1 00:00:03,200 --> 00:00:07,960 Speaker 1: This is Bloomberg Law with June Brusso from Bloomberg Radio. 2 00:00:09,039 --> 00:00:13,720 Speaker 1: Former Trump campaign chairman Steve Bannon was defiant and combative 3 00:00:14,120 --> 00:00:17,720 Speaker 1: after appearing before a judge to face criminal contempt charges 4 00:00:18,079 --> 00:00:21,560 Speaker 1: for ignoring subpoenas from the House committee investigating the US 5 00:00:21,680 --> 00:00:25,320 Speaker 1: Capital Riot. I'm telling you right now, this is gonna 6 00:00:25,320 --> 00:00:29,160 Speaker 1: be the misdemeanor from hell for Marrick Garland, Nancy Pelosi, 7 00:00:29,400 --> 00:00:33,120 Speaker 1: and Joe Biden retired to playing defense. We're gonna go 8 00:00:33,159 --> 00:00:36,440 Speaker 1: on the offense on this and stand by. Contempt of 9 00:00:36,520 --> 00:00:40,879 Speaker 1: Congress charges are rare and politically messy, something that Johnson's 10 00:00:40,920 --> 00:00:46,440 Speaker 1: department hasn't pursued since joining me as former federal prosecutor. 11 00:00:46,560 --> 00:00:49,920 Speaker 1: Robert Mentz a partner McCarter and English is the do 12 00:00:50,080 --> 00:00:55,280 Speaker 1: O J on solid footing here with this prosecution. Given 13 00:00:55,320 --> 00:00:58,880 Speaker 1: Bannon's complete failure to even engage with the committee, he 14 00:00:59,080 --> 00:01:02,960 Speaker 1: virtually in a did Congress to seek criminal contempt charges 15 00:01:03,000 --> 00:01:06,280 Speaker 1: against him and really placed the Department of Justice in 16 00:01:06,319 --> 00:01:09,040 Speaker 1: a difficult position. If this is a case in which 17 00:01:09,040 --> 00:01:11,920 Speaker 1: the Department of Justice was not going to act to 18 00:01:12,000 --> 00:01:15,240 Speaker 1: hold somebody in criminal contempt and to seek an indictment 19 00:01:15,280 --> 00:01:18,560 Speaker 1: against them. For violating the congressional subpoena, and then it's 20 00:01:18,560 --> 00:01:21,480 Speaker 1: hard to imagine a case that would justify that action 21 00:01:22,160 --> 00:01:25,520 Speaker 1: outside the courthouse. He said a few things. One, he said, 22 00:01:25,800 --> 00:01:28,280 Speaker 1: this is going to be the misdemeanor from hell for 23 00:01:28,440 --> 00:01:32,560 Speaker 1: Merrick Garland, Nancy Pelosi, and Joe Biden. We're going to 24 00:01:32,600 --> 00:01:36,280 Speaker 1: go on the offense. What can he actually do besides 25 00:01:36,360 --> 00:01:40,160 Speaker 1: file motions. Well, he can file motions, and he can 26 00:01:40,360 --> 00:01:43,920 Speaker 1: actually make this case a bit more complicated than it 27 00:01:43,959 --> 00:01:48,080 Speaker 1: may appear on the surface, because ultimately, the test here 28 00:01:48,560 --> 00:01:52,200 Speaker 1: is not really whether or not Bannon's interpretation of the 29 00:01:52,280 --> 00:01:56,360 Speaker 1: law is correct, but whether prosecutors can prove beyond a 30 00:01:56,400 --> 00:02:00,680 Speaker 1: reasonable doubt that Bannon did not believe his assertion privilege 31 00:02:00,920 --> 00:02:03,000 Speaker 1: to be credible. In other words, did he have a 32 00:02:03,040 --> 00:02:07,200 Speaker 1: good face basis to assert executive privilege and refuse to 33 00:02:07,240 --> 00:02:10,560 Speaker 1: cooperate with the committee even if ultimately it turns out 34 00:02:10,680 --> 00:02:13,720 Speaker 1: that his claim of privilege is overturned by the courts 35 00:02:13,919 --> 00:02:16,440 Speaker 1: and he would be forced to testify, how can they 36 00:02:16,480 --> 00:02:20,000 Speaker 1: prove what he believed or didn't believe about the executive 37 00:02:20,040 --> 00:02:24,200 Speaker 1: privilege claim. Well, in order for him to rely on 38 00:02:24,360 --> 00:02:27,560 Speaker 1: executive privilege, he would have to assert what's called an 39 00:02:27,560 --> 00:02:30,960 Speaker 1: advice of counsel defense. In other words, he would have 40 00:02:31,040 --> 00:02:33,960 Speaker 1: to argue that he was not testifying based on the 41 00:02:34,000 --> 00:02:37,760 Speaker 1: advice of his lawyer, who told him that executive privilege 42 00:02:37,800 --> 00:02:40,640 Speaker 1: applaud and he did not have to appear to testify 43 00:02:40,840 --> 00:02:43,200 Speaker 1: before the House. In order to do that, he has 44 00:02:43,240 --> 00:02:46,359 Speaker 1: to waive his attorney client privilege with his lawyer and 45 00:02:46,440 --> 00:02:49,240 Speaker 1: put his lawyer on the stand to talk about the 46 00:02:49,240 --> 00:02:51,760 Speaker 1: advice that his lawyer gave him. That's a bit of 47 00:02:51,760 --> 00:02:55,799 Speaker 1: a risky proposition because it opens up to prosecutors any 48 00:02:55,800 --> 00:02:59,040 Speaker 1: conversation that Bandon may have had was his attorney during 49 00:02:59,080 --> 00:03:02,639 Speaker 1: the scope of the rep presentation. But ultimately prosecutors will 50 00:03:02,680 --> 00:03:06,680 Speaker 1: have to show that his reliance on executive privilege was 51 00:03:06,800 --> 00:03:10,320 Speaker 1: not a good faith defense and that he was simply 52 00:03:10,440 --> 00:03:14,600 Speaker 1: trying to avoid his obligation to testify, rather than relying 53 00:03:14,639 --> 00:03:17,359 Speaker 1: on his lawyer's advice that he didn't have to testify 54 00:03:17,440 --> 00:03:21,239 Speaker 1: based upon executive privilege. I suppose that's what his current 55 00:03:21,360 --> 00:03:24,880 Speaker 1: lawyer was referring to outside the courthouse when he said 56 00:03:25,320 --> 00:03:28,160 Speaker 1: Mr Bannon is a lay person when the privilege has 57 00:03:28,200 --> 00:03:30,760 Speaker 1: been invoked by the purported holder of privilege, he has 58 00:03:30,800 --> 00:03:33,880 Speaker 1: no choice but to withhold the documents and said that 59 00:03:33,960 --> 00:03:36,680 Speaker 1: his lawyer told him to do so. Well, that's the 60 00:03:36,680 --> 00:03:40,840 Speaker 1: only partially true, because executive privilege, while it may be 61 00:03:40,920 --> 00:03:43,400 Speaker 1: in question in this case, is something that is not 62 00:03:43,520 --> 00:03:46,880 Speaker 1: asserted in a blanket fashion. In other words, he should 63 00:03:46,880 --> 00:03:49,920 Speaker 1: have appeared before the committee, his lawyer should have negotiated 64 00:03:49,920 --> 00:03:52,640 Speaker 1: with the committee to try to work around his claim 65 00:03:52,680 --> 00:03:55,400 Speaker 1: of executive privilege. And if he is going to assert 66 00:03:55,480 --> 00:03:58,240 Speaker 1: executive privilege, or any other privilege for that matter, he 67 00:03:58,320 --> 00:04:01,440 Speaker 1: has to do it on a question by question basis 68 00:04:01,560 --> 00:04:05,160 Speaker 1: or a document by document basis. It's not appropriate to 69 00:04:05,160 --> 00:04:08,400 Speaker 1: assert a privilege simply by failing to appear, or in 70 00:04:08,440 --> 00:04:10,840 Speaker 1: this case, he didn't even show up when he was 71 00:04:10,880 --> 00:04:14,720 Speaker 1: supposed to testify and only later asserted the privilege. And 72 00:04:14,720 --> 00:04:17,679 Speaker 1: in doing so, you simply cannot say that I'm asserting 73 00:04:17,720 --> 00:04:20,920 Speaker 1: privilege as to all questions that may be asked when 74 00:04:20,960 --> 00:04:23,760 Speaker 1: I appear before the committee, because the committee could certainly 75 00:04:23,760 --> 00:04:26,520 Speaker 1: ask him questions that are not covered by the executive 76 00:04:26,520 --> 00:04:29,280 Speaker 1: privilege or any other privilege, and he has an obligation 77 00:04:29,320 --> 00:04:31,839 Speaker 1: to show up and answer those questions. And if he 78 00:04:31,839 --> 00:04:33,880 Speaker 1: wants to assert privilege. It should be done on a 79 00:04:34,000 --> 00:04:37,680 Speaker 1: question by question or document by document basis. There are 80 00:04:37,680 --> 00:04:40,440 Speaker 1: a couple of things going on. He hasn't worked at 81 00:04:40,440 --> 00:04:44,039 Speaker 1: the White House for years, and he has refused to 82 00:04:44,080 --> 00:04:48,080 Speaker 1: answer any questions that the committee wants to ask him. 83 00:04:48,120 --> 00:04:50,080 Speaker 1: So there are some questions that are going to be 84 00:04:50,200 --> 00:04:54,920 Speaker 1: outside things he discussed with Donald Trump. Well, that's exactly right, 85 00:04:54,960 --> 00:04:57,320 Speaker 1: and that's the reason why we have not seen an 86 00:04:57,320 --> 00:05:01,440 Speaker 1: indictment on contempt of Congress charges in this country since 87 00:05:01,600 --> 00:05:05,520 Speaker 1: nine three. It's just not something that happens very often 88 00:05:05,760 --> 00:05:08,880 Speaker 1: because it's a messy power. It's something that's not used 89 00:05:08,880 --> 00:05:12,960 Speaker 1: by Congress frequently. Instead, what happens is there's usually a 90 00:05:12,960 --> 00:05:16,200 Speaker 1: bit of a negotiation. The lawyer for the witness reaches 91 00:05:16,240 --> 00:05:18,400 Speaker 1: out to the lawyers on the committee and they try 92 00:05:18,480 --> 00:05:21,800 Speaker 1: to negotiate around these privileged claims. That's something that we've 93 00:05:21,839 --> 00:05:25,040 Speaker 1: seen the other witnesses who have been subpoena to testify 94 00:05:25,080 --> 00:05:28,320 Speaker 1: before the committee try to do. In this case, Bannon, 95 00:05:28,440 --> 00:05:32,120 Speaker 1: simply stone Wall of the Committee, did not cooperate, did 96 00:05:32,120 --> 00:05:36,080 Speaker 1: not respond, his lawyer, did not engage, simply try to 97 00:05:36,160 --> 00:05:41,080 Speaker 1: assert a blanket privileged claim, and flatly refused to cooperate 98 00:05:41,120 --> 00:05:44,680 Speaker 1: in any manner. He was essentially begging the Committee to 99 00:05:44,720 --> 00:05:48,839 Speaker 1: make this referral and testing Merrick Garland as to whether 100 00:05:48,920 --> 00:05:51,839 Speaker 1: or not he would do something that hadn't been done 101 00:05:52,040 --> 00:05:54,200 Speaker 1: in many, many years, and that is to indicte him 102 00:05:54,240 --> 00:05:57,480 Speaker 1: for criminal contempt for failing to appear before Congress. Could 103 00:05:57,560 --> 00:06:01,280 Speaker 1: this backfire on the committee? Well? Could backfire in the 104 00:06:01,400 --> 00:06:05,000 Speaker 1: sense that this will be a long drawn out process. 105 00:06:05,080 --> 00:06:08,080 Speaker 1: This is now a criminal case where motions will be 106 00:06:08,120 --> 00:06:12,120 Speaker 1: filed and there will be discovery exchanged, and ultimately, if 107 00:06:12,320 --> 00:06:16,000 Speaker 1: Mr Bannon takes this to the final hour, it will 108 00:06:16,040 --> 00:06:19,479 Speaker 1: be a trial which may not happen for months or 109 00:06:19,560 --> 00:06:22,400 Speaker 1: even over a year. And the problem that the House 110 00:06:22,400 --> 00:06:25,240 Speaker 1: Committee is facing is that they are under a bit 111 00:06:25,279 --> 00:06:29,200 Speaker 1: of a timeline here because the mid term elections could 112 00:06:29,279 --> 00:06:33,360 Speaker 1: ultimately turn the House over from the Democrats to the Republicans, 113 00:06:33,520 --> 00:06:36,760 Speaker 1: and that would undoubtedly end the life of this committee, 114 00:06:37,000 --> 00:06:41,880 Speaker 1: and the House could then simply withdraw the subpoena. The 115 00:06:41,920 --> 00:06:46,359 Speaker 1: unofficial deadline for this is the twenty two mid term elections, 116 00:06:46,400 --> 00:06:50,359 Speaker 1: because the Committee will probably be disbanded after that. But 117 00:06:50,839 --> 00:06:54,640 Speaker 1: that doesn't mean the prosecution against Bannon stops, does it. 118 00:06:54,800 --> 00:06:57,880 Speaker 1: That's in the hands of the Justice Department. No, that's right. 119 00:06:58,200 --> 00:07:00,640 Speaker 1: It simply means that it could take a long time 120 00:07:00,760 --> 00:07:04,560 Speaker 1: before the Banning cases ultimately resolved through the legal system. 121 00:07:04,600 --> 00:07:08,120 Speaker 1: The last time we saw someone challenge a congressional subpoena 122 00:07:08,200 --> 00:07:11,840 Speaker 1: during the Trump administration, former White House Council Donagan was 123 00:07:11,880 --> 00:07:17,160 Speaker 1: subpoenaed by the House Judiciary Committee in April of Ultimately, 124 00:07:17,160 --> 00:07:20,520 Speaker 1: he did not testify for over two years later, so 125 00:07:20,560 --> 00:07:22,840 Speaker 1: this could be a long drawn out process, and in 126 00:07:22,920 --> 00:07:25,400 Speaker 1: the end, it's not even clear that they will get 127 00:07:25,440 --> 00:07:29,080 Speaker 1: Banning to testify because the contempt would simply put him 128 00:07:29,080 --> 00:07:31,880 Speaker 1: in jail for a minimum of one month and up 129 00:07:31,920 --> 00:07:34,040 Speaker 1: to a year on each of the two counts, but 130 00:07:34,160 --> 00:07:37,520 Speaker 1: it's still does not force him to appear before the 131 00:07:37,520 --> 00:07:41,560 Speaker 1: committee to testify, and at the midterm elections, should the 132 00:07:41,600 --> 00:07:45,640 Speaker 1: House turn over to the Republicans, the committee would likely 133 00:07:45,680 --> 00:07:48,200 Speaker 1: be disbanded and there would be no committee left for 134 00:07:48,280 --> 00:07:51,280 Speaker 1: him to be forced to testify in front of. Even 135 00:07:51,280 --> 00:07:54,840 Speaker 1: the committee members are saying that doing this is sort 136 00:07:54,880 --> 00:07:59,160 Speaker 1: of a warning to other people who might choose to 137 00:07:59,160 --> 00:08:04,040 Speaker 1: defy the committee requests for information, and former Trump White 138 00:08:04,040 --> 00:08:07,400 Speaker 1: House Chief of Staff Mark Meadows failed to appear for 139 00:08:07,440 --> 00:08:11,160 Speaker 1: a deposition on Friday, and he said that he's exerted 140 00:08:11,200 --> 00:08:14,560 Speaker 1: and rightfully so his executive privilege and it's not up 141 00:08:14,600 --> 00:08:16,920 Speaker 1: to me to wave it. And so it's got me 142 00:08:16,960 --> 00:08:20,920 Speaker 1: between a rock and a hard space. Does President Trump 143 00:08:20,960 --> 00:08:23,760 Speaker 1: have any real hold on him with these claims of 144 00:08:23,840 --> 00:08:30,240 Speaker 1: executive privilege, Well, the privilege belongs to the executive branch. 145 00:08:30,520 --> 00:08:32,960 Speaker 1: So the question here is whether it belongs to the 146 00:08:33,000 --> 00:08:36,800 Speaker 1: current White House. President Biden has waived executive privilege to 147 00:08:36,840 --> 00:08:40,320 Speaker 1: allow the committee to continue its investigation, or whether or 148 00:08:40,320 --> 00:08:44,480 Speaker 1: not the former president still has some residual privilege that 149 00:08:44,520 --> 00:08:47,960 Speaker 1: he can assert. There actually is some legal president for 150 00:08:48,200 --> 00:08:52,080 Speaker 1: some limited privilege for a president even after he left office, 151 00:08:52,360 --> 00:08:55,120 Speaker 1: So that issue will have to ultimately be decided by 152 00:08:55,120 --> 00:08:58,160 Speaker 1: the courts and in the interim. Mark Meadows, who was 153 00:08:58,240 --> 00:09:01,200 Speaker 1: President Trump's chief of staff, who was working in the 154 00:09:01,240 --> 00:09:04,800 Speaker 1: White House on January six, is taking the position that 155 00:09:04,920 --> 00:09:08,079 Speaker 1: that issue has to be resolved before he can come 156 00:09:08,120 --> 00:09:11,400 Speaker 1: before Congress and testify. But he has taken a very 157 00:09:11,400 --> 00:09:14,960 Speaker 1: different approach than Bannon. He has engaged with the committee, 158 00:09:15,160 --> 00:09:17,480 Speaker 1: his lawyer has engaged with the committee. They have attempted 159 00:09:17,520 --> 00:09:21,199 Speaker 1: to work out some areas of inquiry that he could answer, 160 00:09:21,320 --> 00:09:24,160 Speaker 1: some documents that he could turn over. That is the 161 00:09:24,200 --> 00:09:27,800 Speaker 1: way these things typically go forward. It's really a situation 162 00:09:27,840 --> 00:09:31,200 Speaker 1: with Steve Bannon where he is almost begging Congress to 163 00:09:31,200 --> 00:09:34,200 Speaker 1: hold him in contempt and almost begging the Department of 164 00:09:34,240 --> 00:09:36,960 Speaker 1: Justice to indict him. So in some ways he got 165 00:09:37,000 --> 00:09:39,720 Speaker 1: exactly what he asked for. But in the end, will 166 00:09:39,720 --> 00:09:43,000 Speaker 1: it force Bannon to testify? Probably not. Bannon is wearing 167 00:09:43,040 --> 00:09:46,040 Speaker 1: this indictment like a badge of honor. It's something that 168 00:09:46,240 --> 00:09:49,440 Speaker 1: he not only was inviting but now seems to be 169 00:09:49,520 --> 00:09:53,120 Speaker 1: reveling in. And ultimately, if he's convicted, he may spend 170 00:09:53,120 --> 00:09:55,200 Speaker 1: some time in jail, but there's no way to force 171 00:09:55,280 --> 00:09:58,040 Speaker 1: him to appear before that committee and give testimony. Well, 172 00:09:58,040 --> 00:10:00,679 Speaker 1: he came to the courthouse with his own camera crew, 173 00:10:01,679 --> 00:10:05,560 Speaker 1: so he's enjoying this and he's using it to pump 174 00:10:05,679 --> 00:10:11,080 Speaker 1: up his podcast. So now Mark Meadows, the committee said 175 00:10:11,679 --> 00:10:15,079 Speaker 1: in a statement that he failed to show. He's refused 176 00:10:15,080 --> 00:10:18,800 Speaker 1: to even indicate whether he used a personal cell phone 177 00:10:18,840 --> 00:10:23,400 Speaker 1: on January six, and how lawmakers might retrieve his text messages. 178 00:10:23,760 --> 00:10:27,160 Speaker 1: So it doesn't sound like it's much cooperation going on. 179 00:10:27,640 --> 00:10:30,000 Speaker 1: I know it is, and it's more than Bannon and 180 00:10:30,200 --> 00:10:34,720 Speaker 1: his lawyer engaged, and but he's still essentially refusing to cooperate. 181 00:10:34,960 --> 00:10:37,960 Speaker 1: The problem is that the case against Meadows is not 182 00:10:38,120 --> 00:10:41,280 Speaker 1: quite as strong as it is against Bannon because Meadows 183 00:10:41,440 --> 00:10:43,840 Speaker 1: was working in the White House at the time, and 184 00:10:44,000 --> 00:10:46,880 Speaker 1: much of the questioning to Meadows has to do with 185 00:10:46,960 --> 00:10:50,160 Speaker 1: advice that he may have given to the President on 186 00:10:50,280 --> 00:10:53,480 Speaker 1: January six, although it's also clear from the subtina that 187 00:10:53,480 --> 00:10:56,440 Speaker 1: went to Mark Meadows that the committee is also seeking 188 00:10:56,520 --> 00:11:00,560 Speaker 1: information not only about the January six insurrection, but also 189 00:11:00,600 --> 00:11:04,480 Speaker 1: about events that happened subsequently, which as the President's phone 190 00:11:04,480 --> 00:11:07,880 Speaker 1: call to the Secretary of Stating Georgia after the election, 191 00:11:08,120 --> 00:11:11,640 Speaker 1: and some other steps that were taken after the election 192 00:11:11,880 --> 00:11:14,760 Speaker 1: to try to influence the outcome to try to prevent 193 00:11:15,040 --> 00:11:19,040 Speaker 1: President Biden's election from being certified. So it's abroad subtoena, 194 00:11:19,480 --> 00:11:22,040 Speaker 1: but all in all, it still falls within the question 195 00:11:22,080 --> 00:11:25,960 Speaker 1: of whether or not the president can assert executive privilege 196 00:11:25,960 --> 00:11:28,760 Speaker 1: when he's no longer in office, and that's what Mark 197 00:11:28,800 --> 00:11:32,480 Speaker 1: Meadows is relying on in trying to delay any appearance 198 00:11:32,559 --> 00:11:35,640 Speaker 1: before this committee. And yet he appeared on TV and 199 00:11:35,679 --> 00:11:37,720 Speaker 1: what he said to was you and I both know 200 00:11:37,800 --> 00:11:39,960 Speaker 1: that no one in the West Wing had any knowledge 201 00:11:39,960 --> 00:11:43,120 Speaker 1: of anything like what happened on January six was going 202 00:11:43,160 --> 00:11:45,800 Speaker 1: to happen. I wonder if he's making his case in 203 00:11:45,920 --> 00:11:49,120 Speaker 1: public to tell the committee I don't know anything. Well. 204 00:11:49,160 --> 00:11:51,560 Speaker 1: I think he is trying to signal to the committee 205 00:11:51,600 --> 00:11:54,480 Speaker 1: that there's nothing really there for him to testify about. 206 00:11:54,880 --> 00:11:57,480 Speaker 1: But again, he has to appear before the Committee and 207 00:11:57,559 --> 00:12:00,280 Speaker 1: try to assert the claims of executive privilege on a 208 00:12:00,360 --> 00:12:02,720 Speaker 1: question by question. Bass is something that he has not 209 00:12:02,840 --> 00:12:05,680 Speaker 1: yet agreed to do. We'll have to see how that 210 00:12:05,720 --> 00:12:09,240 Speaker 1: plays out, but ultimately I think the Committee will likely 211 00:12:09,280 --> 00:12:12,600 Speaker 1: come to some compromise position with Mark Meadows, because they're 212 00:12:12,640 --> 00:12:15,560 Speaker 1: really not in a position to seek criminal contempt charges 213 00:12:15,840 --> 00:12:19,559 Speaker 1: against witness after witness after witness. It's something that is 214 00:12:19,600 --> 00:12:22,640 Speaker 1: done very rarely, and it is really more of a 215 00:12:22,679 --> 00:12:26,400 Speaker 1: surgical kind of attack on a particular witness who refuses 216 00:12:26,440 --> 00:12:28,640 Speaker 1: to cooperate. It's not something that can be done in 217 00:12:28,640 --> 00:12:32,600 Speaker 1: a wholesale manner against a group of witnesses who are 218 00:12:32,640 --> 00:12:36,480 Speaker 1: simply refusing to cooperate with the investigation. I know they're 219 00:12:36,520 --> 00:12:40,640 Speaker 1: working under tight deadlines here, but why so many subpoenas 220 00:12:40,840 --> 00:12:45,200 Speaker 1: and is that a good strategy. The Committee has argued 221 00:12:45,240 --> 00:12:48,920 Speaker 1: that subpoenaing thirty five people and interviewing over a hundred 222 00:12:49,000 --> 00:12:53,120 Speaker 1: fifty people was necessary in order to fully investigate the 223 00:12:53,200 --> 00:12:56,400 Speaker 1: events of January six on the days leading up to 224 00:12:56,440 --> 00:12:59,480 Speaker 1: that insurrection. But it is a bit of a risky 225 00:12:59,520 --> 00:13:03,599 Speaker 1: strategy by the Committee because in issuing thirty five subpoenas, 226 00:13:03,600 --> 00:13:08,240 Speaker 1: it's possible that more individuals may simply refuse to cooperate, 227 00:13:08,559 --> 00:13:11,920 Speaker 1: and the Committee cannot hold them all in criminal contempt 228 00:13:12,200 --> 00:13:15,120 Speaker 1: and refer all those cases over to the Justice Department 229 00:13:15,280 --> 00:13:19,000 Speaker 1: and expect Attorney General Merrick Garland to prosecute all of them. 230 00:13:19,200 --> 00:13:21,040 Speaker 1: So in some ways, it is a bit of a 231 00:13:21,160 --> 00:13:24,360 Speaker 1: risky strategy by casting such a broad net and by 232 00:13:24,360 --> 00:13:27,520 Speaker 1: subpoenaing so many individuals. Will have to see how that 233 00:13:27,640 --> 00:13:30,040 Speaker 1: ultimately plays out. So far, they have gotten quite a 234 00:13:30,040 --> 00:13:32,680 Speaker 1: few people to cooperate, and we don't know how many 235 00:13:32,720 --> 00:13:36,640 Speaker 1: of those thirty five people who received subpoenas have cooperated, 236 00:13:37,000 --> 00:13:39,480 Speaker 1: But it could backfire on them if a number of 237 00:13:39,520 --> 00:13:42,840 Speaker 1: individuals simply refused to cooperate. Because it's as a practical matter, 238 00:13:43,000 --> 00:13:45,880 Speaker 1: it's going to be impossible for the Committee to enforce 239 00:13:45,960 --> 00:13:49,320 Speaker 1: every one of those subpoenas. So, Bob, as you said, 240 00:13:49,440 --> 00:13:54,640 Speaker 1: contempt of Congress charges are rare and politically messy, something 241 00:13:54,800 --> 00:13:59,520 Speaker 1: the Justice Department hasn't pursued since three Give us a 242 00:13:59,559 --> 00:14:02,600 Speaker 1: little of the history here. The road that we're seeing 243 00:14:02,640 --> 00:14:05,240 Speaker 1: Congress go down with regard to Steve Bowden is something 244 00:14:05,280 --> 00:14:08,480 Speaker 1: that Congress does not take lightly and frankly does not 245 00:14:08,640 --> 00:14:12,000 Speaker 1: engage in very often. It happens only and frequently. The 246 00:14:12,080 --> 00:14:15,040 Speaker 1: last time there was a successful prosecution that goes all 247 00:14:15,080 --> 00:14:18,079 Speaker 1: the way back to the Watergate era, when g. Gordon 248 00:14:18,200 --> 00:14:21,680 Speaker 1: Lady and Richard Klindiats were convicted and pleaded guilty for 249 00:14:21,760 --> 00:14:26,160 Speaker 1: refusing to answer Congressional inquiries. The last indictment we saw 250 00:14:26,600 --> 00:14:29,600 Speaker 1: in the contempt of Congress case was three decades ago, 251 00:14:29,760 --> 00:14:34,120 Speaker 1: involving a federal environmental official under President Ronald Reagan who 252 00:14:34,160 --> 00:14:37,560 Speaker 1: failed to respond to a House subpoena. The official, Redal Lavelle, 253 00:14:37,800 --> 00:14:40,280 Speaker 1: who headed the super fun would ultimately go on to 254 00:14:40,280 --> 00:14:43,280 Speaker 1: be acquitted of the contempt charge, but was later convicted 255 00:14:43,560 --> 00:14:46,000 Speaker 1: of lying to Congress and sentenced to six months in 256 00:14:46,040 --> 00:14:49,800 Speaker 1: prison and find ten thousand dollars, But the Justice Department 257 00:14:49,840 --> 00:14:54,760 Speaker 1: historically has been very wary of prosecuting these cases, particularly 258 00:14:54,760 --> 00:14:58,640 Speaker 1: in a situation where the witnesses who are being subpoenaed 259 00:14:58,880 --> 00:15:01,440 Speaker 1: and who are being held in contempt are of the 260 00:15:01,480 --> 00:15:04,680 Speaker 1: opposite political party from the House on the Department of 261 00:15:04,840 --> 00:15:08,640 Speaker 1: Justice that may be considering prosecuting them. And that's because 262 00:15:08,640 --> 00:15:11,440 Speaker 1: this whole process has a bit of a history of 263 00:15:11,520 --> 00:15:18,000 Speaker 1: being fraught with political overtones. Congress use contempt citations during 264 00:15:18,000 --> 00:15:21,040 Speaker 1: the House an American Activities Committee which was formed in 265 00:15:21,160 --> 00:15:26,440 Speaker 1: nineteen thirty eight to investigate individuals and organization first aversive activities, 266 00:15:26,640 --> 00:15:29,600 Speaker 1: particularly those related to the Communist Party. That was a 267 00:15:29,640 --> 00:15:32,280 Speaker 1: case in which many people in the film industry went 268 00:15:32,360 --> 00:15:37,160 Speaker 1: to prison rather than testify about their colleagues who may 269 00:15:37,200 --> 00:15:42,080 Speaker 1: have exhibited support for communist or communist leaning organizations. They 270 00:15:42,120 --> 00:15:45,240 Speaker 1: were blacklisted for their failure to cooperate and is something 271 00:15:45,280 --> 00:15:46,680 Speaker 1: that has been a bit of a stain on the 272 00:15:46,680 --> 00:15:49,640 Speaker 1: House of represented it ever since. So it's something that 273 00:15:49,720 --> 00:15:53,160 Speaker 1: has not been used much in recent years. Inspect during 274 00:15:53,160 --> 00:15:56,640 Speaker 1: the Obama administration, the Department of Justice declined to prosecute 275 00:15:56,720 --> 00:15:59,960 Speaker 1: an Attorney General Eric Holder and former I R. S 276 00:16:00,040 --> 00:16:05,920 Speaker 1: official Lewis Larner following contempt referrals from the Republican led House. Similarly, 277 00:16:06,000 --> 00:16:10,000 Speaker 1: George W. Bush's Justice Department declined to charge Harriet Myers 278 00:16:10,120 --> 00:16:13,000 Speaker 1: after the former White House Council defied a subpoena in 279 00:16:13,080 --> 00:16:17,119 Speaker 1: a Democratic investigation into mass firings of United States attorneys. 280 00:16:17,520 --> 00:16:20,640 Speaker 1: In all, the House has brought five criminal contempt and 281 00:16:20,760 --> 00:16:24,920 Speaker 1: three civil contempt actions against Executive Branch officials since two 282 00:16:24,920 --> 00:16:28,040 Speaker 1: thousand and eight, and in each case the Executive Branch 283 00:16:28,240 --> 00:16:31,920 Speaker 1: the Department of Justice has refused to pursue those cases criminally. 284 00:16:32,280 --> 00:16:34,840 Speaker 1: Thanks for being on the Bloomberg Lass Show, Bob That's 285 00:16:34,880 --> 00:16:39,640 Speaker 1: former federal prosecutor Robert Mints, a partner at McCarter and English. 286 00:16:40,160 --> 00:16:43,480 Speaker 1: Texas schools can once again set their own mask rules. 287 00:16:43,600 --> 00:16:46,560 Speaker 1: After a loss for Governor Greg Abbott in the first 288 00:16:46,600 --> 00:16:50,800 Speaker 1: federal court ruling over his anti mask crusade, Federal Judge 289 00:16:50,880 --> 00:16:55,520 Speaker 1: Lee Jaco permanently blocked Abbot's edict banning school mask mandates, 290 00:16:55,880 --> 00:16:58,880 Speaker 1: ruling it was a violation of disabled students right to 291 00:16:59,000 --> 00:17:03,520 Speaker 1: equally access educational facilities. Joining me is Tom Melsheimer, a 292 00:17:03,560 --> 00:17:07,199 Speaker 1: partner at Winston and Strong who represented the students at trial, 293 00:17:07,600 --> 00:17:10,520 Speaker 1: tell us. Your main argument to the judge, Well, we 294 00:17:10,600 --> 00:17:15,199 Speaker 1: represented a group of students with disabilities who were challenging 295 00:17:15,800 --> 00:17:21,760 Speaker 1: Governor Abbot's executive order banning mask mandates in public schools. 296 00:17:21,840 --> 00:17:25,439 Speaker 1: And the argument that we made successfully was that the 297 00:17:25,600 --> 00:17:30,120 Speaker 1: order restricting the use of mass mandates violated the Americans 298 00:17:30,240 --> 00:17:35,199 Speaker 1: with Disabilities Act and related statutes because it prevented school 299 00:17:35,240 --> 00:17:40,600 Speaker 1: districts from making reasonable accommodations to assist students with disabilities 300 00:17:40,720 --> 00:17:43,560 Speaker 1: get the full benefits of an in person education. So 301 00:17:43,760 --> 00:17:47,359 Speaker 1: it really starts with the premise that in person education 302 00:17:47,680 --> 00:17:50,560 Speaker 1: is what every student is entitled to, and that there 303 00:17:50,600 --> 00:17:53,800 Speaker 1: are strong benefits to in person education that cannot be 304 00:17:53,920 --> 00:17:58,560 Speaker 1: duplicated virtually or online, and that to say that the 305 00:17:58,720 --> 00:18:02,600 Speaker 1: disabled students, to extent they had hyped fears or risk 306 00:18:02,680 --> 00:18:05,360 Speaker 1: of COVID, to say that they could simply stay home 307 00:18:05,480 --> 00:18:08,399 Speaker 1: and take classes vertually, that's not an answer under the 308 00:18:08,480 --> 00:18:11,720 Speaker 1: law and under the Americans with Disabilities Acts. So the 309 00:18:11,960 --> 00:18:16,480 Speaker 1: whole premise was that kids with disabilities were entitled to 310 00:18:17,000 --> 00:18:21,880 Speaker 1: at least ask for mask requirements, and school districts were 311 00:18:22,040 --> 00:18:26,520 Speaker 1: entitled to consider them as a reasonable accommodation, and the 312 00:18:27,240 --> 00:18:33,080 Speaker 1: governor's order preventing that basically interfered with and violated the 313 00:18:33,320 --> 00:18:37,600 Speaker 1: civil rights of these of these disabled kids. The governor's ordered. 314 00:18:37,760 --> 00:18:42,080 Speaker 1: Was there an order specifically relating to schools. Yes, well, 315 00:18:42,160 --> 00:18:46,480 Speaker 1: actually the order barred all all kinds of mass mandates 316 00:18:46,480 --> 00:18:51,080 Speaker 1: and public settings, including school districts, and so we were 317 00:18:51,119 --> 00:18:55,080 Speaker 1: focused on the application of it in the public schools. 318 00:18:55,720 --> 00:18:59,720 Speaker 1: What was the argument that the state made. Well, the 319 00:19:00,080 --> 00:19:04,919 Speaker 1: legal argument they made was interesting, and so let me 320 00:19:05,000 --> 00:19:09,160 Speaker 1: say what they didn't say. They didn't challenge that masking 321 00:19:09,320 --> 00:19:12,879 Speaker 1: was effective at mitigating the risk of COVID. They didn't 322 00:19:12,960 --> 00:19:17,439 Speaker 1: challenge that the disabled kids were at higher risk of 323 00:19:18,000 --> 00:19:21,439 Speaker 1: side effects and bad consequences from COVID. They didn't challenge 324 00:19:21,440 --> 00:19:26,880 Speaker 1: any of that. They basically argued that our clients lacked 325 00:19:27,080 --> 00:19:32,879 Speaker 1: standing to sue to block enforcement of disorder. And this 326 00:19:32,920 --> 00:19:36,480 Speaker 1: is where it gets tricky because the state says this 327 00:19:36,800 --> 00:19:42,719 Speaker 1: order doesn't have an enforcement mechanism. It doesn't delegate enforcement 328 00:19:42,800 --> 00:19:45,760 Speaker 1: of the order to say, the Attorney General or to 329 00:19:46,800 --> 00:19:50,760 Speaker 1: the local district attorney or whatever. It doesn't say anything 330 00:19:50,800 --> 00:19:55,080 Speaker 1: about who enforces. It just says you can't have mass mandates, 331 00:19:55,280 --> 00:19:57,439 Speaker 1: and if you have a mass mandate, you're subject to 332 00:19:57,520 --> 00:20:01,600 Speaker 1: a ten thou a day five, Okay, And they said, well, 333 00:20:01,840 --> 00:20:06,240 Speaker 1: you can't sue in federal court the Attorney General because 334 00:20:06,280 --> 00:20:11,000 Speaker 1: he's not specifically authorized to enforce the statute. So you're 335 00:20:11,040 --> 00:20:15,920 Speaker 1: suing the wrong person essentially. Now our decision was, wait 336 00:20:15,920 --> 00:20:19,479 Speaker 1: a minute, the Attorney General is out there suing school 337 00:20:19,520 --> 00:20:22,800 Speaker 1: districts for violating g. A thirty eight. I mean, he's 338 00:20:22,840 --> 00:20:27,280 Speaker 1: sending threatening letters to school districts. He's filing lawsuits seeking 339 00:20:27,280 --> 00:20:31,760 Speaker 1: injunctive relief to prohibit the use of mass mandates. So 340 00:20:32,040 --> 00:20:35,320 Speaker 1: what is he doing if not enforcing it? This is 341 00:20:35,359 --> 00:20:37,800 Speaker 1: the you know, it looks like a duck and cracks 342 00:20:37,840 --> 00:20:39,920 Speaker 1: like a duck and walks like a duck. It's a duck. 343 00:20:40,200 --> 00:20:43,240 Speaker 1: But the state took the position that that doesn't matter 344 00:20:43,320 --> 00:20:46,520 Speaker 1: the fact that the Attorney journal was suing to enforce 345 00:20:46,640 --> 00:20:48,960 Speaker 1: the anti mass mandate, the fact that he was threatening 346 00:20:49,080 --> 00:20:53,040 Speaker 1: school districts. If he didn't have the authority in the 347 00:20:53,160 --> 00:20:57,240 Speaker 1: regulation or order itself, he couldn't be sued. And that 348 00:20:57,359 --> 00:21:00,720 Speaker 1: was really the gist of their argument. The Department of 349 00:21:00,800 --> 00:21:05,600 Speaker 1: Justice wigh in. They did. They weighed in on the 350 00:21:05,680 --> 00:21:10,159 Speaker 1: issue of violation of the Americans with Disabilities Act. In 351 00:21:10,280 --> 00:21:14,160 Speaker 1: the in the use of masking as a reasonable accommodation. 352 00:21:14,160 --> 00:21:18,080 Speaker 1: I mean, we look, we argued that masking was really 353 00:21:18,119 --> 00:21:22,119 Speaker 1: no different from ramps. That you imagine you had a 354 00:21:22,680 --> 00:21:27,000 Speaker 1: state order or regulation or executive order that said school 355 00:21:27,040 --> 00:21:30,239 Speaker 1: diserts can't have ramps. Now we would say, we'll wait 356 00:21:30,280 --> 00:21:33,240 Speaker 1: a minute, shouldn't the school districts have the ability to 357 00:21:33,600 --> 00:21:36,840 Speaker 1: use ramps if they had students in wheelchairs or students 358 00:21:36,920 --> 00:21:40,520 Speaker 1: that needed assistance in assessing the school or particular part 359 00:21:40,520 --> 00:21:43,880 Speaker 1: of the school. And that's really what the Justice Department 360 00:21:43,920 --> 00:21:46,199 Speaker 1: weighed in on as well. It's just saying, look, this 361 00:21:46,359 --> 00:21:49,760 Speaker 1: is a reasonable accommodation that the students ought to be 362 00:21:49,880 --> 00:21:53,000 Speaker 1: entitled to. The other thing that is important that I 363 00:21:53,040 --> 00:21:55,960 Speaker 1: don't think everyone fully appreciates. And the state tried to 364 00:21:56,240 --> 00:21:59,040 Speaker 1: argue that we were making this point when we were not, 365 00:21:59,240 --> 00:22:01,960 Speaker 1: which is the was not a case where we're arguing 366 00:22:02,119 --> 00:22:04,280 Speaker 1: that you had to have mass mandates. We were not 367 00:22:04,480 --> 00:22:07,600 Speaker 1: arguing for universal masking. We were not saying that the 368 00:22:07,680 --> 00:22:12,240 Speaker 1: only way to mitigate COVID for disabled students is masking. 369 00:22:12,359 --> 00:22:14,680 Speaker 1: We weren't saying that. We simply were saying that you 370 00:22:14,840 --> 00:22:19,520 Speaker 1: can't take that out of the arsenal of weapons against COVID. 371 00:22:19,560 --> 00:22:22,680 Speaker 1: And if you do that, it's akin to saying it 372 00:22:22,760 --> 00:22:25,679 Speaker 1: can't have ramps and schools, and it's taking out an 373 00:22:25,680 --> 00:22:29,160 Speaker 1: accommodation that ought to be available to the schools if 374 00:22:29,200 --> 00:22:32,359 Speaker 1: they choose to enact it. So tell us about the 375 00:22:32,440 --> 00:22:36,440 Speaker 1: judges ruling. Well, again, he took note to the fact 376 00:22:36,520 --> 00:22:40,040 Speaker 1: that the state did not question the risk of COVID 377 00:22:40,080 --> 00:22:43,320 Speaker 1: in the schools. The state did not question the risk 378 00:22:43,400 --> 00:22:47,040 Speaker 1: of COVID two children with disabilities, The state did not 379 00:22:47,280 --> 00:22:52,000 Speaker 1: challenge your question the efficacy of masking. And given those 380 00:22:52,240 --> 00:22:56,320 Speaker 1: in effect agreed to or stipulated facts, he concluded that 381 00:22:56,600 --> 00:23:01,119 Speaker 1: the executive order of Governor Abbott violated American's disability to 382 00:23:01,160 --> 00:23:05,200 Speaker 1: act because it prevented school districts from offering masking is 383 00:23:05,240 --> 00:23:08,560 Speaker 1: an accommodation. So he had joined the enforcement of it 384 00:23:08,600 --> 00:23:12,480 Speaker 1: by the Attorney General in his injunction prohibits the Attorney 385 00:23:12,520 --> 00:23:16,320 Speaker 1: General from threatening school districts or from suing school districts 386 00:23:16,600 --> 00:23:20,560 Speaker 1: to enforce G. Thirty eight, so called any mass mandate. 387 00:23:20,880 --> 00:23:23,640 Speaker 1: And that's really the seven substance of it. And he 388 00:23:23,720 --> 00:23:27,480 Speaker 1: was the first federal judge to rule on Abbot's mask 389 00:23:27,600 --> 00:23:32,480 Speaker 1: then well, so absolutely the first federal judge in Texas 390 00:23:32,600 --> 00:23:36,160 Speaker 1: to rule on anything with respect to the mass mandate. 391 00:23:36,240 --> 00:23:39,200 Speaker 1: But it's even broader than that. There were a number 392 00:23:39,200 --> 00:23:43,520 Speaker 1: of these challenges brought in federal courts throughout the country, 393 00:23:43,520 --> 00:23:47,880 Speaker 1: in Iowa, in Tennessee, in Florida. A number of these 394 00:23:47,920 --> 00:23:53,600 Speaker 1: cases where governors had issued similar orders purporting to ban 395 00:23:53,920 --> 00:23:56,960 Speaker 1: the use of mass mandates. What was unique about this 396 00:23:57,160 --> 00:24:00,760 Speaker 1: case is that it was a fy an old trial 397 00:24:00,920 --> 00:24:05,160 Speaker 1: on the merits. Those other cases were preliminary matters where 398 00:24:05,200 --> 00:24:08,520 Speaker 1: a group of disabled students or a disabled students rights 399 00:24:08,560 --> 00:24:13,280 Speaker 1: group were seeking preliminary relief or expedited or emergency relief. 400 00:24:13,720 --> 00:24:17,800 Speaker 1: Judge Jakole's ruling in Texas was a full trial on 401 00:24:17,840 --> 00:24:21,480 Speaker 1: the merits after discovery. So this was a final judgment. 402 00:24:21,560 --> 00:24:24,520 Speaker 1: This is an a temporary ruling pending a trial. We 403 00:24:24,560 --> 00:24:27,840 Speaker 1: conducted all the discovery, we did all the briefing on 404 00:24:27,960 --> 00:24:32,159 Speaker 1: the motion practice, and we had a full trial in October, 405 00:24:32,960 --> 00:24:36,520 Speaker 1: which he then ruled on with a complete record. So 406 00:24:36,600 --> 00:24:40,720 Speaker 1: this means that at this point, school districts in Texas 407 00:24:40,840 --> 00:24:45,280 Speaker 1: can require masks. They absolutely can require masks. And you know, 408 00:24:45,320 --> 00:24:47,560 Speaker 1: I want to make this point because a lot of 409 00:24:47,560 --> 00:24:50,359 Speaker 1: people think it's sort of a binary thing, mass or 410 00:24:50,359 --> 00:24:53,680 Speaker 1: no mass. But the truth is you can have masking 411 00:24:53,840 --> 00:24:57,760 Speaker 1: in a classroom, you can have masking requirements in a 412 00:24:57,800 --> 00:25:00,919 Speaker 1: wing of the school. You can have mask requirements in 413 00:25:00,960 --> 00:25:05,640 Speaker 1: a particular school in a broader district. And this injunction 414 00:25:05,720 --> 00:25:10,399 Speaker 1: that Judge Yakol entered allows school districts across Texas to 415 00:25:10,600 --> 00:25:13,320 Speaker 1: do whatever they think makes sense. And you may have 416 00:25:13,359 --> 00:25:16,959 Speaker 1: a small rural district with a handful of students and 417 00:25:17,040 --> 00:25:20,760 Speaker 1: no students with disabilities. Those school districts may elect to say, 418 00:25:20,800 --> 00:25:23,200 Speaker 1: you know, we don't need a mass mandate where we are. 419 00:25:23,680 --> 00:25:28,199 Speaker 1: You've got school districts in in Houston or Dallas or 420 00:25:28,240 --> 00:25:32,600 Speaker 1: elsewhere that are dealing with large numbers of disabled students 421 00:25:32,640 --> 00:25:37,320 Speaker 1: in their school population. They're going to elect potentially to say, yes, 422 00:25:37,440 --> 00:25:40,680 Speaker 1: we need mass mandates to protect our students. So it's 423 00:25:40,720 --> 00:25:43,320 Speaker 1: it's it's going to be sort of the freedom of 424 00:25:43,359 --> 00:25:50,040 Speaker 1: these districts to taylor the appropriate masking requirement to their 425 00:25:50,080 --> 00:25:54,679 Speaker 1: particular situation. The state is going to appeal. That appeal 426 00:25:54,720 --> 00:25:57,800 Speaker 1: will be to the Fifth Circuit, which is the most 427 00:25:57,840 --> 00:26:01,960 Speaker 1: conservative circuit in the tree. What are your chances on 428 00:26:02,000 --> 00:26:05,879 Speaker 1: appeal like our chances, in part for the reasons I 429 00:26:05,960 --> 00:26:09,920 Speaker 1: stated earlier that the state did not challenge really any 430 00:26:10,000 --> 00:26:13,440 Speaker 1: of our factual assertions about the risk of COVID to 431 00:26:13,520 --> 00:26:17,119 Speaker 1: disabled students, the efficacy of masking. That's not going to 432 00:26:17,240 --> 00:26:21,080 Speaker 1: be debated in the appellate court. The only issue that's 433 00:26:21,119 --> 00:26:23,400 Speaker 1: really going to be before the appellate Court is going 434 00:26:23,440 --> 00:26:26,399 Speaker 1: to be this issue of standing, and I think we've 435 00:26:26,440 --> 00:26:29,679 Speaker 1: got the better of the position on that. You know, 436 00:26:29,800 --> 00:26:34,280 Speaker 1: this is the same issue in a slightly different circumstances 437 00:26:35,200 --> 00:26:40,480 Speaker 1: that is before the Supreme Court in Texas Senate Bill eight, 438 00:26:41,240 --> 00:26:46,960 Speaker 1: the statute which allows private citizens to sue abortion providers 439 00:26:47,160 --> 00:26:51,040 Speaker 1: or those individuals assisting in an abortion after a certain 440 00:26:51,080 --> 00:26:55,240 Speaker 1: period of time of the pregnancy. That case involves a 441 00:26:55,359 --> 00:26:58,560 Speaker 1: private citizens suing in the State of Texas. View in 442 00:26:58,560 --> 00:27:01,560 Speaker 1: that case is, hey, we're not suing anyone, We're not 443 00:27:01,640 --> 00:27:05,200 Speaker 1: prohibiting anyone from doing anything. It's all private citizens. It's 444 00:27:05,240 --> 00:27:08,919 Speaker 1: a similar issue here that they're arguing. They're saying the 445 00:27:08,920 --> 00:27:13,439 Speaker 1: Attorney General is not really enforcing this order. I just 446 00:27:13,520 --> 00:27:16,879 Speaker 1: think the record that was developed in front of Judge Jacob, 447 00:27:17,240 --> 00:27:20,520 Speaker 1: the record of numerous lawsuits filed by the Attorney General, 448 00:27:20,600 --> 00:27:24,719 Speaker 1: the record of letters written threatening school districts, the record 449 00:27:24,760 --> 00:27:28,720 Speaker 1: of school districts that had mass mandates that then withdrew 450 00:27:28,760 --> 00:27:32,240 Speaker 1: their mass mandates upon getting a threatening letter or a 451 00:27:32,280 --> 00:27:35,440 Speaker 1: threatening phone call from the Attorney General's office, or after 452 00:27:35,480 --> 00:27:38,520 Speaker 1: they were sued. I think that record is very very 453 00:27:38,600 --> 00:27:42,840 Speaker 1: strong for finding that in this case, the planists do 454 00:27:42,960 --> 00:27:47,159 Speaker 1: have standing to bring this kind of challenge. So so 455 00:27:47,240 --> 00:27:50,000 Speaker 1: you think it will the issue is just going to 456 00:27:50,080 --> 00:27:53,280 Speaker 1: be what we a procedural issue. It's it's not going 457 00:27:53,320 --> 00:27:56,120 Speaker 1: to go to the heart of should there be masks 458 00:27:56,240 --> 00:27:59,959 Speaker 1: or not. I don't think it can go to that because, 459 00:28:00,080 --> 00:28:04,400 Speaker 1: for whatever reason, the state did not challenge the science. 460 00:28:04,800 --> 00:28:08,400 Speaker 1: They didn't have their own experts. They didn't offer, for example, 461 00:28:08,520 --> 00:28:12,240 Speaker 1: an expert that said that mass or deleterious in somewhere, 462 00:28:12,280 --> 00:28:14,520 Speaker 1: or they have a harmful impact, or that mass aren't 463 00:28:14,560 --> 00:28:18,240 Speaker 1: necessary or mass don't work. They didn't challenge that at all. 464 00:28:18,359 --> 00:28:21,080 Speaker 1: So that's why I mean, of course, you never know 465 00:28:21,760 --> 00:28:24,320 Speaker 1: what a reviewing court's going to do. There's a lot 466 00:28:24,359 --> 00:28:29,439 Speaker 1: of unpredictability in this. But this wasn't joined issue on 467 00:28:29,920 --> 00:28:33,439 Speaker 1: mask efficacy or the science. If the issue was only 468 00:28:33,560 --> 00:28:38,280 Speaker 1: joined with respect to these procedural issues, which are important issues. 469 00:28:38,320 --> 00:28:40,959 Speaker 1: I'm not minimizing them, but the state is not going 470 00:28:41,000 --> 00:28:42,280 Speaker 1: to be able to go in front of the Fifth 471 00:28:42,320 --> 00:28:45,960 Speaker 1: Circuit or any higher court and make arguments that they 472 00:28:46,000 --> 00:28:49,640 Speaker 1: didn't make in front of Judge Jacob about masking or 473 00:28:49,800 --> 00:28:52,400 Speaker 1: or the efficacy of masking or the need for masking. 474 00:28:53,160 --> 00:28:57,240 Speaker 1: Do school districts in Texas favor masks? I think it 475 00:28:57,360 --> 00:28:59,840 Speaker 1: depends on the school district. I think a lot of 476 00:29:00,200 --> 00:29:04,840 Speaker 1: urban school districts that have a large populations, very diverse 477 00:29:04,880 --> 00:29:11,040 Speaker 1: student populations, including significant populations of students with disabilities, they 478 00:29:11,040 --> 00:29:14,000 Speaker 1: absolutely do favor them. I think school districts that are 479 00:29:14,080 --> 00:29:17,160 Speaker 1: in rural communities that are smaller than are less diverse, 480 00:29:17,400 --> 00:29:19,680 Speaker 1: I think they typically don't. But it's not one size 481 00:29:19,720 --> 00:29:22,480 Speaker 1: fits all. There are some more rural districts that have 482 00:29:22,600 --> 00:29:26,520 Speaker 1: been seeking to have mass requirements. There are some larger 483 00:29:26,560 --> 00:29:29,120 Speaker 1: school districts that have decided they don't need them, and 484 00:29:29,160 --> 00:29:31,440 Speaker 1: that and that's really of all the things we did 485 00:29:31,440 --> 00:29:33,840 Speaker 1: in our argument in this case. I think, you know, 486 00:29:33,880 --> 00:29:37,360 Speaker 1: the the strategic decision that we made early on to 487 00:29:37,600 --> 00:29:41,480 Speaker 1: frame this as not pro mask any mask but to 488 00:29:41,600 --> 00:29:46,160 Speaker 1: frame it as giving these districts the ability to put 489 00:29:46,160 --> 00:29:48,680 Speaker 1: in ramps if they want to, but they don't have to. 490 00:29:49,120 --> 00:29:52,200 Speaker 1: If they've got kids with peanut allergies, they can decide 491 00:29:52,320 --> 00:29:55,520 Speaker 1: we're not going to have peanuts in the cafeteria. Giving 492 00:29:55,600 --> 00:29:59,120 Speaker 1: them the freedom and flexibility. I think that resonated with 493 00:29:59,160 --> 00:30:02,920 Speaker 1: the judge, and I think you will resonate more genuinely. 494 00:30:03,600 --> 00:30:07,000 Speaker 1: Thanks Tom. That's Tom mel Scheimer of Winston and Strown. 495 00:30:09,240 --> 00:30:12,200 Speaker 1: Former New York Governor Andrew Cuomo could be forced to 496 00:30:12,240 --> 00:30:14,920 Speaker 1: return the more than five million dollars earned from his 497 00:30:15,000 --> 00:30:19,200 Speaker 1: pandemic book. The Joint Commission on Public Ethics, New York's 498 00:30:19,240 --> 00:30:23,800 Speaker 1: ethics watchdog, voted Tuesday to rescind its approval for Cuomo 499 00:30:23,840 --> 00:30:28,360 Speaker 1: to write American Crisis Leadership Lessons from the COVID nineteen 500 00:30:28,440 --> 00:30:31,520 Speaker 1: Pandemic in a twelve to one vote. The panel said 501 00:30:31,520 --> 00:30:34,960 Speaker 1: Cuomo violated the Commission's requirements that he write the book 502 00:30:35,000 --> 00:30:37,720 Speaker 1: on his own time and also took issue with the 503 00:30:37,720 --> 00:30:41,200 Speaker 1: book's content. But an attorney for Cuomo said the former 504 00:30:41,240 --> 00:30:44,200 Speaker 1: governor is ready to take the matter to court. Joining 505 00:30:44,200 --> 00:30:47,320 Speaker 1: me is Brad Moss, a partner in Mark Zade Brad 506 00:30:47,360 --> 00:30:50,160 Speaker 1: tell us why Cuomo needed permission to write the book, 507 00:30:51,000 --> 00:30:55,640 Speaker 1: so the former governor needed, given his position as public 508 00:30:55,720 --> 00:31:00,360 Speaker 1: official position at that time as the governor, um acquired 509 00:31:00,440 --> 00:31:04,040 Speaker 1: him to seek approval to ensure that he wasn't using 510 00:31:04,080 --> 00:31:08,000 Speaker 1: government resources and government time to write what would be 511 00:31:08,040 --> 00:31:14,240 Speaker 1: a private book for obviously private compensation. He secured the approval, 512 00:31:14,280 --> 00:31:17,920 Speaker 1: but they have rescinded it now based on the conclusion. 513 00:31:17,960 --> 00:31:20,600 Speaker 1: And some of this came out in the earlier media reporting. 514 00:31:21,200 --> 00:31:25,000 Speaker 1: Some of it came out in Leticia James's report into 515 00:31:25,040 --> 00:31:30,040 Speaker 1: the sexual misconduct allegations that he had sort of pressured 516 00:31:30,600 --> 00:31:34,040 Speaker 1: various officials to quote unquote volunteer their time and that 517 00:31:34,160 --> 00:31:36,520 Speaker 1: the premise of the book was not what he had 518 00:31:36,520 --> 00:31:39,720 Speaker 1: originally explained to the commission it would be, and it 519 00:31:39,920 --> 00:31:42,040 Speaker 1: raised doubt in the commission whether or not there had 520 00:31:42,120 --> 00:31:44,800 Speaker 1: been a lack of candor and how he got the 521 00:31:44,800 --> 00:31:47,200 Speaker 1: original approval, and that's why they took the action they did. 522 00:31:47,360 --> 00:31:49,840 Speaker 1: What do they want him to do? He's gotten about 523 00:31:49,880 --> 00:31:52,920 Speaker 1: three million dollars already. What are they expecting him to do? 524 00:31:53,480 --> 00:31:57,240 Speaker 1: Be can essentially he can refund the money, or he 525 00:31:57,360 --> 00:32:02,720 Speaker 1: can try to base the really sue them, claiming that 526 00:32:03,040 --> 00:32:07,080 Speaker 1: the essence of their conclusion was flawed and was not 527 00:32:07,520 --> 00:32:11,640 Speaker 1: sufficiently based on the existing legal factors. And what they're 528 00:32:11,640 --> 00:32:14,600 Speaker 1: gonna argue and you've seen some of that foreshadowed in 529 00:32:14,720 --> 00:32:18,600 Speaker 1: the attorney's initial responses is that this comes down to 530 00:32:18,960 --> 00:32:22,120 Speaker 1: at most of miscommunication, that there was paper work between 531 00:32:22,160 --> 00:32:26,800 Speaker 1: the supers, between the Commission and Clomo's lawyers, that the 532 00:32:26,920 --> 00:32:30,000 Speaker 1: understanding of what this would be was laid out there, 533 00:32:30,040 --> 00:32:31,640 Speaker 1: and if there was a miscommunication, it was on the 534 00:32:31,680 --> 00:32:35,200 Speaker 1: commission side, not Clomos died, and that in fact, there 535 00:32:35,280 --> 00:32:38,240 Speaker 1: was no pressure on people to quote unquote volunteer their time. 536 00:32:38,320 --> 00:32:42,080 Speaker 1: That's going to be their argument. My assumption, my expectation 537 00:32:42,720 --> 00:32:45,600 Speaker 1: is that this will be settled, He'll refund some portion 538 00:32:46,120 --> 00:32:48,360 Speaker 1: of the book advanced and the profit, and then it 539 00:32:48,400 --> 00:32:51,520 Speaker 1: will continue on. There's not a lot the Commission can 540 00:32:51,560 --> 00:32:54,600 Speaker 1: do beyond that. There's too much gray area and nuance 541 00:32:54,720 --> 00:32:58,960 Speaker 1: here for them to really push this too far. My expectations, 542 00:32:58,960 --> 00:33:01,680 Speaker 1: they just want to get their chunk of flesh, take 543 00:33:01,800 --> 00:33:04,200 Speaker 1: some money back, and make him refund it and go 544 00:33:04,280 --> 00:33:09,360 Speaker 1: on from there. So Cuomo's spokesman released documents outlining the 545 00:33:09,400 --> 00:33:13,560 Speaker 1: distinction between the use of public resources versus staff volunteering 546 00:33:13,560 --> 00:33:17,000 Speaker 1: their own time. He said, it's the height of hypocrisy 547 00:33:17,080 --> 00:33:20,640 Speaker 1: for Hocal, the Governor of New York, and the legislature's 548 00:33:20,680 --> 00:33:24,360 Speaker 1: appointees to take this position, given that these elected officials 549 00:33:24,440 --> 00:33:27,920 Speaker 1: routinely use their own staff for political and personal assistance 550 00:33:28,000 --> 00:33:30,760 Speaker 1: on their own time. Now that is true if they 551 00:33:30,800 --> 00:33:35,800 Speaker 1: start look into this. So if it came to court action, 552 00:33:36,560 --> 00:33:39,480 Speaker 1: these people might come up and say, well, yeah, we volunteered, 553 00:33:40,120 --> 00:33:42,920 Speaker 1: then I certainly could. And if those individuals want to 554 00:33:43,000 --> 00:33:47,320 Speaker 1: come forward with scorn testimony, whether in writing or verbal testimony, 555 00:33:47,360 --> 00:33:50,600 Speaker 1: and state yes, I completely volunteered. I had no way 556 00:33:50,720 --> 00:33:53,480 Speaker 1: was pressured to do so, this was of my own 557 00:33:53,520 --> 00:33:57,080 Speaker 1: free will, that would certainly undermine the commission's argument. There's 558 00:33:57,120 --> 00:33:59,280 Speaker 1: still be the separate issue of whether or not the 559 00:33:59,320 --> 00:34:03,040 Speaker 1: premise of the book that came out was consistent with 560 00:34:03,040 --> 00:34:05,440 Speaker 1: what was originally conveyed. Was the basis for approval. Was 561 00:34:05,440 --> 00:34:08,839 Speaker 1: supposed to be a follow up to book. It ended 562 00:34:08,880 --> 00:34:12,880 Speaker 1: up being something different, tied more to the pandemic. It's 563 00:34:12,880 --> 00:34:16,399 Speaker 1: something where he could have potentially gotten approval even with 564 00:34:16,480 --> 00:34:19,239 Speaker 1: that premise. But the Commission's argument is, you didn't tell us, 565 00:34:19,280 --> 00:34:21,760 Speaker 1: that's how it was going to be you mislead us, 566 00:34:21,800 --> 00:34:24,480 Speaker 1: and that was your misleading premise was what got you 567 00:34:24,520 --> 00:34:26,880 Speaker 1: approval in the first place. So there's a lot to 568 00:34:26,960 --> 00:34:29,400 Speaker 1: still be worked out here. I almost certainly expect that 569 00:34:29,480 --> 00:34:31,600 Speaker 1: will be a lawsuit that was this will be challenged 570 00:34:31,600 --> 00:34:37,000 Speaker 1: in court. There will be lots of depositions and documentation collected, 571 00:34:37,160 --> 00:34:39,440 Speaker 1: and this is why I expect it will settle at 572 00:34:39,520 --> 00:34:42,040 Speaker 1: some point for some amount of money. That will be 573 00:34:42,080 --> 00:34:46,000 Speaker 1: a confidential stone to say that the book was different 574 00:34:46,080 --> 00:34:47,960 Speaker 1: from what they thought it would be. I mean, they 575 00:34:47,960 --> 00:34:50,880 Speaker 1: would have given him permission to write another book. It 576 00:34:51,000 --> 00:34:54,080 Speaker 1: just seems as if they're grasping at straws there. You know, 577 00:34:54,120 --> 00:34:57,640 Speaker 1: he could say the book evolved as I was writing it. Yeah, 578 00:34:57,680 --> 00:34:59,839 Speaker 1: And it's you know, if if nothing else, this is 579 00:35:00,000 --> 00:35:02,040 Speaker 1: you know, sort of the commission doing what it wants 580 00:35:02,080 --> 00:35:06,359 Speaker 1: to hear because it can. He's obviously politically weakened. There's 581 00:35:06,400 --> 00:35:09,680 Speaker 1: a question about, you know, improper abuse of authority that's 582 00:35:09,680 --> 00:35:13,439 Speaker 1: already existing. They see an opportunity to kind of strike 583 00:35:13,480 --> 00:35:16,000 Speaker 1: while the iron is hot. It doesn't mean that their 584 00:35:16,239 --> 00:35:19,759 Speaker 1: conclusions are inappropriate or not based in good faith upon 585 00:35:19,880 --> 00:35:23,000 Speaker 1: the fact, but of course it does raise a concern 586 00:35:23,040 --> 00:35:26,520 Speaker 1: about whether or not this is their own abuse of discretion, 587 00:35:26,520 --> 00:35:29,279 Speaker 1: which I'm sure will be part of whatever the litigation 588 00:35:29,400 --> 00:35:32,600 Speaker 1: is that the former governor's lawyers will almost certainly bring, 589 00:35:32,640 --> 00:35:36,600 Speaker 1: as they'll try to point to essentially a politicization of 590 00:35:36,640 --> 00:35:39,920 Speaker 1: the process. They'll try to claim this is overreaching, an 591 00:35:39,960 --> 00:35:42,640 Speaker 1: abuse of the discretion of the Commission. Whether or not 592 00:35:42,680 --> 00:35:45,200 Speaker 1: that argument will go anywhere remains to be seen. I 593 00:35:45,200 --> 00:35:48,000 Speaker 1: don't expect it will, but it will play into sort 594 00:35:48,000 --> 00:35:51,680 Speaker 1: of the all encompassing political aspect of this when former 595 00:35:51,680 --> 00:35:55,120 Speaker 1: Governor Cuomo almost certainly tries to make a comeback. So 596 00:35:55,200 --> 00:35:57,640 Speaker 1: let me ask you this bread would the Commission bring 597 00:35:57,680 --> 00:36:00,600 Speaker 1: the lawsuit or would Cuomo bring the law suit? Because 598 00:36:00,680 --> 00:36:04,080 Speaker 1: the Commission doesn't have any power to do anything, do they, 599 00:36:04,400 --> 00:36:06,840 Speaker 1: So Governor Culomo would bring the lawsuit because if he 600 00:36:06,920 --> 00:36:09,560 Speaker 1: takes no action right now in light of this vote, 601 00:36:09,960 --> 00:36:11,840 Speaker 1: the Commission can move and I'm not sure if the 602 00:36:11,880 --> 00:36:15,840 Speaker 1: specific mechanism, whether they have referred to another entity, or 603 00:36:15,880 --> 00:36:18,520 Speaker 1: if they have the power themselves to implement it, but 604 00:36:18,640 --> 00:36:21,279 Speaker 1: they can move to basically impose like the equivalent of 605 00:36:21,280 --> 00:36:25,920 Speaker 1: a lead or monetary sanction against him personally for the 606 00:36:26,000 --> 00:36:28,879 Speaker 1: money he was able to collect based off this. Now 607 00:36:28,920 --> 00:36:31,480 Speaker 1: we're sending approval, so he will I think if it 608 00:36:31,600 --> 00:36:35,280 Speaker 1: is the equivalence of the government has gotten the imposed 609 00:36:35,320 --> 00:36:37,360 Speaker 1: it got getting ready to impose a lean on your house, 610 00:36:37,880 --> 00:36:40,880 Speaker 1: and you sue to challenge the authority of them to 611 00:36:40,920 --> 00:36:44,000 Speaker 1: do so or the basis for them doing so. That's 612 00:36:44,040 --> 00:36:46,960 Speaker 1: basically the context of which he'll will bring almost certainly 613 00:36:46,960 --> 00:36:50,000 Speaker 1: this lawsuit. And where would the money go? He does, 614 00:36:50,040 --> 00:36:53,359 Speaker 1: he return the money to the publishers, so they have 615 00:36:53,880 --> 00:36:57,520 Speaker 1: the unintended benefit. It would likely get donated, whether to 616 00:36:57,560 --> 00:37:01,359 Speaker 1: a charitable organization or quite possibly to some type of 617 00:37:01,520 --> 00:37:03,719 Speaker 1: fund that would go to the government. My assumptions that 618 00:37:03,800 --> 00:37:06,000 Speaker 1: can't go to New York State government in any form, 619 00:37:06,040 --> 00:37:08,400 Speaker 1: but it can almost certainly get refunded to a charitable 620 00:37:08,480 --> 00:37:11,240 Speaker 1: organization of some sort, which is probably what will happen anyway. 621 00:37:11,360 --> 00:37:14,120 Speaker 1: But none of this is written down. This is like 622 00:37:14,160 --> 00:37:16,359 Speaker 1: the first time this has happened. I can't say it's 623 00:37:16,360 --> 00:37:18,280 Speaker 1: the first time ever. A lot of this isn't always 624 00:37:18,280 --> 00:37:21,880 Speaker 1: public um. I'll say that it's not often that you 625 00:37:21,920 --> 00:37:25,440 Speaker 1: would see this, especially for someone of such prominence and 626 00:37:25,520 --> 00:37:28,600 Speaker 1: seniority as the governor of the State of New York. UM. 627 00:37:28,680 --> 00:37:31,080 Speaker 1: This speaks very much to the current time frame we're 628 00:37:31,120 --> 00:37:34,600 Speaker 1: in in terms of the willingness of these institutions to 629 00:37:34,680 --> 00:37:38,480 Speaker 1: buck the political um authorities, but also the very weakend 630 00:37:38,520 --> 00:37:41,440 Speaker 1: position that former Governor Cuomo is in given everything that's 631 00:37:41,480 --> 00:37:43,359 Speaker 1: going on in the last few months. Let's say there 632 00:37:43,400 --> 00:37:46,959 Speaker 1: is a lawsuit he doesn't given there's no settlement, who 633 00:37:46,960 --> 00:37:50,480 Speaker 1: has the better argument in the lawsuit. I think in 634 00:37:50,560 --> 00:37:53,759 Speaker 1: the end the Commission could win out if they take 635 00:37:53,800 --> 00:37:57,319 Speaker 1: it all the way. My assumptions expectations I've been saying 636 00:37:57,400 --> 00:38:01,279 Speaker 1: is I think they will ultimately settle it for some 637 00:38:01,440 --> 00:38:03,719 Speaker 1: you know, confidential amount and make him donate it to 638 00:38:03,840 --> 00:38:07,600 Speaker 1: charity and leave it at that, and allow the public 639 00:38:07,880 --> 00:38:09,920 Speaker 1: optics of it to be there and to have set 640 00:38:09,960 --> 00:38:14,240 Speaker 1: sort of the standard. Investigations into this book are still 641 00:38:14,320 --> 00:38:19,240 Speaker 1: going on by the State Assembly, the State Attorney General's office, 642 00:38:19,640 --> 00:38:23,239 Speaker 1: and the Brooklyn U. S Attorney's Office, so we could 643 00:38:23,280 --> 00:38:26,440 Speaker 1: hear more about this in the future. You absolutely could, 644 00:38:26,800 --> 00:38:29,520 Speaker 1: um whether from a civil context or from a criminal one, 645 00:38:29,560 --> 00:38:32,360 Speaker 1: depending on the full range of actions he took. And 646 00:38:32,400 --> 00:38:34,719 Speaker 1: I would certainly say the jury is still out in 647 00:38:34,840 --> 00:38:38,400 Speaker 1: terms of how much trouble Andrew Cuomo got himself into. 648 00:38:38,920 --> 00:38:42,800 Speaker 1: I don't anticipate much more going on beyond what's already occurred, 649 00:38:42,800 --> 00:38:45,480 Speaker 1: and it sounds like the criminal allegations that have been 650 00:38:45,520 --> 00:38:49,280 Speaker 1: made might not survive legal scrutiny, not a state batchel 651 00:38:49,320 --> 00:38:51,560 Speaker 1: scrutiny would. I have to wait and see how that 652 00:38:51,600 --> 00:38:54,799 Speaker 1: plays out. I'm sure Cuomo could write a book now 653 00:38:54,840 --> 00:38:57,440 Speaker 1: and get a lot more money than that, and he 654 00:38:57,520 --> 00:38:59,600 Speaker 1: almost certainly will, and it will be a sort of 655 00:38:59,640 --> 00:39:02,719 Speaker 1: a tour or two of redemption, trying to, you know, 656 00:39:03,239 --> 00:39:05,720 Speaker 1: make up for his sins and explain how he's understood 657 00:39:05,760 --> 00:39:08,200 Speaker 1: where he went wrong, which is a very standard move 658 00:39:08,239 --> 00:39:10,120 Speaker 1: for a politician to make, and there's no one better 659 00:39:10,160 --> 00:39:12,440 Speaker 1: at it than Andrew Cuomo. Thanks so much for being 660 00:39:12,440 --> 00:39:15,680 Speaker 1: on the show. Brad, that's Brad Moss, a partner, Mark said, 661 00:39:16,200 --> 00:39:18,479 Speaker 1: and that's it for this edition of The Bloomberg Law Show. 662 00:39:18,840 --> 00:39:21,319 Speaker 1: Remember you can always get the latest legal news, honor 663 00:39:21,360 --> 00:39:25,680 Speaker 1: Bloomberg Law Podcast. You can find them on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, 664 00:39:25,719 --> 00:39:30,719 Speaker 1: and at www dot Bloomberg dot com, slash podcast Slash Law. 665 00:39:31,120 --> 00:39:33,799 Speaker 1: I'm June Grosso and you're listening to Bloomberg