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Speaker 1: The Michael Berry Show.

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Speaker 2: We had a lot of very positive feedback on last

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Speaker 2: week's podcast about that.

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Speaker 1: Pete Hegseth did.

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Speaker 2: They have a different guest each week, and he was

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Speaker 2: the guest doing the podcast last week. And it's from

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Speaker 2: Hillsdale College, and we think they do fantastic work, and

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Speaker 2: we sometimes amplify the work that they're doing. They have

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Speaker 2: a series they're doing called The Story of America. And

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Speaker 2: since so many people enjoyed last week, we're sharing another

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Speaker 2: episode with you. You know, when you think about the Revolutionary War,

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Speaker 2: you think about the battles, and you think about the effort.

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Speaker 2: You know, these were citizen soldiers. These were citizens in

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Speaker 2: their own homes, as you know the story of Paul

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Speaker 2: Revere in his midnight ride, or you know Washington crossing

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Speaker 2: the Delaware. These were not professional warriors. These were farmers

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Speaker 2: who just wanted to protect their land. They're people their

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Speaker 2: freedom and one of the interesting aspects that Hillsdale has

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Speaker 2: profiled is espionage. And I think this is going to

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Speaker 2: be for some of you your favorite of anything we do.

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Speaker 2: For a little while. Brian kill me to Fox News

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Speaker 2: who loves Loves Loves History. In fact, when I first

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Speaker 2: met buck Sexton. His wife was working for Brian Kilmead

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Speaker 2: on his production department where they go out to different

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Speaker 2: places and they film things, a lot of historical things,

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Speaker 2: and she said, he's just an absolute nerd for history,

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Speaker 2: and I love that, and you can see that in

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Speaker 2: the work he's generating. Anyway, support Hillsdale College, share their

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Speaker 2: content if you can financially support them. We think they

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Speaker 2: do great work. This is the story of the culper spiring.

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Speaker 1: In order to film a motive here.

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Speaker 3: Texas coach divine work, played each other alive, our fortune,

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Speaker 3: and I think with honor.

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Speaker 4: When we think of the American Revolution, we often think

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Speaker 4: of the famous battlefields of Valley Forge and Saratoga, of

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Speaker 4: muskets and minute men, of the Boston Tea Party, and

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Speaker 4: Paul Revere's Midnight Ride. But there was another war, albeit

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Speaker 4: one kept under wraps and waged in the shadows, But

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Speaker 4: a war there was no less dangerous than the.

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Speaker 1: Kind fought on horseback as cannonballs whistled overhead.

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Speaker 4: By November seventeen seventy six, mere months after the signing

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Speaker 4: of the Declaration of Independence, the Continental Army had endured

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Speaker 4: heavy losses and a punishing string of setbacks in New

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Speaker 4: York and New Jersey. In Long Island, roughly thirteen hundred

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Speaker 4: Americans were killed, wounded, or captured At Fort Washington. General

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Speaker 4: Washington was forced to surrender roughly three thousand men. In

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Speaker 4: the five major battles between August and November of seventeen

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Speaker 4: seventy six, the Continental Army was reduced to fewer than

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Speaker 4: five thousand men inside a candle with ten along the

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Speaker 4: New York Harbor.

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Speaker 1: Following the catastrophic defeat at the Battle of.

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Speaker 4: Long Island, General Washington confronted a grim reality. Surrounded, outnumbered

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Speaker 4: and out maneuvered, he asked his officers for the unthinkable.

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Speaker 1: Do we have any other options? Silence follows.

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Speaker 4: They all knew the truth. Only a miracle could save them.

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Speaker 4: In the months that followed, the mightiest military power in

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Speaker 4: the world drove the beleaguered American forces from the New

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Speaker 4: York region, pushing them through New Jersey and nearly to

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Speaker 4: the brink of collapse. Supplies were scarce, spirits were low,

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Speaker 4: and time was running out. In the winter of seventeen

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Speaker 4: seventy six, Washington's crossing at Trenton and Princeton were astonishing victories,

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Speaker 4: but these achievements alone.

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Speaker 1: Could not reverse the tide of the war.

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Speaker 4: The British Army had captured New York, a critical stronghold

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Speaker 4: for trade and transportation, and turned Manhattan into a fortress.

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Speaker 4: New York, without exaggeration, is the pivot on which the

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Speaker 4: entire revolution War turned, said John Adams himself. And without

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Speaker 4: the city, and without intelligence from inside its gates, Washington

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Speaker 4: knew the American cause.

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Speaker 1: Would not survive.

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Speaker 4: He needed eyes, he needed ears, he needed spies. From

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Speaker 4: this necessity was born one of the most audacious and

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Speaker 4: consequence acts of espionage in our nation's history, The cul Perspiring,

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Speaker 4: headquartered in British occupied New York City. This six person

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Speaker 4: intelligence network changed the course of the Revolutionary War and

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Speaker 4: the fate of our new nation. Washington turned to a

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Speaker 4: young officer named Benjamin Talmadge code named John Bolton. Talmide

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Speaker 4: replaced General Charles Scott, whose approached espionage had been blunt.

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Speaker 1: And rather unimaginative.

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Speaker 4: Scott would dispatch loan scouts on one way missions across

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Speaker 4: enemy lines, hoping they returned with scraps of intelligence. Was

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Speaker 4: a gamble, and one that too often failed. The execution

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Speaker 4: of Lieutenant Nathan Hale who was caught, tried, and sentenced

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Speaker 4: to death within the span of twelve hours was a

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Speaker 4: grim case in point, Talmadge suggested a new approach to Washington.

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Speaker 4: Instead of risking the lives of uniformed officers by sending

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Speaker 4: them behind enemy lines, why not gather intelligence through unsuspecting

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Speaker 4: allies who will already lived in British occupied territory, creating

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Speaker 4: a network of spies living among the British. Washington agreed

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Speaker 4: with the Talman strategy and appointed him Chief of Intelligence.

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Speaker 4: Talmadge was only twenty four, but he knew both the

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Speaker 4: people and the landscape on Long Island well, which would

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Speaker 4: prove to be invaluable Major Talmadge immediately began creating a

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Speaker 4: tight knit ring of embedded operatives working silently beneath the

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Speaker 4: surface in the British occupied Long Island, but became known

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Speaker 4: as the Culper Spy Ring. Was the most successful spy

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Speaker 4: network on either side of the war. Talmadge's recruits were

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Speaker 4: not particularly well trained. Indeed, these informants consisted primarily of

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Speaker 4: old friends he had made while growing up into talkot

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Speaker 4: Long Island.

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Speaker 1: They were farmers, merchants, and laborers.

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Speaker 4: Their intelligence network operated successfully in and around New York

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Speaker 4: City for five years, no spy's true identity was revealed,

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Speaker 4: not to General Washington, not even.

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Speaker 1: Amongst one another. There was Abraham Woodhull, a young.

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Speaker 4: New York farmer who ferried messages under the name Samuel

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Speaker 4: Culper Senior. His counterpart, Samuel Culper Junior, was Robert Townsend,

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Speaker 4: who wrote for a loyalist newspaper while secretly reporting to Washington.

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Speaker 4: Austin Rowe, a tavern keeper, carried messages hidden in saddlebags.

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Speaker 4: Caleb Brewster, a defiant seaman, rode across the Long Island

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Speaker 4: Sound to deliver intelligence to the Commander in chief himself.

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Speaker 1: Among the company of double.

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Speaker 4: Agents, there was also a woman, her identity still unknown,

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Speaker 4: code named Agent three fifty five. A lady shrouded in mystery,

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Speaker 4: she seduced secrets from the lips of British soldiers. According

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Speaker 4: to speculations, it was Agent three fifty five who relayed

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Speaker 4: the critical information that ultimately exposed the treasonous actions of

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Speaker 4: Benedict Arnold.

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Speaker 1: Lastly, there was James Rivington.

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Speaker 4: When the early sparks of the Revolution ignited into open

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Speaker 4: war in seventeen seventy five, Vington found himself squarely in

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Speaker 4: the crosshairs. His New York print shop, once a hub

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Speaker 4: of loyalist literature, was ransacked, torched by the Sons of Liberty.

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Speaker 4: Fearing for his safety, Rivington fled to England, but exile

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Speaker 4: didn't last. By seventeen seventy seven, he was back in

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Speaker 4: New York, quietly reopening his business, this time just steps

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Speaker 4: from the dry goods store of a discreet patriot named

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Speaker 4: Robert Townsend.

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Speaker 1: Something had changed after Rivington's return.

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Speaker 4: Whether it was a genuine conversion, a practical play for profit,

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Speaker 4: or frustration with the Crown censorship, especially its muzzling of

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Speaker 4: Rivington's attempt to criticize General.

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Speaker 1: Howe, remains uncertain.

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Speaker 4: What is clear, however, is that sometime in late seventeen

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Speaker 4: seventy eight, the once loyal English born printer began to

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Speaker 4: operate under the noses of British officers, feeding sensitive communications

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Speaker 4: to the Culper's spir ring Now to the world. Rivington

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Speaker 4: was a first rate Loyalists, owner of one of New

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Speaker 4: York's most prominent coffeehouses, editor of the Royal Gazette, and

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Speaker 4: personal printer to the King's most excellent Majesty, the Gazette

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Speaker 4: famously published biting satire against the American cause.

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Speaker 1: His coffeehouse, nestled in the heart of British occupied New York,

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Speaker 1: became a veritable nest of loose slip British officers.

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Speaker 4: Rivington's outward loyalty to the British made him the perfect spy.

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Speaker 4: No one suspected the outspoken Tory to slip coded messages

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Speaker 4: inside book bindings and passed them along to Robert Townsend.

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Speaker 4: To protect the ring of spies, he commanded Major Talmadge

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Speaker 4: crafted a system, the System of Extraordinary Precision, and, given

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Speaker 4: that names were too traceable, assigned each of the spies

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Speaker 4: a code number in their encrypted communications. In total, seven

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Speaker 4: hundred and sixty three numerical identities were created each site

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Speaker 4: for protecting a patriot. Rivington was seven to twenty six

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Speaker 4: in the COPRA Codebook. Only once secrecy was no longer

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Speaker 4: needed did it become public knowledge that this apparent trader

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Speaker 4: to America had.

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Speaker 1: In fact been one of its fiercest defenders.

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Speaker 4: Information flowed from New York City Northwood to General Washington's

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Speaker 4: camp in New Windsor, threading its way through miles of

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Speaker 4: British controlled territory. The operation began with Austin Rowe, who

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Speaker 4: would make the long ride from Long Island into Manhattan

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Speaker 4: under the guise of routine business.

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Speaker 1: There in the quiet of.

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Speaker 4: Townshend shop Roe, who plays an innocuous order one encoded

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Speaker 4: with Washington's pre arranged phrases, which Townshend received.

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Speaker 1: Via courier from headquarters.

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Speaker 4: The request, signed by Talmadge under his alias John Bolton,

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Speaker 4: triggered the next phase. Roe concealed the dispatches by folding

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Speaker 4: them among the merchandise annas strong. A local would hang

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Speaker 4: a black petticoat on a clothesline visible for the Long

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Speaker 4: Island Sound to alert TYLEB. Brewster the contents of Army's boatmen.

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Speaker 4: The series of handkerchiefs indicated the precise cove where Brewster

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Speaker 4: could land under cover of night. Brewster would then ferry

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Speaker 4: the intelligence across the sound and into the hands of Talmage.

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Speaker 4: The process spanned two weeks from beginning d end. Through

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Speaker 4: painstaking observation, the culper spies uncovered a devastating British scheme

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Speaker 4: of economic sabotage.

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Speaker 1: Thousands of Ford's continental dollars.

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Speaker 4: Were being printed in New York and smuggled across enemy lines.

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Speaker 4: The British were deliberately devaluing American currency, aiming to wreck

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Speaker 4: the fragile economy of the nasent Republic. Washington responded swiftly,

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Speaker 4: shutting down the counterfeit circulation routes and launching efforts to

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Speaker 4: stabilize the currency.

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Speaker 1: It was an invisible victory.

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Speaker 4: But without it, the revolution may well have buckled under

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Speaker 4: the weight of economic ruin. But that was only the

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Speaker 4: start of the Culper Spy's successful espionage. In seventeen seventy eight,

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Speaker 4: the culp Perspiring obtained the British naval codebook and delivered

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Speaker 4: it to French Admiral Diastan. With the vital intelligence, the

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Speaker 4: French were able to anticipate British naval movements in American waters,

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Speaker 4: enabling Diaistan's fleet to evade traps, strike more effectively, and

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Speaker 4: secure critical victories at sea, culminating in naval dominance that

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Speaker 4: helped corner British forces at Yorktown. General Clinton and Admiral

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Speaker 4: Graves were assembling a force of nine warships and nearly

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Speaker 4: ten thousand troops with plans to strike row Champou's.

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Speaker 1: Soldiers in a surprise assault.

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Speaker 4: Acting swiftly, Major Talmage relaid the intelligence through trusted channels

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Speaker 4: to deliver the intelligence directly.

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Speaker 1: To the French officers in Newport.

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Speaker 4: Simultaneously, Hamilton rushed word to Lafayette and Washington, and they

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Speaker 4: devised a successful scheme to divert the British forces back

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Speaker 4: towards New York. What could have been a crushing British

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Speaker 4: flow was thwarted through daring espionage. Most famous, the spies

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Speaker 4: uncovered the treachery of Benedict Donald, exposing his plan to

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Speaker 4: surrender West Point to the British. Had Arnold's mission succeeded,

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Speaker 4: West Point would have fallen into British hands, the Hudson

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Speaker 4: River would have been severed, the colonies divided, and the

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Speaker 4: revolution itself smothered in its cradle.

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Speaker 1: It's no exaggeration to say.

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Speaker 4: That the course of the American Revolution, indeed the very

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Speaker 4: existence of the United States, turned on messages no one

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Speaker 4: could see, sent by men whose name's history almost forgot.

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Speaker 4: The British intelligence officer Major George Beckworth.

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Speaker 1: Put it this way.

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Speaker 4: Washington did not really outfight to British, He simply outspied us.

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Speaker 1: It may be more accurate to.

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Speaker 4: Say Washington outfought the British because he outspied them. The

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Speaker 4: heroes of the Culper Spirring operated under cover, without recognition,

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Speaker 4: without reward, and at immense personal risk. When the war ended,

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Speaker 4: they saw no fanfare for their covert acts of courage. Indeed,

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Speaker 4: several of their identities were not confirmed for nearly two centuries.

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Speaker 4: It is tempting to read history as the dramatic tale

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Speaker 4: of generals and statesmens presiding over events of grand significance.

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Speaker 4: As the forces of destiny itself seemed to bend according

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Speaker 4: to their will. Victory in the American Revolution was achieved

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Speaker 4: not only on the battlefield, but in back rooms and

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Speaker 4: back alleys, from code letters and clever disguises.

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Speaker 1: The heroes of the Culper Ring did not seek glory.

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Speaker 1: They sought freedom.

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Speaker 4: Their courage reminds us that the fate of a nation

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Speaker 4: can hinge on the quiet work of brave men and

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Speaker 4: brave women who may forever remain unseen, unheralded, and unnamed.

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Speaker 4: Today we remember and honor their quiet courage and their

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Speaker 4: willingness to risk their lives for this new nation. Their

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Speaker 4: stories and names will not be forgotten.

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Speaker 2: If you like the Michael Berry Show, and Podcast. Please

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Speaker 2: tell one friend and if you're so inclined, write a

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Speaker 2: nice review of our podcast. Comments, suggestions, questions, and interest

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Speaker 2: in being a corporate sponsor and partner can be communicated

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Speaker 2: directly to the show at our email address, Michael at

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Speaker 2: Michael Berryshow dot com, or simply by clicking on our

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Speaker 2: website Michael Berryshow dot com. The Michael Berry Show and

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Speaker 2: Podcast is produced by Ramon Roeblis, the King of Ding.

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Speaker 2: Executive producer is Chad Knakanishi. Jim Mudd is the creative director.

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Speaker 2: Voices Jingles, Tomfoolery and Shenanigans are provided by Chance McLain.

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Speaker 2: Director of Research is Sandy Peterson. Emily Bull is our

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Speaker 2: assistant listener and super fan. Contributions are appreciated and often

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Speaker 2: incorporated into our production. Where possible, we give credit, where not,

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Speaker 2: we take all the credit for ourselves. God bless the

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Speaker 2: memory of Rush Limbaugh. Long live Elvis, be a simple

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Speaker 2: man like Leonard Skinnard told you, and God bless America. Finally,

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Speaker 2: if you know a veteran suffering from PTSD, call Camp

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Speaker 2: Hope at eight seven seven seven one seven PTSD and

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Speaker 2: a combat veteran will answer the phone to provide free counseling,