WEBVTT - Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa, the 'Scientific Swindler' 0:00:02.759 --> 0:00:06.400 Welcome to Criminalia, a production of Shonda Land Audio in 0:00:06.480 --> 0:00:16.240 partnership with I Heart Radio. Welcome to Criminalia. This season, 0:00:16.280 --> 0:00:19.400 we're talking about witchcraft and alchemy throughout the ages and 0:00:19.560 --> 0:00:22.080 what may or may not have become of those who 0:00:22.120 --> 0:00:26.479 practiced those arts. I'm Maria trem Marquis and I'm Holly Fry. 0:00:27.040 --> 0:00:30.040 Today we're going to talk about the first alchemist of 0:00:30.080 --> 0:00:37.000 the season, Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa. Heinrich was born on September six. 0:00:37.520 --> 0:00:40.800 It's believed he was born into a noble or once 0:00:40.880 --> 0:00:44.159 noble family. We do know that his father was a 0:00:44.200 --> 0:00:48.559 citizen of Cologne in Western Germany, but no information remains 0:00:48.640 --> 0:00:51.640 about his mother or any other members of his family. 0:00:52.600 --> 0:00:55.040 A bit about his personal life and then we'll get 0:00:55.040 --> 0:00:58.520 into his work. We do know that he married three times. 0:00:58.800 --> 0:01:01.840 He was married to his first wife in fifteen fourteen. 0:01:02.400 --> 0:01:07.480 She died shortly thereafter. Their son, born in fifteen fifteen, 0:01:07.520 --> 0:01:11.360 died in early childhood, so we can't confirm if mother 0:01:11.440 --> 0:01:14.119 and baby died in childbirth, but because of the dates 0:01:14.160 --> 0:01:19.319 of their death, that is something that we did immediately consider. Younger, older, richer, 0:01:19.400 --> 0:01:22.399 poor mother's all had a very high risk of dying 0:01:22.600 --> 0:01:25.000 while giving birth at this time, as well as any 0:01:25.040 --> 0:01:29.759 complications afterwards, and in one Heinrich married a second time, 0:01:29.880 --> 0:01:34.360 and that couple had six children. Seven years into their marriage, 0:01:34.680 --> 0:01:38.000 his wife died. He did get married again less than 0:01:38.040 --> 0:01:40.440 a year later, but the only thing we know about 0:01:40.480 --> 0:01:44.080 that union is that it was apparently an unhappy one. 0:01:45.240 --> 0:01:48.320 Heinrich was a German polly map. He was a lawyer, 0:01:48.800 --> 0:01:53.360 a physician, a theologian, a soldier or perhaps a mercenary 0:01:53.440 --> 0:01:56.600 of some sort, and he was also an alchemist. He 0:01:56.720 --> 0:02:00.760 was an influential and prolific occult writer and gained reputation 0:02:00.840 --> 0:02:08.160 as quote and occult philosopher. He's been described as an honest, fearless, 0:02:08.200 --> 0:02:13.480 and generous man, but somewhat ving glorious, whereby he himself 0:02:13.520 --> 0:02:18.000 several times spoiled his chances at success. Some considered him 0:02:18.040 --> 0:02:22.280 to be a scientific swindler. Heinrich attended the University of 0:02:22.360 --> 0:02:26.600 Cologne between four and fifteen o two. There he studied 0:02:26.639 --> 0:02:32.440 subjects including law, medicine, magic, sciences, and theology. He also 0:02:32.520 --> 0:02:37.480 began establishing personal relationships with other German humanists who shared 0:02:37.560 --> 0:02:41.440 his interest in ancient wisdom. Some sources suggest that he 0:02:41.520 --> 0:02:45.720 was inspired to found a secret society devoted to astrology 0:02:45.840 --> 0:02:50.160 and magic. Quote so requisite is the use of astrology 0:02:50.240 --> 0:02:53.080 to the arts of divination, as it were, the key 0:02:53.200 --> 0:02:56.600 that opens the door of all their mysteries, is something 0:02:56.600 --> 0:03:00.480 that he once wrote. He was a student and also 0:03:00.520 --> 0:03:03.560 a soldier, as we mentioned, and he served Maximilian, the 0:03:03.600 --> 0:03:07.320 first Holy Roman Emperor, for several years. He would go 0:03:07.360 --> 0:03:10.400 back and forth between academia and military service and led 0:03:10.440 --> 0:03:14.160 a fairly restless life across Europe, when you might call 0:03:14.200 --> 0:03:18.959 an intellectual journey. Much later after his death, some began 0:03:19.040 --> 0:03:22.160 to doubt his degree in medicine, as well as his 0:03:22.280 --> 0:03:26.120 advanced degrees in canon and civil law, but experts have 0:03:26.200 --> 0:03:29.440 suggested that it's likely he received these degrees during two 0:03:29.440 --> 0:03:32.560 periods of his life that we actually don't know much about, 0:03:33.160 --> 0:03:35.960 between the years fifteen o two and fifteen o seven, 0:03:36.400 --> 0:03:40.120 and again between fifteen eleven and fifteen eighteen, although in 0:03:40.240 --> 0:03:43.480 that latter period there's some speculation that he was serving 0:03:43.520 --> 0:03:48.320 military duty for Maximilian. It's unclear, but in this capacity 0:03:48.400 --> 0:03:50.880 Heinrich may have been working as a mercenary for the 0:03:50.920 --> 0:03:54.760 emperor or as a member of a paramilitary organization for 0:03:54.760 --> 0:03:59.920 the Crown. In fifteen ten in Wurtzburg, Heinrich met your 0:04:00.040 --> 0:04:04.360 honest Trithemius, the addict of St. Jacob's Monastery. It's written 0:04:04.360 --> 0:04:06.840 that this could have been the most important meeting of 0:04:06.920 --> 0:04:10.640 his life. That's because Johannes was the man who encouraged 0:04:10.720 --> 0:04:14.480 him to complete what is considered to be his greatest work, 0:04:14.840 --> 0:04:19.000 The Three Books of Occult Philosophy. Johannes's advised Heinrich quote 0:04:19.120 --> 0:04:23.000 not to imitate bullocks, but to emulate birds. The first 0:04:23.040 --> 0:04:27.159 draft was dedicated to him. This work, The Three Books 0:04:27.160 --> 0:04:30.960 of Occult Philosophy, was originally written in fifteen ten, but 0:04:31.040 --> 0:04:34.960 then substantially reworked by Heinrich and then finally published again 0:04:35.080 --> 0:04:38.559 in fifteen thirty three. It's considered one of the most 0:04:38.640 --> 0:04:42.080 famous writings about the idea of magic, and it relies 0:04:42.120 --> 0:04:47.240 heavily upon the tenets of Kabbalah, Hermeticism, and neo Platonism. 0:04:47.279 --> 0:04:50.880 He often wrote critically about the politics, culture, and religion 0:04:50.920 --> 0:04:54.279 of his time, and wrote that the ancient magic included 0:04:54.320 --> 0:04:59.120 in his writings could benefit humanity. His satirical writings addressed 0:04:59.160 --> 0:05:01.479 his views of the eight of science. In the fifteenth 0:05:01.480 --> 0:05:04.880 and sixteen centuries, and he became a major influence on 0:05:04.960 --> 0:05:10.159 philosophers Montaigne, Descartes and Geta. More than five hundred years later. 0:05:10.200 --> 0:05:13.560 Heinrich is considered one of the most influential occultists or 0:05:13.920 --> 0:05:17.440 occult philosophers, we should say, of the early modern period. 0:05:17.520 --> 0:05:20.320 But not everyone in his lifetime was pleased with his 0:05:20.440 --> 0:05:24.359 theories and experimentation. But three books of occult philosophy was 0:05:24.440 --> 0:05:27.919 condemned as heretical and blasphemous by the Inquisitor of Cologne 0:05:28.000 --> 0:05:32.360 and possibly the Dominican Inquisitor as well. The condemnation led 0:05:32.400 --> 0:05:37.080 to a suspension of his printing. Heresy does not have 0:05:37.279 --> 0:05:40.640 a complicated definition. If you are accused of it, it 0:05:40.680 --> 0:05:43.560 means very basically that you hold a belief with which 0:05:43.560 --> 0:05:47.039 the Church disagrees, and in the eyes of the Church, 0:05:47.200 --> 0:05:50.640 being condemned to heretic was analogous to being someone with 0:05:50.680 --> 0:05:54.400 a deadly contagious disease. To be branded one was to 0:05:54.480 --> 0:06:00.920 be banished, ostracized, and perhaps executed. Despite that position, or 0:06:01.000 --> 0:06:04.159 perhaps because of it, Heinrich's manuscript would go on to 0:06:04.240 --> 0:06:08.160 circulate for more than a century. We're going to take 0:06:08.200 --> 0:06:10.360 a quick break for a word from our sponsor, and 0:06:10.440 --> 0:06:14.440 when we return, we'll talk about heinrich celebrated work, the 0:06:14.560 --> 0:06:27.320 Three Books of Occult Philosophy. Welcome back to Criminalia. Let's 0:06:27.360 --> 0:06:31.880 talk more specifically about how Heinrich's works were denounced for heresy. 0:06:33.120 --> 0:06:37.560 Many alchemists, as well as naturalists and physicians, struggled with 0:06:37.640 --> 0:06:40.839 the ideas and the responsibilities that came with their attempts 0:06:40.880 --> 0:06:44.200 to understand the world around them. Heinrich thought and wrote 0:06:44.240 --> 0:06:47.640 about occult philosophy, which means he studied the hidden causes 0:06:47.680 --> 0:06:51.599 of things in their manipulation by magic. Magic he considered 0:06:52.120 --> 0:06:56.799 was the highest form and the end of philosophy. Hinrichs 0:06:56.880 --> 0:07:00.960 goal actually sounds pretty noble. In its ambition, he wanted 0:07:01.000 --> 0:07:05.920 to separate magic from baseless and irrational perception. In doing so, 0:07:06.040 --> 0:07:08.359 he believed it would make way for a restoration to 0:07:08.400 --> 0:07:11.880 the time before the fall of humans, and along with that, 0:07:12.040 --> 0:07:16.560 a reformation of Christianity. To that end, he wrote philosophical 0:07:16.640 --> 0:07:21.400 critiques of every science. He also penned a manuscript condemning 0:07:21.400 --> 0:07:25.000 the subordination of women, which was prevalent in theology, and 0:07:25.160 --> 0:07:28.840 in that manuscript he wrote, quote but to proceed as 0:07:28.880 --> 0:07:32.320 in order and place. So also in matter of her creation. 0:07:32.800 --> 0:07:37.000 Woman far excels man. Things received their value from the 0:07:37.040 --> 0:07:39.680 matter they are made of and the excellent skill of 0:07:39.720 --> 0:07:43.760 their maker. Pots of common clay must not contend with 0:07:43.880 --> 0:07:48.080 china dishes, nor pewter utensils via dignity with those of silver. 0:07:49.080 --> 0:07:52.440 Woman was not composed of any inanimate or vile dirt, 0:07:52.560 --> 0:07:56.480 but of a more refined and purified substance, enlivened and 0:07:56.560 --> 0:08:00.600 actuated by a rational soul whose operations speak it a 0:08:00.640 --> 0:08:05.120 beam or bright ray of divinity. His manuscript, The Three 0:08:05.120 --> 0:08:08.320 Books of Occult Philosophy, is divided into just as the 0:08:08.320 --> 0:08:13.280 title suggests, three parts, the natural world, the celestial world, 0:08:13.360 --> 0:08:17.000 and the divine world, and it methodically details and tries 0:08:17.040 --> 0:08:20.320 to explain the philosophy, logic, and methods of magic and 0:08:20.360 --> 0:08:24.880 astrology and how these concepts might work. So the basic 0:08:25.000 --> 0:08:29.000 idea in the three books was that God created several worlds, 0:08:29.120 --> 0:08:31.600 three of which were the domain of the elements, the 0:08:31.680 --> 0:08:34.559 heavenly world of the stars, and the realm of the angels. 0:08:34.720 --> 0:08:38.199 And at the center of these three worlds were humans, who, 0:08:38.360 --> 0:08:40.880 because of their place in the universe, had the ability 0:08:40.920 --> 0:08:45.559 to gain knowledge of pretty much everything, but true knowledge 0:08:45.640 --> 0:08:49.880 which could be found only in God's love. In fifteen 0:08:49.920 --> 0:08:54.400 eighteen or possibly fifteen twenty, Heinrich put his law degree 0:08:54.440 --> 0:08:57.680 to use as the defense attorney in a sorcery trial. 0:08:58.480 --> 0:09:01.600 This lines up with the very big of Europe's witch craze. 0:09:02.400 --> 0:09:05.880 After successfully defending the woman accused of being a witch, 0:09:06.360 --> 0:09:10.240 thus saving her from execution, the locals denounced him for 0:09:10.320 --> 0:09:14.320 defending a witch. Heinrich, as he did, moved on, and 0:09:14.400 --> 0:09:16.920 three years later he went on to put his medical 0:09:17.160 --> 0:09:20.599 degree to use and became a practicing physician in Switzerland 0:09:20.640 --> 0:09:24.440 between fifteen twenty three and fifteen twenty four. After fifteen 0:09:24.480 --> 0:09:27.880 twenty four, he left Switzerland for Francis, the First Court 0:09:28.000 --> 0:09:30.559 in France, where he became the personal physician to the 0:09:30.640 --> 0:09:34.720 Queen Mother as well as court astrologer. When the royals 0:09:34.760 --> 0:09:38.120 became hostile for him for his charged speeches, they stripped 0:09:38.160 --> 0:09:40.760 him of his pension and refused to allow him to 0:09:40.840 --> 0:09:44.400 leave the country. Four years later, in fifteen twenty eight, 0:09:44.440 --> 0:09:47.360 when he was allowed to leave, the Regent of the Netherlands, 0:09:47.480 --> 0:09:52.120 Margaret of Austria, requested that Heinrich become archivist and imperial 0:09:52.240 --> 0:09:56.720 historiographer to the Emperor Charles the fifth in Antwerp. Margaret 0:09:56.760 --> 0:09:59.640 also happened to be the daughter of Maximilian the First, 0:09:59.720 --> 0:10:02.320 and this is the same Maximilian we mentioned earlier in 0:10:02.320 --> 0:10:06.680 the episode when we talked about Heinrich's military career. Iric 0:10:06.720 --> 0:10:09.520 accepted Margaret's offer, and as you can see, we really 0:10:09.520 --> 0:10:13.320 weren't lying when we said he was restless. This new 0:10:13.360 --> 0:10:17.920 position afforded Heinrich the opportunity to return to writing and publishing. 0:10:18.559 --> 0:10:21.160 This is when he drafted, but did not finish, his 0:10:21.280 --> 0:10:24.719 now celebrated work, The Declamation on the Nobility and pre 0:10:24.800 --> 0:10:29.080 Eminence of the Female Six, that was published in fifty nine. 0:10:29.559 --> 0:10:32.760 Following that, his work on the Uncertainty and Vanity of 0:10:32.800 --> 0:10:36.520 the Arts and Sciences and Invective Declamation was printed in 0:10:36.520 --> 0:10:39.840 fifteen thirty and was considered to be quote a rigorous 0:10:39.880 --> 0:10:44.600 refutation of all products of human reason. It's considered one 0:10:44.600 --> 0:10:47.320 of the first testimonials to knowledge of the limits of 0:10:47.400 --> 0:10:51.920 human understanding and the uncertainty of human existence. He began 0:10:51.960 --> 0:10:55.000 to develop a reputation as a man who quote professed 0:10:55.040 --> 0:11:00.199 to overturn all the science. After Margaret's death, i Rick 0:11:00.240 --> 0:11:02.880 returned to France, but found there that he was now 0:11:03.000 --> 0:11:07.479 persecuted because of his writings and ideas. The Provincial superior 0:11:07.559 --> 0:11:14.760 for Burgundy denounced Heinrich as quote a dutyizing heretic. So 0:11:14.800 --> 0:11:17.080 we're gonna take a break for a word from our sponsor, 0:11:17.160 --> 0:11:19.600 and when we're back we'll talk about whether or not 0:11:19.679 --> 0:11:31.959 alchemy was a pseudo science. Welcome back to Criminalia. Let's 0:11:32.080 --> 0:11:35.480 wrap up with why alchemy is considered the father of 0:11:35.520 --> 0:11:38.840 what we know as chemistry and how Heinrich's legacy has 0:11:38.880 --> 0:11:43.240 lived on today. Many of us can be pretty quick 0:11:43.280 --> 0:11:46.760 to judge alchemy as pseudoscience, but in the last few 0:11:46.800 --> 0:11:51.920 decades scientists have learned that that's not completely true. European 0:11:51.960 --> 0:11:57.480 porcelain thank alchemy the basis for toxicology again the work 0:11:57.520 --> 0:12:02.000 of alchemists in general. Alchemists were looking for the connection 0:12:02.280 --> 0:12:06.440 among all things the planets, minerals, animals, the human body, 0:12:06.880 --> 0:12:09.880 signs of the zodiac, and the nine orders of angels. 0:12:10.480 --> 0:12:13.520 They believed that being able to manipulate these forces was 0:12:13.600 --> 0:12:18.160 white magic or natural magic. Black magic, in comparison, was 0:12:18.200 --> 0:12:21.280 believed to rely on the power of demons and the devil. 0:12:21.960 --> 0:12:25.320 There are names you'll recognize but not associate with the 0:12:25.320 --> 0:12:29.359 practice of alchemy. Or at least probably not. Thomas Aquinas, 0:12:29.400 --> 0:12:32.600 for instance, was an eminent theologian who was permitted to 0:12:32.640 --> 0:12:36.040 study alchemy before it was condemned by the Church. Roger 0:12:36.080 --> 0:12:39.720 Bacon was a medieval English philosopher and Franciscan friar who 0:12:39.800 --> 0:12:43.160 was the first European to describe the process for making gunpowder, 0:12:43.720 --> 0:12:47.480 a discovery made through his practice of alchemy. He also 0:12:47.520 --> 0:12:50.800 proposed some pretty far out contraptions in his time, including 0:12:50.840 --> 0:12:55.880 flying machines and motorized ships and carriages. In the sixteenth century, 0:12:55.920 --> 0:12:59.960 Paracelsis ideas about poisons led to the inclusion of chemistry 0:13:00.640 --> 0:13:04.920 into the practice of medicine. This may be a surprise 0:13:05.000 --> 0:13:09.640 to some. English physicist and mathematician Isaac Newton was also 0:13:09.800 --> 0:13:13.040 a practice or of the art of alchemy. Newton was 0:13:13.080 --> 0:13:16.200 working during the time when the ideas of science, superstition, 0:13:16.280 --> 0:13:20.720 and pseudoscience were being formulated, and historian and economist John 0:13:20.720 --> 0:13:23.920 Maynard Keynes noted that Newton was quote the last of 0:13:23.960 --> 0:13:28.439 the magicians when it comes to chemistry. Some alchemists were 0:13:28.480 --> 0:13:31.400 motivated by the search for the tincture they called the 0:13:31.400 --> 0:13:35.640 Philosopher's stone, which could turn base metals into man made 0:13:35.679 --> 0:13:39.240 gold as well as grant immortality. But there was a 0:13:39.240 --> 0:13:42.200 lot more to it than that. Alchemists were interested in 0:13:42.240 --> 0:13:46.800 a range of chemical technologies. Their work successes and failures 0:13:46.800 --> 0:13:52.360 both contributed to metallurgy, mining, pharmaceuticals, and medicine. The study 0:13:52.360 --> 0:13:55.360 of historical alchemists and their work continues to reveal the 0:13:55.520 --> 0:13:58.960 enormous complexity and diversity of its practice and why it 0:13:59.080 --> 0:14:02.079 was and is is important to human history, and it 0:14:02.160 --> 0:14:06.360 laid the foundation for what we now call chemistry. Heinrich 0:14:06.440 --> 0:14:09.320 believed that the way to truth didn't lay between different 0:14:09.360 --> 0:14:13.600 schools of thought or among philosophical distinctions, but rather than 0:14:13.679 --> 0:14:17.480 self knowledge and self awareness. His work focused on the 0:14:17.520 --> 0:14:22.200 study of occult sciences and teasing out solutions or possible solutions, 0:14:22.480 --> 0:14:27.160 to problematic theological questions. He was esteemed among his peers 0:14:27.160 --> 0:14:32.040 and scholars, but the attention he attracted from religious authorities 0:14:32.400 --> 0:14:35.720 was detrimental to his studies and to his writing. During 0:14:35.760 --> 0:14:39.800 his lifetime, Heinrich outraged the Church and was arrested, jailed, 0:14:39.800 --> 0:14:43.480 and denounced as a heritage. He also may have been 0:14:43.560 --> 0:14:46.400 arrested by Order of Francis the First for using some 0:14:46.480 --> 0:14:50.520 disparaging words about the Queen mother. That's really neither here 0:14:50.520 --> 0:14:54.280 nor there. There's not much evidence that Heinrich was seriously 0:14:54.400 --> 0:14:58.040 accused of practicing magical or occult parts, and we know 0:14:58.160 --> 0:15:00.800 for sure that he was not executed for tracy or 0:15:00.840 --> 0:15:04.720 any other crime. His life was riddled with financial hardship, 0:15:04.800 --> 0:15:08.240 and those monetary difficulties led to harassment food creditors, and 0:15:08.320 --> 0:15:11.200 he died in poverty at age forty eight. But left 0:15:11.280 --> 0:15:14.080 us with this wisdom that has lasted through the years. 0:15:14.920 --> 0:15:19.080 I confess that magic teacheth many superfluous things and curious 0:15:19.120 --> 0:15:22.560 prodigies for ostentation, leave them as empty things. Yet be 0:15:22.720 --> 0:15:26.080 not ignorant of their causes. But those things which are 0:15:26.120 --> 0:15:28.440 for the profit of men, for the turning away of 0:15:28.480 --> 0:15:31.720 evil events, for the destroying of sorceries, for the curing 0:15:31.760 --> 0:15:36.120 of diseases, for the exterminating of phantasms, for the preserving 0:15:36.280 --> 0:15:39.920 of life, honor, or fortune, may be done without offense 0:15:39.920 --> 0:15:43.080 to God or injury to religion, because they are as 0:15:43.080 --> 0:15:49.320 profitable so necessary. Heimrich has been memorialized in Christopher Marlowe's 0:15:49.320 --> 0:15:53.520 sixteenth century play The Tragical History of Dr Faustus, where 0:15:53.520 --> 0:15:57.360 Faustus proclaims he will become quote as cunning as Agrippa was. 0:15:58.200 --> 0:16:00.880 He also appears as a character in Mayor Shelley's novel 0:16:00.960 --> 0:16:05.120 Frankenstein and in her short story The Mortal Immortal. He 0:16:05.160 --> 0:16:08.880 continues to appear in novels today, and even appears in 0:16:08.920 --> 0:16:12.960 the video games Temple of Agrippa and Amnesia, The Dark Descent, 0:16:13.840 --> 0:16:17.120 And for all you Harry Potter fans, Heinrich lives on 0:16:17.240 --> 0:16:21.280 not just in science or with Frankenstein, but in Hollywood too. 0:16:22.040 --> 0:16:25.440 In the novel Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Ron 0:16:25.480 --> 0:16:29.520 Weasley says to Harry Potter, quote, chocolate frogs have cards 0:16:29.520 --> 0:16:33.200 inside them, you know, to collect famous witches and wizards. 0:16:33.640 --> 0:16:36.480 I've got about five hundred, but I haven't got Agrippa 0:16:36.600 --> 0:16:41.760 or Ptolemy. Heinrich's trading card reads celebrated wizard imprisoned by 0:16:41.840 --> 0:16:45.440 muggles for his writing because they thought his books were evil. 0:16:45.880 --> 0:16:56.320 That's kind of a perfect quote about him. For more perfect, 0:16:56.360 --> 0:16:59.080 hopefully things. Would you like to join me in the cauldron? 0:16:59.200 --> 0:17:02.360 I would love to. I hope there's something bubbly and tasty. 0:17:02.520 --> 0:17:07.040 There is something bubbly. It's like your psychic I might 0:17:07.040 --> 0:17:10.639 be okay. This also includes an ingredient we have not 0:17:10.760 --> 0:17:12.879 featured on the show before, and I've been wanting to 0:17:12.960 --> 0:17:16.360 kind of mess about with it, and then I happened 0:17:16.359 --> 0:17:18.960 to grab some recently on a trip to the Laker store. 0:17:19.080 --> 0:17:23.840 So the restless heretic. This first ingredient is not the 0:17:23.880 --> 0:17:26.320 thing I got from the Laker store. But it begins 0:17:26.920 --> 0:17:31.000 with a teaspoon of blueberry jam. If you are lucky 0:17:31.119 --> 0:17:33.880 like me, you have an amazing friend that makes jam 0:17:33.960 --> 0:17:36.520 every year, and since it is holiday gifts, and you 0:17:36.600 --> 0:17:41.359 have beautiful homemade blueberry jam. But if you don't, you 0:17:41.359 --> 0:17:44.400 can purchase it. Also, I should note if there's anybody 0:17:44.400 --> 0:17:48.560 out there of questionable taste who doesn't enjoy blueberries, you 0:17:48.560 --> 0:17:53.080 could sub it out, but why would you. The blueberries 0:17:53.160 --> 0:17:56.560 also give this drink an absolutely beautiful color. So to 0:17:56.840 --> 0:17:59.240 that one teaspoon of blueberry jam, you are going to 0:17:59.320 --> 0:18:02.280 add and I would put this in a shaker two 0:18:02.280 --> 0:18:09.240 ounces of honey mead, oh, and I would muddle it together, 0:18:09.400 --> 0:18:12.440 just stir it together with a spoon for a little while, 0:18:12.480 --> 0:18:13.720 and then I would give it a little bit of 0:18:13.720 --> 0:18:16.800 a shake because you want to really like dissolve the 0:18:16.800 --> 0:18:20.280 sugars of that jam. Now at this point, whether or 0:18:20.320 --> 0:18:23.760 not you strain it or not is up to you. 0:18:24.000 --> 0:18:26.800 I like leaving the little fruit bits in it because 0:18:26.800 --> 0:18:28.520 then when you get to the bottom of your glass, 0:18:28.520 --> 0:18:30.840 they've absorbed a lot of beautiful things because we're not 0:18:30.920 --> 0:18:34.320 done here, and they have this beautiful flavor, so you're 0:18:34.320 --> 0:18:38.400 gonna pour that into your glass. I would use my favorite, 0:18:38.960 --> 0:18:43.080 the chilled coope. I knew it because you're gonna add 0:18:43.080 --> 0:18:47.520 four ounces of champagne to the situation. Yeah, And I 0:18:47.560 --> 0:18:51.720 would use something with a little bit of sweetness to it, 0:18:51.760 --> 0:18:54.840 if you can. Whatever champagne has a night or sparkling 0:18:54.840 --> 0:18:57.080 wine you have that's a little bit sweeter and not 0:18:57.160 --> 0:19:00.919 quite as dry one. It's beautiful because it's got that, like, 0:19:01.240 --> 0:19:05.840 you know, purply bluey tone to it. Two it's got bubbles. 0:19:05.920 --> 0:19:09.640 And I don't know why, but when I think of alchemy, 0:19:09.800 --> 0:19:12.320 and particularly of course when I think of alchemy in France, 0:19:12.359 --> 0:19:14.520 I think of champagne and like this sense of like 0:19:15.000 --> 0:19:18.080 discovery and things happening, because as you said, alchemy is 0:19:18.800 --> 0:19:22.560 the basis of a lot of actual science that we 0:19:22.720 --> 0:19:26.399 use a need today. You know, it's funny. One of 0:19:26.400 --> 0:19:28.280 the first things that came to mind, and this This 0:19:28.440 --> 0:19:31.919 may age me, but I remember as a child watching 0:19:31.960 --> 0:19:34.040 the Smurfs, and there was Gargamel and he had his 0:19:34.119 --> 0:19:37.480 cat and he had his cauldron, and he, to me, 0:19:37.880 --> 0:19:43.959 was an alchemist. Girl, don't don't open the Pandora's box 0:19:44.720 --> 0:19:49.000 of my love of Smurfs. Okay, just I didn't know that. 0:19:50.480 --> 0:19:54.480 I will talk about jokey for a hundred years. You know, 0:19:54.560 --> 0:19:59.200 Smurf Fat became a blode through alchemy, but I believe 0:19:59.280 --> 0:20:04.960 she just became through alchemy, right, Yes, she was originally 0:20:05.000 --> 0:20:07.280 a brunette and then became a blonde. I liked her 0:20:07.359 --> 0:20:11.639 brunette kind of punky Vivyan Westwood look personally, but that 0:20:11.760 --> 0:20:15.040 is neither here nor there, because we're still talking about this. 0:20:15.119 --> 0:20:19.000 But I do want to note, as you you said, 0:20:19.280 --> 0:20:23.280 alchemy is this kind of like mess of crack pottery, 0:20:23.400 --> 0:20:27.399 And in fact, there were a lot of scientific concepts 0:20:27.520 --> 0:20:30.199 being seated there. They just kind of went down some 0:20:30.280 --> 0:20:35.600 paths that weren't necessarily always based in scientific truth. But 0:20:35.760 --> 0:20:38.280 that's how we figure stuff out. You try stuff and 0:20:38.280 --> 0:20:41.919 go oh no, no, that wasn't quite right, but this 0:20:42.080 --> 0:20:46.040 part of it was right, right, So yes, So that's 0:20:46.040 --> 0:20:48.480 why I wanted to include bubbles here I wanted. I've 0:20:48.480 --> 0:20:51.120 been wanting to include meat for a while, and meat 0:20:51.240 --> 0:20:55.359 is like an ancient drink. There are instances of references 0:20:55.359 --> 0:20:58.080 of it thousands of years back, so it also seemed 0:20:58.119 --> 0:21:00.680 like a good one to bring up here. We're talking 0:21:00.680 --> 0:21:04.159 about two alcohols that are low a b V, so 0:21:04.240 --> 0:21:07.639 it's not like a drink that is a mess. You 0:21:07.680 --> 0:21:09.760 could maybe have two of these if you are celebrating 0:21:09.800 --> 0:21:13.120 and not worry about getting completely and he breedd the 0:21:13.160 --> 0:21:18.480 mock tail for it is also amazing. It is five 0:21:18.520 --> 0:21:22.600 ounces of ginger ale an ounce of honey syrup. Again, 0:21:22.640 --> 0:21:24.800 I will say, not straight honey. You want to do 0:21:24.920 --> 0:21:27.959 half honey, half water and heat them up together so 0:21:28.000 --> 0:21:31.120 they blend, and then let it cool off, and that's 0:21:31.160 --> 0:21:33.399 your honey syrup, so it's thinner. And we'll combine with 0:21:33.440 --> 0:21:36.320 other things more easily, and then your teaspoon and blueberry 0:21:36.359 --> 0:21:38.240 jam and you can stir that all up however you 0:21:38.280 --> 0:21:42.440 Want's delicious. It is so delicious and so yummy. That's 0:21:42.440 --> 0:21:44.840 like a thing I'm going to make like as a 0:21:44.880 --> 0:21:48.680 breakfast drink. It's so yummy. I as I always say, 0:21:48.720 --> 0:21:51.040 I like to use a sugar free ginger ale because 0:21:51.040 --> 0:21:53.400 it makes it not as heavy employing. And then it's 0:21:53.440 --> 0:21:57.600 like a really bright, beautiful, slight fruity, but that honey 0:21:57.640 --> 0:22:01.840 gives it this nice earthy grounding roundness to it. Yum, 0:22:01.880 --> 0:22:07.720 and that is called the restless heretic. His his intellectual 0:22:07.800 --> 0:22:14.080 journey includes blueberry tom it does today what he ate 0:22:14.119 --> 0:22:17.119 for breakfast while he was wandering around Europe blueberry scrow 0:22:17.160 --> 0:22:21.600 in Europe exactly. Odds are good, and he was certainly 0:22:21.680 --> 0:22:25.240 in Champagne country by the time, and Mead was probably 0:22:25.280 --> 0:22:29.119 around wherever he went, of course, and I believe he 0:22:29.160 --> 0:22:31.320 was locked in France for a good four years, so 0:22:31.600 --> 0:22:34.840 I'm sure he would have appreciated this and worse places 0:22:34.920 --> 0:22:37.960 to be locked. That's actually so yeah, I am. I 0:22:38.000 --> 0:22:40.960 am quite delighted with how this one turned out because 0:22:41.000 --> 0:22:43.199 I have not played with Mead a whole lot in 0:22:43.320 --> 0:22:46.840 my life. I really want to do something with meat 0:22:46.880 --> 0:22:51.080 and culinary rosebuds soon. But we'll see what happens. That 0:22:51.119 --> 0:22:55.280 would I vote for that? Please do? Right? I still 0:22:55.320 --> 0:22:59.040 have plenty of that Mead left, so stay tuned. One 0:22:59.040 --> 0:23:01.159 never knows whe that might pop up or if it 0:23:01.200 --> 0:23:04.840 will even be. In seasons to come, we will be 0:23:04.920 --> 0:23:09.040 right back here next week with another alchemy or witchcraft 0:23:09.119 --> 0:23:12.520 story and another cocktail and mocktail, and we hope you 0:23:12.640 --> 0:23:24.399 join us here on Criminalia. Criminalia is a production of 0:23:24.400 --> 0:23:27.480 Shonda land Audio in partnership with I Heart Radio. For 0:23:27.640 --> 0:23:30.840 more podcasts from Shonda land Audio, please visit the I 0:23:30.920 --> 0:23:34.080 Heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to 0:23:34.119 --> 0:23:35.000 your favorite shows.