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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you Missed in History Class from how

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Speaker 1: Stuff Works dot com. Hello and welcome to the podcast.

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Speaker 1: I'm editor Candice Keener, joined by fellow editor Katie Lambert. Say, Candice,

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Speaker 1: Hey Katie, I have a question for you, all right,

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Speaker 1: who let the dogs out of the history books? It's

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Speaker 1: funny you should ask, because today we're going to talk

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Speaker 1: about historical pooches. I love, love, love, love my pooch,

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Speaker 1: and I love historical pooches too. Pooches are humanizing in

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Speaker 1: a way. You you take a historical figure like Hitler,

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Speaker 1: for instance, who were going to discuss who had a dog,

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Speaker 1: and when you learn the way he felt about his dog,

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Speaker 1: it somehow makes him a little bit more human, not

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Speaker 1: a lot more human, because he was a pretty terrible individual,

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Speaker 1: but um it helps aidan or understanding to know how

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Speaker 1: a person treats his or her ut so um like.

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Speaker 1: For instance, remember when President Obama said that after he'd

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Speaker 1: won the election, he was going to get Malia and

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Speaker 1: Sasha a puppy, and everyone was up and armed about

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Speaker 1: what kind of dog they were going to get. Everyone

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Speaker 1: had an opinion, And now the bow is there. He

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Speaker 1: makes a regular appearance in different articles in New York Times,

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Speaker 1: he's had his own presidential pet portrait taken. People just

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Speaker 1: love pooches, and why not. It was embarrassing almost how

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Speaker 1: excited people got about his choosing a dog. I know,

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Speaker 1: I got really excited, and I was like, well, what

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Speaker 1: kinds of hypoallergenic dogs are there? And then I felt

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Speaker 1: kind of silly, But you shouldn't. But to begin with,

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Speaker 1: to help put this in some context other than us

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Speaker 1: just gushing about how cute pooches are, We're going to

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Speaker 1: talk a bit about animal domestication, which is actually a

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Speaker 1: topic that has been requested before by one of you.

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Speaker 1: I don't remember who, but um specifically, canine domestication and

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Speaker 1: animal domestication in general is or can be a hot

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Speaker 1: button issue for some people. Humans used to use animals

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Speaker 1: just as food sources, but then they realized they could

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Speaker 1: be put to use to clothe them and to work

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Speaker 1: for them, to transport them, and even protect them. And

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Speaker 1: some animal rights advocacy groups such as Peter would argue

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Speaker 1: that you're pretting animals in captivity when you use them

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Speaker 1: and you domesticate them in this way, whereas others would

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Speaker 1: argue on behalf of domestication, saying that when a human

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Speaker 1: is caring for an animal, that animal doesn't have to

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Speaker 1: worry about where it's next meal is going to come from,

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Speaker 1: whether or not it's going to get too hot or

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Speaker 1: too cold, whether or not will be protected, has someone

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Speaker 1: to do that for them. And according to Jane McGrath's

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Speaker 1: wonderful article on animal domestication on the site, humans have

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Speaker 1: only domesticated fourteen animal species of about one hundred and

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Speaker 1: forty eight and the shift to domesticating animals came after

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Speaker 1: humans became domesticated, when we went from being hunter gatherers

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Speaker 1: to being farmers. I like that comparison. I like thinking

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Speaker 1: myself as domesticated animals. And the first domesticated dogs were

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Speaker 1: probably in Southwest Asia, and dogs are actually descendants of

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Speaker 1: the gray wolf, and DNA evidence posets that dogs became

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Speaker 1: distinct from wolves anywhere from fifteen thousand to one hundred

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Speaker 1: thousand years ago. It's so hard to picture to bitter

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Speaker 1: as a wolf. I know my little dare T, I

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Speaker 1: I imagine him sometimes as a wolf and he fights

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Speaker 1: me with his sharp teeth. But um, the oldest domesticated

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Speaker 1: dog fossil that we have in the fossil record is

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Speaker 1: fourteen thousand years old, and scientists like to wonder how

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Speaker 1: did dogs get to be dogs from wolves, which are

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Speaker 1: such wild and what we may think of as ferocious animals.

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Speaker 1: Animals change throughout the process of domestication. It seems that

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Speaker 1: domesticated animals brains become smaller actually, and they lose some

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Speaker 1: of their sensory abilities the more domesticated they are. And

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Speaker 1: some common changes, again according to James article, are floppy ears,

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Speaker 1: curly hair, and changes in size and mating habits longer

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Speaker 1: down the generations you go. So there's a bit of

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Speaker 1: behavioral change as well as biology taking place. And as

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Speaker 1: far as behavioral changes go, experts suspect that early humans

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Speaker 1: would leave piles of food scraps around and wolves might

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Speaker 1: come route around in them and just discovered that humans

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Speaker 1: were actually kind of nice because they would give them food,

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Speaker 1: or else humans choken wolf pops and kept them as

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Speaker 1: paths or kept them around, so it could have made

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Speaker 1: them a little bit more docile and their relationship with

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Speaker 1: humans could have evolved like that, or natural selection could

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Speaker 1: have taken place to create the first kind of dog.

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Speaker 1: And what's so interesting about wolves is that you know,

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Speaker 1: they have packed behavior, they decide who was the leader

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Speaker 1: of their pack, and they have this hardwired sense of

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Speaker 1: social hierarchy in place. So when humans came along and

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Speaker 1: became their new masters, it was just natural for the

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Speaker 1: wolf to differ to the human and there you go.

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Speaker 1: The dog eventually develop ups. It wasn't until the nineteenth

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Speaker 1: century that we saw a bunch of new dog breeds actually,

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Speaker 1: and dog shows started to come into vogue, and people

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Speaker 1: would make their own breeds of dogs to do specific purposes,

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Speaker 1: whether that was hunting or protecting or keeping them company.

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Speaker 1: And we know that today they are designer dog breeds

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Speaker 1: for people, mixed breeds with different breeds, and we get

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Speaker 1: things like cockapoos and labradoodles and and teeny teeny tiny

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Speaker 1: versions with dogs. It's like things from Dr SEUs. I

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Speaker 1: just I don't quite understand it. Um. But but pats

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Speaker 1: have a long and ancient history. The Egyptians actually kept

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Speaker 1: dogs as pets, and they really live the high life

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Speaker 1: with attendance and vigeweled collars, and in some instances, dogs

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Speaker 1: were even mummified and entombed with their masters. And I've

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Speaker 1: always been fascinated by the etymology of pet first, because

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Speaker 1: I'm ridiculous and I get fascinated by things like that.

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Speaker 1: But I'd always suspected that the word pet and the

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Speaker 1: concept of pet of all from an object or an animal,

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Speaker 1: that you actually pat verb, and that's not actually true.

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Speaker 1: I was way off base. Whoa Candice Woah? The Online

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Speaker 1: Animology Dictionary says that pat is from uh Scotland and

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Speaker 1: North England, and in fifteen o eight it was used

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Speaker 1: to mean an indulged child, in fifteen thirty nine it

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Speaker 1: was used to refer to an animal kept as a favorite,

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Speaker 1: and not until sixteen twenty nine was it used as

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Speaker 1: a verb that meant to treat as a pet, and

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Speaker 1: not until eighteen eighteen was it a verb meant to stroke.

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Speaker 1: So there you go. Anything you ever wanted to know

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Speaker 1: about the word pet. So without further ado, now that

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Speaker 1: we know how dogs came to be and what a

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Speaker 1: pet actually is, let's get into the historical pooches, and

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Speaker 1: to start off with someone who seriously needs some humanizing,

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Speaker 1: we'll talk about Adolf Hitler's German shepherd a Blondie, and

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Speaker 1: in the summer of nineteen forty three, pretty much the

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Speaker 1: only time he left his bunker was to walk Blondie

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Speaker 1: and his girlfriend Eva Braun didn't like her at all.

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Speaker 1: And the story about Blondie is that Hitler was thinking

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Speaker 1: about committing suicide with cyanide capsules and he wanted to

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Speaker 1: test them out to make sure they hadn't been contaminated

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Speaker 1: by other sources that they still worked, that they were

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Speaker 1: what they said they were, because at this point he

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Speaker 1: was a bit paranoid that people were trying to kill him, understandably,

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Speaker 1: so they gave the cyanide capsules to Blondie, who died immediately.

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Speaker 1: Although Candice, I think you were saying that might not

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Speaker 1: actually be the case. I've read other sources, conflicting sources

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Speaker 1: that explained that Hitler wanted a humane death for his dog,

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Speaker 1: and so he had her put down because he was

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Speaker 1: afraid that if he turned her loose, he didn't know

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Speaker 1: what the people in Berlin would do to her in

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Speaker 1: retaliation against him. Well, and after Blondie died either way,

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Speaker 1: they took Blondie's puppies and shot all of them and

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Speaker 1: then also killed ava bronze dogs. And this was at

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Speaker 1: the very end of Hitler's life period. In April nineteen five,

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Speaker 1: that's when he learned that MUSLINI was killed, and that

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Speaker 1: night he married his girlfriend, dictated his will, they said

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Speaker 1: their goodbyes, and then he shot himself and Ava took

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Speaker 1: the cyanide and their dog was cremated actually and with them.

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Speaker 1: Another historical Preach story that is a little bit warmer

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Speaker 1: and fuzzier is one that came as a request from

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Speaker 1: a listener who wanted to hear us talk about Grayfriars Bobby.

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Speaker 1: And when I read the story of Grayfriars Bobby, uh,

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Speaker 1: it transported me back in time to early spring two

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Speaker 1: thousand seven. Uh. In the very first stages of the

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Speaker 1: Stuff You Should Know podcast, Um, when I was doing

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Speaker 1: it with Chris Poulette and Josh Clark ages Ago, I'm

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Speaker 1: telling you, and we talked about this. Akita named her

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Speaker 1: Chico and basically the story behind her cheeker was that

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Speaker 1: her master died and she waited very patiently for him

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Speaker 1: every day the subways, so she expected him to come back.

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Speaker 1: Very very sad stuff. And the Bobby story is very

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Speaker 1: similar too. In eighteen fifty eight, John Gray died and

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Speaker 1: was buried in Grayfriars Churchyard in Scotland, and he had

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Speaker 1: a little sky terrier named Bobby. And even though John

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Speaker 1: Gray didn't have a very elaborate burial plot, and some

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Speaker 1: people would say it was vastly distinguishable from the rest

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Speaker 1: of the landscape surrounding it, Bobby always knew where his

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Speaker 1: master was, and he waited there and never left except

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Speaker 1: for food. And people would actually come and watch and

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Speaker 1: observe this dog holding vigil by his master's grave. Even

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Speaker 1: a cold hearted robot like me has to cheer up

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Speaker 1: a little bit that one. For fourteen years, grayfriars, Bobby

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Speaker 1: waited there, and today there are little monuments to him,

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Speaker 1: and in his loyalty tears master. And speaking of monuments,

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Speaker 1: there's actually a statue of FDR's little black Scottie Falla

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Speaker 1: near the FDR memorial and the first presidential pet biography

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Speaker 1: was actually written about Falla. The dog was much beloved

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Speaker 1: by the nation and got FDR in trouble once because

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Speaker 1: Falla accompanied him on a trip to the Aleutian Islands,

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Speaker 1: and the rumor spread around in the media was that

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Speaker 1: Falla was left and the President sent back a destroyer

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Speaker 1: ship to go. Can't Falla thereby wasting millions of taxpair dollars,

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Speaker 1: And the President actually answered in a speech which is

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Speaker 1: known as the fall of speech, when he was talking

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Speaker 1: to the Teamsters union and saying that he was perfectly

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Speaker 1: fine with being criticized, but you leave his dog out

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Speaker 1: of it. And you know, if you've never been to

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Speaker 1: the FDR Memorial in Washington, you should go. But don't

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Speaker 1: make the mistake I did, which was walking through it backward.

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Speaker 1: I accidentally started at the end, started at the beginning,

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Speaker 1: I know, because I am brilliant, So I started at

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Speaker 1: the end, and it's very haunting and poignant scenes of

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Speaker 1: what life would have been like in the Great Depression.

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Speaker 1: And but then when you get to the beginning, there's

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Speaker 1: a very nice statue of FDR with Falla. So if

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Speaker 1: you want to be uh depressed and then cheered up,

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Speaker 1: go from the end of the beginning. But if you

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Speaker 1: want the reverse experience, actually go the way the artists

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Speaker 1: intended for you to follow the path. So there you

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Speaker 1: have it. And Falla actually had a pretty nice life.

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Speaker 1: He had his own bone delivered every day on the

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Speaker 1: President's breakfast tray, and the staff was actually told not

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Speaker 1: to feed him anymore because he was so cute. Everyone

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Speaker 1: kept giving him stuff and he got ill. Oh no,

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Speaker 1: another dog they got ill is George Herbert, lord Carnavon's dog,

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Speaker 1: and Lord carnavan actually financed Howard Carter's excavation of King

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Speaker 1: Tut's tomb, and while he was with the excavation party,

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Speaker 1: he was bitten by a mosquito and later became very

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Speaker 1: ill and died well. And then his dog, Susie, who

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Speaker 1: was a Fox terrier, died too, and according to eyewitness reports,

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Speaker 1: Susie supposedly let out a very loud and plaintive how

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Speaker 1: and then just dropped dead. And the media at the time,

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Speaker 1: and Arthur Conan Doyle, who you know is famous for

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Speaker 1: his Sherlock Holmes stories, popularized the idea of the Mommy's

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Speaker 1: curse and how it had affected not only Lord Carnivan

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Speaker 1: but also his dog. So as Green editor Sarah Dowdy,

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Speaker 1: who wrote that article said, who knew the Mummy's curse

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Speaker 1: extends to dogs? And speaking of curses, will go to

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Speaker 1: the Kennedy curse because jfk Jr. Had a little dog

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Speaker 1: named Pashinka who was given to him by Khrushchev. And

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Speaker 1: there were some very cute pictures of of little jfk Jr.

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Speaker 1: Holding the little dog and This might be my favorite

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Speaker 1: fact I came across doing this research from swam Torn's dog.

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Speaker 1: Baltique actually eight off porcelain, drank only mineral water, and

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Speaker 1: had his own chauffeur, according to this particular website, and

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Speaker 1: in his will, Metauran asked that Baltique walk in his

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Speaker 1: funeral procession a very Helmsley like if only he left

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Speaker 1: at gobs and gobs of money, but not all presidential

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Speaker 1: pouchas like follow for instance, how it quite so easy?

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Speaker 1: Little Phido Lincoln was actually stabbed by a drunk man,

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Speaker 1: which is tragic. And then there was a media frenzy

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Speaker 1: around Checkers Nixon, and Nixon was accused of taking cash

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Speaker 1: from private donors and basically just having this giant stock

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Speaker 1: of money that he could use for his own personal purposes.

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Speaker 1: So on September twenty three, n two, he got on

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Speaker 1: TV to defend himself and went into great detail about

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Speaker 1: what all of his money was used for, and what

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Speaker 1: kind of contributions he took and what expenses he had,

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Speaker 1: and made sure to put in a plug for his

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Speaker 1: sweet dog Checkers that his daughter so loved, and the

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Speaker 1: public completely aided up. Some people say he was one

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Speaker 1: of the first to use the media to manipulate his

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Speaker 1: message in such a helpful way, although, of course, with

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Speaker 1: his debate and with Kennedy in nineteen sixty, Kennedy won

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Speaker 1: that one. You see what I mean about about preaches

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Speaker 1: humanizing historical years exactly. And so we think that all

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Speaker 1: of you out there who have pooches, um, well you

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Speaker 1: should email us and tell us all about your adorable pooches,

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Speaker 1: because we love stuff like that, but also tell us

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Speaker 1: who your favorite historical pooches. And actually, speaking of pooches

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Speaker 1: making history and having a hold over people, I have

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Speaker 1: to say that over the past almost year and a

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Speaker 1: half that I've been doing this podcast, it has been

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Speaker 1: such a blast. But I have a sweet little Jack

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Speaker 1: Russell named Jupiter at home, and I've been so busy,

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Speaker 1: you know, regaling all of you with tales of history

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Speaker 1: that I've sadly been missing his formative years. So without

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Speaker 1: further ado, I bid you all adio, and I leave

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Speaker 1: the podcast in Katie's very capable hands, and joining us

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Speaker 1: will be one of our wonderful fellow editors, Sarah Dowity.

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Speaker 1: So thank you all for listening and for your kind

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Speaker 1: emails and ideas Over the past year, and if you

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Speaker 1: want more information about historical pouches and other historical figures,

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Speaker 1: be sure to visit the website at how stuff works

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Speaker 1: dot com. For more on this and thousands of other topics,

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Speaker 1: visit how stuff works dot com let us know what

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Speaker 1: you think, Send an email to podcast at how stuff

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Speaker 1: works dot com, and be sure to check out the

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Speaker 1: stuff you missed in History Class blog on the how

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Speaker 1: stuff works dot com home page