Speaker 1: You're listening to part Time Genius, the production of Kaleidoscope
Speaker 1: and iHeartRadio. Guess what, mango? What's that? Will? All right?
Speaker 2: When I say the words cutting edge science and dogs, Okay,
Speaker 2: you got those two together, what's the first thing you
Speaker 2: think of? Uh?
Speaker 1: Maybe that dog from the Jetsons, like like a robot dog.
Speaker 1: I know Donald Trump has those around tomorrow logo now
Speaker 1: and those just creepy out.
Speaker 2: Yeah, they add some dystopian nightmare fuel for sure, But
Speaker 2: don't worry. Today's episode is about actual dogs, like the cute,
Speaker 2: furry kind good dogs, the ones that we're very big
Speaker 2: fans of. So, for instance, did you know that student
Speaker 2: researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a wearable computer that
Speaker 2: can help prevent injuries in sled dogs and other dogs
Speaker 2: who do different types of physical activity.
Speaker 1: You know, I never really thought of that as a problem,
Speaker 1: but I guess it makes sense. I mean, pulling a
Speaker 1: sled is probably hard.
Speaker 2: Work, makes a lot of sense when you think about
Speaker 2: athletes and others. The dogs are doing the same kind
Speaker 2: of thing, so orthopedic injuries are actually very common, and
Speaker 2: dogs that are doing certain types of work like this
Speaker 2: and these things can cause permanent damage and forced dogs
Speaker 2: to drop out of these long haul races like the Iditarod.
Speaker 2: Usually mushers have to rely on visual observation to tele
Speaker 2: if a dog is starting to suffer. But these days,
Speaker 2: commercial canine exercise monitors like the fit bark, which is
Speaker 2: a thing, can actually track basic activity, but you don't
Speaker 2: get detailed information about gait characteristics. So the folks that
Speaker 2: Georgia Tech created a smart harness, and what it does
Speaker 2: is it sends this alert to the dog's human when
Speaker 2: it detects gate changes, like if the dog is starting
Speaker 2: to favor one side just the tiniest bit, it starts
Speaker 2: to detect this and then the musher can give the
Speaker 2: puppet break or you know, seek veterinary care.
Speaker 1: That is amazing. I also love that they've got like
Speaker 1: a monitor called fit bark. Me too, Me too, I'm
Speaker 1: a fan. Does this new harness have an in I.
Speaker 2: Was hoping you would ask this question, Mango. It's called
Speaker 2: the Wearable Activity and Gate Detection Monitor. Now you might
Speaker 2: think that sounds boring, but if you make it the
Speaker 2: acronym wagged pretty good.
Speaker 1: There is so dog science and dog science puns. I
Speaker 1: love this episode already, so let's get to it.
Speaker 2: Hey, their podcast listeners, Welcome to Part Time Genius. I'm
Speaker 2: Will Pearson and as always, I'm here with my good
Speaker 2: friend mangesh Hot ticket there and over there, sitting in
Speaker 2: a literal pile of puppies. And I thought this was
Speaker 2: going to be at Mango, But there's a combination of
Speaker 2: work that's been done here from our good friend and
Speaker 2: producer Dylan Fagan. You know he likes to knit, right,
Speaker 2: he has knitted weds for each one of these nine dogs,
Speaker 2: and they say fact number one, Fact number two, Fact
Speaker 2: number three. He's named the dogs this, so I think
Speaker 2: what's gonna happen. I'm predicting he's gonna hold up a
Speaker 2: different dog each time we hit one of our nine
Speaker 2: facts here. But that is pretty no idea where these
Speaker 2: puppies came from. But if you hear barking in the background,
Speaker 2: that's what's going on.
Speaker 1: Well, speaking of barking, that's obviously how dogs communicate, right,
Speaker 1: So to some extent it's okay or even helpful, like
Speaker 1: if your dog barks to alert you to a package
Speaker 1: being delivered at the door or something like that. But
Speaker 1: obviously with some dogs, like an old office dog, we
Speaker 1: had it can get out of control.
Speaker 2: It was a nightmare. And my dog now, who is
Speaker 2: named Paul, as you know, very creative name. Paul, loses
Speaker 2: his mind anytime someone comes within fifty feet of the house.
Speaker 2: And we're we have tried the training. We're obviously really
Speaker 2: bad at it. It's quite frustrating, but we.
Speaker 1: Still love him too. Can't help it. Well. Ve's actually
Speaker 1: called this extra barking nuisance barking. And you might have
Speaker 1: heard about these callers that deliver mild shocks when a
Speaker 1: dog starts barking. But animal welfare experts, as you might
Speaker 1: have guessed, say these are not good for dogs. And
Speaker 1: it's not just about the physical discomfort causes. It can
Speaker 1: also exacerbate things like anxiety. It can make the dogs
Speaker 1: more loud or aggressive over time. Then obviously you want
Speaker 1: to avoid that. So there is a technology that can help.
Speaker 1: It's called a calming collar.
Speaker 2: A calming collar that actually sounds like something I could
Speaker 2: use on long days. I don't know if they make
Speaker 2: these for humans yet, but we should look into that.
Speaker 1: Yeah, I mean, I feel like we all could. But
Speaker 1: the way it works is these callers are infused with
Speaker 1: DAP or dog appeasing pheromones. This is a synthetic version
Speaker 1: of the pheromone mama dogs give off when they're nursing
Speaker 1: puppies early in their life and even in adulthood, dogs
Speaker 1: associated with a sense of well being. It is completely
Speaker 1: undetectable to humans, so you or I we wouldn't smell anything,
Speaker 1: but your dog will pick up on it right away.
Speaker 1: And studies have shown that DAP can help dogs calm
Speaker 1: down when they're agitated, and it can make them quiet
Speaker 1: down as well. Most dogs do respond to it, a
Speaker 1: few don't, but since common callers don't have any negative impact,
Speaker 1: they really might be worth a try. That's super interesting.
Speaker 2: It actually ties in nicely with one of the most
Speaker 2: fascinating facts I've found while I was researching this topic.
Speaker 2: So it turns out that dogs can experience quote emotional
Speaker 2: contagion from the smell of human stress, which is super
Speaker 2: interesting that this can happen. And this is a study
Speaker 2: that came out just last year from the University of Bristol.
Speaker 2: So researchers taught a group of pet dogs that a
Speaker 2: bowl in one location contained a treat and a bowl
Speaker 2: placed in a different spot was empty. So pretty soon
Speaker 2: the dogs would just run straight to the treat location,
Speaker 2: no surprise there. Then the researchers added a bowl in
Speaker 2: between the two points, and if a dog went for
Speaker 2: the new bowl quickly, that was considered an optimistic choice
Speaker 2: and the dog believed that there would be a treat.
Speaker 2: So if the dog hesitated, that was considered a sign
Speaker 2: of pessimism, like the dog was thinking, well, just my luck,
Speaker 2: there probably won't be a treat in there, you know
Speaker 2: that that sort of thing.
Speaker 1: That's really interesting. So how did they figure out that
Speaker 1: human stress affects this behavior?
Speaker 2: All?
Speaker 1: Right?
Speaker 2: So they made the dog owners take a math test
Speaker 2: and collected sweat and breath samples while they were doing it.
Speaker 2: This sounds like torture. This was considered stressful. I guess
Speaker 2: none of these people were mathematicians or something like that.
Speaker 2: Then they had the humans listen to relaxing soundscapes and
Speaker 2: collected samples again, and the dogs exposed to the stress
Speaker 2: sense were slow to approach the unfamiliar bowl, but the
Speaker 2: relaxed sense didn't affect them in the same way like.
Speaker 2: The researchers hypothesized that the scent of human stress conferred
Speaker 2: a negative emotional state on the dogs. And they were
Speaker 2: trying to avoid the disappointment of confronting an empty treat bowl.
Speaker 1: Isn't that interesting? That is really not so. I mean,
Speaker 1: a math test is almost the most surprising thing. Yeah,
Speaker 1: but it's great. So if you need to learn how
Speaker 1: to relax and manager stress for Paul's sake, well maybe
Speaker 1: you and Paul could start going to the gym together
Speaker 1: as a stress reliever. That's not gonna happen. But do
Speaker 1: you ever run with the Uh?
Speaker 2: No, Paul's pretty good at walking, but Paul's Paul's a
Speaker 2: pretty chill dog. I don't think he wants to. I
Speaker 2: don't think he wants When he runs, he's running much
Speaker 2: faster than me. Then that happens in quick spurts.
Speaker 1: Got it. So these days dogs aren't just getting exercised
Speaker 1: by going for walks and fetching sticks. They're actually doing
Speaker 1: strength training. And it turns out the science is pretty
Speaker 1: much the same as it is for humans. Like cardio
Speaker 1: is fine, but to stay healthy as we age, we
Speaker 1: need to maintain muscle mass. And if you're trying to
Speaker 1: rehab an injury, building strength and stability is super important.
Speaker 2: You know, It's funny this gave Dylan an idea, because
Speaker 2: now he's holding up a sign that he's drawn. It's
Speaker 2: picture of dogs pumping iron and matching tracksuits. I think
Speaker 2: you gave him some idea.
Speaker 1: Station Well, I can't wait for the fully knit tracksuits
Speaker 1: next season. But instead of track suits, you might want
Speaker 1: to consider getting your pup a weighted dog vest to
Speaker 1: make a romp in the park much more strenuous. So
Speaker 1: these buckle onto the dog's back and have pockets that
Speaker 1: owners fill with different weights of different sizes, and you
Speaker 1: shouldn't exceed ten to twenty percent of your dog's total weight,
Speaker 1: like you want to do less than that, and it's
Speaker 1: only safe to do with fully grown adult dogs. But
Speaker 1: this almost like mimics the exercise pattern of rucking that
Speaker 1: people are doing today. But some people actually also teach
Speaker 1: their dogs to do weight pulling exercises, and these involve
Speaker 1: a long harness that you attached to a heavy object,
Speaker 1: like a gallon of water, and you kind of let
Speaker 1: the dog drag it around. Or if pilates is more
Speaker 1: your dog speed, you can pick up specialized canine resistance
Speaker 1: bands that emphasize proper leg and foot alignment.
Speaker 2: God, that's such a funny image there is.
Speaker 1: A company called an Emotion that makes these, and the
Speaker 1: way it works is the resistant band clips to a
Speaker 1: harness at the dog's shoulders and then it has cuffs
Speaker 1: that slip over the hind feet, so they're hind legs
Speaker 1: get a real workout as they walk. These bands are
Speaker 1: actually designed as therapeutic tools for dogs with certain illnesses
Speaker 1: and injuries, but they're also helpful for overweight dogs who
Speaker 1: just kind of need to get back in shape.
Speaker 2: That is amazing, and the fact that these dogs are
Speaker 2: doing more sophisticated workouts.
Speaker 1: Than we're doing is pretty wild. All right.
Speaker 2: Well, if we're talking about weight training, you know, we
Speaker 2: have to talk about protein, right, If we're going to
Speaker 2: get jackamanga, we got to talk about protein. And you
Speaker 2: might think dogs are carnivores, right, like you would assume that, right,
Speaker 2: But apparently this is a common misperception. It stems from
Speaker 2: the fact that dogs came into our lives as domesticated wolves.
Speaker 2: And wolves aren't just carnivores, they're obligate carnivores, and that
Speaker 2: means that their bodies are meant to run purely on
Speaker 2: animal protein. They can't get what they need from plants.
Speaker 2: But dogs are actually different. Their genetics diverged from wolves
Speaker 2: about twenty to forty thousand years ago, so it's not
Speaker 2: the same thing. And why did that happen Exactly, It's
Speaker 2: all because of us. So when dogs began living in
Speaker 2: close proximity to hear humans, they began eating our leftovers,
Speaker 2: and so over time their bodies adapted to a more
Speaker 2: diverse diet.
Speaker 1: Today, dogs are really omnivores.
Speaker 2: In fact, whole grains, vegetables, and fiber can help balance
Speaker 2: their gi systems and avoid those messy poop situations. But
Speaker 2: if your dog wants to get swoll, like I know
Speaker 2: your dog probably does, or if he's recovering from illness
Speaker 2: or an injury, then yes, science has invented doggie protein
Speaker 2: supplements and this is just fantastic. And so they come
Speaker 2: in different forms like powders, tablets, treats, and many of
Speaker 2: them are made with the same core ingredients you'll find
Speaker 2: than protein powders for humans. This does not mean you
Speaker 2: should share your morning protein shake with your dog, though.
Speaker 2: Our protein powders are full of flavorings and additives and
Speaker 2: this can actually be quite dangerous for dogs.
Speaker 1: That's a good tip, So no athletic greens for spots. No,
Speaker 1: no athletic greens. I actually thought you were going to say,
Speaker 1: like you should give your dog creative right. So this
Speaker 1: is a really inspiring story that I love, dogs like humans,
Speaker 1: can suffer hearing loss and that can have a serious
Speaker 1: impact on their quality of life. So back in the
Speaker 1: nineteen eighties, an audiologist named Curtis Smith took his dog
Speaker 1: to the vet for a checkup, and while he was there,
Speaker 1: he asked if the vet ever saw dogs with hearing problems,
Speaker 1: just kind of out of professional curiosity, right, And the
Speaker 1: vet said yes, but you know, there's nothing you could
Speaker 1: do to treat hearing loss and dogs. So Smith actually
Speaker 1: decides to take this as a challenge, and after a
Speaker 1: few tries, he modifies a human hearing aid to fit
Speaker 1: dog's ears, and today an Animal Hearing and Bioacoustics Laboratory
Speaker 1: at the University of Cincinnati has actually become the center
Speaker 1: of canine audiology treatment. Is that amazing? I love that
Speaker 1: it is the only place in the world where people
Speaker 1: can get certified as animal audiologists and the only clinic
Speaker 1: that does complete hearing assessments and hearing aid fittings for dogs.
Speaker 2: You know, one of the things I love most about
Speaker 2: the research that the team does and that we do
Speaker 2: as we think about these episodes, is you find these
Speaker 2: universities and colleges and places just all around the country,
Speaker 2: and it feels like each one has its own super
Speaker 2: unique specialty, Like I wouldn't have ever thought about a
Speaker 2: premier place for this specialty to exist, But University of Cincinnati.
Speaker 1: That's pretty cool.
Speaker 2: And are they still using modified human hearing aids? Yeah,
Speaker 2: for now they are, which means they're actually pretty pricey.
Speaker 2: They can cost as much as three thousand dollars and
Speaker 2: it is not an overnight fix. You kind of need
Speaker 2: these tests to check your dog's cock clear function because
Speaker 2: dogs have to have a certain level of remaining hearing
Speaker 2: in order to be able to use these hearing aids.
Speaker 2: But if your dog is a good candidate, the next
Speaker 2: step is making molds of their ears, and finally you
Speaker 2: have to get the aids custom fitted and tuned, and
Speaker 2: from there it could take a while for your dog
Speaker 2: to adjust. But you know, the team in Cincinnati is
Speaker 2: working on developing a more affordable hearing aid designed specifically
Speaker 2: for dogs, and if all of this goes well, that'll
Speaker 2: make canine hearing loss treatment, A lot more are accessible.
Speaker 1: Aren't you curious what this doggy hearing lab is called?
Speaker 2: Oh? I wasn't thinking about that, but yes, I want
Speaker 2: to know.
Speaker 1: Now what is it called. It is called the Facility
Speaker 1: for Education and Testing of Canine Hearing and Laboratory for
Speaker 1: Animal Bioacoustics.
Speaker 2: I was trying to keep up with that latch last
Speaker 2: fetch las Okay, I knew.
Speaker 1: It had to be an acronym. That's pretty great.
Speaker 2: Well, wordplay is clearly an important part of dog science here.
Speaker 1: But you know, hearing aids for dogs are.
Speaker 2: Cool, But you know what else is cool? Mango lasers.
Speaker 2: Lasers are also cool. And laser therapy isn't an emerging
Speaker 2: treatment for several common canine conditions, including joint paint, ligament strains,
Speaker 2: wound healing, even things like skin lesions that are caused
Speaker 2: by repetitive licking, which I think we've all had dogs
Speaker 2: that were guilty of that, and it's not super common
Speaker 2: and more studies are needed, but there's been some promising
Speaker 2: research that's showing that it can reduce pain and dogs
Speaker 2: with arthritis, and unlike oral medications or inject it's an
Speaker 2: easy treatment to give.
Speaker 1: The dog just has to lie there while it gets zapped.
Speaker 2: So it's a super easy way to try to treat.
Speaker 1: This and it's not painful.
Speaker 2: This is a low level or cold laser therapy as
Speaker 2: they call it, meaning it's not high powered kind of
Speaker 2: laser treatment that can destroy tissue. However, any type of
Speaker 2: laser treatment can damage vision if you're not careful with this.
Speaker 2: So if you look up pictures of dogs getting laser therapy,
Speaker 2: which I urge you to do this, you'll see that
Speaker 2: they're all wearing goggles or sunglasses, which is pretty terrific
Speaker 2: and adorable at the same time.
Speaker 1: Yeah, I feel like extra cute medical treatments make it
Speaker 1: easier to send your dog to medical treatments. That's right.
Speaker 1: So how does all of this actually help them?
Speaker 2: Well, it's kind of complicated, but the short version of
Speaker 2: it is it's believed that the healing effects of the
Speaker 2: laser happen because it causes lymphatic vessels to expand, which
Speaker 2: helps reduce tissue swelling. It also decreases the release of
Speaker 2: chemicals that cause inflamma and increases blood flow to the
Speaker 2: lasered area, which can promote the healing. Now, it usually
Speaker 2: takes multiple treatments to have an effect, but for dogs,
Speaker 2: each session can be as short as you like, fifteen
Speaker 2: minutes or so.
Speaker 1: That's really interesting. So I see Dylan is holding up
Speaker 1: a puppy with fact number eight on it. But Dylan,
Speaker 1: you're gonna have to keep holding that because we've got
Speaker 1: an ad break. We've got to take move back right
Speaker 1: after this message, Welcome back to Part Time Genius, where
Speaker 1: we're counting down nine facts about modern dog science. You know, well,
Speaker 1: before we talk about this, I did want to say
Speaker 1: I found an article today and this isn't modern dog science,
Speaker 1: but it's amazing how much research is out there about dogs.
Speaker 1: And one of the papers that I guess came out
Speaker 1: somewhat recently is about a list of medieval English dog names.
Speaker 1: That's pretty great. It's amazing. It's everything from Charlemage the
Speaker 1: dog to find well Plotter, Achilles, Geester, best of all
Speaker 1: with B Steve because it's felled in older English. Pretty boy,
Speaker 1: there's all one word with a pr e t I
Speaker 1: boy and have good day was Apparently Kelly Paul is
Speaker 1: not on that list, unfortunately. That's pretty great. So I
Speaker 1: am amazed at how much research is going into keeping
Speaker 1: dogs healthy and treating their illnesses. You know, I feel
Speaker 1: like we grew up as dog lovers, but it's amazing
Speaker 1: how people have become even more obsessive over time and
Speaker 1: then really treat dogs like family.
Speaker 2: I think it just speaks to the importance of dogs
Speaker 2: in our life, how they become like family members. I mean,
Speaker 2: as you know, our daughter's off at college and when
Speaker 2: she calls to check in, the first thing she wants
Speaker 2: to do is get on FaceTime with Paul. Of course,
Speaker 2: Paul has no idea what's going on. I mean, hears
Speaker 2: her voice and everything, and then when she gets home,
Speaker 2: she can't wait.
Speaker 1: To see Paul first.
Speaker 2: But it's it really is amazing, like they do become,
Speaker 2: as you said, part of the family.
Speaker 1: That's incredible. So, you know, one of the hardest things
Speaker 1: about having a dog or any pet really is knowing
Speaker 1: that they'll eventually pass away. And I found this amazing
Speaker 1: New York Times article about dog longevity, and there's a
Speaker 1: quote from a dog owner that, you know, just feels
Speaker 1: pretty poignant. She said, when you adopt a dog, you're
Speaker 1: adopting future heartbreak. But there is a new drug that
Speaker 1: may be able to extend dogs lives now. Of course,
Speaker 1: you can't make your dog immortal, and this isn't a
Speaker 1: product that's on the market yet, but it is being
Speaker 1: developed by a biotech company called Loyal and it's still
Speaker 1: in the clinical study phase, but Loyle says they've completed
Speaker 1: pre clinical trials and a pilot study and they expect
Speaker 1: to get FDA conditional approval later this year. The drug
Speaker 1: is so new it doesn't even have a real name yet.
Speaker 1: It's just known by the identifier lois res or two.
Speaker 1: It's a daily pill for senior dogs and according to Loyle,
Speaker 1: it targets metabolic processes that break down over time, and
Speaker 1: this kind of metabolic dysfunction can drive a lot of
Speaker 1: the ailments we associate with aging, things like coronary artery
Speaker 1: disease or arthritis, or you know, even cancer or cognitive decline.
Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean, all pretty complicated stuff.
Speaker 1: Yeah it is, but the effects of metabolic aging are
Speaker 1: pretty familiar now. Aging dogs tend to lose muscle and
Speaker 1: gain fat, especially around their organs. They can develop insulin resistance,
Speaker 1: which is less likely to lead to doggy diabetes than
Speaker 1: in humans, but it still has negative health effects, And
Speaker 1: of course you can alleviate some of this by making
Speaker 1: sure your dog eats healthy and gets plenty of exercise.
Speaker 1: But Loyal's drug actually inhibits a growth hormone. It's called
Speaker 1: igf one, and this hormone is linked to aging, and
Speaker 1: by reducing the impact of that hormone, loyl actually says
Speaker 1: that you can slow down the progression of metabolic dysfunction.
Speaker 1: Apparently levels of this hormone by size, so Loyal is
Speaker 1: working on different versions of the drug for very large dogs.
Speaker 2: Well, you mentioned large dogs, and we've always heard that
Speaker 2: large dogs don't live as long as small dogs, and
Speaker 2: I feel like we've just seen that anecdotally.
Speaker 1: But is this related to that, Yeah, exactly. So larger
Speaker 1: breeds tend to have very high levels of IGF one,
Speaker 1: up to twenty eight times higher than small dogs. But
Speaker 1: on average, a really big dog like a Great Dane,
Speaker 1: only lives about seven or ten years, but a tiny
Speaker 1: Chihuahua lives fourteen to sixteen years on average, And so
Speaker 1: Loyal says it's drug could increase dogs' lifespans by at
Speaker 1: least a year, and more importantly, it prolongs healthy life,
Speaker 1: so you don't just get more time with your dog.
Speaker 1: Your dog gets more quality time and good health.
Speaker 2: That is amazing, and you have to wonder, like if
Speaker 2: there are implications for human health here too. You know,
Speaker 2: it's a perfect lead than to our final fact of
Speaker 2: the day. Hold it up, Dylan, all right, last back
Speaker 2: number nine. A roomatology professor at Yale School of Medicine
Speaker 2: has developed a cancer vaccine for dogs. His name is
Speaker 2: doctor Mark Mamula, and he spent years studying autoimmune diseases
Speaker 2: like lupus, where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues,
Speaker 2: and eventually he shifted this expertise into cancer research, and
Speaker 2: there's been a ton of interest in Immunotherapy is a
Speaker 2: cancer treatment, as you well know, and the idea is
Speaker 2: that certain drugs can stimulate the immune system to attack
Speaker 2: these cancer cells.
Speaker 1: Yeah, I've definitely heard about that and it's fascinating. But
Speaker 1: how do dogs get involved in all of this?
Speaker 2: So in twenty fifteen, Mamula met a veterinary oncologist named
Speaker 2: Gary Post at a party and they start talking about
Speaker 2: cancer and animals. You know, when you're a party and
Speaker 2: you want to talk about uplifting things like cancer and animals.
Speaker 2: But apparently one in four dogs will get cancer at
Speaker 2: some point in their lives. So Mamula had a first
Speaker 2: hand experience of this his own dog had tragically died
Speaker 2: from cancer, and in their conversation, he and Post realize
Speaker 2: that human and canine cancers are actually very similar in
Speaker 2: terms of how they behave, but there are way more
Speaker 2: treatment options, obviously for humans.
Speaker 1: So they decided to come up with something for dogs
Speaker 1: that's exactly right.
Speaker 2: And they call it an immunotherapeutic vaccine because remember it's
Speaker 2: stimulating an immune response, but it's given as a treatment
Speaker 2: after a dog has been diagnosed with cancer. And what
Speaker 2: it does it tells the immune cells to crank out
Speaker 2: antibodies that attack two specific proteins that help cancerous tumors grow. So,
Speaker 2: according to Mammula, it's more effective than many existing treatments
Speaker 2: because it generates this polyclonal response. In other words, it
Speaker 2: gets multiple types of immune cells involved in antibody production,
Speaker 2: not just one type, and that makes it harder for
Speaker 2: the cancer cells to develop resistance. And still in the
Speaker 2: clinical trial phase, but so far over three hundred dogs
Speaker 2: have been treated, and for some types of cancer, the
Speaker 2: twelve month survival rate has gone from thirty five percent
Speaker 2: to sixty percent, so obviously showing promising results.
Speaker 1: This could be a major breakthrough. That's so amazing. I
Speaker 1: know you probably have a lot of holiday parties to
Speaker 1: go to. How many diseases are can occur?
Speaker 2: Yeah, it's a fair question, a lot of pressure.
Speaker 1: So I mean I am curious though, like if human
Speaker 1: and dog cancers are similar, Like, could this actually improve
Speaker 1: immunotherapy options for people as well?
Speaker 2: Yeah, it's certainly possible, But for right now, Mammulas says
Speaker 2: he's happy to focus on people's best friends.
Speaker 1: Well, I think for sharing that amazing fact and the
Speaker 1: fact that you actually have a dog and I don't
Speaker 1: have a dog, this one goes out to you and Paul.
Speaker 2: I was predicting you might go that way just for
Speaker 2: that reason. Well, on behalf of Paul, all of Paul's barking,
Speaker 2: and all of the people who've tried to deliver packages
Speaker 2: at our house.
Speaker 1: I will accept this award. Well, that is it for
Speaker 1: today's episode. As you may have guessed, we're animal lovers
Speaker 1: here at PTG, so you can always always tag us
Speaker 1: in your pet posts. I don't know if you know this,
Speaker 1: but Will and I and our colleague Jason previously had
Speaker 1: started a weird at mental floss called poppies wearing hats
Speaker 1: eating bacon sharing fat.
Speaker 2: Yes, puppy's wearing hats heed bacon sharing facts.
Speaker 1: So if you want to share any of your puppy
Speaker 1: photos with us, we would love to see him. But
Speaker 1: if you like our show, please rate and review us online.
Speaker 1: You can find us at part Time Genius on Instagram
Speaker 1: and from Gabe, Dylan, Mary, Will and myself. Thank you
Speaker 1: so much for listening. We'll be back with new episodes
Speaker 1: very very soon. Part Time Genius is a production of
Speaker 1: Kaleidoscope and iHeartRadio. This show is hosted by Will Pearson
Speaker 1: and Me Mongas Chatikler and research by our good pal
Speaker 1: Mary Philip Sandy. Today's episode was engineered and produced by
Speaker 1: the wonderful Dylan Fagan with support from Tyler Klang. The
Speaker 1: show is executive produced for iHeart by Katrina Norvel and
Speaker 1: Al Perry, with social media support from Sasha Gay, trustee
Speaker 1: Dara Potts and Viney Shorey. For more podcasts from Kaleidoscope
Speaker 1: and iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever
Speaker 1: you listen to your favorite shows.