1 00:00:00,560 --> 00:00:06,800 Speaker 1: Cuckoo Seattle. We're coming to see you. Yes, and your 2 00:00:06,840 --> 00:00:08,960 Speaker 1: little horn announcement is one of my favorite things that 3 00:00:09,000 --> 00:00:11,960 Speaker 1: you do because I know it means we're going to 4 00:00:12,000 --> 00:00:14,400 Speaker 1: do a live show, and in this case, we're going 5 00:00:14,480 --> 00:00:18,000 Speaker 1: to the great state of Washington, the greatest city in 6 00:00:18,040 --> 00:00:22,280 Speaker 1: the United States, Seattle, at the greatest theater in the world. 7 00:00:22,560 --> 00:00:25,200 Speaker 1: The more the more we're going back. It's like our 8 00:00:25,239 --> 00:00:27,720 Speaker 1: home away from home in Seattle. We're going to be 9 00:00:27,760 --> 00:00:32,159 Speaker 1: there Thursday, January, and tickets are already on sale and 10 00:00:32,200 --> 00:00:37,760 Speaker 1: they're going like like uh Washington hotcakes, which is fast. Yeah, 11 00:00:37,760 --> 00:00:39,760 Speaker 1: they're going like chew car cherries. And you know what, 12 00:00:40,040 --> 00:00:41,400 Speaker 1: you want to save the few bucks, I think you 13 00:00:41,400 --> 00:00:43,800 Speaker 1: can even go to the box office there buy them 14 00:00:43,800 --> 00:00:47,319 Speaker 1: without those internet fees. Yes, Or if you don't care 15 00:00:47,360 --> 00:00:48,800 Speaker 1: and you just want to buy them on the internet, 16 00:00:49,040 --> 00:00:51,360 Speaker 1: you can go to s y s K live dot 17 00:00:51,440 --> 00:00:53,760 Speaker 1: com and follow the links there and it will take 18 00:00:53,800 --> 00:00:55,960 Speaker 1: you right to the beautiful ticket site. And also, f 19 00:00:56,120 --> 00:00:58,640 Speaker 1: y I, if you go to buy tickets in person, 20 00:00:58,720 --> 00:01:00,400 Speaker 1: you want to go to the box office of the 21 00:01:00,440 --> 00:01:04,480 Speaker 1: Paramount Theater downtown, not the more the Paramount. We'll see 22 00:01:04,520 --> 00:01:08,280 Speaker 1: you guys in January. Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, 23 00:01:08,520 --> 00:01:17,120 Speaker 1: a production of I Heart Radios How Stuff Works. Hey, 24 00:01:17,200 --> 00:01:20,360 Speaker 1: and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh. There's Chuck, and 25 00:01:20,520 --> 00:01:23,560 Speaker 1: there's guest producer Josh over there, which makes this Stuff 26 00:01:23,560 --> 00:01:28,680 Speaker 1: you Should Know all inclusive, and guest ghost host Chuck. 27 00:01:29,800 --> 00:01:31,560 Speaker 1: Are you a ghost? Now? Did you die? No? I 28 00:01:31,640 --> 00:01:33,040 Speaker 1: just thought if there was two josh is in here, 29 00:01:33,040 --> 00:01:35,280 Speaker 1: I feel a little left out. Oh I see and 30 00:01:35,400 --> 00:01:38,040 Speaker 1: ganged up on. Yeah, I just I had no clever 31 00:01:38,080 --> 00:01:40,560 Speaker 1: way to say it. Ghost host, You're right about that. 32 00:01:40,880 --> 00:01:43,679 Speaker 1: My mouth is working today, my brain, that's all right. 33 00:01:43,920 --> 00:01:46,959 Speaker 1: It's been a long week already. It's only Tuesday, really, right, 34 00:01:47,400 --> 00:01:50,400 Speaker 1: is it just me? No, it's been a long week. 35 00:01:50,640 --> 00:01:52,720 Speaker 1: I mean today's like I know, I don't want to complain. 36 00:01:52,840 --> 00:01:56,600 Speaker 1: Never mind, everything's great. Hey, let me ask you something. 37 00:01:56,720 --> 00:01:59,120 Speaker 1: Does OATSI have a noom loud or not? Yes, it's 38 00:01:59,200 --> 00:02:02,000 Speaker 1: it's okay. It rhymes with tutsie. I saw someone put it. 39 00:02:02,040 --> 00:02:06,400 Speaker 1: I think are good friends at Smithsonian Magazine. It's there's 40 00:02:06,440 --> 00:02:09,360 Speaker 1: a bit of an R in there. Yeah. I like, 41 00:02:09,480 --> 00:02:15,600 Speaker 1: let's see alright, like Tutsie roll the dead Mummy. Let's see. 42 00:02:16,040 --> 00:02:18,520 Speaker 1: This is a good one. This is exciting. I've been 43 00:02:18,600 --> 00:02:20,519 Speaker 1: wanting to do one on this one too. I had to. 44 00:02:20,880 --> 00:02:24,959 Speaker 1: But in what spurned spurned or spurred? Spurned is where 45 00:02:24,960 --> 00:02:29,280 Speaker 1: you say get away and spurs like go ahead? Okay, nice, 46 00:02:29,360 --> 00:02:32,320 Speaker 1: Yeah that makes sense because you're using your spurs spurred. Sure, 47 00:02:32,400 --> 00:02:35,320 Speaker 1: I'm sure that's where that comes from. Surely, Okay, we 48 00:02:35,639 --> 00:02:40,120 Speaker 1: chuck just blew my mind? Uh what spurred this was there? 49 00:02:40,440 --> 00:02:43,640 Speaker 1: Let's see made some news recently because they managed to 50 00:02:43,680 --> 00:02:47,760 Speaker 1: trace his last like day and a half, really like 51 00:02:47,800 --> 00:02:50,639 Speaker 1: in the past few days even, Yeah, and about fifty 52 00:02:50,680 --> 00:02:53,320 Speaker 1: three years ago. He had the same thoughts that we 53 00:02:53,360 --> 00:02:55,480 Speaker 1: had when we started this podcast. He's like, it's only 54 00:02:55,520 --> 00:02:59,440 Speaker 1: Tuesday and this has been a long night already, a long, deadly, 55 00:02:59,480 --> 00:03:01,880 Speaker 1: bloody week. Yeah. I've been interested in this since I 56 00:03:01,919 --> 00:03:06,919 Speaker 1: saw the facial reconstruction photos. I was like, let's he 57 00:03:07,120 --> 00:03:11,560 Speaker 1: was Jack Palance Chris Christofferson? Is that? Okay dude? A 58 00:03:11,600 --> 00:03:15,720 Speaker 1: little bit of both. No, It's like they said, Mr Christofferson, 59 00:03:15,760 --> 00:03:17,239 Speaker 1: please come in so we can. Well, now that I 60 00:03:17,280 --> 00:03:21,280 Speaker 1: think about it, Christofferson and Jack Palance are have some similarities. 61 00:03:21,680 --> 00:03:24,560 Speaker 1: If you put a beard on Jack Palance, really yeah, sure, 62 00:03:24,600 --> 00:03:30,160 Speaker 1: squinty eyes. Yeah, I guess sound this sh face. Yeah, 63 00:03:30,520 --> 00:03:34,920 Speaker 1: I guess you could see both. Christofferson, Man, what a legend. Remember, yeah, 64 00:03:35,160 --> 00:03:40,080 Speaker 1: look there's Chris Christofferson kidding. That's let's see. Yeah, I 65 00:03:40,120 --> 00:03:44,200 Speaker 1: mean it's me and Bobby McGee right there. Exactly did 66 00:03:44,200 --> 00:03:47,560 Speaker 1: you see that Ken Burns documentary? Now I didn't not yet. 67 00:03:47,640 --> 00:03:49,520 Speaker 1: You haven't yet. Still No, I went to buy it 68 00:03:49,560 --> 00:03:52,040 Speaker 1: the other day and I just have not yet. So good. 69 00:03:52,280 --> 00:03:55,280 Speaker 1: He's gonna buy that stuff, right, yeah, all right. I 70 00:03:55,320 --> 00:03:56,600 Speaker 1: just didn't know if there was a work around and 71 00:03:56,600 --> 00:03:58,400 Speaker 1: you're like, oh, no, dude, here's what you do. Um, 72 00:03:58,880 --> 00:04:01,680 Speaker 1: I mean, I'll buy it. It's like t Bucks. Oh wow, 73 00:04:02,200 --> 00:04:04,600 Speaker 1: PBS gives it away for free. What do you got 74 00:04:04,720 --> 00:04:07,920 Speaker 1: some PBS connection? No, it was on PBS for a while. 75 00:04:08,080 --> 00:04:09,880 Speaker 1: Oh do you have cable or something? See, I don't 76 00:04:09,920 --> 00:04:11,720 Speaker 1: have I don't even think you have to have cable. 77 00:04:11,920 --> 00:04:15,839 Speaker 1: Oh you mean like, um, like you just stream? Yes, 78 00:04:16,440 --> 00:04:19,400 Speaker 1: you're you're up the creek. I thought you meant, now, 79 00:04:19,400 --> 00:04:21,600 Speaker 1: you don't have to have cable to get PBS. You 80 00:04:21,720 --> 00:04:26,479 Speaker 1: just like help people in the world and just beams 81 00:04:26,520 --> 00:04:28,359 Speaker 1: under your eyelids. You know what I was thinking? You 82 00:04:28,360 --> 00:04:30,200 Speaker 1: have to stand there and hold like a coat hanger 83 00:04:30,240 --> 00:04:32,440 Speaker 1: a certain way in your TV. In the other hand, 84 00:04:33,320 --> 00:04:35,880 Speaker 1: you can get PBS. I'm gonna buy it though it 85 00:04:35,920 --> 00:04:38,200 Speaker 1: looks great, why not? It is good, and I would 86 00:04:38,200 --> 00:04:40,920 Speaker 1: say I would, I would say it's worth roughly sixty 87 00:04:41,320 --> 00:04:44,000 Speaker 1: it's pretty good. But anyway, Chris christoffers and figures big 88 00:04:44,040 --> 00:04:45,920 Speaker 1: into one of the episode like it's not worth more 89 00:04:45,920 --> 00:04:49,320 Speaker 1: than forty five, go ahead and pay right because it 90 00:04:49,320 --> 00:04:52,560 Speaker 1: goes to Kim Burns hairdresser. That's right, and that's a 91 00:04:53,040 --> 00:04:55,320 Speaker 1: quite a collection of brushes that person has to maintain. 92 00:04:55,480 --> 00:05:00,480 Speaker 1: But Chris Christofferson has interviewed like today and thing he 93 00:05:00,560 --> 00:05:03,680 Speaker 1: looks exactly like let's see now. Well, I try to 94 00:05:03,680 --> 00:05:06,039 Speaker 1: get him on movie Crush because he played the City Winery, 95 00:05:06,520 --> 00:05:09,279 Speaker 1: which is like attached to our building basically, So I 96 00:05:09,279 --> 00:05:11,520 Speaker 1: will try and get people from over there on the 97 00:05:11,520 --> 00:05:13,680 Speaker 1: basis of like are you gonna do? Was walk over there? 98 00:05:14,200 --> 00:05:18,440 Speaker 1: Called the parking lot right his His manager emailed me 99 00:05:18,480 --> 00:05:21,880 Speaker 1: back and said, and this should hearten you as well, 100 00:05:21,880 --> 00:05:24,159 Speaker 1: said I'm actually it's stuff you should know. Fan the 101 00:05:24,200 --> 00:05:27,760 Speaker 1: manager and said, but you know what, um, he doesn't 102 00:05:27,760 --> 00:05:30,440 Speaker 1: really do interviews anymore. So maybe I just got the 103 00:05:30,440 --> 00:05:33,960 Speaker 1: the easy, the easy paths, but man, I really wanted 104 00:05:33,960 --> 00:05:36,479 Speaker 1: that one to come through to dude in this office. 105 00:05:36,480 --> 00:05:40,280 Speaker 1: That would have been pretty special. But I'm no Kin Burns. 106 00:05:41,040 --> 00:05:46,200 Speaker 1: No who is kin Burns? Yeah that's true. All right, 107 00:05:46,279 --> 00:05:49,760 Speaker 1: let's talk. Should we take a break, Let's go back, 108 00:05:49,880 --> 00:05:51,960 Speaker 1: chuck a little bit, let's get in the way back machine. 109 00:05:51,960 --> 00:06:00,400 Speaker 1: It's been a little while. Okay, we're gonna go back, 110 00:06:00,520 --> 00:06:02,839 Speaker 1: and we even know exactly when we're going back to 111 00:06:03,440 --> 00:06:10,920 Speaker 1: one pm on September. Whoa one. I'm I'm in college. 112 00:06:11,440 --> 00:06:14,040 Speaker 1: It's a salad days. I'm wearing a Flavor Flavor clock 113 00:06:14,120 --> 00:06:21,760 Speaker 1: around my neck. I was a sophomore in high school. Yeah, 114 00:06:21,920 --> 00:06:23,839 Speaker 1: that's all I have to say about that. I never 115 00:06:24,000 --> 00:06:27,000 Speaker 1: wore the Flavor Flavor clock. But trying to let that 116 00:06:27,040 --> 00:06:29,840 Speaker 1: be well, I should have. I was not cool enough, 117 00:06:29,880 --> 00:06:32,640 Speaker 1: but I was listening to Apocalypse. You know what I'm saying. 118 00:06:32,680 --> 00:06:35,720 Speaker 1: You shouldn't have admitted that you didn't work, But no 119 00:06:35,800 --> 00:06:37,520 Speaker 1: one believe that. You know, I'm not that cool. You know. 120 00:06:37,560 --> 00:06:40,240 Speaker 1: Aaron Cooper made a pretty awesome one of my favorite 121 00:06:40,240 --> 00:06:43,080 Speaker 1: ones of all time. It was us as Public Enemy, 122 00:06:43,279 --> 00:06:45,279 Speaker 1: and I think I'm flavor flavor in it. But you 123 00:06:45,320 --> 00:06:49,440 Speaker 1: look like Chuck D. And it's cool. It's a cool 124 00:06:49,480 --> 00:06:51,320 Speaker 1: photo shop of us. I tried to get Chuck D 125 00:06:51,400 --> 00:06:54,440 Speaker 1: on Movie Crushed too. Did he play the city Winery? No, 126 00:06:54,640 --> 00:06:56,960 Speaker 1: but he lives in Atlanta. I didn't know that and 127 00:06:57,240 --> 00:06:59,880 Speaker 1: at least part time, Boy did he say he did 128 00:07:00,040 --> 00:07:02,440 Speaker 1: say anything because the management company at email said we 129 00:07:02,480 --> 00:07:05,400 Speaker 1: don't manage him anymore. So it was just a dead end. 130 00:07:05,520 --> 00:07:08,080 Speaker 1: I got you the Chuck the If you're listening Pont 131 00:07:08,080 --> 00:07:11,280 Speaker 1: City Market, let's come, let's talk about your favorite movie. 132 00:07:11,920 --> 00:07:16,880 Speaker 1: Right and also shout out to Chris Christofferson's manager. That's right, 133 00:07:16,960 --> 00:07:19,080 Speaker 1: of course. Alright, boy, we're gonna have to go back 134 00:07:19,080 --> 00:07:20,960 Speaker 1: and ed it all this happened. No, it's one thirty 135 00:07:21,040 --> 00:07:25,800 Speaker 1: pm e septemb and we are hiking with Erica and 136 00:07:25,800 --> 00:07:30,080 Speaker 1: Helmut Simon there German. But we are hiking in the 137 00:07:30,120 --> 00:07:34,520 Speaker 1: oats all Alps in Italy. Yes, between Italy and Austria, 138 00:07:34,520 --> 00:07:36,920 Speaker 1: like right on the border, very close to the border. 139 00:07:37,080 --> 00:07:40,440 Speaker 1: Um and on this peak the uh. The Simons decided 140 00:07:40,520 --> 00:07:43,080 Speaker 1: that as they were descending that they would take a 141 00:07:43,080 --> 00:07:46,160 Speaker 1: short cut, and the shortcut took him through this past 142 00:07:46,320 --> 00:07:51,080 Speaker 1: pastor crevasse and in this little shallow crevasse, they said, oh, 143 00:07:51,280 --> 00:07:54,520 Speaker 1: there's a there's a dead body. There's a corpse. And 144 00:07:54,560 --> 00:07:58,240 Speaker 1: you were like what I was because we were there too, 145 00:07:58,400 --> 00:08:03,600 Speaker 1: right yeah, And I said it's right time, boy, right exactly. Um, yeah, 146 00:08:03,640 --> 00:08:07,240 Speaker 1: that's great. So the thing is is they could they 147 00:08:07,240 --> 00:08:09,200 Speaker 1: could see it was I could ever like they could 148 00:08:09,200 --> 00:08:13,880 Speaker 1: see the corpses, back, back of the head, arm hanging out, um. 149 00:08:14,000 --> 00:08:16,200 Speaker 1: And they just thought, well, we heard that there was 150 00:08:16,240 --> 00:08:18,840 Speaker 1: a hiker that was recently killed, and that's probably who 151 00:08:18,880 --> 00:08:20,880 Speaker 1: that is. We'll take a couple of pictures and go 152 00:08:20,960 --> 00:08:23,640 Speaker 1: down and tell somebody who owns like the nearest lodge. 153 00:08:24,080 --> 00:08:25,720 Speaker 1: And on the way down, you and I are going like, 154 00:08:25,960 --> 00:08:29,040 Speaker 1: that was not a hiker that was recently killed. Even 155 00:08:29,120 --> 00:08:31,360 Speaker 1: I knew that, Like, did you see that guy? He 156 00:08:31,520 --> 00:08:35,439 Speaker 1: was super old. He was a mummy. The Simons are crazy, 157 00:08:35,679 --> 00:08:39,600 Speaker 1: and the Simon's were not crazy, but I'm sure they 158 00:08:39,600 --> 00:08:41,080 Speaker 1: were saying the same thing. They were just out of 159 00:08:41,080 --> 00:08:44,920 Speaker 1: your shot, right. So they they some people went up 160 00:08:45,000 --> 00:08:46,720 Speaker 1: and I think within a day or two they went 161 00:08:46,800 --> 00:08:49,640 Speaker 1: up to try to get this dead hiker who they 162 00:08:49,640 --> 00:08:51,839 Speaker 1: thought was a dead hiker out and they did a 163 00:08:51,960 --> 00:08:55,960 Speaker 1: terrible job with it. They used ski poles to chip 164 00:08:55,960 --> 00:08:59,719 Speaker 1: away at the ice. They used an ice hammer to 165 00:09:00,040 --> 00:09:03,760 Speaker 1: chip away at the ice. Um damaged the body. But 166 00:09:03,880 --> 00:09:06,320 Speaker 1: they think, well, it's just like some hiker or whatever. 167 00:09:06,360 --> 00:09:08,400 Speaker 1: It will be fine. Put him in a wooden cast 168 00:09:08,520 --> 00:09:11,440 Speaker 1: it um. And this article makes it sound like he 169 00:09:12,040 --> 00:09:15,000 Speaker 1: like the whole world or everybody who knew about this body. 170 00:09:15,400 --> 00:09:18,320 Speaker 1: I just thought it was a modern hiker for you know, 171 00:09:18,960 --> 00:09:21,720 Speaker 1: a while, until the body came down the mountains. That's 172 00:09:21,760 --> 00:09:24,440 Speaker 1: not the case. One of the things that when they 173 00:09:24,480 --> 00:09:29,680 Speaker 1: were getting this body out the accidentally excavated was a 174 00:09:29,720 --> 00:09:33,080 Speaker 1: copper headed axe, and word got out that there was 175 00:09:33,120 --> 00:09:35,640 Speaker 1: an axe with this body, and that is really weird 176 00:09:36,960 --> 00:09:40,240 Speaker 1: copper with like a wooden shaft and everything was clearly 177 00:09:40,280 --> 00:09:44,360 Speaker 1: a very very very old um axe. And so pretty 178 00:09:44,400 --> 00:09:47,640 Speaker 1: quickly they realized that they were onto something here for sure. 179 00:09:47,760 --> 00:09:52,920 Speaker 1: And what they found out was this body hi frozen body. 180 00:09:53,120 --> 00:09:56,840 Speaker 1: One of my favorite Simpsons lines ever five thousand years old. 181 00:09:57,200 --> 00:10:00,360 Speaker 1: That's the same like, same little bit as he goes 182 00:10:00,400 --> 00:10:09,559 Speaker 1: moon pie a not a Abes buddy. What's his name? 183 00:10:09,679 --> 00:10:12,120 Speaker 1: Oh man, it will become me later, I'll say it. 184 00:10:12,360 --> 00:10:19,920 Speaker 1: People are screaming. I can picture him now, Oh what 185 00:10:20,040 --> 00:10:22,320 Speaker 1: is it? I want to say, like Chauncey or Chalmers? 186 00:10:22,400 --> 00:10:25,920 Speaker 1: Is not that very similar to that? Honestly? All right, 187 00:10:25,920 --> 00:10:29,480 Speaker 1: I'm gonna keep going. So they get this body out 188 00:10:29,520 --> 00:10:34,400 Speaker 1: and UM removed it on September, sealed it up, like 189 00:10:34,480 --> 00:10:37,360 Speaker 1: you said, flew it out of town in a wooden 190 00:10:37,400 --> 00:10:41,960 Speaker 1: coffin to Ennsbruck, the Institute of Forensic Medicine. And there 191 00:10:42,000 --> 00:10:46,520 Speaker 1: was an archaeologist named Conrad Spindler there who said, uh, 192 00:10:46,640 --> 00:10:48,959 Speaker 1: this body is at least four thousand years old, at 193 00:10:48,960 --> 00:10:54,480 Speaker 1: the very least. What's abes friends name, Jasper Beard? Of course, 194 00:10:54,880 --> 00:10:59,600 Speaker 1: so they nicknamed the Utsi because of the region of 195 00:10:59,640 --> 00:11:02,640 Speaker 1: the all Alps. Very cute little name it is. Other 196 00:11:02,679 --> 00:11:06,040 Speaker 1: people call him frozen Fritz. Really yeah, I like, let's 197 00:11:06,000 --> 00:11:11,839 Speaker 1: see way more so. Um. In pretty short order they 198 00:11:11,880 --> 00:11:15,840 Speaker 1: realized that what they had just excavated in the roughest 199 00:11:15,840 --> 00:11:20,720 Speaker 1: possible manner and accidentally come upon was the corpse of 200 00:11:20,880 --> 00:11:26,040 Speaker 1: a fifty three hundred year old body. Yes, And when 201 00:11:26,040 --> 00:11:28,280 Speaker 1: I said the guy said it was four thousand years old? 202 00:11:28,559 --> 00:11:30,800 Speaker 1: He he said that was the initial Like he's at 203 00:11:30,880 --> 00:11:33,320 Speaker 1: least this old, right, But it turns out that after 204 00:11:33,360 --> 00:11:36,000 Speaker 1: further study, they figured out he was actually fifty years 205 00:11:36,000 --> 00:11:39,000 Speaker 1: old and that he lived in the Copper Age, which 206 00:11:39,080 --> 00:11:41,880 Speaker 1: was a relatively brief period in human history, but a 207 00:11:41,920 --> 00:11:46,880 Speaker 1: really important one um between the Neolithic Age at the 208 00:11:47,000 --> 00:11:49,480 Speaker 1: end of the Neolithic Age when the first farmers started 209 00:11:49,480 --> 00:11:51,960 Speaker 1: to appear, and the Bronze Age, when the first what 210 00:11:52,040 --> 00:11:57,200 Speaker 1: we consider society and civilization in history began. And we 211 00:11:57,240 --> 00:12:01,400 Speaker 1: know very little about this, and what hikers had discovered 212 00:12:01,960 --> 00:12:06,920 Speaker 1: was a snapshot of life during that time because let's see, 213 00:12:07,040 --> 00:12:10,800 Speaker 1: appeared to have just died where he fell where he died, 214 00:12:11,960 --> 00:12:14,440 Speaker 1: or died where he fell. Yeah, it was almost there 215 00:12:14,880 --> 00:12:18,200 Speaker 1: um and leaving his his belongings with him, and it 216 00:12:18,280 --> 00:12:21,679 Speaker 1: wasn't he wasn't like a great revered figure. He wasn't buried, 217 00:12:21,679 --> 00:12:26,240 Speaker 1: he wasn't prepared. He was kept intact for fifty years 218 00:12:26,240 --> 00:12:28,640 Speaker 1: on this glacier. Yeah, that was the biggest deal because 219 00:12:28,640 --> 00:12:30,920 Speaker 1: they have mummies, and they have older mummies, but like 220 00:12:30,960 --> 00:12:34,040 Speaker 1: you said, it's their organs are removed. They're filled with 221 00:12:34,960 --> 00:12:38,040 Speaker 1: you know, embalming chemicals and things they used at the 222 00:12:38,080 --> 00:12:42,679 Speaker 1: time for preservation for the afterlife and all this. So 223 00:12:42,760 --> 00:12:45,920 Speaker 1: this was a really big deal. To find this body 224 00:12:46,080 --> 00:12:51,120 Speaker 1: just really really scarily well preserved. And when we say 225 00:12:51,160 --> 00:12:56,640 Speaker 1: well preserved, it doesn't look like Chris Christofferson but not anymore. 226 00:12:56,679 --> 00:12:59,440 Speaker 1: The organs were there and like didn't the red blood 227 00:12:59,440 --> 00:13:05,000 Speaker 1: cells have still intact. Yeah, it's the oldest intact blood 228 00:13:05,040 --> 00:13:08,920 Speaker 1: sample ever taken. Um Let's sees was so and the 229 00:13:08,960 --> 00:13:14,640 Speaker 1: fact that he wasn't buried provides a snapshot. It wasn't ritualized. 230 00:13:14,679 --> 00:13:17,360 Speaker 1: It was this guy was just living his life and 231 00:13:17,400 --> 00:13:20,560 Speaker 1: he died and happened to be preserved perfectly. So his 232 00:13:20,640 --> 00:13:23,800 Speaker 1: belongings were preserved along with them and things that are 233 00:13:23,920 --> 00:13:28,960 Speaker 1: organic and typically typically um decay long before years comes 234 00:13:28,960 --> 00:13:32,160 Speaker 1: and goes. So his clothing made of like different types 235 00:13:32,200 --> 00:13:37,040 Speaker 1: of leather was preserved. His his coat or cape made 236 00:13:37,040 --> 00:13:39,800 Speaker 1: of woven grasses was preserved. It was a really cool 237 00:13:39,800 --> 00:13:42,640 Speaker 1: when you look at the shoes and the bear skin 238 00:13:42,760 --> 00:13:46,679 Speaker 1: had and bear skin hat was another one. His tool 239 00:13:46,760 --> 00:13:50,160 Speaker 1: kit was preserved. All of the stuff that we had 240 00:13:50,240 --> 00:13:53,720 Speaker 1: like like just kind of little hints and traces and 241 00:13:53,720 --> 00:13:58,400 Speaker 1: glimpses of from different like burial cashes or just happened 242 00:13:58,400 --> 00:14:01,880 Speaker 1: to find some artifact or whatever. This was like a 243 00:14:01,960 --> 00:14:06,280 Speaker 1: straight up polaroid picture of life in the Coppers. Yeah, 244 00:14:06,280 --> 00:14:08,599 Speaker 1: it was almost like someone stumbled upon a Museum of 245 00:14:08,679 --> 00:14:11,880 Speaker 1: Natural History display, but it was real, right, you know, 246 00:14:12,000 --> 00:14:14,400 Speaker 1: well put chuck. You know who would have loved that analogy? 247 00:14:14,760 --> 00:14:18,840 Speaker 1: Chris Christophers. It's not gonna say either Jasper or Arty. 248 00:14:19,000 --> 00:14:20,680 Speaker 1: And I don't mean would have in the fact that 249 00:14:20,720 --> 00:14:23,120 Speaker 1: he's dead, I mean would have had he heard it. 250 00:14:23,400 --> 00:14:25,600 Speaker 1: I agree, he's never going to hear this. You never know. 251 00:14:26,240 --> 00:14:29,120 Speaker 1: I'm like using reverse. They called his manager right now, 252 00:14:29,720 --> 00:14:31,680 Speaker 1: Well do you might as well. Willie Nelson will never 253 00:14:31,720 --> 00:14:34,480 Speaker 1: listen to these either, neither World Dolly Parton. We want 254 00:14:34,480 --> 00:14:37,640 Speaker 1: all the country legends listening. Ronnie millsap will never hear this. 255 00:14:39,120 --> 00:14:42,480 Speaker 1: Was okay, not with us though, because he doesn't listen 256 00:14:42,520 --> 00:14:46,040 Speaker 1: to stuff you should know and never will. So apparently 257 00:14:46,120 --> 00:14:50,920 Speaker 1: where where Artsy actually fell was pretty lucky because it 258 00:14:51,040 --> 00:14:54,480 Speaker 1: was in a very shallow crevasse and the fact that 259 00:14:54,480 --> 00:14:57,600 Speaker 1: that was uh kind of walled up on both sides 260 00:14:57,640 --> 00:15:00,040 Speaker 1: of him kept him. If he was just out in 261 00:15:00,080 --> 00:15:02,600 Speaker 1: the open, the freeze thought cycle over the years would 262 00:15:02,600 --> 00:15:05,760 Speaker 1: have washed everything away and ripped him apart. And uh, 263 00:15:05,800 --> 00:15:08,200 Speaker 1: it didn't happen because he kind of fell in this 264 00:15:08,320 --> 00:15:12,640 Speaker 1: crevasse um, all five ft two hundred and thirty four 265 00:15:12,680 --> 00:15:15,400 Speaker 1: pounds of him, which is a hundred and fifty eight 266 00:15:15,520 --> 00:15:20,400 Speaker 1: centimeters And that's right. He had brown eyes. Apparently at 267 00:15:20,440 --> 00:15:22,520 Speaker 1: five two was even a little short for the time, 268 00:15:22,600 --> 00:15:26,400 Speaker 1: but he was ripped. Yeah, he was pretty sturdy, uh, 269 00:15:26,520 --> 00:15:30,000 Speaker 1: you know, in his mid forties, like we said, and 270 00:15:30,320 --> 00:15:33,400 Speaker 1: really strong legs. And you know, kind of the fun 271 00:15:33,440 --> 00:15:38,840 Speaker 1: thing about this is the archaeological forensics of trying to 272 00:15:38,920 --> 00:15:42,640 Speaker 1: piece together like what was he doing, how did he die? What? 273 00:15:43,440 --> 00:15:45,600 Speaker 1: We'll get to all that, but just the fact that, 274 00:15:45,640 --> 00:15:48,400 Speaker 1: like he had big legs. They were like this guy, 275 00:15:48,440 --> 00:15:50,640 Speaker 1: he's probably go hurder. He's walking up and down these 276 00:15:50,640 --> 00:15:54,480 Speaker 1: mountains all the time. Look at those calves. He looked 277 00:15:54,520 --> 00:15:57,240 Speaker 1: like that guy from that one Liberty Mutual commercial. I 278 00:15:57,280 --> 00:16:00,920 Speaker 1: don't know, what do you mean, It doesn't matter, like 279 00:16:01,040 --> 00:16:03,320 Speaker 1: ten people this laft. What else did he had? He 280 00:16:03,360 --> 00:16:05,840 Speaker 1: had a dagger, he had that axe you're talking about. 281 00:16:06,360 --> 00:16:11,280 Speaker 1: The dagger, had a wicker sheath, he had um a backpack. 282 00:16:11,640 --> 00:16:14,160 Speaker 1: He had a leather pouch. Yeah. The backpack, by the way, 283 00:16:14,200 --> 00:16:17,280 Speaker 1: we'll never know how it worked because it got destroyed 284 00:16:17,320 --> 00:16:19,320 Speaker 1: by the people who went and dug him out of 285 00:16:19,320 --> 00:16:22,600 Speaker 1: the ice. He had some rudimentary snowshoes. He had a belt. 286 00:16:22,880 --> 00:16:26,160 Speaker 1: He had had a belt that matched his cape, right, yeah, 287 00:16:26,320 --> 00:16:28,400 Speaker 1: oh man, and we'll talk about that. But apparently they 288 00:16:28,440 --> 00:16:30,680 Speaker 1: think that was on purpose. Yes, that he was a 289 00:16:30,680 --> 00:16:33,800 Speaker 1: bit of a fashionista. Um. He had a couple of 290 00:16:33,800 --> 00:16:38,120 Speaker 1: like vessels that were lined with um maple leaves that 291 00:16:38,160 --> 00:16:40,520 Speaker 1: he used to carry embers from place to place so 292 00:16:40,600 --> 00:16:42,880 Speaker 1: he wouldn't have to start a fire again. And all 293 00:16:42,920 --> 00:16:45,600 Speaker 1: the stuff. You're like, I'm cool a flint dagger, cool 294 00:16:45,680 --> 00:16:49,560 Speaker 1: copper x oh some members, Yeah, I do too. But 295 00:16:49,680 --> 00:16:52,040 Speaker 1: I can see people out there being like, uh, talk 296 00:16:52,120 --> 00:16:55,040 Speaker 1: about math or something. Right. The thing is is like 297 00:16:55,080 --> 00:16:57,840 Speaker 1: all this stuff that seems kind of boring and superficial 298 00:16:58,320 --> 00:17:01,520 Speaker 1: has been so thoroughly study that it's actually been used 299 00:17:01,560 --> 00:17:04,840 Speaker 1: to paint a larger picture. Like we understand the copper 300 00:17:04,920 --> 00:17:08,080 Speaker 1: age in Europe way better than we did before he 301 00:17:08,200 --> 00:17:11,960 Speaker 1: was discovered just from finding this, the few things that 302 00:17:12,040 --> 00:17:18,400 Speaker 1: he died with and him himself. He also interestingly had 303 00:17:18,760 --> 00:17:24,159 Speaker 1: sixty one tattoos all over his body. I've been waiting 304 00:17:24,160 --> 00:17:27,919 Speaker 1: for this day. What you said tattoos correctly? Oh, you 305 00:17:27,920 --> 00:17:33,040 Speaker 1: mean the tattoos, so uh yeah, and they were they 306 00:17:33,040 --> 00:17:35,520 Speaker 1: covered him from head to toe in different parts, and 307 00:17:35,720 --> 00:17:38,280 Speaker 1: they didn't use needles back then obviously, but they would 308 00:17:38,760 --> 00:17:42,119 Speaker 1: rub or cut the skin open and then rub charcoal inside, 309 00:17:43,040 --> 00:17:45,800 Speaker 1: and they're all They mapped him out in two thousand 310 00:17:45,920 --> 00:17:50,720 Speaker 1: fifteen and organized them into nineteen groups, and they are basically, 311 00:17:50,880 --> 00:17:53,760 Speaker 1: you know, like maybe three identical lines, short lines like 312 00:17:53,800 --> 00:17:58,000 Speaker 1: an inch long, or like a cross, not a spiritual 313 00:17:58,040 --> 00:18:01,320 Speaker 1: religious cross, but you know, like a plus sign, yeah, 314 00:18:01,560 --> 00:18:07,399 Speaker 1: or like a Chinese character that has some inspirational association 315 00:18:08,520 --> 00:18:11,840 Speaker 1: perseverance or something had a lower back tattoo of a 316 00:18:11,880 --> 00:18:15,280 Speaker 1: thorny branch um. But yeah, they map these all out, 317 00:18:15,359 --> 00:18:17,840 Speaker 1: and for a while they thought, and some people still think, 318 00:18:18,480 --> 00:18:21,200 Speaker 1: because they were largely found around the joints and along 319 00:18:21,200 --> 00:18:25,240 Speaker 1: his back um, and he had back problems, and they 320 00:18:25,359 --> 00:18:28,119 Speaker 1: he basically was marked up where he hurt, it looks like, 321 00:18:28,920 --> 00:18:32,440 Speaker 1: and they thought it might have been either acuput puncture 322 00:18:32,640 --> 00:18:35,680 Speaker 1: points to mark or it might have been the acupuncture 323 00:18:35,680 --> 00:18:38,720 Speaker 1: treatment itself, right, but it does. They do think that 324 00:18:38,800 --> 00:18:41,679 Speaker 1: it had something to do with acupuncture, which in and 325 00:18:41,720 --> 00:18:45,080 Speaker 1: of itself was a big revelation because they thought up 326 00:18:45,080 --> 00:18:48,040 Speaker 1: to that point that acupuncture had been invented two thousand 327 00:18:48,160 --> 00:18:52,680 Speaker 1: years after, let see, and way further eastern in Asia, right, 328 00:18:52,840 --> 00:18:54,879 Speaker 1: But now they think that may not have been the 329 00:18:54,920 --> 00:18:59,240 Speaker 1: case because they found um a new cluster of tattoos 330 00:18:59,240 --> 00:19:02,600 Speaker 1: on his chest that they didn't formally recognize, and they 331 00:19:02,600 --> 00:19:04,840 Speaker 1: were like, there are no acupuncture points there, and he 332 00:19:04,880 --> 00:19:08,760 Speaker 1: didn't have any injuries there. So now they're they didn't 333 00:19:08,800 --> 00:19:11,200 Speaker 1: throw it out with the bathwater. But there are people 334 00:19:11,200 --> 00:19:12,880 Speaker 1: now they're saying like, we don't know if that's true 335 00:19:12,960 --> 00:19:15,560 Speaker 1: or not. No, Okay, so I'm really glad you said that. 336 00:19:16,760 --> 00:19:20,040 Speaker 1: Everything that we know about Letsie, aside from the fact 337 00:19:20,160 --> 00:19:24,120 Speaker 1: that he is dead, that we have a pretty good 338 00:19:24,119 --> 00:19:27,200 Speaker 1: idea of when he lived, probably was height, weight, was 339 00:19:27,240 --> 00:19:31,360 Speaker 1: stuff like that. Everything else is interpretation. So you have 340 00:19:31,440 --> 00:19:37,480 Speaker 1: to remember that interpretation super educated and usually UM displaying 341 00:19:37,520 --> 00:19:42,680 Speaker 1: the current understanding of history or interpretation of history or events, 342 00:19:42,720 --> 00:19:46,800 Speaker 1: but um, it is still interpretation. That's part of archaeology 343 00:19:46,800 --> 00:19:50,760 Speaker 1: and anthropology and history, especially when you're talking about prehistory. 344 00:19:50,880 --> 00:19:53,280 Speaker 1: This is he lived during a time before anybody wrote 345 00:19:53,280 --> 00:19:57,000 Speaker 1: anything down or recorded anything, which makes it prehistoric. But 346 00:19:57,359 --> 00:19:59,760 Speaker 1: you just bear that in mind that everything we're talking about, 347 00:19:59,760 --> 00:20:01,879 Speaker 1: and every a thing you go read about OTSI is 348 00:20:02,040 --> 00:20:06,680 Speaker 1: very much described in absolute terms, but it is our 349 00:20:06,800 --> 00:20:09,359 Speaker 1: picture and image of him. How he lived, how he 350 00:20:09,440 --> 00:20:13,960 Speaker 1: died has really shaped and shifted over the years since 351 00:20:14,000 --> 00:20:16,360 Speaker 1: he was discovered, and it still is. It's still malleable. 352 00:20:16,400 --> 00:20:21,280 Speaker 1: Nothing is definitive. Nothing said in ice. All right, let's 353 00:20:21,280 --> 00:20:24,080 Speaker 1: take a break. It was a bad joke. We'll talk 354 00:20:24,119 --> 00:20:49,080 Speaker 1: about Urtsey's health, right for this. Was he healthy? I 355 00:20:49,080 --> 00:20:52,600 Speaker 1: mean he was. No. He was a person of age 356 00:20:52,680 --> 00:20:55,080 Speaker 1: in his mid forties of a time where at that 357 00:20:55,119 --> 00:20:58,399 Speaker 1: age he's going to be pretty beat up. Yeah, he 358 00:20:58,480 --> 00:21:00,639 Speaker 1: wasn't unhealthy and like the modern sense where he's like 359 00:21:00,680 --> 00:21:03,480 Speaker 1: deliberately wrecking his health because he's eating too much junk 360 00:21:03,560 --> 00:21:07,360 Speaker 1: food or something like you know me. Yeah, but he 361 00:21:07,440 --> 00:21:09,879 Speaker 1: was unhealthy in the way that a person would be 362 00:21:09,960 --> 00:21:12,760 Speaker 1: unhealthy from living close to the land at a time 363 00:21:12,800 --> 00:21:16,600 Speaker 1: before medicine had really developed. Yeah, exactly, no doctors, no dentists. 364 00:21:16,640 --> 00:21:19,840 Speaker 1: So as you would imagine, he had gum disease, heart disease, 365 00:21:20,600 --> 00:21:26,560 Speaker 1: lime disease, gallbladder stones, hardened arteries, gall stones. Yeah, the 366 00:21:27,760 --> 00:21:31,200 Speaker 1: disorders so nice, we named it twice, right, He had 367 00:21:31,520 --> 00:21:34,440 Speaker 1: a whipworm parasite in his gut. He had h pylori 368 00:21:34,520 --> 00:21:38,480 Speaker 1: in his gut um. And all of this is to say, 369 00:21:38,600 --> 00:21:41,040 Speaker 1: like you said, he was probably a pretty normal dude 370 00:21:41,520 --> 00:21:45,000 Speaker 1: of mid forties of the time. Uh, he was. They 371 00:21:45,000 --> 00:21:47,399 Speaker 1: couldn't find his stomach for a long time. It's amazing 372 00:21:47,440 --> 00:21:50,680 Speaker 1: how much of the stuff like it was found over 373 00:21:50,680 --> 00:21:53,399 Speaker 1: the years, Like this tattoo. This new tattoo was just 374 00:21:53,440 --> 00:21:56,080 Speaker 1: found a few years ago after like many many years 375 00:21:56,080 --> 00:21:59,560 Speaker 1: of study. His birthmark that looks like Abraham Lincoln eluded 376 00:21:59,560 --> 00:22:02,880 Speaker 1: people for decades, but they couldn't even find his stomach 377 00:22:02,920 --> 00:22:05,560 Speaker 1: and they found it, like, oh, here it is twenty 378 00:22:05,600 --> 00:22:08,720 Speaker 1: years later. They found it wedged up between his ribs 379 00:22:08,720 --> 00:22:11,560 Speaker 1: and his lungs. Yeah. Then they found it because they 380 00:22:11,720 --> 00:22:15,320 Speaker 1: noticed tia gall stones. So they basically traced a path 381 00:22:15,480 --> 00:22:18,480 Speaker 1: from the gall bladder to the stomach and said, there 382 00:22:18,520 --> 00:22:21,280 Speaker 1: it is. We found it. And they were really happy 383 00:22:21,280 --> 00:22:23,919 Speaker 1: they found it because when they started dissected or take 384 00:22:23,960 --> 00:22:27,000 Speaker 1: samples from it, they found that it was full. Yeah. 385 00:22:27,160 --> 00:22:29,480 Speaker 1: He died like within an hour or so of eating 386 00:22:29,520 --> 00:22:32,359 Speaker 1: his last meal and hadn't digested it. He had food 387 00:22:32,359 --> 00:22:35,359 Speaker 1: in his in his colon. Uh, he had food and 388 00:22:35,440 --> 00:22:41,240 Speaker 1: his intestines. He had a turtle head peeking out. That's awesome. 389 00:22:41,480 --> 00:22:45,520 Speaker 1: What his last meal was dried ibex and deer meat 390 00:22:46,240 --> 00:22:50,840 Speaker 1: with ink horn wheat, Yes, and slow plums. I don't 391 00:22:50,840 --> 00:22:53,040 Speaker 1: know why that wasn't mentioned. Can get that same meal 392 00:22:53,359 --> 00:22:58,639 Speaker 1: in served you by a guy with a waxed mustache 393 00:22:58,680 --> 00:23:02,080 Speaker 1: and like some sort of arm band, an armed guard. So, yeah, 394 00:23:02,080 --> 00:23:04,760 Speaker 1: an armed guarter. That's that's it, isn't it. Yeah, that's it. 395 00:23:05,119 --> 00:23:07,959 Speaker 1: Um So he they think some sort of like fatty 396 00:23:08,080 --> 00:23:12,119 Speaker 1: cured meat, kind of like a bacon cured bacon today. 397 00:23:12,200 --> 00:23:15,159 Speaker 1: And the iron iron i corn wheat was from bread. 398 00:23:15,400 --> 00:23:19,440 Speaker 1: And he also ate slow plums. Got okay, slow plums Yeah, 399 00:23:19,600 --> 00:23:22,840 Speaker 1: that they make slow gin from. Oh really, which I've 400 00:23:22,880 --> 00:23:25,560 Speaker 1: never had, have you? That's s l o e right 401 00:23:25,720 --> 00:23:29,040 Speaker 1: yeah right. It's like it's supposedly a very tart, kind 402 00:23:29,040 --> 00:23:32,200 Speaker 1: of bitterish plum, but it was it's like load of vitamins. 403 00:23:32,240 --> 00:23:36,280 Speaker 1: I've never had it. I remember it seemed like an 404 00:23:36,680 --> 00:23:39,159 Speaker 1: old person drink was a slow gin fizz, like an 405 00:23:39,200 --> 00:23:41,680 Speaker 1: old person who's like a hundred fifty year olds old. Yes. 406 00:23:41,800 --> 00:23:43,760 Speaker 1: When when I lived in Arizona, there were all the 407 00:23:43,840 --> 00:23:46,200 Speaker 1: snowbirds are down there. They drink like slow gin fizz. Really, 408 00:23:46,400 --> 00:23:49,480 Speaker 1: I've never been present when somebody ordered a slow gim fizz. Yeah, 409 00:23:50,080 --> 00:23:53,600 Speaker 1: I would like to try one. Sure, try one. Okay, Josh, 410 00:23:53,800 --> 00:23:57,040 Speaker 1: get a couple of slogan fizzics. Make it a double. 411 00:23:57,480 --> 00:23:59,520 Speaker 1: I guarantee. There's a bar in this dumb building that 412 00:23:59,560 --> 00:24:04,280 Speaker 1: has lgent businessman. Sure, you know, with armed guards. Um, 413 00:24:04,359 --> 00:24:07,439 Speaker 1: can I keep? The armed guard comes with the drink. 414 00:24:08,440 --> 00:24:12,480 Speaker 1: So let's talk a little bit more about the copper Age. 415 00:24:12,480 --> 00:24:16,600 Speaker 1: I guess um he had, well, what we'll save his 416 00:24:16,680 --> 00:24:19,280 Speaker 1: injuries for a minute. Here, we'll talk a bit a 417 00:24:19,280 --> 00:24:22,760 Speaker 1: little about his lifestyle in the copper Age. Like you said, 418 00:24:23,359 --> 00:24:26,879 Speaker 1: he was, as demonstrated by his meals, he lived a 419 00:24:26,920 --> 00:24:31,199 Speaker 1: pretty like farming pleasant life down there, it seems like, 420 00:24:31,640 --> 00:24:37,040 Speaker 1: but not one without conflict, you know. Sure based on 421 00:24:37,080 --> 00:24:39,919 Speaker 1: his meals, well, based on his meals, he lived a 422 00:24:39,960 --> 00:24:43,000 Speaker 1: farming type lifestyle. But based on injuries we're going to 423 00:24:43,080 --> 00:24:45,720 Speaker 1: talk about it seems like that, you know, he he 424 00:24:45,880 --> 00:24:49,199 Speaker 1: had some enemies. So from from what I saw, and 425 00:24:49,359 --> 00:24:51,280 Speaker 1: I mean we used a lot of different articles, but 426 00:24:52,440 --> 00:24:55,960 Speaker 1: National Geographic is very well represented. And here live science 427 00:24:56,880 --> 00:24:59,960 Speaker 1: history dot Com the BBC. I came across something from 428 00:25:00,000 --> 00:25:04,560 Speaker 1: the Pen Pennsylvania, the Penn Museum or U Penn Museum. 429 00:25:04,600 --> 00:25:08,000 Speaker 1: I think they have a magazine called Expedition that was 430 00:25:08,080 --> 00:25:10,520 Speaker 1: pretty awesome. It had a pretty great thing, And I 431 00:25:10,520 --> 00:25:13,920 Speaker 1: saw a couple of things from um historians that wrote 432 00:25:14,000 --> 00:25:17,920 Speaker 1: up basically descriptions of let's see and thought co which 433 00:25:17,960 --> 00:25:21,159 Speaker 1: is this is a surprising great resource. Yeah have you 434 00:25:21,160 --> 00:25:26,560 Speaker 1: ever noticed Yes, yeah, so um in In one of these, 435 00:25:26,720 --> 00:25:29,000 Speaker 1: I saw that it was kind of put like he 436 00:25:29,480 --> 00:25:36,040 Speaker 1: he lived as a farmer and enjoyed like the fruits 437 00:25:36,040 --> 00:25:39,480 Speaker 1: of village life too, so things like cheese and processed 438 00:25:39,520 --> 00:25:42,720 Speaker 1: grains and cereals, so bread and stuff like that, and 439 00:25:42,760 --> 00:25:45,600 Speaker 1: the um the idea is that he didn't know how 440 00:25:45,600 --> 00:25:48,800 Speaker 1: to bake bread or make cheese. He he was part 441 00:25:48,800 --> 00:25:51,280 Speaker 1: of a villager or society where somebody knew how to 442 00:25:51,320 --> 00:25:54,520 Speaker 1: bake bread and somebody knew how to make changes, so 443 00:25:54,560 --> 00:25:57,639 Speaker 1: the professions were starting to emerge. But that he also 444 00:25:58,880 --> 00:26:02,000 Speaker 1: was pastoral and that like he he herded sheep and 445 00:26:02,000 --> 00:26:04,320 Speaker 1: that's probably what he did most of it most of 446 00:26:04,359 --> 00:26:07,760 Speaker 1: the time. And then he also lived very close to 447 00:26:07,800 --> 00:26:11,440 Speaker 1: the earth the land as well, like his last meal 448 00:26:11,920 --> 00:26:16,199 Speaker 1: was wild game ibex and deer and slow plums that 449 00:26:16,240 --> 00:26:19,240 Speaker 1: he probably plucked himself. So he was kind of like 450 00:26:19,280 --> 00:26:25,359 Speaker 1: this transitional human from from the hunter gatherer passed into 451 00:26:25,440 --> 00:26:30,040 Speaker 1: the agrarian, agriculture based future that spread out just ahead 452 00:26:30,080 --> 00:26:32,399 Speaker 1: of him. Yeah, Like just ahead of him were like 453 00:26:33,640 --> 00:26:39,120 Speaker 1: real deal Italians out there, bacon baguetts, well that's French, Yeah, 454 00:26:39,160 --> 00:26:42,520 Speaker 1: what I mean Italian bread? Yeah, yeah, in Italy they 455 00:26:42,560 --> 00:26:46,240 Speaker 1: just call it bread, that's right. Uh. They I mentioned 456 00:26:46,280 --> 00:26:49,119 Speaker 1: earlier that his clothes matched and they do think, and 457 00:26:49,119 --> 00:26:52,360 Speaker 1: of course again this is all speculation, but these garments 458 00:26:52,359 --> 00:26:55,720 Speaker 1: were pretty refined, even when you look at him now, 459 00:26:55,880 --> 00:26:59,560 Speaker 1: like he had these fur skin leggings that were held 460 00:26:59,600 --> 00:27:04,200 Speaker 1: up by spenders by Alexander McQueen. Oh man, I wouldn't 461 00:27:04,200 --> 00:27:07,640 Speaker 1: saw that. I know. That was amazing. So good. Um, 462 00:27:07,680 --> 00:27:12,280 Speaker 1: and a great documentary on him too, that's good and sad. Uh. 463 00:27:12,440 --> 00:27:15,520 Speaker 1: The they talk about the color of the animal skin, Zoe, 464 00:27:15,560 --> 00:27:20,879 Speaker 1: the contrasting colors, they think, we're actually matched, like elaborately, 465 00:27:21,080 --> 00:27:23,840 Speaker 1: and he had, like, like you said, a sense of style, 466 00:27:23,920 --> 00:27:29,040 Speaker 1: like you know, is that possible? Yeah, But I mean 467 00:27:29,040 --> 00:27:31,560 Speaker 1: it seems like a lot to extrapolate that his coat 468 00:27:31,600 --> 00:27:34,720 Speaker 1: and his belt matched, and so they were like, hey, 469 00:27:34,800 --> 00:27:37,560 Speaker 1: he had a real personal identity, whereas in it could 470 00:27:37,560 --> 00:27:39,400 Speaker 1: have been just like that's the materials that he had 471 00:27:39,400 --> 00:27:41,800 Speaker 1: on hand that fit. That's possible. But I think what 472 00:27:41,920 --> 00:27:46,760 Speaker 1: they're what they would assert is that um, it has 473 00:27:47,080 --> 00:27:51,560 Speaker 1: enough panache that the chances of it just being random 474 00:27:51,640 --> 00:27:56,000 Speaker 1: are very unlikely or less likely than it being you know, 475 00:27:56,080 --> 00:27:59,280 Speaker 1: asserting his sense of fashion and well and he was Italian, 476 00:27:59,560 --> 00:28:03,840 Speaker 1: that's right, So you know, Italians and their fashion go 477 00:28:03,920 --> 00:28:07,200 Speaker 1: hand in hand. Everyone who's been to Millino knows that. 478 00:28:07,560 --> 00:28:10,560 Speaker 1: Or Fenze. Remember when I was touring Europe as a youth, 479 00:28:11,280 --> 00:28:14,040 Speaker 1: my friend and I laughing at the Italian guys and 480 00:28:14,080 --> 00:28:17,159 Speaker 1: the hostels were like the nineteen year old dudes were 481 00:28:17,160 --> 00:28:19,560 Speaker 1: so put together and like would spend so much time 482 00:28:19,600 --> 00:28:22,280 Speaker 1: in the mirror wearing the cologne and getting their hair 483 00:28:22,400 --> 00:28:26,200 Speaker 1: just perfect, and we were just disgusting humans. And they 484 00:28:26,240 --> 00:28:29,240 Speaker 1: got the girls. So it turns out that they were 485 00:28:29,280 --> 00:28:32,040 Speaker 1: onto something a little bit of extraffer really does and 486 00:28:32,080 --> 00:28:34,080 Speaker 1: the big hair. Yeah, they were great guys. So we 487 00:28:34,200 --> 00:28:37,040 Speaker 1: met some cool Italian dudes. One of the other things too, though, 488 00:28:37,080 --> 00:28:41,160 Speaker 1: that the fact that he clearly was involved in a village. 489 00:28:41,200 --> 00:28:44,120 Speaker 1: They think that he was associated with a particular village 490 00:28:44,360 --> 00:28:50,280 Speaker 1: to the south, in a valley near you know, the mountains. Um. 491 00:28:50,360 --> 00:28:53,560 Speaker 1: It was things like bread and cheese that they think 492 00:28:53,560 --> 00:28:56,680 Speaker 1: they found in his body. Um, but also the fact 493 00:28:56,720 --> 00:29:00,160 Speaker 1: that he did not he obviously didn't know how to 494 00:29:00,280 --> 00:29:05,200 Speaker 1: make his own tools. Somebody else had. Um. He probably 495 00:29:05,240 --> 00:29:08,000 Speaker 1: did not know how to weave the cape he was wearing. 496 00:29:08,040 --> 00:29:10,200 Speaker 1: Somebody else had done that. Yeah, they're all they all 497 00:29:10,200 --> 00:29:13,600 Speaker 1: had their specialties that. Yeah, the tattoos, he couldn't have 498 00:29:13,760 --> 00:29:16,320 Speaker 1: put some of them on his own body. He probably 499 00:29:16,320 --> 00:29:19,640 Speaker 1: went to see a medical practition or to do that. So, Yeah, 500 00:29:19,680 --> 00:29:23,200 Speaker 1: this is at a point when specialists and and specialized 501 00:29:23,200 --> 00:29:26,560 Speaker 1: professions are starting to emerge. It's a really cool time. Yeah, 502 00:29:26,640 --> 00:29:29,320 Speaker 1: and this is these are the things that we've learned from, 503 00:29:29,440 --> 00:29:31,640 Speaker 1: you know, that we've gleaned from the stuff that we 504 00:29:31,760 --> 00:29:35,680 Speaker 1: found with him. I think it's just astoundingly fascinating. Yeah, 505 00:29:35,720 --> 00:29:38,320 Speaker 1: it's really cool. This is a really interesting period I 506 00:29:38,360 --> 00:29:41,120 Speaker 1: think of human development. It's also called, by the way, um, 507 00:29:41,160 --> 00:29:46,600 Speaker 1: the copper age or the chocolthic like copper age to 508 00:29:47,360 --> 00:29:51,920 Speaker 1: chalcolithic just kind of coughs out of the mouth in it. Yeah, 509 00:29:52,040 --> 00:29:54,480 Speaker 1: so let's talk a little bit about what might have 510 00:29:54,480 --> 00:29:57,719 Speaker 1: happened to see and how he found himself dead on 511 00:29:57,720 --> 00:30:01,040 Speaker 1: that mountain, because there quite a theories over the years, 512 00:30:01,320 --> 00:30:04,040 Speaker 1: and like you said, even this week they have some 513 00:30:04,120 --> 00:30:07,560 Speaker 1: more leads. But he was wounded. He had a really 514 00:30:07,640 --> 00:30:10,280 Speaker 1: bad wound on his right hand. They found out he 515 00:30:10,360 --> 00:30:12,320 Speaker 1: was right handed too, so this is a big deal 516 00:30:13,280 --> 00:30:15,640 Speaker 1: between his thumb and his forefinger there. That area went 517 00:30:15,680 --> 00:30:18,200 Speaker 1: all the way down to the bone. But it looked 518 00:30:18,240 --> 00:30:21,120 Speaker 1: like it had healed up a little bit. Um, So 519 00:30:21,200 --> 00:30:23,520 Speaker 1: it probably happened they said, within a few days of 520 00:30:23,560 --> 00:30:27,080 Speaker 1: when he died, but it was healing. But it was 521 00:30:27,120 --> 00:30:29,320 Speaker 1: a big injury, like we said, because he was right handed, 522 00:30:29,880 --> 00:30:31,880 Speaker 1: and um, but it's not the kind of thing that 523 00:30:31,880 --> 00:30:33,520 Speaker 1: that killed him, Like he didn't bleed out from that 524 00:30:33,640 --> 00:30:37,320 Speaker 1: or anything like that. No, So um, it makes you think, 525 00:30:37,320 --> 00:30:39,960 Speaker 1: well I did kill him then, right, Well, they think 526 00:30:39,960 --> 00:30:42,040 Speaker 1: that might have been from a fight. Perhaps that wound 527 00:30:42,400 --> 00:30:48,120 Speaker 1: that has been almost universally agreed upon from the outset 528 00:30:48,360 --> 00:30:51,600 Speaker 1: right that he probably didn't inflict that wound himself. That 529 00:30:51,720 --> 00:30:54,160 Speaker 1: it seems to have been a defensive wound. Right. There's 530 00:30:54,160 --> 00:30:56,560 Speaker 1: a guy named Alexander Horne, who is an inspector with 531 00:30:56,600 --> 00:30:58,800 Speaker 1: the Munich Police, and so we should give just a 532 00:30:58,800 --> 00:31:01,520 Speaker 1: little background for a second. When he was found, he 533 00:31:01,600 --> 00:31:05,600 Speaker 1: was taken into Germany down the mountain into Austria Innsbruck. 534 00:31:05,640 --> 00:31:09,239 Speaker 1: Austria and the Germans were heavily involved as well as 535 00:31:09,280 --> 00:31:12,880 Speaker 1: the Austrians and the Italians were less involved, and that's 536 00:31:12,920 --> 00:31:15,560 Speaker 1: where he kind of stayed for the first few years, 537 00:31:15,600 --> 00:31:19,480 Speaker 1: I think about a decade or less after he was discovered, 538 00:31:19,640 --> 00:31:23,760 Speaker 1: and then eventually it was transferred to Italy. The Italian side, yeah, 539 00:31:23,800 --> 00:31:26,760 Speaker 1: because they were like, he's a founder on our side. Yeah, 540 00:31:26,880 --> 00:31:29,440 Speaker 1: like just to barely I think. Also, I don't know 541 00:31:29,520 --> 00:31:31,720 Speaker 1: if this contributed to or if it came later, but 542 00:31:31,840 --> 00:31:35,160 Speaker 1: he does seem to have been linked to the Italian side, 543 00:31:35,160 --> 00:31:39,320 Speaker 1: where like you said, he was an Italian. So he 544 00:31:39,400 --> 00:31:41,760 Speaker 1: was transferred to Italy and when they when they took 545 00:31:41,800 --> 00:31:44,560 Speaker 1: custody of them man, they pulled out all the stops. 546 00:31:44,680 --> 00:31:48,200 Speaker 1: They put him up in Bolzano, Italy, near about I 547 00:31:48,200 --> 00:31:51,320 Speaker 1: think like thirty miles or something from where he was found. Uh. 548 00:31:51,320 --> 00:31:57,120 Speaker 1: They built a museum specifically for him, an institute built 549 00:31:57,160 --> 00:32:00,880 Speaker 1: around studying him, and they proceeded to study him more 550 00:32:00,920 --> 00:32:04,120 Speaker 1: than any other mummy has ever been studied, probably any 551 00:32:04,120 --> 00:32:06,920 Speaker 1: other body than has ever been studying in the history 552 00:32:06,960 --> 00:32:10,000 Speaker 1: of the world. Um and have just turned out paper 553 00:32:10,000 --> 00:32:13,080 Speaker 1: after paper after paper based on their findings from them. 554 00:32:13,160 --> 00:32:16,720 Speaker 1: Um so. But at first, some of the ideas that 555 00:32:16,760 --> 00:32:18,840 Speaker 1: we have about let's seeing what happened to him come 556 00:32:18,960 --> 00:32:23,680 Speaker 1: from the earliest interpretations posed by the Germans and the 557 00:32:23,720 --> 00:32:26,960 Speaker 1: Austrians when they had custody of its right, which weren't 558 00:32:26,960 --> 00:32:29,880 Speaker 1: necessarily right, as it turns out, no, but some may 559 00:32:29,920 --> 00:32:33,160 Speaker 1: have been. But my ultimate point was, everybody says from 560 00:32:33,200 --> 00:32:38,160 Speaker 1: the outset that the wound in his hand was a 561 00:32:38,240 --> 00:32:42,400 Speaker 1: defensive wound that came from close combat with somebody else. 562 00:32:42,800 --> 00:32:44,800 Speaker 1: That's right. For a while they thought there was an 563 00:32:44,840 --> 00:32:48,480 Speaker 1: Austrian archaeologist named Conrad Spindler that I mentioned earlier that 564 00:32:48,520 --> 00:32:51,480 Speaker 1: they sort of recreated the scene. And their contention early 565 00:32:51,520 --> 00:32:54,360 Speaker 1: on was like, man that acts is leaning up against 566 00:32:54,360 --> 00:32:57,400 Speaker 1: the rock, it's propped up there, like we think everything 567 00:32:57,520 --> 00:33:00,200 Speaker 1: is literally frozen in time from how it was is. 568 00:33:00,520 --> 00:33:02,880 Speaker 1: And I think that's one of the things that they've 569 00:33:02,960 --> 00:33:05,280 Speaker 1: later refuted, right, And they said that it looks like 570 00:33:05,320 --> 00:33:08,000 Speaker 1: things might have moved around something. Yeah, they think that 571 00:33:08,080 --> 00:33:10,440 Speaker 1: the um what would you call it, the site I 572 00:33:10,480 --> 00:33:15,240 Speaker 1: guess from the freeze thaw cycle just kind of distributed, 573 00:33:15,320 --> 00:33:19,320 Speaker 1: redistributed this stuff. Yeah, which you know, it's still all valid, 574 00:33:19,440 --> 00:33:22,120 Speaker 1: but it not necessarily it was not necessarily exactly as 575 00:33:22,120 --> 00:33:25,600 Speaker 1: it was at his moment of death. Um. They did 576 00:33:25,640 --> 00:33:28,520 Speaker 1: find his hat though, off of his head, as if 577 00:33:28,560 --> 00:33:30,200 Speaker 1: it just like kind of fell off of his head, 578 00:33:30,400 --> 00:33:33,520 Speaker 1: which might have been true. Right, So some of those 579 00:33:33,520 --> 00:33:36,880 Speaker 1: early stuff. They also found what they thought were fractured 580 00:33:37,000 --> 00:33:40,800 Speaker 1: ribs that had not healed. Right, So the earliest picture 581 00:33:40,960 --> 00:33:43,200 Speaker 1: was this like they treated it like this is a 582 00:33:43,640 --> 00:33:46,640 Speaker 1: dead body mystery. Where did this dead body come from? 583 00:33:46,680 --> 00:33:48,800 Speaker 1: How did he die? Yeah? But well quickly though, they 584 00:33:48,840 --> 00:33:52,360 Speaker 1: also found pollen in his gut that they thought came 585 00:33:52,400 --> 00:33:54,480 Speaker 1: from an autumn plant, So they were like, he died 586 00:33:54,520 --> 00:33:57,920 Speaker 1: in the fall, right. Okay, so that's the full setup 587 00:33:57,960 --> 00:34:02,520 Speaker 1: of the bad information. So the first idea, and I 588 00:34:02,560 --> 00:34:06,200 Speaker 1: think it was Spindler who came up with the disaster theory, 589 00:34:06,280 --> 00:34:10,319 Speaker 1: wasn't Conrad. Spindler said, Okay, here's what happened to Let's see, 590 00:34:10,920 --> 00:34:14,279 Speaker 1: he came down from the mountain, probably hurting some sheep 591 00:34:14,360 --> 00:34:19,160 Speaker 1: or goats, went down to his village, uh, and got 592 00:34:19,160 --> 00:34:22,359 Speaker 1: in an altercation with somebody cut his hand. You're looking 593 00:34:22,400 --> 00:34:26,520 Speaker 1: at my wife, right, that kind of thing. That's nice, um, 594 00:34:26,760 --> 00:34:30,640 Speaker 1: and he fled or oh and part part of the 595 00:34:30,640 --> 00:34:34,760 Speaker 1: altercation also resulted in some cracked ribs and either fled 596 00:34:34,880 --> 00:34:39,000 Speaker 1: or left escaped up the mountain again where he became 597 00:34:39,040 --> 00:34:43,239 Speaker 1: exhausted from his cracked ribs and his cut hand, and 598 00:34:43,480 --> 00:34:46,640 Speaker 1: uh he laid down or fell into this little shallow 599 00:34:46,719 --> 00:34:51,680 Speaker 1: crevasse and died of exposure to hypothermia. That was the 600 00:34:51,760 --> 00:34:54,719 Speaker 1: disaster theory. And that was that, you know, I mean 601 00:34:54,760 --> 00:34:56,759 Speaker 1: they had that for a few years, and somebody came 602 00:34:56,760 --> 00:35:00,120 Speaker 1: along and said, I don't think that's right. That's right, um, 603 00:35:00,160 --> 00:35:02,640 Speaker 1: because they found out some of the things, like the 604 00:35:02,719 --> 00:35:06,520 Speaker 1: site had melted some and then things were in different 605 00:35:06,520 --> 00:35:10,359 Speaker 1: positions they originally thought. Probably they examined the ribs again 606 00:35:10,480 --> 00:35:13,719 Speaker 1: and said they were actually not fractured before he died. Yeah, 607 00:35:13,719 --> 00:35:16,080 Speaker 1: that they were just a little bent. Yeah from like 608 00:35:16,200 --> 00:35:19,200 Speaker 1: after his death, probably from the push of ice, the 609 00:35:19,239 --> 00:35:22,160 Speaker 1: pressure from ice fusing on him again exactly. That'll that'll 610 00:35:22,200 --> 00:35:24,640 Speaker 1: crack your ribs in a second or bend your ribs. 611 00:35:24,920 --> 00:35:26,840 Speaker 1: The big one, though, was what they found in the 612 00:35:27,040 --> 00:35:30,520 Speaker 1: X ray in two thousand one, Right, you know what 613 00:35:30,560 --> 00:35:34,200 Speaker 1: they found? Should we take a break, all right, we'll 614 00:35:34,239 --> 00:35:56,000 Speaker 1: discover what they found right after this? What do they find, Chuck? 615 00:35:56,880 --> 00:36:02,240 Speaker 1: They found a freaking arrow head lodged in his shoulder, 616 00:36:02,719 --> 00:36:06,040 Speaker 1: back shoulder. That was a verbatim quote from the press conference. 617 00:36:07,960 --> 00:36:10,680 Speaker 1: This was a big deal. They missed it for ten years, 618 00:36:10,719 --> 00:36:13,759 Speaker 1: they missed the thing, and they found it. Uh yeah, 619 00:36:13,800 --> 00:36:16,200 Speaker 1: it was just a regular X ray And they said, 620 00:36:16,200 --> 00:36:19,120 Speaker 1: wait a minute, that looks denser than bone. What is that. 621 00:36:19,440 --> 00:36:21,840 Speaker 1: It's a triangle. It's a triangle. And it was a 622 00:36:21,920 --> 00:36:24,960 Speaker 1: thirteen millimeter gash along a major artery in his chest. 623 00:36:25,800 --> 00:36:27,919 Speaker 1: And they're like, he bled to death up there. Yeah, 624 00:36:27,960 --> 00:36:30,600 Speaker 1: they said, there's no way he would have survived. This 625 00:36:31,000 --> 00:36:34,480 Speaker 1: is unhealed. This this is finally what killed him. So 626 00:36:34,560 --> 00:36:37,319 Speaker 1: this disaster theory that he got in an altercation but 627 00:36:37,400 --> 00:36:42,040 Speaker 1: ultimately died of exposure hypothermia UM was replaced by the 628 00:36:42,120 --> 00:36:45,840 Speaker 1: murder theory, which is very similar, but there's some important 629 00:36:45,920 --> 00:36:49,520 Speaker 1: nuances in differences. One, so the cracked rib thing, just 630 00:36:49,560 --> 00:36:52,840 Speaker 1: throw that away. It was a red herring UM. But 631 00:36:52,960 --> 00:36:55,960 Speaker 1: the altercation is still the same. He comes down the mountain, 632 00:36:57,040 --> 00:37:00,239 Speaker 1: he gets in a fight of some sort, go back 633 00:37:00,320 --> 00:37:04,479 Speaker 1: up the mountain with his cut hand, and while he's 634 00:37:04,520 --> 00:37:07,440 Speaker 1: hanging out, maybe tending to his wound, maybe trying to 635 00:37:07,440 --> 00:37:12,279 Speaker 1: figure out what to do next. That's my arrow impression 636 00:37:12,640 --> 00:37:16,000 Speaker 1: message for you. So yeah, right in the back, in 637 00:37:16,040 --> 00:37:19,239 Speaker 1: the back. From a distance, they think due to the 638 00:37:19,280 --> 00:37:24,480 Speaker 1: penetration from the arrowhead from about thirty that is it 639 00:37:24,600 --> 00:37:26,360 Speaker 1: is a good shot. Because it was a kill shot 640 00:37:26,480 --> 00:37:30,600 Speaker 1: from thirty and fifty ft. That's a that's a ways, um. 641 00:37:30,960 --> 00:37:33,680 Speaker 1: I can't quite put it into an easy analogy, but 642 00:37:33,760 --> 00:37:37,000 Speaker 1: that's a long that's a long way. Um. And the 643 00:37:37,040 --> 00:37:38,560 Speaker 1: fact that it was in the back, he never saw 644 00:37:38,560 --> 00:37:41,160 Speaker 1: it coming and it would have killed him pretty quickly 645 00:37:41,239 --> 00:37:43,040 Speaker 1: was a punk move, is what it was. It was. 646 00:37:43,920 --> 00:37:49,480 Speaker 1: Here's the thing. Because his possessions were left intact um 647 00:37:49,560 --> 00:37:52,719 Speaker 1: and because he had that defensive wound, they think that 648 00:37:52,719 --> 00:37:55,200 Speaker 1: this was the result of his death, as murder was 649 00:37:55,239 --> 00:37:58,080 Speaker 1: the result of a personal conflict. There was no theft 650 00:37:58,160 --> 00:38:01,600 Speaker 1: involved or anything like that, because his copper acts alone 651 00:38:01,600 --> 00:38:04,320 Speaker 1: would have been pretty valuable at the time that somebody 652 00:38:04,320 --> 00:38:07,200 Speaker 1: would have taken it had they killed him for something 653 00:38:07,239 --> 00:38:10,800 Speaker 1: like robbery. Yeah, so this was a vendetta, yes, or 654 00:38:11,000 --> 00:38:14,120 Speaker 1: at least a personal fight that happened that day, yeah, 655 00:38:14,280 --> 00:38:16,040 Speaker 1: or maybe a long standing for you. There's no way 656 00:38:16,040 --> 00:38:18,440 Speaker 1: to tell here. Here we reached the point where the 657 00:38:18,480 --> 00:38:21,319 Speaker 1: historians and the archaeologists are like, we really can't say, 658 00:38:21,360 --> 00:38:25,680 Speaker 1: but here's some ideas for me. It's either the person 659 00:38:25,760 --> 00:38:31,799 Speaker 1: who he fought came back for revenge. I think, and 660 00:38:31,840 --> 00:38:34,040 Speaker 1: this is a total guest, but I was trained in history, 661 00:38:34,040 --> 00:38:37,759 Speaker 1: so I'm allowed to do this. He was trained in history, Yeah, 662 00:38:37,760 --> 00:38:40,480 Speaker 1: it was. I studied history in college. That's what they 663 00:38:40,520 --> 00:38:43,879 Speaker 1: call it. They're like, just how you do it? Train 664 00:38:44,120 --> 00:38:48,200 Speaker 1: history camp? Right? Um? He he was successful in that 665 00:38:48,239 --> 00:38:51,720 Speaker 1: hand to hand combat and killed the other person. Whether 666 00:38:51,760 --> 00:38:54,520 Speaker 1: it was offensive or defensive. I like to think it 667 00:38:54,560 --> 00:38:58,000 Speaker 1: was defensive. He didn't have a choice. Um. But the 668 00:38:58,040 --> 00:39:01,800 Speaker 1: person's family came back and killed him up on the mountain. Gotcha. 669 00:39:02,400 --> 00:39:04,880 Speaker 1: That's the current idea. Well, not that last part that 670 00:39:04,960 --> 00:39:07,319 Speaker 1: it was his family, but what I said leading up 671 00:39:07,360 --> 00:39:10,080 Speaker 1: to that, everything about that, um, everything else about that. 672 00:39:10,920 --> 00:39:15,640 Speaker 1: I'm really sorry, Chris Christopherson. Um, that's the current idea 673 00:39:15,880 --> 00:39:19,040 Speaker 1: of what happened. Let I think so you're not going 674 00:39:19,080 --> 00:39:23,480 Speaker 1: with my jealous lover theory. No, okay, no, I'm not 675 00:39:23,640 --> 00:39:26,919 Speaker 1: all right. I think it was a woman with that arrow. 676 00:39:27,280 --> 00:39:29,799 Speaker 1: You think the woman a woman shot him. Yeah, jealous lover. 677 00:39:29,920 --> 00:39:32,560 Speaker 1: I think he was stepping out and he was like 678 00:39:32,600 --> 00:39:34,440 Speaker 1: holding up his hands like baby, baby, it wouldn't me. 679 00:39:35,120 --> 00:39:39,800 Speaker 1: And she slices him with the her implement of choice 680 00:39:39,880 --> 00:39:42,600 Speaker 1: and then dices him with the arrow. And then he's like, 681 00:39:43,680 --> 00:39:46,839 Speaker 1: this is getting too serious. You're crazy, and so he 682 00:39:46,840 --> 00:39:49,120 Speaker 1: heads up the mountains and she's like, I'll show you crazy. 683 00:39:49,320 --> 00:39:52,960 Speaker 1: She turns into close, she goes and forges an arrow, 684 00:39:53,800 --> 00:39:56,160 Speaker 1: and then in that time it took her to forage 685 00:39:56,400 --> 00:40:02,600 Speaker 1: that arrow from hardened molten you know, l flint hirt shirt. 686 00:40:03,040 --> 00:40:04,840 Speaker 1: He's up that hill a little bit and she's like, 687 00:40:05,600 --> 00:40:09,319 Speaker 1: no problem, watch this right in the back. I like 688 00:40:09,440 --> 00:40:12,800 Speaker 1: that one too. Alright. I'm going with family, family, because 689 00:40:12,880 --> 00:40:16,200 Speaker 1: I mean, you know the rule, can't trust family, trust family. 690 00:40:17,440 --> 00:40:20,839 Speaker 1: So um, speaking of that churt, uh, he did not 691 00:40:20,960 --> 00:40:27,440 Speaker 1: have um, he didn't have blanks. Yeah, so this is 692 00:40:27,520 --> 00:40:30,320 Speaker 1: evidence that he didn't know how to create his own tools. 693 00:40:30,680 --> 00:40:33,440 Speaker 1: Somebody applicate these tools, which apparently were sort of on 694 00:40:33,480 --> 00:40:36,000 Speaker 1: their last legs. Yeah, that was another thing too, So 695 00:40:36,360 --> 00:40:39,640 Speaker 1: he did not have what he needed. Like imagine if 696 00:40:39,680 --> 00:40:44,320 Speaker 1: you had um, if you had like a a tool 697 00:40:44,840 --> 00:40:49,840 Speaker 1: an no, a knife, okay, and it's made of flint, 698 00:40:49,960 --> 00:40:51,640 Speaker 1: and you use it over and over and over again, 699 00:40:51,640 --> 00:40:55,040 Speaker 1: it's gonna get worn down and eventually it's gonna get 700 00:40:55,040 --> 00:40:57,080 Speaker 1: so worn down that you just can't use it anymore. 701 00:40:57,440 --> 00:40:59,840 Speaker 1: This is essentially the state of his arrowheads and his 702 00:41:00,080 --> 00:41:02,799 Speaker 1: knife and some of his others, his stone tools in particular, 703 00:41:03,400 --> 00:41:07,440 Speaker 1: that he was not in a position to defend himself 704 00:41:07,440 --> 00:41:10,000 Speaker 1: with his own tools because he'd used them up. And 705 00:41:10,040 --> 00:41:12,840 Speaker 1: I wonder if the if he's not making these in 706 00:41:12,920 --> 00:41:17,319 Speaker 1: the village, if they're like ertsies, you know he's have 707 00:41:17,400 --> 00:41:20,000 Speaker 1: you guys noticed he's on the way out, Like, we're 708 00:41:20,040 --> 00:41:22,520 Speaker 1: not gonna be making any more tools for Ertsie. Yeah, 709 00:41:22,560 --> 00:41:25,239 Speaker 1: I can think we don't have many. He'll just make 710 00:41:25,280 --> 00:41:26,799 Speaker 1: do with what he's got, it said, but he owes 711 00:41:26,880 --> 00:41:33,000 Speaker 1: me money, So should we talk about moss. This was 712 00:41:33,120 --> 00:41:35,560 Speaker 1: astounding to me that this happened in the last few days, 713 00:41:35,880 --> 00:41:38,160 Speaker 1: because did you pick this out before this happened or 714 00:41:38,200 --> 00:41:40,799 Speaker 1: was it serendifically? This is what I saw that made 715 00:41:40,840 --> 00:41:44,279 Speaker 1: me say it's time, Okay, I got you. So researchers 716 00:41:44,440 --> 00:41:49,440 Speaker 1: found uh these moth spores uh that were inside of him, 717 00:41:49,440 --> 00:41:53,200 Speaker 1: that he had ingested and just on him and around him. Um, 718 00:41:53,320 --> 00:41:57,840 Speaker 1: seventy percent of the seventy five species of these mosses 719 00:41:57,840 --> 00:42:02,640 Speaker 1: and liverwarts were not local. And they basically said, there's 720 00:42:02,680 --> 00:42:04,560 Speaker 1: no way these would have been on the side of 721 00:42:04,600 --> 00:42:06,719 Speaker 1: the mountain if not for him, right like a bird 722 00:42:06,760 --> 00:42:09,480 Speaker 1: couldn't have transported it this far or something like that, like, 723 00:42:09,719 --> 00:42:12,160 Speaker 1: let's he brought these up here. And so in doing 724 00:42:12,200 --> 00:42:16,400 Speaker 1: that and in tracing like these mosses and spores and everything, 725 00:42:16,880 --> 00:42:19,759 Speaker 1: they have a big clue. They've been able to retrace 726 00:42:19,840 --> 00:42:23,080 Speaker 1: his steps that last basically thirty three hours of his life, 727 00:42:23,120 --> 00:42:25,239 Speaker 1: the last day and a half, and it was not 728 00:42:25,360 --> 00:42:28,480 Speaker 1: a great day and a half for him. He had 729 00:42:28,520 --> 00:42:30,680 Speaker 1: his hand wound. By now by the time we're coming 730 00:42:30,680 --> 00:42:33,759 Speaker 1: in here, he's already got his hand wound. Uh. It's 731 00:42:33,800 --> 00:42:36,160 Speaker 1: got to be smarting. And it's a real problem for 732 00:42:36,239 --> 00:42:38,880 Speaker 1: him too, because even if he could make tools, he 733 00:42:38,920 --> 00:42:43,520 Speaker 1: would have been really troubled to do anything because he 734 00:42:43,560 --> 00:42:46,200 Speaker 1: was right handed, and that's where his wound almost down 735 00:42:46,239 --> 00:42:48,680 Speaker 1: to the bone was was in his right hand, so 736 00:42:48,760 --> 00:42:51,160 Speaker 1: that's a big problem for him right there. Yeah, So 737 00:42:51,239 --> 00:42:53,919 Speaker 1: what they found in is lower colon, which is would 738 00:42:53,920 --> 00:42:57,040 Speaker 1: have been the last I'm sorry, the oldest stuff that 739 00:42:57,080 --> 00:42:59,600 Speaker 1: he had eaten that has not yet been the turtle 740 00:42:59,600 --> 00:43:02,600 Speaker 1: head not yet, not turtle headed yet or I guess 741 00:43:02,640 --> 00:43:07,400 Speaker 1: currently turtle headed. Um, we're pine and spruce pollen, so 742 00:43:07,440 --> 00:43:09,120 Speaker 1: they said, And it's kind of neat. That's what I 743 00:43:09,160 --> 00:43:13,200 Speaker 1: love about this, like historical forensics, like, oh, well, we 744 00:43:13,239 --> 00:43:15,040 Speaker 1: know what was in his body, and we know where 745 00:43:15,080 --> 00:43:18,560 Speaker 1: that stuff is. It's not at certain altitudes. It was 746 00:43:18,640 --> 00:43:23,360 Speaker 1: a high altitude for us around feet and they know 747 00:43:23,440 --> 00:43:25,080 Speaker 1: because of where it was in his body. This is 748 00:43:25,080 --> 00:43:28,160 Speaker 1: thirty three hours before he died. But the middle tractor 749 00:43:28,239 --> 00:43:31,800 Speaker 1: was colon. That's where all the secrets are. In the colon, 750 00:43:32,239 --> 00:43:38,120 Speaker 1: you know, had pollen from hop hornbeam and that's stuff 751 00:43:38,160 --> 00:43:41,799 Speaker 1: from lower altitudes. It's from lower altitude. But also it 752 00:43:42,360 --> 00:43:46,480 Speaker 1: grows only in the spring and summer. It decays very quickly, 753 00:43:47,000 --> 00:43:49,439 Speaker 1: so it's not something that you would preserve and keep 754 00:43:49,480 --> 00:43:53,080 Speaker 1: for the fall or the winter. Throw out the autumn theory. 755 00:43:53,360 --> 00:43:57,120 Speaker 1: So they say he definitely died in the summer, right 756 00:43:57,280 --> 00:44:01,720 Speaker 1: and I guess that means that he probably descended maybe 757 00:44:01,719 --> 00:44:04,000 Speaker 1: all the way to the bottom of the valley within 758 00:44:04,280 --> 00:44:06,879 Speaker 1: twelve hours, maybe nine to twelve hours of his death, 759 00:44:07,320 --> 00:44:09,319 Speaker 1: and then all the way back up again right where 760 00:44:09,320 --> 00:44:11,440 Speaker 1: he was found dead. And they figured all this out. 761 00:44:11,480 --> 00:44:14,280 Speaker 1: They retraced all this just from those spores and mosses. 762 00:44:14,960 --> 00:44:18,760 Speaker 1: They think, maybe so he he's down in the valley 763 00:44:18,800 --> 00:44:21,800 Speaker 1: to begin with, or in the village, gets that hand wound, 764 00:44:21,920 --> 00:44:25,200 Speaker 1: flees up to the tree line. Um, and then they think, 765 00:44:25,239 --> 00:44:26,960 Speaker 1: because he's like the little lady always needs a few 766 00:44:27,040 --> 00:44:30,160 Speaker 1: days to cool off, right, Oh, you're gonna get some 767 00:44:30,200 --> 00:44:33,600 Speaker 1: email for that one. Um. I retract my right by 768 00:44:33,600 --> 00:44:36,279 Speaker 1: the way. Uh so, and then he goes back down, 769 00:44:36,560 --> 00:44:39,280 Speaker 1: they think to get some mosses because they have anni 770 00:44:39,600 --> 00:44:42,600 Speaker 1: bacterial properties. Yeah, you can also raped meat in it 771 00:44:43,000 --> 00:44:45,760 Speaker 1: apparently too, I guess keep it or whatever. But also 772 00:44:46,320 --> 00:44:48,319 Speaker 1: they may he may have wrapped his hand in it 773 00:44:48,400 --> 00:44:52,160 Speaker 1: or something as well, or maybe maybe then he goes 774 00:44:52,239 --> 00:44:55,479 Speaker 1: back up to the tree too, above the tree line 775 00:44:55,480 --> 00:44:59,080 Speaker 1: where he dies at about ten feet along the way. 776 00:44:59,120 --> 00:45:01,720 Speaker 1: He had that last meal of I box and deer 777 00:45:02,000 --> 00:45:05,240 Speaker 1: and bread and slow plums. Pretty good meal, not bad. 778 00:45:06,680 --> 00:45:09,480 Speaker 1: I wonder if he was panicked, if he knew like, 779 00:45:09,680 --> 00:45:12,840 Speaker 1: I'm in a bad way because of this cut on 780 00:45:12,920 --> 00:45:16,279 Speaker 1: my hand, and my tools and arrowheads are not in 781 00:45:16,320 --> 00:45:18,959 Speaker 1: good shape. I don't know, because it's interesting you only 782 00:45:19,000 --> 00:45:21,880 Speaker 1: know that stuff from seeing it at that point in history, 783 00:45:22,080 --> 00:45:25,160 Speaker 1: Like it would have been like, boy, I've seen that 784 00:45:25,239 --> 00:45:28,880 Speaker 1: kind of wounded before on too, and he did not 785 00:45:28,960 --> 00:45:31,920 Speaker 1: last long. But if you thought somebody was coming after you, 786 00:45:32,200 --> 00:45:35,000 Speaker 1: and you knew that your arrowhead was useless and your 787 00:45:35,080 --> 00:45:39,919 Speaker 1: knife was like dull and you're your stab in hand 788 00:45:40,040 --> 00:45:42,960 Speaker 1: was cut to the bone, you probably wouldn't have had 789 00:45:42,960 --> 00:45:45,200 Speaker 1: to have seen that before to be like, uh, probably 790 00:45:45,200 --> 00:45:47,080 Speaker 1: so well, he was in full retreat from what it 791 00:45:47,080 --> 00:45:48,920 Speaker 1: looks like, right, Yeah, and that's why he was going 792 00:45:48,960 --> 00:45:52,080 Speaker 1: up that mountain. That's that's that's what most people guess. Yeah, 793 00:45:52,320 --> 00:45:55,560 Speaker 1: so he was probably scared, yeah, which is sad, But 794 00:45:55,640 --> 00:45:57,760 Speaker 1: that's how we spent this last day and a half 795 00:45:57,840 --> 00:45:59,760 Speaker 1: kind of on the run up and down the mountain, 796 00:45:59,800 --> 00:46:01,759 Speaker 1: which is pretty impressive that he was able to make. 797 00:46:01,920 --> 00:46:03,920 Speaker 1: You know, he went up and down the mountain. Don't 798 00:46:03,960 --> 00:46:06,640 Speaker 1: forget he was wearing moccas and stuff with grass and 799 00:46:06,680 --> 00:46:11,560 Speaker 1: he was old for the time and he had gingervitis. Uh. 800 00:46:11,680 --> 00:46:13,840 Speaker 1: Kind of a neat thing is they have found, um, 801 00:46:14,600 --> 00:46:17,200 Speaker 1: they found some weird markers on his male sex chromosomes 802 00:46:17,200 --> 00:46:20,920 Speaker 1: and they've actually traced some genetic relatives at least nineteen 803 00:46:20,960 --> 00:46:25,080 Speaker 1: people living today, Yeah in Austria, not married but related 804 00:46:25,080 --> 00:46:28,359 Speaker 1: to Yeah. Pretty neat. Yeah, I think so too. So check. 805 00:46:28,400 --> 00:46:31,399 Speaker 1: There's another theory that says, hey, you know, your whole 806 00:46:31,480 --> 00:46:35,960 Speaker 1: murder theory it's bs. Maybe the murder part is correct, 807 00:46:36,560 --> 00:46:39,720 Speaker 1: but he was murdered ritually. This is an a vendetta 808 00:46:39,760 --> 00:46:43,879 Speaker 1: or anything like that. Let's see was buried, right, they 809 00:46:43,880 --> 00:46:47,440 Speaker 1: think that this was a ritual burial on top of 810 00:46:47,440 --> 00:46:51,440 Speaker 1: a mountain. Um, but he you know, it's not the 811 00:46:51,520 --> 00:46:53,360 Speaker 1: kind of Maybe they just want a group that removed 812 00:46:53,360 --> 00:46:55,759 Speaker 1: the organs and did that stuff, right. Yeah, So the 813 00:46:55,840 --> 00:47:00,560 Speaker 1: premise of the burial theory, called the social theory, is 814 00:47:00,600 --> 00:47:03,480 Speaker 1: that he's not a snapshot of everyday life. That they 815 00:47:03,480 --> 00:47:06,000 Speaker 1: didn't that he would have been so heavily laden with 816 00:47:06,040 --> 00:47:08,000 Speaker 1: all of this stuff because we didn't even say he 817 00:47:08,000 --> 00:47:12,520 Speaker 1: he had a bow and arrow, over knife, a hatchet. Um, 818 00:47:12,600 --> 00:47:15,440 Speaker 1: he was wearing moccasins with grass and they're kind of 819 00:47:15,480 --> 00:47:17,680 Speaker 1: like seriously, that's the best they could do at this 820 00:47:17,760 --> 00:47:20,560 Speaker 1: time for the hiking a mountain. That's the shoes you wore, Like, 821 00:47:20,600 --> 00:47:24,359 Speaker 1: those aren't mountain hiking shoes at any point in history. Um. 822 00:47:24,960 --> 00:47:31,239 Speaker 1: And the fact that um, the shaft of the arrow 823 00:47:31,320 --> 00:47:34,680 Speaker 1: was removed, I think they point to is an example 824 00:47:34,719 --> 00:47:38,880 Speaker 1: of the idea that he was um buried, that he 825 00:47:38,920 --> 00:47:42,560 Speaker 1: was killed ritually and buried in this So they think 826 00:47:42,560 --> 00:47:46,399 Speaker 1: the killing was a ritual killing too, because sacrificial killing. Yeah, oh, 827 00:47:46,440 --> 00:47:48,560 Speaker 1: I didn't get that part. And the other thing is 828 00:47:48,640 --> 00:47:52,560 Speaker 1: they're saying, like this stuff, these fancy Alexander McQueen leggings 829 00:47:52,600 --> 00:47:55,320 Speaker 1: that he wore that were basically the predecessor of later hosen, 830 00:47:56,640 --> 00:48:00,640 Speaker 1: there's some pretty nice stuff for a simple like sheep 831 00:48:00,680 --> 00:48:02,880 Speaker 1: herd her is it to be wearing? That's what this 832 00:48:02,960 --> 00:48:06,080 Speaker 1: is what the social theory people are saying. They're they're like, 833 00:48:06,280 --> 00:48:08,759 Speaker 1: we think this guy was actually kind of important and 834 00:48:08,760 --> 00:48:13,040 Speaker 1: that he was buried here um as a sign a symbol. 835 00:48:13,520 --> 00:48:15,640 Speaker 1: And what they found or what they point to, is 836 00:48:15,680 --> 00:48:19,560 Speaker 1: that there's stella like monoliths that were carved in the 837 00:48:19,680 --> 00:48:22,799 Speaker 1: late coper Age a thousand or two thousand years after 838 00:48:22,920 --> 00:48:25,400 Speaker 1: Utsie because he was born at the beginning of the 839 00:48:25,440 --> 00:48:30,000 Speaker 1: coper age that our depictions of somebody dressed a lot 840 00:48:30,040 --> 00:48:32,800 Speaker 1: like Utsie and they think that these are like heroes 841 00:48:32,800 --> 00:48:36,799 Speaker 1: and legends, ancestors, and they're saying, this guy's wearing what 842 00:48:36,840 --> 00:48:39,600 Speaker 1: these people were carving images of a thousand years later, 843 00:48:40,520 --> 00:48:42,799 Speaker 1: maybe he was kind of important, and maybe this has 844 00:48:42,840 --> 00:48:45,440 Speaker 1: also had some ornamentation too, didn't he Yeah, like a 845 00:48:45,480 --> 00:48:48,719 Speaker 1: marble bead, which you know could mean something or could not. 846 00:48:48,960 --> 00:48:51,279 Speaker 1: But the fact that he had so much stuff with 847 00:48:51,360 --> 00:48:54,400 Speaker 1: him does kind of support the idea that maybe it 848 00:48:54,440 --> 00:48:56,040 Speaker 1: was a burial and then to send him into the 849 00:48:56,080 --> 00:48:59,080 Speaker 1: afterlife with all the things he would need exactly. And 850 00:48:59,120 --> 00:49:02,960 Speaker 1: then the other one is no one's ever explained how 851 00:49:02,960 --> 00:49:07,279 Speaker 1: he was so well preserved. That apparently being frozen by 852 00:49:07,320 --> 00:49:11,160 Speaker 1: ice doesn't doesn't cut it. Yeah, that that other people 853 00:49:11,200 --> 00:49:14,920 Speaker 1: have been found who died far later and we're in 854 00:49:15,200 --> 00:49:18,400 Speaker 1: way worse states of decay than as he was, but 855 00:49:18,440 --> 00:49:21,719 Speaker 1: they found no like chemical preservation evidence or anything. No, 856 00:49:21,880 --> 00:49:25,160 Speaker 1: And admittedly at both sides, if if either one of 857 00:49:25,200 --> 00:49:28,120 Speaker 1: them are being honest, they will say we don't know 858 00:49:28,320 --> 00:49:32,520 Speaker 1: how he was this well preserved. Quite a mystery still 859 00:49:32,560 --> 00:49:34,920 Speaker 1: to this day. As much as we know about him, 860 00:49:35,000 --> 00:49:38,040 Speaker 1: he is still a mystery. He's our love and mystery man. 861 00:49:38,280 --> 00:49:41,120 Speaker 1: That's right. If you want to know more about let's see. 862 00:49:41,160 --> 00:49:43,840 Speaker 1: Go type O t Z I and your favorite search 863 00:49:43,920 --> 00:49:47,120 Speaker 1: bar and it will bring up some fascinating stuff. And 864 00:49:47,160 --> 00:49:52,000 Speaker 1: since I said that son for listener man, I'm gonna 865 00:49:52,000 --> 00:49:55,200 Speaker 1: call this the Accidental iron Man. Hey, guys, a big 866 00:49:55,239 --> 00:49:58,840 Speaker 1: fan for a long time. I accidentally did my first 867 00:49:58,880 --> 00:50:03,160 Speaker 1: iron Man in July. And you might think, how in 868 00:50:03,200 --> 00:50:06,319 Speaker 1: the world would that happen? I was thinking exactly. Then 869 00:50:06,360 --> 00:50:09,120 Speaker 1: here's how that happens. I've been doing triathlons since two 870 00:50:09,160 --> 00:50:11,279 Speaker 1: thousand fifteen always planned on doing an iron Man at 871 00:50:11,320 --> 00:50:13,759 Speaker 1: one point or at some point, my plan was to 872 00:50:13,760 --> 00:50:16,920 Speaker 1: do a half iron manen do the full thing. In 873 00:50:16,920 --> 00:50:20,360 Speaker 1: twenty nineteen, I wanted to do the Iron Man like Placids, 874 00:50:20,360 --> 00:50:22,880 Speaker 1: since it's reasonably close and as a lake swim as 875 00:50:22,880 --> 00:50:27,160 Speaker 1: opposed to a river or in ocean swim. Um. That's 876 00:50:27,160 --> 00:50:28,760 Speaker 1: a hard race to get into, though, because it sells 877 00:50:28,760 --> 00:50:31,320 Speaker 1: out so fast. I got an email tell me registration 878 00:50:31,360 --> 00:50:33,759 Speaker 1: was open, and in my excitement I misread it and 879 00:50:33,760 --> 00:50:36,040 Speaker 1: thought it was for the half, so I signed up 880 00:50:36,040 --> 00:50:38,920 Speaker 1: and realized after the fact that it was the entire 881 00:50:39,560 --> 00:50:42,680 Speaker 1: hundred and forty point six race and not the seventy 882 00:50:42,760 --> 00:50:46,520 Speaker 1: point three Triathlons don't do refunds, so I paid my 883 00:50:46,560 --> 00:50:48,919 Speaker 1: eight hundred dollar plus entry fee and couldn't get it back. 884 00:50:49,320 --> 00:50:52,040 Speaker 1: I could have deferred for a year, but it's decided 885 00:50:52,080 --> 00:50:54,319 Speaker 1: just to go for it. And I finished the race 886 00:50:54,320 --> 00:50:57,520 Speaker 1: in fifteen hours, two minutes and forty three seconds. And 887 00:50:57,600 --> 00:51:01,279 Speaker 1: that is from John Patanyac and an email John back, 888 00:51:01,320 --> 00:51:03,319 Speaker 1: and it's like, you want to give me a couple 889 00:51:03,360 --> 00:51:06,640 Speaker 1: of little tidbits here for listener mail, and he said sure, 890 00:51:06,760 --> 00:51:08,200 Speaker 1: and he wrote back and he said, one thing I 891 00:51:08,200 --> 00:51:10,880 Speaker 1: can say is it really takes over your personal life. 892 00:51:11,280 --> 00:51:13,399 Speaker 1: At my peak, I was training twenty hours a week. 893 00:51:13,800 --> 00:51:16,600 Speaker 1: And he said that is literally just pool, bike or running. 894 00:51:16,640 --> 00:51:19,640 Speaker 1: He said, doesn't count travel to and from the gym, 895 00:51:19,719 --> 00:51:22,759 Speaker 1: cooking meals, prepping equipment. He said, it's literally like a 896 00:51:22,800 --> 00:51:25,200 Speaker 1: part time job. And he said the race was a 897 00:51:25,200 --> 00:51:27,759 Speaker 1: lot of fun. He said, the Lake Placid course goes 898 00:51:27,800 --> 00:51:31,759 Speaker 1: through the old Olympic structures from the nineteen Olympics, and uh, 899 00:51:31,920 --> 00:51:34,360 Speaker 1: you finish at the finish line and the speed skating 900 00:51:34,400 --> 00:51:37,839 Speaker 1: oval that's Nate. Yeah, it's pretty cool a sineficture. It's 901 00:51:37,880 --> 00:51:41,480 Speaker 1: like urban exploration iron right, uh, And he said. One 902 00:51:41,520 --> 00:51:43,120 Speaker 1: of the cool things they do if you're first timer, 903 00:51:43,160 --> 00:51:46,600 Speaker 1: as you wear an orange wristband, so all the volunteers 904 00:51:46,600 --> 00:51:49,399 Speaker 1: and crowd will give you extra support and it says 905 00:51:49,480 --> 00:51:52,080 Speaker 1: I will become one on it. And he said, it 906 00:51:52,080 --> 00:51:54,640 Speaker 1: really works. And he said, and finally at the end, 907 00:51:55,000 --> 00:51:57,040 Speaker 1: the race is so meaningful to so many people. Everyone 908 00:51:57,120 --> 00:51:59,960 Speaker 1: has their own story, but almost nothing is better at 909 00:52:00,040 --> 00:52:04,239 Speaker 1: for a year of training then hearing you are iron Man. 910 00:52:04,239 --> 00:52:06,960 Speaker 1: When he crossed the finish line, it's awesome. They have 911 00:52:07,160 --> 00:52:11,799 Speaker 1: Auzzie singing it. I would, I would? Who else? I 912 00:52:11,800 --> 00:52:14,520 Speaker 1: don't know. I guess Deo could. Again. That is John 913 00:52:14,560 --> 00:52:18,520 Speaker 1: Patoniac Dio is dead, oh is he? Yeah? Ronnie James 914 00:52:18,520 --> 00:52:21,759 Speaker 1: Dio has passed on since when within the last couple 915 00:52:21,760 --> 00:52:24,959 Speaker 1: of years. Yeah. One of the coolest tattoos have ever seen. 916 00:52:25,600 --> 00:52:31,400 Speaker 1: Somebody got like on their arm, their forearms. I've seen that, 917 00:52:31,680 --> 00:52:34,320 Speaker 1: so that when they make like the devil horns or whatever, 918 00:52:34,840 --> 00:52:39,360 Speaker 1: it's Ronnie Dio making the devil horns and the person's 919 00:52:39,400 --> 00:52:44,600 Speaker 1: fingers his arm becomes Yeah, it's really neat it. I 920 00:52:44,640 --> 00:52:46,720 Speaker 1: saw that and I thought, man, that's the coolest tattoo 921 00:52:46,840 --> 00:52:49,280 Speaker 1: ever seen. I think it might be. It's pretty Hats 922 00:52:49,280 --> 00:52:52,320 Speaker 1: off to Chris Christofferson's manager, who actually is the person 923 00:52:52,360 --> 00:52:55,520 Speaker 1: with that? That's right? Uh. If you want to get 924 00:52:55,560 --> 00:52:58,640 Speaker 1: in touch with us, like who is that John Patoniac? 925 00:52:58,719 --> 00:53:00,360 Speaker 1: Thanks John? If you want to get touch of this, 926 00:53:00,440 --> 00:53:03,600 Speaker 1: like John, congratulations too. You can go onto Stuff you 927 00:53:03,640 --> 00:53:06,319 Speaker 1: Should Know and check out our social links. You can 928 00:53:06,360 --> 00:53:08,800 Speaker 1: also send us an email to stuff podcast at iHeart 929 00:53:08,880 --> 00:53:14,160 Speaker 1: radio dot com. Stuff you Should Know is a production 930 00:53:14,200 --> 00:53:16,920 Speaker 1: of iHeart Radio's How Stuff Works. For more podcasts for 931 00:53:16,960 --> 00:53:19,759 Speaker 1: my heart Radio, visit the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, 932 00:53:19,840 --> 00:53:24,680 Speaker 1: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows. H