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Speaker 1: Welcome to Creature future production of I Heart Radio. I'm

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Speaker 1: your host of Many Parasites, Katie Golden. I studied psychology

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Speaker 1: and evolutionary biology, and today on the show Animals or

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Speaker 1: should I say doctor Animals animals who are their own doctors,

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Speaker 1: healing themselves with medicine found in nature, from spas crawling

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Speaker 1: with ants to chimpanzee pharmacology. World learning that a millipedea

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Speaker 1: day can keep the doctor away. Discover this and more

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Speaker 1: as we answer the age old question should you replace

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Speaker 1: your doctor with a spider? Joining me today is friend

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Speaker 1: of the show, co host of Ethnically Ambiguous, and producer

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Speaker 1: at iHeart Radio, An A. Hose Ny. Welcome back. Wow,

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Speaker 1: thank you so much for having me. I am an

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Speaker 1: animal and a doctor. It's true. I know it. I

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Speaker 1: once had a broken arm and and I just kind

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Speaker 1: of bited a bit and it actually worked. It's I mean,

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Speaker 1: it's still broken, but I'm sure it did something. Thank you. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: you know, I I really um, I used my web. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: the web that comes out of my butt, and I

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Speaker 1: ditched you right up or wrapped you right up. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: As you know, the web does come out of the button.

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Speaker 1: It actually comes from a specific web producing gland called

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Speaker 1: a spinneret. But you know, we could just say, but

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Speaker 1: and who's gonna Who's gonna stop us? The Spider police?

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Speaker 1: Oh god, I hope not. Can you imagine? No, I

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Speaker 1: refuse to imagine. I refuse to imagine being arrested by

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Speaker 1: the Spider police. I will not have it. Imagine how

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Speaker 1: many handcuffs you need though for a spider perp, Just like,

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Speaker 1: all right, put your hands behind your back, and those

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Speaker 1: hands too, and also those hands and also those hands

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Speaker 1: and those hands to Yeah, I mean I think, um,

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Speaker 1: you might do better with just a like a lasso

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Speaker 1: type sort of like wrap all up over the head

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Speaker 1: because bolo, or like an overturned glass and a piece

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Speaker 1: of cardboard. That's probably how Spider cops do it. Like

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Speaker 1: put them under a piece of glass and put like newspaper,

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Speaker 1: stiff stiff paper under it, and then put them outside,

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Speaker 1: which is spider jail. Outside of spider jail. Yeah, you're right,

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Speaker 1: outside world? Is there jail? They live in a perpetual

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Speaker 1: jail until they can get into our homes and be

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Speaker 1: safely try sported out right exactly? Well, uh, Spider Justice

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Speaker 1: System ASIGN. We are talking about animals today who are

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Speaker 1: their own doctors. There, we may think that as humans

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Speaker 1: we have a monopoly on medicine and being smart and

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Speaker 1: treating ourselves with pharmacology and medicine, and actually it turns

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Speaker 1: out that no, we are not unique in this manner.

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Speaker 1: In fact, animals have come up with many ways to

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Speaker 1: help treat themselves to some medicine, and it can be

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Speaker 1: very interesting and counterintuitive. So first we are going to

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Speaker 1: talk about a behavior known as anting. Are your kids

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Speaker 1: doing aunting? Do you know? Have you seen your kids?

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Speaker 1: Have you talked to your kids about aunting? Yes? Just joking.

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Speaker 1: I have no idea what it is? Is this when

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Speaker 1: a group of ants get together and cause a ruckus? Uh? Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I mean that's actually called like and and anti rama.

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Speaker 1: But aunting is actually the behavior of rubbing ants all

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Speaker 1: over your body, and it's a huge trend on TikTok

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Speaker 1: I don't actually know. I don't own a TikTok so.

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Speaker 1: I assume though, I just assume that anything that has

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Speaker 1: any like, any kind of action you could take is

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Speaker 1: a trend on TikTok so. Rubbing ants all over your

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Speaker 1: body probably a TikTok trend. I assume. Wow, you know, um,

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Speaker 1: you're probably right. I do own a TikTok, but I

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Speaker 1: have not um scrolled to the like point of no

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Speaker 1: return where people are rubbing ants on them. It's there,

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Speaker 1: should start it, then you should do it. You'll get Yeah,

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Speaker 1: you'll get a lot of ticks. Is that how TikTok works? Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's interesting. TikTok get talked a lot. It starts to

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Speaker 1: learn what you like very quickly. It's very intelligent. If

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Speaker 1: you will, we should all be scared. Yeah. Yeah, I

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Speaker 1: don't tend to stay on like animal well sure pet

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Speaker 1: I do, but like animal like further insect related content.

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Speaker 1: So it could potentially take me almost a year to

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Speaker 1: get to like people covering themselves and ants. I mean

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Speaker 1: I think I could probably get there much quicker you

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Speaker 1: would get there. Probably in the first swipe they'll be

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Speaker 1: like this, lady, my my four me page will just

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Speaker 1: be covered with ants. And that's how I like it.

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Speaker 1: So aunting is a behavior done by a variety of animals,

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Speaker 1: but especially birds those freaks. So certain species of birds

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Speaker 1: engage in anting, so rubbing ants all over their feathers

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Speaker 1: and skin. They will sometimes pick them up with their

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Speaker 1: beaks and rub like an individual ant over a feather,

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Speaker 1: or sometimes they roll around and let them walk all

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Speaker 1: over their wings if they really just want to get

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Speaker 1: the full ant experience, So are they just freaks? Like

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Speaker 1: do they just like to do this because you know,

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Speaker 1: it's a it's a it's a TikTok trend for birds. No,

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Speaker 1: so it is wildly popular among birds. It's thought that

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Speaker 1: over two hundred species of birds engage in anting, which

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Speaker 1: is astounding. So something is clearly going on. Now I'm

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Speaker 1: starting to be like, Okay, if that many birds are

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Speaker 1: up to anting, have I ever witnessed this? Or is

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Speaker 1: this kind of like a private thing they do. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's a it's only found in private bird lounges. And

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Speaker 1: if you're not a v I a very important avian,

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Speaker 1: you are not allowed behind the velvet rope for anting.

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Speaker 1: Uh No, I mean if you've ever seen a bird

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Speaker 1: preening or a bird rolling around in the dirt, you

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Speaker 1: may have witnessed a bird engaging in anting. So the

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Speaker 1: theory is that ants release formic acid, which may act

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Speaker 1: as a natural anti mite, antibacterial ointment that perhaps helps

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Speaker 1: rid the birds of topical parasites or even fungal infections.

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Speaker 1: So there's another theory though, that the act of anting

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Speaker 1: is actually to prepare the ants for being eaten, so

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Speaker 1: by rubbing them all over their feather they encourage the

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Speaker 1: ants to release that formic acid and that makes them edible.

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Speaker 1: Because if you want to eat an ant and it's

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Speaker 1: full of formic acid, that's you know, it's not great.

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Speaker 1: It's not a great taste. So it is not exactly

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Speaker 1: completely understood which of these theories are correct. But here

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Speaker 1: is the forms of anting that birds do. So it

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Speaker 1: can range from passive anting where birds will roll around

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Speaker 1: in an ant hill, or active anting where a bird

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Speaker 1: carefully picks up a single ant with its beak and

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Speaker 1: rubs it along a feather. So the birds can be

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Speaker 1: extremely particular, only using one ant per feather, and some

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Speaker 1: species of birds are impatient and we'll grab like a

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Speaker 1: big bundle of ants all at once and rub them

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Speaker 1: into their feathers like a big glob of writhing sunscreen.

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Speaker 1: So it yeah, it is such a such a common

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Speaker 1: behavior and such an interesting behavior among birds that it

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Speaker 1: must serve some kind of important purpose for them, even

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Speaker 1: if that purpose is just fun. There's a theory that

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Speaker 1: anting is just for stimulation. Personally, I think like just like, hey,

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Speaker 1: this is a fun like massage, you know, it's it's

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Speaker 1: fun to be covered in ants. I don't know if

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Speaker 1: you've ever tried it. But no, no, no, that seems

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Speaker 1: like a literal nightmare. I don't think that's something I

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Speaker 1: could get into for stimulation or any other reason. I mean,

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Speaker 1: you know, but like if you got if you got

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Speaker 1: them on your back, it's like a billion little tiny

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Speaker 1: masseus is all, you know, working out those knots and

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Speaker 1: your muscles with their mandibles. No, am I not selling this? Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I don't know. I don't know, Katie, I don't don't.

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Speaker 1: I don't think I'll ever come around on this one.

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Speaker 1: Well I could probably sell this to a bird though,

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Speaker 1: because they love it so uh the the the anting.

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Speaker 1: My my feeling on this from what I've read is

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Speaker 1: it seems like it is a combination of both the

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Speaker 1: birds getting the food, being able to basically make these

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Speaker 1: ants edible by making them excrete their formic acid, and

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Speaker 1: in addition the added perk of the hygiene. So I

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Speaker 1: think it's both. I think they are they have found

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Speaker 1: a system that gives them both a good scrub down

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Speaker 1: and gives them a good snack, which is like being able,

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Speaker 1: like using sort of a sugar scrub exfoliant and then

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Speaker 1: eating it, which in some sense kind of sounds disgusting,

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Speaker 1: but in another sense efficient. I actually, you know what, God,

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Speaker 1: if I ever found myself eating an explian scrub h,

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Speaker 1: I guess I'm not that above it. I'm not gonna lie.

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Speaker 1: I'm just not gonna lie. So I'm not gonna say anything.

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Speaker 1: If you've never been saying, know how they like put

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Speaker 1: those cucumber slices on your eyeballs in a spot. I've

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Speaker 1: never been to a spa where they put cucumber slices

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Speaker 1: on your face, which seems like I should at some point.

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Speaker 1: It seems like that's what you're supposed to do to

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Speaker 1: treat yourself, but I would be tempted to eat them.

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Speaker 1: Cucumbers are delicious. That feels like like a pop culture

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Speaker 1: trope in movies, like when women or men are spas,

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Speaker 1: they always take it off and go like, what's the

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Speaker 1: cucumbers supposed to do? Right? Like on your eyes? Um?

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Speaker 1: Does it make you see better? What I mean, I'm

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Speaker 1: assuming I'm actually literally going it. Why I put cucumbers

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Speaker 1: on to soothe and reduce puffiness and dark circles on

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Speaker 1: the skin. Why cucumbers though, When cucumbers there's some kind

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Speaker 1: of like it says when they become dry, cucumbers can

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Speaker 1: offer a hydrating effect reducing dryness and redness. Seems like

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Speaker 1: you could use any moist vegetable then, right, I don't know,

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Speaker 1: I but cucumbers seemed like they're like a miracle veggie,

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Speaker 1: isn't it? When they should I get pickled, they become

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Speaker 1: a pickle. That is true. They do become pickles when

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Speaker 1: they get pickled. Uh, that that that is But I

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Speaker 1: assume you can't put pickles on your eyes because that

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Speaker 1: seems like that would be burn Yeah, bad for the eyeballs.

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Speaker 1: Well in that case, right, yeah, Well, personally I don't

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Speaker 1: want to put vegetables on my eyes. That's a personal preference.

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Speaker 1: How However, birds do like to double dip in terms

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Speaker 1: of using the exfoliating ants as food and vice versa.

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Speaker 1: Potentially this is this is the theory I think is

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Speaker 1: most most likely because it seems like if you wanted

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Speaker 1: to just eat the ants, you wouldn't roll around in

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Speaker 1: an ant hill um and there they have been recorded

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Speaker 1: eating these ants as well, so we know they do

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Speaker 1: eat them after they engage in anting, so I think

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Speaker 1: it is probably combination. There is also a theory that

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Speaker 1: this formic acid that the ants kind of excrete like

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Speaker 1: little tiny tubes of toothpaste, actually also works as a

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Speaker 1: shampoo for the birds. It might help them cleanse old

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Speaker 1: oil on their wings and help it be replaced with

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Speaker 1: new oil, just like when you shampoo your hair, right, which, yeah,

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Speaker 1: I don't. I'm not saying put a bunch of ants

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Speaker 1: in your hair. That is not what I'm not not

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Speaker 1: saying it, but legally speaking, I'm not saying. But I'm

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Speaker 1: also legally speaking not not saying it. The point is,

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Speaker 1: it's your scalp and your choice with respect to ants.

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Speaker 1: My choice, my scalp, right, exactly, Sorry, ants, your scalp.

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Speaker 1: Is that why birds are so moisturized looking, that they

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Speaker 1: have such a healthy sheen? Maybe because they're just rub it,

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Speaker 1: they got the ant on them. Yeah, maybe she's born that.

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Speaker 1: Maybe it's a bunch of ants. Maybe she's born with it.

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Speaker 1: Maybe it's a bunch of ants. Oh my god, you're

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Speaker 1: onto something here, Katie. Do you think is there aunt

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Speaker 1: shampoo already? If they're so moisturizing, look, it up. Do

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Speaker 1: you know what I thank you? You know, I was

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Speaker 1: in a beauty store to enhance my beauty and there

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Speaker 1: was a shampoo or some kind of thing that had

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Speaker 1: like Goat plus Santa in it. I'm gonna say so.

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Speaker 1: I've also seen and I did not buy that one.

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Speaker 1: I have also seen snail slime moisturizer. I did try that.

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Speaker 1: Uh it was I guess moisturizing. I didn't. I think

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Speaker 1: it was more moisturizing than just lotion. But the point

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Speaker 1: is I wouldn't be terribly surprised if there was some

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Speaker 1: kind of like aunt scrub. I'm not out seeing it

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Speaker 1: when I look it up. I hesitate to even give

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Speaker 1: the cosmetic industry this idea, because you know they're gonna

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Speaker 1: start getting ants involved in their schemes to make everyone

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Speaker 1: feel insecure, like they have to buy a bunch of

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Speaker 1: cosmetic products. It's like, hey, you think you're pretty, No,

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Speaker 1: you gotta put ants on your face. Now that's the trend. Yeah, no,

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Speaker 1: I'm not saying it. I do see a lot of

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Speaker 1: people complaining that ants got to their sugar scrubs, but

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Speaker 1: in their baths. I mean, if you're gonna if you're

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Speaker 1: gonna put sugar out there, ants are gonna get to it.

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Speaker 1: It's just it's the law. It's the law. It's the law.

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Speaker 1: It's the law. So right. So birds don't just rub

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Speaker 1: ants all over themselves, the little weirdos. They also rub

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Speaker 1: things like millipedes, or they can even use man made

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Speaker 1: things that have a toxin in them, like mothballs or

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Speaker 1: even cigarette butts, which seems to indicate to me that

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Speaker 1: they are definitely trying to do some kind of grooming. Now, obviously,

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Speaker 1: cigarette butts are not ideal, nor are mothballs, but they

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Speaker 1: are both somewhat toxic to MIT's other parasites of fungus,

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Speaker 1: so it seems like the birds are engaging in a

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Speaker 1: behavior where they are doing some form of grooming. Now.

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Speaker 1: I don't know if the birds do eat the cigarette

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Speaker 1: butts after they wipe themselves down with it, but I

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Speaker 1: certainly hope not because that would be bad for their health.

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Speaker 1: Why the cigarette butts? Now, I don't know too much

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Speaker 1: about cigarettes because I'm a good girl and I don't

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Speaker 1: smoke because I listened in elementary school and they told

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Speaker 1: me just say no. So I don't really know what

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Speaker 1: chemical is in cigarettes that be bad for the for

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Speaker 1: the topical mites or fungus, but I'm assuming they're generally

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Speaker 1: toxic they have that. I mean, the ash might help

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Speaker 1: as well, because it's a descant. It's very dry. Actually,

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Speaker 1: I think originally soap is like fat mixed with ash

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Speaker 1: can form a soap sort of acidic scrub. So I

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Speaker 1: could see how cigarette ash might actually be that's mixed

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Speaker 1: in with the bird's oils and its feathers. It may

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Speaker 1: create some kind of like more or sorry, not acidic,

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Speaker 1: I think, a basic scrub, and so that may have

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Speaker 1: some kind of shampooing effect. Again legally speaking. Morally speaking,

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Speaker 1: I'm not saying you should rub yourself down with cigarette

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Speaker 1: butts actually don't do that, and I don't think birds

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Speaker 1: should do it either. It's just that when we put

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Speaker 1: a bunch of garbage in the world, birds are going

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Speaker 1: to try to use that garbage. It's you know, that's

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Speaker 1: how it is. Question is a part of it also

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Speaker 1: that it helps add a kind of a smell that

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Speaker 1: could potentially throw off a predators sin. I mean, that's

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Speaker 1: an interesting idea. Birds don't have a great sense of smell,

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Speaker 1: but I mean certainly predators of birds do, so things like, um,

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Speaker 1: I mean anything from domestic cats to you know, snakes

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Speaker 1: probably do have I mean, snakes have a chemosensory organ

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Speaker 1: that they could and that's why they flick out their tongues.

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Speaker 1: But birds don't have a great sense of smell, so

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Speaker 1: I'm not sure if the birds would like be able

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Speaker 1: to sniff out whether that thing would help them get

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Speaker 1: rid of a smell. But it could be, right, Like,

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Speaker 1: it could be that by rubbing themselves down with something,

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Speaker 1: it could throw off or deter predators. I haven't actually

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Speaker 1: seen that theory, but it's not a bad idea. I

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Speaker 1: feel like I've I've heard that somewhere, probably your show

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Speaker 1: about something I don't know. Isn't that what they do?

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Speaker 1: Like if there's certain like I actually don't. I just

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Speaker 1: don't really know where I got that from, But I

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Speaker 1: feel like it isn't that like dogs or cats will

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Speaker 1: like rub themselves on weird ship for that reason. That's true. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: cats will, I mean scenting like rolling around in certain

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Speaker 1: sense is very common with with dogs, and cats will

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Speaker 1: certainly like mark you with their scent. You know, when

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Speaker 1: they like rub up against you, they are they're marking

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Speaker 1: you as their property. And so yeah, no, it's it's

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Speaker 1: it's birds kind of live less of a nasal life

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Speaker 1: than say a dog. A dog lives a very smell

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Speaker 1: smelly life. A lot of their cognition is based on smells,

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Speaker 1: whereas with birds not so much. It's more based on

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Speaker 1: vision or hearing. But that's not to say that they

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Speaker 1: couldn't sort of chance into like, hey, we gotta when

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Speaker 1: we do this, maybe they they have association of Maybe

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Speaker 1: they're by changing their odor using sort of some um

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Speaker 1: part of their environment that could deter predators. But that's

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Speaker 1: also actually a reason you may have heard like you

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Speaker 1: shouldn't touch a baby bird because if you get your

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Speaker 1: smell on it, the mother is going to reject it.

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Speaker 1: That's absolutely not true. You shouldn't touch a fledgling because

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Speaker 1: if you see a bird that has a good amount

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Speaker 1: of feathers on it, but it's kind of like it

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Speaker 1: looks sort of like a baby, but it it's fully feathered,

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Speaker 1: that means it's a fledgling and probably just learning how

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Speaker 1: to fly. But if you see a nestling where it's

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Speaker 1: you know, there's like very awkward looking nude little birds

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Speaker 1: without many feathers, you can't pick it up, and if

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Speaker 1: you pick it up and put it back in its nest,

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Speaker 1: that's perfectly fine. Just wash your hands afterwards. Yeah, I've

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Speaker 1: heard so much of if you touch this animal, it's

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Speaker 1: family will abandon it and you will have become a

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Speaker 1: person who has created orphans with and the animal kingdom,

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Speaker 1: and you are a bad person. So how could you

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Speaker 1: that little baby bird had or animal now have to

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Speaker 1: survive on its own and you've ruined its life. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: there's a lot of misconceptions about that. Generally speaking, animals

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Speaker 1: will not abandon their young just based on like catching

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Speaker 1: a whiff of human on them. I mean there. I

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Speaker 1: think like some of the myth may come from a

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Speaker 1: misunderstanding of what's happening. Sometimes people will find like a

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Speaker 1: baby bird and they will put it back in the nest,

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Speaker 1: and then it'll fall out again, and they think, oh,

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Speaker 1: that's because it's mother is rejecting it because I touched it.

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Speaker 1: It's like, No, it could be that it's sibling is

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Speaker 1: pushing it out, which happens with some bird species. It

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Speaker 1: could be that it's there's something wrong with it. Um.

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Speaker 1: So yeah, but it's not your smell. You you being

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Speaker 1: smelling is not causing the problem this time, so question yes, okay,

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Speaker 1: well I'm curious where that started, like the whole they'll

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Speaker 1: abandon you, and does that mean that the fact that

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Speaker 1: it's not true that animals are more loving of their

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Speaker 1: children than it appears. So with birds, it's certainly not

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Speaker 1: true because bird's sense of smell is just not great.

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Speaker 1: They have one, they have a sense of smell, but

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Speaker 1: it's not it's they don't really, it's not that sensitive.

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Speaker 1: And certainly a whiff of person on their chick is

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Speaker 1: not going to make them abandon their chick. And in general,

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Speaker 1: while there are a lot of species of animals that

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Speaker 1: do you sent to detect their offspring, there is not.

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Speaker 1: I don't think generally they will reject their offspring just

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Speaker 1: because they smell. They have like a human smell on them.

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Speaker 1: Now I'm not sure, like if you could completely replace

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Speaker 1: their smell with something utterly foreign and have no remaining smell,

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Speaker 1: So like say you take a puppy and dogs are

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Speaker 1: very smell based and you replaced its smell entirely with

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Speaker 1: a completely foreign, strange smell like formalde hide what should

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00:22:04,320 --> 00:22:07,480
Speaker 1: be horrible. Don't do that, God, do not do that.

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Speaker 1: Then maybe like that would not like the mother might

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Speaker 1: find that off and strange enough that they may abandon it,

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Speaker 1: but generally speaking, they're not like just because there's like

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Speaker 1: a little bit of a weird smell on it, They're

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Speaker 1: not going to be like, oh, screw you, baby, You're

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Speaker 1: you're done, you're fired, You're fired as my baby. But

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Speaker 1: there are things that can happen, like with baby dear fons,

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Speaker 1: their mothers will sometimes leave them in a location and

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Speaker 1: the fonds will curl up in a little ball and

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Speaker 1: just hide there while the mom goes off to forage.

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Speaker 1: And you shouldn't move a baby fon like that generally speaking,

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Speaker 1: because the mom is going to come back, and I

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Speaker 1: think like if you move it and you try to

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Speaker 1: like take it in, then the mom might just assume

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Speaker 1: it's it's gone and leave and not be reunited with it.

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Speaker 1: So there's some some truth to that, Like you shouldn't

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Speaker 1: always interfere when you see a baby animal. Should definitely like,

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Speaker 1: if you see a baby animal, the best thing to

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Speaker 1: do is sort of consult your local rehabilitation wildlife rehabilitation center.

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Speaker 1: They'll know what to do because it can be very difficult,

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Speaker 1: very tricky to take care of a baby animal. But yeah,

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Speaker 1: in general, animal parents invest so much in their offspring.

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Speaker 1: They're not just gonna abandon them at the drop of

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Speaker 1: a hat. God, I really hope so, because it's such

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Speaker 1: a devastating concept to think that you could be abandoned

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Speaker 1: because of a scent. Scent of a woman. Wow, if

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Speaker 1: you're too stinky, nobody, nobody will like you. That's horrible. No, look,

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Speaker 1: you know you can be stinky. It's fine. There's somebody

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Speaker 1: out there who's gonna like that stink, you know. I

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Speaker 1: mean people like weird stinky cheese, So they're gonna like

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Speaker 1: stinky people, right. That tracks Anyways, I do want to

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Speaker 1: mention before we move on that primates also engage in aunting.

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Speaker 1: So the tufted capuchin monkey does like to rub themselves

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Speaker 1: with ants, just like birds do, but they put a

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Speaker 1: little twist on it, and that twist is urine. Of course,

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00:24:06,720 --> 00:24:11,080
Speaker 1: they will combine ants and urine in a to die

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00:24:11,200 --> 00:24:15,280
Speaker 1: for body scrub that I think Lush is selling right now,

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00:24:15,480 --> 00:24:18,800
Speaker 1: just telling him, you know, go go to Lush. Don't

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00:24:18,840 --> 00:24:21,800
Speaker 1: do this because they're not actually sponsoring this. But the

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00:24:21,920 --> 00:24:24,120
Speaker 1: joke that I'm telling is, go to Lush and inter

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Speaker 1: Creature for a coupon off of the urine ants scrub,

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Speaker 1: which is a joke. Don't actually, that's not I'm not

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Speaker 1: being sponsored. So I go to Lush and I get

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00:24:34,800 --> 00:24:40,520
Speaker 1: this kind of creature scrub. I don't take any advice. Okay,

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00:24:40,800 --> 00:24:42,760
Speaker 1: I know what you're saying. Hey, Lush, if you want

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Speaker 1: to sponsor the podcast, you know, look, I'm sure a

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00:24:46,440 --> 00:24:49,479
Speaker 1: bunch of people just went to your website desperate for

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00:24:49,600 --> 00:24:55,360
Speaker 1: that ant monkey urine body scrub. So some species of capuchin,

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Speaker 1: such as the wedge capped capuchin, use millipedes who secrete

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00:25:00,119 --> 00:25:06,520
Speaker 1: toxic substance called benzo quinone, which is an insect repellent.

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Speaker 1: So the millipedes are such a popular skincare treatment that

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00:25:12,800 --> 00:25:16,280
Speaker 1: these capuchins will actually share a single millipedes, so they'll

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00:25:16,320 --> 00:25:18,719
Speaker 1: rub it over and then pass it on to another

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00:25:18,800 --> 00:25:21,040
Speaker 1: capuchin who will rub it all over their body. It's

398
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Speaker 1: like you've ever been to the club. You guys are

399
00:25:24,080 --> 00:25:27,800
Speaker 1: like sharing body glitter. This is not I'm sorry, I

400
00:25:27,840 --> 00:25:30,440
Speaker 1: don't do that. I'm just trying to imagine the life

401
00:25:30,440 --> 00:25:33,119
Speaker 1: of someone cool, and I would imagine it would be

402
00:25:33,160 --> 00:25:35,920
Speaker 1: going to the club and sharing body glitter. I've never

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Speaker 1: done that. Is that a thing people do? Is that

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00:25:38,280 --> 00:25:40,399
Speaker 1: a thing cool people do? I mean, I feel like

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00:25:40,480 --> 00:25:43,119
Speaker 1: I knew people in college at the height of the

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00:25:43,200 --> 00:25:46,800
Speaker 1: Kesha era that we're doing a lot of body glitter

407
00:25:47,000 --> 00:25:51,960
Speaker 1: doing it. Yeah, I know it's everywhere doing body doing hard,

408
00:25:52,000 --> 00:25:54,399
Speaker 1: hard body glitter. But I was a good girl and

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Speaker 1: I just said now to body glitter because that's what

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00:25:56,920 --> 00:26:01,560
Speaker 1: I was taught in elementary school. So it's it's interesting

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00:26:01,760 --> 00:26:06,560
Speaker 1: because just like body glitter, there can be a downside

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Speaker 1: to these remedies that these monkeys used. So white faced Capuchins,

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00:26:12,119 --> 00:26:15,520
Speaker 1: so they will often use a combination of plants and

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00:26:15,760 --> 00:26:19,160
Speaker 1: mud that works as an insect repellent. But if they

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00:26:19,200 --> 00:26:22,080
Speaker 1: cover too many of their features with the mud, their

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00:26:22,160 --> 00:26:26,880
Speaker 1: friends won't recognize them and they will become unfriendly and aggressive.

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00:26:27,640 --> 00:26:30,879
Speaker 1: So that is one of the dangerous of body glitter.

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00:26:30,880 --> 00:26:33,560
Speaker 1: If you use too much, your your friends are not

419
00:26:33,600 --> 00:26:35,679
Speaker 1: going to recognize you at the club. They're gonna be

420
00:26:35,720 --> 00:26:39,639
Speaker 1: blinded and they're gonna attack you. And you know, Capuchin's

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00:26:40,000 --> 00:26:47,280
Speaker 1: it's the same thing, cap cap puchins. Sorry say Capuchin's captions.

422
00:26:47,440 --> 00:26:50,920
Speaker 1: I say it both capucheons, Yeah, kucheons. I don't know,

423
00:26:51,080 --> 00:26:54,080
Speaker 1: making me think of cappuccino. Well, I don't know the

424
00:26:54,160 --> 00:26:57,600
Speaker 1: etymology of cappuccino. Maybe it's the same, but they're the

425
00:26:57,680 --> 00:27:02,920
Speaker 1: capuchins are based on the compuchion monks because they monkeys

426
00:27:03,000 --> 00:27:05,520
Speaker 1: kind of look like they've got a little little little

427
00:27:05,520 --> 00:27:11,680
Speaker 1: monk hairstyle. Yeah, I'm always uh the excretion, that excretion.

428
00:27:12,320 --> 00:27:15,200
Speaker 1: You know, I'm really into skincare, and like I always

429
00:27:15,280 --> 00:27:18,480
Speaker 1: see like really really surreal. I don't know, I it's

430
00:27:18,480 --> 00:27:21,639
Speaker 1: not even surreal. You're pretty desensitized to it because you

431
00:27:21,680 --> 00:27:24,399
Speaker 1: never know what's real. They're just like putting words on

432
00:27:24,440 --> 00:27:28,080
Speaker 1: a bottle to make you spend more money. Dimetic couple

433
00:27:28,400 --> 00:27:34,960
Speaker 1: lozzi zone can than Yeah, but don't be like this.

434
00:27:34,960 --> 00:27:38,080
Speaker 1: This has like squaling in it or even like what

435
00:27:38,119 --> 00:27:41,680
Speaker 1: you said about like the what is it the the

436
00:27:41,840 --> 00:27:44,240
Speaker 1: what do they call it? The snail snail Like yeah,

437
00:27:44,359 --> 00:27:48,200
Speaker 1: like yes, snail slime. This has this is prawn milk

438
00:27:48,280 --> 00:27:53,400
Speaker 1: in it and it exfoliates your ribosomes. Yeah, Like squaling

439
00:27:53,520 --> 00:27:56,680
Speaker 1: comes from like I looked it up. It's it's originally

440
00:27:56,680 --> 00:28:00,160
Speaker 1: obtained from shark liver oil. What it's pretty so real,

441
00:28:00,240 --> 00:28:01,960
Speaker 1: like the kind of things that come from animals that

442
00:28:02,040 --> 00:28:05,159
Speaker 1: we can put on our face to look gorgeous, to

443
00:28:05,320 --> 00:28:08,840
Speaker 1: look good. Yeah, it worries me sometimes on account of

444
00:28:08,920 --> 00:28:13,000
Speaker 1: I don't like the exploitation of nature. I do imagine though,

445
00:28:13,160 --> 00:28:16,240
Speaker 1: like if you just rubbed your face on a live shark,

446
00:28:16,320 --> 00:28:20,000
Speaker 1: it would be very exfoliating because sharks. Shark skin is

447
00:28:20,200 --> 00:28:24,920
Speaker 1: very sandpapery because of these microscopic structures called denticles, which

448
00:28:25,080 --> 00:28:28,200
Speaker 1: are like these teeth like structures on it. So the

449
00:28:28,200 --> 00:28:31,000
Speaker 1: snake skin is very rough or sorry, the shark skin

450
00:28:31,160 --> 00:28:35,560
Speaker 1: is very rough. So not again legally speaking, not recommending

451
00:28:35,560 --> 00:28:37,960
Speaker 1: you rub your face on a shark, but it would

452
00:28:38,000 --> 00:28:42,080
Speaker 1: be very exfoliating. Although if the shark got mad and

453
00:28:42,120 --> 00:28:45,320
Speaker 1: it actually bit you, that would be like maybe too exfoliating.

454
00:28:45,720 --> 00:28:50,800
Speaker 1: My insides would be explod Finally, no, my organs the

455
00:28:50,920 --> 00:28:58,680
Speaker 1: ultimate exfoliation. My organs getting very exfoliated by these shark teeth. Yeah, gosh,

456
00:28:58,840 --> 00:29:01,680
Speaker 1: I guess I'm curious what I'll start these animals excreening

457
00:29:01,720 --> 00:29:05,400
Speaker 1: that I could put on my face. Well, maybe we'll

458
00:29:05,440 --> 00:29:09,520
Speaker 1: find out after the break. That was a great transition,

459
00:29:15,440 --> 00:29:19,400
Speaker 1: so Anna, I did say I was going to tell

460
00:29:19,440 --> 00:29:22,480
Speaker 1: you more about things you can smear on your face,

461
00:29:22,600 --> 00:29:24,560
Speaker 1: but I lied to you. Now we're going to talk

462
00:29:24,560 --> 00:29:27,400
Speaker 1: about things you can eat and have go inside of

463
00:29:27,440 --> 00:29:31,479
Speaker 1: your body and do magical things. Legally speaking, don't do

464
00:29:31,560 --> 00:29:33,479
Speaker 1: any of this. All of you out there, I know,

465
00:29:33,840 --> 00:29:36,600
Speaker 1: like this stuff I'm going to talk about is very tempting.

466
00:29:36,800 --> 00:29:39,920
Speaker 1: That you're going to go out to where these animals live,

467
00:29:40,200 --> 00:29:43,480
Speaker 1: find these plants and then try to eat them. But don't.

468
00:29:44,160 --> 00:29:47,040
Speaker 1: Don't do it. That's what the lawyer says. And you

469
00:29:47,120 --> 00:29:49,560
Speaker 1: got to listen to the lawyer. He says, don't do it.

470
00:29:50,480 --> 00:29:52,560
Speaker 1: I don't know. I just feel like I should do it.

471
00:29:53,280 --> 00:29:58,520
Speaker 1: That is your choice that I had no pardon. So

472
00:29:59,320 --> 00:30:04,280
Speaker 1: chimpanzee ease pretty smart, right, But are they smart to

473
00:30:04,440 --> 00:30:09,040
Speaker 1: make their own medicine? Yes they are. Sorry, I kinda

474
00:30:09,320 --> 00:30:12,000
Speaker 1: I guess that's I spoiled it, but yes they are.

475
00:30:13,840 --> 00:30:21,800
Speaker 1: So chimpanzees create their own time release capsules. So I

476
00:30:21,800 --> 00:30:25,080
Speaker 1: I know about chimpanzee intelligence. I mean, like I'm not,

477
00:30:25,560 --> 00:30:28,640
Speaker 1: you know, Jane Goodall, but I'm quite aware of how

478
00:30:28,680 --> 00:30:34,800
Speaker 1: smart they are. But this surprised me. This seems just insane,

479
00:30:34,960 --> 00:30:41,280
Speaker 1: incredibly smart. So chimpanzees will carefully select the leaves of

480
00:30:41,400 --> 00:30:46,800
Speaker 1: the Aspilia flower and instead of just eating them like normal,

481
00:30:46,960 --> 00:30:50,280
Speaker 1: they will roll them around in their mouths until they

482
00:30:50,360 --> 00:30:55,040
Speaker 1: form a pill and swallow them whole. So they will

483
00:30:55,080 --> 00:31:00,800
Speaker 1: do this sometimes up to thirty times over to minute period,

484
00:31:02,040 --> 00:31:07,280
Speaker 1: which when researchers noticed this, it's like, well, okay, this

485
00:31:07,400 --> 00:31:09,360
Speaker 1: has to be something that there has to be some

486
00:31:09,440 --> 00:31:12,680
Speaker 1: significance to this because they're wild about it. And it

487
00:31:12,720 --> 00:31:15,400
Speaker 1: turns out that the leaves have an oil in it

488
00:31:15,480 --> 00:31:19,920
Speaker 1: that works as an antibiotic and could help kill harmful

489
00:31:20,120 --> 00:31:25,160
Speaker 1: gut bacteria. And the most interesting part about this is

490
00:31:25,200 --> 00:31:27,200
Speaker 1: that they don't just eat the leaves hole. They don't

491
00:31:27,240 --> 00:31:29,960
Speaker 1: just like chew up the leaves and eat them. Uh.

492
00:31:30,000 --> 00:31:33,920
Speaker 1: The fact that they roll them into pills means that

493
00:31:34,000 --> 00:31:37,200
Speaker 1: they don't get digested immediately, so they don't get all

494
00:31:37,240 --> 00:31:41,480
Speaker 1: broken up inside their tommies. The leaves actually go through

495
00:31:41,520 --> 00:31:47,520
Speaker 1: their gut partially undigested, so that antibiotic oil is released

496
00:31:47,640 --> 00:31:51,040
Speaker 1: in the digestive tract rather than all in the stomach,

497
00:31:51,560 --> 00:31:56,080
Speaker 1: and this may help alleviate intestinal distress and cramping, which

498
00:31:56,160 --> 00:32:01,240
Speaker 1: is I mean, it's it's bonkers. I don't even know, like,

499
00:32:01,600 --> 00:32:04,960
Speaker 1: how does any I don't want to get science sometimes

500
00:32:05,160 --> 00:32:11,240
Speaker 1: or like insect life, Like, what is happening having these

501
00:32:11,280 --> 00:32:17,080
Speaker 1: are chimpanzees. I don't want to clarify the insects I

502
00:32:17,160 --> 00:32:19,680
Speaker 1: call them. Sorry, I don't know why I said insect

503
00:32:19,720 --> 00:32:22,600
Speaker 1: I just met animals in general and said insects because

504
00:32:22,680 --> 00:32:26,320
Speaker 1: that's what my brain is at. I do love insects. Um,

505
00:32:26,440 --> 00:32:29,280
Speaker 1: so you know, and we are going to talk about

506
00:32:29,480 --> 00:32:33,240
Speaker 1: we are going to talk about actually questions since we're sorry,

507
00:32:33,280 --> 00:32:36,520
Speaker 1: I don't I always think insects when I'm talking to you.

508
00:32:37,040 --> 00:32:41,200
Speaker 1: But when okay, because I'm going to take it as

509
00:32:42,720 --> 00:32:47,280
Speaker 1: with the chimpanzees. Um, if we are not or I mean,

510
00:32:47,320 --> 00:32:51,080
Speaker 1: if we are not, I mean like evolutioniary we come

511
00:32:51,200 --> 00:32:56,880
Speaker 1: from a little evolution. I literally, yeah, evolution, we come

512
00:32:56,960 --> 00:33:02,200
Speaker 1: from primates. Is this something we lost along the way?

513
00:33:02,280 --> 00:33:05,400
Speaker 1: The ability to make medicine? Have you ever been to

514
00:33:05,560 --> 00:33:08,040
Speaker 1: a doctor? I mean, I guess, but I guess. Is

515
00:33:08,080 --> 00:33:11,520
Speaker 1: my body like still continuing to do that? I don't know.

516
00:33:11,880 --> 00:33:13,920
Speaker 1: Here's the thing, Katie, I don't know what's going on

517
00:33:13,960 --> 00:33:16,800
Speaker 1: in my body because I compartmentalized. I can't. I don't

518
00:33:16,800 --> 00:33:19,360
Speaker 1: have the time to think about these things. I mean,

519
00:33:19,480 --> 00:33:22,720
Speaker 1: like the fact, I mean we didn't evolve from chimpanzees.

520
00:33:22,760 --> 00:33:26,720
Speaker 1: They're a cousin basically of ours. We have a common ancestor.

521
00:33:26,840 --> 00:33:29,920
Speaker 1: But the fact that chimpanzees seem to be able to

522
00:33:30,960 --> 00:33:36,160
Speaker 1: create a medicine for themselves, uh, does make it a

523
00:33:36,200 --> 00:33:40,840
Speaker 1: little more understandable how we have been like as a

524
00:33:40,880 --> 00:33:45,720
Speaker 1: species of private that has become even more I mean

525
00:33:45,760 --> 00:33:50,440
Speaker 1: this is that like our red blood cell, red red

526
00:33:50,440 --> 00:33:52,600
Speaker 1: blood cells, Like how our red blood cells will come

527
00:33:52,600 --> 00:33:55,239
Speaker 1: and like cover a scab or something. Is that like

528
00:33:55,360 --> 00:34:00,800
Speaker 1: creating this And I'm sorry, I'm so dumb. It's I

529
00:34:00,840 --> 00:34:04,840
Speaker 1: mean that is that is our bodies healing on a

530
00:34:04,920 --> 00:34:08,239
Speaker 1: microscopic level, and it doesn't have much to do with

531
00:34:08,239 --> 00:34:14,799
Speaker 1: our behavior, but the it's the fact that these chimpanzees

532
00:34:14,840 --> 00:34:21,160
Speaker 1: seem to But probably they're consuming these leaves because and

533
00:34:21,280 --> 00:34:23,960
Speaker 1: doing it in this specific way because they have learned

534
00:34:24,600 --> 00:34:28,520
Speaker 1: over many years that this feels the best. So like

535
00:34:28,760 --> 00:34:32,839
Speaker 1: they maybe they'll have some cramping or tummy upset, and

536
00:34:32,920 --> 00:34:36,040
Speaker 1: they have learned that when they swallow these like roll

537
00:34:36,120 --> 00:34:38,359
Speaker 1: these leaves up into a ball and swallow them whole,

538
00:34:38,960 --> 00:34:43,280
Speaker 1: that it actually makes their tummies feel better, which is incredible,

539
00:34:43,680 --> 00:34:47,800
Speaker 1: and it does make it a lot clearer how humans

540
00:34:48,000 --> 00:34:50,840
Speaker 1: have been able to innovate so much in such a

541
00:34:50,840 --> 00:34:53,560
Speaker 1: short period of time because we have human kind has

542
00:34:53,600 --> 00:34:58,359
Speaker 1: only been around for uh you know, like we we've

543
00:34:58,440 --> 00:35:01,200
Speaker 1: we're basically a flash and the pan compared to a

544
00:35:01,200 --> 00:35:03,160
Speaker 1: lot of other species who have been around many more

545
00:35:03,160 --> 00:35:06,000
Speaker 1: millions of years than we have. But yeah, the fact

546
00:35:06,040 --> 00:35:09,359
Speaker 1: that chimpanzees can come up with this method of being

547
00:35:09,360 --> 00:35:12,240
Speaker 1: able to create these pills, then it's like, Okay, yeah,

548
00:35:12,440 --> 00:35:17,520
Speaker 1: chimpanzees are really smart. So humans being able to create

549
00:35:17,600 --> 00:35:19,919
Speaker 1: modern medicine that kind of makes sense. And in fact,

550
00:35:20,000 --> 00:35:25,640
Speaker 1: actually humans have used the same leaves that these chimpanzees use,

551
00:35:26,040 --> 00:35:31,160
Speaker 1: the S. A. S. Billia leaves uh for some similar purpose.

552
00:35:31,360 --> 00:35:35,040
Speaker 1: In central and eastern tropical Africa, it has been used

553
00:35:35,040 --> 00:35:39,239
Speaker 1: for stomach aches, minstrel cramps, and malaria. And what's it

554
00:35:39,400 --> 00:35:44,080
Speaker 1: really interesting is that, like humans obviously discovered the positive

555
00:35:44,120 --> 00:35:48,400
Speaker 1: effects of this plant on minstrel cramps and chimpanzees. It

556
00:35:48,520 --> 00:35:53,160
Speaker 1: seems that females actually consume this plant more than males do,

557
00:35:53,719 --> 00:35:57,279
Speaker 1: and chimpanzees, being related primates, are one of the only

558
00:35:57,320 --> 00:36:02,120
Speaker 1: other animals that minstroid like humans do. Yeah, so they're like,

559
00:36:02,600 --> 00:36:05,000
Speaker 1: got a cramp, better eat the leaves. Also is this

560
00:36:05,080 --> 00:36:08,239
Speaker 1: is kind of like holistic medicine, right, yeah, yeah, And

561
00:36:08,280 --> 00:36:12,239
Speaker 1: I mean, you know, I'm a big proponent of of

562
00:36:12,320 --> 00:36:17,480
Speaker 1: science and medicine, but there are a lot of medicines

563
00:36:17,600 --> 00:36:21,120
Speaker 1: out there that come you know, come from nature, that

564
00:36:21,320 --> 00:36:26,320
Speaker 1: are effective. It's just I think like it's tricky because

565
00:36:26,680 --> 00:36:30,439
Speaker 1: the world of holistic medicine often kind of praise upon

566
00:36:30,880 --> 00:36:33,839
Speaker 1: some not being kind of naive, right, so they'll try

567
00:36:33,920 --> 00:36:37,080
Speaker 1: to sell you something that is essentially snake oil that

568
00:36:37,160 --> 00:36:41,280
Speaker 1: doesn't work. But that doesn't mean that there aren't things

569
00:36:41,400 --> 00:36:44,240
Speaker 1: out there that. I mean, a lot of our medicine

570
00:36:44,280 --> 00:36:48,719
Speaker 1: actually originated from the natural world, like aspir and I

571
00:36:48,760 --> 00:36:54,960
Speaker 1: believe originated from tree like a tree bark kind of chemical.

572
00:36:55,120 --> 00:36:57,480
Speaker 1: So so there are a lot of things in the

573
00:36:57,560 --> 00:37:02,520
Speaker 1: natural world that that can work is medicine. Uh and

574
00:37:02,520 --> 00:37:05,160
Speaker 1: and you know, but it it is too bad because

575
00:37:05,160 --> 00:37:07,240
Speaker 1: I think that a lot of that has become watered

576
00:37:07,239 --> 00:37:10,799
Speaker 1: down by basically like if someone is trying to sell

577
00:37:10,840 --> 00:37:14,560
Speaker 1: you something like sell you like some kind of natural remedy,

578
00:37:14,640 --> 00:37:16,840
Speaker 1: and they don't have to prove to you that it works,

579
00:37:16,920 --> 00:37:19,600
Speaker 1: then it you know, it's just kind of a it

580
00:37:19,640 --> 00:37:23,280
Speaker 1: can be difficult to find things that are actually tested

581
00:37:23,320 --> 00:37:28,640
Speaker 1: and actually do work. Do you think chimpanzees are anti vacs?

582
00:37:28,960 --> 00:37:34,560
Speaker 1: Is my question? Yeah, you know, I'd like to say no,

583
00:37:35,680 --> 00:37:39,680
Speaker 1: But those little rascals I could also see them. I mean,

584
00:37:39,800 --> 00:37:42,960
Speaker 1: like they like to throw their own poops, So I'm

585
00:37:43,000 --> 00:37:45,719
Speaker 1: not going to say they don't necessarily go on Facebook,

586
00:37:45,880 --> 00:37:49,200
Speaker 1: you know what I mean? Oh, yeah, you're yeah, Yeah,

587
00:37:49,360 --> 00:37:51,719
Speaker 1: you're right. I mean I don't even. I guess it's

588
00:37:51,719 --> 00:37:54,279
Speaker 1: hard to say with an animal or primate to be like,

589
00:37:54,920 --> 00:37:57,440
Speaker 1: are they anti VAXX just because they eat leaves that

590
00:37:57,520 --> 00:38:03,640
Speaker 1: heal their tummy aches? Yeah, I mean, one hand, I don't.

591
00:38:04,280 --> 00:38:08,359
Speaker 1: I don't know. I mean again, like, chimpanzees did not

592
00:38:08,480 --> 00:38:11,920
Speaker 1: invent Facebook, so it seems a little unfair to pin

593
00:38:12,000 --> 00:38:16,920
Speaker 1: this all on them, uh because like, if they invented Facebook,

594
00:38:16,960 --> 00:38:22,560
Speaker 1: it would probably be mostly more based on smelling each

595
00:38:22,560 --> 00:38:27,319
Speaker 1: other's like but and stuff like that, so which would

596
00:38:27,320 --> 00:38:31,760
Speaker 1: be an improvement. I think. Sorry, I was just imagining

597
00:38:31,800 --> 00:38:36,640
Speaker 1: a chimpanzee Facebook page. Uh, yeah, me too all the time.

598
00:38:37,080 --> 00:38:42,520
Speaker 1: If I came across a chimpanzees profile on Facebook, I

599
00:38:42,719 --> 00:38:45,200
Speaker 1: don't think I would be that shocked. And I was

600
00:38:45,280 --> 00:38:48,880
Speaker 1: also thinking this is a slight tangent, but like, and

601
00:38:49,000 --> 00:38:52,880
Speaker 1: this is also maybe a dad joke, and so I

602
00:38:52,920 --> 00:38:55,719
Speaker 1: don't actually apologize. I'm not sorry for it, but I

603
00:38:55,760 --> 00:38:59,400
Speaker 1: am going to say it would Facebook for dogs be

604
00:38:59,520 --> 00:39:03,320
Speaker 1: like butt book Facebook for dogs, because you're just sniffing butts,

605
00:39:04,120 --> 00:39:09,000
Speaker 1: right exactly, Yeah, that's you know, that'd be better anyways.

606
00:39:09,520 --> 00:39:15,120
Speaker 1: So maybe, like, lest you think that medicine is something

607
00:39:15,200 --> 00:39:18,600
Speaker 1: that only a smart animal like a chimp can figure out,

608
00:39:19,160 --> 00:39:22,560
Speaker 1: even a dumb little caterpillar can engage in a bit

609
00:39:22,560 --> 00:39:27,160
Speaker 1: of pharmacology. So this is really interesting because it is

610
00:39:27,280 --> 00:39:32,400
Speaker 1: pointing towards the use of natural medicine as being something

611
00:39:32,400 --> 00:39:36,040
Speaker 1: that doesn't require a lot of cognition but could just

612
00:39:36,200 --> 00:39:41,719
Speaker 1: evolve in an animal's instincts, like something like a caterpillar.

613
00:39:42,000 --> 00:39:45,440
Speaker 1: So you may be aware if you are a listener

614
00:39:45,480 --> 00:39:50,280
Speaker 1: of the show that caterpillars, those poor gooey little babies,

615
00:39:50,840 --> 00:39:55,359
Speaker 1: often contend with some real nasty parasites, So you may

616
00:39:55,440 --> 00:39:59,480
Speaker 1: know of things like parasitoid wasps who lay their eggs

617
00:39:59,600 --> 00:40:03,120
Speaker 1: inside out of caterpillars and then all of these larva

618
00:40:03,239 --> 00:40:06,160
Speaker 1: burst out of the poor larva in the hundreds like

619
00:40:06,320 --> 00:40:10,759
Speaker 1: some kind of pinata designed by Ridley Scott. It's horrifying.

620
00:40:11,400 --> 00:40:17,000
Speaker 1: Caterpillars are very vulnerable to parasites, and so it is

621
00:40:17,160 --> 00:40:22,080
Speaker 1: reasonable that natural selection would favor caterpillars who build defenses

622
00:40:22,200 --> 00:40:27,239
Speaker 1: against parasites and wooly bear caterpillars who are found in

623
00:40:27,280 --> 00:40:31,400
Speaker 1: the United States in southern Canada. They're adult form is

624
00:40:31,680 --> 00:40:36,480
Speaker 1: a tiger moth. Well, these wooly bear caterpillars will eat

625
00:40:36,800 --> 00:40:42,399
Speaker 1: toxic plants when they have parasites, which seems to be

626
00:40:42,480 --> 00:40:47,880
Speaker 1: the caterpillars instinctive way to rid themselves of potentially deadly

627
00:40:48,200 --> 00:40:52,319
Speaker 1: indo parasites of parasites that are inside of them. So

628
00:40:53,040 --> 00:40:58,319
Speaker 1: the technid fly will lay its eggs into the poor

629
00:40:58,400 --> 00:41:02,480
Speaker 1: caterpillar's body and this can be lethal as the fly

630
00:41:02,640 --> 00:41:08,480
Speaker 1: larva will take over the caterpillar's body. And researchers found

631
00:41:08,719 --> 00:41:12,880
Speaker 1: that wooly bear caterpillars will eat plants that contain a

632
00:41:13,000 --> 00:41:18,799
Speaker 1: toxic alkaloid more when they have a parasite. So when

633
00:41:18,840 --> 00:41:22,840
Speaker 1: they eat this and they're not parasitized, it can actually

634
00:41:23,239 --> 00:41:25,759
Speaker 1: be a bad thing. So like too much of this

635
00:41:25,880 --> 00:41:31,239
Speaker 1: alkaloid plant actually will hurt the caterpillar. But when they

636
00:41:31,440 --> 00:41:34,759
Speaker 1: have a parasite, they will eat as much as they

637
00:41:34,840 --> 00:41:39,640
Speaker 1: can without actually hurt harming themselves, because it is worth

638
00:41:40,080 --> 00:41:43,319
Speaker 1: the potential harm that the alkaloid is having on the

639
00:41:43,360 --> 00:41:45,960
Speaker 1: caterpillar to get rid of the parasite. It's sort of

640
00:41:46,000 --> 00:41:50,279
Speaker 1: like how chemotherapy works in humans, where it's not an

641
00:41:50,320 --> 00:41:53,960
Speaker 1: ideal treatment for someone because it hurts your own body,

642
00:41:54,000 --> 00:41:57,600
Speaker 1: but the cancer is bad enough that it is worth

643
00:41:57,840 --> 00:42:02,239
Speaker 1: the cost of using that that chemotherapy. So the fact

644
00:42:02,320 --> 00:42:06,319
Speaker 1: that caterpillars have this figure it out, that they will

645
00:42:06,360 --> 00:42:09,600
Speaker 1: eat this toxic plant to get rid of this parasite

646
00:42:10,440 --> 00:42:15,279
Speaker 1: is really incredible. That is I mean, how do they

647
00:42:16,880 --> 00:42:20,680
Speaker 1: I like never understand like how an animal, insect being

648
00:42:21,480 --> 00:42:24,280
Speaker 1: and I guess not human being can eat something toxic

649
00:42:27,239 --> 00:42:32,360
Speaker 1: and survive. But it's yeah, chemicals are fascinating to me.

650
00:42:32,440 --> 00:42:34,720
Speaker 1: I didn't do well in chemistry, so I don't fully

651
00:42:34,800 --> 00:42:38,759
Speaker 1: understand like like why certain things are toxic for like

652
00:42:38,920 --> 00:42:43,360
Speaker 1: pets like dogs, but not for us humans you know. Yeah, no,

653
00:42:43,520 --> 00:42:46,879
Speaker 1: So that's really interesting. So something that is toxic, right,

654
00:42:47,640 --> 00:42:50,319
Speaker 1: you can eat something that's toxic and it might not

655
00:42:50,400 --> 00:42:54,480
Speaker 1: necessarily hurt you or it might kill you. Technically, alcohol

656
00:42:55,600 --> 00:42:59,359
Speaker 1: is sort of somewhat toxic, but we can have that

657
00:42:59,480 --> 00:43:05,240
Speaker 1: and moderate amounts responsible amounts um if you're an adult

658
00:43:05,320 --> 00:43:10,080
Speaker 1: of legal drinking age. So this is such a like

659
00:43:11,080 --> 00:43:16,640
Speaker 1: rules following podcast. I know, I know, I do have

660
00:43:16,719 --> 00:43:19,839
Speaker 1: a lawyer that's constantly whispering in my ear, like you

661
00:43:19,920 --> 00:43:22,240
Speaker 1: cannot tell them to eat their own poop. You cannot

662
00:43:22,280 --> 00:43:25,120
Speaker 1: do that. A lot of nose, A lot of nose

663
00:43:25,600 --> 00:43:30,799
Speaker 1: coming from my lawyer. But so that is a really

664
00:43:30,840 --> 00:43:33,799
Speaker 1: interesting question. So like why are things like toxic to

665
00:43:34,080 --> 00:43:37,520
Speaker 1: some animals and not to others, Well, it can have

666
00:43:37,680 --> 00:43:41,920
Speaker 1: to do with the So basically like uh, say, something

667
00:43:41,960 --> 00:43:45,760
Speaker 1: like chocolate is toxic for dogs but not for humans.

668
00:43:45,840 --> 00:43:51,600
Speaker 1: Usually comes down to the dogs having different structures in

669
00:43:51,760 --> 00:43:56,840
Speaker 1: their cells where something from chocolate will maybe bind to

670
00:43:57,120 --> 00:44:01,160
Speaker 1: a receptor or bind to something on a dog's cell,

671
00:44:01,239 --> 00:44:04,840
Speaker 1: but not a humans. That will cause problems for the

672
00:44:04,920 --> 00:44:08,400
Speaker 1: dog but not for a human. Yeah, it's it usually

673
00:44:08,440 --> 00:44:14,560
Speaker 1: comes down to microbiology. So like whether a molecule, because

674
00:44:14,600 --> 00:44:17,120
Speaker 1: like the way that like toxins will interact with the butt,

675
00:44:17,160 --> 00:44:19,240
Speaker 1: which we're actually going to talk about in the next section,

676
00:44:19,680 --> 00:44:22,920
Speaker 1: is often down to this molecular level. Well, it's always

677
00:44:22,960 --> 00:44:26,200
Speaker 1: down to this molecular level where it may bind to

678
00:44:26,400 --> 00:44:31,719
Speaker 1: something or interfere with some microscopic process, and when that

679
00:44:31,880 --> 00:44:35,799
Speaker 1: is done on a large scale, it really messes you up.

680
00:44:35,880 --> 00:44:38,880
Speaker 1: So like, for instance, you can have some soy sauce

681
00:44:39,960 --> 00:44:43,920
Speaker 1: um and it's fine, it's actually delicious. But if you

682
00:44:43,960 --> 00:44:46,319
Speaker 1: try to drink a whole bottle of soy sauce, you

683
00:44:46,400 --> 00:44:51,240
Speaker 1: can die because that's yes, because that's way too much salt.

684
00:44:52,000 --> 00:44:55,799
Speaker 1: And the salt, that amount of salt can interfere with

685
00:44:56,080 --> 00:45:00,719
Speaker 1: the ion channels in your brain. And something else can

686
00:45:00,719 --> 00:45:05,439
Speaker 1: actually interfere with the ion channels in your brain. And uh,

687
00:45:05,480 --> 00:45:07,800
Speaker 1: we're actually going to talk about that after the break.

688
00:45:08,360 --> 00:45:20,080
Speaker 1: A whole bottle of soy sauce incredible. Well, have you

689
00:45:20,160 --> 00:45:25,920
Speaker 1: been bitten by a funnel web spider? I don't. You

690
00:45:25,960 --> 00:45:29,640
Speaker 1: would probably know, you know, I don't think so. So

691
00:45:32,880 --> 00:45:35,960
Speaker 1: I want to talk about a few things the ion

692
00:45:36,080 --> 00:45:40,200
Speaker 1: channels in the brain, which don't worry. Sounds sounds scary

693
00:45:40,280 --> 00:45:43,480
Speaker 1: to talk about, but it'll all be clear soon. It

694
00:45:43,560 --> 00:45:46,040
Speaker 1: all has to do with soy sauce. It actually doesn't

695
00:45:46,120 --> 00:45:50,880
Speaker 1: have too much. It's marginally related to soy sauce. Basically,

696
00:45:51,040 --> 00:45:55,760
Speaker 1: sometimes humans have to learn from animal biology to develop

697
00:45:55,800 --> 00:46:00,680
Speaker 1: our own medicine, and sometimes from the most surprising sources.

698
00:46:00,760 --> 00:46:05,239
Speaker 1: So when we think of something like spider venom, it

699
00:46:05,360 --> 00:46:09,319
Speaker 1: seems like absolutely bad news and something that should be

700
00:46:09,400 --> 00:46:14,960
Speaker 1: avoided at all costs. Turning spider venom into medicine, especially

701
00:46:15,080 --> 00:46:18,600
Speaker 1: the venom of deadly spiders such as that of the

702
00:46:18,640 --> 00:46:25,520
Speaker 1: funnel web spider, seems kind of irresponsible, but it's actually responsible.

703
00:46:25,680 --> 00:46:32,040
Speaker 1: Is wait, no, no? Sorry? Responsible? Responsible? Responsible? Is that

704
00:46:32,080 --> 00:46:35,960
Speaker 1: like in the middle of your responsible and responsible is like, well,

705
00:46:36,000 --> 00:46:39,920
Speaker 1: I guess that's responsible. You know, it's not like responsible,

706
00:46:40,239 --> 00:46:44,399
Speaker 1: but it's not irresponsible. You know, eating a cookie. It's

707
00:46:44,440 --> 00:46:50,280
Speaker 1: not irresponsible, but it's not responsible, So it's responsible responsible anyways,

708
00:46:50,480 --> 00:46:55,600
Speaker 1: so venoms, the very thing that makes funnel web spider

709
00:46:55,680 --> 00:47:01,440
Speaker 1: venom deadly, may actually save lives. So Venoms often work

710
00:47:01,640 --> 00:47:06,480
Speaker 1: by interfering with the functioning of cells, including brain cells,

711
00:47:06,640 --> 00:47:10,719
Speaker 1: by messing with ion channels. So this is something that

712
00:47:10,880 --> 00:47:13,640
Speaker 1: I we were just talking about with like why you

713
00:47:13,640 --> 00:47:17,319
Speaker 1: shouldn't chuck soy sauce, And the way that things can

714
00:47:17,360 --> 00:47:20,960
Speaker 1: be toxic is that one of the ways is it

715
00:47:21,080 --> 00:47:26,040
Speaker 1: will mess with ion channels and cells. So ion channels

716
00:47:26,080 --> 00:47:30,080
Speaker 1: are structures along the membranes of cells that allow for

717
00:47:30,120 --> 00:47:34,280
Speaker 1: the flow of sodium ions in and out of the cell.

718
00:47:34,880 --> 00:47:38,760
Speaker 1: So I Matt, it's just basically like a gate keeper.

719
00:47:39,000 --> 00:47:41,359
Speaker 1: It's like, hey, you're sodium ion. Maybe you'll come in,

720
00:47:41,480 --> 00:47:44,879
Speaker 1: maybe you can go out, but that gate is that

721
00:47:45,000 --> 00:47:47,759
Speaker 1: channel is determining whether you go in and out of

722
00:47:47,800 --> 00:47:53,040
Speaker 1: the cell. And in the brain, sodium ion channels can

723
00:47:53,080 --> 00:47:58,080
Speaker 1: control the activation of neurons, so you will have it's

724
00:47:58,080 --> 00:48:02,040
Speaker 1: basically I mean, it's just basically Domino's effect where you

725
00:48:02,080 --> 00:48:06,400
Speaker 1: will have a Domino's effect of uh, sodium ion channels

726
00:48:06,440 --> 00:48:11,759
Speaker 1: that will end up triggering the neuron to fire. So

727
00:48:12,080 --> 00:48:15,359
Speaker 1: have you ever seen, like on YouTube or wherever, one

728
00:48:15,360 --> 00:48:17,239
Speaker 1: of these things where people will set up a bunch

729
00:48:17,239 --> 00:48:20,440
Speaker 1: of dominoes and then sort of these like miss like

730
00:48:20,480 --> 00:48:24,239
Speaker 1: a Rube Goldberg machine, where like it hits a domino

731
00:48:24,320 --> 00:48:26,239
Speaker 1: and then that hits a marble and that goes down

732
00:48:26,239 --> 00:48:30,719
Speaker 1: a ramp and that hits a thing. That's essentially how

733
00:48:31,960 --> 00:48:34,879
Speaker 1: I mean, they're mesmerizing, and that's essentially how sales work.

734
00:48:35,600 --> 00:48:39,200
Speaker 1: It's I mean, like when you look at these diagrams

735
00:48:39,239 --> 00:48:41,640
Speaker 1: of like how sales work, it can be very intimidating,

736
00:48:41,640 --> 00:48:44,879
Speaker 1: but essentially it's just a marble hitting a ramp hitting

737
00:48:44,880 --> 00:48:49,600
Speaker 1: another thing. But these are molecules interacting. So when you

738
00:48:49,640 --> 00:48:53,719
Speaker 1: are bitten by something that has a venom that interferes

739
00:48:53,760 --> 00:48:58,040
Speaker 1: with ion channel functioning, this can be very bad because

740
00:48:58,080 --> 00:49:01,680
Speaker 1: it can interfere with your brain functioning or self functioning,

741
00:49:01,840 --> 00:49:04,360
Speaker 1: which can be bad for the body or even deadly.

742
00:49:05,080 --> 00:49:08,880
Speaker 1: But and this is a huge butt, being able to

743
00:49:09,040 --> 00:49:14,160
Speaker 1: manipulate ion channel functioning could actually have a positive use

744
00:49:14,239 --> 00:49:17,759
Speaker 1: for human health, especially in the case of stroke. So,

745
00:49:18,680 --> 00:49:21,280
Speaker 1: you know how he's talking about, how like the ion channel.

746
00:49:21,960 --> 00:49:25,279
Speaker 1: You know, it's like it let's sodium ions in and

747
00:49:25,320 --> 00:49:29,960
Speaker 1: out of the cell. There are certain ion channels that

748
00:49:30,080 --> 00:49:34,920
Speaker 1: will actually detect the acidity in the brain, the peach

749
00:49:35,080 --> 00:49:40,040
Speaker 1: level and the brain. And so being able to manipulate

750
00:49:40,760 --> 00:49:46,000
Speaker 1: uh self functioning can be really useful in medicine because

751
00:49:46,040 --> 00:49:50,520
Speaker 1: sometimes something traumatic will happen to the body that your

752
00:49:50,520 --> 00:49:53,920
Speaker 1: cells aren't really prepared for. So like the normal functioning

753
00:49:53,960 --> 00:49:57,840
Speaker 1: of the cell suddenly becomes a danger to your body.

754
00:49:57,920 --> 00:50:00,520
Speaker 1: So this is something that can happen during stroke or

755
00:50:00,560 --> 00:50:04,719
Speaker 1: traumatic brain injury where your brain is suddenly like has

756
00:50:04,760 --> 00:50:08,920
Speaker 1: a massive brain bleed, UH, and your cells will respond

757
00:50:09,080 --> 00:50:12,520
Speaker 1: in a way that may actually cause more damage and

758
00:50:12,520 --> 00:50:15,080
Speaker 1: they don't realize that they're just functioning how a cell

759
00:50:15,160 --> 00:50:18,080
Speaker 1: is supposed to function. But they do not they have

760
00:50:18,120 --> 00:50:21,000
Speaker 1: no capacity to realize like, oh, hey, this is a

761
00:50:21,080 --> 00:50:25,120
Speaker 1: stroke situation. We shouldn't be acting this way, and so

762
00:50:25,719 --> 00:50:30,400
Speaker 1: using spider venom that interferes with the functioning of brain

763
00:50:30,440 --> 00:50:33,439
Speaker 1: cells normally a bad thing. I'm not saying you should

764
00:50:33,520 --> 00:50:36,120
Speaker 1: let yourself get bitten in the face by a funnel

765
00:50:36,160 --> 00:50:40,399
Speaker 1: web spider. Don't do that. Uh So, I mean, if

766
00:50:40,440 --> 00:50:43,480
Speaker 1: you live in Australia, you probably already know that this

767
00:50:43,560 --> 00:50:47,280
Speaker 1: is where these guys are from. It seems like, yeah,

768
00:50:47,400 --> 00:50:51,080
Speaker 1: it's like a good bet anytime, uh there's like a

769
00:50:51,160 --> 00:50:55,239
Speaker 1: deadly spider or something Australia. I think I'm just gonna

770
00:50:55,280 --> 00:51:01,960
Speaker 1: put that out there. But so they are. Yeah, Australia.

771
00:51:02,320 --> 00:51:04,719
Speaker 1: I love you guys, I really do. You have some

772
00:51:04,760 --> 00:51:09,719
Speaker 1: of the most amazing animals, But I it is like,

773
00:51:09,960 --> 00:51:15,200
Speaker 1: and I love spiders, but god damn, Australia, your spiders

774
00:51:15,200 --> 00:51:17,680
Speaker 1: are something else. I have some cousins in Australia that

775
00:51:17,719 --> 00:51:20,759
Speaker 1: we're supposed to go visit. My dad always goes you

776
00:51:20,760 --> 00:51:23,399
Speaker 1: want to go to Australia where the animals will kill

777
00:51:23,440 --> 00:51:26,120
Speaker 1: you in the streets. I'm like, well, I don't think

778
00:51:26,120 --> 00:51:31,560
Speaker 1: it's what my dad always says that. And I'm always like,

779
00:51:31,560 --> 00:51:33,759
Speaker 1: I don't know what you think Australia is like, but

780
00:51:34,239 --> 00:51:38,200
Speaker 1: he might happen animals will just kill you in the streets.

781
00:51:39,360 --> 00:51:45,520
Speaker 1: I don't think that generally happens now. Funnel web spiders

782
00:51:45,560 --> 00:51:49,359
Speaker 1: do live in Australia. There are They are burrowing spiders.

783
00:51:50,120 --> 00:51:53,560
Speaker 1: They are kind of meaty spiders. They're not the hugest

784
00:51:53,600 --> 00:51:55,680
Speaker 1: spiders I've ever seen there, you know, they kind of

785
00:51:55,719 --> 00:51:59,760
Speaker 1: like maybe fit in your palm, but they're kind of meaty,

786
00:51:59,840 --> 00:52:03,160
Speaker 1: you know what I mean. Like, they're bulky, and they

787
00:52:03,640 --> 00:52:06,759
Speaker 1: can be deadly to humans. They have venom that have

788
00:52:06,920 --> 00:52:12,040
Speaker 1: the capacity to capacity to kill a human. However, we

789
00:52:12,160 --> 00:52:16,840
Speaker 1: have anti venom and treatments that make them not fatal.

790
00:52:16,880 --> 00:52:19,760
Speaker 1: So it's typically speaking, people do not die from funnel

791
00:52:19,800 --> 00:52:23,719
Speaker 1: love spiders bites, which is good. And so your dad

792
00:52:23,760 --> 00:52:26,799
Speaker 1: can go to Australia, you know, Yeah, let's clip this

793
00:52:26,880 --> 00:52:32,840
Speaker 1: and send it to him because he's weird about Australia. Yeah,

794
00:52:32,920 --> 00:52:36,920
Speaker 1: and these spiders actually may have a wonderful use for

795
00:52:37,160 --> 00:52:40,000
Speaker 1: medicine in addition to just being cool spiders. I think

796
00:52:40,040 --> 00:52:42,920
Speaker 1: spiders are great. Just because they're a little scary does

797
00:52:43,040 --> 00:52:45,040
Speaker 1: mean we should hate them and try to burn them

798
00:52:45,040 --> 00:52:47,640
Speaker 1: all down. They're they're they're cool guys. They're just living

799
00:52:47,680 --> 00:52:50,719
Speaker 1: their lives. We should let them, let them, let them

800
00:52:50,840 --> 00:52:55,680
Speaker 1: live their little spider lives happily. But they do. Their

801
00:52:55,760 --> 00:53:00,680
Speaker 1: venom could offer us some really interesting breakthroughs in medicine.

802
00:53:00,760 --> 00:53:05,040
Speaker 1: So there is a specific chemical found in the funnel

803
00:53:05,120 --> 00:53:09,600
Speaker 1: Web spider that could potentially help treat strokes. So this

804
00:53:09,680 --> 00:53:14,440
Speaker 1: molecule is called h I one a, which kind of

805
00:53:14,440 --> 00:53:17,239
Speaker 1: when I look at it looks like HIA. So I'm

806
00:53:17,280 --> 00:53:20,320
Speaker 1: just gonna call it the high a molecule like HIA,

807
00:53:21,040 --> 00:53:24,360
Speaker 1: the Howdy molecule. Uh. It is a molecule found in

808
00:53:24,400 --> 00:53:29,920
Speaker 1: the spider's venom, and it may actually help shield neurons

809
00:53:30,000 --> 00:53:35,400
Speaker 1: from damage after blood loss during a stroke or traumatic

810
00:53:35,440 --> 00:53:41,239
Speaker 1: brain injury. And so I will explain how this happens. Now,

811
00:53:41,400 --> 00:53:46,080
Speaker 1: I am not necessarily a molecular biologist and all no,

812
00:53:46,200 --> 00:53:50,680
Speaker 1: I'm gonna say I'm definitely not a molecular biletist. I

813
00:53:50,719 --> 00:53:53,960
Speaker 1: think I would know, and I'm not, But I will

814
00:53:54,000 --> 00:53:58,960
Speaker 1: try to explain this. It is basically, there are ion

815
00:53:59,120 --> 00:54:02,640
Speaker 1: channels in urns, the these cells in your brain that

816
00:54:02,680 --> 00:54:06,440
Speaker 1: help you think good UM, and these ion channels that

817
00:54:06,480 --> 00:54:11,280
Speaker 1: are in your neurons can detect they're they're called acid

818
00:54:11,400 --> 00:54:17,520
Speaker 1: sensing ion channels. Basically, the way these these channels are

819
00:54:17,560 --> 00:54:22,719
Speaker 1: controlled as whether they sense a drop in uh pH

820
00:54:23,000 --> 00:54:30,040
Speaker 1: of acidity levels in the surrounding area. So when these

821
00:54:30,360 --> 00:54:33,799
Speaker 1: acid sensing ion channels, like imagine a little it's like

822
00:54:33,880 --> 00:54:37,000
Speaker 1: these a little gate and a little guard at the gate,

823
00:54:37,080 --> 00:54:40,040
Speaker 1: it's going like, hey, what the heck The acid level

824
00:54:40,200 --> 00:54:42,840
Speaker 1: is just dropped. The pH level has just dropped in

825
00:54:42,880 --> 00:54:49,480
Speaker 1: the brain. That's weird. And so they uh allow an

826
00:54:49,560 --> 00:54:53,600
Speaker 1: influx of calcium into the neuron to try to make

827
00:54:53,719 --> 00:54:58,320
Speaker 1: up for the drop in pH. And under normal circumstances

828
00:54:58,360 --> 00:55:01,720
Speaker 1: this would actually be protective for the neurons. But because

829
00:55:01,719 --> 00:55:04,839
Speaker 1: these little these little ion channels are not aware, they

830
00:55:04,880 --> 00:55:08,520
Speaker 1: don't have an awareness that, uh, this is actually a

831
00:55:08,560 --> 00:55:13,440
Speaker 1: stroke situation. UM, this is actually very damaging. So by increase,

832
00:55:13,560 --> 00:55:17,680
Speaker 1: like by allowing this huge influx of calcium into the neuron,

833
00:55:18,400 --> 00:55:24,520
Speaker 1: this becomes deadly. It's not. It is called acidosis, which

834
00:55:24,560 --> 00:55:27,239
Speaker 1: is a deadly increase of acid in the cell, which

835
00:55:27,280 --> 00:55:30,560
Speaker 1: can cause cell death. And so, because the neurons are

836
00:55:30,600 --> 00:55:33,920
Speaker 1: what make up your brain, death of the neurons is

837
00:55:34,400 --> 00:55:38,000
Speaker 1: is brain death. And so this can be really dangerous

838
00:55:38,160 --> 00:55:41,880
Speaker 1: when you're in the case of a stroke or brain damage.

839
00:55:42,080 --> 00:55:47,600
Speaker 1: So if you could somehow tell those those acid sensing

840
00:55:47,640 --> 00:55:50,600
Speaker 1: ion gates or to like stop, like don't worry about it,

841
00:55:50,680 --> 00:55:54,080
Speaker 1: just chill right now, or or block them, that could

842
00:55:54,120 --> 00:55:58,960
Speaker 1: be really useful. So back to the doctor Spider doctor

843
00:55:59,040 --> 00:56:04,120
Speaker 1: spider venom. UH. That molecule in her venom that normally

844
00:56:04,800 --> 00:56:07,600
Speaker 1: would be kind of bad because it interferes with these

845
00:56:07,640 --> 00:56:12,080
Speaker 1: ion channels in the cell, in this situation could be

846
00:56:12,200 --> 00:56:15,920
Speaker 1: life saving because then you can put that molecule in

847
00:56:16,000 --> 00:56:20,720
Speaker 1: the brain and that blocks those acid sensing ion channels

848
00:56:20,760 --> 00:56:24,680
Speaker 1: and it prevents them from increasing the acidity of the

849
00:56:24,760 --> 00:56:29,560
Speaker 1: neurons and that will protect them from damage following UH stroke.

850
00:56:30,080 --> 00:56:35,320
Speaker 1: And so this is a relatively new UH medical technology,

851
00:56:36,400 --> 00:56:40,400
Speaker 1: but already in mouse models and studies this is showing

852
00:56:40,480 --> 00:56:45,879
Speaker 1: some efficacy in protecting neurons post stroke, which is I mean,

853
00:56:46,120 --> 00:56:50,520
Speaker 1: it is phenomenal that you can get from deadly spider

854
00:56:50,640 --> 00:56:57,000
Speaker 1: venom to potentially protecting our neurons from themselves post stroke

855
00:56:57,120 --> 00:57:01,160
Speaker 1: or traumatic brain injury. Yeah, it's you know, I mean

856
00:57:01,280 --> 00:57:05,719
Speaker 1: again like we were talking earlier about, uh, you know

857
00:57:05,800 --> 00:57:10,040
Speaker 1: how chimpanzees somehow figured out that rolling up leaves in

858
00:57:10,040 --> 00:57:13,880
Speaker 1: their mouths and swallowing them whole can alleviate cramps. It

859
00:57:13,920 --> 00:57:17,720
Speaker 1: seems amazing and ingenious. Well, I mean, the fact that

860
00:57:17,760 --> 00:57:20,360
Speaker 1: they are our cousins. It's like, well, okay, now I

861
00:57:20,440 --> 00:57:23,600
Speaker 1: kind of understand how we can get to this place

862
00:57:23,640 --> 00:57:28,000
Speaker 1: as humans of discovering, hey, we can take this venom

863
00:57:28,000 --> 00:57:31,760
Speaker 1: that in normal circumstances you don't want anywhere near your brain,

864
00:57:32,320 --> 00:57:36,280
Speaker 1: but actually the circumstances really good for protecting your neurons.

865
00:57:36,320 --> 00:57:39,880
Speaker 1: It's it's incredible, that is I mean, oh yeah, yeah,

866
00:57:39,920 --> 00:57:43,200
Speaker 1: that's like we need more of that because I feel like,

867
00:57:44,120 --> 00:57:48,880
Speaker 1: I mean, how close are we then to using any

868
00:57:49,080 --> 00:57:54,480
Speaker 1: animal and or insect and or any other whatever curing cancer?

869
00:57:55,000 --> 00:57:58,840
Speaker 1: The difficulty with cancers, there's so many different types of cancers,

870
00:57:58,920 --> 00:58:04,320
Speaker 1: but I think there are a lot of there are are.

871
00:58:05,320 --> 00:58:07,360
Speaker 1: I mean, I don't want to put it in the

872
00:58:07,480 --> 00:58:11,800
Speaker 1: sense of like I don't think the only use to

873
00:58:12,000 --> 00:58:17,480
Speaker 1: the natural world is things like finding medical cures, but

874
00:58:18,520 --> 00:58:22,080
Speaker 1: if you cannot, if you can't convince someone that we

875
00:58:22,120 --> 00:58:25,400
Speaker 1: should protect nature just because nature is awesome and it

876
00:58:25,480 --> 00:58:31,720
Speaker 1: deserves to survive. Certainly, there are a lot of really

877
00:58:31,840 --> 00:58:37,600
Speaker 1: interesting things biological processes out nature that would be really

878
00:58:37,640 --> 00:58:41,280
Speaker 1: hard to figure out on our own, just because there's

879
00:58:41,320 --> 00:58:45,320
Speaker 1: so many different like molecular shape and like what I

880
00:58:45,360 --> 00:58:50,400
Speaker 1: was kind of describing earlier, where treating cancer or even

881
00:58:50,480 --> 00:58:53,360
Speaker 1: something like an anti viral like a vaccine can really

882
00:58:53,440 --> 00:58:56,680
Speaker 1: just come down to we gotta fit this weird shape

883
00:58:56,680 --> 00:58:59,640
Speaker 1: into this weird shape, and there are so many weird

884
00:58:59,720 --> 00:59:03,520
Speaker 1: shape out there, right, there's so many different molecules. Finding

885
00:59:03,720 --> 00:59:07,440
Speaker 1: these molecules are coming up with these molecules is really difficult.

886
00:59:08,200 --> 00:59:11,320
Speaker 1: And so whenever we lose a species, even if it's

887
00:59:11,320 --> 00:59:14,720
Speaker 1: just some random insect, right, which you should care about.

888
00:59:15,080 --> 00:59:18,000
Speaker 1: Insects are great, and most of you probably do, but

889
00:59:18,120 --> 00:59:21,720
Speaker 1: I'm sure there are people out there who don't care, uh,

890
00:59:21,760 --> 00:59:25,600
Speaker 1: you know, but they may have some really just like

891
00:59:26,640 --> 00:59:30,560
Speaker 1: really interesting aspect to them that could have some phenomenal

892
00:59:30,600 --> 00:59:35,480
Speaker 1: importance to human medicine. So there's definitely selfish reason to

893
00:59:35,680 --> 00:59:40,240
Speaker 1: care about animals um but also they're just rad like

894
00:59:41,760 --> 00:59:49,000
Speaker 1: you know. Yeah, they're just rad animals. They're just yeah

895
00:59:49,160 --> 00:59:52,680
Speaker 1: with sunglasses and doing a sick kick flip on a

896
00:59:52,720 --> 00:59:57,360
Speaker 1: skateboard and that's the logo of the show while doing

897
00:59:58,680 --> 01:00:04,400
Speaker 1: heavy lifting and yeah that's what and what I said,

898
01:00:04,440 --> 01:00:08,800
Speaker 1: doing heavy lifting and curing illness but whatever. Yeah, No,

899
01:00:08,960 --> 01:00:14,760
Speaker 1: it's like a spider, a doctor Spider who is a doctor,

900
01:00:14,880 --> 01:00:19,520
Speaker 1: a handsome doctor Spider on a skateboard with a bunch

901
01:00:19,560 --> 01:00:23,680
Speaker 1: of like doing some heavy lifting weights and curing stroke

902
01:00:23,760 --> 01:00:27,440
Speaker 1: and cancer. Like would you marry? Would you marry Dr Spider?

903
01:00:28,680 --> 01:00:33,560
Speaker 1: I mean, yes, yeah, you too. I mean, and I

904
01:00:33,560 --> 01:00:35,960
Speaker 1: think it's okay, right because he's got so many legs.

905
01:00:36,000 --> 01:00:38,760
Speaker 1: There's a lot of room for rings on those legs,

906
01:00:38,880 --> 01:00:44,720
Speaker 1: right am I right? Ladies, yeah, now you're right, And

907
01:00:45,720 --> 01:00:51,960
Speaker 1: all the ladies, we would at least eight of us

908
01:00:51,960 --> 01:00:56,560
Speaker 1: could marry doctor Spider. So that's good because as you

909
01:00:56,880 --> 01:01:00,080
Speaker 1: as you know, the number of marriage is just a

910
01:01:00,440 --> 01:01:03,400
Speaker 1: number of legs that you have, is the number of

911
01:01:03,840 --> 01:01:09,800
Speaker 1: spouses you can have. I think right, legally speaking, there

912
01:01:09,800 --> 01:01:14,120
Speaker 1: are you eight for a spider because it's the number

913
01:01:14,160 --> 01:01:16,280
Speaker 1: of legs you can put a ring on. And I'm

914
01:01:16,280 --> 01:01:21,880
Speaker 1: talking about the law, right, yeah, I guess, so that

915
01:01:21,960 --> 01:01:28,120
Speaker 1: makes sense. No, I'm following. I'm following. Okay, so Dr

916
01:01:28,240 --> 01:01:35,400
Speaker 1: Spider is eligible eligible bachelor spider. So and you got

917
01:01:35,440 --> 01:01:40,240
Speaker 1: you got any more questions about using spider venom to

918
01:01:40,320 --> 01:01:44,320
Speaker 1: help in medicine other than like I would say, don't

919
01:01:44,760 --> 01:01:48,280
Speaker 1: just piss off a bunch of spiders and inject their

920
01:01:48,320 --> 01:01:52,800
Speaker 1: venom into you, because that's probably bad. I mean, if

921
01:01:52,840 --> 01:01:57,960
Speaker 1: you say so, Um, I know, I've had a lot

922
01:01:58,000 --> 01:02:01,600
Speaker 1: of questions. I guess I don't know, like how prominent

923
01:02:02,040 --> 01:02:07,720
Speaker 1: is the like research for all this Like how like

924
01:02:08,040 --> 01:02:10,440
Speaker 1: while you say, like you know, because like curing cancer

925
01:02:10,520 --> 01:02:12,720
Speaker 1: is a lot more difficult than just being able to

926
01:02:12,800 --> 01:02:16,560
Speaker 1: like pull a excretion out of an animal and do

927
01:02:16,600 --> 01:02:18,920
Speaker 1: a bunch of science to it and make it happen.

928
01:02:19,280 --> 01:02:24,120
Speaker 1: But like, how like do you is it really like,

929
01:02:25,480 --> 01:02:28,240
Speaker 1: are are people really working on this kind of stuff,

930
01:02:28,280 --> 01:02:30,080
Speaker 1: like studying this kind of stuff or is it more

931
01:02:30,120 --> 01:02:33,240
Speaker 1: of like it's happening but it's not as prominent as

932
01:02:33,240 --> 01:02:39,880
Speaker 1: it could be. I think it is. I mean, this

933
01:02:39,960 --> 01:02:44,480
Speaker 1: gets into a whole tricky territory, right because I think

934
01:02:44,680 --> 01:02:48,720
Speaker 1: there is a lot of research going on, uh with

935
01:02:48,800 --> 01:02:54,800
Speaker 1: respect to studying these kinds of cures obviously because it's

936
01:02:54,840 --> 01:02:59,040
Speaker 1: like profit driven, maybe there are studies that could be

937
01:02:59,160 --> 01:03:05,040
Speaker 1: happening that aren't if like the the diseases maybe too

938
01:03:05,160 --> 01:03:09,040
Speaker 1: rare or there, it's hard to see like maybe a

939
01:03:09,160 --> 01:03:13,320
Speaker 1: essential profitability to it. So it may be stimmied somewhat

940
01:03:13,480 --> 01:03:17,280
Speaker 1: by those factors. But certainly there is a lot of

941
01:03:17,360 --> 01:03:23,080
Speaker 1: research that involves using the the things that we find

942
01:03:23,120 --> 01:03:26,680
Speaker 1: in nature, or even using like you know, if we

943
01:03:26,760 --> 01:03:31,520
Speaker 1: can if we find animals using things like things for

944
01:03:31,640 --> 01:03:36,440
Speaker 1: medicine and nature. It is, it's so much it's such

945
01:03:36,480 --> 01:03:41,360
Speaker 1: a short cut rather than looking for a random random

946
01:03:41,400 --> 01:03:43,600
Speaker 1: molecules out there. If we can find some kind of

947
01:03:43,600 --> 01:03:47,800
Speaker 1: patterns of natures, it really does Uh, it can really

948
01:03:47,840 --> 01:03:51,240
Speaker 1: help with research. But that being said, I think obviously

949
01:03:51,320 --> 01:03:54,480
Speaker 1: there is it's like there could be so much more

950
01:03:54,520 --> 01:03:59,760
Speaker 1: interesting research done that maybe uh, people who would like

951
01:04:00,200 --> 01:04:03,080
Speaker 1: offer the grant for the research or something maybe not

952
01:04:03,160 --> 01:04:05,400
Speaker 1: want to invest in as much because it doesn't seem

953
01:04:05,440 --> 01:04:09,760
Speaker 1: as profitable or as like flashy or something. So yeah,

954
01:04:09,920 --> 01:04:12,560
Speaker 1: it is it's a it's a complicated issue, which and

955
01:04:12,600 --> 01:04:16,240
Speaker 1: I would say, like I think the desire of researchers

956
01:04:16,280 --> 01:04:21,240
Speaker 1: to research these really interesting ideas and potential things for

957
01:04:21,560 --> 01:04:25,720
Speaker 1: medicine may outpace like the rate at which they are

958
01:04:25,720 --> 01:04:32,120
Speaker 1: funded to do so, right, Yeah, that's unfortunate. Yeah, yeah,

959
01:04:32,600 --> 01:04:38,520
Speaker 1: now I know. Don't chug soy sauce. I don't know

960
01:04:38,560 --> 01:04:42,120
Speaker 1: why that really hit somewhere because I love soy sauce.

961
01:04:42,760 --> 01:04:45,640
Speaker 1: Just love to douse my like sushi, you know, just

962
01:04:45,720 --> 01:04:47,960
Speaker 1: like I love it. And now you have me like

963
01:04:48,040 --> 01:04:52,000
Speaker 1: questioning everything I've ever Like, I'm like, wait, well, in

964
01:04:52,040 --> 01:04:57,160
Speaker 1: the sense I mean sauces, soy sauce is not specifically bad.

965
01:04:57,320 --> 01:05:01,400
Speaker 1: I mean it's specifically very good, very delicious. But it's

966
01:05:01,440 --> 01:05:04,120
Speaker 1: like it's the same thing with like salt water, you know,

967
01:05:04,160 --> 01:05:06,720
Speaker 1: it's just very it's very salty. And so remember when

968
01:05:06,760 --> 01:05:10,880
Speaker 1: I was talking about those sodium ion channels, Like if

969
01:05:10,920 --> 01:05:14,600
Speaker 1: you have too much sodium and your cells are trying

970
01:05:14,680 --> 01:05:20,080
Speaker 1: to reach homeostasis, which is like basically having the salinity

971
01:05:20,200 --> 01:05:23,920
Speaker 1: outside the cell equal that inside the cell. Uh, if

972
01:05:23,960 --> 01:05:28,080
Speaker 1: you throw that out of whack with too much sodium,

973
01:05:28,160 --> 01:05:33,920
Speaker 1: then that can cause cell essentially cell kind of exploding.

974
01:05:34,160 --> 01:05:40,800
Speaker 1: So that's bad or imploding, which is also bad. Yeah,

975
01:05:41,000 --> 01:05:43,840
Speaker 1: and actually you can have too much water, so this

976
01:05:43,920 --> 01:05:49,680
Speaker 1: is very Yes, don't stop drinking water, it's very good

977
01:05:49,720 --> 01:05:53,400
Speaker 1: for you. You would have in order to overdose on water.

978
01:05:53,480 --> 01:05:56,240
Speaker 1: You would have to make a concerted effort to do this.

979
01:05:56,440 --> 01:05:59,240
Speaker 1: It's very difficult to do. So if you're thirsty and

980
01:05:59,280 --> 01:06:01,080
Speaker 1: you drink water and you're like, oh no, what if

981
01:06:01,080 --> 01:06:03,480
Speaker 1: I'm having too much water, it's not gonna happen. Do

982
01:06:03,560 --> 01:06:06,720
Speaker 1: not worry about this. Keep hydrating, folks, good for you.

983
01:06:06,760 --> 01:06:09,240
Speaker 1: Can I tell you my story and my kind of

984
01:06:09,320 --> 01:06:12,480
Speaker 1: hometown high school growing up, It was a radio station

985
01:06:12,520 --> 01:06:14,720
Speaker 1: which was having a contest of who could drink the

986
01:06:14,760 --> 01:06:20,360
Speaker 1: most water and one of the people died. What oh god.

987
01:06:20,560 --> 01:06:22,600
Speaker 1: I made the news because they were like, she drank

988
01:06:22,680 --> 01:06:25,240
Speaker 1: so much water she literally passed on. I was like

989
01:06:25,280 --> 01:06:28,880
Speaker 1: someone's mom, Like it was really tragic. And that's when

990
01:06:28,880 --> 01:06:33,840
Speaker 1: I first learned you can't be doing that, Like there

991
01:06:34,000 --> 01:06:36,080
Speaker 1: is a limit to how much water you can in take.

992
01:06:37,000 --> 01:06:39,320
Speaker 1: I mean, the main thing is just don't listen to

993
01:06:39,360 --> 01:06:43,479
Speaker 1: what shock jocks what to do. Not going to be good.

994
01:06:43,920 --> 01:06:46,880
Speaker 1: That's so, that's so sad, that's messed up. I hope

995
01:06:46,920 --> 01:06:51,400
Speaker 1: that they got sud I think, yeah, I'm sure I

996
01:06:51,480 --> 01:06:54,720
Speaker 1: should have. Yeah, I know that. So you don't want

997
01:06:54,760 --> 01:06:57,680
Speaker 1: to like you would have to drink so much water,

998
01:06:57,840 --> 01:07:01,320
Speaker 1: it would you will start to feel eck from the

999
01:07:01,360 --> 01:07:04,640
Speaker 1: amount of water that you're It isn't It is an

1000
01:07:04,680 --> 01:07:06,480
Speaker 1: incredible amount of water you have to drink for this

1001
01:07:06,520 --> 01:07:09,439
Speaker 1: to happen. But just like you can have too much

1002
01:07:09,480 --> 01:07:13,160
Speaker 1: sodium in your blood stream, you can have too little

1003
01:07:13,200 --> 01:07:17,200
Speaker 1: sodium in your blood stream, and it like what I'm

1004
01:07:17,240 --> 01:07:20,440
Speaker 1: describing in terms of like cell homeostasis. Cells try to

1005
01:07:21,120 --> 01:07:26,480
Speaker 1: equalize the amount of sodium, the concentration of sodium inside

1006
01:07:26,480 --> 01:07:30,720
Speaker 1: the cell and outside the cell. So if you have

1007
01:07:31,000 --> 01:07:34,080
Speaker 1: no sodium outside of the cell, right, you're drinking way

1008
01:07:34,080 --> 01:07:38,080
Speaker 1: too much water. Then all of the sodium is released

1009
01:07:38,120 --> 01:07:40,400
Speaker 1: from out of the cell, which is also bad, which

1010
01:07:40,440 --> 01:07:43,640
Speaker 1: also destroys the cell. Or vice versa. If you have

1011
01:07:43,840 --> 01:07:49,120
Speaker 1: too much sodium in the blood stream, the cell actually

1012
01:07:49,120 --> 01:07:52,320
Speaker 1: releases too much of the water and then that also

1013
01:07:52,600 --> 01:07:55,680
Speaker 1: destroys the cell, which is actually so this is maybe

1014
01:07:55,720 --> 01:07:59,200
Speaker 1: a slight tangent, but hey, it's an animal's podcast. This

1015
01:07:59,280 --> 01:08:04,800
Speaker 1: is actually a problem them that fish who will fish

1016
01:08:04,840 --> 01:08:10,200
Speaker 1: like salmon, who migrate from the ocean to freshwater to spawn,

1017
01:08:10,720 --> 01:08:14,160
Speaker 1: have to contend with because fish can't necessarily just switch

1018
01:08:14,320 --> 01:08:20,920
Speaker 1: from high salt concentration water to freshwater. Because like if

1019
01:08:20,920 --> 01:08:23,960
Speaker 1: you take like a if you've ever had a fish tank, right,

1020
01:08:24,080 --> 01:08:26,080
Speaker 1: if you've ever owned an aquarium, you know it's very

1021
01:08:26,080 --> 01:08:29,120
Speaker 1: important that if you have uh, freshwater fish, they only

1022
01:08:29,120 --> 01:08:34,559
Speaker 1: get freshwater. Saltwater fish, they need a specific concentration of saltwater. Uh.

1023
01:08:34,600 --> 01:08:40,240
Speaker 1: Salmon have some safeguards, these very specific safeguards to prevent

1024
01:08:40,320 --> 01:08:44,200
Speaker 1: their cells from imploding and exploding when they move between

1025
01:08:45,120 --> 01:08:50,160
Speaker 1: the saltwater environments and the freshwater environment, which is really interesting.

1026
01:08:50,240 --> 01:08:55,320
Speaker 1: So that is why you shouldn't chug soy sauce or

1027
01:08:55,400 --> 01:09:01,880
Speaker 1: saltwater or chug a lot like sickening ridiculous amounts of water.

1028
01:09:02,000 --> 01:09:05,240
Speaker 1: But again, you're not going to do that unless you're

1029
01:09:05,439 --> 01:09:09,120
Speaker 1: intentionally trying, and that would be bad for you. So

1030
01:09:09,200 --> 01:09:12,160
Speaker 1: don't do it. Yeah, I mean, I I don't even

1031
01:09:12,400 --> 01:09:14,840
Speaker 1: I don't even know how you could chug saltwater. I mean,

1032
01:09:14,840 --> 01:09:20,559
Speaker 1: I've had saltwater is devastatingly tough. It's bad. My mom

1033
01:09:20,640 --> 01:09:24,519
Speaker 1: has no I'm just saying, my mom has me gargol

1034
01:09:24,560 --> 01:09:28,080
Speaker 1: saltwater when I'm like sick, but I could mind never

1035
01:09:28,880 --> 01:09:33,320
Speaker 1: chuck it. No, you'll get sick, you'll probably throw up.

1036
01:09:33,360 --> 01:09:36,920
Speaker 1: It's not good for you. Don't do it, no, no thanks,

1037
01:09:37,080 --> 01:09:41,000
Speaker 1: and don't drink and don't drink a seawater because that

1038
01:09:41,040 --> 01:09:44,920
Speaker 1: will make you sick. Um. But hey, actually we just

1039
01:09:44,960 --> 01:09:48,560
Speaker 1: talked about this on the last podcast. I think a

1040
01:09:48,600 --> 01:09:53,560
Speaker 1: couple of weeks ago that camels can can drink saltwater

1041
01:09:53,680 --> 01:10:01,120
Speaker 1: and they're fine. Yeah, because and we're not exactly sure

1042
01:10:01,400 --> 01:10:05,880
Speaker 1: researchers don't exactly know how they manage this, but yeah,

1043
01:10:06,120 --> 01:10:09,880
Speaker 1: wild bactory and camels can drink salt water that is

1044
01:10:09,920 --> 01:10:15,720
Speaker 1: saltier than seawater and they're okay. So that is very interesting.

1045
01:10:16,720 --> 01:10:20,040
Speaker 1: So maybe if you're a camel, you can drink soy sauce.

1046
01:10:21,200 --> 01:10:24,559
Speaker 1: I'm gonna say, but if you're not a camel, don't

1047
01:10:24,600 --> 01:10:27,519
Speaker 1: try it. Do you think a camel will just be

1048
01:10:27,600 --> 01:10:30,839
Speaker 1: fine if it just chugged a ton of soy sauce?

1049
01:10:32,080 --> 01:10:34,400
Speaker 1: I guess it depends on what you mean by a

1050
01:10:34,400 --> 01:10:38,800
Speaker 1: ton of soy What do you mean by it? I

1051
01:10:38,880 --> 01:10:40,840
Speaker 1: don't know. I don't know what a ton of soy

1052
01:10:40,920 --> 01:10:44,960
Speaker 1: sauce is. I know it requires a light hand when you're,

1053
01:10:45,000 --> 01:10:48,040
Speaker 1: you know, doing stir fry, otherwise it's too salty. But

1054
01:10:48,200 --> 01:10:53,360
Speaker 1: you know I would say that which is probably deadly

1055
01:10:53,400 --> 01:10:56,599
Speaker 1: to humans is probably not deadly to a wild bactory

1056
01:10:56,640 --> 01:11:00,479
Speaker 1: and camel. If that's what you're asking, I don't know.

1057
01:11:00,600 --> 01:11:06,080
Speaker 1: To be honest, I don't know. I like, what is okay?

1058
01:11:06,120 --> 01:11:09,800
Speaker 1: How okay? What am I gonna ask? How much are

1059
01:11:09,800 --> 01:11:12,679
Speaker 1: you trying? How much soy sauce you need to kill

1060
01:11:12,720 --> 01:11:16,800
Speaker 1: a camel? Because I'm not going to tell you. I'm

1061
01:11:16,840 --> 01:11:19,000
Speaker 1: just curious out this point because you know how camel

1062
01:11:19,040 --> 01:11:22,240
Speaker 1: can hold all this liquid to survive, and you know

1063
01:11:22,479 --> 01:11:29,760
Speaker 1: hot desert climates. Mhm mhmm. You're right, we should move on.

1064
01:11:32,160 --> 01:11:35,320
Speaker 1: I'm not I'm not instructing people how to kill camels

1065
01:11:35,320 --> 01:11:39,400
Speaker 1: with soy sauce that I have a strong moral line

1066
01:11:39,439 --> 01:11:45,680
Speaker 1: there that I will not cross. So before we go,

1067
01:11:46,320 --> 01:11:48,479
Speaker 1: we gotta would you like to play a little game

1068
01:11:48,520 --> 01:11:54,519
Speaker 1: with me? Always it's called the Mystery Animal Sound Game?

1069
01:11:55,040 --> 01:11:59,200
Speaker 1: Every week I play a mystery animal sound and you

1070
01:11:59,640 --> 01:12:02,920
Speaker 1: the stener, and I'll see you the guest. Uh try

1071
01:12:03,000 --> 01:12:06,880
Speaker 1: to fare get who is who's squawking? Who's making that sound?

1072
01:12:07,240 --> 01:12:11,040
Speaker 1: And it can be any animal. It can be a fish,

1073
01:12:11,280 --> 01:12:15,080
Speaker 1: can be a bird, it can be I don't know, frog,

1074
01:12:15,680 --> 01:12:21,280
Speaker 1: even any animal can make these sounds. And so the

1075
01:12:21,360 --> 01:12:27,080
Speaker 1: hint I gave last week was don't jump to conclusions

1076
01:12:27,520 --> 01:12:40,479
Speaker 1: with this sound. And here it is, so and h

1077
01:12:41,000 --> 01:12:47,800
Speaker 1: can you guess who's making that sound? Mm hmm, I'm

1078
01:12:47,800 --> 01:12:54,120
Speaker 1: gonna guess either. Can I have two guests? Sure, I'm generous,

1079
01:12:54,240 --> 01:12:57,760
Speaker 1: I'm between a hippo and a turtle. But I like

1080
01:12:57,920 --> 01:13:01,240
Speaker 1: those guesses because you know, they do sound. It does

1081
01:13:01,280 --> 01:13:05,799
Speaker 1: sound like a hippo or a turtle, especially when turtles

1082
01:13:05,880 --> 01:13:09,560
Speaker 1: are mating. They make very strange Yeah. I saw a

1083
01:13:09,640 --> 01:13:13,559
Speaker 1: video recently of a turtle mating and it was making

1084
01:13:13,680 --> 01:13:17,880
Speaker 1: some funny It was like, sent it to me after

1085
01:13:17,960 --> 01:13:20,800
Speaker 1: they described it to me, and it was like and

1086
01:13:20,840 --> 01:13:24,720
Speaker 1: it like came. I was like, when it like ejaculated,

1087
01:13:24,880 --> 01:13:28,599
Speaker 1: like it sounds like it sounds like an old man

1088
01:13:28,680 --> 01:13:31,160
Speaker 1: out of breath, which I guess in a way it is.

1089
01:13:32,400 --> 01:13:37,840
Speaker 1: But you are wrong about this specific sound. Uh, this

1090
01:13:37,920 --> 01:13:43,719
Speaker 1: is actually the sound of a kangaroo. They can be yes,

1091
01:13:44,000 --> 01:13:48,040
Speaker 1: they can be very vocal and make these grunting, barking

1092
01:13:48,120 --> 01:13:55,920
Speaker 1: sounds to communicate. Yeah, so that is actually a kangaroo.

1093
01:13:56,600 --> 01:13:59,840
Speaker 1: Did not know that found in found in Australia's They

1094
01:14:00,160 --> 01:14:06,040
Speaker 1: you know they'll kill you in the streets. They are pugnacious.

1095
01:14:06,760 --> 01:14:12,720
Speaker 1: They are pugnacious, and yeah, they will sometimes stand in

1096
01:14:13,120 --> 01:14:17,800
Speaker 1: water because it is a defensive tactic to like try

1097
01:14:17,840 --> 01:14:21,840
Speaker 1: to shove you around in the water and uh yeah,

1098
01:14:22,040 --> 01:14:27,479
Speaker 1: So yeah, don't mess with kangaroos. Uh yeah, that's tough.

1099
01:14:27,560 --> 01:14:30,439
Speaker 1: That's tough for me because I want to so bad,

1100
01:14:30,960 --> 01:14:36,080
Speaker 1: just choking, want to mess with kangaroo. I like to

1101
01:14:36,080 --> 01:14:38,760
Speaker 1: think of my dad just thinking he's going to get

1102
01:14:38,800 --> 01:14:43,160
Speaker 1: off the plane in Australia, Australia, and the kangaroo's just

1103
01:14:43,200 --> 01:14:45,280
Speaker 1: going to punch him in the face the second he's

1104
01:14:45,280 --> 01:14:50,840
Speaker 1: off the pod while grunting and screaming. Yeah. Yeah. I

1105
01:14:50,880 --> 01:14:54,040
Speaker 1: feel like if you want your dad to go to Australia,

1106
01:14:54,640 --> 01:14:57,400
Speaker 1: you should only let him listen to certain sections of

1107
01:14:57,439 --> 01:14:59,880
Speaker 1: this episode, just the part where we talk about this

1108
01:15:00,040 --> 01:15:04,680
Speaker 1: butter curing strokes and nothing else. Maybe yeah, I mean

1109
01:15:05,120 --> 01:15:07,800
Speaker 1: I won't Yeah, if it does happen, it would be

1110
01:15:08,080 --> 01:15:13,599
Speaker 1: so funny. Literally, he spends his whole life being like,

1111
01:15:13,600 --> 01:15:15,240
Speaker 1: they'll kill you on the street and then he just

1112
01:15:15,280 --> 01:15:19,280
Speaker 1: gets punched by a kangaroo. There is a video of

1113
01:15:19,360 --> 01:15:24,599
Speaker 1: someone uh doing a parachute and lands on the ground.

1114
01:15:24,960 --> 01:15:27,960
Speaker 1: This is in Australia, and a kangaroo comes up at

1115
01:15:28,040 --> 01:15:31,280
Speaker 1: him with how many The parachuoters like, oh hey there

1116
01:15:31,320 --> 01:15:35,120
Speaker 1: skip and then the kangaroo just punches them. It's really funny.

1117
01:15:36,520 --> 01:15:40,920
Speaker 1: There you go. Yeah, I love I love it, honestly

1118
01:15:41,400 --> 01:15:45,160
Speaker 1: good for good for the kangaroo. Nothing against parachooters, but

1119
01:15:45,280 --> 01:15:50,160
Speaker 1: you know if you saw someone parachute down. Look, I

1120
01:15:50,160 --> 01:15:54,920
Speaker 1: don't know. I'm saying the kangaroo may have been justified.

1121
01:15:54,960 --> 01:16:02,720
Speaker 1: I'm not saying that. Wow, I get it. Onto this

1122
01:16:02,800 --> 01:16:07,120
Speaker 1: week's mystery animal sound. Here is the hint. Could this

1123
01:16:07,240 --> 01:16:22,719
Speaker 1: be the call of a unicorn? So and Gonny guesses

1124
01:16:23,080 --> 01:16:25,880
Speaker 1: on who is making that sound? It sounds like a

1125
01:16:25,920 --> 01:16:34,000
Speaker 1: demonic clown or not clown cow, demonic cow, demonic cow clown? Um,

1126
01:16:34,000 --> 01:16:38,120
Speaker 1: it is actually a demonic clown. Uh, So you won

1127
01:16:38,520 --> 01:16:42,240
Speaker 1: the game. Well, what is it really? I don't know

1128
01:16:42,320 --> 01:16:45,000
Speaker 1: what I was now it's not a demonic clown or

1129
01:16:45,120 --> 01:16:49,479
Speaker 1: demonic cow. But the answer, I'm sorry to say you'll

1130
01:16:49,520 --> 01:16:53,200
Speaker 1: have to wait until next week, until next Wednesday, when

1131
01:16:53,240 --> 01:16:56,920
Speaker 1: I will reveal the answer to who was squawking? Is

1132
01:16:56,960 --> 01:17:02,840
Speaker 1: it a demonic clown? Um? Maybe? Uh? But if you

1133
01:17:02,880 --> 01:17:06,240
Speaker 1: think you know out there right to me at Creature

1134
01:17:06,280 --> 01:17:10,519
Speaker 1: feature Pod at gmail dot com. And I'm also you know,

1135
01:17:11,040 --> 01:17:14,880
Speaker 1: around the internet like on Instagram Creature feature Pod or

1136
01:17:15,000 --> 01:17:17,720
Speaker 1: on Twitter at Creature feed Pod. That's f E T

1137
01:17:17,880 --> 01:17:22,559
Speaker 1: not et not is something different, very different. Anna, Thank

1138
01:17:22,560 --> 01:17:24,800
Speaker 1: you so much for joining me. Where can the people

1139
01:17:24,840 --> 01:17:26,960
Speaker 1: find you? What are you? What are you up to? Ah?

1140
01:17:27,040 --> 01:17:30,800
Speaker 1: You can check out my podcast Ethnically Ambiguous or or

1141
01:17:30,840 --> 01:17:33,400
Speaker 1: and or you can follow me at Anna host the

1142
01:17:33,520 --> 01:17:35,920
Speaker 1: A A N N A h O S S N

1143
01:17:35,960 --> 01:17:39,040
Speaker 1: I e H on Twitter or where I post about

1144
01:17:39,040 --> 01:17:45,200
Speaker 1: all the shows I produce another fun fun stuff. Please

1145
01:17:45,280 --> 01:17:48,639
Speaker 1: do that and thank you so much for listening. Hey,

1146
01:17:48,800 --> 01:17:50,880
Speaker 1: if you're enjoying the show and you want to leave

1147
01:17:50,960 --> 01:17:55,080
Speaker 1: me a writing or review, I really appreciate that. Not

1148
01:17:55,160 --> 01:17:58,000
Speaker 1: only do I appreciate it, I read all of them,

1149
01:17:58,040 --> 01:18:01,519
Speaker 1: literally all of them, and so you write a review,

1150
01:18:01,760 --> 01:18:03,599
Speaker 1: I will read it and it will make me feel good,

1151
01:18:04,040 --> 01:18:07,240
Speaker 1: you know, So I appreciate that. And thanks to the

1152
01:18:07,240 --> 01:18:10,960
Speaker 1: Space Classics for their super awesome song x Alumina. Creature

1153
01:18:11,000 --> 01:18:14,680
Speaker 1: features a production of I Heart Radio. For more podcasts

1154
01:18:14,720 --> 01:18:17,200
Speaker 1: like the one you just heard, visit the I Heart

1155
01:18:17,280 --> 01:18:21,320
Speaker 1: Radio app Apple podcast or Hey, guess what, I don't know.

1156
01:18:22,240 --> 01:18:25,360
Speaker 1: I honestly you can listen to this in any way

1157
01:18:25,520 --> 01:18:28,400
Speaker 1: that you want, and I am not. I'm not gonna

1158
01:18:28,479 --> 01:18:33,679
Speaker 1: judge you, so yeah uh. And again, don't chug soy sauce,

1159
01:18:33,920 --> 01:18:36,559
Speaker 1: don't let the spiders bite you on the face, and

1160
01:18:36,560 --> 01:18:40,320
Speaker 1: I'll see you next Wednesday. Bye bye,