WEBVTT - How well do you know the T. Rex? 0:00:00.160 --> 0:00:04.440 Yeah, Welcome to Stuff from the Science Lab from how 0:00:04.480 --> 0:00:16.280 stuff works dot com. Hey guys, and welcome to the podcast. 0:00:16.320 --> 0:00:18.560 This is Alison Madermelick, the science editor at how stuff 0:00:18.560 --> 0:00:20.960 works dot com, and this is Robert Lamb, science writer 0:00:21.040 --> 0:00:23.799 at how stuff works dot com. Today we're talking about 0:00:23.920 --> 0:00:28.479 the tyrant lizard King a k a. The Tyrannosaurus Rex. Yeah. 0:00:28.520 --> 0:00:31.000 This is a dinosaur that I grew up with, and 0:00:31.040 --> 0:00:34.000 I think a lot of people out there grew up with. Um. 0:00:34.040 --> 0:00:37.120 I've had the little plastic figuring of him. I was 0:00:37.320 --> 0:00:40.600 having him beat up on Try Sarah tops attacking Stegasaurus, 0:00:40.720 --> 0:00:43.720 is eating g I Joe men, you know, knocking down 0:00:43.880 --> 0:00:48.840 wooden block castles. The Tyrannosaurs Rex was just no kidding, 0:00:48.880 --> 0:00:51.040 a hero, I think to a lot of children, and 0:00:51.200 --> 0:00:54.480 uh and I and I think still is today. Absolutely. 0:00:54.640 --> 0:00:57.920 I have kids, have nephews, have all sorts of little 0:00:57.920 --> 0:00:59.880 ones running around, and I went to one of the 0:01:00.080 --> 0:01:03.360 what one of the toy stores recently and there's ginormous 0:01:03.440 --> 0:01:07.440 amounts of dinosaur toys aimed kids. Actually some that are 0:01:07.520 --> 0:01:10.080 I was pretty fascinated about. Yeah, and of course, if 0:01:10.080 --> 0:01:12.119 you look at the depictions of what this guy looked 0:01:12.120 --> 0:01:15.160 like you can you can tell why we're so attached 0:01:15.200 --> 0:01:17.200 to it. I mean, he's just he's just awesome looking. 0:01:17.400 --> 0:01:21.400 We're talking about a big bipedal dinosaur with just massive jaws, 0:01:21.640 --> 0:01:26.800 enormous teeth, little bity front arms, but massive legs, an 0:01:26.920 --> 0:01:29.480 enormous tale. I mean, it's it's like a dragon, just 0:01:29.560 --> 0:01:33.080 a sheer monster. Yeah. I mean when I picture a dinosaur, 0:01:33.280 --> 0:01:35.680 you probably think of a t rex. I know I do. 0:01:36.280 --> 0:01:38.440 So let's quantify the two rex a little bit. He's 0:01:38.480 --> 0:01:40.560 about forty ft long, which, if you think about it, 0:01:40.600 --> 0:01:42.760 is the height of a four story building, assuming ten 0:01:42.800 --> 0:01:47.080 ft per story um the sky, as Robert mentioned, had huge, 0:01:47.240 --> 0:01:51.080 huge shoppers. I think his teeth were what seven seven 0:01:51.120 --> 0:01:55.080 inches per tooth, and his jaw was about four ft long. 0:01:55.120 --> 0:01:57.200 I mean that's the size of a small person. Yeah, 0:01:57.280 --> 0:01:59.680 especially when you factor in that he probably had you know, 0:01:59.720 --> 0:02:03.280 some more between four thousand and six thousand pounds of 0:02:03.280 --> 0:02:06.000 pressure per square inch with that thing. I also read 0:02:06.080 --> 0:02:09.200 the t rex could wolf down five hundred pounds in 0:02:09.240 --> 0:02:12.560 one bite. Can you imagine? The t rex was probably 0:02:12.600 --> 0:02:14.560 one of the last dinosaurs ever to walk the Earth, 0:02:15.000 --> 0:02:18.360 right before the KT boundary extinction event, wiped everything out, 0:02:18.639 --> 0:02:21.560 um and we found fossils in the United States, Canada, 0:02:21.600 --> 0:02:24.600 East Asia, and the US. Actually, Montana has been a 0:02:24.680 --> 0:02:28.080 virtual treasure trove of t rex is. So with all 0:02:28.080 --> 0:02:31.760 these crazy attributes, you know, the huge shaws, the crazy chompers, 0:02:32.360 --> 0:02:35.840 the big stature, you'd think that the t Rex was 0:02:36.120 --> 0:02:40.320 the fiercest of the fierce. Yeah, naturally, And actually that's 0:02:40.320 --> 0:02:42.720 how it was depicted by artists. Charles R. Night in 0:02:42.720 --> 0:02:45.400 the early nineteen hundred's um Night was the first one 0:02:45.440 --> 0:02:48.079 to to paint the t rex and he painted it 0:02:48.160 --> 0:02:51.600 standing upright, the tail was dragging on the ground and 0:02:51.600 --> 0:02:55.320 he's squaring off with the Triceratops. And the Triceratops is 0:02:55.320 --> 0:02:57.639 that dinosaur with you know, the frill around its neck 0:02:57.639 --> 0:03:00.239 and the two horns, and I think it's kind of 0:03:00.240 --> 0:03:02.359 a peace loving animal, except for when it was facing 0:03:02.360 --> 0:03:04.440 off against the t Rex. Yeah, but I've often heard 0:03:04.440 --> 0:03:06.799 it put like the t Rex is like is the 0:03:06.840 --> 0:03:09.800 little boy's favorite dinosaur and the try Saratops is the 0:03:09.800 --> 0:03:12.519 girl's favorite dinosaur. You just made that up, Now, that's true. 0:03:12.680 --> 0:03:15.200 I know my my wife's favorite dinosaurs to try Saratops, 0:03:15.200 --> 0:03:17.200 and mine is the t Rex. I think mine was 0:03:17.200 --> 0:03:21.480 the Prontosaurus. Well that's another peaceful even the not exactly 0:03:21.760 --> 0:03:24.600 a real dinosaur, but still you can hold onto that fantasy. 0:03:24.680 --> 0:03:27.040 I can, I can, and I will. Um. So Night 0:03:27.240 --> 0:03:29.400 was was the first guy to really get down what 0:03:29.440 --> 0:03:32.480 t rex look like on paper, and as such, there 0:03:32.480 --> 0:03:38.040 are billions of toys spawn from this image and even Godzilla. Yeah, like, 0:03:38.800 --> 0:03:42.600 basically Night's image looks like a guy in a dinosaur costume. 0:03:43.000 --> 0:03:45.080 It's like the same stature. You know, you could say, 0:03:45.120 --> 0:03:48.040 we're really throwing our anthropomorphic baggage at a bunch of 0:03:48.080 --> 0:03:50.080 fossils and creating something that kind of looks like a 0:03:50.080 --> 0:03:52.760 good dude in a suit. But film fans have also 0:03:53.080 --> 0:03:57.160 um gotten to witness the emergence of new models for 0:03:57.240 --> 0:03:59.560 how the t rex would have looked. And you guys 0:03:59.600 --> 0:04:03.240 are gonna where we're going with this Jurassic Park classic scene, yep, 0:04:03.360 --> 0:04:07.320 dinosaur chasing Sam Neil and company in the vehicle. This 0:04:07.400 --> 0:04:09.800 is this is a very different take on the dinosaur. 0:04:09.880 --> 0:04:12.600 This isn't it's it's more streamlined. The tail it's up 0:04:12.600 --> 0:04:15.360 in the air, and it's it's it's running. It's really 0:04:15.440 --> 0:04:20.159 upgraded nights vision of what the animal consisted of into 0:04:20.200 --> 0:04:24.080 like an even more awesome predator. Right, So before night 0:04:24.120 --> 0:04:27.040 kind of had the t Rex standing as this big, plotting, 0:04:27.279 --> 0:04:30.400 hulking dinosaur. But then you know, with the with the 0:04:30.440 --> 0:04:34.240 advent of Jurassic Park and even earlier than that, Yeah, 0:04:34.279 --> 0:04:36.680 the t Rex gotta makeover. And he was sleeker, and 0:04:36.680 --> 0:04:38.560 all of a sudden, his body's parallel to the ground, 0:04:38.600 --> 0:04:41.000 tails not dragging on the ground anymore. And and this 0:04:41.080 --> 0:04:43.480 is this is the newer version of the t Rex 0:04:43.520 --> 0:04:47.960 that that we now know, so even you know, even 0:04:48.040 --> 0:04:50.880 more reason for kids to love him. But just as 0:04:51.200 --> 0:04:54.320 kids get older and uh, suddenly they learned a little 0:04:54.360 --> 0:04:56.839 more about their heroes and their their heroes, you know, 0:04:56.880 --> 0:05:01.080 tarnish a little bit um. Also, a lot of studies 0:05:01.080 --> 0:05:03.120 have come out to sort of tarnish the reputation a 0:05:03.160 --> 0:05:05.760 little bit of the t Rex. The t rex is 0:05:06.400 --> 0:05:09.040 has gone down. Yeah, no it's not so much, you know, 0:05:09.440 --> 0:05:13.800 no drug scandals or anything transsi no, no, no, no, 0:05:14.120 --> 0:05:16.440 you know, car Rex or anything. But but no, there's 0:05:16.440 --> 0:05:20.360 been some new studies to to cast his role as 0:05:20.440 --> 0:05:24.760 King of the Dinosaurs in doubt, namely that maybe he 0:05:24.839 --> 0:05:30.080 wasn't so much a super predator as a pretty good scavenger. Scavenger, 0:05:30.240 --> 0:05:33.279 it's just a totally different volume. Yeah, I mean, it's 0:05:33.320 --> 0:05:36.240 that it goes from you know, king of the jungle 0:05:36.279 --> 0:05:39.960 to like a vulture or you know, or something. And 0:05:39.960 --> 0:05:41.640 there are a number of reasons for this. It's not 0:05:41.680 --> 0:05:44.400 just people wanting to bad mouth uh that you know, 0:05:44.440 --> 0:05:47.720 a hero to children. Some of the the attributes that 0:05:47.839 --> 0:05:50.640 t Rex had huge nostrils, which is great if you 0:05:50.680 --> 0:05:53.479 want to smell out some dead dinos out there in 0:05:53.520 --> 0:05:57.120 the primordial jungle. All right, those teeth and jaws, yeah, 0:05:57.120 --> 0:06:00.000 they're great for chomping into living things, but they're all 0:06:00.080 --> 0:06:05.760 so great for busting through giant you know, Stegasaurus corpses, etcetera, 0:06:06.640 --> 0:06:09.160 getting at that bone marrow that's so rich in nutrients. 0:06:10.000 --> 0:06:13.120 And that's another thing they've in studying this stuff called 0:06:13.480 --> 0:06:20.280 copper light, which is basically fossilized fossilized dino uh excrement. 0:06:21.000 --> 0:06:24.960 Yeah uh. They found a lot of bone fragments making 0:06:25.000 --> 0:06:28.400 it look like these guys consumed a lot of bones. Now, 0:06:28.440 --> 0:06:31.400 this is a lot like a really interesting bird that 0:06:31.440 --> 0:06:35.360 you find in the mountains of Ethiopia but also throughout 0:06:35.400 --> 0:06:38.960 Europe Asian Africa called the lambur guyer. And this guy 0:06:39.040 --> 0:06:41.760 looks like basically like a big vulture, really kind of 0:06:41.800 --> 0:06:44.719 a beautiful animal. But he he shows up late to 0:06:44.880 --> 0:06:48.440 all the the dead things. The other vultures get their 0:06:48.480 --> 0:06:51.080 first pick over the flesh, the lambur guyer shows up. 0:06:51.240 --> 0:06:54.480 He goes after the bones, takes the bones, drops them 0:06:54.520 --> 0:06:57.680 from a really really high altitude. They crack open, and 0:06:57.680 --> 0:07:01.080 then he just gulps down all these bone fragments. All right, there, 0:07:01.160 --> 0:07:03.320 nothing really is wasted in nature, right, And there's a 0:07:03.320 --> 0:07:06.400 lot of nutrients inside bones, um, you know, the bone marrow, 0:07:06.640 --> 0:07:09.400 et cetera. And it's the stuff that not every scavenger 0:07:09.480 --> 0:07:11.960 is going to be specialized enough to take advantage off. 0:07:12.360 --> 0:07:15.440 So and then they also found, um, some t rex 0:07:15.920 --> 0:07:20.080 teeth in the dino do basically ends up painting this 0:07:20.120 --> 0:07:22.120 picture of the t rex is a like a giant 0:07:22.160 --> 0:07:25.800 trash compactor going at these at the bones of dead animals, 0:07:25.840 --> 0:07:28.400 just chomping it all down vicious so viciously. Yeah, that 0:07:28.440 --> 0:07:31.720 it's just bone fragments and his own teeth getting snapped 0:07:31.720 --> 0:07:34.280 off and you know, passing through his system. I just 0:07:34.320 --> 0:07:36.120 had sort of a funny vision of you ripping into 0:07:36.160 --> 0:07:38.080 some meal and losing a couple of teeth in the process. 0:07:38.120 --> 0:07:40.120 But I'm imagining that's what it was like for the 0:07:40.160 --> 0:07:42.680 t rex. Yeah, I've never been that hungry, but I've 0:07:42.720 --> 0:07:47.240 never had to hunt down my dinner in in dinosaur times. 0:07:47.240 --> 0:07:52.360 So one of my favorite supporting ideas that the t 0:07:52.520 --> 0:07:55.640 rex was a scavenger um is on the basis of parents. 0:07:56.120 --> 0:07:59.320 Yeah yeah, so, Uh. The idea is that the t 0:07:59.520 --> 0:08:03.560 rex is not too attractive of a dinosaur, and well, 0:08:03.680 --> 0:08:06.760 let's just call spade a spade. Uh, the t rex 0:08:06.840 --> 0:08:10.720 is ugly, and h his ugliness he has in common 0:08:10.760 --> 0:08:14.360 with hyenas and vultures and and the legs. So this 0:08:14.400 --> 0:08:16.640 is uh. I really hate to imagine that one being 0:08:16.640 --> 0:08:19.480 taught in school two kids and saying, since the t 0:08:19.600 --> 0:08:22.160 rex was an ugly dinosaur, he had no choice but 0:08:22.240 --> 0:08:24.640 to eat things that others wouldn't, you know, That's just 0:08:25.360 --> 0:08:29.000 it's it's very silly. Saratops, however, is beautiful and she 0:08:29.080 --> 0:08:33.320 used to eat whatever she wants. I also heard that 0:08:33.320 --> 0:08:36.200 the those powerful legs could have been made for walking 0:08:36.240 --> 0:08:40.080 long distances as opposed to running down pray. Right, Yeah, 0:08:40.120 --> 0:08:42.760 if you're if you pray is not going anywhere. Um, 0:08:42.760 --> 0:08:44.400 and it's just a matter of running off some other 0:08:44.840 --> 0:08:47.320 scavengers when you get there. You don't necessarily need to 0:08:47.840 --> 0:08:51.280 run like a freight train. People have also made the 0:08:51.360 --> 0:08:55.520 argument that well they have they have museless little arms, 0:08:56.080 --> 0:08:58.520 all the more reason that they're just scavengers. But that 0:08:58.559 --> 0:09:00.760 goes both ways. People point out, well, all snakes, you 0:09:00.760 --> 0:09:04.360 have plenty of excellent snake predators, and obviously snakes don't 0:09:04.400 --> 0:09:06.800 have arms, so that one's kind of a stupid one 0:09:06.800 --> 0:09:10.080 in my opinion. However, the predator side still has some 0:09:10.400 --> 0:09:13.400 has some supporters and there, and they really like to 0:09:13.400 --> 0:09:16.600 put out this just awesome image in my mind, and 0:09:16.640 --> 0:09:19.479 I think all the children out there will agree of 0:09:19.480 --> 0:09:21.480 of this guy running just at a at a really 0:09:21.960 --> 0:09:26.240 fast speed, opening his jaws wide and just crashing into 0:09:26.320 --> 0:09:29.520 his prey. Yeah, and that's where and then that ends 0:09:29.559 --> 0:09:32.400 up shattering teeth as well, Like just opening his jaws 0:09:32.440 --> 0:09:34.960 and just running smack into the side of a stegosaurs. 0:09:35.160 --> 0:09:38.960 I kind of just picture the t rex going running 0:09:38.960 --> 0:09:42.360 full speed and either way they definitely not on each 0:09:42.400 --> 0:09:44.959 other a lot um. But but then that's one of 0:09:45.000 --> 0:09:47.800 those things you have. You have beetles in the wild 0:09:47.840 --> 0:09:51.080 that have basically evolved large mandibles just for wrestling with 0:09:51.120 --> 0:09:54.400 each other, so that that doesn't you know, necessarily mean 0:09:54.440 --> 0:09:56.480 one thing or another. But you know, even if they 0:09:56.480 --> 0:09:58.800 were scavengers, they were probably getting into some pretty serious 0:09:58.800 --> 0:10:01.760 scrapes with each other. So the the whole argument of 0:10:01.760 --> 0:10:04.440 whether the t rex was a scavenger predator also leads 0:10:04.480 --> 0:10:08.120 us into whether the t rex was fast or slow. Right, 0:10:08.160 --> 0:10:10.600 So if he's a scavenger, then he can be a 0:10:10.600 --> 0:10:14.080 little bit you know, less zippy to his next meal, 0:10:14.120 --> 0:10:16.280 whereas if he's a if he's a predator, then he's 0:10:16.320 --> 0:10:19.480 probably likely to be more agile and fast, fast on 0:10:19.520 --> 0:10:22.080 his feet, right. And it's important to mention too that 0:10:22.120 --> 0:10:25.439 this is something that's that's very hard to track down 0:10:25.480 --> 0:10:28.840 evidence for. There's almost no direct evidence. Um, we have 0:10:28.920 --> 0:10:33.000 these things called track ways, which are basically fossilized dinosaur footprints, 0:10:33.480 --> 0:10:35.920 and they tend not to be long enough though to 0:10:36.120 --> 0:10:39.840 encompass the stride of a t rex. So a lot 0:10:39.880 --> 0:10:41.640 of this we're having to look at other factors. It's 0:10:41.640 --> 0:10:44.920 not just a matter of looking at the footprints. Yeah, So, 0:10:45.040 --> 0:10:47.360 exactly how fast was a t rex? Well, some say 0:10:47.400 --> 0:10:49.559 that he could run at forty five miles per hour, 0:10:49.679 --> 0:10:52.480 and others have suggested a more moderate twenty five miles 0:10:52.559 --> 0:10:55.640 per hour. Again, I mean, think about one of these 0:10:55.679 --> 0:10:58.200 guys coming after full speed forty five miles per hour. 0:10:58.240 --> 0:11:00.440 It's I mean, you couldn't take him out on the freeway, 0:11:00.600 --> 0:11:04.320 but in an animal speed, that's pretty that's pretty good, 0:11:04.960 --> 0:11:08.439 Which leads us to your next area of a scientific argument. 0:11:09.080 --> 0:11:12.200 Was this guy warm blooded or cold blooded? Well, if 0:11:12.200 --> 0:11:14.080 you're thinking that he's kind of a zippy being and 0:11:14.080 --> 0:11:17.720 he's chasing down prey and or even walking long distances 0:11:17.800 --> 0:11:21.079 to get out carry on, then then chances are maybe 0:11:21.120 --> 0:11:23.920 he wasn't cold blooded, but he was warm blooded. So 0:11:24.040 --> 0:11:26.240 just just a little refresher course in case you guys 0:11:26.240 --> 0:11:29.120 can't remember this body of the cold blended animals such 0:11:29.240 --> 0:11:31.280 like such as a snake or a lizard is is 0:11:31.320 --> 0:11:35.800 one that changes with the ambient temperature. So, um, a 0:11:35.840 --> 0:11:37.880 lizard is going to be more active when it's warm, 0:11:37.880 --> 0:11:39.880 and it's going to be kind of sluggish and I 0:11:39.880 --> 0:11:41.520 don't feel like getting out of bed when it's cold, 0:11:42.280 --> 0:11:45.839 whereas warm blooded animals such as mammals and birds and 0:11:46.080 --> 0:11:49.960 maybe dinosaurs are are active all the time regardless of temperature. 0:11:50.760 --> 0:11:53.440 Where this ties into the whole speed issue too, is 0:11:54.360 --> 0:11:56.959 it's basically a matter of looking at these bodies, the 0:11:57.760 --> 0:12:00.640 body of this dinosaur, and saying how much energy would 0:12:00.640 --> 0:12:03.040 it need to run at this speed? And in some 0:12:03.080 --> 0:12:07.040 instances the scientists argue that it would that the body 0:12:07.080 --> 0:12:10.200 would require more energy than a cold blooded system would 0:12:10.200 --> 0:12:13.800 be able to create. Okay, yeah, So then that leads 0:12:13.800 --> 0:12:16.640 to people saying, well, dinosaurs were cold blooded, so they 0:12:16.640 --> 0:12:19.560 couldn't possibly run that fast, or people saying, uh, the 0:12:19.600 --> 0:12:22.600 dinosaurs ran fast, so they have to be warm blooded. 0:12:23.120 --> 0:12:25.520 So basically it seems like we have we have to 0:12:25.520 --> 0:12:28.120 get to know the t rex a little bit better. Yeah, 0:12:28.200 --> 0:12:32.240 and uh, and and also there's you know, we talked 0:12:32.240 --> 0:12:36.640 about applying anthropomorphic baggage to dinosaurs earlier. I think part 0:12:36.640 --> 0:12:39.320 of that too is when we think of think of 0:12:39.360 --> 0:12:41.720 a dinosaur like a t rex is being like a 0:12:41.760 --> 0:12:44.080 predator or being a scavenger. We tend to think of 0:12:44.120 --> 0:12:48.280 our most iconic modern examples the right or you know, 0:12:48.320 --> 0:12:51.040 a vulture or you know something else that runs in 0:12:51.120 --> 0:12:54.240 front of your car, you know, to eat a dead possum, 0:12:54.320 --> 0:12:58.480 and their nature doesn't always work in such well defined uh. 0:12:58.600 --> 0:13:01.440 You know, examples like for instance, takee commodo dragon. This 0:13:01.520 --> 0:13:04.480 is a large predator and it is at the top 0:13:04.520 --> 0:13:07.520 of its food chain, and it's in its respective ecosystems, 0:13:07.880 --> 0:13:10.440 but it's not running down gazelle or anything, you know, 0:13:10.559 --> 0:13:13.440 and it's it's not even depending on like that kind 0:13:13.440 --> 0:13:16.160 of energy to take its prey. It'll come up to, 0:13:16.360 --> 0:13:18.839 say a water buffalo, and will bite it, and then 0:13:18.880 --> 0:13:21.960 it'll set around and wait weeks for that water buffalo 0:13:22.120 --> 0:13:24.560 to die from the venom, and then once it gets 0:13:24.559 --> 0:13:26.679 week we can off. All the other commodo dragons will 0:13:26.679 --> 0:13:28.480 come over and they'll feast on it. So that's not 0:13:28.920 --> 0:13:31.720 you know, a very iconic view of a predator's role. 0:13:32.480 --> 0:13:35.880 And on the other end, scavengers aren't necessarily the skulking, 0:13:35.920 --> 0:13:38.760 horrible little creatures in the night that you know, run 0:13:38.800 --> 0:13:40.960 from every light. Right if you kind of think of 0:13:41.000 --> 0:13:43.920 the whole green movement that's going on today, I mean, 0:13:44.080 --> 0:13:46.880 you could regard scavengers as kind of heroic and that 0:13:47.080 --> 0:13:51.760 nothing is wasted in nature and everything is eaten. And yeah, 0:13:51.880 --> 0:13:54.000 so maybe it's not as much that the t rex 0:13:54.559 --> 0:13:57.480 um is losing its appeal to kids, but it's like 0:13:57.520 --> 0:14:00.560 it's like an image makeover the t Rex isn't necessarily 0:14:00.559 --> 0:14:03.440 the king of the jungle, but hey, look how how 0:14:03.520 --> 0:14:07.400 much of a you know, a green ICONI is eating 0:14:07.400 --> 0:14:10.480 all that bone and well and and maybe he's a 0:14:10.520 --> 0:14:12.240 little bit of both. And in fact, I think that's 0:14:12.240 --> 0:14:15.760 what Tracy Wilson was getting at in her article was 0:14:15.800 --> 0:14:18.400 the Tyrannosaurus rex a predator or scavenger? And you can 0:14:18.400 --> 0:14:20.960 find that article, of course, on how staff Works. But 0:14:21.040 --> 0:14:22.920 I mean, maybe the t Rex did have a little 0:14:22.920 --> 0:14:26.120 bit of both. Yeah, I for one, I'm still gonna 0:14:26.240 --> 0:14:27.880 continue to put t Rex at the top of my 0:14:27.920 --> 0:14:31.080 list favorite dinosaur, top of your food chain. Robert, huh, 0:14:31.280 --> 0:14:33.560 yeah about you? Do you like the t rex? If 0:14:33.560 --> 0:14:35.440 this this has changed your view on him? I think 0:14:35.440 --> 0:14:37.160 the t rex is pretty cool. You're still sticking to 0:14:37.200 --> 0:14:40.960 that Bronosaurus it doesn't actually exist. I still do like 0:14:41.000 --> 0:14:44.320 the purple Bronosaurus a little bit. Ak If Windstones. If 0:14:44.320 --> 0:14:46.080 you have questions or you want to tell us about 0:14:46.080 --> 0:14:49.120 your favorite dinosaur, she just an email at science stuff 0:14:49.120 --> 0:14:51.520 at how staff works dot com and they, meantime check 0:14:51.520 --> 0:14:54.800 out some cool articles like our Komodo dragon's mouths deadlier 0:14:54.840 --> 0:14:58.960 than Cobra's venom or was Tyrannosaurus rex, a predator or scavenger. 0:14:59.240 --> 0:15:01.080 And you can also check got the blogs where you 0:15:01.120 --> 0:15:04.000 can read about everything from robot dogs to no tech science, 0:15:04.400 --> 0:15:06.080 and you can find that at the homepage and how 0:15:06.080 --> 0:15:08.960 stuff works dot com. That's all we got, Thanks for listening. 0:15:16.760 --> 0:15:19.200 For more on this and thousands of other topics, is 0:15:19.200 --> 0:15:22.680 it how stuff works dot com. 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