speaker 1: coast of Africa or off the uh the yeah, or

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Speaker 1: off the west coast of Australia, um, that can form

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Speaker 1: into these things, but they don't. They usually don't because

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Speaker 1: all of those factors just aren't working just perfectly for

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Speaker 1: the thing did not only kind of catch to ignite

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Speaker 1: in a way, um, but also to on of developed

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Speaker 1: steam and to really pick up and become a problem. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: And I know what you mean about loving hurricanes in

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Speaker 1: a certain weird way. Um. Obviously, the landfall and just

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Speaker 1: the destruction is terrible and we don't wish that ever.

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Speaker 1: But when you see those images from above of the

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Speaker 1: hurricane rotating and how big it is, it's just it's

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Speaker 1: humbling and just sort of mind boggling display of nature

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Speaker 1: at work. You know. It is that I mean that

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Speaker 1: that hits it on the head. It's definitely not all

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Speaker 1: the death and property destructs that I'm a fan of. No,

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Speaker 1: of course, I'm like, man, I love injustice. I know, man,

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Speaker 1: this is what happened to you overnight. So um so,

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Speaker 1: let's let's talk about this. Let's talk about how hurricane

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Speaker 1: actually forms and then what it forms into. Okay, we're

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Speaker 1: gonna do the Earth sign. Okay, I'll take over everybody.

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Speaker 1: I hope you like my voice because that's all you're

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Speaker 1: gonna hear for a little while. I think it's the

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Speaker 1: listening they're probably you to that. Um do you know

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Speaker 1: when we first started this, I couldn't stand my voice,

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Speaker 1: couldn't stand it. Y. Yeah, I finally reached I reached

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Speaker 1: the day tent with it. I just ignore it. Um So, chuck,

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Speaker 1: You've got air, right air over the ocean and over

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Speaker 1: the land. The stuff that's closest to the surface is

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Speaker 1: actually the warmest, which, as you know, like if you've

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Speaker 1: ever been skydiving, is really cold up there. I haven't. No,

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Speaker 1: it's really cold up there, trust me. Um. And when

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Speaker 1: you um or like if you're ever like if you

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Speaker 1: climb a mountain or something, it's always cold up there.

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Speaker 1: And one reason why is because I've never done it.

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Speaker 1: The just trust me, trust me. The upstairs of my

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Speaker 1: house is cooler, and it shouldn't be. It should be

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Speaker 1: much warmer because heat rises in your house. Yeah, but

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Speaker 1: the a C up there, there's fewer rooms. It just

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Speaker 1: really Okay, you're making this our science thing way hard.

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Speaker 1: So the air at the surface of the Earth is

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Speaker 1: warmer because it gets warm by the Earth or by

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Speaker 1: the ocean, right open. Ocean temperatures kind of tend to

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Speaker 1: warm with the seasons, and so by around June one,

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Speaker 1: which was when hurricane season starts, you've got an ocean

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Speaker 1: which with surface temperatures hovering around Sevenday nine to eighty

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Speaker 1: degrees fahrenheit. Okay, Yeah, And I think eighty is where

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Speaker 1: you've got to be kind of that's the threshold to

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Speaker 1: even get if you want to talk about hurricanes, it's

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Speaker 1: got to go to eighty degrees exactly, and not just

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Speaker 1: at the very surface. I think it needs to be

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Speaker 1: that down to about a hundred and fifty feet because

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Speaker 1: hurricanes mixes a lot of water together, and if it's

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Speaker 1: not warm water that stays available, it's not it's just

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Speaker 1: gonna peeter out right. So you need eighty degree at

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Speaker 1: a minimum um surface temperature water down to a hundred

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Speaker 1: and fifty feet and so um, you've got that going

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Speaker 1: on in the ocean around certain times a year, and

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Speaker 1: if we can travel into the interior of Africa all

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Speaker 1: the way to Sudan, a little monarch butterfly will flap

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Speaker 1: its wings and that creates an air disturbance, and weeks

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Speaker 1: later that develops into an even bigger disturbance, and it

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Speaker 1: moves further west across Africa and finally off the coast,

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Speaker 1: and it will encounter that warm water and warm air

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Speaker 1: that's that's being heated by the water, and that disturbance

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Speaker 1: will actually encounter that water that's evaporating and rising. And

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Speaker 1: as that water evaporates and rises, um, it's becoming less dense. Right,

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Speaker 1: the molecules that make up that air with the water

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Speaker 1: vapor are further apart then cold are that's above it. Well,

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Speaker 1: nature of abhoors a vacuum, right, and when the air

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Speaker 1: leaves that area right above the surface of the ocean,

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Speaker 1: cold are starts to move in below it, right, which

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Speaker 1: pushes the other air further upward. But then that cold

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Speaker 1: air is warmed up too, and that starts to rise.

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Speaker 1: And so what you have under this disturbance in the

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Speaker 1: air that was created by a butterfly's wings in Sudan

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Speaker 1: is this this motion in the ocean. That's all that

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Speaker 1: that that is kind of this upward trajectory of air

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Speaker 1: constantly moving upward, and it's full of water vapors. So

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Speaker 1: it's when it gets high enough up into the cooler

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Speaker 1: regions in the atmosphere, it condenses and forms clouds, and

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Speaker 1: those clouds eventually start to rain, and as it condenses

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Speaker 1: and starts to rain, that actually heats up that area.

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Speaker 1: The latent heat of condensation heats up that area. So

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Speaker 1: now you have this column of warm moist air rising up,

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Speaker 1: moving with coal. They're trying to come in and replace it.

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Speaker 1: As the warm air moves, and you have a lot

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Speaker 1: of air movement, you have some storm starting, and you

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Speaker 1: have all the ingredients now for what could become a hurricane.

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Speaker 1: That's right, and uh that that heat exchange is going on,

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Speaker 1: and that's going to create a lot of wind and

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Speaker 1: that's just gonna make everything worse because those winds converge

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Speaker 1: at the surface and they're colliding with each other, and

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Speaker 1: that's pushing that warm moist air up and up, and

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Speaker 1: that cycle just starts to happen. That rotational cycle that's

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Speaker 1: so tied to, like the image of a hurricane, and uh,

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Speaker 1: those winds get involved and everything kind of everything kind

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Speaker 1: of just synchronizes, right exactly. I mean, like that's what

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Speaker 1: I'm talking about with all the different coincidences that have

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Speaker 1: to number one, be present, then have to work just right,

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Speaker 1: because if that wind that's converging at the surface to

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Speaker 1: replace that warm moist air that's rising. Um Man, I've

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Speaker 1: never said moist this many times in my life and

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Speaker 1: been okay with it, but I'm I'm all right, so far,

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Speaker 1: how are you doing? Okay? Um, If the speed of

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Speaker 1: that wind that's coming in at the surface is different

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Speaker 1: than say, like the speed of that you know higher

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Speaker 1: up in that column, you're gonna have what's called wind shear,

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Speaker 1: and it's going to keep the storm from being organized

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Speaker 1: into a cohesive hole. So just that factor alone that

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Speaker 1: somehow the winds at different levels of this storm that's

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Speaker 1: starting to organize have to be moving at roughly the

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Speaker 1: same speed. That's a big one, right, Um. And then

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Speaker 1: because of these these thunderstorms that are are are starting

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Speaker 1: and the more condensation that's um that they're heating more

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Speaker 1: and more, so they're creating more and more storms. So

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Speaker 1: you've got all these storms that are kind of starting

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Speaker 1: around this area, and they start to get organized together,

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Speaker 1: and then this is this. Eventually, this is called a

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Speaker 1: tropical depression. And eventually, if all, if everything that we're

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Speaker 1: gonna keep talking about happens just precisely right, is going

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Speaker 1: to organize into a tropical storm and then a hurricane.

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Speaker 1: And then the hurricane, as we'll see, goes through different

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Speaker 1: stages of categorization. And all has to do with the

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Speaker 1: speed of those winds that have now kind of organized

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Speaker 1: into this rotational monster, which is really a tight or

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Speaker 1: sometimes a loose collection of storms that form one big storm.

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Speaker 1: That's what a hurricane is, that are all kind of

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Speaker 1: moving in the same direction at about the same speed.

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Speaker 1: And it all has to do with that that thing

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Speaker 1: that started all this, that rising moist air in that

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Speaker 1: one spot. Because as these different storms assemble into a larger,

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Speaker 1: more cohesive hole, the center, the lowest pressure center, right

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Speaker 1: where there's the most the warmest, moistest air is rising up.

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Speaker 1: Um it also has the lowest pressure, and because nature

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Speaker 1: abhors a vacuum, higher pressure air is trying to come

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Speaker 1: in to fill it. But there's something that um we

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Speaker 1: have to talk about called the Coriolis effect, and here's

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Speaker 1: where things really run off the rails for us ticket chuck. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: The Coriolis effect is when you see that hurricane rotating,

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Speaker 1: that's a byproduct or I guess the product of that

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Speaker 1: Coriolis force, which is we've talked about it before, but

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Speaker 1: it's the natural phenomenon that makes fluids in any kind

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Speaker 1: of free moving object either go to the right of

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Speaker 1: their destination if you're in the Northern hemisphere, or to

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Speaker 1: the left in the Southern hemisphere. Uh, not toilets in Australia.

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Speaker 1: I thought, I thought we said that. Okay, so I

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Speaker 1: thought I said it wasn't true, and somebody showed us

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Speaker 1: that it was. It was the opposite. Yeah, I think

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Speaker 1: it's not true. Well we'll find out again. But at

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Speaker 1: any rate, in the Northern hemisphere, your winds deflect to

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Speaker 1: the right. In the Southern Hemisphere, they're going to deflect

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Speaker 1: to the left. And this that deflection that gets the

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Speaker 1: storm spinning. And that's why you get different rotations in

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Speaker 1: each hemisphere. They rotate counterclockwise here in the Northern hemisphere

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Speaker 1: and clockwise in the Southern hemisphere. Right, But we do

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Speaker 1: need to keep going with the Coriolis effect. Sorry, I

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Speaker 1: didn't mean to scare everybody, but the Coriolis effect does

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Speaker 1: two things. It makes the hurricane rotate like you were saying,

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Speaker 1: basically on an axis around that lowest pressure center. And

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Speaker 1: then it also moves the hurricane physically itself as it

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Speaker 1: kind of travels southward from West Africa towards the equator,

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Speaker 1: which is really bizarre because at the equator the Coriolis

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Speaker 1: effect is at its absolute weakest. It's strongest at the polls.

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Speaker 1: But for some reason, something about the Coriolis effect moves

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Speaker 1: the hurricane like a hurricane could theoretically cross the equator

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Speaker 1: from the northern hemisphere to the southern. Who knows what

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Speaker 1: would happen when it and when it transferred over to

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Speaker 1: the other like the opposite Coriolis effect. As far as

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Speaker 1: we know, probably as far as we know, it's never happened.

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Speaker 1: But we've only been keeping track of this stuff for

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Speaker 1: about a hundred years, but it just doesn't ever seem

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Speaker 1: to happen. For some reason, the Corioles effect, despite being

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Speaker 1: weakest that the equator, moves hurricanes back upward over and

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Speaker 1: up back into the left right. So the Coriolis effect

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Speaker 1: us two very important things for hurricanes, but probably the

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Speaker 1: biggest one, the most important one as far as the

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Speaker 1: hurricane itself is concerned, is to keep that thing spinning

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Speaker 1: around in the same motion, clockwise or counterclockwise, depending on

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Speaker 1: your hemisphere. All right, I think we should take a

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Speaker 1: break and we can come back and talk a little

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Speaker 1: bit about what these different categories mean right after this, So, so, Chuck,

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Speaker 1: before we talk categories, I have to pop one more

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Speaker 1: thing in about the coreoles. It's important, you're ready, sure,

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Speaker 1: So that lowest pressure center, what's called the eye m

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Speaker 1: that is actually um. It's the clearest part of the hurricane.

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Speaker 1: Sometimes it's clear skies, um beautiful, eerily calm. And the

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Speaker 1: reason why is because of the Coriolis effect, the lowest

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Speaker 1: pressure center is never overwhelmed by the higher pressure air

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Speaker 1: that's trying to get in. The whole reason that hurricane

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Speaker 1: spins around the center is because all that wind from

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Speaker 1: sometimes hundreds of miles away is traveling to that center

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Speaker 1: trying to fill it, but the Coriolis effect deflects it.

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Speaker 1: They end up going around that center the winds and

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Speaker 1: then up so lifting more warm air up, and they

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Speaker 1: never make it to that middle which is what causes that.

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Speaker 1: And the stronger the winds, meaning the stronger the pressure

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Speaker 1: gradient between the center of the the hurricane and the

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Speaker 1: outer bands beyond the eyewall, the stronger the difference between

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Speaker 1: that gradient, the stronger the hurricane is going to be

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Speaker 1: because the stronger the winds are gonna be trying to

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Speaker 1: fill that low pressure void. That's what causes hurricanes to

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Speaker 1: spin around clockwise or counterclockwise. That is absolutely fascinating to me.

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Speaker 1: It's very cool either storm commest place in the world.

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Speaker 1: It really is, although it's counterintuitive. It is. So the

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Speaker 1: categories category one and this is all broken down and

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Speaker 1: very sort of uh. I mean there's there's really there's.

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Speaker 1: It's it's pretty stiff as as far as how they categorize.

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Speaker 1: He's saying, right, it's not willy nilly. They don't say

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Speaker 1: like this. It's getting pretty bad. I think it's a two.

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Speaker 1: Actually measure things and there are demarcation lines by usually

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Speaker 1: wind speeds is one of the big parts. Um is

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Speaker 1: a category one and that's gonna you know, I could

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Speaker 1: blow a tree branch into your roof or or get

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Speaker 1: some shingles shuttering. You might have to get out the pruners.

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Speaker 1: Category two is ten miles per hour. That's getting pretty

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Speaker 1: dangerous and you're gonna get some pretty extensive damage at

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Speaker 1: this point. Um Like you know, the siding of your house,

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Speaker 1: the frame of your house. Shallow trees can be snapped

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Speaker 1: or uprooted. At this point, you're probably gonna get some

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Speaker 1: power loss. Number three is a major hurricane. Category three

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Speaker 1: is at one eleven hundred twenty nine miles and they

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Speaker 1: rank this as devastating damage and you know, lots of

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Speaker 1: trees uprooted. You definitely will lose probably power and water

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Speaker 1: for a period of time for the category three. And

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Speaker 1: then you've got your category four, which is a hundred

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Speaker 1: and thirty to a hundred and fifty six. Category five

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Speaker 1: is hundred and fifty seven. Are higher. You're probably not

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Speaker 1: gonna see many Cat fives, but the Cat four is

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Speaker 1: pretty catastrophic, and those are the ones that we've seen

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Speaker 1: more and more of in more recent years. Category fives

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Speaker 1: are just, yeah, that's extreme catastrophe there monsters monsters. So

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Speaker 1: category four and five, there's not a tremendous amount of

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Speaker 1: differences of both, like you said, considered catastrophic um damage

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Speaker 1: causing hurricanes, But I get the impression that the difference

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Speaker 1: between four and five and really like real life is substantial.

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Speaker 1: But either way, they're gonna like leave so many trees

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Speaker 1: and power lines down that you're this that whatever area

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Speaker 1: gets hit substantially by one of those UM category four

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Speaker 1: or five are going to basically be isolated both without

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Speaker 1: power but also um the roads are going to be

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Speaker 1: made impassable. And sometimes you can be stuck in the

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Speaker 1: midst of this for weeks before you can can be

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Speaker 1: reached again. The destruction can be so bad from them. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and you know, if you're are a coastal liver, um,

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Speaker 1: this is a part of your life. Every year hurricane

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Speaker 1: season is a big deal. You've got your your house

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Speaker 1: retrofitted ideally at this point, I think like almost any

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Speaker 1: coastal house these days is on stilts. If it's you know,

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Speaker 1: built in the last twenty plus years, well, not just that,

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Speaker 1: I think after two thousand five, I want to say

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Speaker 1: it was Hurricane Andrew um Florida in particular, past new

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Speaker 1: building codes that I like, if you put a roof on,

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Speaker 1: it has to have like this kind of joist and

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Speaker 1: um Like whatever windows are put in have to be

400
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Speaker 1: like wind proof. Up to thirty miles. Probably they've definitely

401
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Speaker 1: like started to take that seriously because so many people

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Speaker 1: were dying before, but also because of the billions and

403
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Speaker 1: billions of dollars of property damage that would happen every year. Yeah,

404
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Speaker 1: I mean here in Atlanta, obviously we don't get hurricanes.

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Speaker 1: Coastal Georgia, we certainly do, but we do get the

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Speaker 1: outer bands of the hurricane, and we can get some

407
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Speaker 1: really bad wind and rain and some flooding and stuff

408
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Speaker 1: like that. But we're obviously far enough inland to where

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Speaker 1: the eye of the hurricane is not going to really

410
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Speaker 1: affect us. But if you're in the Gulf or along

411
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Speaker 1: the Florida or South Carolina, North Carolina up into Virginia

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Speaker 1: even um, and then you know, like you said, they

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Speaker 1: can go higher Maryland and New England, but in even

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Speaker 1: New York City. But generally I think like kind of

415
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Speaker 1: from Virginia down is where you're gonna be the most

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Speaker 1: worried in hurricane season. So um, you know, you mean,

417
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Speaker 1: And I have a place in Florida, right and we

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Speaker 1: were down there once and I think it was Hurricane

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Speaker 1: Michael a year or so ago, came through and we

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Speaker 1: got out of there and came up to Atlanta, and

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Speaker 1: that thing followed us all the way up to Atlanta

422
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Speaker 1: and knocked the power out. We're at our place. There

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Speaker 1: was that a shaggy dog story. Do you know what

424
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Speaker 1: a shaggy dog story is? A story that seems um

425
00:25:33,280 --> 00:25:36,840
Speaker 1: uh worthwhile or worth saying to the person saying it,

426
00:25:36,920 --> 00:25:39,679
Speaker 1: but not to anybody else. Oh, I don't think so.

427
00:25:39,840 --> 00:25:41,320
Speaker 1: And why did they call it a shaggy dogs? I

428
00:25:41,320 --> 00:25:42,919
Speaker 1: have no idea. We need to get to the bottom

429
00:25:42,960 --> 00:25:47,320
Speaker 1: of that someday. No, I think it's a great story. Um.

430
00:25:47,400 --> 00:25:51,360
Speaker 1: And I remember when that happened. In fact, you do. Wow.

431
00:25:51,560 --> 00:25:54,520
Speaker 1: I love it when my life is part of your life.

432
00:25:55,600 --> 00:25:57,680
Speaker 1: I know it's like happens to it three times a

433
00:25:57,760 --> 00:26:02,520
Speaker 1: year and every Tuesday, that's right. Uh, yeah, I totally

434
00:26:02,560 --> 00:26:05,520
Speaker 1: remember that. And you've also, um, you know, like any

435
00:26:05,560 --> 00:26:10,080
Speaker 1: good coastal liver, you've got hurricane shutters and stuff like that, right, No, yeah,

436
00:26:10,119 --> 00:26:12,760
Speaker 1: for sure, and like the high impact windows and all

437
00:26:12,800 --> 00:26:15,560
Speaker 1: that stuff. Yeah, you just gotta do that stuff these days. Oh,

438
00:26:15,640 --> 00:26:18,439
Speaker 1: you definitely do. And it's like really kind of scary

439
00:26:18,520 --> 00:26:21,560
Speaker 1: if you're out there not like that, you know, because

440
00:26:21,800 --> 00:26:23,600
Speaker 1: there was two thousand five when they passed that building.

441
00:26:23,600 --> 00:26:25,639
Speaker 1: CA There's a lot of places that haven't been retrofit,

442
00:26:25,800 --> 00:26:27,919
Speaker 1: and you know, it's like the whole community kind of

443
00:26:27,920 --> 00:26:30,440
Speaker 1: comes together to take care of everybody who who needs

444
00:26:30,440 --> 00:26:32,639
Speaker 1: help around that time, which is pretty cool. But one

445
00:26:32,680 --> 00:26:35,919
Speaker 1: of the reasons why everybody has, you know, days to

446
00:26:36,040 --> 00:26:38,199
Speaker 1: prepare for this kind of thing and go to the

447
00:26:38,240 --> 00:26:40,480
Speaker 1: store and buy every banana you can get your hands

448
00:26:40,520 --> 00:26:43,160
Speaker 1: on and like five loaves of bread and all that

449
00:26:43,600 --> 00:26:45,840
Speaker 1: um and put up sandbags and stuff is because of

450
00:26:45,840 --> 00:26:50,840
Speaker 1: the modeling and um forecasting that has has been developed

451
00:26:50,840 --> 00:26:54,800
Speaker 1: in the last I don't know, fifty sixty years UM.

452
00:26:54,840 --> 00:26:58,119
Speaker 1: That's really saved a lot of people's lives because we

453
00:26:58,160 --> 00:27:01,280
Speaker 1: didn't have warnings before. It was just the sky started

454
00:27:01,280 --> 00:27:04,280
Speaker 1: to look pretty bad and you know, an hour or

455
00:27:04,280 --> 00:27:08,639
Speaker 1: two later your town was gone. Yeah, and it's you know,

456
00:27:08,680 --> 00:27:11,480
Speaker 1: I rent the beach house on Isle of Palms every

457
00:27:11,600 --> 00:27:15,400
Speaker 1: usually in all those houses are you know, fifteen feet

458
00:27:15,440 --> 00:27:18,120
Speaker 1: off the ground on those on those legs, And it's

459
00:27:18,160 --> 00:27:20,160
Speaker 1: just crazy to me to think about the old days

460
00:27:20,200 --> 00:27:22,479
Speaker 1: when you would just have a house sitting on the

461
00:27:22,520 --> 00:27:26,360
Speaker 1: sand like seventy five ft from the from high time.

462
00:27:26,640 --> 00:27:29,320
Speaker 1: This is such a bad idea. Because such a bad idea.

463
00:27:29,359 --> 00:27:31,400
Speaker 1: One of the things, one of the big problems that

464
00:27:31,520 --> 00:27:35,760
Speaker 1: make hurricanes so destructive, Chuck, is that not only um

465
00:27:35,880 --> 00:27:38,080
Speaker 1: is it the wind that can come through, and you know,

466
00:27:38,240 --> 00:27:41,880
Speaker 1: once it reaches I think like a category three, four

467
00:27:42,000 --> 00:27:44,840
Speaker 1: or five, you're that's when you're gonna start to lose

468
00:27:44,880 --> 00:27:47,840
Speaker 1: your deck. Um not just your decks are your roof

469
00:27:47,880 --> 00:27:50,680
Speaker 1: decking is really what I meant, you'd be like my deck,

470
00:27:51,320 --> 00:27:53,760
Speaker 1: which would suck because decks are kind of expensive. But

471
00:27:53,800 --> 00:27:56,199
Speaker 1: it's your roof decking that you really be worried about.

472
00:27:56,480 --> 00:28:00,600
Speaker 1: And that happens when the wind itself yours is the

473
00:28:00,760 --> 00:28:03,520
Speaker 1: envelope of your house, like it breaks a window or

474
00:28:03,560 --> 00:28:04,960
Speaker 1: something like that, and now all of a sudden, you've

475
00:28:04,960 --> 00:28:07,520
Speaker 1: got a pressure difference inside and outside of your house,

476
00:28:07,600 --> 00:28:10,359
Speaker 1: which can actually pop the roof right off of your house.

477
00:28:10,640 --> 00:28:13,640
Speaker 1: Which once that happens, your your walls start to give way.

478
00:28:13,640 --> 00:28:16,720
Speaker 1: It's a bad jamp. Wind is very destructive too. But

479
00:28:16,800 --> 00:28:19,959
Speaker 1: the reason people started putting houses on stilts is because

480
00:28:20,320 --> 00:28:23,480
Speaker 1: that wind is so strong and the hurricane can be

481
00:28:23,520 --> 00:28:27,440
Speaker 1: so massive that it actually pushes the ocean inland. It's

482
00:28:27,600 --> 00:28:30,439
Speaker 1: it's not like a huge wave. It's a it's here's

483
00:28:30,440 --> 00:28:33,879
Speaker 1: the ocean way further inland than it should be, and

484
00:28:33,920 --> 00:28:36,760
Speaker 1: it's called a storm surge. And it's a huge problem

485
00:28:36,800 --> 00:28:40,120
Speaker 1: with with hurricanes. Yeah. And you know, I've been to

486
00:28:40,160 --> 00:28:43,680
Speaker 1: places before and after, uh, just from year to year

487
00:28:43,720 --> 00:28:48,480
Speaker 1: on vacation, and the it can literally remake the coastline. Um,

488
00:28:48,600 --> 00:28:52,800
Speaker 1: they look vastly different after a hurricane. I think that

489
00:28:52,880 --> 00:28:54,840
Speaker 1: one of the years we went to Isle of Palms,

490
00:28:54,840 --> 00:29:00,760
Speaker 1: it was after a hurricane and instead of uh, you know,

491
00:29:00,800 --> 00:29:03,200
Speaker 1: the walk to the beach from the house, instead of

492
00:29:03,560 --> 00:29:07,800
Speaker 1: you know that sort of gradual uh declined to the

493
00:29:07,880 --> 00:29:10,400
Speaker 1: to the water, it was in some places like a

494
00:29:10,800 --> 00:29:14,920
Speaker 1: fift ft drop of just a sheer wall cliff of

495
00:29:14,960 --> 00:29:17,680
Speaker 1: sand and people had ladders and stuff like that. You

496
00:29:17,680 --> 00:29:19,320
Speaker 1: would literally have to climb down a ladder to get

497
00:29:19,360 --> 00:29:21,920
Speaker 1: down to the to the ocean e beach part. Yeah,

498
00:29:21,920 --> 00:29:24,200
Speaker 1: and that's not good if your house is built on

499
00:29:24,320 --> 00:29:26,520
Speaker 1: that sand that used to be there. And as we

500
00:29:26,560 --> 00:29:28,720
Speaker 1: saw in our um, we're running on a sand and

501
00:29:28,760 --> 00:29:31,760
Speaker 1: that really matters episode that we need that sand. We

502
00:29:31,800 --> 00:29:34,560
Speaker 1: can't afford the ocean to just come reclaim that that's

503
00:29:34,640 --> 00:29:38,520
Speaker 1: our sand. Yeah, And well, the good thing about Isle

504
00:29:38,560 --> 00:29:41,880
Speaker 1: of Palmzo is those houses are set back a great deal. Uh,

505
00:29:41,920 --> 00:29:44,680
Speaker 1: They're not on that sand. There's that big area of

506
00:29:46,000 --> 00:29:50,320
Speaker 1: sea grass and just do shrubbery and stuff in between. Uh.

507
00:29:50,360 --> 00:29:52,680
Speaker 1: And so it's it's just a safer bet when you're

508
00:29:52,680 --> 00:29:55,600
Speaker 1: trying to book a place because it's not it's not

509
00:29:55,600 --> 00:29:58,680
Speaker 1: a hurricane proof. But by the time the water gets there,

510
00:29:58,720 --> 00:30:00,280
Speaker 1: I mean that would have to be a really really

511
00:30:00,400 --> 00:30:04,240
Speaker 1: big surge. Yeah yeah, um, but it happens. It does happen.

512
00:30:04,280 --> 00:30:07,080
Speaker 1: I mean it definitely like a storm search can be

513
00:30:07,080 --> 00:30:10,800
Speaker 1: pretty bad. I think Hurricane Harvey uh in Houston in

514
00:30:10,840 --> 00:30:13,800
Speaker 1: two thousand seventeen. One of the reasons it was so

515
00:30:13,880 --> 00:30:16,000
Speaker 1: destructive it was, from what I saw, was the second

516
00:30:16,040 --> 00:30:20,080
Speaker 1: most expensive storm UM that's ever hit the US. It

517
00:30:20,120 --> 00:30:24,240
Speaker 1: costs a hundred and twenty dollars that's it. It costs

518
00:30:24,280 --> 00:30:28,440
Speaker 1: a hundred and twenty eight billion dollars in UM damages.

519
00:30:28,760 --> 00:30:30,720
Speaker 1: And one of the reasons why is because of that

520
00:30:30,840 --> 00:30:35,280
Speaker 1: storm search and not just you know, flooding houses and

521
00:30:35,360 --> 00:30:39,040
Speaker 1: causing property damage. That kind of storm search can overwhelm

522
00:30:39,080 --> 00:30:42,480
Speaker 1: your sewer system and mess with your drinking water supply

523
00:30:43,120 --> 00:30:45,200
Speaker 1: and do all sorts of horrible stuff. We can kill

524
00:30:45,240 --> 00:30:48,240
Speaker 1: off tons of wildlife because that's something that gets overlooked

525
00:30:48,280 --> 00:30:51,120
Speaker 1: in hurricanes. You know, the humans are so worried about

526
00:30:51,240 --> 00:30:54,840
Speaker 1: us and then our pets and everything. The wildlife itself

527
00:30:54,920 --> 00:30:59,160
Speaker 1: can really take a hit like fish. Hurricanes can kill fish.

528
00:30:59,240 --> 00:31:01,680
Speaker 1: That's how destruct if they are. They slam them into

529
00:31:01,800 --> 00:31:05,920
Speaker 1: like underwater outcroppings and sandbars and stuff and just kill

530
00:31:06,000 --> 00:31:08,880
Speaker 1: the fish. That's how That's how forceful these things are.

531
00:31:09,280 --> 00:31:13,040
Speaker 1: So there's a lot of other problems that arise from

532
00:31:13,320 --> 00:31:16,400
Speaker 1: the hurricane, in particular the storm surge too, that we've

533
00:31:16,440 --> 00:31:19,640
Speaker 1: only really started to kind of grasp in the last

534
00:31:19,680 --> 00:31:24,880
Speaker 1: like a few decades of of examining hurricanes. Yeah, but

535
00:31:24,920 --> 00:31:27,440
Speaker 1: you were talking about tracking, it's gotten so much better

536
00:31:27,560 --> 00:31:31,200
Speaker 1: these days. Um. On the ground, there's something called the

537
00:31:31,360 --> 00:31:36,080
Speaker 1: Regional Specialized meter Meteorological Centers, and this is just basically

538
00:31:36,080 --> 00:31:40,320
Speaker 1: a network all around the world of global centers that

539
00:31:40,360 --> 00:31:44,600
Speaker 1: are designated by the World Meteorological Organization, and they are

540
00:31:44,640 --> 00:31:49,360
Speaker 1: the ones who track these things using weather satellites, uh,

541
00:31:49,520 --> 00:31:54,160
Speaker 1: using infrared technology and infrared sensors. They're they're going to

542
00:31:54,280 --> 00:31:58,960
Speaker 1: detect all those all the minutia of the temperature differences, uh,

543
00:31:59,200 --> 00:32:01,880
Speaker 1: cloud heights, all these things. You know how you mentioned

544
00:32:01,880 --> 00:32:04,600
Speaker 1: that all these things have to kind of be perfect.

545
00:32:05,000 --> 00:32:09,360
Speaker 1: They have all these ways of measuring these little bits

546
00:32:09,400 --> 00:32:16,240
Speaker 1: of perfection as they align, and they know pretty well. Now, Um,

547
00:32:16,320 --> 00:32:18,320
Speaker 1: you know, things can change and things can reverse course.

548
00:32:18,360 --> 00:32:21,840
Speaker 1: I know people get frustrated when they keep changing the

549
00:32:21,880 --> 00:32:23,760
Speaker 1: path of the herc and you know, they don't keep

550
00:32:23,800 --> 00:32:27,200
Speaker 1: changing it when they report all changes. But that's I

551
00:32:27,240 --> 00:32:29,480
Speaker 1: think people kind of act that way. Sometimes they do

552
00:32:29,600 --> 00:32:31,720
Speaker 1: for sure, you know, you make me leave my house

553
00:32:31,760 --> 00:32:34,160
Speaker 1: and this thing didn't even make landfall. It's like they're

554
00:32:34,200 --> 00:32:36,080
Speaker 1: they're doing a pretty good job and they're doing the

555
00:32:36,120 --> 00:32:38,880
Speaker 1: best they can. Well, it's problematic too as far as

556
00:32:38,880 --> 00:32:42,360
Speaker 1: forecasting goes, because if you do that to people in

557
00:32:42,400 --> 00:32:45,440
Speaker 1: a coastal area, you know, a couple of times in

558
00:32:45,440 --> 00:32:48,680
Speaker 1: one year, they're gonna stop listening to you, and you know,

559
00:32:48,800 --> 00:32:51,200
Speaker 1: you might be a percent right and and something's gonna

560
00:32:51,200 --> 00:32:52,880
Speaker 1: make landfall right on top of them and they're not

561
00:32:52,880 --> 00:32:55,840
Speaker 1: gonna leave. So there is definitely a fine line, and

562
00:32:55,880 --> 00:32:59,360
Speaker 1: there is kind of a balance between knowing too soon

563
00:33:00,280 --> 00:33:03,880
Speaker 1: and um and not knowing at all. And we're kind

564
00:33:03,880 --> 00:33:06,080
Speaker 1: of working our way toward that sweet spot for sure,

565
00:33:06,080 --> 00:33:09,120
Speaker 1: and it's gotten way better. But very very famously, if

566
00:33:09,160 --> 00:33:12,920
Speaker 1: you ever follow hurricanes um as they start to kind

567
00:33:12,920 --> 00:33:16,560
Speaker 1: of come towards the US, Like there's the famous the

568
00:33:16,760 --> 00:33:20,480
Speaker 1: spaghetti model. Have you ever seen one of those? So

569
00:33:20,720 --> 00:33:24,000
Speaker 1: all of those is just a tangle of tracks of

570
00:33:24,320 --> 00:33:28,120
Speaker 1: the hurricane that have been forecasted. So the European model

571
00:33:28,240 --> 00:33:31,320
Speaker 1: is typically thought of as probably the most accurate, and

572
00:33:31,400 --> 00:33:33,880
Speaker 1: that's put together by an agency in Europe and they say,

573
00:33:33,960 --> 00:33:36,040
Speaker 1: here's what the track that we think. Then there's like

574
00:33:36,120 --> 00:33:38,800
Speaker 1: ten or a dozen or fifteen different agencies and groups

575
00:33:39,120 --> 00:33:41,840
Speaker 1: all forecasting a track. When you put them all together,

576
00:33:42,200 --> 00:33:44,960
Speaker 1: it looks like different colored lines of spaghetti over the map,

577
00:33:45,240 --> 00:33:48,920
Speaker 1: and you get a pretty good idea of just where

578
00:33:48,960 --> 00:33:52,880
Speaker 1: the thing's gonna go based on all of these different

579
00:33:53,040 --> 00:33:55,920
Speaker 1: um predictions, kind of like the wisdom of crowd, do

580
00:33:55,920 --> 00:33:57,959
Speaker 1: you know what I mean? Where the more information you

581
00:33:57,960 --> 00:34:00,640
Speaker 1: have and you put together, the more guests as put together,

582
00:34:01,040 --> 00:34:05,160
Speaker 1: probably the closer combined they're going to be too accurate

583
00:34:05,480 --> 00:34:08,640
Speaker 1: than any one of them individually would have a chance

584
00:34:08,680 --> 00:34:11,720
Speaker 1: to be. Yeah, and the cool thing about spaghetti models,

585
00:34:11,719 --> 00:34:14,960
Speaker 1: and this is true of like uh, percentage of rain

586
00:34:15,040 --> 00:34:16,600
Speaker 1: and stuff that you might see every day is a

587
00:34:16,640 --> 00:34:19,640
Speaker 1: lot of it is based on past data, um, like

588
00:34:19,680 --> 00:34:21,600
Speaker 1: what's going on now for sure, But then when you

589
00:34:21,600 --> 00:34:24,680
Speaker 1: plug that into all the past data and behaviors of

590
00:34:24,920 --> 00:34:26,759
Speaker 1: storms in the past and what they've done and how

591
00:34:26,760 --> 00:34:29,560
Speaker 1: they've moved and behaved, you can get a pretty cool model.

592
00:34:29,680 --> 00:34:32,879
Speaker 1: And I've always loved that about whether that they use

593
00:34:33,239 --> 00:34:38,359
Speaker 1: so much historical data to predict what could happen this time, right,

594
00:34:38,760 --> 00:34:42,320
Speaker 1: That's what they used to produce the Cone of Uncertainty,

595
00:34:42,880 --> 00:34:47,720
Speaker 1: which is one of the most confusing meteorological models, maybe

596
00:34:47,760 --> 00:34:51,439
Speaker 1: any kind of model there is on the planet. Um,

597
00:34:51,480 --> 00:34:54,520
Speaker 1: it's a really great useful tool if you know what

598
00:34:54,800 --> 00:34:58,080
Speaker 1: it's talking about. If you don't know exactly what it's

599
00:34:58,120 --> 00:35:01,440
Speaker 1: talking about, it's seriously confused, using, and really misleading in

600
00:35:01,440 --> 00:35:04,000
Speaker 1: a lot of ways. But with the Cone of Uncertainty

601
00:35:04,080 --> 00:35:07,320
Speaker 1: is everybody's seen it. It's like kind of like this funnel.

602
00:35:07,400 --> 00:35:10,520
Speaker 1: It looks like a tornado basically that that looks like

603
00:35:10,600 --> 00:35:15,120
Speaker 1: it shows the path and width of the hurricane. It

604
00:35:15,200 --> 00:35:17,800
Speaker 1: goes from kind of small to wider and wider and wider,

605
00:35:18,080 --> 00:35:20,920
Speaker 1: so it looks like what it's showing you is the

606
00:35:20,960 --> 00:35:24,279
Speaker 1: track of a hurricane and how big the hurricane is

607
00:35:24,320 --> 00:35:27,160
Speaker 1: gonna grow over time. That's not at all with the

608
00:35:27,200 --> 00:35:30,600
Speaker 1: cone of uncertainty. Shows what the cone of uncertainty is. Instead,

609
00:35:30,960 --> 00:35:34,240
Speaker 1: it's a plot of like I think about five different

610
00:35:34,800 --> 00:35:41,120
Speaker 1: circles representing the next seventy two onto five days out forecasts,

611
00:35:41,760 --> 00:35:44,360
Speaker 1: and it says, here's all the data we have, and

612
00:35:44,360 --> 00:35:48,480
Speaker 1: we're crunching those numbers, and then we're comparing them to

613
00:35:49,000 --> 00:35:52,520
Speaker 1: how accurate we were in the last five years for

614
00:35:52,600 --> 00:35:55,120
Speaker 1: predicting hurricanes that were five years out. And then all

615
00:35:55,120 --> 00:35:57,600
Speaker 1: of a sudden you put that together. That forms the circle.

616
00:35:57,760 --> 00:35:59,840
Speaker 1: And that five day out circle is always the biggest

617
00:36:00,200 --> 00:36:04,160
Speaker 1: because it's hardest to predict weather patterns five days out.

618
00:36:04,800 --> 00:36:07,600
Speaker 1: But what it looks like when you take those increasingly

619
00:36:07,719 --> 00:36:10,799
Speaker 1: larger circles and connect them with the line is that

620
00:36:10,840 --> 00:36:13,279
Speaker 1: it's forming a path. And really what it's showing is

621
00:36:13,640 --> 00:36:18,239
Speaker 1: this is the potential distance between the track of the

622
00:36:18,320 --> 00:36:22,560
Speaker 1: hurricane the center of the hurricane um and it could

623
00:36:22,719 --> 00:36:25,160
Speaker 1: it could land anywhere in here, not the edges of it.

624
00:36:25,200 --> 00:36:28,800
Speaker 1: We're talking just just the center. So every time hurricane

625
00:36:28,840 --> 00:36:31,600
Speaker 1: season rolls around, people go and look up what the

626
00:36:31,640 --> 00:36:33,879
Speaker 1: cone of uncertainty means, because it doesn't mean at all

627
00:36:33,920 --> 00:36:36,360
Speaker 1: what you think it does. Hopefully, I've cleared it up

628
00:36:36,400 --> 00:36:39,319
Speaker 1: for like two people, and I probably just confused the

629
00:36:39,360 --> 00:36:43,239
Speaker 1: other million even further. Uh. The cool thing about those

630
00:36:43,280 --> 00:36:45,520
Speaker 1: two is that they can be changed with a sharpie.

631
00:36:46,320 --> 00:36:49,960
Speaker 1: That's right, it's really neat. Seen it done. All right,

632
00:36:50,000 --> 00:36:51,759
Speaker 1: I think we should take a break maybe and come

633
00:36:51,800 --> 00:36:55,120
Speaker 1: back and talk about these hurricane names history. How about that.

634
00:36:55,200 --> 00:37:27,960
Speaker 1: Let's do it alright, So hurricane names are named after people. Now, Uh,

635
00:37:28,040 --> 00:37:30,319
Speaker 1: this wasn't always the case, and I didn't know this.

636
00:37:30,320 --> 00:37:33,560
Speaker 1: This is kind of cool, but for many hundreds of years,

637
00:37:33,640 --> 00:37:36,680
Speaker 1: if you were in the West Indies, you would hear

638
00:37:36,760 --> 00:37:41,080
Speaker 1: hurricanes named after the Catholic Saints Day on the day

639
00:37:41,120 --> 00:37:45,000
Speaker 1: that that storm made landfall. So it would be like

640
00:37:45,160 --> 00:37:50,520
Speaker 1: Hurricane San Felipe hit Puerto Rico in on September six.

641
00:37:51,120 --> 00:37:54,200
Speaker 1: Another little fun fact is if another hurricane hits on

642
00:37:54,280 --> 00:37:59,759
Speaker 1: that same day, which actually happened in one, they would

643
00:37:59,840 --> 00:38:02,840
Speaker 1: name that the second, So that was Hurricane San Felipe

644
00:38:02,960 --> 00:38:07,640
Speaker 1: the second. During World War two is when we started

645
00:38:07,680 --> 00:38:11,640
Speaker 1: to give human names. Uh, and they were all masculine

646
00:38:11,719 --> 00:38:14,280
Speaker 1: names though. Yeah, I can kind of followed that whole,

647
00:38:14,320 --> 00:38:19,040
Speaker 1: like Bravo, whiskey tango thing. Yeah, how does that? I

648
00:38:19,040 --> 00:38:21,920
Speaker 1: don't understand that. Well, it's like that, what do you mean?

649
00:38:21,920 --> 00:38:24,359
Speaker 1: It's because those aren't names. I don't understand it either

650
00:38:24,600 --> 00:38:27,320
Speaker 1: from what I saw. From what I saw, we didn't

651
00:38:27,400 --> 00:38:31,480
Speaker 1: really start to use names in the West, um until

652
00:38:31,960 --> 00:38:36,600
Speaker 1: I think the fifties or the seventies. So masculine names

653
00:38:36,640 --> 00:38:39,279
Speaker 1: like Bravo and tango is just they're calling that a

654
00:38:39,320 --> 00:38:41,800
Speaker 1: masculine name. I guess so, because I think we started

655
00:38:41,880 --> 00:38:46,160
Speaker 1: using human names in the fifties and then um, we

656
00:38:46,239 --> 00:38:52,200
Speaker 1: started using um, male and female names in the seventies.

657
00:38:52,400 --> 00:38:55,399
Speaker 1: At first, it was first they were they were ladies, right, yeah,

658
00:38:56,239 --> 00:38:58,359
Speaker 1: And they said, well, that's that's not cool to name

659
00:38:58,440 --> 00:39:02,520
Speaker 1: that after woman. And and every time you guys show

660
00:39:02,600 --> 00:39:06,160
Speaker 1: like the weather model, the forecast model, it's it's not

661
00:39:06,200 --> 00:39:08,279
Speaker 1: a hurricane, it's a woman with rollers in her hair

662
00:39:08,320 --> 00:39:13,320
Speaker 1: and a rolling pin yelling. It seems sexist. And everyone

663
00:39:13,360 --> 00:39:15,680
Speaker 1: finally said, you know, you're right, that is sexist. So

664
00:39:15,680 --> 00:39:18,600
Speaker 1: we're gonna start to alternate between men's names and women's names.

665
00:39:19,040 --> 00:39:23,880
Speaker 1: And so at the beginning of every hurricane season, the

666
00:39:23,880 --> 00:39:29,400
Speaker 1: the what is the World Meteorological Association, Yeah organization. Sorry.

667
00:39:29,719 --> 00:39:32,160
Speaker 1: They release a list of all of the names that

668
00:39:32,200 --> 00:39:36,279
Speaker 1: the Atlantic hurricane season could possibly have, and each name

669
00:39:36,800 --> 00:39:39,040
Speaker 1: starts with a different letter A, B, C, D, and

670
00:39:39,040 --> 00:39:44,880
Speaker 1: so on. Can I listen? This year's you got Arthur? Okay,

671
00:39:45,120 --> 00:39:53,160
Speaker 1: Bertha nice crystal ball. Yeah, you got Dolly, you got Edward,

672
00:39:54,480 --> 00:39:58,120
Speaker 1: you have Faye. And we should mention too that they use,

673
00:39:58,520 --> 00:40:02,279
Speaker 1: you know, names from uh places all over the world now,

674
00:40:03,280 --> 00:40:06,120
Speaker 1: which is great because hurricanes affected places all over the world.

675
00:40:07,320 --> 00:40:11,000
Speaker 1: So you have Faith and you have Gunzalo, you have Hannah,

676
00:40:11,480 --> 00:40:13,759
Speaker 1: you have uh. I don't know even know how you

677
00:40:13,800 --> 00:40:18,000
Speaker 1: pronounced this. I S A I A S says no

678
00:40:19,800 --> 00:40:25,120
Speaker 1: I S A I A S should say us, I

679
00:40:25,200 --> 00:40:29,600
Speaker 1: say us. Then you've got Josephine, nice name. You've got Kyle.

680
00:40:29,760 --> 00:40:34,760
Speaker 1: You've got Laura, You've got Marco. You've got Nana, sweet Nana. Uh.

681
00:40:34,880 --> 00:40:39,040
Speaker 1: You've got Omar paul Lette, which I for some reason

682
00:40:39,120 --> 00:40:45,840
Speaker 1: sounds funny to me, Hurricane paul. Uh. You've got Renee, Sally, Teddy,

683
00:40:46,160 --> 00:40:50,360
Speaker 1: Vicky and finishing up because they don't have y or

684
00:40:50,440 --> 00:40:54,640
Speaker 1: Z for some reason. Uh, Wilfred, that's a good one,

685
00:40:54,719 --> 00:40:57,600
Speaker 1: Hurricane Wilfred sounds tough or an ex Yumi's predicted that

686
00:40:57,719 --> 00:41:03,839
Speaker 1: Hurricane Nana is going to be a particularly bad one.

687
00:41:04,000 --> 00:41:09,840
Speaker 1: And there's actually a longstanding myth that was supposedly, um uh,

688
00:41:10,200 --> 00:41:12,839
Speaker 1: found to be correct by some study a few years

689
00:41:12,880 --> 00:41:19,799
Speaker 1: back that people um don't respect the female names of hurricanes.

690
00:41:20,880 --> 00:41:24,239
Speaker 1: But yeah, so there's this whole there's there's okay, I

691
00:41:24,560 --> 00:41:26,319
Speaker 1: don't know what's wrong with me, I'm putting anything so

692
00:41:26,400 --> 00:41:30,319
Speaker 1: terribly a day. But get this, there's this, this this

693
00:41:30,440 --> 00:41:35,040
Speaker 1: urban legend that hurricanes that have women's names are the

694
00:41:35,080 --> 00:41:39,080
Speaker 1: most destructive because people don't take them as seriously and

695
00:41:39,120 --> 00:41:41,759
Speaker 1: they don't leave. So there's more people present to be

696
00:41:41,920 --> 00:41:45,440
Speaker 1: killed when a hurricane lands for a woman named hurricane

697
00:41:45,480 --> 00:41:48,359
Speaker 1: than a man named hurricane. And for a long time,

698
00:41:48,880 --> 00:41:50,239
Speaker 1: for a long time, it was just this kind of

699
00:41:50,280 --> 00:41:53,200
Speaker 1: old wives tale or something, and then this this study

700
00:41:53,320 --> 00:41:56,600
Speaker 1: found in like I think two thousand fourteen or something

701
00:41:56,680 --> 00:41:59,120
Speaker 1: like that that know this actually is true. Somebody sat

702
00:41:59,120 --> 00:42:01,359
Speaker 1: down to crunch the number. And then finally, I think

703
00:42:01,680 --> 00:42:04,919
Speaker 1: two years ago, they're like, this study was terrible, and

704
00:42:05,040 --> 00:42:07,880
Speaker 1: that's absolutely not true. If we looked at the numbers

705
00:42:07,920 --> 00:42:11,040
Speaker 1: two and that's just not the case. All right. Well,

706
00:42:11,040 --> 00:42:12,920
Speaker 1: that's good to know, because that's the dumbest thing I've

707
00:42:12,920 --> 00:42:15,000
Speaker 1: ever heard. It is kind of dumb, but it has

708
00:42:15,080 --> 00:42:17,080
Speaker 1: like this weird kernel of truth to It's like a

709
00:42:17,120 --> 00:42:20,440
Speaker 1: perfect urban legend, you know what I mean, because it's

710
00:42:20,680 --> 00:42:24,000
Speaker 1: believable and who's who's ever gonna sit down and prove

711
00:42:24,040 --> 00:42:26,440
Speaker 1: it one way or another? You know? Yeah, that's true.

712
00:42:27,120 --> 00:42:29,200
Speaker 1: Oh wait, hold on one more thing, choke. While we're

713
00:42:29,200 --> 00:42:32,600
Speaker 1: on names, Um, there are different names elsewhere in the world.

714
00:42:32,640 --> 00:42:35,320
Speaker 1: So the names you just said those are for Atlantic hurricanes.

715
00:42:35,680 --> 00:42:38,440
Speaker 1: In Australia they have their own set of names that

716
00:42:38,480 --> 00:42:41,919
Speaker 1: they name cyclones, and then elsewhere in the world, there's

717
00:42:42,000 --> 00:42:47,280
Speaker 1: thirteen member nations that name typhoons and some cyclones um

718
00:42:47,360 --> 00:42:51,200
Speaker 1: countries like Bangladesh and India and Thailand. Each one submits

719
00:42:51,239 --> 00:42:56,040
Speaker 1: thirteen names, and each list contains thirteen names from each

720
00:42:56,040 --> 00:42:57,840
Speaker 1: one of those countries, So you have a hundred and

721
00:42:57,880 --> 00:43:00,680
Speaker 1: sixty names to choose from every year. So depending on

722
00:43:00,719 --> 00:43:03,480
Speaker 1: where you are in the world, whether patterns going to

723
00:43:03,560 --> 00:43:06,840
Speaker 1: have a much more localized name than than what you

724
00:43:06,880 --> 00:43:11,200
Speaker 1: would expect. That's right, And if a hurricane is really destructive,

725
00:43:11,200 --> 00:43:16,160
Speaker 1: they will retire that. And I'm using air quotes there

726
00:43:16,200 --> 00:43:19,040
Speaker 1: because they really just put it down for ten years.

727
00:43:20,480 --> 00:43:22,480
Speaker 1: I don't know why they don't just don't do it forever,

728
00:43:22,719 --> 00:43:25,480
Speaker 1: Like there should never be another, Like in eleven years,

729
00:43:25,719 --> 00:43:28,800
Speaker 1: surely they won't have a Hurricane Katrina or an Andrew

730
00:43:28,880 --> 00:43:31,120
Speaker 1: or a Harvey. Right, I don't know why would they.

731
00:43:31,200 --> 00:43:33,360
Speaker 1: There's so many names. I don't know why bring it

732
00:43:33,400 --> 00:43:35,759
Speaker 1: any name back. I have no idea. I think they're like,

733
00:43:35,800 --> 00:43:37,400
Speaker 1: we have better things to do than come up with

734
00:43:37,440 --> 00:43:42,600
Speaker 1: more stupid names, you know. Yeah, I just uh, I

735
00:43:42,600 --> 00:43:45,319
Speaker 1: mean they obviously do that to avoid confusion. Uh. And

736
00:43:45,400 --> 00:43:47,920
Speaker 1: once this storm is sort of this legendary storm, like

737
00:43:47,960 --> 00:43:51,359
Speaker 1: a Katrina. Um, there's just no reason to ever name

738
00:43:51,400 --> 00:43:54,520
Speaker 1: another one that. No, No, I'm with you, I agree, Um,

739
00:43:54,680 --> 00:43:56,480
Speaker 1: if you you don't believe in luck, I just think

740
00:43:56,520 --> 00:43:58,560
Speaker 1: it's not a good idea. It does seem like ten

741
00:43:58,640 --> 00:44:01,040
Speaker 1: years is a little short. I could not see them

742
00:44:01,080 --> 00:44:04,319
Speaker 1: doing another Katrina. That's just not gonna happen, you know. No,

743
00:44:04,520 --> 00:44:07,960
Speaker 1: there's no way. So let's talk about climate change. You

744
00:44:07,960 --> 00:44:12,440
Speaker 1: want to, Yeah, Well, before we talk about climate change,

745
00:44:12,480 --> 00:44:15,759
Speaker 1: just quickly, as far as the historical record goes you know,

746
00:44:15,800 --> 00:44:18,600
Speaker 1: there's always been hurricanes, and this will kind of segue

747
00:44:18,680 --> 00:44:22,000
Speaker 1: nicely into climate change because things are getting worse. But

748
00:44:22,239 --> 00:44:24,920
Speaker 1: there always have been hurricanes, even way back in the day.

749
00:44:24,960 --> 00:44:29,480
Speaker 1: We didn't have great records, but there are um you

750
00:44:29,800 --> 00:44:33,640
Speaker 1: can do research on, uh, like cave wall drawings and

751
00:44:33,680 --> 00:44:37,080
Speaker 1: things like that seemed to indicate stuff like hurricanes. And

752
00:44:37,280 --> 00:44:39,120
Speaker 1: I think there was an L s U team that

753
00:44:39,200 --> 00:44:43,040
Speaker 1: studied thousands of years of lake bed evidence and they

754
00:44:43,080 --> 00:44:46,400
Speaker 1: can tell that over I think like thirty four years,

755
00:44:46,640 --> 00:44:49,040
Speaker 1: there have been about a dozen Category four or higher

756
00:44:49,080 --> 00:44:52,480
Speaker 1: in that area, most of which were in the past

757
00:44:52,520 --> 00:44:57,840
Speaker 1: thousand years. Yeah, it does, but I mean that's just

758
00:44:58,000 --> 00:45:02,560
Speaker 1: for that area. Another one, there was a really big

759
00:45:03,160 --> 00:45:07,920
Speaker 1: hurricane historically speaking, when Um Genghis Khan was going to

760
00:45:07,960 --> 00:45:12,000
Speaker 1: invade Japan in twelve seventy four. The Mongols were invading Japan.

761
00:45:12,040 --> 00:45:15,000
Speaker 1: There's a fleet that had something like a hundred or

762
00:45:15,000 --> 00:45:18,560
Speaker 1: two hundred thousand people on board and they were really

763
00:45:18,560 --> 00:45:23,160
Speaker 1: going to invade Japan, and Hurricane blew in and sunk

764
00:45:23,280 --> 00:45:26,600
Speaker 1: the fleet, and the Japanese had a name for this

765
00:45:26,680 --> 00:45:31,520
Speaker 1: incredible miraculous act of mercy by whatever God was watching

766
00:45:31,520 --> 00:45:35,640
Speaker 1: over them. Uh. They named it divine Wind. Yeah, and

767
00:45:35,680 --> 00:45:38,480
Speaker 1: that actually would come into term into use later on

768
00:45:38,520 --> 00:45:41,279
Speaker 1: in World War Two because divine wind in Japanese is

769
00:45:41,320 --> 00:45:47,399
Speaker 1: kamakassi kamakazi. Yeah, and that's a chapter in our book, right.

770
00:45:47,760 --> 00:45:49,600
Speaker 1: I'm so glad I was teeing you up. I was like,

771
00:45:49,719 --> 00:45:52,319
Speaker 1: come on, Chuck, I didn't know if we could reveal that,

772
00:45:52,360 --> 00:45:54,080
Speaker 1: But yeah, we got a book coming out this fall,

773
00:45:55,200 --> 00:45:58,200
Speaker 1: and uh, you can preorder it now, plug plug plug.

774
00:45:58,320 --> 00:46:00,799
Speaker 1: And there's a great, great chapter on kama kazee in there.

775
00:46:01,160 --> 00:46:03,840
Speaker 1: The whole thing is just great from top to bottom. Chuck.

776
00:46:04,360 --> 00:46:08,000
Speaker 1: I'm wondering when will be allowed to do some of

777
00:46:08,000 --> 00:46:11,239
Speaker 1: those chapters as podcast episodes if ever, I don't know.

778
00:46:12,000 --> 00:46:14,120
Speaker 1: I don't know what it gives us that permission. I

779
00:46:14,160 --> 00:46:18,680
Speaker 1: think we give ourselves that permission, okay, us, okay, maybe

780
00:46:18,680 --> 00:46:20,960
Speaker 1: maybe a couple of years after it's out, we can

781
00:46:21,000 --> 00:46:23,920
Speaker 1: start start doling those out a little bit, harvesting it

782
00:46:23,960 --> 00:46:27,480
Speaker 1: for parts. Sure, that's another way to put it, right.

783
00:46:27,840 --> 00:46:30,480
Speaker 1: They could have another life. So um, well, I mean

784
00:46:30,719 --> 00:46:33,120
Speaker 1: the stuff that we talk about, they're not like necessarily

785
00:46:33,400 --> 00:46:36,640
Speaker 1: entire podcast episodes. Like there there's definitely more to be

786
00:46:36,800 --> 00:46:39,279
Speaker 1: said about it. So I think we can take any

787
00:46:39,280 --> 00:46:41,040
Speaker 1: single one of those chapters and turn it into a

788
00:46:41,120 --> 00:46:47,239
Speaker 1: podcast episode. So climate change, here's a startling statistics. Since

789
00:46:47,320 --> 00:46:50,520
Speaker 1: the nineteen seventies, the number of Cat five and Cat

790
00:46:50,600 --> 00:46:55,680
Speaker 1: for storms has just about doubled, and to the casual

791
00:46:55,760 --> 00:46:59,640
Speaker 1: observer a couple of things, it seems like they're getting

792
00:46:59,719 --> 00:47:03,640
Speaker 1: were and more frequent. And you don't have to be

793
00:47:03,680 --> 00:47:07,120
Speaker 1: a genius to figure out if you need warm water

794
00:47:07,400 --> 00:47:10,879
Speaker 1: to make a hurricane, and ocean waters are warming due

795
00:47:10,880 --> 00:47:14,319
Speaker 1: to climate change, then you're gonna have more frequent and

796
00:47:14,360 --> 00:47:17,520
Speaker 1: more severe storms, right or now? Yeah, I mean that's

797
00:47:17,520 --> 00:47:20,520
Speaker 1: the that's how logic goes, and they basically think that's

798
00:47:20,680 --> 00:47:23,120
Speaker 1: a given that we're going to have more frequent and

799
00:47:23,160 --> 00:47:26,440
Speaker 1: more powerful storms. But the the at least according to

800
00:47:26,480 --> 00:47:29,880
Speaker 1: Woods Whole Ocean of Graphic Institute, there are plenty of

801
00:47:30,120 --> 00:47:33,440
Speaker 1: X factors left that it's not like we just definitively

802
00:47:33,560 --> 00:47:35,960
Speaker 1: understand how bad hurricanes are gonna be or how many

803
00:47:36,000 --> 00:47:39,520
Speaker 1: more we're gonna have, because remember, the surface water has

804
00:47:39,560 --> 00:47:42,360
Speaker 1: to reach down about a hundred and fifty feet for

805
00:47:42,400 --> 00:47:44,680
Speaker 1: a hurricane to form. And one of the big questions

806
00:47:44,760 --> 00:47:48,640
Speaker 1: is if the if there is global warming going on

807
00:47:48,760 --> 00:47:51,600
Speaker 1: and it's heating the ocean. How deep is it heating

808
00:47:51,640 --> 00:47:54,959
Speaker 1: the ocean? Because if if that water, that warm water,

809
00:47:55,040 --> 00:47:59,359
Speaker 1: went beyond a hundred fifty feet, then hurricanes should ostensibly

810
00:47:59,400 --> 00:48:04,279
Speaker 1: be able to become bigger and bigger. And similarly, if

811
00:48:04,360 --> 00:48:07,799
Speaker 1: that the surface temperature of the ocean is rising, then

812
00:48:07,840 --> 00:48:10,600
Speaker 1: that just means more evaporating water, which is the key

813
00:48:10,680 --> 00:48:14,440
Speaker 1: that's the fuel to any hurricane. Is that moist evaporating

814
00:48:14,480 --> 00:48:17,359
Speaker 1: water that's rising. That the more you have of that,

815
00:48:17,760 --> 00:48:20,560
Speaker 1: the bigger amount more powerful as storm can be. The

816
00:48:20,640 --> 00:48:23,879
Speaker 1: more energy there is for the storm to use too,

817
00:48:24,000 --> 00:48:27,480
Speaker 1: to become big and huge and destructive. The question is

818
00:48:27,800 --> 00:48:29,520
Speaker 1: you know, just how bad is it going to be?

819
00:48:29,960 --> 00:48:33,120
Speaker 1: But there does seem to be just general consensus that yes,

820
00:48:33,400 --> 00:48:36,360
Speaker 1: climate change is happening and it's going to result in

821
00:48:36,360 --> 00:48:39,600
Speaker 1: in worse hurricanes. And it's I mean, already there were

822
00:48:39,640 --> 00:48:44,280
Speaker 1: two named storms this year in the Atlantic before hurricane

823
00:48:44,280 --> 00:48:47,000
Speaker 1: season even started. So they think hurricane season is gonna

824
00:48:47,080 --> 00:48:50,120
Speaker 1: last longer. Uh, it's gonna start earlier and last longer.

825
00:48:50,160 --> 00:48:51,960
Speaker 1: There's going to be more of them, They're probably going

826
00:48:52,080 --> 00:48:56,520
Speaker 1: to be more destructive. There's something else that I thought

827
00:48:56,600 --> 00:49:01,000
Speaker 1: was Really interesting though, too, is that um, the uh,

828
00:49:01,600 --> 00:49:05,200
Speaker 1: this particular year may not be as bad as it

829
00:49:05,600 --> 00:49:08,319
Speaker 1: would have been otherwise. It was supposed to be really

830
00:49:08,360 --> 00:49:11,520
Speaker 1: bad because of the warm sea levels. Um, because it

831
00:49:11,600 --> 00:49:15,839
Speaker 1: started earlier, and because it's a lat Ninja year, which

832
00:49:15,840 --> 00:49:21,080
Speaker 1: actually pushes hurricanes back out to sea eventually. Um. Because

833
00:49:21,120 --> 00:49:25,080
Speaker 1: there's a lat Ninja, those those breezes are kind of stilled,

834
00:49:25,520 --> 00:49:28,640
Speaker 1: comparatively speaking, so that her any hurricanes that do develop

835
00:49:28,800 --> 00:49:31,560
Speaker 1: are just gonna sit on land like it did, like

836
00:49:31,640 --> 00:49:34,400
Speaker 1: Dorian did the Bahamas a year or so ago. It

837
00:49:34,520 --> 00:49:37,080
Speaker 1: just sat on the Bahamas for forty eight hours. That's

838
00:49:37,120 --> 00:49:39,480
Speaker 1: not supposed to happen. And they were worried that that's

839
00:49:39,480 --> 00:49:41,680
Speaker 1: going to happen because this is a lat Ninia year.

840
00:49:41,920 --> 00:49:44,399
Speaker 1: But you know the Saharan dust storms that's going on,

841
00:49:46,320 --> 00:49:49,640
Speaker 1: they think that that's actually drying the air and preventing

842
00:49:49,719 --> 00:49:52,919
Speaker 1: hurricanes from forming. Right now, the question is how long

843
00:49:52,960 --> 00:49:55,440
Speaker 1: that will last. Well, it lasts through the whole hurricane season,

844
00:49:55,760 --> 00:49:58,640
Speaker 1: or will that eventually stall and hurricanes will come raging

845
00:49:58,680 --> 00:50:03,319
Speaker 1: through in August and September? Who knows. Wow, so there's

846
00:50:03,400 --> 00:50:07,320
Speaker 1: hurricanes everybody, that's right. I think we're going to release

847
00:50:07,360 --> 00:50:10,759
Speaker 1: a bonus add on someday into our feed where I

848
00:50:10,920 --> 00:50:14,400
Speaker 1: try again to explain hurricanes and the cone of uncertainty.

849
00:50:15,880 --> 00:50:21,719
Speaker 1: This stuff drives me nuts. Man, Yeah, you're ready, I'm ready. Well, obviously,

850
00:50:21,760 --> 00:50:23,719
Speaker 1: since we're done talking about hurricanes, that means it's time

851
00:50:23,719 --> 00:50:28,399
Speaker 1: for listener mail. I'm gonna call this the other side

852
00:50:28,400 --> 00:50:31,040
Speaker 1: of the coin. We always like to keep things fair

853
00:50:31,080 --> 00:50:34,839
Speaker 1: and balance here, right, right, Hey, guys discovered your show

854
00:50:34,840 --> 00:50:37,040
Speaker 1: about two years ago and wondered, where have you been

855
00:50:37,040 --> 00:50:39,239
Speaker 1: on my life? I love the show. Don't change a

856
00:50:39,320 --> 00:50:42,520
Speaker 1: thing and the Robber Barons episode. He said that conservatives,

857
00:50:43,080 --> 00:50:45,879
Speaker 1: Josh said, Conservatives say people aren't perfect. We can never

858
00:50:45,920 --> 00:50:48,200
Speaker 1: have a perfect society, so let people do whatever they want.

859
00:50:48,840 --> 00:50:51,359
Speaker 1: That's kind of right, but it's oper simplified in their

860
00:50:51,400 --> 00:50:54,960
Speaker 1: for misleading. Uh in our view, Uh, and I take it.

861
00:50:55,040 --> 00:50:58,640
Speaker 1: Tim is a conservative. He says, since humans are all corrupt,

862
00:50:58,719 --> 00:51:02,160
Speaker 1: obviously some more than others, no government can be uncorrupt

863
00:51:02,400 --> 00:51:05,200
Speaker 1: since it's run by people. Therefore, we should limit the

864
00:51:05,239 --> 00:51:08,920
Speaker 1: power of government and give people more freedom. Since people

865
00:51:08,920 --> 00:51:11,279
Speaker 1: will generally act in their own best interests, let them

866
00:51:11,320 --> 00:51:13,520
Speaker 1: decide how they want to spend their money. Who they

867
00:51:13,560 --> 00:51:16,279
Speaker 1: work for, and who they hire and fire. As long

868
00:51:16,320 --> 00:51:20,640
Speaker 1: as the government protects people's basic rights from others, we

869
00:51:20,719 --> 00:51:24,320
Speaker 1: will have a pretty good society. I've always been conflicted

870
00:51:24,360 --> 00:51:27,680
Speaker 1: about anti monopoly laws, but the longer I live, the

871
00:51:27,719 --> 00:51:30,120
Speaker 1: more I think they're a good thing, because we should

872
00:51:30,200 --> 00:51:33,360
Speaker 1: limit the power of large companies, just as we limit

873
00:51:33,400 --> 00:51:36,440
Speaker 1: the power of the government, since those companies are also

874
00:51:36,520 --> 00:51:40,960
Speaker 1: run by corrupt people. Capitalism says, of course you're selfish,

875
00:51:41,000 --> 00:51:42,640
Speaker 1: and so am I, So if you want my money,

876
00:51:43,080 --> 00:51:44,640
Speaker 1: you have to give me some kind of product or

877
00:51:44,680 --> 00:51:47,520
Speaker 1: service that makes my life better. Again, we can never

878
00:51:47,560 --> 00:51:50,440
Speaker 1: have a perfect society, but it would be far worse

879
00:51:50,560 --> 00:51:53,279
Speaker 1: if the government has too much power to decide how

880
00:51:53,280 --> 00:51:56,240
Speaker 1: we spend our money, because again, they are corrupt. Also,

881
00:51:57,120 --> 00:51:59,560
Speaker 1: thanks for all the great research and the super fun

882
00:51:59,600 --> 00:52:02,120
Speaker 1: way you in it. Keep it up. That is Tim

883
00:52:02,160 --> 00:52:05,200
Speaker 1: in Minnesota. That's pretty awesome. Thanks a lot, Tim, that

884
00:52:05,280 --> 00:52:08,920
Speaker 1: was a really great email. Um well, I'm a conservative

885
00:52:08,960 --> 00:52:16,840
Speaker 1: now Wow. All right, I'm pretty weak willed as it is.

886
00:52:17,800 --> 00:52:19,560
Speaker 1: Um No, but Tim, that was great. Thank you for

887
00:52:19,600 --> 00:52:22,920
Speaker 1: explaining it further because I definitely knew I was oversimplifying

888
00:52:23,000 --> 00:52:25,840
Speaker 1: things and to just kind of have the tea's crossing

889
00:52:25,840 --> 00:52:28,080
Speaker 1: the eyes dotted. That's very helpful. We're gonna have to

890
00:52:28,120 --> 00:52:31,080
Speaker 1: bring you on to explain hurricanes one day. Yeah, and

891
00:52:31,120 --> 00:52:32,560
Speaker 1: that was a better email than a lot of the

892
00:52:33,280 --> 00:52:38,600
Speaker 1: blowback we got, which wasn't so instructive and more just like, uh,

893
00:52:38,840 --> 00:52:42,520
Speaker 1: you guys just reduced that and it's not true blame.

894
00:52:42,840 --> 00:52:45,360
Speaker 1: I guess you can put in uh. Well, if you

895
00:52:45,360 --> 00:52:47,120
Speaker 1: want to get in touch with this, like Tim didn't

896
00:52:47,160 --> 00:52:50,759
Speaker 1: just be a champion hero, you can do that. You

897
00:52:50,800 --> 00:52:54,400
Speaker 1: can send us an email to Stuff podcast and i

898
00:52:54,480 --> 00:52:59,640
Speaker 1: heart radio dot com. Stuff you should know it is

899
00:52:59,640 --> 00:53:02,840
Speaker 1: a product of iHeart Radio's How Stuff Works. For more podcasts.

900
00:53:02,840 --> 00:53:05,759
Speaker 1: For my heart Radio, visit the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts,

901
00:53:05,800 --> 00:53:08,400
Speaker 1: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows. H