WEBVTT - Olympic Glory for a Princess

0:00:00.280 --> 0:00:04.640
<v Speaker 1>Welcome to Noble Blood, a production of iHeartRadio and Grim

0:00:04.640 --> 0:00:10.520
<v Speaker 1>and Mild from Aaron Manky. Listener Discretion advised one quick

0:00:10.560 --> 0:00:13.560
<v Speaker 1>announcement before we start today's podcast. If you are a

0:00:13.640 --> 0:00:16.919
<v Speaker 1>listener of the show, you might be interested in the

0:00:16.960 --> 0:00:19.560
<v Speaker 1>fact that I have a book coming out in May.

0:00:20.040 --> 0:00:23.920
<v Speaker 1>It's a book by sd Coverly, which is a pseudonym

0:00:24.200 --> 0:00:28.080
<v Speaker 1>very cleverly of my first initials transposed that I co

0:00:28.160 --> 0:00:30.319
<v Speaker 1>wrote with a friend of mine, and the book is

0:00:30.360 --> 0:00:34.480
<v Speaker 1>called The r Kane Arts. It's a dark academia sort

0:00:34.479 --> 0:00:39.640
<v Speaker 1>of romantic fantasy novel about magic and a graduate student

0:00:39.680 --> 0:00:43.520
<v Speaker 1>and a professor doing illegal secret magic. It's a really fun,

0:00:44.120 --> 0:00:47.720
<v Speaker 1>sexy adventure thriller time not for kids, which is also

0:00:47.800 --> 0:00:52.440
<v Speaker 1>part of the pseudonym explanation. But if you're a listener

0:00:52.440 --> 0:00:54.360
<v Speaker 1>of the show, I really think you would like it,

0:00:54.400 --> 0:00:57.040
<v Speaker 1>and if you're interested in it at all, I would

0:00:57.480 --> 0:01:00.680
<v Speaker 1>beg you, actually please to pre order it. Pre Orders

0:01:00.720 --> 0:01:03.160
<v Speaker 1>are the number one way you can support an author.

0:01:03.640 --> 0:01:07.320
<v Speaker 1>If you have friends writing books, really forego their Christmas

0:01:07.360 --> 0:01:10.440
<v Speaker 1>and Birthday and anniversary gifts just pre order their books.

0:01:10.760 --> 0:01:13.360
<v Speaker 2>So look it up. The Arcane Arts. It's in the

0:01:13.400 --> 0:01:17.600
<v Speaker 2>episode description a link and if you're interested, please preorder.

0:01:18.160 --> 0:01:25.360
<v Speaker 2>Thank you so much. In twenty thirteen, Queen Elizabeth the

0:01:25.440 --> 0:01:30.840
<v Speaker 2>Second of England achieved a major coup at the Royal Ascot.

0:01:30.920 --> 0:01:34.640
<v Speaker 2>She won the Gold Cup with her horse, whose name,

0:01:34.680 --> 0:01:40.440
<v Speaker 2>in fittingly nonsensical fancy horse fashion, was named Estimate. The

0:01:40.560 --> 0:01:44.840
<v Speaker 2>Royal Ascot consists of many different horse races, but the

0:01:44.880 --> 0:01:49.040
<v Speaker 2>Golden Cup is the oldest and arguably the most prestigious,

0:01:49.560 --> 0:01:54.600
<v Speaker 2>so winning was certainly a feather in Queen Elizabeth's well structured,

0:01:54.720 --> 0:01:58.640
<v Speaker 2>pastel colored hat, but it's not the only race her

0:01:58.680 --> 0:02:02.680
<v Speaker 2>horses have won. Queen Elizabeth's horses have given her over

0:02:02.800 --> 0:02:07.840
<v Speaker 2>two dozen Royal Ascot victories across decades, from a horse

0:02:07.960 --> 0:02:12.000
<v Speaker 2>named Choirboy in nineteen fifty three to more recently a

0:02:12.040 --> 0:02:18.239
<v Speaker 2>horse named Tactical in twenty twenty. Queen Elizabeth the Second's daughter,

0:02:18.520 --> 0:02:23.720
<v Speaker 2>Princess Anne, shared the late Queen's interest in horses. In

0:02:23.800 --> 0:02:28.760
<v Speaker 2>nineteen seventy six, Princess Anne actually competed at the Olympics

0:02:28.800 --> 0:02:34.160
<v Speaker 2>in Montreal in the equestrian events. Unfortunately for Princess Anne,

0:02:34.560 --> 0:02:38.320
<v Speaker 2>though she came in seventh in dressage. During the cross

0:02:38.480 --> 0:02:41.800
<v Speaker 2>country event on the second day, of the equestrian competition.

0:02:42.320 --> 0:02:46.520
<v Speaker 2>Her horse got bogged in mud and fell with Anne

0:02:46.600 --> 0:02:50.919
<v Speaker 2>riding him after hitting a fence. Anne suffered a concussion,

0:02:51.360 --> 0:02:54.280
<v Speaker 2>but they managed to finish the course, albeit with no

0:02:54.480 --> 0:02:58.640
<v Speaker 2>hopes of making it to the podium. Even so, I

0:02:58.680 --> 0:03:02.880
<v Speaker 2>think you'll agree there's still something dazzling about a princess

0:03:03.000 --> 0:03:07.480
<v Speaker 2>at the Olympics, romantic even But would you believe me

0:03:07.680 --> 0:03:11.400
<v Speaker 2>if I told you that Princess Anne wasn't actually the

0:03:11.480 --> 0:03:16.200
<v Speaker 2>first princess to compete in those prestigious games. In fact,

0:03:16.520 --> 0:03:19.960
<v Speaker 2>someone had beaten her to it by more than one

0:03:20.040 --> 0:03:29.760
<v Speaker 2>thousand years. I'm Danish Schwartz, and this is noble blood.

0:03:32.160 --> 0:03:36.960
<v Speaker 2>The Olympics as they exist today, literally today in Italy

0:03:37.000 --> 0:03:42.160
<v Speaker 2>as I record this podcast, are actually relatively more modern

0:03:42.360 --> 0:03:45.760
<v Speaker 2>than you might think. The Olympics as we know them

0:03:45.920 --> 0:03:50.280
<v Speaker 2>only came about in eighteen ninety six, but a lot

0:03:50.320 --> 0:03:53.480
<v Speaker 2>of the imagery, like the Laura leaves that are used

0:03:53.480 --> 0:03:56.040
<v Speaker 2>now on the medals, and a lot of the events

0:03:56.320 --> 0:04:01.760
<v Speaker 2>purposefully harken back to the ancient Olympics in Greece. Incidentally,

0:04:01.800 --> 0:04:05.040
<v Speaker 2>in order to pay respect to that, Greece is always

0:04:05.040 --> 0:04:08.200
<v Speaker 2>allowed to go first in the procession of countries during

0:04:08.240 --> 0:04:12.400
<v Speaker 2>the opening ceremony, while everyone else mostly goes in alphabetical order.

0:04:13.440 --> 0:04:17.719
<v Speaker 2>The ancient Olympics date back to seven hundred and seventy

0:04:17.800 --> 0:04:23.239
<v Speaker 2>six BC, when we have the first recorded victor, Kuoibos

0:04:23.240 --> 0:04:27.599
<v Speaker 2>of Ellis, who won a foot race. Technically, the entire

0:04:27.680 --> 0:04:32.320
<v Speaker 2>competition was known as the pan Hellenic Games, with festivals

0:04:32.320 --> 0:04:37.159
<v Speaker 2>taking place at multiple locations around Greece, but the largest

0:04:37.240 --> 0:04:43.800
<v Speaker 2>and most prestigious competition was at Olympia, the Olympics honoring Zeus.

0:04:44.600 --> 0:04:47.839
<v Speaker 2>It was the festival at Olympia that took place every

0:04:48.000 --> 0:04:52.120
<v Speaker 2>four years, with the other games at Isthmius, Nemea and

0:04:52.279 --> 0:04:57.719
<v Speaker 2>Delphi held in between. The pan Hellenic Games continued for

0:04:57.839 --> 0:05:02.400
<v Speaker 2>a millennia, even through the second century. After Greece came

0:05:02.480 --> 0:05:07.120
<v Speaker 2>under Roman rule in three hundred and seventy three, the

0:05:07.240 --> 0:05:12.279
<v Speaker 2>Roman emperor Theodosius the First banned the festivals as pagan,

0:05:12.800 --> 0:05:17.200
<v Speaker 2>but inscriptions and literary sources indicate that the games continued

0:05:17.240 --> 0:05:21.320
<v Speaker 2>on into the early fifth century, and it truly was

0:05:21.480 --> 0:05:26.880
<v Speaker 2>a pan Hellenic event, uniting people from various city states

0:05:26.920 --> 0:05:30.159
<v Speaker 2>and athletes from all over the Greek Empire. Since the

0:05:30.200 --> 0:05:34.760
<v Speaker 2>competition was open to all free born Greeks, whether they

0:05:34.800 --> 0:05:40.280
<v Speaker 2>be Athenian, Corinthian, Spartan, what have you. But it's Sparta

0:05:40.440 --> 0:05:48.280
<v Speaker 2>that were actually most interested in today, particularly one Spartan athlete, Siniska,

0:05:48.600 --> 0:05:51.920
<v Speaker 2>a princess who became the first woman to ever win

0:05:52.120 --> 0:05:57.919
<v Speaker 2>at the Olympic Games. Unfortunately, as is the case for

0:05:58.080 --> 0:06:01.039
<v Speaker 2>a lot of women in ancient history, much of what

0:06:01.120 --> 0:06:04.800
<v Speaker 2>we know about Siniska's life comes from filling in the

0:06:04.880 --> 0:06:09.559
<v Speaker 2>empty spaces in the stories of the men in her life.

0:06:09.600 --> 0:06:13.320
<v Speaker 2>Her father was King Arkademus, the second of Sparta, and

0:06:13.640 --> 0:06:17.479
<v Speaker 2>she was likely born around four hundred and forty BC.

0:06:18.240 --> 0:06:22.839
<v Speaker 2>We're not even certain that Siniska's real name was actually Siniska.

0:06:23.320 --> 0:06:27.719
<v Speaker 2>It's possible it was a nickname. Its translation is like

0:06:27.880 --> 0:06:32.560
<v Speaker 2>female puppy or little hound, and it's likely the feminization

0:06:32.800 --> 0:06:38.160
<v Speaker 2>of her grandfather's nickname, which had been Siniskos. If Siniska

0:06:38.200 --> 0:06:41.479
<v Speaker 2>was a nickname, it probably communicated that she was a

0:06:41.560 --> 0:06:47.159
<v Speaker 2>sporty and athletic girl who enjoyed hunting. And though as

0:06:47.360 --> 0:06:50.000
<v Speaker 2>daughter of a king she was certainly born into a

0:06:50.000 --> 0:06:56.359
<v Speaker 2>position of exceptional privilege, Spartan women were actually comparatively given

0:06:56.400 --> 0:07:01.600
<v Speaker 2>more freedom than their Athenian counterparts. Spartan women could legally

0:07:01.680 --> 0:07:06.440
<v Speaker 2>own and inherit property, and from anecdotes about Spartan soldiers

0:07:06.480 --> 0:07:10.160
<v Speaker 2>receiving letters from their mothers, we can infer that women

0:07:10.240 --> 0:07:13.760
<v Speaker 2>could read and write. A lot of what we know

0:07:13.960 --> 0:07:18.880
<v Speaker 2>about Spartan women comes from people in other places writing

0:07:18.920 --> 0:07:24.680
<v Speaker 2>about them from the outside. Their reputation was as promiscuous

0:07:24.720 --> 0:07:31.360
<v Speaker 2>and domineering, loud, dominant sexual. The poet Prepacious wrote about

0:07:31.400 --> 0:07:34.720
<v Speaker 2>how much he wished his own mistress felt free to

0:07:34.880 --> 0:07:37.920
<v Speaker 2>openly live with him, like a Spartan woman who would

0:07:37.920 --> 0:07:41.760
<v Speaker 2>walk out in public with her lover. And as you

0:07:41.880 --> 0:07:46.360
<v Speaker 2>might imagine from what ideas you have about Sparta, maybe

0:07:46.360 --> 0:07:49.480
<v Speaker 2>from a film and the fact that this episode is

0:07:49.520 --> 0:07:54.480
<v Speaker 2>about the Olympics, Spartan women were also quite athletic. Young

0:07:54.720 --> 0:07:59.440
<v Speaker 2>men in Sparta were required to train in state sponsored

0:07:59.480 --> 0:08:04.240
<v Speaker 2>athletic programs. It's very possible that there were similar programs

0:08:04.280 --> 0:08:08.239
<v Speaker 2>in place for young women, though they wouldn't be training

0:08:08.320 --> 0:08:12.360
<v Speaker 2>in combat. There were laws requiring women to be quote

0:08:12.440 --> 0:08:17.160
<v Speaker 2>fit as their brothers, and young unmarried women could be

0:08:17.320 --> 0:08:21.840
<v Speaker 2>horseback riding, wrestling, running, and doing what we consider to

0:08:21.880 --> 0:08:26.680
<v Speaker 2>be track and field events. Of course, all that gallivanting

0:08:26.760 --> 0:08:30.760
<v Speaker 2>around stops when you get married. But while other young

0:08:30.840 --> 0:08:34.479
<v Speaker 2>women in Greek city states might get married around fourteen,

0:08:34.880 --> 0:08:38.680
<v Speaker 2>almost certainly to someone much older, young women in Sparta

0:08:38.760 --> 0:08:43.280
<v Speaker 2>were getting married around eighteen or later to men around

0:08:43.360 --> 0:08:48.080
<v Speaker 2>their age. But before we start imagining Sparta as some

0:08:48.320 --> 0:08:53.959
<v Speaker 2>comparatively feminist paradise, it's important to remember the only reason

0:08:54.200 --> 0:08:58.439
<v Speaker 2>young Spartan women were free from the confines of domestic

0:08:58.520 --> 0:09:03.200
<v Speaker 2>labor in the way they're say Athenian counterparts weren't was

0:09:03.280 --> 0:09:08.920
<v Speaker 2>because Sparta had a robust system of slavery where most

0:09:09.040 --> 0:09:13.840
<v Speaker 2>of the population was enslaved. So when we're talking about

0:09:14.000 --> 0:09:18.199
<v Speaker 2>Spartan women, most people aren't thinking of the many, many

0:09:18.520 --> 0:09:23.720
<v Speaker 2>women in Sparta who were quite literally enslaved and had

0:09:24.000 --> 0:09:27.600
<v Speaker 2>none of the freedoms we're talking about. But we can

0:09:27.640 --> 0:09:31.440
<v Speaker 2>imagine that Siniska, as a free woman whose father was

0:09:31.520 --> 0:09:34.960
<v Speaker 2>king and whose brothers would be kings after him, grew

0:09:35.080 --> 0:09:40.680
<v Speaker 2>up privileged, active athletic, running around and competing alongside other

0:09:40.760 --> 0:09:45.240
<v Speaker 2>young women with the relative freedom that came from not

0:09:45.440 --> 0:09:50.479
<v Speaker 2>needing to marry extremely young. But Siniska wanted to compete

0:09:50.600 --> 0:09:57.839
<v Speaker 2>on a bigger stage. Siniska might have been a Spartan

0:09:58.000 --> 0:10:01.600
<v Speaker 2>woman but she was still a woman, which meant that

0:10:01.640 --> 0:10:05.880
<v Speaker 2>she wouldn't actually be allowed to compete in the Olympics.

0:10:06.360 --> 0:10:10.400
<v Speaker 2>There's actually a pretty healthy debate among historians today still

0:10:10.800 --> 0:10:14.280
<v Speaker 2>about whether or not women were even allowed to attend

0:10:14.480 --> 0:10:18.840
<v Speaker 2>the Olympic Festival at all, even as spectators. But there

0:10:19.080 --> 0:10:24.720
<v Speaker 2>was a loophole for Seniska. Women could technically compete in

0:10:24.760 --> 0:10:28.560
<v Speaker 2>the Olympics. In the chariot races. They couldn't be the

0:10:28.600 --> 0:10:32.080
<v Speaker 2>ones driving the chariots, but they could be the ones

0:10:32.120 --> 0:10:36.680
<v Speaker 2>who owned and trained the horses, And in the chariot races,

0:10:36.720 --> 0:10:39.960
<v Speaker 2>the person who owned and trained the horses was the

0:10:40.040 --> 0:10:45.600
<v Speaker 2>actual competitor. Why did Siniska enter the Olympics, Well, according

0:10:45.640 --> 0:10:49.240
<v Speaker 2>to some sources, she was encouraged to compete by her brother,

0:10:49.679 --> 0:10:54.040
<v Speaker 2>the future King A Jesselis the Second. It seems like

0:10:54.080 --> 0:10:57.960
<v Speaker 2>a nice, encouraging brotherly thing to do, but according to

0:10:58.320 --> 0:11:03.400
<v Speaker 2>some contemporary sources, A Jesseleis was actually a sporting purist

0:11:03.760 --> 0:11:07.400
<v Speaker 2>who thought that chariot racing as an Olympic event was

0:11:07.520 --> 0:11:12.200
<v Speaker 2>fundamentally unmanly and only showed off how wealthy someone was.

0:11:12.800 --> 0:11:15.920
<v Speaker 2>Winning just because you were able to own and train

0:11:16.240 --> 0:11:21.600
<v Speaker 2>fast horses was quote victory without merit, and so, according

0:11:21.640 --> 0:11:25.599
<v Speaker 2>to some, he encouraged his sister to enter the competition

0:11:26.080 --> 0:11:28.960
<v Speaker 2>in order to prove that the entire thing was a

0:11:29.080 --> 0:11:32.760
<v Speaker 2>sham to shame any men who might want to compete.

0:11:33.400 --> 0:11:36.640
<v Speaker 2>After all, how legitimate could their sport be if a

0:11:36.679 --> 0:11:40.439
<v Speaker 2>mere woman might be able to win? But we have

0:11:40.559 --> 0:11:43.960
<v Speaker 2>to take those accounts with a grain of salt. The

0:11:44.000 --> 0:11:47.640
<v Speaker 2>writers almost certainly had their own agendas, and in my

0:11:47.920 --> 0:11:52.240
<v Speaker 2>personal opinion, that seems like the sort of post hawk

0:11:52.440 --> 0:11:57.240
<v Speaker 2>anecdote designed to make a Jesseleis look manly and clever

0:11:57.480 --> 0:12:02.160
<v Speaker 2>after the fact, because it truth. After Siniska won, he

0:12:02.280 --> 0:12:06.400
<v Speaker 2>certainly didn't do a see girl stink victory lap. She

0:12:06.800 --> 0:12:10.960
<v Speaker 2>became famous and honored and made their family all the

0:12:11.040 --> 0:12:15.000
<v Speaker 2>more famous and acclaimed. If he did convince her to

0:12:15.160 --> 0:12:19.439
<v Speaker 2>enter the chariot race, it's distinctly possible he just believed

0:12:19.480 --> 0:12:23.040
<v Speaker 2>in his sister, wanted her to win, and wanted to

0:12:23.280 --> 0:12:27.560
<v Speaker 2>use an Olympic champion sister to bolster up his own

0:12:27.640 --> 0:12:32.480
<v Speaker 2>career in politics. Whatever the motivation, in three hundred and

0:12:32.600 --> 0:12:37.320
<v Speaker 2>ninety six BC, Siniska entered the Olympic competition with a

0:12:37.360 --> 0:12:41.560
<v Speaker 2>team of four horses that she had trained herself. She won.

0:12:42.520 --> 0:12:45.880
<v Speaker 2>Four years later, in three hundred and ninety two, she

0:12:46.160 --> 0:12:51.160
<v Speaker 2>entered again second time, and again came in first place.

0:12:52.280 --> 0:12:55.640
<v Speaker 2>Historians aren't sure whether she was actually even allowed to

0:12:55.640 --> 0:12:59.240
<v Speaker 2>be present at the Olympic event where she won. As

0:12:59.280 --> 0:13:02.920
<v Speaker 2>I mentioned early, there's still a healthy scholarly debate about

0:13:03.200 --> 0:13:07.160
<v Speaker 2>whether women or maybe unmarried girls, were allowed to attend

0:13:07.200 --> 0:13:12.360
<v Speaker 2>the Olympics. But when she did, and in order to

0:13:12.480 --> 0:13:17.840
<v Speaker 2>commemorate her victory, Siniska commissioned a set of bronze statues

0:13:18.200 --> 0:13:22.440
<v Speaker 2>for the Temple of Zeus in Olympia, statues of herself,

0:13:22.760 --> 0:13:26.800
<v Speaker 2>her charioteer, and the horses that ran them to victory.

0:13:27.920 --> 0:13:32.440
<v Speaker 2>She accompanied the statues with a plinth and an inscription quote,

0:13:33.040 --> 0:13:37.839
<v Speaker 2>Kings of Sparta are my father and brothers. I Siniska,

0:13:37.920 --> 0:13:42.599
<v Speaker 2>victorious with a chariot of swift footed horses, have erected

0:13:42.720 --> 0:13:47.640
<v Speaker 2>this statue. I declare myself the only woman in all

0:13:47.880 --> 0:13:53.200
<v Speaker 2>Hellas to have won this crown. A monument commemorating her

0:13:53.280 --> 0:13:57.440
<v Speaker 2>victory with the same inscription was erected in Sparta, and

0:13:57.559 --> 0:14:01.080
<v Speaker 2>though the hero Shrine at the Planetree Grove in Sparta

0:14:01.200 --> 0:14:05.880
<v Speaker 2>had previously only ever been an honor granted to Spartan men,

0:14:06.120 --> 0:14:10.840
<v Speaker 2>mostly kings. Siniska became the first woman to receive that

0:14:11.040 --> 0:14:16.559
<v Speaker 2>honor too. It's a legacy that proves that when Siniska

0:14:16.600 --> 0:14:21.880
<v Speaker 2>achieved victory at the Olympics, just like today, her countrymen

0:14:22.080 --> 0:14:34.200
<v Speaker 2>back home were extremely proud of her. That's the story

0:14:34.240 --> 0:14:37.680
<v Speaker 2>of Siniska, the first woman to ever win at the Olympics.

0:14:38.400 --> 0:14:41.400
<v Speaker 2>But keep listening after a brief sponsor break, to hear

0:14:41.560 --> 0:14:45.320
<v Speaker 2>a little bit more about what made the ancient Olympics special.

0:14:55.320 --> 0:14:59.800
<v Speaker 2>It's a commonly repeated misconception that during the ancient Olympics

0:15:00.240 --> 0:15:04.360
<v Speaker 2>everyone called off their wars. It's not quite true. Not

0:15:04.520 --> 0:15:07.680
<v Speaker 2>even the promise of a fun discus event could stop

0:15:07.720 --> 0:15:12.360
<v Speaker 2>warfare in the ancient world. But the Olympic Truce was

0:15:12.600 --> 0:15:18.600
<v Speaker 2>a real thing. The truce or Ekkyria translates to the

0:15:18.680 --> 0:15:22.560
<v Speaker 2>holding of hands, and it was inscribed on a bronze

0:15:22.720 --> 0:15:27.760
<v Speaker 2>disc displayed at Olympia. As I said, it didn't necessarily

0:15:27.920 --> 0:15:32.320
<v Speaker 2>mean that the countries themselves weren't fighting. That might have

0:15:32.400 --> 0:15:36.280
<v Speaker 2>been the idea promoting peace among the Greeks. But what

0:15:36.440 --> 0:15:40.960
<v Speaker 2>the Olympic Truce really did was served to protect athletes

0:15:41.080 --> 0:15:45.120
<v Speaker 2>and religious pilgrims who were making their way to Olympia

0:15:45.160 --> 0:15:49.160
<v Speaker 2>to compete or to watch whether they were traveling through

0:15:49.360 --> 0:15:54.600
<v Speaker 2>enemy territories or war zones. If someone was coming production,

0:15:54.840 --> 0:15:58.360
<v Speaker 2>I admitted to traveling and grim and mild from Aaron Manky.

0:15:59.000 --> 0:16:02.840
<v Speaker 2>Noble Blood is hosted by me Dana Schwartz, with additional

0:16:02.880 --> 0:16:07.600
<v Speaker 2>writing and research by Hannah Johnston, Hannahswick, Courtney Sender, Amy

0:16:07.680 --> 0:16:11.800
<v Speaker 2>Hit and Julia Milani. The show is edited and produced

0:16:11.880 --> 0:16:17.000
<v Speaker 2>by Jesse Funk, with supervising producer rima il KLi and

0:16:17.160 --> 0:16:21.640
<v Speaker 2>executive producers Aaron Manke, Trevor Young, and Matt Frederick. For

0:16:21.720 --> 0:16:27.280
<v Speaker 2>more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts,

0:16:27.400 --> 0:17:04.080
<v Speaker 2>or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.