1 00:00:15,410 --> 00:00:26,690 Speaker 1: Pushkin August twenty seventh, nineteen o seven. On the beach 2 00:00:26,850 --> 00:00:31,450 Speaker 1: at Arzon in France, a woman goes for a swim. 3 00:00:31,770 --> 00:00:35,490 Speaker 1: She leaves her clothes and a neat pile petticoats and 4 00:00:35,570 --> 00:00:41,130 Speaker 1: skirts pressed into careful folds. It's a common sight. This 5 00:00:41,250 --> 00:00:44,410 Speaker 1: part of France is popular with tourists. They come to 6 00:00:44,490 --> 00:00:50,050 Speaker 1: explore Celtic ruins and whitewashed fishing villages, to breathe sea 7 00:00:50,210 --> 00:00:54,250 Speaker 1: air and watch blood red sunsets from the Hotel de 8 00:00:54,330 --> 00:01:00,730 Speaker 1: la Plage. The swimming at Arzon is excellent. Fathers float 9 00:01:00,810 --> 00:01:06,690 Speaker 1: on warm currents towards pine fringed islands, but there's danger 10 00:01:06,730 --> 00:01:11,850 Speaker 1: here too. Cold currants and treacherous riptides have been known 11 00:01:11,970 --> 00:01:19,050 Speaker 1: to swallow unfortunate swimmers. Dusk falls the Atlantic Ocean a 12 00:01:19,290 --> 00:01:24,970 Speaker 1: shifting palette of greens and blues. The beach empties out. 13 00:01:26,490 --> 00:01:39,050 Speaker 1: The woman never returns for her clothes. Coolsden, just south 14 00:01:39,090 --> 00:01:45,490 Speaker 1: of London. One week later, Harold Oakshot opens his newspaper 15 00:01:46,450 --> 00:01:50,210 Speaker 1: and sees a death notice. It tells of how his 16 00:01:50,330 --> 00:01:55,530 Speaker 1: wife Grace died while swimming at Arson in France. She 17 00:01:55,690 --> 00:01:59,370 Speaker 1: was thirty five years old. The newspaper ads and had 18 00:01:59,410 --> 00:02:03,610 Speaker 1: devoted her short life to improving working conditions for women. 19 00:02:04,530 --> 00:02:07,530 Speaker 1: She had started a trade school for girls and was 20 00:02:07,530 --> 00:02:13,610 Speaker 1: a celebrated activist. What would you have seen if you'd 21 00:02:13,690 --> 00:02:18,330 Speaker 1: been there? As he opened the newspaper, no sign of shock. 22 00:02:19,930 --> 00:02:23,810 Speaker 1: He reads the notice of his own wife's death calmly. 23 00:02:24,930 --> 00:02:31,770 Speaker 1: His face is inscrutable. He neatly refolds the newspaper and 24 00:02:31,890 --> 00:02:34,690 Speaker 1: gazes out of the window for a while, as if 25 00:02:34,930 --> 00:02:44,290 Speaker 1: contemplating new horizons. The following year, he remarries, I'm Tim Harford, 26 00:02:44,890 --> 00:03:11,770 Speaker 1: and you're listening to cautionary tales at the moment that 27 00:03:11,890 --> 00:03:16,330 Speaker 1: Grace Oakshot's petticoats were being neatly stacked on the ars 28 00:03:16,370 --> 00:03:21,210 Speaker 1: on beach. Grace Oakshot herself had been married to Harold 29 00:03:21,370 --> 00:03:25,890 Speaker 1: for over a decade, but unlike some other women of 30 00:03:25,970 --> 00:03:30,370 Speaker 1: her station, marriage had never been an inevitability for Grace. 31 00:03:31,410 --> 00:03:36,090 Speaker 1: She had been prepared for another path altogether. When Grace 32 00:03:36,210 --> 00:03:40,290 Speaker 1: was born in London in eighteen seventy two, a ground 33 00:03:40,410 --> 00:03:45,450 Speaker 1: swell of change was reshaping Britain. Railways were stitching the 34 00:03:45,490 --> 00:03:50,290 Speaker 1: country together and the telegraph was relaying information at lightning speed. 35 00:03:51,290 --> 00:03:55,130 Speaker 1: Schools for girls began to multiply, and the women's suffrage 36 00:03:55,170 --> 00:03:58,690 Speaker 1: movement was growing. It was an age that buzzed and 37 00:03:58,970 --> 00:04:08,290 Speaker 1: crackled with possibility, electric in its promise, Grace had two 38 00:04:08,410 --> 00:04:11,730 Speaker 1: strokes of good luck. Not only was the tide of 39 00:04:11,810 --> 00:04:17,130 Speaker 1: progress rising around her, but her parents, James and Elizabeth Cash, 40 00:04:17,450 --> 00:04:22,370 Speaker 1: were ambitious strivers. They were determined to give their children 41 00:04:22,450 --> 00:04:26,770 Speaker 1: the best possible tools for self advancement, and that meant 42 00:04:27,010 --> 00:04:30,250 Speaker 1: rigorous schooling, not just for their son, Henry, but also 43 00:04:30,330 --> 00:04:35,690 Speaker 1: for their three daughters, Kate, Jessie, and of course Grace. 44 00:04:37,210 --> 00:04:41,490 Speaker 1: Victorian women were typically raised to rely on a male breadwinner. 45 00:04:42,170 --> 00:04:45,690 Speaker 1: Middle class girls were supposed to marry and not compete 46 00:04:45,730 --> 00:04:50,410 Speaker 1: with men for wages. Providing one's daughters with a robust 47 00:04:50,730 --> 00:04:55,570 Speaker 1: education and preparing them for a career, as Grace's family did, 48 00:04:56,170 --> 00:05:00,290 Speaker 1: went against the grain, but by the late nineteenth century, 49 00:05:00,810 --> 00:05:06,650 Speaker 1: it had also revealed itself to be the practical choice. 50 00:05:06,770 --> 00:05:09,810 Speaker 1: When Grace was born, a recent sen has had shown 51 00:05:09,890 --> 00:05:13,410 Speaker 1: that Britain was home to roughly half a million more 52 00:05:13,450 --> 00:05:17,850 Speaker 1: women than men. Fathers such as James Cash realized that 53 00:05:17,850 --> 00:05:20,970 Speaker 1: their girls might not be able to marry, they needed 54 00:05:21,010 --> 00:05:25,170 Speaker 1: to be able to support themselves. With this in mind, 55 00:05:25,770 --> 00:05:30,010 Speaker 1: James Cash invested in his daughter's future, he bought a 56 00:05:30,050 --> 00:05:33,610 Speaker 1: share in a new company which set up schools for girls. 57 00:05:34,370 --> 00:05:38,130 Speaker 1: Grace drank deep of the knowledge on offer, a curriculum 58 00:05:38,210 --> 00:05:42,890 Speaker 1: designed to match what was available to boys. Confident and determined, 59 00:05:43,290 --> 00:05:46,930 Speaker 1: she was an all rounder and honored at prize giving ceremonies. 60 00:05:47,570 --> 00:05:53,250 Speaker 1: She had serious eyes and distinctive auburn hair. Her peers 61 00:05:53,290 --> 00:05:59,610 Speaker 1: affectionately nicknamed her copper Top. James and Elizabeth's commitment to 62 00:05:59,690 --> 00:06:04,530 Speaker 1: their daughter's education wasn't just a safeguard against hardship. It 63 00:06:04,730 --> 00:06:09,850 Speaker 1: also reflected their profound belief in the equal potenti and 64 00:06:10,050 --> 00:06:15,650 Speaker 1: worth of every human mind. They were social reformers, but 65 00:06:15,810 --> 00:06:20,730 Speaker 1: that faith in progress had to be balanced with another priority, 66 00:06:21,770 --> 00:06:27,770 Speaker 1: maintaining their respectability. This wasn't just about moral virtue, but 67 00:06:27,850 --> 00:06:31,530 Speaker 1: a form of social currency, and so they strove to 68 00:06:31,570 --> 00:06:36,730 Speaker 1: be paragons of decency, self discipline, and diligence. Their goal 69 00:06:36,850 --> 00:06:42,090 Speaker 1: wasn't to overthrow society, but to carefully improve it from within. 70 00:06:44,610 --> 00:06:48,770 Speaker 1: While her sisters went on to become teachers, Grace set 71 00:06:48,770 --> 00:06:53,170 Speaker 1: her sights on college. In eighteen ninety two, she enrolled 72 00:06:53,170 --> 00:06:59,970 Speaker 1: at the University of Cambridge. Despite improvements in education for girls. 73 00:07:00,330 --> 00:07:06,490 Speaker 1: The idea of university for women was still controversial abstract study, 74 00:07:06,690 --> 00:07:11,610 Speaker 1: it was feared would turn women into unmarriageable aberrations and 75 00:07:11,850 --> 00:07:17,410 Speaker 1: trigger the downfall of the traditional family unit. Women at 76 00:07:17,450 --> 00:07:22,090 Speaker 1: Cambridge were subject to various strictures. They could take classes 77 00:07:22,130 --> 00:07:26,050 Speaker 1: and sit examinations, but they could never earn an actual degree, 78 00:07:26,770 --> 00:07:33,850 Speaker 1: merely a certificate. Academically, Grace thrived at Cambridge studying political 79 00:07:33,890 --> 00:07:40,930 Speaker 1: economy and history. She also formed lifelong connections. Her closest 80 00:07:41,010 --> 00:07:45,210 Speaker 1: friend was a young woman called Renee Courtold. Unlike Grace, 81 00:07:45,650 --> 00:07:50,850 Speaker 1: Rene's family was immensely wealthy, but at university their differences 82 00:07:50,890 --> 00:07:55,650 Speaker 1: in background dissolved. The two women bonded over their passions 83 00:07:55,650 --> 00:08:01,490 Speaker 1: for activism and improving opportunities for poorer women. Grace left 84 00:08:01,490 --> 00:08:05,090 Speaker 1: Cambridge after one year, perhaps because her family could no 85 00:08:05,130 --> 00:08:10,090 Speaker 1: longer afford it, but the experience had already been transformative. 86 00:08:11,370 --> 00:08:14,210 Speaker 1: Back at home, she worked as an assistant teacher at 87 00:08:14,250 --> 00:08:18,730 Speaker 1: her old school, and then, aged twenty four, she did 88 00:08:18,770 --> 00:08:27,210 Speaker 1: something surprising. She decided to get married on a mild 89 00:08:27,370 --> 00:08:32,890 Speaker 1: day in December eighteen ninety six. Grace cash Weed family 90 00:08:32,930 --> 00:08:40,570 Speaker 1: friend Harold oakshot. Why did Grace raised to be an 91 00:08:40,690 --> 00:08:46,210 Speaker 1: independent woman choose marriage. She was ambitious and hungry for 92 00:08:46,290 --> 00:08:50,170 Speaker 1: her own career as an activist. Wives, on the other hand, 93 00:08:50,250 --> 00:08:55,930 Speaker 1: had limited freedom. Coveredure laws denied them independent legal status, 94 00:08:56,290 --> 00:09:00,650 Speaker 1: so everything a wife owned or earned was controlled by 95 00:09:00,650 --> 00:09:06,330 Speaker 1: her husband. What's more, a new icon was sweeping the nation, 96 00:09:07,090 --> 00:09:11,410 Speaker 1: often depicted on her bicycle smoking a cigarette. The new 97 00:09:11,570 --> 00:09:15,410 Speaker 1: woman appeared in both newspapers and fiction, was a kind 98 00:09:15,450 --> 00:09:21,130 Speaker 1: of shorthand for growing female independence. Why when you had 99 00:09:21,130 --> 00:09:26,930 Speaker 1: a bicycle would you need a husband. Britain was poised 100 00:09:26,930 --> 00:09:31,010 Speaker 1: on the brink of modernity, reconsidering the role of women 101 00:09:31,050 --> 00:09:37,210 Speaker 1: in public life. Unfortunately, Britain wasn't reconsidering that role fast enough. 102 00:09:37,250 --> 00:09:43,090 Speaker 1: For Grace, marriage was still a cornerstone of respectability, and 103 00:09:43,170 --> 00:09:47,250 Speaker 1: for a morally upright reformer like her, that made it 104 00:09:47,250 --> 00:09:51,890 Speaker 1: the rational choice. Harold was twenty five years old and 105 00:09:51,970 --> 00:09:56,250 Speaker 1: he came from Grace's world. He was a committed socialist 106 00:09:56,570 --> 00:10:01,210 Speaker 1: prominent in his community. She likely and quite reasonably thought 107 00:10:01,250 --> 00:10:04,410 Speaker 1: they would achieve more for their causes as a pair 108 00:10:04,850 --> 00:10:10,050 Speaker 1: than alone. Harold was also witty and ideally and he 109 00:10:10,050 --> 00:10:14,490 Speaker 1: held a good position with a London tea specialist. Crucially, 110 00:10:14,930 --> 00:10:20,850 Speaker 1: he supported Grace's professional ambitions, believing wholeheartedly that a meaningful 111 00:10:20,930 --> 00:10:26,370 Speaker 1: life was one guided by self discovery, integrity and freedom. 112 00:10:27,570 --> 00:10:33,410 Speaker 1: It must have seemed an excellent match that Harold Oakshot 113 00:10:34,170 --> 00:10:43,930 Speaker 1: had a secret. After their wedding, Grace and Harold moved 114 00:10:43,970 --> 00:10:47,330 Speaker 1: to the village of Coolsden, near London, where they lived 115 00:10:47,370 --> 00:10:51,450 Speaker 1: in a comfortable cottage with a leafy garden. Grace returned 116 00:10:51,450 --> 00:10:57,010 Speaker 1: to work almost immediately. She joined the Women's Industrial Council, 117 00:10:57,290 --> 00:11:01,090 Speaker 1: which aimed to improve women's working conditions through a campaign 118 00:11:01,210 --> 00:11:08,010 Speaker 1: based on social investigation. Grace set about conducting interviews, surveys 119 00:11:08,050 --> 00:11:12,250 Speaker 1: and close sobs of in factress and collating figures on 120 00:11:12,330 --> 00:11:17,570 Speaker 1: women's wages. How could you propose change without a thorough 121 00:11:17,810 --> 00:11:22,890 Speaker 1: understanding of the status quo. Her reports were published in 122 00:11:22,970 --> 00:11:28,530 Speaker 1: newspapers and journals. Grace spent long days away from the 123 00:11:28,570 --> 00:11:31,530 Speaker 1: cottage she shared with Harold, and it might have been 124 00:11:31,530 --> 00:11:35,490 Speaker 1: a little while before she learned his secret. Perhaps the 125 00:11:35,570 --> 00:11:40,930 Speaker 1: truth came by slow degrees, a faint odor on his breath, 126 00:11:41,930 --> 00:11:49,490 Speaker 1: unsteady hands practiced excuses at some point, though the knowledge dawned. 127 00:11:50,530 --> 00:11:56,370 Speaker 1: Her brilliant husband, so admired, so upstanding in public, was 128 00:11:56,530 --> 00:12:03,690 Speaker 1: privately undone by drink. Had Harold's alcoholism been known to 129 00:12:03,730 --> 00:12:07,610 Speaker 1: his wider community, it would have been an immense source 130 00:12:07,650 --> 00:12:10,970 Speaker 1: of shame. His job would have been threatened and his 131 00:12:11,090 --> 00:12:17,730 Speaker 1: reputation destroyed. Habitual drunkenness belied the self control so central 132 00:12:17,810 --> 00:12:23,730 Speaker 1: to Victorian morality. But there was no scandal. Harold's disgrace 133 00:12:24,010 --> 00:12:30,370 Speaker 1: was quietly contained. No one beyond the Oakshot's close family 134 00:12:30,410 --> 00:12:34,450 Speaker 1: and friends knew the truth. For a time, at least, 135 00:12:34,730 --> 00:12:39,730 Speaker 1: the couple found their way forward. Grace and Harold never 136 00:12:39,770 --> 00:12:44,130 Speaker 1: had any children, likely by choice, and Grace continued to 137 00:12:44,170 --> 00:12:47,410 Speaker 1: throw herself into her work, leaving the house early to 138 00:12:47,490 --> 00:12:51,010 Speaker 1: board the train for London. They might have continued in 139 00:12:51,050 --> 00:12:55,170 Speaker 1: this way, forever, focused on their jobs and their causes, 140 00:12:55,850 --> 00:13:03,130 Speaker 1: lives running on parallel tracks. But something happened to turn 141 00:13:03,330 --> 00:13:12,730 Speaker 1: their world upside down, something quite Unford scene. Grace fell 142 00:13:12,770 --> 00:13:27,850 Speaker 1: in love. Cautionary tales will return. Grace and Harold would 143 00:13:27,850 --> 00:13:32,010 Speaker 1: accompany her brother, Henry Cash on summer cruises around Britain's 144 00:13:32,010 --> 00:13:37,410 Speaker 1: south coast. Henry was an accomplished yachtsman. In eighteen ninety nine, 145 00:13:37,810 --> 00:13:41,890 Speaker 1: they were joined by Henry's friend, a warm, friendly young 146 00:13:41,930 --> 00:13:46,570 Speaker 1: man called Walter Reeve. Walter had spent the first part 147 00:13:46,570 --> 00:13:51,210 Speaker 1: of his life in Canada's Northwest territories before his missionary 148 00:13:51,250 --> 00:13:54,330 Speaker 1: parents had sent him back to London. He planned to 149 00:13:54,370 --> 00:13:57,130 Speaker 1: become a doctor, and he thought about returning to the 150 00:13:57,130 --> 00:14:02,050 Speaker 1: colonies one day. The atmosphere on the trip was lively 151 00:14:02,090 --> 00:14:07,290 Speaker 1: and jocular. The group swam in clear water, lunched at 152 00:14:07,330 --> 00:14:14,970 Speaker 1: local Linn's, and chat excitedly. The following summer, Henry, Walter, Grace, 153 00:14:15,090 --> 00:14:19,890 Speaker 1: and Harold set out on another cruise together. Walter had 154 00:14:19,930 --> 00:14:23,450 Speaker 1: just completed his first year at Guy's Medical School in London, 155 00:14:23,690 --> 00:14:28,410 Speaker 1: and he was relaxed and cheerful. Harold's drinking was obvious. 156 00:14:29,450 --> 00:14:32,970 Speaker 1: He would disappear at times to knock back liquor, and 157 00:14:33,090 --> 00:14:38,330 Speaker 1: Grace and Walter, who were both teetotalers, sometimes found themselves alone. 158 00:14:38,410 --> 00:14:41,770 Speaker 1: She was by now twenty eight and he was twenty four. 159 00:14:44,130 --> 00:14:49,410 Speaker 1: Walter was scrupulously honest, curious about nature, and keen to 160 00:14:49,450 --> 00:14:54,810 Speaker 1: help others. They bonded, although he kept a respectful distance 161 00:14:54,850 --> 00:14:58,290 Speaker 1: at first, could even be tongue tied in Grace's presence. 162 00:14:58,930 --> 00:15:01,850 Speaker 1: She was a married woman. Intimacy between them should have 163 00:15:01,890 --> 00:15:07,490 Speaker 1: been unthinkable, and yet one evening they stole a moment 164 00:15:07,570 --> 00:15:11,170 Speaker 1: together growing on the harbor by the light of the moon. 165 00:15:12,410 --> 00:15:17,650 Speaker 1: It might have been venice grow Walter. The craft lay gently, 166 00:15:17,730 --> 00:15:23,250 Speaker 1: rocking dark specks on a vast expanse of slowly moving 167 00:15:23,410 --> 00:15:28,090 Speaker 1: silver water, and the slightest of mists heard where the 168 00:15:28,210 --> 00:15:40,930 Speaker 1: harbor mouth became sea and sky. Back at home, Walter 169 00:15:41,010 --> 00:15:44,970 Speaker 1: and Grace continued to see each other walking together on 170 00:15:45,130 --> 00:15:49,610 Speaker 1: ranmore common in the rolling hills near London. Before long 171 00:15:50,490 --> 00:15:56,570 Speaker 1: they were in love. Divorce wasn't an option for Grace. 172 00:15:57,250 --> 00:16:01,050 Speaker 1: Not only was it ruinously expensive, but it was also 173 00:16:01,090 --> 00:16:04,850 Speaker 1: difficult to obtain. In the nineteen hundreds, the deck was 174 00:16:04,930 --> 00:16:09,010 Speaker 1: stacked against women. For a husband to obtain a divorce 175 00:16:09,170 --> 00:16:12,530 Speaker 1: es he need only prove that his wife had committed adultery. 176 00:16:13,730 --> 00:16:17,050 Speaker 1: But for Grace to divorce Harold, she would have had 177 00:16:17,090 --> 00:16:24,890 Speaker 1: to prove adultery plus a second cause such as cruelty, desertion, incest, sodomy, 178 00:16:25,370 --> 00:16:33,410 Speaker 1: or bestiality. Above all, divorce signified moral failure. If Walter's 179 00:16:33,410 --> 00:16:36,970 Speaker 1: relationship with a married woman had become common knowledge while 180 00:16:37,010 --> 00:16:39,330 Speaker 1: he was at medical school, it would have harmed his 181 00:16:39,450 --> 00:16:43,410 Speaker 1: prospects as a doctor. For Grace, it would have meant 182 00:16:43,410 --> 00:16:48,450 Speaker 1: a total public shaming. Grace and Harold's family, friends and 183 00:16:48,650 --> 00:16:52,810 Speaker 1: colleagues would also have been tainted by the scandal. The 184 00:16:52,810 --> 00:16:58,810 Speaker 1: causes they'd been fighting for overshadowed by disgrace, and so 185 00:16:59,450 --> 00:17:05,330 Speaker 1: Walter and Grace's relationship remained shrouded in secrecy. He pursued 186 00:17:05,370 --> 00:17:08,690 Speaker 1: his studies. She continued her work for the Women's in 187 00:17:08,770 --> 00:17:12,690 Speaker 1: Dustry Field Council, leading an inquiry into ways of improving 188 00:17:12,810 --> 00:17:17,330 Speaker 1: education for women workers. It was painstaking research, and she 189 00:17:17,410 --> 00:17:21,210 Speaker 1: concluded that free technical training had to be made as 190 00:17:21,290 --> 00:17:27,730 Speaker 1: accessible as possible. Grace plowed her energy into establishing a 191 00:17:27,770 --> 00:17:31,210 Speaker 1: trade school in London for girls, the first of its kind. 192 00:17:32,330 --> 00:17:36,450 Speaker 1: The school opened its doors to eleven students in October 193 00:17:36,650 --> 00:17:41,290 Speaker 1: nineteen oh four. In January, another eleven joined. They learned 194 00:17:41,290 --> 00:17:44,970 Speaker 1: how to make waistcoats, and they also took physical exercise 195 00:17:45,050 --> 00:17:48,610 Speaker 1: at a nearby gymnasium to counteract the effects of long 196 00:17:48,810 --> 00:17:53,570 Speaker 1: hours spent stooping over their work. The trade school was 197 00:17:53,650 --> 00:18:01,210 Speaker 1: Grace's crowning achievement and it flourished, but at some point 198 00:18:01,250 --> 00:18:08,290 Speaker 1: Harold discovered his wife's infidelity. There's no record of how 199 00:18:08,330 --> 00:18:10,970 Speaker 1: he responded to the news that Grace was in love 200 00:18:11,010 --> 00:18:15,450 Speaker 1: with another man, but we do know that a dark 201 00:18:15,810 --> 00:18:25,370 Speaker 1: plan began to take shape. In August nineteen oh seven, 202 00:18:26,130 --> 00:18:30,410 Speaker 1: Grace left the comfortable coolsd and cottage and headed off 203 00:18:30,450 --> 00:18:34,490 Speaker 1: on a vacation to the resort town of Arson in France, 204 00:18:35,050 --> 00:18:40,730 Speaker 1: famous for its beautiful beach and fresh sea air. One day, 205 00:18:41,450 --> 00:18:45,610 Speaker 1: she carefully folded her skirts and petticoats into a small 206 00:18:45,850 --> 00:18:51,810 Speaker 1: pile on the beach and walked towards the water. She 207 00:18:51,970 --> 00:18:58,810 Speaker 1: never returned. When news of Grace's drowning reached Britain, her 208 00:18:58,850 --> 00:19:03,810 Speaker 1: colleagues at the Women's Industrial Council were heartbroken and wrote 209 00:19:03,810 --> 00:19:08,770 Speaker 1: of their deep sense of irreparable loss. Grace had a 210 00:19:08,810 --> 00:19:13,090 Speaker 1: mass many friends and colleagues over her short life, people 211 00:19:13,210 --> 00:19:16,850 Speaker 1: like Rene Courtold, with whom she had formed a close 212 00:19:16,930 --> 00:19:22,930 Speaker 1: sisterhood at Cambridge University. They too were grief stricken, one 213 00:19:22,970 --> 00:19:26,730 Speaker 1: of them lamenting that Grace had been cut off at 214 00:19:26,730 --> 00:19:33,130 Speaker 1: the very height of her usefulness. Meanwhile, Harold Oakshot went 215 00:19:33,370 --> 00:19:37,890 Speaker 1: into formal mourning in the local paper. His political party 216 00:19:38,010 --> 00:19:41,890 Speaker 1: offered its sympathies for the cruel blow he had sustained. 217 00:19:42,890 --> 00:19:46,170 Speaker 1: The horror of his loss is not lessened by the 218 00:19:46,210 --> 00:19:50,690 Speaker 1: fact that there seems small chance of the body being recovered. 219 00:19:56,490 --> 00:20:03,810 Speaker 1: New Zealand. One year later, nighttime, Walter Reed, now a 220 00:20:03,890 --> 00:20:09,490 Speaker 1: qualified doctor, was racing to the Parachi Hotel, auth of 221 00:20:09,530 --> 00:20:13,210 Speaker 1: the frontier town of Gisborne. He had been summoned to 222 00:20:13,210 --> 00:20:16,410 Speaker 1: help a colleague operate on a grievously injured young woman. 223 00:20:17,170 --> 00:20:20,650 Speaker 1: Twenty five year old Minnie Peterson had been attacked at 224 00:20:20,650 --> 00:20:24,370 Speaker 1: her workplace, shot twice by the man who promised to 225 00:20:24,450 --> 00:20:28,290 Speaker 1: marry her. Dr. Even his wife hadn't been living in 226 00:20:28,370 --> 00:20:33,210 Speaker 1: Gisborne long, there was still acclimatizing to this rugged, isolated 227 00:20:33,290 --> 00:20:37,090 Speaker 1: place with its upside down seasons. He'd set out for 228 00:20:37,130 --> 00:20:41,410 Speaker 1: the hotel the previous afternoon, but rising tides had cut 229 00:20:41,410 --> 00:20:45,930 Speaker 1: off his progress. All the while Minnie Peterson was bleeding out. 230 00:20:46,450 --> 00:20:50,330 Speaker 1: He urged his horse on hoofs, thundering on the dark road, 231 00:20:50,810 --> 00:20:56,130 Speaker 1: cart lurching beneath him. Finally, at three a m. He 232 00:20:56,250 --> 00:21:01,010 Speaker 1: saw it, the Parachai Hotel looming up ahead. Through the night. 233 00:21:02,330 --> 00:21:05,810 Speaker 1: One bullet had broken Minnie's collar bone and a rib 234 00:21:06,250 --> 00:21:10,810 Speaker 1: and embedded itself in her back. Even his colleague managed 235 00:21:10,850 --> 00:21:14,850 Speaker 1: to remove that shot, but a second round had torn 236 00:21:14,970 --> 00:21:18,650 Speaker 1: through the young woman's jaw and lodged in her skull 237 00:21:18,930 --> 00:21:25,010 Speaker 1: just out of reach. Minnie wasn't expected to survive. A 238 00:21:25,130 --> 00:21:31,170 Speaker 1: reverend was called at eleven a m. The exhausted doctor 239 00:21:31,250 --> 00:21:37,810 Speaker 1: returned home. Minnie Peterson's life still hung in the balance, 240 00:21:38,530 --> 00:21:43,690 Speaker 1: but there was nothing more he could do. When the 241 00:21:43,770 --> 00:21:47,450 Speaker 1: papers went to press on the incident, they described how 242 00:21:47,530 --> 00:21:51,690 Speaker 1: her jilted ex fiancee had previously been a man of 243 00:21:51,770 --> 00:21:57,090 Speaker 1: good character. They theorized that this violent change in behavior 244 00:21:57,770 --> 00:22:01,530 Speaker 1: was the result of chagram at the broken engagement, as 245 00:22:01,530 --> 00:22:05,250 Speaker 1: though Minnie Peterson was somehow responsible for her own attack. 246 00:22:07,570 --> 00:22:12,970 Speaker 1: Eight days later, Dr Walter Reeve and his colleague operated 247 00:22:12,970 --> 00:22:18,370 Speaker 1: on Minnie Peterson again. This time they managed to remove 248 00:22:18,490 --> 00:22:25,170 Speaker 1: the second bullet from her skull, and slowly, amazingly, Minnie 249 00:22:25,210 --> 00:22:31,330 Speaker 1: began to improve. Her attacker was arrested thanks to Dr Reeve, 250 00:22:31,770 --> 00:22:36,490 Speaker 1: he was charged only with attempted murder. It was a 251 00:22:36,490 --> 00:22:40,690 Speaker 1: disturbing introduction to Gisborne, but Walter and his wife, Joan, 252 00:22:40,810 --> 00:22:45,170 Speaker 1: who was pregnant with twins, managed to settle in. They 253 00:22:45,170 --> 00:22:48,210 Speaker 1: were known as a benevolent and civic minded couple, and 254 00:22:48,250 --> 00:22:51,650 Speaker 1: they must have been easily recognizable in the little frontier town. 255 00:22:52,330 --> 00:22:56,490 Speaker 1: He the local doctor, she with her serious eyes and 256 00:22:56,570 --> 00:23:03,250 Speaker 1: her distinctive auburn hair. In August, Joan and Walter's twins 257 00:23:03,290 --> 00:23:07,690 Speaker 1: were born, Anthony and Colin. A few years later they 258 00:23:07,730 --> 00:23:11,090 Speaker 1: had a daughter. I chose a name that reminded them 259 00:23:11,130 --> 00:23:17,610 Speaker 1: of an old friend, Renee Cautionary tales will be back 260 00:23:17,690 --> 00:23:33,090 Speaker 1: shortly a century past. In two thousand and eight, a 261 00:23:33,130 --> 00:23:37,650 Speaker 1: researcher called Joscelyn Robson was looking through some old photographs 262 00:23:37,650 --> 00:23:42,130 Speaker 1: from the nineteen hundreds, girls in loose dresses hanging from 263 00:23:42,210 --> 00:23:46,250 Speaker 1: ropes in a gymnasium. There were students at the London 264 00:23:46,410 --> 00:23:50,850 Speaker 1: Trade Schools, which Jocelyn learned had been the inspiration of 265 00:23:50,890 --> 00:23:56,010 Speaker 1: the Women's Industrial Council, and in particular an activist called 266 00:23:56,090 --> 00:24:00,970 Speaker 1: Grace Oakshot. Joscelyn was moved to learn that Grace had 267 00:24:01,010 --> 00:24:04,450 Speaker 1: died shortly after the Trade Schools opened their doors, aged 268 00:24:04,690 --> 00:24:08,730 Speaker 1: just thirty five. She couldn't get the sad story out 269 00:24:08,770 --> 00:24:14,170 Speaker 1: of her lin that summer she began googling and regoogling 270 00:24:14,450 --> 00:24:19,570 Speaker 1: the name Grace Oakshot, and then one day there was 271 00:24:19,610 --> 00:24:23,810 Speaker 1: a new result, A review of a play called Grace, 272 00:24:24,930 --> 00:24:28,810 Speaker 1: written by a young woman living in New Zealand. The 273 00:24:28,850 --> 00:24:34,250 Speaker 1: playwright Sophie Dingeman's was the great granddaughter of a woman 274 00:24:34,450 --> 00:24:41,170 Speaker 1: called Grace Oakshot. Her story had captivated Sophie since she 275 00:24:41,290 --> 00:24:47,330 Speaker 1: was small. According to family law, great grandmother Grace had 276 00:24:47,330 --> 00:24:51,290 Speaker 1: faked her own death in Europe and run away to 277 00:24:51,370 --> 00:24:57,770 Speaker 1: New Zealand with the love of her life. Jocelyn was stunned. 278 00:24:58,450 --> 00:25:03,410 Speaker 1: Could this be the same Grace Oakshot she got in 279 00:25:03,450 --> 00:25:07,970 Speaker 1: touch with the playwright Sophie's Grace hadn't just disappeared in Europe, 280 00:25:08,370 --> 00:25:11,410 Speaker 1: but on a b each in nineteen oh seven, a 281 00:25:11,490 --> 00:25:19,090 Speaker 1: beach at Arson in France. Researcher Jocelyn trawled the archives 282 00:25:19,690 --> 00:25:22,770 Speaker 1: and began to build a picture of what had happened 283 00:25:22,770 --> 00:25:28,050 Speaker 1: on that summer's day all those years ago. After leaving 284 00:25:28,090 --> 00:25:31,370 Speaker 1: her clothes on the beach, Grace is believed to have 285 00:25:31,530 --> 00:25:35,890 Speaker 1: swum out into the bay and around the headland. Perhaps 286 00:25:35,930 --> 00:25:40,530 Speaker 1: her sailor brother Henry picked her up, perhaps unknown friends 287 00:25:40,570 --> 00:25:44,970 Speaker 1: helped her. Either way, she was reunited with Walter and 288 00:25:45,050 --> 00:25:47,970 Speaker 1: they made their way to Marseilles, where they boarded a 289 00:25:48,010 --> 00:25:53,290 Speaker 1: boat bound for Australia. Walter's medical license was in his name, 290 00:25:54,010 --> 00:26:02,210 Speaker 1: but Grace could become someone new Joan Leslie Reeve, doctor 291 00:26:02,370 --> 00:26:06,370 Speaker 1: and Missus Reeve gave their ages as thirty one and 292 00:26:06,450 --> 00:26:11,330 Speaker 1: thirty four respectively. Sydney, they bordered a second vote to 293 00:26:11,410 --> 00:26:15,890 Speaker 1: cross the Tasman Sea, and now they reversed their age difference. 294 00:26:16,570 --> 00:26:20,050 Speaker 1: Dr Reeve was twenty eight while Missus Reeve was twenty five. 295 00:26:21,210 --> 00:26:24,410 Speaker 1: Was this a private joke or were they trying to 296 00:26:24,450 --> 00:26:27,650 Speaker 1: confound anyone who might try to follow them and expose 297 00:26:27,770 --> 00:26:33,610 Speaker 1: their secret. In October the couple landed in Wellington. It 298 00:26:33,690 --> 00:26:36,530 Speaker 1: was not hard to see why New Zealand appealed to them. 299 00:26:36,650 --> 00:26:40,050 Speaker 1: It was a British dominion known for its striking landscapes, 300 00:26:40,250 --> 00:26:45,210 Speaker 1: healthy climate and progressive outlook. Old age pensions had been 301 00:26:45,290 --> 00:26:48,330 Speaker 1: rolled out in eighteen ninety eight, and the country was 302 00:26:48,410 --> 00:26:51,290 Speaker 1: miles ahead of Britain when it came to gender equality. 303 00:26:51,970 --> 00:26:55,490 Speaker 1: Women aged twenty one and over had gained the right 304 00:26:55,530 --> 00:26:59,530 Speaker 1: to vote in eighteen ninety three. It was the first 305 00:26:59,690 --> 00:27:05,770 Speaker 1: place in the world where they'd won the franchise. Above all, 306 00:27:06,250 --> 00:27:10,130 Speaker 1: New Zealand was thousands and thousands of miles away from 307 00:27:10,170 --> 00:27:14,250 Speaker 1: Europe and anyone who might be able to recognize the couple. 308 00:27:16,250 --> 00:27:20,570 Speaker 1: Walter soon accepted a post and Grace was welcomed into 309 00:27:20,570 --> 00:27:24,730 Speaker 1: the Wellington community as Joan, the wife of the new 310 00:27:24,810 --> 00:27:29,410 Speaker 1: doctor from England. In December nineteen o seven, a tea 311 00:27:29,530 --> 00:27:33,130 Speaker 1: party was held in her honor as she admired the 312 00:27:33,250 --> 00:27:39,050 Speaker 1: exquisite floral arrangements, savored strawberries and cream, and made small 313 00:27:39,170 --> 00:27:43,330 Speaker 1: talk in the summer sunshine. No one could possibly have 314 00:27:43,490 --> 00:27:51,690 Speaker 1: guessed her secret. Soon, Grace, now Joan, was pregnant with 315 00:27:51,730 --> 00:27:56,490 Speaker 1: the twins. Five months later, she and Walter relocated to 316 00:27:56,570 --> 00:28:01,850 Speaker 1: an even more secluded and anonymous outpost, the Port of Gisborne, 317 00:28:02,130 --> 00:28:07,090 Speaker 1: where they remained for many years. Joan had changed her 318 00:28:07,170 --> 00:28:10,330 Speaker 1: name and become a mother, but she still held all 319 00:28:10,410 --> 00:28:14,890 Speaker 1: the same interests and values The oldest Reeve child, Anthony 320 00:28:15,290 --> 00:28:19,570 Speaker 1: grew to loathe the words meeting and committee because they 321 00:28:19,570 --> 00:28:23,170 Speaker 1: were so great a feature of family life. Joan joined 322 00:28:23,170 --> 00:28:26,370 Speaker 1: the local women's Guild and the Library Committee, and became 323 00:28:26,490 --> 00:28:30,930 Speaker 1: secretary of New Zealand's Plunket Society, which was widely credited 324 00:28:30,970 --> 00:28:33,890 Speaker 1: with a reduction in infant deaths in the first part 325 00:28:33,930 --> 00:28:39,610 Speaker 1: of the twentieth century. When war came in nineteen fourteen, 326 00:28:40,370 --> 00:28:43,570 Speaker 1: Joan turned her attention to the continent She had left behind. 327 00:28:44,450 --> 00:28:47,530 Speaker 1: After the invasion of Belgium, she addressed a meeting of 328 00:28:47,530 --> 00:28:53,250 Speaker 1: the Gisborne Women's Patriotic Committee with a rallying call. Their 329 00:28:53,370 --> 00:28:57,610 Speaker 1: country has been overrun by the enemy, their towns shattered, 330 00:28:58,330 --> 00:29:02,570 Speaker 1: and thousands of their brave soldiers have been killed, she proclaimed. 331 00:29:03,610 --> 00:29:07,490 Speaker 1: Intense suffering will follow, and it is the duty of 332 00:29:07,730 --> 00:29:11,610 Speaker 1: all to do what they can to alleviate that suffering. 333 00:29:13,850 --> 00:29:17,770 Speaker 1: The family home became a makeshift war depot, filled to 334 00:29:17,810 --> 00:29:21,850 Speaker 1: the brim with donations of clothing, bed linen, and bandages. 335 00:29:23,650 --> 00:29:27,090 Speaker 1: The war years also held some jeopardy for the Reeves. 336 00:29:27,890 --> 00:29:30,650 Speaker 1: Walter went to work at a military camp and then 337 00:29:30,690 --> 00:29:33,530 Speaker 1: to cover for a doctor who'd succumbed to the influenza 338 00:29:33,730 --> 00:29:40,890 Speaker 1: now ravaging New Zealand. He fell ill for two distressing weeks. 339 00:29:40,970 --> 00:29:46,770 Speaker 1: He feverishly tossed and turned his eyes glassy, his skin 340 00:29:47,130 --> 00:29:54,530 Speaker 1: slick with sweat, but eventually he pulled through. Walter made 341 00:29:54,530 --> 00:30:03,770 Speaker 1: it home two days before Christmas nineteen eighteen. That same year, 342 00:30:04,210 --> 00:30:09,010 Speaker 1: Joan was recognized for her unflagging contributions to the war effort. 343 00:30:09,770 --> 00:30:14,290 Speaker 1: She was awarded an MBE, a prestigious British honor. Her 344 00:30:14,290 --> 00:30:18,730 Speaker 1: community was fiercely proud of her. It was an immense distinction, 345 00:30:19,650 --> 00:30:25,530 Speaker 1: but one that came with risks too. When newspaper reporters 346 00:30:25,610 --> 00:30:30,970 Speaker 1: came to call, Joan took great care not to be photographed. 347 00:30:32,890 --> 00:30:37,210 Speaker 1: Britain had forfeited Grace Oakshop solely on the basis of 348 00:30:37,250 --> 00:30:42,490 Speaker 1: her unhappy marriage. But Britain's loss was New Zealand's gain. 349 00:30:43,450 --> 00:30:48,250 Speaker 1: Joan Reeve was a war hero, and she labored tirelessly 350 00:30:48,370 --> 00:30:52,490 Speaker 1: to make the world around her a better, kinder place. 351 00:30:53,970 --> 00:30:57,690 Speaker 1: Into the bargain, New Zealand also gained Walter Reeve, a 352 00:30:57,810 --> 00:31:02,410 Speaker 1: man defined by his compassion and courage, who'd once galloped 353 00:31:02,410 --> 00:31:04,970 Speaker 1: through the night to save the life of a gravely 354 00:31:05,010 --> 00:31:08,970 Speaker 1: wounded woman, even when the odds were stacked hopelessly against them. 355 00:31:12,250 --> 00:31:15,610 Speaker 1: The Reeves were by now living in the rural village 356 00:31:15,650 --> 00:31:19,610 Speaker 1: of Havelock North. After the war, it was time for 357 00:31:19,690 --> 00:31:23,330 Speaker 1: a change of scenery. They moved to a graceful wooden 358 00:31:23,410 --> 00:31:29,130 Speaker 1: bungalow with a broad verandah, a shady, peaceful perch to 359 00:31:29,250 --> 00:31:33,170 Speaker 1: watch the golden hush of evening settle over the garden. 360 00:31:35,010 --> 00:31:40,530 Speaker 1: Joan and Walter called the house Ranmore in memory of 361 00:31:40,570 --> 00:31:44,210 Speaker 1: the hills just outside London, where they had first fallen 362 00:31:44,250 --> 00:31:51,130 Speaker 1: in love. In the nineteen twenties, Joan started to suffer 363 00:31:51,250 --> 00:31:57,050 Speaker 1: numbness and blurred vision. She grew tired and lost her 364 00:31:57,050 --> 00:32:05,330 Speaker 1: balance too. Eventually, she received a heartbreaking diagnosis multiple sleurosis. 365 00:32:06,450 --> 00:32:13,250 Speaker 1: Joan Reeve Grace Oakshaw died in December nineteen twenty nine, 366 00:32:13,610 --> 00:32:18,490 Speaker 1: with her husband at her side. She was fifty seven 367 00:32:19,130 --> 00:32:24,290 Speaker 1: and had suffered three painful years of illness. None of 368 00:32:24,410 --> 00:32:27,730 Speaker 1: us could wish her back, however much we miss her, 369 00:32:28,410 --> 00:32:40,250 Speaker 1: said Walter, that'd had twenty two years together. Marriage is 370 00:32:40,290 --> 00:32:44,130 Speaker 1: an uncertain step. Couples can make the wrong choice and 371 00:32:44,450 --> 00:32:50,130 Speaker 1: circumstances change. But in Grace Oakshot's Britain, there was no 372 00:32:50,250 --> 00:32:54,250 Speaker 1: room for a change of plan. Rigid divorce laws and 373 00:32:54,290 --> 00:32:59,690 Speaker 1: the weight of respectability trapped women in loveless unions, sometimes 374 00:32:59,730 --> 00:33:06,250 Speaker 1: binding them to alcoholics and murderously violent men. Grace was 375 00:33:06,290 --> 00:33:11,570 Speaker 1: faced with a choice remain married to Harold or live 376 00:33:11,610 --> 00:33:15,970 Speaker 1: out her days as a social pariah. It was no 377 00:33:16,250 --> 00:33:20,410 Speaker 1: choice at all. In the end, her only route of 378 00:33:20,530 --> 00:33:26,610 Speaker 1: escape was to erase her identity, to vanish and reinvent herself. 379 00:33:27,650 --> 00:33:31,850 Speaker 1: She found happiness in New Zealand, but she never saw 380 00:33:31,890 --> 00:33:38,250 Speaker 1: her family and friends in Britain. Again, others, women without 381 00:33:38,330 --> 00:33:44,410 Speaker 1: Grace's advantages or her daring, endured miserable and abusive marriages 382 00:33:44,610 --> 00:33:54,490 Speaker 1: in silence. Back in England, the Cash family never advertised 383 00:33:54,530 --> 00:33:59,090 Speaker 1: their lost daughter and sister as a missing person. They 384 00:33:59,170 --> 00:34:03,650 Speaker 1: drew a careful mantle of silence over Grace's memory and 385 00:34:03,890 --> 00:34:08,850 Speaker 1: never discussed her. They were in on the secret all along. 386 00:34:10,970 --> 00:34:14,370 Speaker 1: On the other hand, there's no evidence to suggest that 387 00:34:14,450 --> 00:34:20,330 Speaker 1: Grace's close friend, Renee Courtold, knew the truth. All the 388 00:34:20,370 --> 00:34:24,410 Speaker 1: more poignant then, was Grace's act of naming her daughter 389 00:34:24,690 --> 00:34:28,890 Speaker 1: after her, an invisible thread of connection to a friend 390 00:34:28,970 --> 00:34:33,090 Speaker 1: who mourned her and a past she could never reclaim. 391 00:34:35,330 --> 00:34:40,610 Speaker 1: Harold Oakshot remarried, and he and his new wife, Dorothy, 392 00:34:40,730 --> 00:34:46,290 Speaker 1: had four children. His incessant drinking was a source of 393 00:34:46,410 --> 00:34:50,410 Speaker 1: pain for the family. His daughter recalled that her father 394 00:34:50,490 --> 00:34:56,210 Speaker 1: could be two totally different people at times. Eventually, Harold 395 00:34:56,250 --> 00:34:59,170 Speaker 1: lost his job and the children were sent to live 396 00:34:59,250 --> 00:35:04,490 Speaker 1: with friends and relatives. Later, though, he managed to keep 397 00:35:04,530 --> 00:35:08,250 Speaker 1: his drinking in check, and he became a playful and 398 00:35:08,330 --> 00:35:15,570 Speaker 1: affectionate grandfather. Harold remained a committed socialist. He never spoke 399 00:35:15,610 --> 00:35:19,370 Speaker 1: of his feelings for Grace that he had known all 400 00:35:19,410 --> 00:35:24,370 Speaker 1: along what had happened to his wife all his days. 401 00:35:25,170 --> 00:35:28,530 Speaker 1: He treasured a letter from her. She had sent it 402 00:35:29,210 --> 00:35:33,730 Speaker 1: just after the twins were born. In it, she told 403 00:35:33,810 --> 00:35:36,930 Speaker 1: him that she was very happy, and when she thought 404 00:35:36,930 --> 00:35:46,290 Speaker 1: of him, she felt a profound respect. For Harold Oakshot, 405 00:35:46,890 --> 00:35:51,890 Speaker 1: despite his drinking, had believed wholeheartedly that a meaningful life 406 00:35:52,250 --> 00:35:58,090 Speaker 1: was one guided by self discovery, integrity, and freedom. And 407 00:35:58,130 --> 00:36:02,170 Speaker 1: when he knew what Grace wanted, he let her go. 408 00:36:06,570 --> 00:36:12,650 Speaker 1: How should we remember Grace Shot? A careful rebel, a 409 00:36:12,770 --> 00:36:17,570 Speaker 1: courageous pioneer, a woman torn between the desire to follow 410 00:36:17,610 --> 00:36:21,290 Speaker 1: her heart and the tug of her responsibilities to others. 411 00:36:22,650 --> 00:36:26,610 Speaker 1: She was all of these things. But I'd like to 412 00:36:26,650 --> 00:36:31,770 Speaker 1: remember her on that day in Arzon in nineteen oh seven, 413 00:36:32,490 --> 00:36:38,170 Speaker 1: when she stepped into the water and bravely swam towards 414 00:36:38,210 --> 00:36:49,930 Speaker 1: the horizon. This episode was based on Joscelyn Robson's research 415 00:36:50,050 --> 00:36:55,370 Speaker 1: in her book Radical Reformers and Respectable Rebels. How the 416 00:36:55,410 --> 00:37:00,210 Speaker 1: two lives of Grace Oakshot defined an era. For a 417 00:37:00,250 --> 00:37:02,930 Speaker 1: full list of our sources, see the show notes at 418 00:37:03,050 --> 00:37:10,370 Speaker 1: Timharford dot com. Cau Mary Tails is written by me 419 00:37:10,570 --> 00:37:14,610 Speaker 1: Tim Harford, with Andrew Wright, Alice Fines and Ryan Dilly. 420 00:37:15,450 --> 00:37:19,730 Speaker 1: It's produced by Georgia Mills and Marilyn Rust. The sound 421 00:37:19,770 --> 00:37:22,890 Speaker 1: design and original music are the work of Pascal Wise 422 00:37:24,330 --> 00:37:28,010 Speaker 1: bend A DAPFH. Haffrey edited the scripts. It features the 423 00:37:28,090 --> 00:37:33,650 Speaker 1: voice talents of Melanie Guttridge, Genevieve Gaunt, Stella Harford, Messea Monroe, 424 00:37:34,050 --> 00:37:38,850 Speaker 1: Jamal Westman, and Rufus Wright. The show also wouldn't have 425 00:37:38,890 --> 00:37:42,370 Speaker 1: been possible without the work of Jacob Weisberg, Greta Cohne, 426 00:37:42,730 --> 00:37:49,130 Speaker 1: Eric Sandler, Carrie Brody, Christina Sullivan, Kira Posey, and Owen Miller. 427 00:37:50,210 --> 00:37:54,050 Speaker 1: Cautionary Tales is a production of Pushkin Industries. If you 428 00:37:54,170 --> 00:37:58,130 Speaker 1: like the show, please remember to share, rate and review 429 00:37:58,610 --> 00:38:01,730 Speaker 1: really does make a difference to us. 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