WEBVTT - How Blood Pattern Analysis Works 0:00:00.280 --> 0:00:02.920 Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve Camray. 0:00:03.160 --> 0:00:07.560 It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff you Should Know 0:00:08.160 --> 0:00:16.639 from House Stuff Works dot Com. Hey, and welcome to 0:00:16.680 --> 0:00:20.840 the podcast and Happy Valentine's Day. I'm Josh. That was 0:00:20.920 --> 0:00:25.000 Charles W. Chuck Bryant. I'm Josh Clark. Um, this is 0:00:25.120 --> 0:00:29.160 Stuff you should know the podcast the Love Edition. Yeah, 0:00:29.360 --> 0:00:32.800 let's talk about Valentine's Day and love. Do you want 0:00:32.840 --> 0:00:39.879 to hear a possibly um true Valentine's Day fact so 0:00:39.920 --> 0:00:42.760 you know where we get the concept of sending Valentine's 0:00:42.800 --> 0:00:46.800 Day cards Hallmark. No, it was even earlier than that. 0:00:47.640 --> 0:00:50.720 A little guy by the name of St. Valentine. Okay, 0:00:51.280 --> 0:00:54.280 again this is uncorroborated, but I'm pretty sure it's true. 0:00:55.200 --> 0:00:57.840 Back in the day, St. Valentine used to hang out 0:00:57.880 --> 0:01:02.920 with the Pagan I believe Greeks maybe uh Romans, one 0:01:02.920 --> 0:01:06.280 of the two and um who had a custom of 0:01:06.640 --> 0:01:09.840 hooking up like picking a partner and you know that 0:01:09.880 --> 0:01:11.440 was who you're gonna be with for the rest of 0:01:11.440 --> 0:01:14.200 the year. Not married, all right, but like all the benefits, 0:01:14.240 --> 0:01:17.919 you know what I mean? And um. They to consummate 0:01:17.959 --> 0:01:19.800 that choice. They would you know, go off and hook 0:01:19.880 --> 0:01:25.119 up like that day February same Valentine comes along and goes, 0:01:25.200 --> 0:01:29.000 this is an importance to my god and um, soon 0:01:29.080 --> 0:01:32.560 to be your god. So let's let's figure something else out. 0:01:32.600 --> 0:01:36.200 How about you guys, keep picking people that you want to, 0:01:36.280 --> 0:01:41.960 you know, be friendly with, stop the fornication, and instead 0:01:42.040 --> 0:01:45.560 just send notes of affection to one another. Those became 0:01:45.720 --> 0:01:49.840 as far as I know, the Valentine's Day card. I'm 0:01:49.880 --> 0:01:56.520 sure that sounds sounds good to me, does it all right? Um? 0:01:56.600 --> 0:01:59.840 One of the one of the great symbols of Valentine's Day, Chuck, 0:01:59.880 --> 0:02:04.080 is the heart, which is almost invariably colored red. It's 0:02:04.120 --> 0:02:07.640 a very cute iconography, but if you really think about it, 0:02:07.720 --> 0:02:12.800 what you're seeing is the organ colored by our life blood. 0:02:14.080 --> 0:02:18.360 What happens when something happens to that organ or that 0:02:18.480 --> 0:02:22.560 life blood and it goes from inside that cute little 0:02:22.600 --> 0:02:26.320 heart to being sprayed all over the wall at a 0:02:26.400 --> 0:02:31.000 high speed velocity, A bunch of things happen. A lot 0:02:31.040 --> 0:02:34.079 of tell tale symbols are left behind after the person 0:02:34.120 --> 0:02:37.560 falls forward, killed by the love of their life. On 0:02:37.680 --> 0:02:42.920 Valentine's Day, no less but but bud spatter, Bud spatter. Yeah, 0:02:42.919 --> 0:02:48.239 we should say probably right now, it's not splatter. Blood spatter, which, 0:02:48.560 --> 0:02:53.600 strangely enough, is is a an appropriate interchangeable term or 0:02:53.639 --> 0:02:58.880 phrase for blood pattern analysis can also be called blood 0:02:58.880 --> 0:03:02.560 spatter analysis. To you see that, Yes, it's interchangeable, or 0:03:02.600 --> 0:03:05.480 it can be called that stuffed dexter? Does it? Could 0:03:05.680 --> 0:03:08.000 you like Dexter? Don't you? Yeah? So do you? Okay? 0:03:08.080 --> 0:03:10.000 So I know that I have a lot of bad 0:03:10.080 --> 0:03:14.840 karma coming against me. Um, because let me explain why 0:03:15.520 --> 0:03:20.239 it wasn't just a blanket statement. Um, because of the 0:03:20.280 --> 0:03:23.839 three times now that I've ruined um six ft under 0:03:23.880 --> 0:03:26.080 for people who haven't seen the whole thing. But I 0:03:26.080 --> 0:03:29.280 have not seen season five. So if you're gonna talk 0:03:29.320 --> 0:03:32.840 about Dexter, don't give me any clues as to what 0:03:32.880 --> 0:03:36.760 goes on season five aside from the um off camera 0:03:36.800 --> 0:03:41.240 breakup of the marriage between Michael Hall and Jennifer Carpenter. 0:03:41.880 --> 0:03:44.120 That was very sad, but Julia Styles has nothing to 0:03:44.160 --> 0:03:46.400 do with it. She even released a statement she said, 0:03:46.560 --> 0:03:49.360 really she felt like she needed to Yeah, interesting, which 0:03:49.360 --> 0:03:53.200 is not her style usually. No, she's pretty lucky. So chuck, um, 0:03:53.240 --> 0:03:55.760 do you want to talk about dex Uh? Yeah, Well, 0:03:55.800 --> 0:03:58.680 I mean, he's a Nina. What I couldn't find out 0:03:58.760 --> 0:04:01.280 is he's on the show. He is a crime scene 0:04:01.280 --> 0:04:05.520 photographer slash spatter analyst, and I couldn't find if that's 0:04:05.560 --> 0:04:09.520 really a thing. So, Mike, Mike, I'm guessing. I'm positing 0:04:09.560 --> 0:04:12.960 that maybe in some smaller municipalities they may do double 0:04:13.040 --> 0:04:15.800 duty like that, But I bet in Miami they probably 0:04:15.800 --> 0:04:20.680 have a dedicated photographer, dedicated analysts. Uh yeah, Actually, UM, 0:04:20.720 --> 0:04:22.960 from this article, I believe it says that a lot 0:04:23.000 --> 0:04:25.520 of people, um, a lot of people who become blood 0:04:25.520 --> 0:04:31.200 pattern analysts UM, start out as cops or detectives or 0:04:31.240 --> 0:04:33.960 whatever and kind of um find that they have a 0:04:34.000 --> 0:04:37.200 pension for reading blood and they start taking courses and 0:04:37.240 --> 0:04:40.719 workshops and become certified. So I imagine, yeah, it's possible, 0:04:41.120 --> 0:04:44.840 especially in smaller areas, that people are pulling double or 0:04:44.880 --> 0:04:47.120 triple duty like that. Yeah, you're probably not gonna in 0:04:47.240 --> 0:04:49.080 some like tiny county, you're not gonna have a full 0:04:49.080 --> 0:04:51.640 time crime scene photographer, or maybe it's some local that's 0:04:51.640 --> 0:04:54.000 not on the But you know, we'll get to all 0:04:54.040 --> 0:04:56.159 that because this is a two parter. Well one reason 0:04:56.240 --> 0:05:00.919 chuck that um it's not um just an across the 0:05:00.960 --> 0:05:05.320 board filled position or even um available position at every 0:05:05.320 --> 0:05:08.919 every UM police department is because, as it's put in 0:05:08.920 --> 0:05:12.080 the article, it's as much art as science right now. 0:05:12.600 --> 0:05:15.680 It takes a lot of um interpretation and you can't 0:05:15.720 --> 0:05:18.880 just you know, hand the stuff over to the prosecutor 0:05:18.920 --> 0:05:21.480 and they're just like bam, case closed. There's a blood 0:05:21.480 --> 0:05:23.920 pattern analysis. Yeah, look all the blood on the wall. 0:05:24.000 --> 0:05:26.320 He did it. But it is used to corroborate other 0:05:26.400 --> 0:05:29.039 evidence because as we said, it does tell a story 0:05:29.120 --> 0:05:32.479 when um, the person who you love shoot you through 0:05:32.480 --> 0:05:34.719 the heart and spattered your blood all over the wall 0:05:34.760 --> 0:05:38.360 on Valentine's Day, killing you dead. Yeah. Yes, you can 0:05:38.360 --> 0:05:41.240 tell a lot of things, UM. For instance, this list 0:05:41.320 --> 0:05:45.080 that I'm about to the type and velocity of the 0:05:45.080 --> 0:05:46.760 weapon you always hear about. You know this is a 0:05:46.800 --> 0:05:51.760 blunt force thing or knife, stab, wound, gunshot. The number 0:05:51.760 --> 0:05:55.720 of blows that this person uh could withstand before dying 0:05:55.960 --> 0:05:58.760 and even after death. Yeah, I mean think about a 0:05:58.960 --> 0:06:03.640 passion killing, rage killing. Uh, the handedness of the assailant 0:06:03.920 --> 0:06:05.800 because everyone knows, you know, if I was going to 0:06:05.839 --> 0:06:07.240 punch you in the face, to do with my right 0:06:07.279 --> 0:06:12.960 hand hit you on your left cheek, that's how it works. Uh, 0:06:13.400 --> 0:06:15.640 position of the victim, and like whether or not they 0:06:15.640 --> 0:06:18.160 were moved or they flailed around on the floor for 0:06:18.160 --> 0:06:20.680 a little while trying to trying to live, pull themselves 0:06:20.680 --> 0:06:24.239 to safety. Perhaps um, the wound that was inflicted first, 0:06:24.279 --> 0:06:26.480 like this was to kill wound, and all this other 0:06:26.520 --> 0:06:30.320 stuff happened because it was just a sicko type of injury. 0:06:30.360 --> 0:06:33.039 How long ago the body has been there, and whether 0:06:33.080 --> 0:06:35.159 it was an immediate death or whether they bled out 0:06:35.200 --> 0:06:38.240 over the course of hours or whether they Yeah, if 0:06:38.279 --> 0:06:40.720 it was an immediate death in the blood just kind 0:06:40.760 --> 0:06:44.680 of pulled where they fell, or if they're smears from 0:06:44.680 --> 0:06:47.599 them crawling or something like that, which would indicate that 0:06:47.720 --> 0:06:52.200 death was delayed or being dragged. Maybe there's nobody. Yeah, 0:06:52.360 --> 0:06:55.240 I think that I took from this. It wasn't explicitly said, 0:06:55.279 --> 0:07:00.000 but there's UM. You can, especially with an old crime scene, UM, 0:07:00.440 --> 0:07:04.080 learn a lot about something where there's no other evidence 0:07:04.160 --> 0:07:08.599 just from the blood, like UM, skeletonized blood. Yeah, blood 0:07:08.640 --> 0:07:12.320 can actually where there was once a blood droplet, it 0:07:12.400 --> 0:07:15.160 can skeletonize and flick away and there will be no drop, 0:07:15.280 --> 0:07:17.800 but there will be an outline ring around where the 0:07:17.840 --> 0:07:21.520 drop was. Right. Um. You can also uh tell from 0:07:21.600 --> 0:07:25.880 the amount of clotting that's taken place. Apparently, once clotting starts, 0:07:26.280 --> 0:07:28.680 you know that, um, it's been at least fifteen minutes, 0:07:28.720 --> 0:07:31.320 which probably isn't that helpful, but it's been at least 0:07:31.320 --> 0:07:34.440 fifteen minutes since the blood exited the body. So like 0:07:34.520 --> 0:07:38.120 we didn't come up on the person died more than 0:07:38.160 --> 0:07:41.480 fifteen minutes ago, we can say that, um. And then 0:07:42.000 --> 0:07:44.960 but if some stuffs more clotted than others, you can 0:07:45.000 --> 0:07:48.480 tell that, um, the attack took place over a period 0:07:48.520 --> 0:07:51.240 of time. Sure, and we talked about in crimes can 0:07:51.240 --> 0:07:54.760 clean up obviously, how it can harden, brain can harden 0:07:54.840 --> 0:07:57.520 on walls. So it's not just blood. They're looking at 0:07:57.560 --> 0:08:01.040 all sorts of bone fragments and pieces of whatever that's 0:08:01.080 --> 0:08:02.880 in you that is no longer in you. But as 0:08:02.880 --> 0:08:05.520 we'll see, just the presence of of say brain and 0:08:05.720 --> 0:08:10.600 skull fragments UM indicates a head wound. It does you're 0:08:10.760 --> 0:08:13.240 all on your way to being certified. UM. And it 0:08:13.320 --> 0:08:16.320 also usually indicates you know, probably what type of weapons 0:08:16.360 --> 0:08:20.880 we'll see later. Right. Uh. The cool thing about blood, though, Josh, 0:08:21.000 --> 0:08:24.880 is that it's very predictable. It's very cohesive, has a 0:08:24.880 --> 0:08:28.040 lot of surface tensions, so the molecules like buying really tight, 0:08:28.120 --> 0:08:31.080 so it's always a little round sphere until it hits something. 0:08:31.640 --> 0:08:34.640 And when it hits something, it's really predictable what happens, 0:08:34.679 --> 0:08:36.880 like you can read it and pretty much be able 0:08:36.920 --> 0:08:40.080 to tell things that will get into like angle and 0:08:40.160 --> 0:08:44.000 velocity and stuff like that with some certainty, so much 0:08:44.000 --> 0:08:46.480 that they use in court. Yes, they do to put 0:08:46.520 --> 0:08:51.720 people in the pokey sometimes unfairly. We will see that too. 0:08:52.440 --> 0:08:55.680 Should we talk about the types of spatter? This is 0:08:55.720 --> 0:08:59.080 my favorite part. The three types of spatter hit it? 0:08:59.120 --> 0:09:03.960 Then okay, well there's low velocity, medium velocity, and high velocity, right, 0:09:03.960 --> 0:09:07.560 and that sounds pretty stupid, but there's um the different 0:09:07.720 --> 0:09:11.920 characteristics of each type of velocity group. Right. Um. So 0:09:12.040 --> 0:09:14.480 you know when when blood moves, like you said, it 0:09:14.520 --> 0:09:21.600 follows like predictable patterns. Um. Gravity, force, surface tension keeps 0:09:21.600 --> 0:09:26.480 it together. Um. And for example, say how high up 0:09:26.760 --> 0:09:30.920 a blood drop drips from is going to determine how 0:09:30.960 --> 0:09:33.600 spread out that drop is, sure, because it has more 0:09:33.640 --> 0:09:36.280 time to accelerate and a greater force when it hits 0:09:36.320 --> 0:09:38.280 the ground. Then if it's you know, an inch or 0:09:38.280 --> 0:09:40.800 two off of the ground. So that's a pretty good 0:09:40.800 --> 0:09:44.240 example of a low spatter velocity of blood drip, right, Yeah, 0:09:44.280 --> 0:09:47.840 Like I've been stabbed and I'm laying on my couch 0:09:48.080 --> 0:09:50.640 with my arm dangling off and it's just dripping off 0:09:50.640 --> 0:09:54.560 my fingertip twelve inches to the carpet below. That's great. 0:09:54.840 --> 0:09:58.640 The the force that's acting on this low velocity blood 0:09:58.720 --> 0:10:02.199 spatter is gravity, nothing else, right. Um. They usually come 0:10:02.240 --> 0:10:04.640 from stab wounds, like you said. Uh. And then some 0:10:04.679 --> 0:10:08.440 of the properties of a of a low velocity blood spatter, Um, 0:10:08.600 --> 0:10:12.440 the force of impact is less than five ft per second, 0:10:12.720 --> 0:10:16.480 not much. That's not much. Um, that's like a blood drop, right, Yeah, 0:10:16.520 --> 0:10:20.120 between usually between four and eight millimeters. That's about the 0:10:20.160 --> 0:10:22.120 size you're gonna get with a low veloci And like 0:10:22.160 --> 0:10:24.640 you said, um, it's it's you've been stabbed and you're 0:10:24.720 --> 0:10:28.080 laying there. So most of the low velocity blood spatters, 0:10:28.160 --> 0:10:31.360 uh come about after an attack, after the injury has 0:10:31.360 --> 0:10:34.280 been sustained. Right, It's not sprayed all over the wall. Right. 0:10:34.400 --> 0:10:38.640 So stabbing is a pretty good Usually it's stabbing is 0:10:38.679 --> 0:10:43.240 low velocity or vice versa. Um, and uh. One type 0:10:43.240 --> 0:10:46.360 of low velocity blood spatter from stabbing is called a 0:10:46.400 --> 0:10:49.760 passive spatter. That's after you've been stabbed and you're walking 0:10:49.800 --> 0:10:53.080 around and you're basically leaving a dripping blood trail. Ye, 0:10:53.200 --> 0:10:54.719 should we at this point say that this might be 0:10:54.720 --> 0:10:57.319 a little gruesome? It's too late. I think it's a 0:10:57.360 --> 0:10:59.400 little late. A right, I guess we could go to 0:10:59.440 --> 0:11:01.560 the trouble went back and inserting it. But I predict, 0:11:01.640 --> 0:11:04.000 hold on, I predict we will not. We will not. 0:11:04.040 --> 0:11:05.719 So let's just say that now you can turn it 0:11:05.760 --> 0:11:07.800 off at this point if you have already, if you're 0:11:07.800 --> 0:11:10.800 a little creeped out by blood, which I am, Are 0:11:10.840 --> 0:11:13.880 you really? Yeah? I mean not you picked these? Yeah, 0:11:14.040 --> 0:11:15.760 But I mean it doesn't mean we shouldn't cover it. 0:11:16.200 --> 0:11:18.120 I'm not like, I don't have a true phobia, but 0:11:18.200 --> 0:11:20.440 I mean, who likes seeing large amounts of blood and 0:11:20.480 --> 0:11:25.360 that bright, bright red white surfaces? It's have you ever 0:11:25.400 --> 0:11:27.280 passed out at the side of blood? No? No No, it's 0:11:27.320 --> 0:11:29.680 not that bad. I had a roommate in college named 0:11:29.760 --> 0:11:33.559 John Johnson real name, who was shucking oysters down in 0:11:33.600 --> 0:11:36.400 Florida when we were down at the beach once and uh, 0:11:36.600 --> 0:11:39.680 he shucked the meat of the palm of his hand 0:11:40.360 --> 0:11:42.640 and looked at it, and none of us knew that 0:11:42.679 --> 0:11:45.840 he was afraid of his own blood and just fell 0:11:46.000 --> 0:11:48.240 right over. And he was a big boy, so he 0:11:48.280 --> 0:11:51.840 made quite a clamor he he came to and you know, 0:11:51.880 --> 0:11:54.800 it was okay after that, but he fainted dead away 0:11:55.080 --> 0:11:56.760 at the sight of his own blood. Well, I'm I 0:11:56.760 --> 0:11:59.680 I mean, I've never seen something really, really, really gruesome. 0:12:00.920 --> 0:12:04.240 So have you never seen pictures? Yeah? I don't like 0:12:04.320 --> 0:12:08.920 that stuff. I don't either, but um, yeah, I'm not 0:12:08.960 --> 0:12:13.040 into it, but people are and we'll get to that too. 0:12:13.600 --> 0:12:16.640 Medium velocity is next, and that has a force from 0:12:17.120 --> 0:12:21.160 five to one ft per second, diameter no more than 0:12:21.160 --> 0:12:25.200 formula millimeters usually, and that can be caused by a 0:12:25.200 --> 0:12:28.160 blunt object or I love this line, like a baseball 0:12:28.200 --> 0:12:32.200 bat or an intense beating with a fist. You've gotta 0:12:32.200 --> 0:12:34.240 be a tough guy, dude. If you're If you can 0:12:34.320 --> 0:12:36.360 have the same impact as a baseball bat with your fist, 0:12:36.400 --> 0:12:39.240 then you're either doing something right or wrong, or you 0:12:39.360 --> 0:12:42.079 are you're using breath knuckles. Yeah, that's true. So that 0:12:42.160 --> 0:12:45.360 could also be from a stabbing. Actually, um, and in 0:12:45.400 --> 0:12:48.480 this case, if you damage an artery, something can happen 0:12:48.520 --> 0:12:51.800 called projected blood, and that means you're laying there and 0:12:51.840 --> 0:12:54.000 as long as your heart's beating, it's really pumping that 0:12:54.040 --> 0:12:58.640 blood out and it can project in a very distinctive pattern. Evidently. Yeah. 0:12:58.679 --> 0:13:00.800 I mean like if you if you ever see somebody 0:13:00.840 --> 0:13:04.640 who's um carotid artery has been punctured and they have 0:13:04.720 --> 0:13:08.000 their hand there, it's just like spewing from between their fingers. 0:13:08.559 --> 0:13:12.640 It's projected blood. That's medium velocity, which can be compared 0:13:12.679 --> 0:13:15.679 to a like, um, a good squirt gun. What are 0:13:15.679 --> 0:13:20.040 those ones called supersuckers, like that kind of spray, um, 0:13:20.080 --> 0:13:22.760 And it's not just the heart that's projecting it. And 0:13:22.840 --> 0:13:25.120 that's a that's a good example of media velocity, the 0:13:25.160 --> 0:13:30.360 heart pumping the blood and projecting it out of the body. Right. Um. 0:13:30.400 --> 0:13:34.680 Another medium velocity blood spatter is let's say, um, you're 0:13:34.720 --> 0:13:38.559 beating somebody with a lead pipe when you're drawing back 0:13:38.600 --> 0:13:42.040 again to exactly that's what I thought of too. I 0:13:42.080 --> 0:13:46.439 thought about that, Um, when you're drawing back for another blow, 0:13:47.400 --> 0:13:50.640 you're you're whipping the blood off of the lead pipe 0:13:50.840 --> 0:13:56.200 after that first blow. So that's medium medium velocity, which 0:13:56.240 --> 0:14:01.680 you said is about uh five percent. Yeah, okay, So 0:14:01.840 --> 0:14:04.560 then you have high velocity, which is pretty much a 0:14:04.600 --> 0:14:08.120 gunshot wound, and that's more than a hundred feet per second. 0:14:08.200 --> 0:14:11.839 That's when blood is really hauling. You've got tiny little 0:14:11.880 --> 0:14:14.959 sprays on the wall or wherever, and that's the one 0:14:15.000 --> 0:14:19.040 where you're gonna find like tissue and bone usually along 0:14:19.080 --> 0:14:22.080 with the blood. Chances are um less than one millimeter 0:14:22.320 --> 0:14:25.520 in diameter, and you can either have you can have 0:14:25.600 --> 0:14:28.960 front spatters, back spatters or both. If the bullet goes 0:14:29.000 --> 0:14:32.680 through you, you're gonna have both. Yeah, and then exit one. Yeah. 0:14:32.680 --> 0:14:34.920 I think about it like anytime you see somebody get shot, 0:14:35.120 --> 0:14:39.240 like the blood almost doesn't spatter, like you'll just start 0:14:39.240 --> 0:14:42.280 soaking the shirt or something like that and don't look behind. Yeah, 0:14:42.360 --> 0:14:44.040 you look behind and all of a sudden, there's a 0:14:44.120 --> 0:14:47.840 huge hole because of cavitatione full metal jacket comes to mind. 0:14:48.360 --> 0:14:53.320 Mm hmm. So you have seen grewsome things in the movie. 0:14:55.600 --> 0:14:59.840 What is your major mouth function? Uh? And my favorite 0:14:59.840 --> 0:15:03.480 thing in this on this page was the bit about 0:15:04.120 --> 0:15:08.360 internal muzzle staining and stippling. Sick stuff, but pretty awesome too. 0:15:08.480 --> 0:15:11.120 Yeah if basically and well, I guess it could happen 0:15:11.120 --> 0:15:14.520 in any kind of gunshot that's close. But I think 0:15:14.520 --> 0:15:17.920 of an execution style murder, like when the mobster says, 0:15:18.040 --> 0:15:21.800 we need to whack Jimmy two ft. I guess two 0:15:21.840 --> 0:15:25.760 ft would be normal. But yeah, he's got he's the 0:15:25.800 --> 0:15:29.600 most nondescript gangster of all time exactly which one again? Um, 0:15:29.680 --> 0:15:31.560 So they would put the gun like up to his head, 0:15:31.600 --> 0:15:34.120 and in that case, the skin, if there's still a body, 0:15:34.160 --> 0:15:37.760 can have burns from the gunpowder, and the inside of 0:15:37.760 --> 0:15:41.640 the muzzle, because of the cooling of the explosive gas used, 0:15:41.800 --> 0:15:44.880 can actually suck blood back inside of the gun. Yeah, 0:15:44.920 --> 0:15:47.120 the spray that fine myth. So if you're lucky enough 0:15:47.160 --> 0:15:48.880 to get ahold of that gun, they can swab the 0:15:48.880 --> 0:15:51.120 inside and like this is Jimmy two feets blood on 0:15:51.120 --> 0:15:52.960 the inside of your muzzle here, buddy, that's how you 0:15:53.040 --> 0:15:55.400 just throw it in the East river. Yeah, or use 0:15:55.440 --> 0:15:59.600 the old pillow method. Don't don't be cheap, right, Wow, 0:15:59.800 --> 0:16:03.360 I just gave advice to murderers. Yeah, that's weird. I 0:16:03.360 --> 0:16:05.960 guess we did. I've never done that before. Uh. The 0:16:06.000 --> 0:16:08.760 other thing, I'm sure you have it. The other thing 0:16:08.800 --> 0:16:10.760 that they can look for is, uh, you got to 0:16:10.840 --> 0:16:14.360 use brass knuckles is a void and avoid is where 0:16:15.360 --> 0:16:19.760 let's say I were to kill somebody and the blood 0:16:19.760 --> 0:16:23.160 is spraying on me and the wall behind me. That 0:16:23.240 --> 0:16:25.600 will be uh, you're gonna leave a handsome silhouette. Yeah, 0:16:25.640 --> 0:16:27.280 not an outline of a body like a cartoon. But 0:16:27.320 --> 0:16:29.600 there will be avoid there where they said, you know, 0:16:29.720 --> 0:16:32.440 something or somebody got in the way of the blood spatter. 0:16:32.520 --> 0:16:36.160 Don't find me that shirt, which is now in a trash. 0:16:36.200 --> 0:16:39.680 Can find me that last chance garage hat covered in blood, 0:16:40.520 --> 0:16:42.840 that'd be bad news. I love that hat, So Chuck, 0:16:43.560 --> 0:16:47.600 you've seen Dexter. We talked about this, right, see them all? Yeah, 0:16:47.760 --> 0:16:51.840 I have to except for season five, right, oh Dexter. 0:16:52.000 --> 0:16:53.880 I thought you meant like all crime. Oh no, no, 0:16:54.160 --> 0:16:58.560 I've seen each episode. Sorry, Um, well, surely you've seen 0:16:58.560 --> 0:17:00.440 then at least I know for a fact. And at 0:17:00.480 --> 0:17:03.800 least one episode he's messing with like these red strings 0:17:04.600 --> 0:17:07.840 in the room. That's when the art department really gets involved. Yeah, 0:17:08.200 --> 0:17:10.720 so this you can you can imagine. Check this is 0:17:10.760 --> 0:17:15.320 a very painstaking process, each each of these lines, not 0:17:15.400 --> 0:17:17.840 just for the art department, but this happens in real life. 0:17:17.880 --> 0:17:22.160 It's it's a method of figuring out the angle of um, 0:17:22.280 --> 0:17:25.160 the path of blood. Yeah, I thought this might be outdated, 0:17:25.200 --> 0:17:28.000 but they still use it sometimes they do. Um. Well, 0:17:28.040 --> 0:17:31.440 let's there was something that the article I thought left out, 0:17:31.520 --> 0:17:35.080 and it was the importance of determining the angle. It 0:17:35.200 --> 0:17:39.239 just went into how we figure out angles. Um. But 0:17:39.280 --> 0:17:43.440 there's a lot of import in figuring out what angle 0:17:43.640 --> 0:17:48.040 these this blood spray travel traveled, right, Yeah, because it 0:17:48.080 --> 0:17:50.159 will tell you a lot of times. You know that 0:17:50.280 --> 0:17:53.360 the person who fired the weapon was probably taller than 0:17:53.400 --> 0:17:55.640 six ft because the gun was at a certain level, 0:17:55.680 --> 0:17:58.240 and so was it a man? Was it likely a man? 0:17:58.320 --> 0:18:01.320 Was it likely a woman based on the height? Right? Um, 0:18:01.600 --> 0:18:04.800 the if if it's a downward angle, then that might 0:18:04.840 --> 0:18:08.080 corroborate the idea that this person was killed execution style, 0:18:08.280 --> 0:18:10.600 which juries like to hear about if that's going on, 0:18:10.680 --> 0:18:12.840 because that's like get on your knees type of thing. Usually, Yeah, 0:18:12.840 --> 0:18:16.520 that's pretty cold blooded. Um. If somebody's pleading self defense 0:18:16.520 --> 0:18:18.800 and said they were on the floor, an upward angle 0:18:19.280 --> 0:18:22.400 would would corroborate that and might you know, get them 0:18:22.440 --> 0:18:25.560 off in their self defense plea. Um. There's a lot 0:18:25.600 --> 0:18:30.200 of reasons why figuring out the angle is very important, right, agreed, 0:18:30.520 --> 0:18:34.879 And it's also probably the most scientific of um. Blood 0:18:34.920 --> 0:18:39.200 pattern analysis math heavy, triggeronometry heavy. Yeah, we tried, we 0:18:39.200 --> 0:18:41.439 should say, we tried to find a math heavy and 0:18:41.480 --> 0:18:44.679 I made the mistake of emailing our editorial department to 0:18:44.720 --> 0:18:47.200 get someone to describe it. And I thought, we're all 0:18:48.160 --> 0:18:52.040 half hearted attempt That's why we're writers. So we don't 0:18:52.040 --> 0:18:54.520 have to do math, especially not triggering out we do 0:18:54.560 --> 0:18:56.680 now though I think I have this lift, but it's 0:18:56.720 --> 0:18:58.960 really not that hard. Actually, once I reread anytime. Let's 0:18:59.000 --> 0:19:02.680 talk about the strings for first, So it is you do? Uh? 0:19:02.720 --> 0:19:06.440 You do? They do use these strings, elastic strings. Each 0:19:06.480 --> 0:19:09.159 one represents a drop of blood. So if you have 0:19:09.200 --> 0:19:10.879 a lot of drops of blood, you're gonna have a 0:19:10.920 --> 0:19:14.160 lot of strings. It's gonna take a while, right, um. 0:19:14.200 --> 0:19:17.800 But you you create a you you find a level, 0:19:18.080 --> 0:19:23.399 right like you create a level point. You start running 0:19:23.440 --> 0:19:26.879 strings through the level point from the blood to you know, 0:19:26.920 --> 0:19:29.600 somewhere else in space, the wall or ceiling, and then 0:19:29.600 --> 0:19:31.600 all of a sudden, after you start doing a few 0:19:31.600 --> 0:19:33.480 of these strings, you're gonna find that they all come 0:19:33.520 --> 0:19:36.199 together at a certain point. And that point is the 0:19:36.280 --> 0:19:40.359 area of convergence a k a. What was originally a 0:19:40.359 --> 0:19:44.880 person's head, right, and that's where all the blood came from. 0:19:44.920 --> 0:19:47.399 So you're gonna find where where, where they on the ground, 0:19:47.400 --> 0:19:51.000 where they up high. Um, basically you're creating in real 0:19:51.080 --> 0:19:55.320 life a three dimensional model of the path this blood 0:19:55.320 --> 0:19:59.359 took right and where the person was standing, where they 0:19:59.359 --> 0:20:01.320 were in relationship to the wall, all that stuff. You're 0:20:01.320 --> 0:20:04.240 probably going to figure out, um, how the person was 0:20:04.280 --> 0:20:06.960 attacked from what side, that kind of thing. So that's 0:20:06.960 --> 0:20:10.040 it's it's very important and that's the old school, really 0:20:10.080 --> 0:20:12.560 methodical way to do it, right. Yeah, you're gonna explain 0:20:12.600 --> 0:20:17.040 the trigonomic This is for college boy blood pattern analysts. 0:20:17.440 --> 0:20:21.760 Yeah yeah, yeah, yeah, because I'll explain the way I 0:20:21.760 --> 0:20:25.240 would do it short, okay, which I think is actually 0:20:25.240 --> 0:20:28.960 how the um how this this article describes it. Well, 0:20:29.000 --> 0:20:32.560 we'll see how Chuck would do it. Okay. So, um, 0:20:32.800 --> 0:20:37.879 when blood hits when when blood hits a surface, whether 0:20:37.920 --> 0:20:40.480 it's drywall or the floor or the ceiling or something 0:20:40.560 --> 0:20:44.680 like that, if it if it falls or travels uh 0:20:44.760 --> 0:20:49.040 straight up and down, it's it's that's a ninety degree angle. Yeah, 0:20:49.040 --> 0:20:51.000 you're gonna get a little roundrop you get a round drop. 0:20:51.359 --> 0:20:56.240 But the the stronger the angle right, the more severe 0:20:56.280 --> 0:21:00.480 the angle, the drop starts to elongate. It's like you 0:21:00.480 --> 0:21:03.240 know when you skip a stone. It's kind of like that, 0:21:03.520 --> 0:21:06.160 or when you spill any liquid, And that's another way 0:21:06.200 --> 0:21:09.480 to put it. So as it um, as it elongates, 0:21:09.520 --> 0:21:13.159 it gets longer and thinner. And what you can actually 0:21:13.200 --> 0:21:17.520 do is take the measurements of each one of these drops, right, 0:21:18.200 --> 0:21:22.960 and you take let me see if I got this chuck, 0:21:23.359 --> 0:21:27.440 you take the width right, so obviously we were writers. 0:21:28.320 --> 0:21:31.320 Anytime this comes up, you take the width and you 0:21:31.440 --> 0:21:35.280 divide it by the length, and that gives you a number. Yes, 0:21:35.840 --> 0:21:39.120 this is trigonometry by the way um and you deter 0:21:39.320 --> 0:21:43.199 you take that number and you use a calculator and 0:21:43.280 --> 0:21:45.720 you use the arc sign function. Don't ask us to 0:21:45.760 --> 0:21:48.159 really explain how to come even in the even in 0:21:48.200 --> 0:21:51.960 the article like I couldn't find it. And arc sign 0:21:52.200 --> 0:21:56.280 is the converse of sign or co sign one of 0:21:56.280 --> 0:21:59.760 those um And basically what you're finding is the angle 0:21:59.840 --> 0:22:04.240 of a right triangle by taking the opposite side and 0:22:04.320 --> 0:22:08.400 dividing it by the hypothenuse, and that will give you 0:22:08.520 --> 0:22:10.639 once you figure out the arc sign of that number 0:22:11.000 --> 0:22:15.880 the angle. And that's the college boy way of figuring 0:22:15.920 --> 0:22:19.600 out the angle that blood traveled from the area of 0:22:19.640 --> 0:22:22.760 convergence exactly. So a quick example, if you have a 0:22:22.760 --> 0:22:26.119 two millimeter wide blood stain that's four millimeters long, you 0:22:26.240 --> 0:22:28.800 divide that and you get point five, and the arc 0:22:28.880 --> 0:22:30.920 sign of that is thirty. And we figured out the 0:22:31.000 --> 0:22:33.639 arc sign of five is thirty. Point five is thirty 0:22:33.640 --> 0:22:36.160 by using that calculator, and thirty would be your angle. 0:22:36.240 --> 0:22:39.120 That means a thirty degree angle is is what you're 0:22:39.119 --> 0:22:42.159 looking at, right, So this is how Chuck would do it. 0:22:42.680 --> 0:22:46.800 Chuck would get a computer program called No More Strings. 0:22:47.640 --> 0:22:49.639 I guess they couldn't use no strings attached. That's what 0:22:49.680 --> 0:22:51.919 I would have called it. Maybe you can make a 0:22:51.960 --> 0:22:55.159 competing program maybe so, uh, no More Strings is a 0:22:55.200 --> 0:22:57.800 program that actually creates a three dimensional model and you 0:22:57.840 --> 0:22:59.399