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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you Should Know from how Stuff Works

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Speaker 1: dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark,

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Speaker 1: and there's Charles W. Chuck Bryant, there's Jerry over there.

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Speaker 1: So this is Stuff you should know. Military edition actually

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Speaker 1: more bureaucracy edition than anything else. Yeah, and I found this,

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Speaker 1: uh for a bureaucratic episode. I found it way more

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Speaker 1: interesting than I thought I would. Those usually turn out

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Speaker 1: to be more interesting than you'd think. You know, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I can't think of one that we've done bureaucracy in

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Speaker 1: the bureaucracy suite that wasn't like, this is surprisingly interesting. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: this is this is pretty good. Yeah, agreed. Because I

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Speaker 1: registered for the Selective Service, as did you, I assume,

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Speaker 1: oh yeah, unless you're you've been dodging all these years.

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Speaker 1: I finally made it, but I never really gave it

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Speaker 1: much thought because dudes like you and I in today's

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Speaker 1: modern era don't really you know. When I registered, I

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Speaker 1: was like, yeah, whatever, this will probably mean nothing, but

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Speaker 1: it's really interesting when you dig into it and what

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Speaker 1: it could have met or could mean. When I registered,

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Speaker 1: I was like wait, what what my what's going on here? Again?

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Speaker 1: And my dad was like just just do it. It's fine.

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Speaker 1: You'll get in trouble if you don't. I was like, Oh,

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Speaker 1: I don't want to get in trouble. Was your dad

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Speaker 1: in the military. Yeah, he was their force during Vietnam,

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Speaker 1: right before Vietnam, because my dad did not go to Vietnam,

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Speaker 1: and I think I always felt weird about it. He

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Speaker 1: would never talk to me about that, but that's the

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Speaker 1: sense that I got. Did you grow up in Canada

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Speaker 1: for like the first part of your life or anything. No,

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Speaker 1: but he was and as you'll find out throughout the

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Speaker 1: course of this episode about the various deferments and exceptions

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Speaker 1: and things, he was a lone breadwinner for a family

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Speaker 1: of one and then two and eventually three in college

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Speaker 1: studying to be a teacher, so he had a lot

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Speaker 1: of he checked a lot of boxes that will get

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Speaker 1: you out of the war. Right, Well, they probably talked

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Speaker 1: him out of there, like, buddy, your life's hard enough

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Speaker 1: as it is. Yeah, maybe that that would be a

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Speaker 1: hardship deferment. Right. Well, I guess it depends, because teachers

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Speaker 1: were something, as we'll learn later in the show, we're

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Speaker 1: very very much valued. Oh yeah, and if you were

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Speaker 1: in college and if you were the bread winner of

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Speaker 1: a family, so he had a he had a few

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Speaker 1: things going in his favor. I guess if you're looking

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Speaker 1: to not go to war, Yeah, all he had to

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Speaker 1: be was a non US citizen living in the United States,

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Speaker 1: from a country with a treaty with the US, who

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Speaker 1: was also morally opposed to the war, and with a

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Speaker 1: criminal record. That'd be about it. He might have been

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Speaker 1: a little too old, actually too now that I think

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Speaker 1: about it. I mean he could have been if he

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Speaker 1: was in grad was at grad school. I think he

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Speaker 1: was in grad school. Yeah, he might have been, because

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Speaker 1: I think it was back then we're talking now. I'm

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Speaker 1: I think it was eighteen to twenty five, is what

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Speaker 1: it was. Yeah, so yeah, he could have been beyond that. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: then all those boxes were checked. I think he probably was.

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Speaker 1: So in case you guys didn't pick up on this yet,

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Speaker 1: we're talking about the draft. That's what it's called in America.

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Speaker 1: But America's far from the only country that's ever had

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Speaker 1: a draft. It's actually pretty old concept um dating back

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Speaker 1: as far I think I've seen as far back is

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Speaker 1: like the second century BC China. Um. I think the

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Speaker 1: king dynasty or ging. How do you pronounce it with

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Speaker 1: the q. I think I would have looked that up.

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Speaker 1: I think it's how do you spell it jing? Q

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Speaker 1: q i n g q i n g, Well the jing,

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Speaker 1: I think it's jing. I think so anyway, one of

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Speaker 1: the dynasty's towards the second century BC, China had conscription,

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Speaker 1: and it's I think just about every civilization UM with

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Speaker 1: a military said oh, that's a pretty good idea, let's

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Speaker 1: try that. So basically everybody's tried it from time to time,

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Speaker 1: and the US has had drafts multiple times, some a war,

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Speaker 1: but the North and the South had drafts. Um in

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Speaker 1: the I think the War of eighteen twelve, there's even one. Um,

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Speaker 1: the First World War there's a draft. Second World War

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Speaker 1: there's a draft. And then most recently, the draft was

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Speaker 1: in Vietnam from nineteen sixty one to nineteen seventy three.

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Speaker 1: I think, right, yeah, and we'll get to the h

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Speaker 1: Did you read that New York Times article that I sent?

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Speaker 1: Oh boy, that was a good one. Well, we'll get

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Speaker 1: to the ins and outs a little bit at the

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Speaker 1: end with that article. But um, prior to Vietnam, the

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Speaker 1: draft had generally been a sort of roundly accepted kind

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Speaker 1: of uh good thing to most people. So it really

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Speaker 1: wasn't until Vietnam where we found ourselves with a lot

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Speaker 1: of different social forces meeting up with the war that

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Speaker 1: a lot of people didn't believe in. Is where we

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Speaker 1: had a sort of our first big backlash against the

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Speaker 1: idea of a draft. That was where I I mean,

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Speaker 1: that's if the wards just being utterly unpopular almost across

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Speaker 1: the board, is is where I saw was the big

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Speaker 1: reason why, um, the resistance to the draft first began

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Speaker 1: because of Vietnam. Up to that point, wars were generally

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Speaker 1: popular among the majority of Americans. Yeah, and we also

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Speaker 1: need to shout out one Genghis Khan or Chenghis or

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Speaker 1: Chengis Kane because I think we mentioned in that episode

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Speaker 1: that he he used to draft, right kind of. I

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Speaker 1: think that was more like a join me or die

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Speaker 1: kind of thing, which I guess I guess that qualifies

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Speaker 1: as conscription. Well in America's join me or go to jail.

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Speaker 1: So yeah, it's close. Yeah, it's it's close. So yeah,

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Speaker 1: you're right, Um, he definitely had that. And he's actually

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Speaker 1: the tie that binds this episode and the next one too, Uh,

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Speaker 1: the one on the Pony Express because he had a

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Speaker 1: fast male service on horseback. Remember, Yeah, And it's probably

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Speaker 1: not fair to say that he had a draft, because

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Speaker 1: you're right. It was more just like come aboard or

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Speaker 1: i'll have your head, right, But I did want to

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Speaker 1: mention that he There was another movie that we missed.

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Speaker 1: There was a movie not too long ago called Mongol. Oh. Yes,

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Speaker 1: supposedly it was like a good one with a legitimately

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Speaker 1: good actor in there. Yeah, it was a weird They

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Speaker 1: covered it on the Friendly Fire Movie podcast that I

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Speaker 1: listened to, and it's, um, supposedly pretty good. I want

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Speaker 1: to check it out. It was like a weird like

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Speaker 1: a Russian slash Kazakhstani production that did feature Asian actors,

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Speaker 1: only produced by Baratt. I don't know, but it was

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Speaker 1: supposed to be pretty good. I'll check it out. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I don't want to see it too. Is it on

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Speaker 1: Netflix or Prime? I don't know about that. Oh, by

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Speaker 1: the way, Chuck, I feel so missed. Happy Prime Day?

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Speaker 1: Is it Prime Day? Oh? Of course it's a Prime Day.

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Speaker 1: How could you not? And already bought up my stuff?

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Speaker 1: That was some buzz marketing of all time. So let's

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Speaker 1: talk about this draft. Okay, Sure, and well, I think

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Speaker 1: we'll hold like the pros and cons debate for later. Off,

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Speaker 1: let's just talk about what the draft is in America.

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Speaker 1: How about that, because I think it bears a pretty

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Speaker 1: strong resemblance to drafts in other countries. Yeah. So in

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Speaker 1: the United States, in our military, now this this article

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Speaker 1: is a little outdated, but um, I believe for this year,

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Speaker 1: our budget is about one point three one million active

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Speaker 1: duty personnel and about eight hundred and fifteen thousand reservists. Uh,

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Speaker 1: And this is what our volunteer military force looks like.

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Speaker 1: But in certain times, uh, we have a draft. They

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Speaker 1: also call it conscription. And that's when we feel like

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Speaker 1: and you know, there's debate on whether or not this

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Speaker 1: will ever happen again, but that's when the President and

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Speaker 1: Congress feels like we need to call up people involuntarily

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Speaker 1: because we need more bodies. Yeah, the standing volunteer force

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Speaker 1: that we have right now is considered more than enough

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Speaker 1: for or at least enough for the current peacetime. Um. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: if you take if you take the endless wars that

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Speaker 1: aren't technically wars because Congress never declared war out of

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Speaker 1: the equation that we're in peacetime right, and so these

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Speaker 1: these guys, especially with our advancing and I use guys

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Speaker 1: in the gender neutral sense, um, especially with the advancing

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Speaker 1: technology that's being used in the military. Now, Um, that's

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Speaker 1: actually pretty healthy amount of active duty people. But yes,

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Speaker 1: if there were something that happened, say another World war

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Speaker 1: or something, there's there's a pretty good chance that a

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Speaker 1: draft is going to get started pretty quickly. And um

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Speaker 1: for that to happen, the government would say, okay, selective

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Speaker 1: service system, do your thing, and the selective service system

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Speaker 1: would kick in action. And that this is what I

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Speaker 1: did not know, Chuck. Jimmy Carter is the one who

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Speaker 1: activated the selective service system. Did you know that, oh,

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Speaker 1: when the Soviets invaded Afghanistan Because the s draft was

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Speaker 1: in nineteen seventy three, uh, and it was just done.

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Speaker 1: And then in nineteen eighty when the Afghani or when

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Speaker 1: the um the Soviets invaded Afghanistan, Carter was really on

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Speaker 1: edge about that, and in ninety one he just basically

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Speaker 1: activated the selective service system. And that's what you were

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Speaker 1: talking about earlier, where where you're eighteen or the first

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Speaker 1: time you're eligible between the ages of eighteen and twenty five,

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Speaker 1: you go to your post office, you go to your

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Speaker 1: government website, you go there's several places you can go,

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Speaker 1: and you basically fell out a card saying I am

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Speaker 1: an eighteen year old American citizen or a resident alien

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Speaker 1: or any number of things. Um, and it's specifically a man,

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Speaker 1: and here's my info. Give me a call if you

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Speaker 1: guys ever run into any trouble. Yeah, and so, uh,

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Speaker 1: the s S S the Selective Service System is who

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Speaker 1: was in charge of basically operating and and plugging in

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Speaker 1: the draft and overseeing it if it ever gets reinstated,

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Speaker 1: right right, So you they have really ultimately this this

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Speaker 1: article does a good job of pointing this out. The

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Speaker 1: Selective Service System is basically just a system of names

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Speaker 1: and addresses kept on file of all um American men

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Speaker 1: eligible to be drafted. So basically between the age of

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Speaker 1: eighteen and twenty five. Yeah, so you mentioned women. Um,

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Speaker 1: about five or six years ago there was the repeal

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Speaker 1: of the ground combat exclusion and they've can since then

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Speaker 1: have been working on basically opening up. Uh. I don't

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Speaker 1: know about all jobs, but I think most or maybe

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Speaker 1: all jobs two women as well as men in the military.

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Speaker 1: But you still despite that, they have not made the

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Speaker 1: change where women have to register with SSS. Yeah, it

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Speaker 1: came like pretty close in committee I think last year,

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Speaker 1: and it didn't make it out of committee, but um,

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Speaker 1: it showed a lot of resolve to that's probably going

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Speaker 1: to change in the next couple of years, I would guess,

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Speaker 1: especially now that women are in combat roles in the military.

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Speaker 1: There's that was traditionally the excuse for why they were

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Speaker 1: not eligible for selective service. Um. But now that they're

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Speaker 1: doing combat roles in the volunteer Army or the volunteer military,

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Speaker 1: then it just makes sense that they would be eligible

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Speaker 1: for the draft too. Yeah. And right now I'm looking

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Speaker 1: at the chart. Uh, this print out here has got

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Speaker 1: one to three, four or five, six, seven, eight categories

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Speaker 1: where you do not need to. Uh. I was about

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Speaker 1: to say, turn yourself in. It's a Fredian slip where

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Speaker 1: you don't have to register. So if you remember the

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Speaker 1: Armed Forces on active duty, obviously you don't need to.

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Speaker 1: If you're a cadet and midshipment at service academies or

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Speaker 1: the Coast Guard Academy, you do not need to. If

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Speaker 1: you're a student and the officer Procurement program at the

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Speaker 1: Citadel North Georgia College and Stay University, Norwich, Virginia, v

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Speaker 1: m I, Texas A and M Virginia Polytech in State University.

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Speaker 1: You don't have to. Uh, let me see here under

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Speaker 1: immigrants lawful nonimmigrants on current non immigrant visas. If you're

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Speaker 1: a seasonal agricultural worker on an H two A visa,

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Speaker 1: you don't have to. If you're incarcerated or hospitalized or institutionalized,

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Speaker 1: you do not need to under handicapped physically or mentally. Uh.

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Speaker 1: You don't need to if you're continually confined to a residence,

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Speaker 1: hospital or institution, but you do have to if you

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Speaker 1: were able to function in public with or without assistance.

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Speaker 1: And then the newest, the latest and greatest transgender people category.

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Speaker 1: If you're an individual who are born female and have

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Speaker 1: changed to male, you do not have to. But if

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Speaker 1: you're born male and change your gender to female, you

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Speaker 1: do have to. Uh. So that's pretty much flies in

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Speaker 1: the face of trans that Yeah. Wow, okay, I'm not

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Speaker 1: surprised by that, but that's that seems a little putsy

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Speaker 1: dems the rules right now. Yeah, So, one of the

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Speaker 1: things that stuck out to me, Chuck, was that, um,

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Speaker 1: if you are a a citizen of another country living

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Speaker 1: in the United States, you have to register. If you're

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Speaker 1: a male UM you have to register for this UM

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Speaker 1: so for selective service. But if your country has a

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Speaker 1: treaty with the US that says, if you guys ever

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Speaker 1: do the draft or whatever, we don't want our people

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Speaker 1: sucked into that. Uh, the U s will honor that.

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Speaker 1: You still have to go UM register. But then when

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Speaker 1: they draft you, you can you get an exemption. But

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Speaker 1: if you do get that exemption, you can never be

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Speaker 1: a citizen of the United States. And if you ever

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Speaker 1: leave the country, you might have trouble getting back in.

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Speaker 1: And it is how this Elective Service puts it, which

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Speaker 1: I would say that means you will definitely have trouble

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Speaker 1: getting back in probably, so you know, uh, and you

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Speaker 1: said eighteen to twenty five is the age where you

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Speaker 1: have to register within thirty days of reaching eligibility. So

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Speaker 1: in the case of your eighteenth birthday, within thirty days

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Speaker 1: of that, or let's say you're in like one of

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Speaker 1: the exclusions, like you're in military school, but you drop out,

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Speaker 1: but you're still eighteen to twenty five, then it's when

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Speaker 1: within thirty days of that dropout date, right, and then yeah,

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Speaker 1: whether it's eighteen thirty days of your eighteenth birthday or

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Speaker 1: thirty days of the first time you become eligible, up

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Speaker 1: to your twenty six birthday. Correct. And then if you

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Speaker 1: just say I don't feel like going today and you

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Speaker 1: keep putting it off for you know, seven seven years um,

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Speaker 1: when you get to be twenty six along the way,

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Speaker 1: you can do it late and they'll say, hey, thanks

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Speaker 1: for coming in. We're going to forgive this. If you

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Speaker 1: wait until after your twenty six and you never get

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Speaker 1: around to doing it, like as it stands on the books,

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Speaker 1: you can be prosecuted for up to five years in

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Speaker 1: prison in a quarter of a million dollar fine. You

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Speaker 1: can also get that same penalty if you encourage someone

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Speaker 1: not to sign up for selective service, But apparently they

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Speaker 1: are not very big on prosecuting that kind of stuff,

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Speaker 1: and instead what they tend to do is they withhold

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Speaker 1: um federal job opportunities, some state job opportunities, federal student

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Speaker 1: aid for college, federal work training program. If you're a

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Speaker 1: defense contract or any kind of contractor you need a

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Speaker 1: security clearance, you can kiss that goodbye. So there's stuff

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Speaker 1: they can do short of finding you two fifty thousand

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Speaker 1: dollars of putting um in jail for five years. Um,

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Speaker 1: but there are penalties for just not ever filling out

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Speaker 1: this little card. Yeah, and I read, uh, and especially

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Speaker 1: in that Times article that even during the Vietnam War,

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Speaker 1: like famous cases aside, like let's say, you know, Muhammad Ali,

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Speaker 1: which makes a lot of news, like, they didn't really

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Speaker 1: want pool that didn't like he didn't have to be

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Speaker 1: all gung ho, but they didn't want people that were

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Speaker 1: just miserable about the whole thing. Well, yeah, I saw

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Speaker 1: that that was one of the when well we'll talk

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Speaker 1: about it later, but like that, you know, they there's

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Speaker 1: like that that wouldn't make a good soldier. It wouldn't

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Speaker 1: serve anyone. So generally they wanted people who are at

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Speaker 1: least like, all right, well I'll do this all the

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Speaker 1: way up to like sign me up, I want to kill. Right.

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Speaker 1: Did we take a break? Yeah, let's I think that's

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Speaker 1: our cue when I say I want to kill. All right,

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Speaker 1: we'll be right back after this, Okay, So let's say that.

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Speaker 1: Um that there. I saw that the head of Selective

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Speaker 1: Service said basically it would take a Martian invasion to

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Speaker 1: activate the draft. Again, I think it's how she put it. So, um,

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Speaker 1: if that happened, if we were invaded by Martians and

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Speaker 1: the draft did start. One of the things that carter

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Speaker 1: Um set up in by activating the Selective Service was

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Speaker 1: to um, it's basically this government bureaucracy that's just waiting

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Speaker 1: to spring into action, and it's kind of like kept

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Speaker 1: on ice. There's a hundred people working at this agency.

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Speaker 1: They got about twenty three million dollars a year in funding,

299
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Speaker 1: and um, they just keep it at at a ready state,

300
00:17:45,960 --> 00:17:48,239
Speaker 1: but it's not actually doing what it's designed to do.

301
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Speaker 1: It's just taking in information, names, addresses, all that stuff,

302
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Speaker 1: and then um, but if it were ever activated, it

303
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Speaker 1: would kind of like it would be like one of

304
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Speaker 1: those little dinosaur sponges. You put water on it and

305
00:18:01,080 --> 00:18:04,080
Speaker 1: it grows into a big dinosaur sponge. That's basically what

306
00:18:04,119 --> 00:18:06,680
Speaker 1: would happen with the S S S. Yeah, so they would,

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00:18:07,000 --> 00:18:09,040
Speaker 1: like our article points out, they would kick into what

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Speaker 1: you would call draft mode and they would conducted national

309
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Speaker 1: draft lottery. And you know, back in the Vietnam era,

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Speaker 1: this was a this is a dicey proposition to watch

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Speaker 1: on television what looks like a money lottery. You know,

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Speaker 1: picking numbers, and this is how it how it goes.

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Speaker 1: It's developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology,

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Speaker 1: and I assume this is how it would still go today. Right, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: this is the current incarnation of the s s S.

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Speaker 1: Al Right, so computer is going to print out all

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Speaker 1: the dates in the current year in random mortar. Put

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Speaker 1: those dates and little little capsules. So interesting how they

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Speaker 1: do this. They really look like more like ping pong

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Speaker 1: balls to me. I know, I'm saying, it looks like

321
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Speaker 1: you could be a winner, right, except you're not. But

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Speaker 1: who calls it a cap soul? I don't know whoever,

323
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Speaker 1: Tom Harris, he's old school. Yeah, I guess he's a weirdo.

324
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Speaker 1: Maybe he's never played ping pong. Uh. Then the computer

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Speaker 1: prints out one through three, six for each day of

326
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Speaker 1: the year in random mortar, puts those in ping pong balls.

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Speaker 1: The captive souls containing dates are loaded into one drum.

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Speaker 1: The others are loaded into another drum. They spend that thing.

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Speaker 1: They spend the big wheel. I think it's puffed by air.

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Speaker 1: Oh is it? I think so? I was just trying

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Speaker 1: to make a little more like I said, twenty three

332
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Speaker 1: million in funding a year, right, they can afford the

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Speaker 1: air puff. They're being inspected and observed this whole time

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Speaker 1: to make sure everything's going as planned. And then what

335
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Speaker 1: happens on TV. Okay, so the official who's running the thing,

336
00:19:51,040 --> 00:19:53,240
Speaker 1: and again yeah, they have like they have TV there

337
00:19:53,280 --> 00:19:55,439
Speaker 1: to make sure that this is documented and above the

338
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Speaker 1: boards and all that stuff. And when the official pulls

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Speaker 1: out the ball or the capsule i'm sorry from one

340
00:20:03,480 --> 00:20:06,480
Speaker 1: machine and then a capsule from another machine, and they

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00:20:06,520 --> 00:20:11,520
Speaker 1: read them out laud. So for example, if the number

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Speaker 1: from the one machine with all the dates of the

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Speaker 1: year in it says April, and the other the other

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Speaker 1: machine has UM three hundred and sixty five or sixty six.

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Speaker 1: If it's a leap year, and that says number forty two,

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Speaker 1: then that means that every male who is eligible for

347
00:20:29,320 --> 00:20:32,320
Speaker 1: the draft that turns twenty on April twenty two of

348
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Speaker 1: that year will be in the forties second group to

349
00:20:35,480 --> 00:20:39,119
Speaker 1: receive their draft notices. Yeah, they start I guess the

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Speaker 1: ideal age that they feel as fair as twenty years old, right,

351
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Speaker 1: So that's where they start with the draft, because again

352
00:20:46,280 --> 00:20:49,679
Speaker 1: remember it's between eighteen and twenty five you're eligible. But

353
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Speaker 1: they yeah, they start with the twenty year olds, and

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Speaker 1: then they do this so over and over again, for

355
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Speaker 1: all three hundred and sixty five or sixty six days

356
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Speaker 1: of the year. They pair a date of that year

357
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Speaker 1: with a number, and that's the people whose twentieth birthday

358
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Speaker 1: falls on that year are the ones who get that number.

359
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Speaker 1: They're in that number group. So if January was number one,

360
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Speaker 1: than anybody born on January would be the first to

361
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Speaker 1: get the draft notices. And when they're doing this, they're there.

362
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Speaker 1: They're probably calling up enough people that multiple groups, say

363
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Speaker 1: groups one through a hundred and fifty are all going

364
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Speaker 1: to get draft notices right out of the gate. But

365
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Speaker 1: then as they like, Congress and the President asked for

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Speaker 1: a specific number of troops, and then once they reach

367
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Speaker 1: that number, the draft notices stopped getting sent out. And

368
00:21:41,880 --> 00:21:44,080
Speaker 1: then if they say, well, we need more people, they'll

369
00:21:44,080 --> 00:21:47,080
Speaker 1: start going back to the um. The sequence of call

370
00:21:47,240 --> 00:21:49,480
Speaker 1: is what it's called uh. And then they go to

371
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Speaker 1: the next group, in the next group, of the next

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Speaker 1: group until they keep fulfilling these numbers, and then when

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Speaker 1: they run out of twenty year olds, then they go

374
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Speaker 1: to other age groups. Yeah, they move up from that

375
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Speaker 1: point to one, and you know, let's just say they

376
00:22:00,520 --> 00:22:04,680
Speaker 1: keep needing people, it would go twenty one through. Then

377
00:22:04,720 --> 00:22:06,760
Speaker 1: if they run out of twenty five year olds, A,

378
00:22:07,040 --> 00:22:10,000
Speaker 1: that means we're in big trouble as a country. The

379
00:22:10,080 --> 00:22:13,640
Speaker 1: martians are winning, then they hop back to age nineteen,

380
00:22:14,440 --> 00:22:18,239
Speaker 1: and then if the most dire circumstances comes around, then

381
00:22:18,240 --> 00:22:23,520
Speaker 1: they hop back finally to eighteen year olds. Yes, so

382
00:22:23,640 --> 00:22:28,800
Speaker 1: that's that's eighteen to twenty five year olds. Yeah, have

383
00:22:28,920 --> 00:22:31,200
Speaker 1: just been gone through in the military basically is which

384
00:22:31,200 --> 00:22:33,520
Speaker 1: has happened If they go get down to the eighteen

385
00:22:33,600 --> 00:22:38,760
Speaker 1: year olds. Yeah, So then if your name is called, uh,

386
00:22:39,080 --> 00:22:42,359
Speaker 1: they are you were sent to a or your report

387
00:22:42,400 --> 00:22:47,280
Speaker 1: I guess to a regional military entrance processing station. And

388
00:22:47,320 --> 00:22:50,040
Speaker 1: I'm sure they call it something different, like they have

389
00:22:50,080 --> 00:22:55,840
Speaker 1: some cute short name for it, REMS. And I'll bet

390
00:22:55,880 --> 00:22:59,240
Speaker 1: this one is a REMPS. I'll bet it's REMPS. You

391
00:22:59,280 --> 00:23:02,439
Speaker 1: think maybe you know my brother in law's and the Marines,

392
00:23:02,480 --> 00:23:06,560
Speaker 1: And it's astounding how many uh what are those called

393
00:23:06,640 --> 00:23:11,400
Speaker 1: not contractions but acronym acronyms for everything. It's unbelievable. They

394
00:23:11,520 --> 00:23:14,520
Speaker 1: hate saying whole words of the military. Well, it's like

395
00:23:14,560 --> 00:23:17,240
Speaker 1: another language. And then when he's talking to me, he'll

396
00:23:17,280 --> 00:23:20,520
Speaker 1: say the acronym and then the real thing, but he just,

397
00:23:20,680 --> 00:23:23,200
Speaker 1: you know, he can't help but say the acronym. Well sure,

398
00:23:23,359 --> 00:23:25,160
Speaker 1: you know, do you ever point out, like how much

399
00:23:25,160 --> 00:23:27,879
Speaker 1: time he just wasted saying both, Yeah, I do that

400
00:23:27,920 --> 00:23:31,399
Speaker 1: all the time. He loves it, sir. Uh. So then

401
00:23:31,440 --> 00:23:36,520
Speaker 1: they report to this uh rim epps or rim up, No,

402
00:23:36,600 --> 00:23:39,760
Speaker 1: it would be rim EPs. Yeah. And this is where

403
00:23:39,800 --> 00:23:42,800
Speaker 1: you know, you undergo your physical, your your psych evaluation,

404
00:23:43,359 --> 00:23:48,119
Speaker 1: your mental and moral evaluation, and the doctor says, you know,

405
00:23:48,720 --> 00:23:51,320
Speaker 1: you can either keep going forward or hey, you know

406
00:23:51,800 --> 00:23:53,880
Speaker 1: you're wealthy and you have bone spurs, so maybe we'll

407
00:23:53,920 --> 00:23:59,199
Speaker 1: we'll hold you out. He really wanted to big your

408
00:23:59,240 --> 00:24:01,800
Speaker 1: response on that. And huh, I don't know. I don't

409
00:24:01,840 --> 00:24:04,600
Speaker 1: know what I want anymore. Uh. But if you're fit

410
00:24:04,640 --> 00:24:06,879
Speaker 1: for service, then you have ten days from that point

411
00:24:07,680 --> 00:24:10,280
Speaker 1: if you want to file an exemption, a claim for

412
00:24:10,320 --> 00:24:15,520
Speaker 1: exemption or postponement or deferment. Uh. And then from that

413
00:24:15,600 --> 00:24:20,360
Speaker 1: point forward, if you want a special classification, then you

414
00:24:20,400 --> 00:24:23,560
Speaker 1: are you go through that whole process. Yes. So one

415
00:24:23,600 --> 00:24:26,680
Speaker 1: of the other things that the selective service system does

416
00:24:27,000 --> 00:24:31,120
Speaker 1: is um so it's bringing in, it's bringing in all

417
00:24:31,160 --> 00:24:33,119
Speaker 1: the people who are eligible for the for the draft

418
00:24:33,440 --> 00:24:35,560
Speaker 1: and making sure they get evaluated to see if they're

419
00:24:35,560 --> 00:24:39,760
Speaker 1: fit for service. And then it's also handling and administering

420
00:24:39,800 --> 00:24:42,800
Speaker 1: the exemption and postponement and deferment process too. It's like

421
00:24:43,040 --> 00:24:46,600
Speaker 1: two separate streams. It's one stream and then it breaks

422
00:24:46,600 --> 00:24:49,119
Speaker 1: into two streams. One stream goes into the military, the

423
00:24:49,119 --> 00:24:53,080
Speaker 1: other one gets sorted out. Right. Yes, So if you

424
00:24:53,160 --> 00:24:56,280
Speaker 1: are um, if you're say like a high school student

425
00:24:56,359 --> 00:24:59,400
Speaker 1: or something like that, UM, and you file that that

426
00:24:59,520 --> 00:25:04,119
Speaker 1: ten days, a uh claim for exemption or whatever. You'll

427
00:25:04,160 --> 00:25:07,520
Speaker 1: just send in a piece of paper, maybe something from

428
00:25:07,560 --> 00:25:10,400
Speaker 1: your high school that says, uh, now, Josh is still

429
00:25:10,400 --> 00:25:13,080
Speaker 1: in high school, so he's he shouldn't be going into

430
00:25:13,080 --> 00:25:15,400
Speaker 1: the draft, and they will say, here's your exemption, kid,

431
00:25:15,640 --> 00:25:18,560
Speaker 1: actually twenty he's in high school. Don't ask, That would

432
00:25:18,600 --> 00:25:22,280
Speaker 1: be right, don't ask, don't tell um. And that would

433
00:25:22,320 --> 00:25:25,119
Speaker 1: be a postponement, I think, is what that would be,

434
00:25:25,119 --> 00:25:28,040
Speaker 1: because they're saying, great, finished high school, we'll see you

435
00:25:28,119 --> 00:25:31,040
Speaker 1: right after. Yeah. I mean, if you're ready right then

436
00:25:31,280 --> 00:25:34,160
Speaker 1: and you're fit for service, you're classified as one A.

437
00:25:34,119 --> 00:25:35,960
Speaker 1: Al right, something you heard a lot about in the

438
00:25:36,040 --> 00:25:38,600
Speaker 1: Vietnam era. Like, if you get picked and you were

439
00:25:38,640 --> 00:25:41,199
Speaker 1: one A, you're you're getting shipped out pretty quickly, right,

440
00:25:41,280 --> 00:25:43,639
Speaker 1: exactly like you would go home. They would send you

441
00:25:43,640 --> 00:25:46,120
Speaker 1: your letter and and probably in the letter they would

442
00:25:46,119 --> 00:25:49,480
Speaker 1: tell you where to report. Yeah, so high schools covered.

443
00:25:49,480 --> 00:25:52,520
Speaker 1: If you're a college student, you can postpone for the

444
00:25:52,560 --> 00:25:55,720
Speaker 1: remainder of that year, or if you're a freshman, that's you.

445
00:25:55,760 --> 00:25:58,760
Speaker 1: If you're senior, if you're a freshman, sophomore, junior, you

446
00:25:58,760 --> 00:26:02,520
Speaker 1: can postpone until the end of the semester. Yep, there's

447
00:26:02,520 --> 00:26:07,000
Speaker 1: an exemption for religious ministers and people studying to become

448
00:26:07,200 --> 00:26:14,640
Speaker 1: ministers and recognized religions. I thought they needed the father's Yeah,

449
00:26:14,680 --> 00:26:17,640
Speaker 1: I think that's uh, Like I don't. I think you

450
00:26:17,640 --> 00:26:19,760
Speaker 1: you asked for a DEFERMATI if they find that you're

451
00:26:19,840 --> 00:26:22,960
Speaker 1: one A, even if you're any of these, I think

452
00:26:23,000 --> 00:26:26,639
Speaker 1: they will just take you regardless. But if you say, actually,

453
00:26:26,640 --> 00:26:29,479
Speaker 1: i'm a religious minister, I don't feel comfortable about this,

454
00:26:29,640 --> 00:26:31,680
Speaker 1: you can get a deferment like that. But if your

455
00:26:31,720 --> 00:26:35,240
Speaker 1: father mukahey and you're like, I'm a religious minister. Kill

456
00:26:35,320 --> 00:26:39,720
Speaker 1: kill kill, they'll say come on in or counsel the

457
00:26:39,720 --> 00:26:43,040
Speaker 1: men who kill kill kill sure father o'kayhy he was

458
00:26:43,080 --> 00:26:46,239
Speaker 1: a good uh he was a good um character, wasn't he.

459
00:26:46,200 --> 00:26:51,120
Speaker 1: He's good dude. One of my favorites on mash Actually weirdly, yeah, yeah,

460
00:26:51,119 --> 00:26:53,720
Speaker 1: because he was like just such a side character. But yeah,

461
00:26:54,440 --> 00:26:57,440
Speaker 1: I liked him now that I think about it out loud. Yeah,

462
00:26:57,560 --> 00:26:59,680
Speaker 1: I watched Barney Miller last night for the first time

463
00:26:59,800 --> 00:27:04,280
Speaker 1: for ever. If you if you want to see a

464
00:27:04,400 --> 00:27:07,800
Speaker 1: TV show, like a bona fide TV show where there's

465
00:27:07,800 --> 00:27:11,320
Speaker 1: a script and actors and they've all rehearsed and there's

466
00:27:11,320 --> 00:27:13,800
Speaker 1: like a plot, and there's jokes and all that stuff

467
00:27:13,840 --> 00:27:16,840
Speaker 1: and a laugh track, a laugh track, to watch Barney

468
00:27:16,840 --> 00:27:19,879
Speaker 1: Miller and you will be it's wonderful, which is to

469
00:27:19,960 --> 00:27:21,920
Speaker 1: say it was like every other show on TV at

470
00:27:21,920 --> 00:27:24,119
Speaker 1: the time at the time. Try to find one of

471
00:27:24,160 --> 00:27:27,040
Speaker 1: those now you can't do it. Well, I mean they're on,

472
00:27:27,200 --> 00:27:30,960
Speaker 1: but you probably just don't watch sitcoms anymore. I guess

473
00:27:31,000 --> 00:27:34,479
Speaker 1: they are, and aren't they I'm told? Yeah, Well, anyway,

474
00:27:34,480 --> 00:27:37,440
Speaker 1: Barney Miller holds up and maybe it's even better than ever. Yeah,

475
00:27:37,480 --> 00:27:40,000
Speaker 1: that was a great show. Who with the who are

476
00:27:40,000 --> 00:27:42,800
Speaker 1: the side guys? There's fish able to go to his

477
00:27:42,960 --> 00:27:48,000
Speaker 1: fish John. Whoa Joe? Whoa Joe? John? You don't know

478
00:27:48,000 --> 00:27:50,560
Speaker 1: where I came up with that. Uh you're thinking a

479
00:27:50,600 --> 00:27:53,560
Speaker 1: little John? Yeah? And then who was uh, who's the

480
00:27:53,560 --> 00:27:59,520
Speaker 1: other guy? There was Chano? Uh, there was um oh,

481
00:27:59,560 --> 00:28:04,000
Speaker 1: I can't remember the Asian guy's name. They they John right? No, no,

482
00:28:04,080 --> 00:28:07,480
Speaker 1: wo Joe was the He was like the young kind

483
00:28:07,480 --> 00:28:10,480
Speaker 1: of like bachelor dude with the terrible haircute Oh yeah,

484
00:28:10,560 --> 00:28:14,040
Speaker 1: yeah yeah, um he oh he was he was probably

485
00:28:14,080 --> 00:28:18,000
Speaker 1: like what Yakowski or something. Yeah, that's exactly what his

486
00:28:18,080 --> 00:28:21,320
Speaker 1: name was, like okay, um. And then there was the

487
00:28:21,920 --> 00:28:24,080
Speaker 1: Asian man. I can't remember what his name was, but

488
00:28:24,119 --> 00:28:26,520
Speaker 1: they would he was such a great character. They would

489
00:28:26,560 --> 00:28:30,000
Speaker 1: reference him when he wasn't even in the episode. They

490
00:28:30,040 --> 00:28:33,000
Speaker 1: talk about him. That's a great that's a good character.

491
00:28:33,280 --> 00:28:36,800
Speaker 1: And then Wrong Glass. I can't remember what what the

492
00:28:36,880 --> 00:28:40,040
Speaker 1: name of the detective Ron Glass played was, but great

493
00:28:40,400 --> 00:28:43,680
Speaker 1: television show still and maybe the best television theme song

494
00:28:43,720 --> 00:28:45,840
Speaker 1: of all time too. Oh yeah, I love that one.

495
00:28:46,960 --> 00:28:49,040
Speaker 1: If I'm not mistaken. Didn't have a slap bass in it?

496
00:28:49,360 --> 00:28:52,760
Speaker 1: Oh yeah, do you want to do it? Ron Harris

497
00:28:52,800 --> 00:28:58,280
Speaker 1: run Glass played Ron Harris and uh Yamana nick Yamana

498
00:28:59,320 --> 00:29:03,800
Speaker 1: was the character's name, Okay, and who played Nickiamanna? Jack

499
00:29:03,840 --> 00:29:09,000
Speaker 1: Sue cool Man? Great, how Lindon Man? What a classic?

500
00:29:09,760 --> 00:29:14,400
Speaker 1: Where where are you watching that? Where? Yeah? You mean

501
00:29:14,400 --> 00:29:18,680
Speaker 1: what station? There's something called Antenna TV. It's all awesome reruns.

502
00:29:18,880 --> 00:29:21,680
Speaker 1: There's something else called Cozy c o z I t V.

503
00:29:22,200 --> 00:29:25,440
Speaker 1: They basically do the same thing, and like you'll find

504
00:29:25,480 --> 00:29:28,400
Speaker 1: them in the non HD channels a little further down

505
00:29:28,480 --> 00:29:31,320
Speaker 1: the dial. But they're good. And now they each owe

506
00:29:31,360 --> 00:29:33,880
Speaker 1: me a twenty target gift card. That's a hot tip.

507
00:29:35,720 --> 00:29:39,280
Speaker 1: Uh So back to the draft. Oh yeah, um, we

508
00:29:39,400 --> 00:29:41,680
Speaker 1: covered that. We got off track with father and okay,

509
00:29:42,280 --> 00:29:48,000
Speaker 1: So if you are have dependence, um, like I was saying, like, uh,

510
00:29:48,240 --> 00:29:52,040
Speaker 1: my father with a family of two or three. Um,

511
00:29:52,080 --> 00:29:54,440
Speaker 1: if you are a government official, like if you're a judge,

512
00:29:55,160 --> 00:29:57,840
Speaker 1: which would be unusual that young, but any kind of

513
00:29:57,840 --> 00:30:04,480
Speaker 1: elected official go Ovener state legislator. Yeah, I'm sure there's

514
00:30:04,520 --> 00:30:07,000
Speaker 1: a lot of up at that rankles a lot of people,

515
00:30:07,200 --> 00:30:10,400
Speaker 1: because those are the very people who are sending the

516
00:30:10,480 --> 00:30:13,800
Speaker 1: military into war. You know. Yeah, I guess the idea

517
00:30:13,800 --> 00:30:17,440
Speaker 1: of a twenty four year old a mayor who gets

518
00:30:17,440 --> 00:30:20,080
Speaker 1: a deferment wouldn't go over super well in times of war.

519
00:30:21,600 --> 00:30:23,440
Speaker 1: And then finally, and this is we'll get into this

520
00:30:23,480 --> 00:30:29,440
Speaker 1: pretty in depth. But conscientious objectors uh, which is a

521
00:30:29,480 --> 00:30:31,640
Speaker 1: whole ball of wax right there, But that is when

522
00:30:31,680 --> 00:30:36,600
Speaker 1: you hold religious or moral beliefs. Uh. Then you can well,

523
00:30:36,640 --> 00:30:38,400
Speaker 1: I guess we should go ahead and get into it. Huh. Well,

524
00:30:38,400 --> 00:30:39,600
Speaker 1: do you want to take a break and then get

525
00:30:39,640 --> 00:30:40,880
Speaker 1: into it or you want to get into it and

526
00:30:40,880 --> 00:30:44,560
Speaker 1: then take a break. It's your choice, buddy. Let's get

527
00:30:44,560 --> 00:30:48,600
Speaker 1: into it, then take a break, okay, Uh yeah, okay.

528
00:30:49,360 --> 00:30:53,160
Speaker 1: So do you remember a pacifism episode That was a

529
00:30:53,200 --> 00:30:55,440
Speaker 1: great one, And I know for a fact that we

530
00:30:55,480 --> 00:30:58,920
Speaker 1: talked about conscientious objectors in that as well. But if

531
00:30:58,960 --> 00:31:01,600
Speaker 1: you if you are drafted, and here's the thing again,

532
00:31:01,720 --> 00:31:04,680
Speaker 1: you still have to register for selective service. If they

533
00:31:04,680 --> 00:31:07,920
Speaker 1: ever initiate the draft, you will still get a draft

534
00:31:07,960 --> 00:31:11,560
Speaker 1: notice and then you'll report to the regional center the

535
00:31:11,560 --> 00:31:17,760
Speaker 1: remaps right um or remaps, and you you will say

536
00:31:17,760 --> 00:31:20,920
Speaker 1: to them, I am morally opposed to war. And they'll

537
00:31:20,960 --> 00:31:24,240
Speaker 1: say this war, which is a trick question, and you

538
00:31:24,320 --> 00:31:27,120
Speaker 1: say no, all war, and they'll go, okay, well that's

539
00:31:27,120 --> 00:31:29,440
Speaker 1: a bird of a different feather. Let's get this thing started.

540
00:31:29,800 --> 00:31:32,360
Speaker 1: So you have ten days to file this this UM

541
00:31:32,560 --> 00:31:35,360
Speaker 1: claim for exemption and then that's going to kick off

542
00:31:35,880 --> 00:31:40,320
Speaker 1: this UM basically an interview process by the local board.

543
00:31:40,320 --> 00:31:43,160
Speaker 1: And these local boards are another thing that gets activated

544
00:31:43,640 --> 00:31:48,960
Speaker 1: UM by the the SSS being UM activated itself. There's

545
00:31:49,040 --> 00:31:51,320
Speaker 1: five civilians who sit on a local board and each

546
00:31:51,360 --> 00:31:55,680
Speaker 1: local board serves x number of like kids in an

547
00:31:55,680 --> 00:31:59,880
Speaker 1: area for volunteers, it should be pointed out, and they're

548
00:32:00,080 --> 00:32:03,080
Speaker 1: or to hear special cases to decide whether or not

549
00:32:03,120 --> 00:32:06,360
Speaker 1: you get that exemption for things like a hardship UM,

550
00:32:06,560 --> 00:32:10,000
Speaker 1: like if you're a father, uh soul breadwinner kind of thing,

551
00:32:10,400 --> 00:32:13,600
Speaker 1: or if you're a conscientious objector and with a conscientious

552
00:32:13,600 --> 00:32:17,200
Speaker 1: objector specifically, they're gonna ask you, um, well, which kind

553
00:32:17,240 --> 00:32:20,000
Speaker 1: are you Are you opposed to, like carrying a gun

554
00:32:20,120 --> 00:32:22,600
Speaker 1: and like shooting at people on the front lines? Are

555
00:32:22,600 --> 00:32:25,760
Speaker 1: you opposed to combat? Or are you opposed to like

556
00:32:26,000 --> 00:32:28,880
Speaker 1: being in the military at all? And there's actually two

557
00:32:28,880 --> 00:32:31,680
Speaker 1: classifications for that. Yeah, And at this point they have

558
00:32:31,760 --> 00:32:34,760
Speaker 1: called you down like certain things like high school or

559
00:32:34,800 --> 00:32:36,680
Speaker 1: maybe if you have a family of six, like they

560
00:32:36,680 --> 00:32:39,000
Speaker 1: can just go ahead and rubber stamp you. But you're

561
00:32:39,040 --> 00:32:41,440
Speaker 1: gonna get called down there in person, and you'll want

562
00:32:41,440 --> 00:32:44,760
Speaker 1: to as as an objector. And the two classifications that

563
00:32:44,800 --> 00:32:49,160
Speaker 1: you mentioned is one a oh with if you're morally

564
00:32:49,560 --> 00:32:54,240
Speaker 1: opposed to serving in combat or one oh one dash oh.

565
00:32:54,520 --> 00:32:57,760
Speaker 1: And this is if you they're saying, I don't want

566
00:32:57,800 --> 00:32:59,360
Speaker 1: to be in the military. I don't want to be

567
00:32:59,360 --> 00:33:01,360
Speaker 1: a chef. I don't want to be a cook. I

568
00:33:01,360 --> 00:33:04,360
Speaker 1: don't want to be a priest or deliver mail or

569
00:33:04,440 --> 00:33:07,040
Speaker 1: right for the newspaper. I don't want to write for

570
00:33:07,040 --> 00:33:08,880
Speaker 1: the Stars and Stripes. You know what it was called?

571
00:33:09,720 --> 00:33:13,080
Speaker 1: Is that still around? Probably? I know Voice of America

572
00:33:13,240 --> 00:33:17,720
Speaker 1: is Is that the current main rag? It may be different. Well,

573
00:33:17,760 --> 00:33:21,120
Speaker 1: they're like they're everywhere. They're like big time media outlet

574
00:33:21,200 --> 00:33:24,400
Speaker 1: for the military. Good Branch has their own RAG too. Well,

575
00:33:24,440 --> 00:33:27,160
Speaker 1: the Stars and Stripes. That's what Matthew Modine was right

576
00:33:27,360 --> 00:33:33,000
Speaker 1: for and um yeah that's great. Uh photographer though right, No,

577
00:33:33,320 --> 00:33:36,320
Speaker 1: he walked around with the photographer used the reporter, gotcha

578
00:33:36,880 --> 00:33:40,360
Speaker 1: all right? So in the draft, if you if you

579
00:33:40,400 --> 00:33:44,680
Speaker 1: were classified as one AO, which is morally opposed to

580
00:33:44,840 --> 00:33:49,120
Speaker 1: combat only, then they will probably try to still assign

581
00:33:49,160 --> 00:33:51,920
Speaker 1: you to to some sort of service. Oh yeah, like

582
00:33:51,960 --> 00:33:54,080
Speaker 1: we were talking about, like in the mail room or whatever.

583
00:33:54,240 --> 00:33:56,520
Speaker 1: But there's plenty of stuff you can do plenty being

584
00:33:56,560 --> 00:33:59,560
Speaker 1: on the front line in the military. It's plenty, plenty, plenty, huge,

585
00:33:59,760 --> 00:34:02,320
Speaker 1: huge machine that has a lot of different parts to it.

586
00:34:02,360 --> 00:34:04,160
Speaker 1: So yeah, they will definitely find a spot for you.

587
00:34:04,520 --> 00:34:07,480
Speaker 1: If you're morally opposed to serving the military. If you're saying,

588
00:34:07,480 --> 00:34:09,719
Speaker 1: like I'm totally opposed to war, I don't agree with

589
00:34:09,760 --> 00:34:13,000
Speaker 1: what you're doing. I don't agree with any any war whatsoever,

590
00:34:13,000 --> 00:34:14,480
Speaker 1: So I don't want to help out in any way,

591
00:34:14,480 --> 00:34:17,600
Speaker 1: shape or form. Let's say, Okay, you still have to serve.

592
00:34:17,880 --> 00:34:20,520
Speaker 1: You're still going to have a tour of duty, just

593
00:34:20,560 --> 00:34:23,040
Speaker 1: like anybody who is one A and goes into the

594
00:34:23,040 --> 00:34:26,080
Speaker 1: military to serve in the draft, you're gonna have a

595
00:34:26,080 --> 00:34:28,560
Speaker 1: tour of duty too, But instead they will assign you

596
00:34:28,960 --> 00:34:33,439
Speaker 1: to UM basically what's called the Alternative service program where

597
00:34:33,560 --> 00:34:37,360
Speaker 1: you contribute to the country for like X number of years,

598
00:34:37,840 --> 00:34:41,840
Speaker 1: like as A in healthcare or UM in conservation. Is

599
00:34:41,880 --> 00:34:44,120
Speaker 1: another big one too, where they basically just put you

600
00:34:44,160 --> 00:34:47,800
Speaker 1: to work to to keep the country make it better. Yeah,

601
00:34:47,840 --> 00:34:50,040
Speaker 1: and you're like you said before, it has to be

602
00:34:50,200 --> 00:34:53,000
Speaker 1: opposed to all war, and it can't be because of

603
00:34:53,000 --> 00:34:56,000
Speaker 1: political beliefs, So it has to be based on moral

604
00:34:56,120 --> 00:35:00,399
Speaker 1: or ethical or religious beliefs. You can't just say, hey, man,

605
00:35:00,760 --> 00:35:03,560
Speaker 1: if that was a nine eleven, i'd be down, but

606
00:35:03,719 --> 00:35:06,960
Speaker 1: I don't like this jerk who's in office, and I

607
00:35:07,000 --> 00:35:09,879
Speaker 1: don't agree with their politics, so I'm not into this war.

608
00:35:10,560 --> 00:35:13,879
Speaker 1: They'll say, sorry, that doesn't really count, which I mean,

609
00:35:13,920 --> 00:35:17,160
Speaker 1: I yeah, I guess that it makes sense. Yeah, well,

610
00:35:17,200 --> 00:35:20,640
Speaker 1: I mean at any rate, you have to appear explain

611
00:35:20,680 --> 00:35:23,080
Speaker 1: all this stuff. You might want to bring in some friends.

612
00:35:23,200 --> 00:35:26,360
Speaker 1: You might want them to ask or to maybe write

613
00:35:26,360 --> 00:35:28,879
Speaker 1: something for you ahead of time. You will probably want

614
00:35:28,880 --> 00:35:32,560
Speaker 1: to demonstrate through historical evidence that you have always felt

615
00:35:32,560 --> 00:35:35,040
Speaker 1: this way, like look, here's me at a peace rally

616
00:35:35,120 --> 00:35:38,680
Speaker 1: nine years ago, and eight years ago and seven years ago,

617
00:35:38,800 --> 00:35:41,799
Speaker 1: and you want to really build up your case that, like,

618
00:35:41,920 --> 00:35:44,239
Speaker 1: this is something I've lived with my whole life, right

619
00:35:44,239 --> 00:35:46,319
Speaker 1: if you or if you like, I'm a Quaker and

620
00:35:46,360 --> 00:35:49,279
Speaker 1: see here's my here're my quicker friends telling you that

621
00:35:49,360 --> 00:35:53,360
Speaker 1: I'm a Quaker. And here here's my funny hat, belt buckles, shoes.

622
00:35:53,560 --> 00:35:56,560
Speaker 1: Did you just start eating handfuls of dry oaks during

623
00:35:56,560 --> 00:35:59,759
Speaker 1: the interview to prove to prove you're a Quaker, you

624
00:35:59,840 --> 00:36:03,960
Speaker 1: might get a different classification. Uh. So you're doing all

625
00:36:03,960 --> 00:36:06,920
Speaker 1: this stuff to build your case. Um. If if they

626
00:36:06,960 --> 00:36:10,640
Speaker 1: deny you, you can appeal the decision. Um. So it's

627
00:36:10,640 --> 00:36:13,680
Speaker 1: not like the final word. But I don't know how

628
00:36:13,719 --> 00:36:16,200
Speaker 1: many peals you get. My guess would be one. Yeah,

629
00:36:16,239 --> 00:36:18,560
Speaker 1: and I'm not even sure if you necessarily get one.

630
00:36:18,719 --> 00:36:22,640
Speaker 1: But um, ideally, this board of citizens are going to

631
00:36:22,680 --> 00:36:25,880
Speaker 1: say this guy actually is morally opposed to war and

632
00:36:25,920 --> 00:36:29,040
Speaker 1: then not say but I'm not and I don't think

633
00:36:29,080 --> 00:36:31,440
Speaker 1: he should be, so he's gonna go anyway. So they're

634
00:36:31,480 --> 00:36:34,480
Speaker 1: supposed to just say, is this person morally opposed to war?

635
00:36:34,560 --> 00:36:36,920
Speaker 1: Do you buy that? Yes? Okay, then they should get

636
00:36:36,960 --> 00:36:40,080
Speaker 1: this deferment. Um. But this is this is set up

637
00:36:40,120 --> 00:36:43,640
Speaker 1: so that that if you there's a they say, well,

638
00:36:43,719 --> 00:36:46,680
Speaker 1: there's a place for you to serve your country, even

639
00:36:46,719 --> 00:36:50,000
Speaker 1: if you don't, um don't believe in in war. Even

640
00:36:50,120 --> 00:36:53,759
Speaker 1: helping a war effort got you? You want to take

641
00:36:53,800 --> 00:37:26,160
Speaker 1: that break, now, let's do it, okay, and things all right, Chuck,

642
00:37:27,280 --> 00:37:30,960
Speaker 1: So I think there's a this is a really really

643
00:37:31,000 --> 00:37:34,200
Speaker 1: controversial topic, the idea of a draft, And I think

644
00:37:34,200 --> 00:37:37,839
Speaker 1: it would be far more controversial if it looked like

645
00:37:38,239 --> 00:37:40,720
Speaker 1: it might be coming down the pike at any given point.

646
00:37:41,440 --> 00:37:44,480
Speaker 1: But there's a lot of reasons that people point to

647
00:37:44,600 --> 00:37:47,279
Speaker 1: that they say, this is what we have now is

648
00:37:47,440 --> 00:37:52,040
Speaker 1: totally awesome. Um. For one, what we have now again

649
00:37:52,320 --> 00:37:55,920
Speaker 1: and we have had since nineteen is an all volunteer force,

650
00:37:56,280 --> 00:37:59,640
Speaker 1: which means that every single person who is in the

651
00:37:59,640 --> 00:38:01,759
Speaker 1: middle of terry in any branch of the military in

652
00:38:01,800 --> 00:38:05,239
Speaker 1: the United States is there on their own volition. No

653
00:38:05,320 --> 00:38:08,399
Speaker 1: one's forcing them to. Even if a judge said either

654
00:38:08,520 --> 00:38:10,680
Speaker 1: join the army or go to jail, they still had

655
00:38:10,680 --> 00:38:14,400
Speaker 1: a choice, it says. So that makes it a what's

656
00:38:14,400 --> 00:38:18,400
Speaker 1: called a professional volunteer army where they get paid. Um,

657
00:38:18,719 --> 00:38:23,600
Speaker 1: they they submit themselves to serious training, and they are

658
00:38:23,680 --> 00:38:27,600
Speaker 1: about as good a soldier as you will expect to

659
00:38:27,600 --> 00:38:30,880
Speaker 1: find in the world. That's the current state of our military.

660
00:38:31,280 --> 00:38:33,960
Speaker 1: And they say, this is plenty. We're doing fine with this,

661
00:38:34,360 --> 00:38:36,960
Speaker 1: We don't need any kind of draft, So why would

662
00:38:36,960 --> 00:38:39,480
Speaker 1: you even bring that up. And there's a lot of

663
00:38:39,480 --> 00:38:41,880
Speaker 1: people who say, well, well, there's some real pros to

664
00:38:41,880 --> 00:38:46,319
Speaker 1: to having a conscription. Yeah, I mean the article you sent,

665
00:38:46,560 --> 00:38:50,759
Speaker 1: some of the pros were as follows promoting national unity,

666
00:38:50,920 --> 00:38:55,719
Speaker 1: and all of these are subject to opinion, I think, Well, yeah,

667
00:38:55,719 --> 00:39:00,000
Speaker 1: I mean, it's a debate, it's a controversial topic. UM

668
00:39:00,239 --> 00:39:05,520
Speaker 1: maintains an act of military force. Obviously, that's kind of inarguable. Uh,

669
00:39:05,560 --> 00:39:09,200
Speaker 1: it ensures high levels of participation in government. This, you know,

670
00:39:09,320 --> 00:39:11,840
Speaker 1: makes a little bit of sense. You'll probably pay a

671
00:39:11,880 --> 00:39:15,239
Speaker 1: lot more attention to what's going on if faced with

672
00:39:15,400 --> 00:39:18,319
Speaker 1: the threat or I don't know threats right word, but

673
00:39:18,480 --> 00:39:21,640
Speaker 1: if faced with the prospects of a draft, that to

674
00:39:21,719 --> 00:39:25,880
Speaker 1: me is probably the best the best argument for a draft.

675
00:39:26,360 --> 00:39:30,359
Speaker 1: It's saying like, if you, if you are possibly going

676
00:39:30,400 --> 00:39:32,600
Speaker 1: to get draft and go to war, just by being

677
00:39:32,640 --> 00:39:36,240
Speaker 1: born as a citizen of this country, you're expected to

678
00:39:36,520 --> 00:39:39,720
Speaker 1: be part of the military at some point in your life.

679
00:39:40,239 --> 00:39:42,799
Speaker 1: You're gonna pay a lot more attention to what the

680
00:39:42,800 --> 00:39:45,799
Speaker 1: the US is doing around the world with its military,

681
00:39:46,200 --> 00:39:49,520
Speaker 1: and you're probably going to stand up and make your

682
00:39:49,600 --> 00:39:52,920
Speaker 1: voice heard if you if you disagree with what the

683
00:39:53,040 --> 00:39:56,120
Speaker 1: US is doing with the military. I mean, that definitely

684
00:39:56,200 --> 00:39:58,920
Speaker 1: makes sense in some ways, but at the same time,

685
00:39:58,960 --> 00:40:01,080
Speaker 1: so so that are coument. What you just said is

686
00:40:01,800 --> 00:40:05,960
Speaker 1: it's a it's a it's for proponents of conscription of

687
00:40:06,000 --> 00:40:09,600
Speaker 1: a draft, um. But that you can also make the

688
00:40:09,640 --> 00:40:12,080
Speaker 1: opposite case too, that people have said, well, when we

689
00:40:12,120 --> 00:40:15,960
Speaker 1: had a draft before, we prosecuted at least one like

690
00:40:16,400 --> 00:40:19,880
Speaker 1: by definition unjust for the Vietnam War, and it was

691
00:40:20,000 --> 00:40:23,680
Speaker 1: it was prosecuted by um, Johnson and Nixon, and they

692
00:40:23,840 --> 00:40:27,520
Speaker 1: just kept sending wave after wave of of American soldiers

693
00:40:28,040 --> 00:40:33,319
Speaker 1: into harm's way. And some historians and some political scientists

694
00:40:33,840 --> 00:40:36,920
Speaker 1: say they might not have done that had they not

695
00:40:37,040 --> 00:40:40,279
Speaker 1: known that there was a virtually unlimited pool of soldiers

696
00:40:40,520 --> 00:40:42,960
Speaker 1: that they could just send into Southeast Asia over and

697
00:40:43,000 --> 00:40:46,200
Speaker 1: over again, um, and that we wouldn't be prosecuting wars

698
00:40:46,239 --> 00:40:50,840
Speaker 1: that way between. Okay, I'm sorry. So the the twenty

699
00:40:50,880 --> 00:40:56,240
Speaker 1: seven years before nineventy three, we were engaged in nineteen

700
00:40:56,280 --> 00:40:59,880
Speaker 1: overseas military operations. Between nineteen seventy three and two thousand,

701
00:41:00,040 --> 00:41:03,640
Speaker 1: well we had a hundred and forty four And so

702
00:41:03,680 --> 00:41:05,360
Speaker 1: a lot of people say, no, man, if you have

703
00:41:05,360 --> 00:41:10,320
Speaker 1: a professional army, they're divorced from society. They're basically like here,

704
00:41:10,760 --> 00:41:13,359
Speaker 1: military like, go go handle this. We like, we don't

705
00:41:13,360 --> 00:41:16,160
Speaker 1: like these people anymore we want that oil, go do this,

706
00:41:16,280 --> 00:41:18,080
Speaker 1: Like what do we pay you for? Go do it?

707
00:41:18,640 --> 00:41:21,359
Speaker 1: And the people who are doing this have never been

708
00:41:21,360 --> 00:41:24,279
Speaker 1: in the military, haven't been exposed to military life, and

709
00:41:24,280 --> 00:41:28,080
Speaker 1: are hence maybe a little more instution about sending the

710
00:41:28,120 --> 00:41:32,880
Speaker 1: military in to other countries using a military option. So

711
00:41:33,120 --> 00:41:37,520
Speaker 1: that is like two of the best reasons for or

712
00:41:37,600 --> 00:41:42,120
Speaker 1: against conscription, but they totally contradict each other. And it's

713
00:41:42,200 --> 00:41:44,960
Speaker 1: just fascinating to me that that you can have something

714
00:41:45,000 --> 00:41:53,200
Speaker 1: that's just that ambivalent or ambiguous. I mean, right, yeah,

715
00:41:53,239 --> 00:41:55,800
Speaker 1: I know what you mean. Um, some of the cons

716
00:41:56,360 --> 00:41:59,000
Speaker 1: I mean, the cons are all pretty obvious. It violates

717
00:41:59,000 --> 00:42:02,680
Speaker 1: someone's free will. Uh, it may keep you from going

718
00:42:02,719 --> 00:42:07,920
Speaker 1: to college, put lives at risk for young people. This

719
00:42:07,960 --> 00:42:11,680
Speaker 1: one compromises the quality of military service. That's one that

720
00:42:11,680 --> 00:42:14,920
Speaker 1: that's a big con to me is you're getting sometimes

721
00:42:15,320 --> 00:42:18,680
Speaker 1: people in there that aren't cut out for that and

722
00:42:18,760 --> 00:42:21,560
Speaker 1: couldn't couldn't find a way, and didn't have the wealthy

723
00:42:21,600 --> 00:42:26,279
Speaker 1: father or the shady doctor to get you out of it. Um.

724
00:42:26,600 --> 00:42:28,480
Speaker 1: I mean that is a big one, especially if you

725
00:42:28,680 --> 00:42:30,320
Speaker 1: if you're one of those people who points to the

726
00:42:30,400 --> 00:42:33,160
Speaker 1: American military and say is we've never had a better.

727
00:42:34,320 --> 00:42:36,480
Speaker 1: This is the best version of the U. S Military

728
00:42:36,480 --> 00:42:39,360
Speaker 1: in the history of the country. But let's dilute it

729
00:42:39,400 --> 00:42:44,000
Speaker 1: with millions of of conscripts who don't want to be there, um,

730
00:42:44,040 --> 00:42:46,040
Speaker 1: who we have to spend an inordinate amount of time

731
00:42:46,080 --> 00:42:49,600
Speaker 1: training and sending out to the front lines basically his bodies.

732
00:42:50,040 --> 00:42:53,279
Speaker 1: That's that's a terrible idea. It dilutes the professionalism of

733
00:42:53,320 --> 00:42:57,239
Speaker 1: the military. Yeah, for sure, that's another. That's another one

734
00:42:57,239 --> 00:43:00,000
Speaker 1: that's got it's got to all of these have two

735
00:43:00,080 --> 00:43:03,839
Speaker 1: pretty clear sides to every point, you know. And then

736
00:43:03,880 --> 00:43:06,120
Speaker 1: I think the other the other thing I've seen too

737
00:43:06,160 --> 00:43:07,880
Speaker 1: is so this is I mean, this is not like

738
00:43:07,920 --> 00:43:11,880
Speaker 1: a huge hot debate right now in military and political

739
00:43:11,920 --> 00:43:16,279
Speaker 1: science quarters, but it's it is currently debated. It's just

740
00:43:16,760 --> 00:43:21,600
Speaker 1: the people who are against conscription are not worried about

741
00:43:21,640 --> 00:43:24,040
Speaker 1: this at all. It's just not gonna happen anytime soon, right,

742
00:43:24,320 --> 00:43:27,680
Speaker 1: There's just no reason for it to happen. But um,

743
00:43:27,719 --> 00:43:30,000
Speaker 1: the people who are in favor of it are being

744
00:43:30,040 --> 00:43:33,680
Speaker 1: accused of this being a back door way of changing

745
00:43:34,000 --> 00:43:39,920
Speaker 1: America's interventionist um military usage. That they're they're basically saying, well,

746
00:43:39,960 --> 00:43:41,879
Speaker 1: let's get a draft going, and then people will wake

747
00:43:42,000 --> 00:43:44,400
Speaker 1: up and say, oh, we shouldn't be using the military

748
00:43:44,480 --> 00:43:48,960
Speaker 1: like this um and that that's their real um aim,

749
00:43:49,080 --> 00:43:53,040
Speaker 1: which you know, I guess trying to change strategy by

750
00:43:53,120 --> 00:43:58,080
Speaker 1: introducing conscripts, it's a it's a way to go. I suppose. Yeah,

751
00:43:58,280 --> 00:44:01,120
Speaker 1: it is interesting to just be like to learn about

752
00:44:01,120 --> 00:44:04,000
Speaker 1: something that you have no ideas being discussed or talked about,

753
00:44:04,040 --> 00:44:05,680
Speaker 1: and then when you start looking in it's like, oh

754
00:44:05,719 --> 00:44:08,200
Speaker 1: there's even stuff below the surface, like they're talking about

755
00:44:08,600 --> 00:44:12,680
Speaker 1: grand military strategy really, you know, not just whether people

756
00:44:12,680 --> 00:44:15,879
Speaker 1: should serve their country or not, which is another pro

757
00:44:16,080 --> 00:44:23,480
Speaker 1: that it creates a a unified sentiment among Americans or

758
00:44:23,520 --> 00:44:25,640
Speaker 1: any country. There's plenty of countries out there who do this.

759
00:44:25,920 --> 00:44:29,719
Speaker 1: In North North Korea, you're conscripted for ten years as

760
00:44:29,760 --> 00:44:31,479
Speaker 1: a man and I think six years as a woman.

761
00:44:32,360 --> 00:44:36,120
Speaker 1: Um that there's this sense of like I was in

762
00:44:36,160 --> 00:44:38,839
Speaker 1: the military too, where did you serve I served here? Oh?

763
00:44:38,920 --> 00:44:40,640
Speaker 1: Really did you know this guy? And you know, like

764
00:44:40,680 --> 00:44:44,320
Speaker 1: there's that that common ground, And there's also that mixing

765
00:44:44,400 --> 00:44:47,680
Speaker 1: of all different Americans to where you're meeting with them

766
00:44:47,719 --> 00:44:50,520
Speaker 1: and living with them one on one and you're forming

767
00:44:50,520 --> 00:44:53,600
Speaker 1: a bond, a kinship just through being in the military,

768
00:44:53,680 --> 00:44:56,399
Speaker 1: that if everyone has to go through that, it will

769
00:44:56,480 --> 00:44:59,080
Speaker 1: create like this kind of sense of national unity that

770
00:44:59,120 --> 00:45:01,279
Speaker 1: America is lacking right now. That was another pro that

771
00:45:01,320 --> 00:45:05,000
Speaker 1: I saw very interesting. I'm all out of pros and cons,

772
00:45:05,120 --> 00:45:07,760
Speaker 1: Chuck uh, Well, I read this New York Times article

773
00:45:07,800 --> 00:45:10,239
Speaker 1: that was really interesting talking about Vietnam and then the

774
00:45:10,280 --> 00:45:15,480
Speaker 1: Cold War and how that complicated things and um, since

775
00:45:15,560 --> 00:45:18,839
Speaker 1: World War Two, I think, uh, the Selective Service was

776
00:45:19,000 --> 00:45:23,000
Speaker 1: operated by General Lewis B. Hershey, and like I said earlier,

777
00:45:23,000 --> 00:45:26,080
Speaker 1: I didn't face a lot of criticism until Vietnam. And

778
00:45:26,120 --> 00:45:28,960
Speaker 1: that's when things got really hinky because a a lot

779
00:45:28,960 --> 00:45:31,280
Speaker 1: of people were against the war, and b it became

780
00:45:31,320 --> 00:45:34,560
Speaker 1: pretty clear, even though the Department of Events didn't keep

781
00:45:34,560 --> 00:45:39,480
Speaker 1: records on socio economic status beyond like are you white

782
00:45:39,600 --> 00:45:42,600
Speaker 1: or are you African American, it was pretty clear that

783
00:45:42,640 --> 00:45:45,759
Speaker 1: if you were white and middle class and up, you

784
00:45:45,800 --> 00:45:49,000
Speaker 1: had a much more uh much higher chances of getting

785
00:45:49,040 --> 00:45:53,600
Speaker 1: a deferment. So the Cold War complicated things further because

786
00:45:54,520 --> 00:45:57,400
Speaker 1: it wasn't a war war and it became really clear

787
00:45:57,440 --> 00:45:59,879
Speaker 1: that we needed to like it was, it was all

788
00:45:59,880 --> 00:46:04,239
Speaker 1: about the space race. Or the military race with the Soviets.

789
00:46:05,000 --> 00:46:08,239
Speaker 1: So all of a sudden, Hershey said, he didn't say

790
00:46:08,280 --> 00:46:10,799
Speaker 1: this out loud, but he said, you know what, I'm

791
00:46:10,800 --> 00:46:14,960
Speaker 1: gonna use this, as they called it, We could be

792
00:46:15,239 --> 00:46:20,120
Speaker 1: the storekeeper of America's manpower supply. And basically it's up

793
00:46:20,160 --> 00:46:23,839
Speaker 1: to us how to how to tell these young men

794
00:46:24,840 --> 00:46:28,000
Speaker 1: what lives they're going to live. So not only like,

795
00:46:28,080 --> 00:46:30,759
Speaker 1: let's forget the military for a second, they needed a

796
00:46:30,840 --> 00:46:35,799
Speaker 1: big supply of men and stem fields to develop weapons

797
00:46:35,840 --> 00:46:38,239
Speaker 1: and science and everything to keep up with the Soviets.

798
00:46:38,719 --> 00:46:41,800
Speaker 1: So all of a sudden, the deferments, they started channeling

799
00:46:41,840 --> 00:46:47,120
Speaker 1: these middle class, college aged or college educated white men

800
00:46:47,640 --> 00:46:51,279
Speaker 1: into what they called manpower, channeling into all of these

801
00:46:51,320 --> 00:46:55,320
Speaker 1: other areas of study and research and you know, design

802
00:46:55,360 --> 00:46:58,880
Speaker 1: and manufacturing. So it was just a really interesting time.

803
00:46:59,000 --> 00:47:02,160
Speaker 1: So all of a sudden, like during World War Two,

804
00:47:02,160 --> 00:47:05,240
Speaker 1: if you are a factory worker or an agricultural worker,

805
00:47:05,880 --> 00:47:08,200
Speaker 1: you might get a deferment. Chances were pretty good that

806
00:47:08,239 --> 00:47:11,080
Speaker 1: you might because you were really needed. After that, if

807
00:47:11,120 --> 00:47:12,920
Speaker 1: you had a farmer, you worked in a factory, you

808
00:47:12,960 --> 00:47:16,760
Speaker 1: were out of luck because you weren't like, uh, into

809
00:47:16,800 --> 00:47:20,520
Speaker 1: physics or you know other stem fields or in the

810
00:47:20,560 --> 00:47:25,240
Speaker 1: medical field. So by nine five, all these middle class

811
00:47:25,280 --> 00:47:30,720
Speaker 1: white men kind of expected deferments, which is really interesting.

812
00:47:30,719 --> 00:47:36,000
Speaker 1: And then you had Robert McNamara UH secretary Secretary Defense.

813
00:47:36,840 --> 00:47:39,880
Speaker 1: He started using what they called UH. He wanted to

814
00:47:39,920 --> 00:47:43,719
Speaker 1: get basically black men out of what he called squalid

815
00:47:43,760 --> 00:47:48,920
Speaker 1: ghettos of their own external environment and into the internal

816
00:47:49,000 --> 00:47:53,680
Speaker 1: and more destructive ghetto of personal disillusionment and despair. So

817
00:47:54,320 --> 00:47:57,560
Speaker 1: basically his idea was, we have all these black men

818
00:47:57,560 --> 00:48:00,000
Speaker 1: in this country that would do much better in life

819
00:48:00,040 --> 00:48:03,319
Speaker 1: if we put them in the military. So they hunt.

820
00:48:03,400 --> 00:48:05,960
Speaker 1: So this is just this one guy deciding this. Well,

821
00:48:06,000 --> 00:48:09,120
Speaker 1: I mean, I'm sure it went through channels, but Robert

822
00:48:09,200 --> 00:48:13,319
Speaker 1: McNamara's Secretary of Defense was very powerful. Oh I thought

823
00:48:13,320 --> 00:48:16,080
Speaker 1: this was Hershey, this is Mcnamerican at this point. Yeah,

824
00:48:16,120 --> 00:48:18,239
Speaker 1: this is McNamara who created what was called the New

825
00:48:18,320 --> 00:48:22,080
Speaker 1: Standards model. So these men, they were called New Standards men,

826
00:48:22,600 --> 00:48:26,920
Speaker 1: who were otherwise ineligible for for military service, all of

827
00:48:26,920 --> 00:48:32,560
Speaker 1: a sudden were eligible. So he started basically three d

828
00:48:32,719 --> 00:48:35,520
Speaker 1: and fifty four thousand of these men between sixty six

829
00:48:35,520 --> 00:48:38,920
Speaker 1: and seventy seven who were not previously eligible under the

830
00:48:38,920 --> 00:48:42,720
Speaker 1: New Standards program were and of these men were black,

831
00:48:43,239 --> 00:48:45,400
Speaker 1: and this is when the military was about nine percent

832
00:48:45,480 --> 00:48:48,880
Speaker 1: African American. So he basically was saying, you know, a

833
00:48:48,920 --> 00:48:51,719
Speaker 1: stint in the military as a new standard soldier is

834
00:48:51,800 --> 00:48:54,200
Speaker 1: much better, will make you a better husband, better father,

835
00:48:54,320 --> 00:48:58,160
Speaker 1: a better breadwinner, ultimately in a better citizen. And you're

836
00:48:58,760 --> 00:49:01,879
Speaker 1: basically an infantryman in Vietnam all of a sudden when

837
00:49:01,920 --> 00:49:04,799
Speaker 1: you previously would not have even been in the war. Huh.

838
00:49:04,920 --> 00:49:08,839
Speaker 1: So this ran for five years, and like I said,

839
00:49:08,880 --> 00:49:12,279
Speaker 1: three d fifty four thousand men ended up on the

840
00:49:12,320 --> 00:49:17,319
Speaker 1: front lines of Vietnam and had a decent chance of dying. Yeah,

841
00:49:17,360 --> 00:49:20,279
Speaker 1: I saw that. I think like of the troops in

842
00:49:20,360 --> 00:49:24,399
Speaker 1: Vietnam were draftees, but draftees made up like thirty point

843
00:49:24,480 --> 00:49:29,759
Speaker 1: four percent of the casualties in Vietnam. Um, which goes

844
00:49:29,800 --> 00:49:32,480
Speaker 1: to kind of point out like if you have somebody

845
00:49:32,480 --> 00:49:34,400
Speaker 1: there who's not like, yes, I want to be a soldier,

846
00:49:34,520 --> 00:49:36,440
Speaker 1: teach me how to be a soldier. But they're there

847
00:49:36,480 --> 00:49:39,640
Speaker 1: against their will. There's a really good likelihood that after

848
00:49:39,760 --> 00:49:41,680
Speaker 1: just six months of training they're going to go out

849
00:49:41,680 --> 00:49:44,080
Speaker 1: there and get killed, you know, which is a big

850
00:49:44,120 --> 00:49:49,160
Speaker 1: mark against conscription. And in just about anybody's mind. Yeah,

851
00:49:49,520 --> 00:49:54,000
Speaker 1: that's crazy man. McNamara, he was, yeah, did you ever

852
00:49:54,000 --> 00:49:57,640
Speaker 1: see Fog of War? When he's like, do you buy

853
00:49:57,760 --> 00:50:01,920
Speaker 1: that it dawned on him him what he had done

854
00:50:02,040 --> 00:50:04,680
Speaker 1: or what he was really responsible for, like they're on

855
00:50:04,800 --> 00:50:07,719
Speaker 1: camera or was he just putting on a show. I

856
00:50:07,719 --> 00:50:09,719
Speaker 1: don't know, you know what I'm talking about where he

857
00:50:09,800 --> 00:50:11,640
Speaker 1: kind of like breaks down towards the end and it

858
00:50:11,680 --> 00:50:14,640
Speaker 1: seems like Errol It is an Errol Morris flick, right, Yeah,

859
00:50:14,800 --> 00:50:19,440
Speaker 1: very compelling, Like it sort of lulls you in to

860
00:50:20,080 --> 00:50:24,600
Speaker 1: some great insider information. It's definitely worth watching. It's just

861
00:50:24,640 --> 00:50:27,880
Speaker 1: basically like an interview with Robert McNamara, and in it,

862
00:50:28,239 --> 00:50:32,040
Speaker 1: Errol Morris like basically leads him to the conclusion that

863
00:50:32,120 --> 00:50:36,240
Speaker 1: he really was responsible for a lot of unnecessary death

864
00:50:36,800 --> 00:50:39,960
Speaker 1: because of the Vietnam War and how he prosecuted it

865
00:50:40,000 --> 00:50:43,560
Speaker 1: as Defense Secretary. Yeah. And I kind of mangled that,

866
00:50:43,880 --> 00:50:47,360
Speaker 1: uh op ed in the Times. But it's called and

867
00:50:47,440 --> 00:50:49,799
Speaker 1: you should read this out there in podcast land. It's

868
00:50:49,800 --> 00:50:53,640
Speaker 1: called How the Draft Reshaped America by Amy J. Ruttenberg

869
00:50:53,760 --> 00:50:57,600
Speaker 1: from October of last year. Uh and she's she does

870
00:50:57,600 --> 00:50:59,480
Speaker 1: a much better job than I just did. I'll check

871
00:50:59,520 --> 00:51:01,680
Speaker 1: it out to I'm so ashamed that I didn't read

872
00:51:01,760 --> 00:51:07,200
Speaker 1: something in prep. Don't be Are you got anything else?

873
00:51:07,520 --> 00:51:10,480
Speaker 1: I got nothing else? All right? Well, everybody, that was

874
00:51:10,520 --> 00:51:12,920
Speaker 1: the draft, and if you want to know more about it,

875
00:51:12,960 --> 00:51:15,040
Speaker 1: go type in draft in the search bar at how

876
00:51:15,080 --> 00:51:17,080
Speaker 1: stuff works dot com. And since I said that, it's

877
00:51:17,080 --> 00:51:20,799
Speaker 1: time for a listener mail. Yeah. And you know, we

878
00:51:20,800 --> 00:51:24,279
Speaker 1: didn't get into stuff like the fact that Elvis was

879
00:51:24,360 --> 00:51:29,799
Speaker 1: drafted and weird things like that happened back then. Well yeah,

880
00:51:29,800 --> 00:51:32,200
Speaker 1: and I mean that was a demonstration for how you know,

881
00:51:32,520 --> 00:51:35,279
Speaker 1: everybody is supposedly eligible for the draft, even though that's

882
00:51:35,280 --> 00:51:37,480
Speaker 1: not really how it's always worked out. And I think

883
00:51:37,520 --> 00:51:41,120
Speaker 1: we talked about that in Pacifism too. All Right, I'm

884
00:51:41,120 --> 00:51:46,480
Speaker 1: gonna call this cute kid email from Scotland. Nice. Uh

885
00:51:46,520 --> 00:51:49,920
Speaker 1: And this is from Noah in Scotland and knows writing

886
00:51:49,960 --> 00:51:53,200
Speaker 1: in again. Remember did he write in before? Oh? Yeah, no,

887
00:51:53,280 --> 00:51:56,719
Speaker 1: it was written in plenty Okay, yeah, hey Noah. Well

888
00:51:56,800 --> 00:52:00,440
Speaker 1: Noah and his mom added a little uh PostScript, Dear

889
00:52:00,520 --> 00:52:03,080
Speaker 1: Josh and Chuck, I'm using my mama's email address again

890
00:52:03,880 --> 00:52:06,439
Speaker 1: as she's helping me type, and she's helping me type

891
00:52:06,440 --> 00:52:08,279
Speaker 1: butt and getting better, and my next email will be

892
00:52:08,560 --> 00:52:12,440
Speaker 1: typed just by me. I really liked your Skyscraper's episode

893
00:52:12,480 --> 00:52:14,840
Speaker 1: and wanted to tell you a cool fact. The Shanghai

894
00:52:14,880 --> 00:52:19,160
Speaker 1: Tower in China is one levels high. It's my favorite

895
00:52:19,160 --> 00:52:23,000
Speaker 1: tower because I think it's engineering is the best and uh,

896
00:52:23,000 --> 00:52:27,879
Speaker 1: it's the uh and it's the thing second highest one.

897
00:52:28,160 --> 00:52:32,600
Speaker 1: And she said, she just typed exactly as he said. Uh.

898
00:52:32,600 --> 00:52:35,000
Speaker 1: It's damper is my favorite part. It's a new type

899
00:52:35,239 --> 00:52:38,040
Speaker 1: called a tuned mass damper. This stops it from going

900
00:52:38,040 --> 00:52:40,160
Speaker 1: too far to one side by using a hundred and

901
00:52:40,120 --> 00:52:43,520
Speaker 1: twenty five super strong magnets. The thing my mama likes

902
00:52:43,960 --> 00:52:45,680
Speaker 1: is that the big empty space they need for the

903
00:52:45,719 --> 00:52:49,280
Speaker 1: damper means the sounds is good and there's a music

904
00:52:49,280 --> 00:52:52,319
Speaker 1: hall in there. I got mamma to put on a

905
00:52:52,360 --> 00:52:55,600
Speaker 1: diagram of how it works from a magazine called Popular Mechanics.

906
00:52:56,120 --> 00:52:59,840
Speaker 1: I'm six now, and on my summer holidays, when my

907
00:53:00,000 --> 00:53:02,560
Speaker 1: cousins come around and are being too noisy, I go

908
00:53:02,640 --> 00:53:04,920
Speaker 1: to my room and listen to your next episode or

909
00:53:04,960 --> 00:53:09,120
Speaker 1: my new rawl Doll audio books. You're still funny, but

910
00:53:09,280 --> 00:53:13,480
Speaker 1: sometimes I don't know what you're talking about. Love from

911
00:53:13,480 --> 00:53:17,560
Speaker 1: Noah in Scotland. Uh, and then from mom Rachel She said,

912
00:53:17,560 --> 00:53:19,640
Speaker 1: no his mom here, I hope this makes sense, tried

913
00:53:19,640 --> 00:53:22,320
Speaker 1: to type it verbatim. When you're six year olds knowledge

914
00:53:22,320 --> 00:53:24,920
Speaker 1: of physics vastly outreaches your own, you know it's time

915
00:53:24,960 --> 00:53:28,359
Speaker 1: to call him the big guns. Uh. Have we read

916
00:53:28,360 --> 00:53:30,719
Speaker 1: one from Noah before? Yes? I can't remember what he

917
00:53:30,760 --> 00:53:33,359
Speaker 1: wrote in about but yeah he wrote in back when

918
00:53:33,360 --> 00:53:37,839
Speaker 1: he was five, maybe four, but definitely five. Yeah, he's

919
00:53:37,880 --> 00:53:40,680
Speaker 1: written in and um, mom typed verbatim then too, and

920
00:53:40,680 --> 00:53:43,960
Speaker 1: then kind of added a little pengent saying like unfortunately

921
00:53:44,040 --> 00:53:46,800
Speaker 1: the same thing, like I hope this made sense? All right, Well, Noah,

922
00:53:46,840 --> 00:53:50,440
Speaker 1: we will read one of your emails a year until

923
00:53:51,000 --> 00:53:54,920
Speaker 1: we stop or until you stop listening. Noah's the new Sarah,

924
00:53:55,000 --> 00:53:58,359
Speaker 1: the amazing eleven year old fan that's tried to is

925
00:53:59,280 --> 00:54:02,239
Speaker 1: Geez twenty one now. Yes, you should be coming back

926
00:54:02,239 --> 00:54:05,040
Speaker 1: into the fold again soon. Yeah. We lose them in

927
00:54:05,120 --> 00:54:07,640
Speaker 1: high school and then get them back as it's growing up.

928
00:54:07,680 --> 00:54:11,040
Speaker 1: That's the idea. Yeah. Well, anyway, Noah and your mom

929
00:54:11,120 --> 00:54:13,440
Speaker 1: thank you very much writing in and if you want

930
00:54:13,480 --> 00:54:15,480
Speaker 1: to get in touch with me or Chucker Jerry You

931
00:54:15,480 --> 00:54:17,239
Speaker 1: can go to stuff you Should Know dot com and

932
00:54:17,320 --> 00:54:20,520
Speaker 1: check out all of our social media links and also

933
00:54:21,080 --> 00:54:23,520
Speaker 1: uh you can send us an email directly to stuff

934
00:54:23,560 --> 00:54:31,840
Speaker 1: podcast how Stuff Works dot com for more on this

935
00:54:32,040 --> 00:54:34,520
Speaker 1: and thousands of other topics. Is it how Stuff Works

936
00:54:34,600 --> 00:54:34,680
Speaker 1: up