1 00:00:00,840 --> 00:00:04,720 Speaker 1: Greece went through a lot sort of very painful period. 2 00:00:04,800 --> 00:00:07,320 Speaker 1: We will never ever relive these difficult times. 3 00:00:07,560 --> 00:00:11,840 Speaker 2: Kiriakos Mitsatakis, the Greek Prime minister who many have credited 4 00:00:11,880 --> 00:00:15,200 Speaker 2: for the transformation of the country and its economy from 5 00:00:15,200 --> 00:00:17,239 Speaker 2: the past care case of Europe to one of the 6 00:00:17,280 --> 00:00:20,960 Speaker 2: continent's top economic performers. In this episode of Leaders with 7 00:00:21,040 --> 00:00:24,880 Speaker 2: Lakwa and his first interview since being re elected, Mitsatakis 8 00:00:24,920 --> 00:00:27,520 Speaker 2: sets out a series of plans and objectives for the 9 00:00:27,560 --> 00:00:30,000 Speaker 2: next four years. He tells me how he wants to 10 00:00:30,040 --> 00:00:34,640 Speaker 2: restore Greece's investment, great status, lower inequality, and continue the 11 00:00:34,680 --> 00:00:35,960 Speaker 2: fight against populism. 12 00:00:36,200 --> 00:00:40,680 Speaker 1: We prevailed through politics of competence. Reason we move the 13 00:00:40,760 --> 00:00:43,320 Speaker 1: party towards the political center. So yes, there is future 14 00:00:43,360 --> 00:00:46,720 Speaker 1: beyond populism, and we've proven that if you run a 15 00:00:46,760 --> 00:00:50,240 Speaker 1: competent government, you can actually make it possible to get 16 00:00:50,240 --> 00:00:50,839 Speaker 1: re elected. 17 00:00:51,040 --> 00:00:54,200 Speaker 2: He also speaks candidly about his push to legalize same 18 00:00:54,240 --> 00:00:57,480 Speaker 2: sex marriage and balance booming towardism with the need to 19 00:00:57,480 --> 00:00:59,400 Speaker 2: protect his country's natural beauty. 20 00:00:59,640 --> 00:01:03,440 Speaker 1: There are parts of Greece which are have reached situation point, 21 00:01:03,840 --> 00:01:06,280 Speaker 1: and if we have to place restrictions, we will. 22 00:01:06,319 --> 00:01:10,360 Speaker 2: My conversation with Kuriakos mits attack is next on leaders 23 00:01:10,360 --> 00:01:18,160 Speaker 2: with Laqwa Premiers. You have a second mandate from the 24 00:01:18,200 --> 00:01:21,240 Speaker 2: Greek people. What is your intention on how that will 25 00:01:21,319 --> 00:01:22,480 Speaker 2: unfold in the coming years. 26 00:01:22,600 --> 00:01:25,560 Speaker 1: Well, first of all, I'm very very happy, very honored, 27 00:01:25,600 --> 00:01:29,000 Speaker 1: and very proud to be able to secure a second mandate. 28 00:01:29,040 --> 00:01:31,520 Speaker 1: We actually got a higher share of the vote than 29 00:01:31,520 --> 00:01:34,440 Speaker 1: we did in twenty nineteen, something which is unusual for 30 00:01:34,520 --> 00:01:39,160 Speaker 1: incumbent governments these difficult times. And I want to make 31 00:01:39,200 --> 00:01:42,040 Speaker 1: sure that I use this strong mandate to drive forward 32 00:01:42,040 --> 00:01:46,200 Speaker 1: an aggressive reform agenda and to make sure that Greece 33 00:01:47,280 --> 00:01:49,400 Speaker 1: makes up for the lost ground of the crisis and 34 00:01:49,480 --> 00:01:52,160 Speaker 1: actually converges with Europe at a very fast pace. 35 00:01:52,240 --> 00:01:54,240 Speaker 3: So a high growth rate is for me my number 36 00:01:54,320 --> 00:01:55,240 Speaker 3: one priority. 37 00:01:55,360 --> 00:01:58,280 Speaker 1: This will give us also the fiscal space to drive 38 00:01:58,360 --> 00:02:02,240 Speaker 1: through an important change in health, in education, and in 39 00:02:02,280 --> 00:02:04,600 Speaker 1: other policies areas I deeply care about. 40 00:02:04,680 --> 00:02:06,800 Speaker 2: You're very confident that you'll get investment grade. When you 41 00:02:06,800 --> 00:02:09,680 Speaker 2: get investment grade, what does that mean? What does that 42 00:02:09,800 --> 00:02:12,400 Speaker 2: change in terms of possible extra investment coming into the country. 43 00:02:12,440 --> 00:02:14,160 Speaker 3: I think it changes lots of things. 44 00:02:15,680 --> 00:02:18,280 Speaker 1: There's currently a lot of capital that cannot invest in 45 00:02:18,320 --> 00:02:20,400 Speaker 1: Greece simply because we're not investment grade. 46 00:02:20,800 --> 00:02:21,639 Speaker 3: As you know, we. 47 00:02:21,639 --> 00:02:24,639 Speaker 1: Are already trading as if we are an investment in 48 00:02:24,720 --> 00:02:28,239 Speaker 1: grade country, but we also need the official stamp of 49 00:02:28,280 --> 00:02:32,880 Speaker 1: approval by the rating agencies. I think it will further 50 00:02:32,960 --> 00:02:35,519 Speaker 1: lower our cost of borrowing, which of course is important 51 00:02:36,160 --> 00:02:38,840 Speaker 1: in a high interest environment. We've been able to defy 52 00:02:38,880 --> 00:02:41,519 Speaker 1: the trend. The Greek economy is going to grow significantly 53 00:02:42,440 --> 00:02:44,720 Speaker 1: in twenty twenty three, and this is also giving us 54 00:02:44,720 --> 00:02:48,520 Speaker 1: a fiscal space to further reduce our debt. We will 55 00:02:48,560 --> 00:02:51,960 Speaker 1: be able before the end of the year to actually 56 00:02:52,240 --> 00:02:55,639 Speaker 1: repay ahead of time our GLFA facility for the next 57 00:02:55,639 --> 00:02:58,040 Speaker 1: two years, and I think this will also send a 58 00:02:58,120 --> 00:03:00,600 Speaker 1: part of the signal to the market that not only 59 00:03:00,680 --> 00:03:02,800 Speaker 1: are we focused on growth, but we also want to 60 00:03:02,800 --> 00:03:05,640 Speaker 1: make sure that our debt to GDP ratio continues to 61 00:03:05,680 --> 00:03:06,960 Speaker 1: decline at a very rapid pace. 62 00:03:07,280 --> 00:03:08,040 Speaker 2: It's a promise too. 63 00:03:08,240 --> 00:03:09,520 Speaker 3: We will repay, yeah, we. 64 00:03:09,440 --> 00:03:13,519 Speaker 1: Will, and it's a commitment to investors. We will accelerate 65 00:03:13,560 --> 00:03:17,680 Speaker 1: the reforms, and we will make sure that whatever reforms 66 00:03:17,720 --> 00:03:20,000 Speaker 1: we implement will be done in such a way not 67 00:03:20,040 --> 00:03:23,560 Speaker 1: to compromise our countries a fiscal position. Greece went through 68 00:03:23,880 --> 00:03:27,239 Speaker 1: a lot, through a very painful period. We will never 69 00:03:27,320 --> 00:03:30,600 Speaker 1: ever relive these difficult times. But I think we've proven 70 00:03:30,760 --> 00:03:33,400 Speaker 1: that you can drive high growth, you can reasonably reduce 71 00:03:33,440 --> 00:03:37,920 Speaker 1: taxes while at the same time mentoring very healthy public finances. 72 00:03:38,360 --> 00:03:41,720 Speaker 1: And I do expect our debt to GDP to continue 73 00:03:41,760 --> 00:03:44,960 Speaker 1: to decline significantly. And of course, again this will also 74 00:03:45,000 --> 00:03:47,280 Speaker 1: give us the fiscal space to make sure that we 75 00:03:47,400 --> 00:03:51,000 Speaker 1: ensure markets that we're serious and actually we pay part 76 00:03:51,000 --> 00:03:51,640 Speaker 1: of our data. 77 00:03:51,440 --> 00:03:51,840 Speaker 3: Ahead of time. 78 00:03:51,880 --> 00:03:53,600 Speaker 2: In partmister, how difficult is it to do all of 79 00:03:53,600 --> 00:03:55,000 Speaker 2: this with the cost of living crisis? 80 00:03:55,360 --> 00:03:57,320 Speaker 1: I mean, the cost of living crisis is very concerning 81 00:03:57,360 --> 00:04:02,520 Speaker 1: to us, and of course it has hit the poorer 82 00:04:02,560 --> 00:04:05,680 Speaker 1: segments of the society disproportionately hard. 83 00:04:06,880 --> 00:04:07,320 Speaker 3: Two points. 84 00:04:07,320 --> 00:04:09,360 Speaker 1: First of all, we have lower inflation that more than 85 00:04:09,480 --> 00:04:12,600 Speaker 1: most European countries, and I think we were successful in 86 00:04:12,760 --> 00:04:17,800 Speaker 1: using targeted measures to help those in greater need. We 87 00:04:17,920 --> 00:04:21,520 Speaker 1: resisted the temptation to lower VAT and excise taxes, and 88 00:04:21,600 --> 00:04:25,080 Speaker 1: now I'm happy to see that lots of the studies 89 00:04:25,080 --> 00:04:27,479 Speaker 1: that are coming out now point out exactly the fact 90 00:04:27,520 --> 00:04:31,200 Speaker 1: that lowering VAT does not need to have reduction in inflation. 91 00:04:31,400 --> 00:04:34,360 Speaker 1: This gave us a fiscal space to use targeted measures. 92 00:04:34,960 --> 00:04:37,920 Speaker 1: We will most probably continue these targeted measures, especially when 93 00:04:37,920 --> 00:04:40,440 Speaker 1: it comes to the supermarket. We're concerned about food prices, 94 00:04:40,960 --> 00:04:44,360 Speaker 1: and I prefer a direct cash transfer to more vulnerable 95 00:04:44,400 --> 00:04:47,800 Speaker 1: Greeks to help them with a supermarket builder than a 96 00:04:47,839 --> 00:04:51,839 Speaker 1: horizontal cut in VAT, which will you drain my public 97 00:04:51,880 --> 00:04:54,640 Speaker 1: finances and probably will not be effective in terms of 98 00:04:54,680 --> 00:04:55,920 Speaker 1: containing inflation. 99 00:04:56,279 --> 00:04:58,760 Speaker 2: When you expect inflation and I don't know how much 100 00:04:58,800 --> 00:05:00,440 Speaker 2: this has to do also with the crane, but when 101 00:05:00,480 --> 00:05:02,839 Speaker 2: do you expect food inflation to come down? 102 00:05:03,240 --> 00:05:04,120 Speaker 3: It's been persistent. 103 00:05:05,200 --> 00:05:08,080 Speaker 1: I wish I had a crystal ball, but what I 104 00:05:08,080 --> 00:05:11,760 Speaker 1: do know is that it is coming down faster than 105 00:05:11,800 --> 00:05:16,279 Speaker 1: other European countries, although it is still an area of concern. 106 00:05:16,480 --> 00:05:18,359 Speaker 1: And of course, you know, interest rate policies are not 107 00:05:18,400 --> 00:05:21,880 Speaker 1: driven by us, so we have to adjust. But it's 108 00:05:21,960 --> 00:05:26,080 Speaker 1: good news that you know, for example, increased consumer confidence. 109 00:05:26,160 --> 00:05:28,039 Speaker 1: You know, the PMI has been growing, whereas in the 110 00:05:28,040 --> 00:05:30,279 Speaker 1: rest of Europe it's been on a downward trend. So 111 00:05:30,279 --> 00:05:32,839 Speaker 1: we seem to be defined the trend. Not only will 112 00:05:32,839 --> 00:05:35,840 Speaker 1: we avoid a recession, but we will grow by more 113 00:05:35,880 --> 00:05:40,040 Speaker 1: than two percent this year, which given the circumstances, I'd 114 00:05:40,040 --> 00:05:40,760 Speaker 1: say it's pretty good. 115 00:05:41,320 --> 00:05:43,800 Speaker 2: A Prime minister, if you look at actually your opposition, 116 00:05:43,839 --> 00:05:46,000 Speaker 2: you almost haven in parliament, but you do have the 117 00:05:46,080 --> 00:05:49,280 Speaker 2: rise of three far right parties. What can you tell 118 00:05:49,360 --> 00:05:51,040 Speaker 2: us about them? Are they pro Russia? 119 00:05:51,120 --> 00:05:53,719 Speaker 1: Well, first of all, we have a comfortable majority in 120 00:05:53,760 --> 00:05:58,240 Speaker 1: parliament and we've essentially met We have a twenty three 121 00:05:58,560 --> 00:06:01,280 Speaker 1: percent gap from your position. I mean, the Left series 122 00:06:02,360 --> 00:06:05,640 Speaker 1: suffered a strategic defeat in these elections, and I'm happy 123 00:06:05,640 --> 00:06:11,120 Speaker 1: because essentially we prevailed through politics of competence, reason we 124 00:06:11,200 --> 00:06:13,320 Speaker 1: move the party towards the political center. So, yes, there 125 00:06:13,440 --> 00:06:16,200 Speaker 1: is future beyond populism. And we've proven that if you 126 00:06:16,680 --> 00:06:20,719 Speaker 1: run a competent government, you can actually make it possible 127 00:06:20,720 --> 00:06:22,719 Speaker 1: to get re elected. So I think this is a 128 00:06:22,720 --> 00:06:25,840 Speaker 1: good message for everyone fighting an election against populists, whether 129 00:06:25,839 --> 00:06:27,840 Speaker 1: they come from the left or from the right. Now, 130 00:06:27,880 --> 00:06:29,600 Speaker 1: as far as the extreme right is concerned, yes, we 131 00:06:29,640 --> 00:06:31,200 Speaker 1: have three small parties in parliament. 132 00:06:31,279 --> 00:06:32,520 Speaker 3: We have a three percent threshold. 133 00:06:32,839 --> 00:06:36,080 Speaker 1: They managed to be right above that. In total, it's 134 00:06:36,120 --> 00:06:38,400 Speaker 1: probably twelve or third percent, thirteen percent of the electors 135 00:06:38,480 --> 00:06:40,480 Speaker 1: for two of these parties. We have no idea what 136 00:06:40,520 --> 00:06:45,120 Speaker 1: they stand for. It will make parliament probably louder and 137 00:06:45,240 --> 00:06:48,640 Speaker 1: more I don't know if it's going to be more interesting, 138 00:06:48,960 --> 00:06:53,520 Speaker 1: but no, the extreme right is not organized in the 139 00:06:53,560 --> 00:06:56,960 Speaker 1: way it is in other countries, and we certainly don't 140 00:06:57,040 --> 00:06:59,239 Speaker 1: need the extreme right to govern. We managed to governor 141 00:06:59,279 --> 00:07:02,360 Speaker 1: our own was always a strategic choice by me moving 142 00:07:02,400 --> 00:07:04,880 Speaker 1: the party to the center while making sure that we 143 00:07:04,920 --> 00:07:09,440 Speaker 1: attract enough people to have an absolute majority, so we 144 00:07:09,240 --> 00:07:11,920 Speaker 1: were able to do that. So these are French parties, Yes, 145 00:07:12,000 --> 00:07:15,200 Speaker 1: some of them are are sort of pro Russian, not 146 00:07:15,200 --> 00:07:19,160 Speaker 1: not not very explicitly, but indirectly. But they're not a 147 00:07:19,200 --> 00:07:20,960 Speaker 1: big factor in Greek politics. 148 00:07:20,800 --> 00:07:22,480 Speaker 2: So you don't think it's it's a warning of something 149 00:07:22,520 --> 00:07:24,480 Speaker 2: to come either for other European countries. 150 00:07:24,680 --> 00:07:27,640 Speaker 1: I've always been you know, I always take the grievances 151 00:07:27,640 --> 00:07:31,440 Speaker 1: of people who vote for protest parties seriously, and it 152 00:07:31,560 --> 00:07:34,280 Speaker 1: is true that, you know, some people do feel marginalized, 153 00:07:34,320 --> 00:07:37,200 Speaker 1: they feel threatened, they feel that you know, the maybe 154 00:07:37,240 --> 00:07:40,280 Speaker 1: the world is moving at a faster pace and they're 155 00:07:40,320 --> 00:07:43,960 Speaker 1: being left behind. But in Greece, because we went through, 156 00:07:44,800 --> 00:07:46,840 Speaker 1: you know, a crisis, I think there's been a process 157 00:07:46,840 --> 00:07:52,240 Speaker 1: of Greek society really maturing and maybe actually in terms 158 00:07:52,280 --> 00:07:54,560 Speaker 1: of the political development, leapfrog in what is happening in 159 00:07:54,600 --> 00:07:58,160 Speaker 1: many other European countries. So we want, you know, a 160 00:07:58,200 --> 00:08:03,600 Speaker 1: second mandate which is even stronger politically than the first one. 161 00:08:03,640 --> 00:08:08,800 Speaker 1: I think this says something about Greek society, and in 162 00:08:08,840 --> 00:08:13,440 Speaker 1: that sense it also gives the necessary political predictability to investors, 163 00:08:13,440 --> 00:08:16,440 Speaker 1: because I always said that you need two terms to 164 00:08:17,480 --> 00:08:20,760 Speaker 1: really do a big transformation project. So I think investors 165 00:08:20,800 --> 00:08:22,600 Speaker 1: are also looking at Greece and they look at, you know, 166 00:08:22,640 --> 00:08:26,720 Speaker 1: four years without you know until the next national election, 167 00:08:26,880 --> 00:08:29,520 Speaker 1: you know, a stable government, safe pair of hands. So 168 00:08:30,040 --> 00:08:32,360 Speaker 1: I'm sure that they like what they see in terms 169 00:08:32,360 --> 00:08:33,440 Speaker 1: of the politics of the country. 170 00:08:35,679 --> 00:08:39,280 Speaker 2: Up next, Tourism accounts for about a fifth of Greece's economy, 171 00:08:39,720 --> 00:08:42,880 Speaker 2: but as visitors flought to the country and it's beautiful islands, 172 00:08:43,080 --> 00:08:45,600 Speaker 2: the Prime Minister is at pains to ensure he doesn't 173 00:08:45,640 --> 00:08:47,800 Speaker 2: trade nature for short term profit. 174 00:08:48,040 --> 00:08:50,040 Speaker 1: I want to make sure that you know, in five 175 00:08:50,120 --> 00:08:51,440 Speaker 1: years from now, we will. 176 00:08:51,200 --> 00:08:53,800 Speaker 3: Not have sacrificed, you know, the beauty of our. 177 00:08:55,520 --> 00:08:58,160 Speaker 1: Sort of natural environment and the interest of a very 178 00:08:58,240 --> 00:08:58,880 Speaker 1: rapid growth. 179 00:09:05,760 --> 00:09:09,040 Speaker 2: The relationship between the United States and China is complex. 180 00:09:09,480 --> 00:09:12,240 Speaker 2: It's been strained by recent comments from Washington that it 181 00:09:12,280 --> 00:09:15,640 Speaker 2: wants to de risk itself from the world's second largest economy. 182 00:09:16,240 --> 00:09:19,320 Speaker 2: But how should a European nation like Greece handle Beijing. 183 00:09:19,760 --> 00:09:27,400 Speaker 2: I continued the conversation with the Prime Minister Mitsutakis, Premier, Sure, 184 00:09:27,440 --> 00:09:29,000 Speaker 2: what kind of relationship do you want with China? 185 00:09:31,160 --> 00:09:33,560 Speaker 1: At frame our relationship with China, you know, within the 186 00:09:33,600 --> 00:09:38,440 Speaker 1: context of the European Union as a whole, we can 187 00:09:38,480 --> 00:09:41,360 Speaker 1: work with China and various sisters, but they're also a competitor. 188 00:09:41,360 --> 00:09:45,040 Speaker 1: There also a rival on many other issues. But I've 189 00:09:45,080 --> 00:09:48,640 Speaker 1: been advocating for, you know, for a comprehensive European approach 190 00:09:49,080 --> 00:09:52,480 Speaker 1: vis a vi China. So we don't want to decouple, 191 00:09:52,840 --> 00:09:55,000 Speaker 1: and we frankly we cannot the couple, but we want 192 00:09:55,000 --> 00:09:55,520 Speaker 1: to do risk. 193 00:09:56,040 --> 00:09:57,320 Speaker 3: This means a more. 194 00:09:57,000 --> 00:10:00,640 Speaker 1: More measured and more intelligent approach visa vi China, which 195 00:10:00,679 --> 00:10:09,280 Speaker 1: is also relevant for US and China is an important 196 00:10:09,679 --> 00:10:12,319 Speaker 1: market for our agricultural products. For example, it could be 197 00:10:12,360 --> 00:10:17,199 Speaker 1: an important market in terms of bringing in Chinese tourists. 198 00:10:17,679 --> 00:10:20,959 Speaker 1: It's much less important as a source of capital. For example, 199 00:10:20,960 --> 00:10:23,000 Speaker 1: when you look at the big infrastructure projects and how 200 00:10:23,000 --> 00:10:26,320 Speaker 1: we funded them over the past years. No capital practically 201 00:10:26,360 --> 00:10:31,840 Speaker 1: came from China, but we will certainly align our policy 202 00:10:32,400 --> 00:10:34,199 Speaker 1: with the overall European approach. 203 00:10:33,920 --> 00:10:34,920 Speaker 3: When it comes to China. 204 00:10:35,040 --> 00:10:36,920 Speaker 2: And when you say it's impossible to decouple, is that 205 00:10:36,960 --> 00:10:41,440 Speaker 2: because the codependency is too big on certain ships and manufacturers. 206 00:10:41,559 --> 00:10:44,480 Speaker 1: I do think that, you know, in a globalized economy, 207 00:10:44,520 --> 00:10:46,319 Speaker 1: and I'm not so much talking about, you know, the 208 00:10:46,360 --> 00:10:49,440 Speaker 1: Greek economy, I'm talking about the global economy. The globalized 209 00:10:49,480 --> 00:10:54,080 Speaker 1: economy is a reality. We want more independence over supply chains, 210 00:10:54,080 --> 00:10:55,560 Speaker 1: but there's a limit to how much we can. 211 00:10:55,440 --> 00:10:55,960 Speaker 3: Actually do that. 212 00:10:56,640 --> 00:10:59,080 Speaker 2: What do you worry most about your economy and Greece 213 00:10:59,120 --> 00:11:00,760 Speaker 2: and when you look at towards and it's booming, but 214 00:11:00,800 --> 00:11:03,600 Speaker 2: it also means some of the islands are overcrowded. Is 215 00:11:03,600 --> 00:11:04,400 Speaker 2: there something that you do? 216 00:11:05,480 --> 00:11:07,960 Speaker 1: Thank you for asking this question, because I want to 217 00:11:07,960 --> 00:11:10,280 Speaker 1: make sure that you know, in five years from now, 218 00:11:10,360 --> 00:11:13,000 Speaker 1: we will not have sacrificed, you know, the beauty of 219 00:11:13,040 --> 00:11:17,480 Speaker 1: our sort of natural environment and the interest of a 220 00:11:17,559 --> 00:11:20,280 Speaker 1: very rapid growth. So that's why I'm really focusing on 221 00:11:20,280 --> 00:11:23,760 Speaker 1: sustainable growth. That's why I will always push for quality 222 00:11:23,760 --> 00:11:27,120 Speaker 1: over quantity very strict in terms of standards. We are 223 00:11:27,160 --> 00:11:32,560 Speaker 1: actually looking at our local and regional sort of planning 224 00:11:32,640 --> 00:11:34,840 Speaker 1: legislation across the country to make sure that we know 225 00:11:34,880 --> 00:11:36,960 Speaker 1: exactly what we can build and where we can build it. 226 00:11:37,520 --> 00:11:40,920 Speaker 1: There are parts of Greeks which are have reached situation 227 00:11:41,040 --> 00:11:43,800 Speaker 1: point and if we have to place restrictions we will 228 00:11:44,080 --> 00:11:47,679 Speaker 1: in order to protect especially islands which are which are 229 00:11:47,679 --> 00:11:48,320 Speaker 1: more sensitive. 230 00:11:48,360 --> 00:11:50,080 Speaker 2: So does that look like a tax if you go 231 00:11:50,120 --> 00:11:52,480 Speaker 2: on an island or does that look actually as looks. 232 00:11:52,240 --> 00:11:54,959 Speaker 1: On the restrictions In terms of building, there's only that 233 00:11:55,040 --> 00:11:57,319 Speaker 1: much we can build on certain islands. I don't want 234 00:11:57,320 --> 00:12:00,000 Speaker 1: to single them out. We're not there. We're not very 235 00:12:00,040 --> 00:12:04,080 Speaker 1: terms of thinking of taxes, that's not something that is 236 00:12:04,120 --> 00:12:06,839 Speaker 1: currently in the cards. But I'm more concerned with, you know, 237 00:12:06,880 --> 00:12:08,640 Speaker 1: how many people we can actually get on an island 238 00:12:08,640 --> 00:12:10,400 Speaker 1: and make sure that the island is still functioning. But 239 00:12:10,440 --> 00:12:14,480 Speaker 1: also for tourists, I'm to have you know, a positive experience, 240 00:12:14,600 --> 00:12:17,120 Speaker 1: because at the end of the day, when something is overcrowded, 241 00:12:17,280 --> 00:12:18,600 Speaker 1: people don't necessarily appreciate. 242 00:12:18,640 --> 00:12:20,240 Speaker 3: So it's not rocket science. 243 00:12:20,240 --> 00:12:22,400 Speaker 1: For example, we're beginning to do it and planning it 244 00:12:22,640 --> 00:12:24,320 Speaker 1: to make sure that you know when you have cruise ships, 245 00:12:24,320 --> 00:12:25,760 Speaker 1: they don't all need to come at the same time, 246 00:12:26,200 --> 00:12:29,200 Speaker 1: so you can manage the births in a smarter way 247 00:12:29,200 --> 00:12:31,600 Speaker 1: to make sure that you can get more cruise ships, 248 00:12:31,600 --> 00:12:35,480 Speaker 1: but also that you know the island doesn't overflow with 249 00:12:35,679 --> 00:12:36,920 Speaker 1: visitors certain hours a day. 250 00:12:37,480 --> 00:12:40,080 Speaker 2: Premnister, how much you know time are you going to 251 00:12:40,080 --> 00:12:42,120 Speaker 2: spend tackling tax evasion? 252 00:12:42,800 --> 00:12:45,199 Speaker 3: A lot, because this is an important issue for us. 253 00:12:45,640 --> 00:12:47,400 Speaker 1: It's not just a question of equity, but it's also 254 00:12:47,440 --> 00:12:50,959 Speaker 1: a question of making sure that we have additional revenues 255 00:12:51,240 --> 00:12:54,000 Speaker 1: for our schools or our healthcare system. We've made good 256 00:12:54,040 --> 00:12:57,600 Speaker 1: progress in terms of reducing the VAT gap. We are 257 00:12:57,960 --> 00:13:03,880 Speaker 1: we being very diligent in terms of making electronic transactions 258 00:13:03,880 --> 00:13:06,360 Speaker 1: more attractive. COVID also helped us in that direction, and 259 00:13:06,400 --> 00:13:11,480 Speaker 1: we saw the tangible results and as we sort of 260 00:13:11,520 --> 00:13:14,240 Speaker 1: digitize the entire sort of supply chain, make it also 261 00:13:14,280 --> 00:13:17,120 Speaker 1: easier for our tax authorities to be more targeted and 262 00:13:17,200 --> 00:13:19,280 Speaker 1: smarter in terms of going after tax evasion. 263 00:13:19,520 --> 00:13:20,800 Speaker 3: So for me, this is a big. 264 00:13:21,000 --> 00:13:24,120 Speaker 2: Refrustrated that it was just as fast as you thought. 265 00:13:24,000 --> 00:13:26,520 Speaker 1: It would to a certain extent. Yes, although again in 266 00:13:26,640 --> 00:13:29,760 Speaker 1: terms of the VAT gap we've made. We've made good progress. 267 00:13:29,880 --> 00:13:35,640 Speaker 1: I mean, we had a legacy of tax evasion, but 268 00:13:36,840 --> 00:13:39,480 Speaker 1: it's also this is also something which is very much 269 00:13:39,480 --> 00:13:43,960 Speaker 1: related to collective trust. People feel that they get, you know, 270 00:13:44,040 --> 00:13:48,160 Speaker 1: quality public services, there will be more inclined to pay 271 00:13:48,200 --> 00:13:50,520 Speaker 1: their taxes. But we've also proven that if you actually 272 00:13:50,559 --> 00:13:55,680 Speaker 1: lower taxes in an economy that has sort of a 273 00:13:55,760 --> 00:13:58,120 Speaker 1: tradition of tax evasion, that it can actually bring in 274 00:13:58,160 --> 00:14:01,480 Speaker 1: more revenues. Not to always for all countries. In our 275 00:14:01,520 --> 00:14:07,360 Speaker 1: cases was actually very much true. So our strategy of 276 00:14:07,960 --> 00:14:11,880 Speaker 1: gradually lowering taxes has actually worked with and has actually 277 00:14:11,880 --> 00:14:12,840 Speaker 1: brought in more revenues. 278 00:14:15,120 --> 00:14:17,600 Speaker 2: Up next, Prime Minister a Mitza Takis and why pushing 279 00:14:17,600 --> 00:14:20,640 Speaker 2: for LGBTQ rights is one of his priorities. 280 00:14:20,760 --> 00:14:24,040 Speaker 3: In almost actual people couldn't even give blood. Before we 281 00:14:24,080 --> 00:14:25,880 Speaker 3: came into power, we still. 282 00:14:25,640 --> 00:14:30,200 Speaker 1: Had horrible conversion therapies which were technically legal for you know, 283 00:14:30,360 --> 00:14:31,720 Speaker 1: gay teenagers. 284 00:14:31,720 --> 00:14:35,400 Speaker 3: I mean really we banned all that and. 285 00:14:35,360 --> 00:14:37,760 Speaker 1: We will continue to implement our strategies. 286 00:14:45,880 --> 00:14:47,920 Speaker 2: Greece is one of the main routes into the European 287 00:14:48,040 --> 00:14:50,840 Speaker 2: Union for refugees and migrants from the Middle East, Asian 288 00:14:50,840 --> 00:14:54,520 Speaker 2: and Africa. In June, hundreds have died or were lost 289 00:14:54,560 --> 00:14:57,120 Speaker 2: at sea as a fishing vessel prodded with migrants and 290 00:14:57,160 --> 00:15:01,320 Speaker 2: asylum seekers capsized off the coast of I spoke to 291 00:15:01,360 --> 00:15:08,880 Speaker 2: the Prime Minister about the tragedy. Prime Coastguards, of course 292 00:15:09,080 --> 00:15:13,040 Speaker 2: have not been portrayed in the positive lights recently because 293 00:15:13,040 --> 00:15:16,480 Speaker 2: of micro boats that have sind are you taking action 294 00:15:16,760 --> 00:15:18,520 Speaker 2: to make sure that doesn't happen again. 295 00:15:20,680 --> 00:15:21,360 Speaker 3: We've been. 296 00:15:22,840 --> 00:15:26,640 Speaker 1: Implementing, you know, a migration strategy that I've always described 297 00:15:26,640 --> 00:15:29,560 Speaker 1: as tough and fair. Our number one priority is for 298 00:15:29,600 --> 00:15:32,560 Speaker 1: people not to drown at sea, but also to protect 299 00:15:32,600 --> 00:15:33,200 Speaker 1: our borders. 300 00:15:33,680 --> 00:15:35,440 Speaker 3: And my theory is very simple. The less people you 301 00:15:35,440 --> 00:15:37,880 Speaker 3: have at sea, the less. 302 00:15:37,680 --> 00:15:39,840 Speaker 1: Likelihood that you may have a tragedy like the one 303 00:15:39,840 --> 00:15:43,680 Speaker 1: that unfolded in international voters. But you know of the 304 00:15:43,800 --> 00:15:47,240 Speaker 1: off the Greek coast, and we've been able to make 305 00:15:47,240 --> 00:15:50,440 Speaker 1: the strategy work in the Eastern met We've broken those 306 00:15:50,480 --> 00:15:56,080 Speaker 1: smugglers networks, and it's very unfair, you know, to to 307 00:15:56,360 --> 00:15:58,440 Speaker 1: when I look at for example, NGOs are part of 308 00:15:58,480 --> 00:16:01,120 Speaker 1: the international press. I mean they place emphasis, you know, 309 00:16:01,120 --> 00:16:03,200 Speaker 1: on the coast Guard, but they don't talk about the 310 00:16:03,200 --> 00:16:06,400 Speaker 1: smugglers who put these desperate people on a boat that 311 00:16:06,640 --> 00:16:12,160 Speaker 1: was obviously not seaworthy. Every time there's an incident, there's 312 00:16:12,160 --> 00:16:15,600 Speaker 1: always an investigation, and even regarding this tragedy, there is 313 00:16:15,640 --> 00:16:20,000 Speaker 1: an judicial investigation. Obviously I cannot comment on it by 314 00:16:20,040 --> 00:16:23,000 Speaker 1: pointing the finger at the coast Guard. Our Courst Cuart 315 00:16:23,040 --> 00:16:26,000 Speaker 1: has saved tens of thousands of people. It's unfair, it's unjust, 316 00:16:26,480 --> 00:16:28,960 Speaker 1: and it's also wrong as a strategy because at the 317 00:16:29,040 --> 00:16:31,080 Speaker 1: end of the day, what we don't want is we 318 00:16:31,120 --> 00:16:33,960 Speaker 1: don't want a pull strategy. So we have to be 319 00:16:34,000 --> 00:16:38,920 Speaker 1: vigilant in protecting our borders, but we also need legal pathways, 320 00:16:38,960 --> 00:16:42,600 Speaker 1: either for humanitarian reasons, so for refugees or also for 321 00:16:42,680 --> 00:16:47,040 Speaker 1: economic migrants. In one of our goals increases to sort 322 00:16:47,080 --> 00:16:51,520 Speaker 1: of expand labor market participation. And when I look at 323 00:16:51,920 --> 00:16:54,880 Speaker 1: certain jobs, for example in the agricultural sector, we have 324 00:16:54,920 --> 00:16:59,720 Speaker 1: difficulties finding people to actually do these jobs. And I 325 00:16:59,760 --> 00:17:02,520 Speaker 1: would much more prefer as we were, and we're already 326 00:17:02,520 --> 00:17:04,760 Speaker 1: putting in place these types of programs, for example, to 327 00:17:04,760 --> 00:17:09,320 Speaker 1: have an arrangement with the countries such as Egypt or 328 00:17:09,640 --> 00:17:13,120 Speaker 1: Bangladesh where we offer work visas for people to legally 329 00:17:13,160 --> 00:17:15,320 Speaker 1: work here and they will come and work and they 330 00:17:15,320 --> 00:17:17,600 Speaker 1: will be insured and they don't need to embark on 331 00:17:17,640 --> 00:17:20,679 Speaker 1: a dangerous trip. But we will control the policy. We 332 00:17:20,720 --> 00:17:23,520 Speaker 1: cannot leave this policy. We cannot let this policy be 333 00:17:23,560 --> 00:17:24,480 Speaker 1: controlled by the smugglers. 334 00:17:25,040 --> 00:17:27,120 Speaker 2: Promire, do you feel like down by the European Union? 335 00:17:27,359 --> 00:17:29,960 Speaker 2: Should they be helping you more and trying to deal 336 00:17:30,000 --> 00:17:32,119 Speaker 2: with the situation also the refugee camps. 337 00:17:31,840 --> 00:17:34,640 Speaker 1: That I mean the European you knowed to be honest, 338 00:17:35,000 --> 00:17:37,240 Speaker 1: first all, its changing this approach at the level of 339 00:17:37,240 --> 00:17:39,639 Speaker 1: the European Council. It is placing much more emphasis on 340 00:17:40,800 --> 00:17:43,600 Speaker 1: the external aspect of migration, which is essentially border manager. 341 00:17:43,640 --> 00:17:45,919 Speaker 1: They've also funded a lot of our a lot of 342 00:17:45,920 --> 00:17:48,359 Speaker 1: our camps. If you go to the islands now you 343 00:17:48,400 --> 00:17:50,000 Speaker 1: will see ultra modern facilities. 344 00:17:50,320 --> 00:17:52,159 Speaker 3: You know, five years ago we had the horror of 345 00:17:52,160 --> 00:17:53,800 Speaker 3: more other under. 346 00:17:53,560 --> 00:17:57,520 Speaker 1: A socialist government which supposedly was progressive and cared quote 347 00:17:57,600 --> 00:18:02,520 Speaker 1: unquote about the human conditions of migrants. So there has 348 00:18:02,560 --> 00:18:04,600 Speaker 1: been support by the European Union. Yes, I would like 349 00:18:04,640 --> 00:18:11,720 Speaker 1: them to be bolder and also openly finance barriers what 350 00:18:11,760 --> 00:18:15,240 Speaker 1: we call fences, but other measures to help us protect 351 00:18:15,320 --> 00:18:19,200 Speaker 1: our our border. And of course you know we're also 352 00:18:19,200 --> 00:18:23,560 Speaker 1: working with Frontechs. Frontex is not an NGO. Maybe some 353 00:18:23,680 --> 00:18:25,760 Speaker 1: people in the European Parliament think that Frontec should be 354 00:18:25,800 --> 00:18:27,760 Speaker 1: an NGO, but Frontecs should not be an NGO. 355 00:18:28,000 --> 00:18:30,800 Speaker 3: It's a border protection. 356 00:18:32,920 --> 00:18:37,679 Speaker 1: Unit heavily sort of funded by the European Union. And 357 00:18:37,720 --> 00:18:40,639 Speaker 1: we're always working, you know, you know, with Frontecs, and 358 00:18:40,640 --> 00:18:43,639 Speaker 1: whatever issues arise, we always try to cooperate and try. 359 00:18:43,520 --> 00:18:44,240 Speaker 3: To resolve them. 360 00:18:44,320 --> 00:18:47,640 Speaker 2: But there's no change in policy on refugees that you see, 361 00:18:48,000 --> 00:18:49,280 Speaker 2: or again some of that. 362 00:18:49,400 --> 00:18:51,760 Speaker 3: There has been a gradual change of policy. 363 00:18:51,359 --> 00:18:53,280 Speaker 1: At the level of the Council, which is most welcomed. 364 00:18:53,280 --> 00:18:55,040 Speaker 1: Then we love it a lot about it to make 365 00:18:55,080 --> 00:19:00,200 Speaker 1: sure that we place the external dimension of migration from 366 00:19:00,240 --> 00:19:02,320 Speaker 1: that center, because we'll be talking a lot about the 367 00:19:02,320 --> 00:19:05,080 Speaker 1: internal dimension, which is how do we move people once 368 00:19:05,080 --> 00:19:09,359 Speaker 1: they enter the European Union, who should be responsible, for example, 369 00:19:09,400 --> 00:19:12,640 Speaker 1: for welcoming, how we're going to have quotas and these 370 00:19:12,640 --> 00:19:15,280 Speaker 1: are difficult topics, but unless we reduce a number of 371 00:19:15,320 --> 00:19:18,520 Speaker 1: people who entered the Union illegally, we will not be 372 00:19:18,520 --> 00:19:21,120 Speaker 1: able to address this problem. But again this is not sufficient. 373 00:19:21,520 --> 00:19:23,479 Speaker 1: We need to offer legal pathways and we also need 374 00:19:23,520 --> 00:19:26,200 Speaker 1: to be much more effective when it comes to returns. Premier. 375 00:19:26,320 --> 00:19:28,520 Speaker 2: You've also done a lot of work on LGBTQ rights. 376 00:19:29,160 --> 00:19:30,240 Speaker 2: How much will that continue? 377 00:19:30,520 --> 00:19:31,159 Speaker 3: It will continue. 378 00:19:31,200 --> 00:19:34,960 Speaker 1: We have an LGBTQ e quality strategy that we're putting 379 00:19:35,000 --> 00:19:39,040 Speaker 1: in places of work in progress. But we're happy about 380 00:19:39,080 --> 00:19:43,040 Speaker 1: you know. But some of our initiatives, which also mean 381 00:19:43,080 --> 00:19:46,560 Speaker 1: a lot to me, you know, almost actual people couldn't 382 00:19:46,600 --> 00:19:49,679 Speaker 1: even you know, give blood. Before we came into power, 383 00:19:49,680 --> 00:19:53,520 Speaker 1: we still had horrible conversion therapies which were technically legal 384 00:19:54,119 --> 00:19:56,960 Speaker 1: for you know, gay you know, teenagers. I mean really 385 00:19:57,800 --> 00:20:02,080 Speaker 1: we banned all that. Will continue to implement our strategy. 386 00:20:02,119 --> 00:20:03,280 Speaker 3: It's a long term. 387 00:20:04,680 --> 00:20:08,080 Speaker 1: Project, but you know, I think Greek society is much 388 00:20:08,119 --> 00:20:11,480 Speaker 1: more ready and much more mature. It's interesting that all 389 00:20:11,520 --> 00:20:14,720 Speaker 1: these initiatives have been launched by a center right government 390 00:20:14,840 --> 00:20:18,480 Speaker 1: and not by the previous government, which theoretically again belong 391 00:20:18,600 --> 00:20:20,840 Speaker 1: to the left. And I think this is also testimony 392 00:20:20,880 --> 00:20:23,520 Speaker 1: to the fact that we are a truly progressive government. 393 00:20:24,200 --> 00:20:26,399 Speaker 2: Will you only reach you know, true equality when you 394 00:20:26,440 --> 00:20:27,600 Speaker 2: have same sex marriage. 395 00:20:28,080 --> 00:20:30,240 Speaker 1: It will happen at some point. It is part of 396 00:20:30,280 --> 00:20:33,200 Speaker 1: our you know, it is part of our strategy. It 397 00:20:33,320 --> 00:20:35,800 Speaker 1: is a work in it is a working in progress. 398 00:20:35,920 --> 00:20:40,280 Speaker 1: We have we have civil union already. Uh and at 399 00:20:40,280 --> 00:20:42,280 Speaker 1: some point, you know this, this strategy will come to 400 00:20:42,280 --> 00:20:42,560 Speaker 1: your end. 401 00:20:43,880 --> 00:20:46,240 Speaker 2: How would you describe yourself as a leader? What kind 402 00:20:46,280 --> 00:20:48,520 Speaker 2: of I mean, You've you know, delivered on a lot 403 00:20:48,560 --> 00:20:50,760 Speaker 2: of your goals. You've you know, done better than I 404 00:20:50,800 --> 00:20:53,840 Speaker 2: expecting the polls. What drives you? 405 00:20:53,840 --> 00:20:57,320 Speaker 1: And that I don't like too much to talk about myself, 406 00:20:57,359 --> 00:21:03,000 Speaker 1: but I would really like to look at Greece after 407 00:21:03,000 --> 00:21:05,520 Speaker 1: eight years and say, yes, we've made you big changes. 408 00:21:05,800 --> 00:21:07,679 Speaker 1: So this is not just about management, it's not just 409 00:21:07,720 --> 00:21:11,479 Speaker 1: about you know, playing defense. It's really about changing the country. 410 00:21:11,520 --> 00:21:13,160 Speaker 1: I mean, this country, if you look at its two hundred, 411 00:21:13,359 --> 00:21:17,199 Speaker 1: your history has gone through spells of what really you know, 412 00:21:18,040 --> 00:21:21,040 Speaker 1: big changes happened. And I hope that I can make 413 00:21:21,080 --> 00:21:24,680 Speaker 1: my own contribution in making sure that we completely sort 414 00:21:24,680 --> 00:21:29,880 Speaker 1: of break out of this sort of spell that really 415 00:21:30,400 --> 00:21:37,080 Speaker 1: dragged us towards essentially towards the bottom during the second 416 00:21:37,160 --> 00:21:40,159 Speaker 1: decade of the twenty first century. No, we lost, We 417 00:21:40,280 --> 00:21:42,720 Speaker 1: lost twenty five percent of our GDP. This was the 418 00:21:42,720 --> 00:21:45,840 Speaker 1: biggest contraction since people forget about it, since the Second 419 00:21:45,840 --> 00:21:49,760 Speaker 1: World War. In any OECD country. But it's an opportunity 420 00:21:49,840 --> 00:21:52,200 Speaker 1: to really change the country. And essentially what I'd like 421 00:21:52,280 --> 00:21:55,000 Speaker 1: to do is make sure I relea se creative forces. 422 00:21:55,000 --> 00:21:57,040 Speaker 1: I mean, Greeks are incredibly talented. I want them to 423 00:21:57,080 --> 00:21:59,080 Speaker 1: be able to prosper in their country and then move abroad. 424 00:21:59,160 --> 00:22:01,400 Speaker 2: So what's your big dream actually. 425 00:22:01,080 --> 00:22:03,080 Speaker 3: For Greece to become. 426 00:22:04,520 --> 00:22:08,359 Speaker 1: To become a protagonist, a global protagonist in those areas 427 00:22:08,400 --> 00:22:12,119 Speaker 1: where we can be a protagonist, and to be able 428 00:22:12,160 --> 00:22:13,680 Speaker 1: to catch up in. 429 00:22:13,640 --> 00:22:16,119 Speaker 3: Those areas where we're still laggards. 430 00:22:16,119 --> 00:22:19,199 Speaker 1: But and to us address what I consider to be 431 00:22:19,280 --> 00:22:21,680 Speaker 1: the you know, the three big challenges, which is the environment, 432 00:22:22,240 --> 00:22:25,840 Speaker 1: you know, the digital challenge, and you know the opportunities 433 00:22:25,840 --> 00:22:28,000 Speaker 1: and threats of AI. But also for me, probably the 434 00:22:28,000 --> 00:22:32,719 Speaker 1: most important challenge is inequality, income inequality. You know, at 435 00:22:32,720 --> 00:22:33,880 Speaker 1: the end of the day, I want to look at, 436 00:22:34,440 --> 00:22:36,639 Speaker 1: you know, the growth of we're delivered and I'll be 437 00:22:36,680 --> 00:22:39,920 Speaker 1: happy if I see less inequality rather than more. It 438 00:22:40,040 --> 00:22:43,000 Speaker 1: is always a risk in rapidly growing economies that we 439 00:22:43,080 --> 00:22:46,520 Speaker 1: actually have more inequality. We've been able to lower inequality 440 00:22:46,960 --> 00:22:51,080 Speaker 1: over the past four years because we've actively supported those 441 00:22:52,240 --> 00:22:53,760 Speaker 1: in need, and at the end of the day. It's about, 442 00:22:53,760 --> 00:22:56,040 Speaker 1: you know, giving opportunity to those who are less privileged. 443 00:22:56,080 --> 00:23:00,359 Speaker 1: This is what really, you know, excites me and makes 444 00:23:00,400 --> 00:23:04,520 Speaker 1: me work harder when I feel tired. Premier. 445 00:23:04,920 --> 00:23:07,119 Speaker 2: Do you think that's why people voted for you or 446 00:23:07,160 --> 00:23:09,080 Speaker 2: is it because they didn't have a real alternative. 447 00:23:09,440 --> 00:23:13,040 Speaker 1: I think that maybe in twenty nineteen people voted for 448 00:23:13,119 --> 00:23:15,080 Speaker 1: us because they were fed up with the previous government. 449 00:23:16,000 --> 00:23:18,200 Speaker 1: In this election, I'm pretty sure people voted for us 450 00:23:18,200 --> 00:23:20,600 Speaker 1: because they bought into our story and our vision for 451 00:23:20,640 --> 00:23:24,159 Speaker 1: the future. Again, it's unusual to see this level of 452 00:23:24,160 --> 00:23:28,040 Speaker 1: support in a Western democracy, in a multi party system, 453 00:23:29,240 --> 00:23:31,640 Speaker 1: so I think they placed their trust in us, and 454 00:23:32,000 --> 00:23:36,240 Speaker 1: we have to reciprocate. So, you know, a big victory, 455 00:23:36,800 --> 00:23:39,240 Speaker 1: it gives us cast for celebration. It probably lasts for 456 00:23:39,320 --> 00:23:41,480 Speaker 1: hours rather than days, and then suddenly you have the 457 00:23:42,400 --> 00:23:45,080 Speaker 1: weight of people's expectations on your shoulders, the weight of 458 00:23:45,080 --> 00:23:47,680 Speaker 1: the office on your shoulders, and you tell yourself, look, 459 00:23:47,760 --> 00:23:49,679 Speaker 1: people have given you a mandate for big change, and 460 00:23:49,680 --> 00:23:50,359 Speaker 1: you'd better deliver. 461 00:23:50,560 --> 00:23:52,120 Speaker 2: Prem Minister, thank you so much for your time today, 462 00:23:52,119 --> 00:23:53,280 Speaker 2: Thank you for estine Thank you so much.