1 00:00:00,120 --> 00:00:01,920 Speaker 1: This Day in History Class is a production of I 2 00:00:02,040 --> 00:00:07,120 Speaker 1: Heart Radio. Hi everyone, I'm Eves and welcome to This 3 00:00:07,200 --> 00:00:10,239 Speaker 1: Day in History Class, a podcast where we one day 4 00:00:10,240 --> 00:00:13,120 Speaker 1: ship nugs of history straight to your brain through your 5 00:00:13,119 --> 00:00:26,800 Speaker 1: ear hole. Today is January. The day was January twenty eight, 6 00:00:27,080 --> 00:00:31,040 Speaker 1: thirty nine. The Battle of Young Guy, the last battle 7 00:00:31,080 --> 00:00:34,680 Speaker 1: of the War of the Confederation, occurred near Yungai, Peru. 8 00:00:35,600 --> 00:00:39,879 Speaker 1: The battle resulted in the dissolution of the Peruvian Bolivian Confederation. 9 00:00:41,040 --> 00:00:44,600 Speaker 1: In eighteen thirty six, President Andres de Santa Cruz of 10 00:00:44,640 --> 00:00:49,479 Speaker 1: Bolivia united the two states of Peru with Bolivia. General 11 00:00:49,560 --> 00:00:53,159 Speaker 1: Romon Herrera was president in South Peru. Luise Jose de 12 00:00:53,360 --> 00:00:57,280 Speaker 1: Orderbegoso was president in North Peru. In General Jose Miguel 13 00:00:57,360 --> 00:01:02,080 Speaker 1: de Velasco was made president of Bolivia. Santa Cruz declared 14 00:01:02,120 --> 00:01:06,679 Speaker 1: himself Protector of the Confederation, a lifetime and hereditary office. 15 00:01:07,800 --> 00:01:12,840 Speaker 1: Many Western powers recognized the new Peruvian Bolivian Confederation, but Chile, 16 00:01:13,200 --> 00:01:16,440 Speaker 1: which already had strained relations with Peru over the ports 17 00:01:16,480 --> 00:01:20,360 Speaker 1: of Callao and val Paraiso, was wary of the confederation 18 00:01:20,480 --> 00:01:25,920 Speaker 1: and its potential power. Existing high tensions between Chile and Peru, 19 00:01:26,040 --> 00:01:30,600 Speaker 1: plus disputes over customs, duties, and loans, plus concerns over 20 00:01:30,680 --> 00:01:34,720 Speaker 1: military and commercial power, led to the War of the Confederation. 21 00:01:35,880 --> 00:01:39,560 Speaker 1: In August of eighty six, Chile seized three of the 22 00:01:39,600 --> 00:01:44,160 Speaker 1: Confederation ships at Cayao. Santa Cruz tried to negotiate with 23 00:01:44,240 --> 00:01:47,360 Speaker 1: Chile rather than go to war. Chile set up a 24 00:01:47,360 --> 00:01:51,760 Speaker 1: treaty with several terms, one of which was dissolving the Confederation. 25 00:01:52,600 --> 00:01:56,720 Speaker 1: Santa Cruz refused to dissolve the Confederation, and Chile declared 26 00:01:56,760 --> 00:02:01,360 Speaker 1: war December of that year. The next year, Argentina also 27 00:02:01,440 --> 00:02:05,280 Speaker 1: declared war on the Confederation, though Chile and Argentina did 28 00:02:05,280 --> 00:02:09,720 Speaker 1: not join forces in the fight. Chile was supported by Peruvians, 29 00:02:09,760 --> 00:02:13,919 Speaker 1: who were opposed to Santa Cruz, but Chile suffered losses 30 00:02:13,960 --> 00:02:17,760 Speaker 1: in the beginning. The first expedition from Chile, led by 31 00:02:17,800 --> 00:02:23,040 Speaker 1: Admiral Manuel Blanco and Galata, was unsuccessful, and Galata was 32 00:02:23,160 --> 00:02:25,760 Speaker 1: forced to sign a peace treaty and return to Chile, 33 00:02:26,760 --> 00:02:29,840 Speaker 1: but the Chilean government rejected the treaty and broke it. 34 00:02:29,840 --> 00:02:33,760 Speaker 1: It organized a second expedition, sending an army to invade Peru. 35 00:02:34,880 --> 00:02:38,640 Speaker 1: Though Santa Cruz advanced on the Chileans, the latter gathered 36 00:02:38,639 --> 00:02:42,520 Speaker 1: Peruvian dissidance to join their cause along the way. In 37 00:02:42,600 --> 00:02:46,440 Speaker 1: early January of eighteen thirty nine, Chile's forces in Santa 38 00:02:46,440 --> 00:02:49,640 Speaker 1: Cruz's forces met at the Battle of Boueen, in which 39 00:02:49,760 --> 00:02:53,320 Speaker 1: both countries have claimed to win. Later that month, the 40 00:02:53,360 --> 00:02:56,959 Speaker 1: two sides met at Yungai, a town in north central Peru. 41 00:02:57,560 --> 00:03:01,040 Speaker 1: After six hours of combat, Chile defeat the confederates at 42 00:03:01,080 --> 00:03:04,680 Speaker 1: the Battle of Young Guy on January eighteen thirty nine. 43 00:03:05,800 --> 00:03:09,239 Speaker 1: This was the decisive battle of the war. Santa Cruz 44 00:03:09,280 --> 00:03:13,760 Speaker 1: exiled himself in Ecuador and the Peruvian Bolivian Confederation was dissolved. 45 00:03:14,520 --> 00:03:19,720 Speaker 1: Augustin Gamara assumed the presidency of Peru. Peruvian officers who 46 00:03:19,840 --> 00:03:23,160 Speaker 1: served under the Confederation were banned from the Peruvian army. 47 00:03:24,160 --> 00:03:27,320 Speaker 1: The Peruvian government gave a wards to Chilean and Peruvian 48 00:03:27,360 --> 00:03:30,799 Speaker 1: officials and paid its debt with Chile. The War of 49 00:03:30,840 --> 00:03:35,560 Speaker 1: the Confederation was over, but Gamara soon invaded Bolivia and 50 00:03:35,640 --> 00:03:40,040 Speaker 1: was killed by Bolivian forces in eighteen forty one. Conflict, 51 00:03:40,120 --> 00:03:44,360 Speaker 1: as well as political and economic instability, plagued Peru and 52 00:03:44,400 --> 00:03:48,680 Speaker 1: Bolivia for years afterward. The War of the Pacific between 53 00:03:48,720 --> 00:03:52,680 Speaker 1: Chile and An Alliance of Bolivia and Peru lasted from 54 00:03:52,720 --> 00:03:55,880 Speaker 1: eighteen seventy nine to eighteen eighty four and ended with 55 00:03:55,920 --> 00:03:59,840 Speaker 1: the Chilean victory. I'm Eves Jeff Coote, and hopefully you 56 00:04:00,040 --> 00:04:02,960 Speaker 1: know a little more about history today than you did yesterday. 57 00:04:03,720 --> 00:04:07,119 Speaker 1: Feel free to share your thoughts or your innermost feelings 58 00:04:07,160 --> 00:04:11,000 Speaker 1: with us and with other listeners on social media at 59 00:04:11,240 --> 00:04:15,880 Speaker 1: t d I h C podcast, and you can email 60 00:04:15,960 --> 00:04:20,640 Speaker 1: us at this Day at I heart media dot com. 61 00:04:20,640 --> 00:04:23,920 Speaker 1: Thanks for listening to today's episode. We'll see you again tomorrow. 62 00:04:37,720 --> 00:04:39,760 Speaker 1: For more podcasts from my Heart Radio, visit the i 63 00:04:39,800 --> 00:04:42,440 Speaker 1: Heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to 64 00:04:42,480 --> 00:04:43,279 Speaker 1: your favorite shows.