1
00:00:00,280 --> 00:00:02,840
Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera.

2
00:00:03,160 --> 00:00:07,560
Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff you Should Know

3
00:00:08,160 --> 00:00:16,400
Speaker 1: from House Stuff Works dot com? Hey, and welcome to

4
00:00:16,440 --> 00:00:19,480
Speaker 1: the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. With me is always a

5
00:00:19,560 --> 00:00:24,319
Speaker 1: child to beat? Chuck Bryant liar you you could tell

6
00:00:25,000 --> 00:00:27,640
Speaker 1: there's the ways you can find out Chuck. Sure. Um,

7
00:00:27,680 --> 00:00:29,720
Speaker 1: we'll get to that in a minute. There's stuff you

8
00:00:29,760 --> 00:00:32,840
Speaker 1: should know. Let me finish. Okay, and it's you lie.

9
00:00:33,640 --> 00:00:38,240
Speaker 1: Remember that guy Joe joey Pants or whatever the congressman's

10
00:00:38,280 --> 00:00:40,520
Speaker 1: name was. Yeah, Saturday night Life. That is a funny

11
00:00:40,520 --> 00:00:42,800
Speaker 1: skit that he had gotten a whole group of people

12
00:00:42,840 --> 00:00:45,960
Speaker 1: that all stayed up at once, wasn't the deal? And

13
00:00:46,200 --> 00:00:48,360
Speaker 1: well yeah, and he supposed he had a whole group

14
00:00:48,360 --> 00:00:50,400
Speaker 1: of senators that we're gonna all stand up and yell

15
00:00:50,479 --> 00:00:53,360
Speaker 1: you lie. And then he was the only one that

16
00:00:53,440 --> 00:00:56,120
Speaker 1: did it because he was out of the room when

17
00:00:56,120 --> 00:00:57,680
Speaker 1: they were like, no, we can't do that. I think

18
00:00:57,680 --> 00:01:02,480
Speaker 1: that will say that that's funny. Yeah. So um, we're

19
00:01:02,480 --> 00:01:04,880
Speaker 1: talking about a lot of detectors. But let me take

20
00:01:04,920 --> 00:01:08,640
Speaker 1: you back to a little place in time and space

21
00:01:09,040 --> 00:01:15,760
Speaker 1: called the jazz age. Early nineteen twenties. Yeah, no, that's

22
00:01:15,840 --> 00:01:19,400
Speaker 1: the beat Nicks that did that. Um, I'm sure a

23
00:01:19,480 --> 00:01:23,000
Speaker 1: jazz person snapped their fingers at one point. Um, but

24
00:01:23,120 --> 00:01:27,839
Speaker 1: not like that, right, It was more like like Coltrane style,

25
00:01:29,360 --> 00:01:34,520
Speaker 1: just like that. Anyway. This is Chuck in Berkeley, California,

26
00:01:35,200 --> 00:01:38,080
Speaker 1: at u c l A, Berkeley, And there is a

27
00:01:38,240 --> 00:01:42,000
Speaker 1: place there called um the College Hall, which was a

28
00:01:42,040 --> 00:01:47,199
Speaker 1: women's dorm. And in that year there were a theft,

29
00:01:47,280 --> 00:01:49,680
Speaker 1: a string of there was a string of um thefts,

30
00:01:50,360 --> 00:01:55,960
Speaker 1: cash rings, um, pretty much anything of value went missing

31
00:01:56,000 --> 00:01:59,200
Speaker 1: for a little while there. And uh, there is a

32
00:01:59,240 --> 00:02:04,680
Speaker 1: man working at the Berkeley Police Department, Okay, called College Hall.

33
00:02:05,520 --> 00:02:07,400
Speaker 1: There was a man working in the in the Berkeley

34
00:02:07,400 --> 00:02:10,280
Speaker 1: Police Department. His name is John Larson. And John Larson

35
00:02:10,320 --> 00:02:14,680
Speaker 1: was the first cop ever to have a PhD. And

36
00:02:14,840 --> 00:02:20,519
Speaker 1: he had gotten interested in this device called a cardio

37
00:02:20,760 --> 00:02:25,160
Speaker 1: newmo psychograph, which had been invented just a few years

38
00:02:25,160 --> 00:02:29,200
Speaker 1: before by another guy named William Marston. And William Marson

39
00:02:29,360 --> 00:02:33,160
Speaker 1: was a lawyer in a Harvard shrink and he also,

40
00:02:33,720 --> 00:02:37,560
Speaker 1: as an aside, created Wonder Woman with her Lasso of Truth.

41
00:02:38,480 --> 00:02:42,440
Speaker 1: He's the guy who invented the what's now called the polygraph.

42
00:02:42,680 --> 00:02:45,560
Speaker 1: But what about the Wonder Woman? He created Wonder Woman,

43
00:02:45,880 --> 00:02:49,200
Speaker 1: the character he was kind of a renaissance man. But

44
00:02:49,240 --> 00:02:51,960
Speaker 1: that's William Marson. John Larson works at the at the

45
00:02:51,960 --> 00:02:54,919
Speaker 1: Berkeley Police Department, and he's become interested in this thing,

46
00:02:55,120 --> 00:02:59,360
Speaker 1: the cardio neumo psychograph, and he realizes, okay, this is

47
00:02:59,400 --> 00:03:03,160
Speaker 1: a perfect chance to apply it. So he rounds up,

48
00:03:03,200 --> 00:03:06,000
Speaker 1: you know, some suspects. He does some some normal police

49
00:03:06,040 --> 00:03:07,840
Speaker 1: work and finds out who the suspects are in this

50
00:03:08,240 --> 00:03:10,920
Speaker 1: in this hall, and he rounds him up, brings him

51
00:03:10,919 --> 00:03:12,920
Speaker 1: down the station, and he starts hooking people up to

52
00:03:13,000 --> 00:03:16,560
Speaker 1: this um, this machine. And he gets to this one woman,

53
00:03:17,360 --> 00:03:22,359
Speaker 1: her name is Helen Graham, and guilty, yes, pretty much

54
00:03:22,400 --> 00:03:24,480
Speaker 1: is what he does. He goes U ms Graham, this

55
00:03:24,520 --> 00:03:27,079
Speaker 1: machine is saying that you're that you took this, that

56
00:03:27,120 --> 00:03:30,000
Speaker 1: you you took the money, you know, did you? Um?

57
00:03:30,080 --> 00:03:32,480
Speaker 1: And he said that he noted on the machine a

58
00:03:32,600 --> 00:03:35,480
Speaker 1: sharp drop in blood pressure followed by a sudden rise.

59
00:03:36,000 --> 00:03:38,080
Speaker 1: And then after that this woman flew into a rate.

60
00:03:38,160 --> 00:03:41,760
Speaker 1: She tried to attack the machine. She went crazy, so

61
00:03:41,840 --> 00:03:44,960
Speaker 1: they they basically string her along for a few days

62
00:03:44,960 --> 00:03:47,960
Speaker 1: and then finally she confesses and it's the first time

63
00:03:48,000 --> 00:03:51,640
Speaker 1: that a polygraph was ever used to to um solve

64
00:03:51,680 --> 00:03:54,800
Speaker 1: a crime. Ever, that that was probably the heyday because

65
00:03:54,920 --> 00:03:57,040
Speaker 1: before the people knew what it was, they could just

66
00:03:57,080 --> 00:03:59,800
Speaker 1: say this machine says that you're guilty, and they would be,

67
00:04:00,320 --> 00:04:04,640
Speaker 1: oh my god, that's exactly right. Very early on, some

68
00:04:04,720 --> 00:04:07,400
Speaker 1: of the early proponents, specifically a guy named a Leonard

69
00:04:07,480 --> 00:04:12,240
Speaker 1: keeler Um recognized the placebo effect value before anyone knew

70
00:04:12,240 --> 00:04:14,760
Speaker 1: there was a placebo effect. That the placebo effect value

71
00:04:14,920 --> 00:04:18,719
Speaker 1: of a polygraph. That just the idea if you believed

72
00:04:18,760 --> 00:04:22,000
Speaker 1: in this machine and that it could rude outlies, then

73
00:04:22,440 --> 00:04:25,120
Speaker 1: it could force you to confess. Just being hooked up

74
00:04:25,120 --> 00:04:27,200
Speaker 1: to it, you weren't going to pass it. They should

75
00:04:27,200 --> 00:04:30,200
Speaker 1: have called it the guilt box. They called it the

76
00:04:30,240 --> 00:04:32,960
Speaker 1: magic lie detector is one of the one of the

77
00:04:32,960 --> 00:04:35,120
Speaker 1: facts that they called it. Yeah, Leonard Keiler called it that.

78
00:04:35,200 --> 00:04:38,000
Speaker 1: He worked with John Larson at the Berkeley Police Department,

79
00:04:38,320 --> 00:04:41,960
Speaker 1: and eventually, over time John Larson saw the what he

80
00:04:42,080 --> 00:04:44,920
Speaker 1: considered the truth behind the lie detector and the fact

81
00:04:44,920 --> 00:04:47,320
Speaker 1: that it kept being cold light detector, which is driving

82
00:04:47,360 --> 00:04:51,400
Speaker 1: him crazy um and he eventually distanced himself from it.

83
00:04:51,520 --> 00:04:54,480
Speaker 1: Later on in his career. UM, but Leonard Keeler ran

84
00:04:54,480 --> 00:04:57,760
Speaker 1: around marketing it to anyone and everyone, saying, just having

85
00:04:57,800 --> 00:05:01,719
Speaker 1: this is going to not only help you hire um,

86
00:05:02,120 --> 00:05:06,599
Speaker 1: more more truthful, forthright people, but it's going to keep

87
00:05:06,640 --> 00:05:08,480
Speaker 1: them in line while they're working for you, because they

88
00:05:08,480 --> 00:05:10,480
Speaker 1: know you've got access to this thing and you can

89
00:05:10,520 --> 00:05:13,479
Speaker 1: strap them to it at any time. Yeah, so that's

90
00:05:13,480 --> 00:05:16,280
Speaker 1: where the polygraph came from. Yeah, there's a little prehistory

91
00:05:16,320 --> 00:05:18,680
Speaker 1: to just to give them their due. Uh. In e

92
00:05:19,839 --> 00:05:25,279
Speaker 1: Cesaire lambroso he's an Italian criminologist. He measured changes in

93
00:05:25,279 --> 00:05:28,720
Speaker 1: blood pressure for police cases in in nineteen o four

94
00:05:28,760 --> 00:05:34,440
Speaker 1: a device by Vittorio Bernosi measured breathing and so they

95
00:05:34,440 --> 00:05:37,120
Speaker 1: were early nineteen hundreds, late eighteen hundreds. They were kind

96
00:05:37,160 --> 00:05:40,760
Speaker 1: of on the scene of of measuring these things in.

97
00:05:41,120 --> 00:05:45,039
Speaker 1: Dr James Mackenzie in nineteen o six first mentioned the

98
00:05:45,040 --> 00:05:48,680
Speaker 1: word polygraph with his instrument that he didn't use to

99
00:05:48,760 --> 00:05:52,920
Speaker 1: root out the truth, but for uh he did use

100
00:05:52,960 --> 00:05:56,680
Speaker 1: it when giving medical examination. ZO and then right before

101
00:05:56,680 --> 00:06:00,520
Speaker 1: the polygraph was the unigraph unigraph, which was part of

102
00:06:00,880 --> 00:06:05,600
Speaker 1: what's still used today in the polygraph UM. It measured respiration.

103
00:06:07,000 --> 00:06:09,400
Speaker 1: Pretty cool, yeah, Um, but then you add to it

104
00:06:09,440 --> 00:06:12,080
Speaker 1: a couple of other things and you got the polygraph.

105
00:06:12,279 --> 00:06:14,560
Speaker 1: We could stop here. This is interesting enough right now.

106
00:06:14,720 --> 00:06:19,560
Speaker 1: So there's no uh you really, there's no um, no

107
00:06:19,640 --> 00:06:22,800
Speaker 1: one walking the planet who has anything to do with

108
00:06:23,320 --> 00:06:27,839
Speaker 1: polygraphs that call them lie detectors, And anyone, even the

109
00:06:27,880 --> 00:06:34,560
Speaker 1: most ardent defender of polygraph technology would correct you if

110
00:06:34,600 --> 00:06:36,560
Speaker 1: you called it a lie detector. They would be like,

111
00:06:36,600 --> 00:06:39,000
Speaker 1: it's it's not a lie detector because you can't detect

112
00:06:39,000 --> 00:06:42,240
Speaker 1: a lot. It's possible. The whole basis of a polygraph

113
00:06:42,440 --> 00:06:46,440
Speaker 1: is that it is a set of um medical instruments

114
00:06:46,440 --> 00:06:49,880
Speaker 1: that use to measure changes in things like your heart rate,

115
00:06:50,600 --> 00:06:56,320
Speaker 1: your respiration um and sweatiness. Basically, I would fail. Um, well,

116
00:06:56,360 --> 00:06:58,520
Speaker 1: a lot of people do fail, and we'll get to that.

117
00:06:59,120 --> 00:07:03,640
Speaker 1: But um oh because of your sweat Yeah, that's okay.

118
00:07:04,120 --> 00:07:09,960
Speaker 1: They would they would even hook me up. Um. So,

119
00:07:10,320 --> 00:07:12,840
Speaker 1: when you're hooked up to this machine. The whole point

120
00:07:12,920 --> 00:07:15,960
Speaker 1: is that it measures these physiological changes in the idea

121
00:07:16,040 --> 00:07:19,080
Speaker 1: that there you're going to undergo physiological changes based on

122
00:07:19,160 --> 00:07:22,960
Speaker 1: the concept that a person hooked this machine who is

123
00:07:23,000 --> 00:07:27,200
Speaker 1: guilty will experience fear that they're going to be detected.

124
00:07:28,000 --> 00:07:32,520
Speaker 1: So this machine is designed to detect that fear, that's right,

125
00:07:32,520 --> 00:07:37,280
Speaker 1: which is really round about. But for a century almost

126
00:07:37,840 --> 00:07:41,240
Speaker 1: these things were used um and abused, and it took

127
00:07:41,240 --> 00:07:43,680
Speaker 1: a while for people to kind of catch on that.

128
00:07:44,120 --> 00:07:47,560
Speaker 1: There's a lot to criticize here with polygraphs, yeah, for sure,

129
00:07:47,960 --> 00:07:50,800
Speaker 1: but they're still used, all right, So let's get into

130
00:07:50,880 --> 00:07:53,320
Speaker 1: this um. First of all, we need to point out

131
00:07:53,360 --> 00:07:57,120
Speaker 1: that analog polygraphs are what you have long seen in

132
00:07:57,240 --> 00:08:00,160
Speaker 1: movies and TV when they have the little jit he

133
00:08:00,360 --> 00:08:02,520
Speaker 1: uh looks like a seismic graph on the on the

134
00:08:02,560 --> 00:08:06,480
Speaker 1: paper scrolling by, and uh, you're hooked up to all

135
00:08:06,480 --> 00:08:08,800
Speaker 1: these different things on your chest, in your forehead and

136
00:08:08,800 --> 00:08:13,680
Speaker 1: your fingertips. These days they do that digitally, but it's

137
00:08:13,720 --> 00:08:17,640
Speaker 1: basically still the same technique. They just don't use the

138
00:08:17,680 --> 00:08:20,760
Speaker 1: little scrolling needle. Do They have a name for that.

139
00:08:22,000 --> 00:08:26,280
Speaker 1: It's called an inkfield pen. It is, okay. But the

140
00:08:26,320 --> 00:08:29,520
Speaker 1: three things that they do, Josh, They measure your respiratory rate,

141
00:08:29,560 --> 00:08:32,800
Speaker 1: as you said, They take newmographs, which are rubber tubes

142
00:08:32,840 --> 00:08:35,960
Speaker 1: filled with air time around your chest and your abdomen,

143
00:08:36,360 --> 00:08:39,840
Speaker 1: and that is going to measure whether or not you're

144
00:08:39,880 --> 00:08:42,520
Speaker 1: you know, you start breathing heavy essentially when you get nervous.

145
00:08:42,600 --> 00:08:45,320
Speaker 1: It monitors your breathing pattern and any changes to it,

146
00:08:45,360 --> 00:08:48,000
Speaker 1: and it does it pretty cleverly. Right. Yeah. With bellows,

147
00:08:48,040 --> 00:08:50,920
Speaker 1: it it's they're filled with air. So when you when

148
00:08:50,920 --> 00:08:53,360
Speaker 1: you breathe in real deeply or have a change, it's

149
00:08:53,400 --> 00:08:57,400
Speaker 1: going to displace that into the bellows and that will

150
00:08:57,760 --> 00:09:00,439
Speaker 1: Originally that was attached the bellows were literally attached to

151
00:09:00,440 --> 00:09:03,679
Speaker 1: the mechanical arm that showed the change. These days is

152
00:09:03,760 --> 00:09:08,360
Speaker 1: a it's a transducer that converts it digitally electronically, right,

153
00:09:08,520 --> 00:09:13,480
Speaker 1: it converts it to an electrical pattern, right, Yeah, the

154
00:09:13,520 --> 00:09:16,360
Speaker 1: same thing. Yeah, Um no, I think it looks a

155
00:09:16,360 --> 00:09:18,680
Speaker 1: lot like it. If you look, there's a picture of

156
00:09:18,679 --> 00:09:21,800
Speaker 1: a modern one in the ground. It looks just like

157
00:09:21,920 --> 00:09:23,640
Speaker 1: But yeah, it's not a it's not a paper read

158
00:09:23,679 --> 00:09:27,040
Speaker 1: out any longer, which is kind of interesting, Like this

159
00:09:27,160 --> 00:09:31,680
Speaker 1: technology hasn't hasn't changed on a very fundamental basis for

160
00:09:31,720 --> 00:09:34,040
Speaker 1: like a hundred years almost. Yeah, I mean the early

161
00:09:34,080 --> 00:09:36,280
Speaker 1: one from Mackenzie in nineteen o six. They say that

162
00:09:36,360 --> 00:09:40,520
Speaker 1: a lot of the same components are still very similar today. Right. Um,

163
00:09:40,920 --> 00:09:43,040
Speaker 1: you also are going to have so you're gonna have

164
00:09:43,040 --> 00:09:45,400
Speaker 1: two tubes, one around your chest, one around your abdomen.

165
00:09:46,000 --> 00:09:49,400
Speaker 1: It's um keeping an eye on your breathing. Um. You're

166
00:09:49,440 --> 00:09:53,600
Speaker 1: going to have a blood pressure cuff which UM, which

167
00:09:53,720 --> 00:09:56,840
Speaker 1: keeps an eye on your heart rate and your blood pressure.

168
00:09:57,320 --> 00:10:00,520
Speaker 1: And it does it through sound, right, Yeah, realize this.

169
00:10:00,800 --> 00:10:03,000
Speaker 1: So when you're when the blood comes in and out

170
00:10:03,000 --> 00:10:06,480
Speaker 1: of your veins, it creates sound. And sound can also

171
00:10:06,520 --> 00:10:10,959
Speaker 1: be used to displace air, causing of bellows to contract,

172
00:10:11,800 --> 00:10:15,160
Speaker 1: which again moved the arm on the scroll and now

173
00:10:15,600 --> 00:10:19,480
Speaker 1: is created or turned into an electrical pattern. Um. But

174
00:10:19,520 --> 00:10:22,120
Speaker 1: it's the same thing, but it's sound, which I just

175
00:10:22,240 --> 00:10:24,840
Speaker 1: think is very neat. Well, and what's also neat is

176
00:10:25,320 --> 00:10:27,480
Speaker 1: the sweat one. I figured they would have some sort

177
00:10:27,520 --> 00:10:32,440
Speaker 1: of like a moisturerometer just to detect moisture. But it's

178
00:10:32,440 --> 00:10:38,240
Speaker 1: called galvanic skin resistance or GSR or electrodermal activity, that's right.

179
00:10:38,280 --> 00:10:41,760
Speaker 1: And they hook up these fingerplates to galvanometers and they

180
00:10:41,800 --> 00:10:45,760
Speaker 1: are basically measuring the skin's ability to conduct electricity. And

181
00:10:45,800 --> 00:10:48,320
Speaker 1: if your skin is moist it's going to be able

182
00:10:48,320 --> 00:10:51,880
Speaker 1: to conduct electricity easier. And that's what they're measuring there.

183
00:10:51,960 --> 00:10:55,520
Speaker 1: It's like the ones the little um heart rate monitors

184
00:10:55,559 --> 00:10:59,080
Speaker 1: that they clip to your fingertips in the hospital. But

185
00:10:59,200 --> 00:11:04,240
Speaker 1: these things as your electricity instead, uh, which if you

186
00:11:04,360 --> 00:11:09,000
Speaker 1: are dry, you're going to conduct less of electricity. If

187
00:11:09,040 --> 00:11:12,000
Speaker 1: you're wet, you're gonna conduct more so since you have

188
00:11:12,040 --> 00:11:14,200
Speaker 1: so many pores on the end of your fingers and

189
00:11:14,280 --> 00:11:18,560
Speaker 1: you sweat when you're nervous. There you go. Done. So

190
00:11:18,920 --> 00:11:21,720
Speaker 1: you put all this together and um, it paints this picture.

191
00:11:22,000 --> 00:11:25,040
Speaker 1: It's the A c l U among other people have

192
00:11:25,160 --> 00:11:29,360
Speaker 1: decried as just what are you doing here? Basically is

193
00:11:29,400 --> 00:11:33,600
Speaker 1: what the A c l U says, right, Um, what

194
00:11:33,600 --> 00:11:37,640
Speaker 1: what you have is a picture of a person who

195
00:11:37,880 --> 00:11:43,920
Speaker 1: is undergoing stress, maybe feeling embarrassment, is maybe just scared

196
00:11:43,960 --> 00:11:47,320
Speaker 1: to be there. Uh, maybe doesn't like having things wrapped

197
00:11:47,320 --> 00:11:51,120
Speaker 1: around his or her chest. Um, maybe doesn't really like

198
00:11:51,320 --> 00:11:56,839
Speaker 1: the person asking the questions. The results of these these

199
00:11:56,960 --> 00:12:02,000
Speaker 1: um changes in pattern, the data is totally subjective, that's right,

200
00:12:02,400 --> 00:12:06,880
Speaker 1: which makes polygraphs totally subjective, which takes it in large

201
00:12:06,880 --> 00:12:10,280
Speaker 1: part out of the realm of science. Yeah, voodoo science

202
00:12:10,360 --> 00:12:13,679
Speaker 1: is what they call it. And uh. Although proponents will

203
00:12:13,679 --> 00:12:18,160
Speaker 1: say that a well trained forensic psychophysiologists, which is the

204
00:12:18,200 --> 00:12:22,000
Speaker 1: examiner can get through all that to still get a

205
00:12:22,040 --> 00:12:24,440
Speaker 1: good result. They're like, yeah, they know all this stuff,

206
00:12:24,880 --> 00:12:27,320
Speaker 1: and if you're good, then you can factor that in

207
00:12:27,480 --> 00:12:30,160
Speaker 1: and still get a good result. So let's talk about

208
00:12:30,200 --> 00:12:35,440
Speaker 1: what the forensic psychophysiologist does. There's apparently I've seen anywhere

209
00:12:35,480 --> 00:12:37,600
Speaker 1: between five thousand and ten thousand of them in the

210
00:12:37,679 --> 00:12:42,880
Speaker 1: US at any given time, UM, And some of them

211
00:12:43,080 --> 00:12:48,480
Speaker 1: belong to professional organizations. I think probably maybe half or third,

212
00:12:49,000 --> 00:12:51,640
Speaker 1: depending on where you are in the on that estimate.

213
00:12:52,480 --> 00:12:57,400
Speaker 1: UM belong to any number of professional organizations. Some have

214
00:12:57,440 --> 00:13:01,319
Speaker 1: no accreditation whatsoever, UM, but are still able to open

215
00:13:01,400 --> 00:13:04,160
Speaker 1: up shops depending on the state there in. Some states

216
00:13:04,200 --> 00:13:08,719
Speaker 1: have zero laws about being a forensic psychophysiologist a k

217
00:13:08,880 --> 00:13:13,120
Speaker 1: A polygraph examiner. That's right, but there is also some

218
00:13:13,280 --> 00:13:16,920
Speaker 1: there are programs out there. Uh. The who wrote this article,

219
00:13:17,000 --> 00:13:21,160
Speaker 1: Kevin bondser I think so. He he um interviewed a

220
00:13:21,200 --> 00:13:27,440
Speaker 1: guy who founded the Accodon Academy. Exciton is a manufacturer polygraphs,

221
00:13:27,480 --> 00:13:31,440
Speaker 1: and they founded this academy as well, where um, you

222
00:13:31,559 --> 00:13:34,160
Speaker 1: go through a certain amount of training to become a

223
00:13:34,160 --> 00:13:38,880
Speaker 1: forensic psychophysiologist. And he actually interviewed that guy. Yeah, his

224
00:13:38,960 --> 00:13:42,319
Speaker 1: name's Bobb Lee Lee uh and Lee says that if

225
00:13:42,360 --> 00:13:45,400
Speaker 1: you come to their academy, UM you have to have

226
00:13:45,640 --> 00:13:49,560
Speaker 1: a baccalaurea degree bachelor's right, or you have to have

227
00:13:49,600 --> 00:13:54,000
Speaker 1: at least five years investigative experience and an associate's degree. UM.

228
00:13:54,080 --> 00:13:58,400
Speaker 1: You have to take a ten week course, and after

229
00:13:58,480 --> 00:14:00,920
Speaker 1: you complete the ten week course, you have to carry

230
00:14:00,920 --> 00:14:07,160
Speaker 1: out twenty five polygraph examinations and submit them to be reviewed. Uh.

231
00:14:07,200 --> 00:14:09,120
Speaker 1: So these are like real life ones. I guess you're

232
00:14:09,160 --> 00:14:12,080
Speaker 1: working with your local police department or whatever. Maybe you're

233
00:14:12,120 --> 00:14:15,679
Speaker 1: already a cop UM and you have to submit it

234
00:14:15,800 --> 00:14:20,040
Speaker 1: to the Accident Academy board for a review. And then

235
00:14:20,080 --> 00:14:23,120
Speaker 1: once they're all reviewed and everybody's all thumbs up, you

236
00:14:23,280 --> 00:14:27,160
Speaker 1: are a licensed I guess. But you're not licensed because

237
00:14:27,160 --> 00:14:31,840
Speaker 1: there's no licensing body. UM. You are you graduate, I

238
00:14:31,840 --> 00:14:36,640
Speaker 1: guess is is what they call it. So that's as

239
00:14:36,880 --> 00:14:40,600
Speaker 1: accredited as it gets. I guess. And like you said, UM.

240
00:14:41,720 --> 00:14:45,800
Speaker 1: Proponents of polygraph testing say that there, if you're a

241
00:14:45,840 --> 00:14:49,560
Speaker 1: good FP, you're gonna be able to structure everything correctly

242
00:14:49,880 --> 00:14:51,960
Speaker 1: so that you can see past somebody who's just who

243
00:14:51,960 --> 00:14:54,840
Speaker 1: sweats a lot like you, or who gets stressed out

244
00:14:54,880 --> 00:14:59,480
Speaker 1: easily like me, Um, and design your questions appropriately, and

245
00:14:59,520 --> 00:15:03,280
Speaker 1: you're gonna able to to figure out whether this person

246
00:15:03,360 --> 00:15:08,640
Speaker 1: is deceptive or not. So how how would you do that? Chuck? Well,

247
00:15:09,040 --> 00:15:11,680
Speaker 1: we should talk about the test itself. I guess. Uh,

248
00:15:11,760 --> 00:15:13,400
Speaker 1: you're gonna you're gonna go in and you're gonna get

249
00:15:13,400 --> 00:15:16,960
Speaker 1: a pretest before you get strapped up to anything. Could

250
00:15:16,960 --> 00:15:19,520
Speaker 1: take about an hour. This is just you and those

251
00:15:19,600 --> 00:15:21,920
Speaker 1: the only two people in the room. You're not surrounded

252
00:15:21,920 --> 00:15:25,120
Speaker 1: by folks like in the movies and stuff, although in

253
00:15:25,120 --> 00:15:27,560
Speaker 1: the movie sometimes it's just two people, I guess. But

254
00:15:27,840 --> 00:15:30,480
Speaker 1: the pretest that you're just gonna get an interview basically

255
00:15:30,680 --> 00:15:35,480
Speaker 1: about basically about why you're being investigated. Uh, they're also

256
00:15:35,560 --> 00:15:38,400
Speaker 1: gonna be profiling you and checking you out and just

257
00:15:38,440 --> 00:15:41,320
Speaker 1: seeing what kind of questions you respond to and what

258
00:15:41,480 --> 00:15:44,080
Speaker 1: might make you nervous, just so they'll be better informed

259
00:15:44,120 --> 00:15:47,840
Speaker 1: about how to properly question you once you're all strapped in, right,

260
00:15:47,880 --> 00:15:50,480
Speaker 1: and the pretest where you're just kind of hanging out

261
00:15:50,480 --> 00:15:53,800
Speaker 1: with them casually. The examiners also kind of getting info

262
00:15:53,880 --> 00:15:55,560
Speaker 1: out of you that you might not be aware of,

263
00:15:55,600 --> 00:16:01,120
Speaker 1: like um, if you are if you talk leisurely about

264
00:16:01,320 --> 00:16:03,400
Speaker 1: your favorite beer at one point and how you like

265
00:16:03,480 --> 00:16:06,120
Speaker 1: it a lot, and then later on it also comes

266
00:16:06,200 --> 00:16:09,200
Speaker 1: up that you have to drive a lot um. They

267
00:16:09,280 --> 00:16:11,000
Speaker 1: might come up with it. They might use that for

268
00:16:11,040 --> 00:16:14,400
Speaker 1: a control question UM, which could be something like have

269
00:16:14,480 --> 00:16:17,560
Speaker 1: you ever driven under the influence of alcohol? And a

270
00:16:17,640 --> 00:16:20,240
Speaker 1: control question is something where you would have to admit

271
00:16:20,320 --> 00:16:23,840
Speaker 1: guilt um and you may not want to, but it's

272
00:16:23,920 --> 00:16:27,080
Speaker 1: such a broad question that just about anybody is guilty

273
00:16:27,120 --> 00:16:29,400
Speaker 1: of it, Like have you ever lied to somebody? Have

274
00:16:29,600 --> 00:16:33,000
Speaker 1: you ever um stolen anything? That kind of thing to

275
00:16:33,080 --> 00:16:36,400
Speaker 1: where if you say no, they now have a baseline

276
00:16:36,920 --> 00:16:40,640
Speaker 1: for what it looks like when you lie. That they

277
00:16:40,640 --> 00:16:43,240
Speaker 1: can make a reasonable assumption that you have just lied.

278
00:16:43,640 --> 00:16:48,120
Speaker 1: And any of the data UM captured on the polygraph

279
00:16:48,320 --> 00:16:50,920
Speaker 1: they're going to use to analyze everything else off of.

280
00:16:52,000 --> 00:16:55,480
Speaker 1: That's pretty much it. That's the test, and afterward you

281
00:16:55,560 --> 00:16:57,080
Speaker 1: have the post tests where they look at all the

282
00:16:57,160 --> 00:17:01,920
Speaker 1: data and chart out whether or not they think you're

283
00:17:01,960 --> 00:17:05,879
Speaker 1: deceptive and aware. Like on this question, you're deceptive. On

284
00:17:05,960 --> 00:17:08,040
Speaker 1: this question you may have been deceptive. It's kind of

285
00:17:08,040 --> 00:17:10,520
Speaker 1: hard to tell. On this one you definitely were deceptive,

286
00:17:10,600 --> 00:17:13,120
Speaker 1: so so, and it's all in it's all in relation

287
00:17:13,200 --> 00:17:16,920
Speaker 1: to that control question, that baseline. Right, So if you

288
00:17:17,760 --> 00:17:21,399
Speaker 1: if your deception, if you if on questions where I mean,

289
00:17:21,400 --> 00:17:23,359
Speaker 1: they're gonna have to talk to the police as well

290
00:17:23,400 --> 00:17:25,480
Speaker 1: too and say what do you want to know out

291
00:17:25,520 --> 00:17:29,360
Speaker 1: of this person? So they'll design questions around that as well. UM.

292
00:17:29,400 --> 00:17:31,320
Speaker 1: So they may have a question like, um, are you

293
00:17:31,359 --> 00:17:34,680
Speaker 1: wearing a blue shirt? That may be question one, it's irrelevant, right.

294
00:17:34,840 --> 00:17:39,399
Speaker 1: Question two is, um, have you ever lied to your boss?

295
00:17:39,600 --> 00:17:42,119
Speaker 1: That's the control question, and then question three is something

296
00:17:42,160 --> 00:17:44,920
Speaker 1: like you know, did you steal the cookie from the

297
00:17:44,960 --> 00:17:47,080
Speaker 1: cookie jar? Like, that's the one that the cops want

298
00:17:47,200 --> 00:17:51,119
Speaker 1: them to ask. They'll compare the results of Q three

299
00:17:51,400 --> 00:17:57,239
Speaker 1: against Q two and if they're the same or you

300
00:17:57,280 --> 00:18:00,119
Speaker 1: can't really tell, that's in uh in that that's an

301
00:18:00,280 --> 00:18:04,400
Speaker 1: uh inconclusive tests. So that's it. I mean, like you said,

302
00:18:04,440 --> 00:18:08,760
Speaker 1: that's that's polygraph. It's pretty easy. It is. It's uh

303
00:18:08,800 --> 00:18:12,840
Speaker 1: it's um jarringly easy, considering that it's used in legal

304
00:18:12,880 --> 00:18:17,359
Speaker 1: cases a lot, right, Yes, that's true. Um. People try

305
00:18:17,400 --> 00:18:20,879
Speaker 1: to to battle the LDE detector in various ways or

306
00:18:20,880 --> 00:18:24,480
Speaker 1: a little tricks that the Internet says works, like taking

307
00:18:24,480 --> 00:18:28,080
Speaker 1: a sedative or putting any perspirint on your fingers, which

308
00:18:28,160 --> 00:18:31,360
Speaker 1: seems like they would make you wash your hands. Uh,

309
00:18:31,480 --> 00:18:34,920
Speaker 1: putting attack in your shoe, and anytime you get asked

310
00:18:34,920 --> 00:18:37,120
Speaker 1: a question, every single time you stomp on the tack.

311
00:18:37,560 --> 00:18:39,639
Speaker 1: And the idea is that you're just gonna skew the

312
00:18:39,640 --> 00:18:42,520
Speaker 1: test so they all look the same, so your body

313
00:18:42,520 --> 00:18:45,199
Speaker 1: has the same reaction no matter what's going on, like

314
00:18:45,280 --> 00:18:47,880
Speaker 1: they I guess if you press on the tack, your

315
00:18:47,920 --> 00:18:53,920
Speaker 1: physiological response could overwhelm any response to the question. Right. Um,

316
00:18:54,160 --> 00:18:57,320
Speaker 1: Like I said there, these these things are used in

317
00:18:57,760 --> 00:19:03,080
Speaker 1: legal cases, but with caveats. Right, If you undergo a polygraph,

318
00:19:03,080 --> 00:19:10,480
Speaker 1: whether you fail or pass, it doesn't really matter legally speaking, um,

319
00:19:10,520 --> 00:19:14,040
Speaker 1: because of unless you're in New Mexico. Yeah, this is

320
00:19:14,040 --> 00:19:16,440
Speaker 1: the only state that allows it just openly. Like if

321
00:19:16,440 --> 00:19:19,760
Speaker 1: you take a polygraph, like, it's admissible in court every

322
00:19:19,800 --> 00:19:23,120
Speaker 1: other state. Um. Usually the both sides have to agree

323
00:19:23,640 --> 00:19:27,440
Speaker 1: on it being admitted or um. The judge has to say, yeah,

324
00:19:27,480 --> 00:19:30,639
Speaker 1: we're gonna admit this one, right. Yeah, And federally the

325
00:19:30,720 --> 00:19:34,800
Speaker 1: judge decides whether or not they're going to admit it, right,

326
00:19:34,840 --> 00:19:37,360
Speaker 1: And I guess state judges kind of follow that federal

327
00:19:37,480 --> 00:19:41,800
Speaker 1: ruling of polygraphing. Yeah, and it's sort of a crapshoot

328
00:19:41,840 --> 00:19:44,040
Speaker 1: if a federal judge is gonna allow it or not.

329
00:19:44,119 --> 00:19:47,199
Speaker 1: There's no precedent really to where they say we have

330
00:19:47,280 --> 00:19:50,399
Speaker 1: to or we don't have to. Right, So, where are

331
00:19:50,440 --> 00:19:57,440
Speaker 1: the problems with this um? The problems with a polygraph

332
00:19:57,640 --> 00:20:01,159
Speaker 1: um or that it's subjective, Right, that's a one. But

333
00:20:01,280 --> 00:20:04,600
Speaker 1: also because there because it's subjective, you can get what

334
00:20:04,640 --> 00:20:09,080
Speaker 1: are called false positives and false negatives. Yeah, and you

335
00:20:09,080 --> 00:20:11,600
Speaker 1: don't want that because then the test itself is just

336
00:20:11,880 --> 00:20:15,280
Speaker 1: not valid. Uh, But I mean that a lot of

337
00:20:15,280 --> 00:20:20,000
Speaker 1: people use that as evidence that polygraph polygraphy shouldn't be

338
00:20:20,040 --> 00:20:23,480
Speaker 1: done at all, that it's not valid. False positive and

339
00:20:24,680 --> 00:20:29,800
Speaker 1: polygraph thing is when you find somebody who is deemed

340
00:20:29,960 --> 00:20:33,040
Speaker 1: deceptive but was telling the truth. False negative is when

341
00:20:33,320 --> 00:20:38,119
Speaker 1: somebody who wasn't telling the truth um is deemed truthful.

342
00:20:38,359 --> 00:20:41,320
Speaker 1: Like Gary Ridgeway, the Green River killer. They had him

343
00:20:41,359 --> 00:20:43,040
Speaker 1: for a little while and gave him a polygraph and

344
00:20:43,040 --> 00:20:44,680
Speaker 1: he passed and they let him go and he went

345
00:20:44,720 --> 00:20:47,800
Speaker 1: and killed a bunch more women. All right, that's right.

346
00:20:48,240 --> 00:20:52,680
Speaker 1: I didn't know that actually, Yeah, Well good for him.

347
00:20:53,000 --> 00:20:55,680
Speaker 1: There's also the uh, you know, the federal government is

348
00:20:55,720 --> 00:20:59,520
Speaker 1: the largest consumer of these exams, and if you work

349
00:20:59,560 --> 00:21:01,760
Speaker 1: for the federal govern right, you've probably had one to

350
00:21:01,880 --> 00:21:04,320
Speaker 1: get the job. But you can't do that in the

351
00:21:04,359 --> 00:21:08,440
Speaker 1: private sector thanks to the Polygraph Protection Act Employee Polygraph

352
00:21:08,480 --> 00:21:12,000
Speaker 1: Protection Act in the late eighties, they said, you can't

353
00:21:12,320 --> 00:21:15,320
Speaker 1: force your employees to do this. You can request it,

354
00:21:15,920 --> 00:21:17,480
Speaker 1: but if they don't want to do it, you can't

355
00:21:17,520 --> 00:21:20,480
Speaker 1: fire them because of it. You just can't do it right,

356
00:21:20,960 --> 00:21:24,320
Speaker 1: not in private land, right unless you have a contract

357
00:21:24,359 --> 00:21:27,720
Speaker 1: with the government, and then that's not valid. But yeah,

358
00:21:27,760 --> 00:21:31,280
Speaker 1: the the federal government is the largest opponent to them

359
00:21:31,320 --> 00:21:35,800
Speaker 1: in court, but also the largest consumer. I imagine that

360
00:21:36,160 --> 00:21:38,960
Speaker 1: UM and there's been a lot of cases that shaped

361
00:21:39,000 --> 00:21:42,240
Speaker 1: its admissibility or not. But the polygraph it seems like

362
00:21:42,320 --> 00:21:44,399
Speaker 1: it's kind of honest way out. I wrote an article

363
00:21:44,840 --> 00:21:48,000
Speaker 1: about um M R I being used as lie detectors,

364
00:21:48,600 --> 00:21:50,600
Speaker 1: and that's starting to kind of come into fashion. The

365
00:21:50,600 --> 00:21:53,120
Speaker 1: more we start to understand, like how lies are born

366
00:21:53,200 --> 00:21:56,119
Speaker 1: in the brain, being able to see it and saying

367
00:21:56,280 --> 00:22:00,080
Speaker 1: this is the pattern that will happen, um it if

368
00:22:00,119 --> 00:22:02,600
Speaker 1: this person is lying, and then that pattern happens. They say,

369
00:22:02,640 --> 00:22:04,520
Speaker 1: what we know, you're lying. We just saw that live

370
00:22:04,640 --> 00:22:07,239
Speaker 1: form in your brain. That makes sense. Yes, But at

371
00:22:07,280 --> 00:22:11,600
Speaker 1: the same time, people who understand Mr. Eyes say, it

372
00:22:11,800 --> 00:22:14,359
Speaker 1: is way too early to be doing that. And even

373
00:22:14,359 --> 00:22:17,800
Speaker 1: if we can do it with accuracy, there are a

374
00:22:17,840 --> 00:22:20,400
Speaker 1: lot of moral and ethical questions to it as well

375
00:22:20,440 --> 00:22:24,600
Speaker 1: that we need to address. First always UH and then

376
00:22:24,680 --> 00:22:30,040
Speaker 1: penile plus demography. What's that? So? Remember the the UM

377
00:22:30,240 --> 00:22:34,360
Speaker 1: newmegraphs that go around the chest in the abdomen. Imagine

378
00:22:34,359 --> 00:22:36,840
Speaker 1: one of those that goes around the penis and it

379
00:22:36,880 --> 00:22:41,160
Speaker 1: does the same thing if the text changes in traction

380
00:22:41,280 --> 00:22:45,040
Speaker 1: and girth. It's a perfect way to put it UM,

381
00:22:45,080 --> 00:22:47,640
Speaker 1: and it's used to detect arousal. They use it for

382
00:22:47,840 --> 00:22:51,680
Speaker 1: UM sex offenders. It's under at least as much attack

383
00:22:51,920 --> 00:22:56,800
Speaker 1: as regular UM polygraphs. But I wrote this blog post

384
00:22:56,920 --> 00:23:00,000
Speaker 1: called UM using science to root out late in homoset

385
00:23:00,080 --> 00:23:04,000
Speaker 1: quality among homophobes. A study at U g A used

386
00:23:04,520 --> 00:23:10,719
Speaker 1: UH penile plesim plethismography UM to find if anyone who

387
00:23:11,320 --> 00:23:18,360
Speaker 1: they had deemed homophobic became aroused when exposed to homosexual pornography. Yeah,

388
00:23:18,480 --> 00:23:21,359
Speaker 1: it's it's one of the better posts I've ever written cheese.

389
00:23:22,720 --> 00:23:27,560
Speaker 1: All right, that's our future. I guess penole plethismography for everyone, um,

390
00:23:28,960 --> 00:23:31,879
Speaker 1: everyone with a penis at least and then chuck. Lastly,

391
00:23:31,920 --> 00:23:34,560
Speaker 1: I want to encourage everybody, if this has piqued your

392
00:23:34,600 --> 00:23:38,920
Speaker 1: interest about lie detectors, to go watch the Shoe Court

393
00:23:39,000 --> 00:23:43,000
Speaker 1: shoe store job interview clip from Mr Show on YouTube.

394
00:23:43,520 --> 00:23:46,480
Speaker 1: You remember that one. That's very good bather friend Paula

395
00:23:46,560 --> 00:23:51,080
Speaker 1: Thompkins and he has a breakthrough. See that one. Yeah,

396
00:23:52,200 --> 00:23:56,280
Speaker 1: good old p f T. And that's it for lie detectors, right, Yeah,

397
00:23:56,320 --> 00:23:57,840
Speaker 1: I want to take a test. If there's someone in

398
00:23:57,880 --> 00:24:00,440
Speaker 1: the Atlanta area that administers these and would be willing

399
00:24:00,520 --> 00:24:04,120
Speaker 1: to give me a lie detector test, I would love

400
00:24:04,320 --> 00:24:09,239
Speaker 1: to do that, Okay, and I'll watch yes, um as

401
00:24:09,280 --> 00:24:12,480
Speaker 1: long as I can, you know, approve the questions or

402
00:24:12,480 --> 00:24:14,480
Speaker 1: not approve them. But I don't want to be like

403
00:24:15,080 --> 00:24:19,200
Speaker 1: rooted out is some miscreant. It's a little late for that.

404
00:24:19,440 --> 00:24:21,960
Speaker 1: Just keep it above bared. Um. If you want to

405
00:24:22,000 --> 00:24:25,240
Speaker 1: know more about lie detectors and play with some lie

406
00:24:25,320 --> 00:24:28,200
Speaker 1: detector flash animation, you can do that by typing in

407
00:24:28,400 --> 00:24:31,840
Speaker 1: lie detector on this in the search bar on how

408
00:24:31,920 --> 00:24:35,800
Speaker 1: stuff works dot Com. And um, that means it's time

409
00:24:35,840 --> 00:24:39,640
Speaker 1: for listener. Now that's right, Josh, this is from Brad

410
00:24:39,760 --> 00:24:42,040
Speaker 1: and Brad. If you remember, we had a list of

411
00:24:42,119 --> 00:24:45,720
Speaker 1: suggestions from a listener not too long ago that thought

412
00:24:45,720 --> 00:24:47,520
Speaker 1: our podcast could be a lot better if we changed

413
00:24:47,560 --> 00:24:50,760
Speaker 1: a few things. Brad has some suggestions of his own

414
00:24:51,800 --> 00:24:53,840
Speaker 1: of how we can make the podcast better. We should

415
00:24:53,880 --> 00:24:58,119
Speaker 1: both have nicknames zazz up the actual name like welcome

416
00:24:58,160 --> 00:24:59,840
Speaker 1: to stuff you should know with j C and the

417
00:25:00,119 --> 00:25:04,800
Speaker 1: Ingo sit back while getting a big helping of knowledge

418
00:25:04,840 --> 00:25:09,119
Speaker 1: from CHUCKO and the Duck. I second the suggestion to

419
00:25:09,200 --> 00:25:12,159
Speaker 1: remove the personal anecdotes should be moved to a separate

420
00:25:12,240 --> 00:25:16,120
Speaker 1: podcast called the Josh and Chuck Memoirs. Daily one hour

421
00:25:16,200 --> 00:25:19,240
Speaker 1: podcast can recount your lives from birth to present, focusing

422
00:25:19,280 --> 00:25:24,800
Speaker 1: on depressing stories that are marginally factual. In development is Chuck,

423
00:25:24,880 --> 00:25:28,040
Speaker 1: please your raise your voice one octave, Josh, lower yours

424
00:25:28,119 --> 00:25:32,240
Speaker 1: one octave? What okay? So now this is how I talk.

425
00:25:34,280 --> 00:25:36,200
Speaker 1: The opening of the podcast should be a description of

426
00:25:36,240 --> 00:25:38,240
Speaker 1: what each of you eight that day and the number

427
00:25:38,240 --> 00:25:41,359
Speaker 1: of trips to the bathroom. This allows the listener to

428
00:25:41,440 --> 00:25:45,680
Speaker 1: keep track at home, hedgehogs, brain surgeons, arcades, and Bolivian

429
00:25:45,760 --> 00:25:50,760
Speaker 1: politics are underrated, under sorry, underrepresented on your podcast at

430
00:25:50,800 --> 00:25:55,919
Speaker 1: least should be about these subjects. Do not exclude listener mail. Instead,

431
00:25:56,000 --> 00:25:59,200
Speaker 1: create a quieter audio track reading the listener mail and

432
00:25:59,359 --> 00:26:02,600
Speaker 1: overlay it on the rest of the podcast. That way,

433
00:26:02,680 --> 00:26:05,600
Speaker 1: listeners can hear both the mail and the main content

434
00:26:05,640 --> 00:26:08,240
Speaker 1: at the same time. This is a pretty good idea.

435
00:26:08,440 --> 00:26:11,200
Speaker 1: Why not set the pod we literally drive people insane?

436
00:26:11,280 --> 00:26:13,480
Speaker 1: If we did, then why not set the podcast to

437
00:26:13,560 --> 00:26:17,120
Speaker 1: a backdrop of tribal drums and jungle animal noises. Would

438
00:26:17,119 --> 00:26:21,160
Speaker 1: give it an exotic feel. That's over the listener mail track,

439
00:26:21,600 --> 00:26:25,120
Speaker 1: over the whole thing. So that would be three tracks deep. Yes,

440
00:26:25,760 --> 00:26:27,920
Speaker 1: and it would lead to suspense for the listener to

441
00:26:27,960 --> 00:26:31,159
Speaker 1: wonder if you'll be eaten by jaguars uh. And it

442
00:26:31,280 --> 00:26:33,320
Speaker 1: was clear from the podcast on mummies neither of you

443
00:26:33,480 --> 00:26:36,800
Speaker 1: had ever been mummified. Please refrain from explaining topics that

444
00:26:36,840 --> 00:26:40,200
Speaker 1: you don't have personal experience with. And then the final suggestion,

445
00:26:40,880 --> 00:26:45,320
Speaker 1: just retail episodes of this American line that went that

446
00:26:45,440 --> 00:26:49,040
Speaker 1: last one went down like the Staplerment top family. So

447
00:26:49,160 --> 00:26:52,760
Speaker 1: that's Brad, Thanks brand. Those are all great ideas, three

448
00:26:52,800 --> 00:26:56,440
Speaker 1: tracks all in one, streaming at once together listener mail

449
00:26:56,520 --> 00:27:01,680
Speaker 1: quietly the podcast and tribal drumming and jungle noises. Yes, um,

450
00:27:02,160 --> 00:27:06,200
Speaker 1: let's see. If you have access to a polygraph and

451
00:27:06,280 --> 00:27:08,359
Speaker 1: want to hook chuck up to it, let us know.

452
00:27:09,160 --> 00:27:11,640
Speaker 1: You can let us know on Facebook at Facebook dot com,

453
00:27:11,720 --> 00:27:13,639
Speaker 1: slash stuff you should know. You can tweet to us

454
00:27:13,720 --> 00:27:16,560
Speaker 1: at s y s K podcast, and you can send

455
00:27:16,640 --> 00:27:20,320
Speaker 1: us a regular old email at Stuff Podcast at how

456
00:27:20,440 --> 00:27:27,600
Speaker 1: stuff works dot com. Be sure to check out our

457
00:27:27,640 --> 00:27:31,000
Speaker 1: new video podcast, Stuff from the Future. Join how Stuff

458
00:27:31,000 --> 00:27:33,919
Speaker 1: Work staff as we explore the most promising and perplexing

459
00:27:34,000 --> 00:27:39,680
Speaker 1: possibilities of tomorrow, brought to you by the reinvented two

460
00:27:39,720 --> 00:27:42,080
Speaker 1: thousand twelve camera. It's ready, are you