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Speaker 1: There's nothing better than feeling comfortable in your own shoes,

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Speaker 1: and that doesn't mean flopping down on the couch with

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Speaker 1: bunny slippers. Maybe you're a parent raising a little rock star,

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Speaker 1: level of coziness that makes you feel like you can

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Speaker 1: their shoes are so stylish they go perfectly without wear

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Speaker 1: whatever I want attitude Alberts is all about loving mother

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Speaker 1: nature too, because no one wants to leave a bad footprint.

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Speaker 1: Each shoe is carefully crafted from natural materials that tread

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Speaker 1: lightly on our planet, from ZQ certified Marino wool to

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Speaker 1: a bouncy midsole made from sweet Foam, the world's first

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Speaker 1: carbon negative EVA material made from sugarcane. So get comfortable

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Speaker 1: in your shoes. Get to know the wool runners, pipers

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Speaker 1: and loungers at Alberts dot com. That's alll bi rds

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Speaker 1: dot com. It has long been accepted that time as

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Speaker 1: we know it, or at the very least in the

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Speaker 1: sense that we experience it, is not what it seems, or,

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Speaker 1: as Albert Einstein put it, the past, the present, and

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Speaker 1: the future is but a stubborn, persistent illusion. It would

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Speaker 1: seem that we have long been mesmerized by the notion

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Speaker 1: of traveling through time, whether it be to write a

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Speaker 1: past wrong or merely to escape our present reality. But

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Speaker 1: it wasn't until Einstein's special relativity introduced us to the

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Speaker 1: tantalizing concept of space, time, and the fourth dimension that

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Speaker 1: such notions were given mathematical credibility. No longer was time

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Speaker 1: a mere subjective unit of measurement, but suddenly we were

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Speaker 1: invited to imagine it as a space within which we

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Speaker 1: might move, a theory that, as the earlier quote suggests,

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Speaker 1: did away entirely with any notion of past, present, and future. Or,

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Speaker 1: to be clearer, as physicist Max Tegmark notes, time is

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Speaker 1: not an illusion, but the flow of time is for

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Speaker 1: much in the way that matter may appear differently from

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Speaker 1: one observer to the next, So two, according to Einstein,

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Speaker 1: does time. Incidentally, although the concept of space time is

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Speaker 1: often linked with Einstein, it was actually his teacher Hermann Minkowski,

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Speaker 1: who first proposed the idea back in nineteen oh eight

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Speaker 1: in a paper titled Space and Time. Remarkably, author Edgar

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Speaker 1: Allan Poe is believed to have come to the same

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Speaker 1: realization himself as far back as eighteen forty eight, writing

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Speaker 1: in an essay titled Eureka, that space and duration are one. Certainly,

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Speaker 1: it is an area that has been well explored in fiction.

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Speaker 1: The oddly Unsettling nineteen seventies television show Sapphire and Steele

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Speaker 1: and Joan Lindsay's Haunting and Mesmeric Picnic at Hanging Rock

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Speaker 1: are two of my favorite accounts of one such temporal

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Speaker 1: corruption that is equal parts fascinating and terrifying. The notion

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Speaker 1: of the time slip you're listening to unexplained and I'm

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Speaker 1: Richard McClean smith. To paranormal researchers, the fabled time slip

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Speaker 1: is considered to be the rarest of all documented paranormal experience,

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Speaker 1: the most well known account of such an event being

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Speaker 1: the Mobile jur Dan incident. The event is alleged to

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Speaker 1: have occurred on Saturday August tenth, nineteen o one, at

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Speaker 1: the Palace of Versailles. In France, when two British women

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Speaker 1: visiting the palace on a day trip claimed to have

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Speaker 1: found themselves inexplicably transported back to the late eighteenth century,

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Speaker 1: to be surrounded by Pallace courtiers and even at one

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Speaker 1: point crossing paths with Mary Antoinette. The women, Charlotte Mobiley

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Speaker 1: and Eleanor Jourdan, were both well educated and had no

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Speaker 1: obvious reason to fabricate the events, and published a book

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Speaker 1: of their account in nineteen eleven, which was predictably met

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Speaker 1: with much ridicule. There are two accounts of alleged time

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Speaker 1: slips that took place in Britain in the nineteen fifties.

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Speaker 1: The writer and longtime member of the Society of Psychical

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Speaker 1: Research Andrew McKenzie documented both the events in his nineteen

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Speaker 1: ninety seven book Adventures in Time. For McKenzie, the accounts

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Speaker 1: were nothing less than two of the most convincing that

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Speaker 1: he had ever come across, mysteries that remained to this

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Speaker 1: day unexplained. On Monday, January the second, nineteen fifty as

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Speaker 1: the new decade entered its third day, so too did

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Speaker 1: the New Year's celebrations, as is customary in Scotland. In

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Speaker 1: a small house in the town of Brecon in the

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Speaker 1: eastern County of Angus. A cocktail party is coming to

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Speaker 1: an end. Sensing that the party was beginning to wind down,

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Speaker 1: one of the guests, fifty five year old Miss Elizabeth Smith,

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Speaker 1: decided to call it a night. It was, after all,

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Speaker 1: getting late, and Elizabeth wasn't much relishing the ten mile

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Speaker 1: drive back to her house in Leatham. After saying good

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Speaker 1: bye to her friends, she collected her small terrier dog

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Speaker 1: that she had brought with her, and together they climbed

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Speaker 1: into her car in preparation for the journey home. It

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Speaker 1: had been a relatively mild winter, but the last few

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Speaker 1: days had seen a light dusting of snow along much

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Speaker 1: of the East Coast, snow that by nightfall on the

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Speaker 1: second had turned steadily to ice. Undeterred, Elizabeth switched on

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Speaker 1: the engine and pulled off into the night. A short

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Speaker 1: time later, not more than two miles outside of Brecon,

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Speaker 1: Elizabeth lost control of the car, spun off the road

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Speaker 1: and plummeted straight into a ditch. Miraculously, neither Elizabeth nor

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Speaker 1: her small canine companion were harmed, but the car was

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Speaker 1: completely written off. Relieved and more than a little dazed,

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Speaker 1: but the temperature outside steadily dropping, Elizabeth knew she had

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Speaker 1: only two options, returned to her friend's home or strike

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Speaker 1: out on the eight mile journey back to leathm Deciding

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Speaker 1: on the latter, Elizabeth gathered her things and, together with

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Speaker 1: her dog, she set out on the long walk home.

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Speaker 1: At first, Elizabeth was at ease taking the deserted country

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Speaker 1: lane back towards her village. She felt safe with her

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Speaker 1: dog by her side, cheerily keeping her company. But it

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Speaker 1: was hard to ignore the strange sense of foreboding that

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Speaker 1: is wont to arise when you are out in the wilderness,

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Speaker 1: with no light to be seen, and even the moon

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Speaker 1: declines to reveal itself. Such was the thickness of cloud

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Speaker 1: it was difficult even to make out the contours of

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Speaker 1: the surrounding fields save for the dark silhouettes of hedgerows

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Speaker 1: and trees dotted about like thick, formless shadows. It wasn't

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Speaker 1: long before the eerie quietude of the night started to

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Speaker 1: gnaw away at her nerves, so much so that Elizabeth

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Speaker 1: neglected to take the well trodden shortcut through the field.

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Speaker 1: Better to stick to the open country, she thought, than

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Speaker 1: venture nearer to the ominous looking woodlands to her left.

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Speaker 1: With the temperature dropping even further, Elizabeth and her little

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Speaker 1: dog plowed on gallantly towards their destination. Roughly too miles

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Speaker 1: from leatherm Elizabeth's dog began to tire, leaving Smith with

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Speaker 1: little choice but to pick him up and carry him

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Speaker 1: on her shoulders. Less than half a mile later, Smith

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Speaker 1: was hugely relieved when she was able to make out

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Speaker 1: the distant rise of Dunichen Hill, a clear sign that

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Speaker 1: she was almost home. And so it was with little

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Speaker 1: surprise when she saw a few small lights in the distance.

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Speaker 1: Only there was something odd about them. Firstly, it was strange,

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Speaker 1: she thought, why so many lights would be on when

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Speaker 1: it was almost two o'clock in the morning. But what

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Speaker 1: was perhaps even more unusual was that the lights, unless

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Speaker 1: she was mistaken, appeared to be moving. A short time later,

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Speaker 1: not only had the number of lights increased dramatically, but

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Speaker 1: she soon realized with some surprise that each of the

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Speaker 1: lights were being held aloft in the air by strange,

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Speaker 1: shadowy figures. The lights were in fact flaming torches being

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Speaker 1: held aloft by men wearing dark tunics with roll collars

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Speaker 1: and tights. What was also odd was the manner in

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Speaker 1: which they were moving. Rather than walking straight across the field,

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Speaker 1: they seemed to be skirting in a semicircle around the

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Speaker 1: bottom of it. But then the figures disappeared, only to

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Speaker 1: be replaced by another set of men in the field

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Speaker 1: to her left, who were this time close enough for

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Speaker 1: her to notice that the torches seemed to be strangely

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Speaker 1: red in color. At this point, Elizabeth's dog, sensing the

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Speaker 1: peculiarity of the occasion, began to bark, much to Elizabeth's alarm.

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Speaker 1: Trying to ignore the strange men, she hurried on towards home.

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Speaker 1: But the most extraordinary vision was yet to come. Not

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Speaker 1: long after, a third set of men appeared, even closer

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Speaker 1: than the previous groups. She could see them clearly now

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Speaker 1: as they made their way through the field, just like before,

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Speaker 1: with their burning torches held aloft. But they weren't merely

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Speaker 1: marching as she had first thought. This group seemed to

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Speaker 1: be moving much more diligently and with purpose throughout the field.

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Speaker 1: Elizabeth wondered why it was that they would stop from

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Speaker 1: time to time, bringing the torches close to the ground,

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Speaker 1: and that was when she saw them. The bloodied corpses

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Speaker 1: of the dead. It was as if she had wandered

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Speaker 1: into the aftermath of some great and ancient battle. The

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Speaker 1: field was littered with them. The men with torches were

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Speaker 1: clearly scouring the ground to see if anyone was left alive,

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Speaker 1: turning the bodies over in the darkness to check for

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Speaker 1: signs of life. Smith and her dog eventually made it

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Speaker 1: home safe and sound, but unsurprisingly, the ghosts of those

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Speaker 1: dead never truly left her. However, it wasn't until a

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Speaker 1: further twenty years later that Smith's account of the extraordinary

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Speaker 1: event was formerly recorded. The task was taken up by

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Speaker 1: fifty four year old doctor James mc carg, a much

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Speaker 1: respected and well loved psychologist and contemporary of Andrew McKenzie

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Speaker 1: at the Society for Psychical Research. In the intervening years,

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Speaker 1: Smith had come to the realization that what she had

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Speaker 1: seen had indeed something to do with an ancient battle

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Speaker 1: once fought on the very land she had walked across.

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Speaker 1: After spending some considerable time interviewing Smith, mac carg was

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Speaker 1: left with little doubt that she had somehow slipped back

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Speaker 1: in time and witnessed the aftermath of a brutal and

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Speaker 1: bloody battle known as the Battle of Necton's Mere. The

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Speaker 1: battle occurred in six hundred and eighty five, a d

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Speaker 1: between the Picks, an enigmatic tribal people from what is

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Speaker 1: now the north and east of Scotland, and the Northumbrians.

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Speaker 1: Fifty years previously, the Kingdom of Northumbria, led by King Edwin,

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Speaker 1: had risen to become the most powerful in all of

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Speaker 1: the British isles, but by the end of the seventh

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Speaker 1: century the kingdom had diminished considerably, thanks largely to the

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Speaker 1: disastrous defeat they suffered at the hands of the Picks

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Speaker 1: at the Battle of Necton's Mere. McCarg found Smith, who

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Speaker 1: at one time had been the president of her local

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Speaker 1: women's rural Institute, to be an extremely credible witness, concluding

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Speaker 1: that her recollections of the Knight's events were at the

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Speaker 1: very least genuine to her, and a few elements of

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Speaker 1: the story stood out. In particular, Smith's insistence that the

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Speaker 1: torches had been read was puzzling at first, until Andrew

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Speaker 1: McKenzie later made a discovery that was believed to have

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Speaker 1: not been known by Smith at the time. He discovered

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Speaker 1: that torches of that era were often made from the

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Speaker 1: resinous roots of Scott's fir, which in their natural state

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Speaker 1: do indeed have a distinctive red color. Macag was especially

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Speaker 1: intrigued by Smith's description of the movement of the men

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Speaker 1: who seemed to be walking in a curve around the field,

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Speaker 1: and so it was with some surprise when he discovered

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Speaker 1: that back in the seventh century, the field had in

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Speaker 1: fact been a small lock that had later been drained

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Speaker 1: and turned into farmland. His startling conclusion was that perhaps

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Speaker 1: the apparitions had merely been walking around the lock to

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Speaker 1: get to their fallen comrades. This revelation, he believed, was

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Speaker 1: ultimate proof of Smith's story, since it demonstrated that the

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Speaker 1: apparitions must have come from a time before the lock

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Speaker 1: had been drained. Are you always taking care of your family?

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Speaker 1: Do you often take care of others and not yourself?

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Speaker 1: Now it's time to take care of yourself. To make

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Speaker 1: time for you, serve it. Teledoc gives you access to

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Speaker 1: a licensed therapist to help you get back to feeling

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Speaker 1: your best to feeling like yourself again. With teledoc, you

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Speaker 1: can speak to a licensed therapist by phone or video.

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Speaker 1: Therapy appointments are available seven days a week. From seven

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Speaker 1: am to nine pm local time. If you feel overwhelmed

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Speaker 1: sometimes maybe you feel stressed or anxious, depressed or lonely,

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Speaker 1: or you might be struggling with a personal or family issue,

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Speaker 1: teledoc can help. Teledoc is committed to facilitating great therapeutic matches,

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Speaker 1: so they make it easy to change counselors if needed.

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Speaker 1: For free teledoc therapy is available through most insurance or employers.

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Speaker 1: Download the app or visit teledoc dot com forward slash

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Speaker 1: Unexplained podcast today to get started. That's teladoc dot com

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Speaker 1: slash Unexplained podcast. Our Second Tale take place only seven

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Speaker 1: years later in the County of Suffolk, in the southeast

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Speaker 1: of England. It is the birthplace of the Infamous, which

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Speaker 1: find a General Matthew Hopkins, whose reign of terror in

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Speaker 1: the sixteen forties resulted in many local women being murdered

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Speaker 1: due to egregious accusations of witchcraft. Nowadays, however, it is

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Speaker 1: perhaps better known for its tranquil wetlands and rich arable soil.

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Speaker 1: It is a county that echoes with bird song and

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Speaker 1: the music of Raye Fawn Williams, a place where the

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Speaker 1: earth is as dark and rich as the sky is wide,

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Speaker 1: a place perhaps best summed up by W. G. Seaboard's

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Speaker 1: exquisite travelog The Rings of Saturn. And so it is

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Speaker 1: to that place that we now travel. It is Sunday

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Speaker 1: morning in October nineteen fifty seven. Up above the skylarks ascend, chirrup, whistle,

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Speaker 1: and shake as below them, three young boys, uipped with

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Speaker 1: a map and a compass are steadily making their way

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Speaker 1: across the countryside. They are taking part in an orienteering

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Speaker 1: exercise organized by the Royal Navy Cadets. The boys, who

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Speaker 1: are all fifteen and brand new recruits, are William Lange

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Speaker 1: from Perthshire in Scotland, Bray Baker from London, and Michael

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Speaker 1: Crowley from the County of Worcestershire. Today their task is

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Speaker 1: to locate a specific waypoint, record their findings and then

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Speaker 1: returned to base camp to report back to their superiors. Finally,

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Speaker 1: after a few miles of trekking, the boys were excitedly

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Speaker 1: homing in on their mysterious destination. They had been coming

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Speaker 1: up a slight rise when they first heard the sound

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Speaker 1: of church bells. As they approached the top of the hill,

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Speaker 1: they noticed smoke rising from chimneys and the spire of

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Speaker 1: a church towering prominently above a small village. As they

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Speaker 1: finally made it over the hill, the rest of the

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Speaker 1: small community was revealed to them below, and with the

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Speaker 1: boys in agreement that this was indeed where they were

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Speaker 1: supposed to be, they continued their journey down into the village.

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Speaker 1: But as they got nearer, something very peculiar happened. Part

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Speaker 1: Way into the village was a small stream that flowed

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Speaker 1: over the road. As they approached it, they became aware

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Speaker 1: that something wasn't quite right. It was Michael who noticed

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Speaker 1: it first, the silence. Only moments ago, the church bells

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Speaker 1: had been ringing and the sound of bird's song had

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Speaker 1: filled the air, But now, as they entered the village,

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Speaker 1: the place was eerily silent, save for the gentle trickling

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Speaker 1: of the stream. As they carried on over the ford,

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Speaker 1: William noted that even the ducks seemed unmoved by their arrival,

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Speaker 1: and as for any sign of people, the place was

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Speaker 1: completely deserted. It was then that they noticed the trees.

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Speaker 1: Only a few minutes earlier, they were surrounded by a

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Speaker 1: countryside decorated with the reddish golden browns of autumnal leaves,

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Speaker 1: but the leaves on the trees in the village were

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Speaker 1: anything but. Here, the leaves appeared to be vibrantly green,

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Speaker 1: almost as if it were springtime. As the boys walked on,

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Speaker 1: a strange picture was beginning to emerge. All of the

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Speaker 1: houses looked as if they were from another age, hand

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Speaker 1: built and slightly crooked in design. Some were timber framed,

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Speaker 1: and others looked positively medieval. Looking around, they saw no

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Speaker 1: sign of street lights or even aerials on the houses.

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Speaker 1: There was also no smoke coming from the chimneys as

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Speaker 1: they had seen before entering the village, and absolutely no

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Speaker 1: sign of the church that had been so visible from

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Speaker 1: the hill. What's more, the wind had completely dropped, with

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Speaker 1: not even the leaves rustling in the trees, and there

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Speaker 1: was no sign of anybody anywhere. The boys made their

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Speaker 1: way over to a building with a green door and

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Speaker 1: a large front window split into smaller panes that had

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Speaker 1: not been washed in some time. They pressed their noses

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Speaker 1: to the glass. Just like the rest of the village,

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Speaker 1: the shop was deserted, but at the back of the room,

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Speaker 1: hanging on meat hooks were the skinned carcasses of three

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Speaker 1: large cows. The meat green and moldy, having long ago

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Speaker 1: turned putrid. Unnerved by what they had seen, and somewhat

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Speaker 1: in a daze, the boys soon found themselves staring through

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Speaker 1: the window of another building, but again found no sign

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Speaker 1: of life inside, the rooms completely emptied of all furniture.

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Speaker 1: Ray and Michael suggested did knocking on some of the doors,

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Speaker 1: but William refused to move. Ever since entering the village,

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Speaker 1: a strange feeling had fallen over him. It was an

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Speaker 1: overwhelming sense of sadness and the unmistakable sensation that they

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Speaker 1: were being watched by unseen and unfriendly eyes. The three

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Speaker 1: boys hurriedly made their way back up the track to

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Speaker 1: the top of the hill. Finally satisfied that they had

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Speaker 1: reached a safe distance, the boys turned back and were

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Speaker 1: amazed to find the village just as they had seen

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Speaker 1: it before. The smoke was again rising from the chimneys,

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Speaker 1: and the church spire stood tall and proud. The autumnal

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Speaker 1: colors had returned to the trees, and once more the

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Speaker 1: sound of the bells and bird song could be heard

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Speaker 1: all around a short time later, the boys returned to

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Speaker 1: base camp and relayed their experiences to their skeptical superiors.

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Speaker 1: Despite their baffling description, the petty officers confirmed the boys

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Speaker 1: had indeed reached their designated waypoint. What they had supposedly

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Speaker 1: seen was the picturesque village of Cursey. It wasn't until

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Speaker 1: thirty years later that Michael Crowley and William Lange, who

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Speaker 1: by then were both living in Australia, contacted McKenzie and

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Speaker 1: relayed their extraordinary story. A few years later, McKenzie revisited

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Speaker 1: the village with Lange, and together they retraced just what

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Speaker 1: exactly had occurred that day, Much like doctor mc hark

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Speaker 1: had been with Miss Smith in Scotland. McKenzie was impressed

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Speaker 1: by Lange's sincerity and the detail of his description of

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Speaker 1: the events. McKenzie ultimately came to the conclusion that what

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Speaker 1: the boys had experienced was not the Cursey of nineteen

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Speaker 1: fifty seven, but rather the village as it had been

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Speaker 1: in the fourteen twenties in the aftermath of the Great Plague.

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Speaker 1: Is it really possible that both the young Cadets and

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Speaker 1: Elizabeth Smith, and anyone else for that matter, could slip

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Speaker 1: unwittingly into another time? Perhaps not in the manner suggested

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Speaker 1: by McKenzie, but in two thousand and eleven, one man

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Speaker 1: was to make a remarkable claim that we might all,

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Speaker 1: in a sense be slipping in and out of time constantly.

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Speaker 1: In March of that year, a paper was published in

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Speaker 1: the Journal of Personality and Psychology titled Feeling the Future

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Speaker 1: Experimental Evidence for Anomalous Retroactive Influences on Cognition and Effect.

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Speaker 1: It had been written by a brilliant but controversial social

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Speaker 1: psychologist of Cornell University in the States called Professor Daryl Bemm.

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Speaker 1: The paper was extraordinary from its opening line to its

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Speaker 1: mind boggling conclusion. After all, it isn't often that a

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Speaker 1: paper published in an elite journal begins with a definition

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Speaker 1: of PSI, which he described as the anomalous processes of

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Speaker 1: information or energy transfer that are currently unexplained in terms

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Speaker 1: of known physical or biological mechanisms. It is even more

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Speaker 1: of a rarity that a paper would then go on

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Speaker 1: to prove that such phenomena, an area most associated with telepathy, clairvoyance,

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Speaker 1: and psychokinesis, might actually be real. The paper presented the

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Speaker 1: results from a number of experiments involving over one thousand volunteers.

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Speaker 1: One such test was to have the volunteers study a

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Speaker 1: list of words, from which they would later be asked

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Speaker 1: to try and recall as many of the words as possible.

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Speaker 1: Having completed this part of the experiment, the volunteers were

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Speaker 1: then given random words from the list that they were

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Speaker 1: then asked to type out as a counterintuitive act of reinforcement. Incredibly,

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Speaker 1: ben results seemed to suggest a direct correlation between the

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Speaker 1: words that the students had been able to recall and

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Speaker 1: the words that they were later asked to type out.

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Speaker 1: In essence, Bem had turned the notion of cause and

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Speaker 1: effect completely on its head. In another test, volunteers were

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Speaker 1: shown two curtain graphics on a computer screen, behind one

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Speaker 1: of which was a highly stimulant, erotic image. The volunteers

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Speaker 1: were then tasked with selecting correctly which curtain hid the

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Speaker 1: image completely. Random guesses would return a roughly fifty percent

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Speaker 1: success rate, but amazingly, Professor Bem recorded a fifty three

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Speaker 1: point one success rate. The difference may sound minimal, but

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Speaker 1: in statistical terms, it is dramatically significant. What Bem's paper

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Speaker 1: seemed to be saying was that everything we thought we

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Speaker 1: knew about the unidirectional nature of time was a fallacy.

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Speaker 1: Before long, however, there were suspicious rumblings amongst the scientific community.

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Speaker 1: Questions were asked about the validity of Bem's methodology and

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Speaker 1: the lack of any other findings that might link with

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Speaker 1: Bem's extraordinary claims, and ultimately, what distinguishes scientific theory from

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Speaker 1: fact is the reproducibility of the results. In two thousand

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Speaker 1: and twelve, psychologists Stuart Ritchie, Richard Wiseman, and Chris French

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Speaker 1: of the Universities of Edinburgh, Hertfordshire and Goldsmith's respectively made

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Speaker 1: an unsuccessful attempt to replicate Professor Bem's findings. Their attempts

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Speaker 1: were repeated in the same year by Jeff Gallick of

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Speaker 1: Carnegie Mellon University, who also failed to replicate Professor Bem's results.

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Speaker 1: It remains to be seen whether Bem's findings will gain

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Speaker 1: a wider credibility. For what its worth, Bem stands resolutely

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Speaker 1: by his fine one perhaps more rational, but in some

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Speaker 1: ways no less extraordinary. Explanation for the bizarre accounts of

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Speaker 1: Elizabeth Smith and the Three Cadets is a phenomenon known

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Speaker 1: as derealization. The experience is thought to be brought on

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Speaker 1: by a dysfunction in the occipital or temporal lobe of

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Speaker 1: the brain. The condition can often leave sufferers with a

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Speaker 1: sense of disassociation from the external world, whereby familiar places

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Speaker 1: suddenly become alien and surreal. Regardless of whether such a

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Speaker 1: condition had afflicted Smith or the young boys, the suggestion

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Speaker 1: brings to mind an intriguing concept that I believe strikes

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Speaker 1: at the heart of our fascination with the notion of

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Speaker 1: traveling back in time. The term horntology was coined by

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Speaker 1: French philosopher Jacques Reader in his nineteen ninety three book

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Speaker 1: Specters of Mars, The State of the Debt, the Work

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Speaker 1: of Mourning, and the New International. The word is a

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Speaker 1: portmanteau of the words haunting and ontology, the philosophical study

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Speaker 1: of the nature of being. For Derida, the term is

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Speaker 1: essentially a play on the temporality of ideas, or more precisely,

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Speaker 1: the impossibility of eradicating knowledge or ideas, in this case,

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Speaker 1: as they would pertain to Marxist philosophy. Once they have

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Speaker 1: been conceived, from the moment they exist, they remain forever

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Speaker 1: a part of our collective knowledge, haunting our perception of

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Speaker 1: both the past and the future. The implication being that

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Speaker 1: only by returning to a time before the idea could

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Speaker 1: we hope to imagine an alternate future unshaped by that idea.

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Speaker 1: And it is this that I believe most resonates with

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Speaker 1: us when fantasizing about the possibility of traveling back in time.

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Speaker 1: Not the fantasy that we might exist in a different

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Speaker 1: and more agreeable past, but that by returning to that

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Speaker 1: past we might realize a different future. What tantalizes is

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Speaker 1: the promise that our fate could somehow be changed for

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Speaker 1: the better, this currently being an impossibility. To paraphrase the

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Speaker 1: composer William Bazinski, we find ourselves perversely left pining for

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Speaker 1: futures that can never happen, but continue to haunt us. Nonetheless,

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00:28:36,119 --> 00:28:39,480
Speaker 1: a concept that you might say achieves physical form in

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Speaker 1: the architecture around us, perhaps no more strikingly than in

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Speaker 1: places like the Barbican Center in London, a place now

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Speaker 1: extant as a literal Ballardian testament to a vision of

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Speaker 1: the future that never materialized. Of course, change for the better,

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Speaker 1: like all things, is a relative term. For example, it

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Speaker 1: is through concepts such as horntology that we might better understand,

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Speaker 1: at least the despotic fixation for burning books, or, in

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Speaker 1: the recent case of Isissel, their destruction of ancient cultural artifacts.

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Speaker 1: Such practices formed the practical reality of attempts to expunge

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Speaker 1: the past in the hope of creating a different future.

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Speaker 1: The concept of horntology was reinvigorated in the naughties by

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Speaker 1: a number of cultural theorists eager to apply the term

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Speaker 1: to emergent trends in art and pop culture, in particular

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Speaker 1: with regards to the growing sense that Western music and

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Speaker 1: especially electronic music, had reached an evolutionary could sac. Perhaps

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Speaker 1: most prominent among them was the writer and theorist Mark Fisher,

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Speaker 1: who saw in the music of artists such as Burial

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Speaker 1: or the groups perform under the ghost Box label, an

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Speaker 1: attempt to navigate away out of the cul de sac.

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Speaker 1: Fisher also recognized an unsettled nostalgia for the past that

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Speaker 1: in some ways was merely serving to reinvigorate the specters

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Speaker 1: of what those musicians saw as their many lost futures.

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Speaker 1: But what Fisher found most troubling, as mentioned in a

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Speaker 1: piece for the fall two thousand and twelve edition of

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Speaker 1: Film Quarterly, was the sense that we were losing the

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Speaker 1: capacity to conceive of a world radically different from the

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Speaker 1: one in which we currently live, that escape from the

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Speaker 1: cul de sac was an impossibility. And yet for those

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Speaker 1: left despondent at this notion, who pine for an escape

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Speaker 1: from an uncertain present, it is worth bearing in mind

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Speaker 1: some of the thoughts of Arthur Kessler, as addressed in

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Speaker 1: his seminal work The Ghost in the Machine. In a

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Speaker 1: concept he refers to as drawback to Leap, Kessler demonstrates

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Speaker 1: that not only is the history of evolution littered with

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Speaker 1: cul de sacs and dead ends, but that some of

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Speaker 1: the greatest revolutions in science, art, and biology were dependent

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Speaker 1: on them. That it isn't until periods of cumulative progress

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Speaker 1: reached their inevitable stagnation that we are left with no

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Speaker 1: alternative but to go back and find a new way out,

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Speaker 1: as exemplified, for example, by the way in which Pablo

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Speaker 1: Picasso's reversal to primitivism enabled him to forge a brand

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Speaker 1: new paradigm in Cubism. So for anyone feeling afraid that

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00:31:39,240 --> 00:31:42,360
Speaker 1: the future they invested so much hope in seems to

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Speaker 1: be disappearing before their eyes, worry not that it is

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Speaker 1: the end. Not only might it merely be the draw

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00:31:49,880 --> 00:31:54,240
Speaker 1: back before the leap, but also remember that the past, present,

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Speaker 1: and future is now. Perhaps those lost futures aunt specters

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00:31:59,600 --> 00:32:04,680
Speaker 1: after all, but real attainable spaces just waiting for you

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Speaker 1: to arrive. All elements of Unexplained are produced by me

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Speaker 1: Richard McClain smith. Please subscribe and rate the show on iTunes.

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Speaker 1: Feel free to get in touch with any thoughts or

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Speaker 1: ideas regarding the stories you've heard on the show. Perhaps

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Speaker 1: you have an explanation of your own you'd like to share.

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00:32:24,720 --> 00:32:27,480
Speaker 1: You can reach us online at Unexplained podcast dot com

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00:32:27,600 --> 00:32:50,920
Speaker 1: or on Twitter at Unexplained Pod. Now. It's time to

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Speaker 1: take care of yourself. To make time for you. Tell

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Speaker 1: a doc gives you access to a licensed therapist to

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Speaker 1: help you get back to feeling your best. Speak to

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Speaker 1: a licensed therapist by phone or video any time between

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Speaker 1: Download the app, or visit teledoc dot com Forward slash

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