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Speaker 1: From Mediator's World News headquarters in Bozeman, Montana. This is

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Speaker 1: Kel's we can review with Ryan kel Kelly. Now here's Kel.

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Speaker 1: The first buzzing of spring is starting here in Montana.

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Speaker 1: I know many of you have had bugs flying around

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Speaker 1: for a bit. Nevertheless, this research is timeless and universal

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Speaker 1: for anyone anywhere who grew up around mosquitoes. Everyone knows

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Speaker 1: that when a mosquito lands on your bicep, you can

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Speaker 1: choose to either swat it or tense your muscles like

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Speaker 1: a young Arnold Schwarzenegger. The increased blood flow will cause

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Speaker 1: the blood sucker to swell and explode. Trust me, I've

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Speaker 1: done it well, not me, but my cousin Ache for sure,

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Speaker 1: has made a mosquito explode on his arm. Of course,

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Speaker 1: this is a mosquito myth, just one in a long

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Speaker 1: line of myths that we learned as outdoor eleven kids.

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Speaker 1: According to a recently released paper authored by doctor parn

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Speaker 1: Ross in entomology today, the only way to cause a

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Speaker 1: mosquito to explode naturally is by physically popping the parasite, unless,

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Speaker 1: of course, you have successfully replicated the work of Robert

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Speaker 1: Guad's PhD. Fifty years ago, doctor Guads found that an

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Speaker 1: incision in the central nerve cord of mosquito can sever

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Speaker 1: its signal to stop feeding. The cutting of the central

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Speaker 1: nerve cord could have prevented the abdominal stretch receptors in

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Speaker 1: the mosquito's gut to signal a full tank. The mosquitoes

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Speaker 1: in the research that underwent the experiment could drink four

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Speaker 1: times their body weights and blood because they literally didn't

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Speaker 1: know when to stop. Some of these mosquitoes drank until

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Speaker 1: they actually and truly burst. This research was seldom replicated

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Speaker 1: successfully until the aforementioned Dr Ross stepped in. Dr Ross

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Speaker 1: placed female mosquitoes in the refrigerator to slow them down.

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Speaker 1: Female mosquitoes are the ones who drink blood to bolster

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Speaker 1: their egg laying. He then, under a microscope, used forceps,

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Speaker 1: likely very small forceps, and crushed the ventral nerve cord.

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Speaker 1: He then allowed the mosquitoes to feed on his arm

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Speaker 1: and feed they did until they burst. Some kept right

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Speaker 1: on feeding even after they burst, essentially letting the blood

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Speaker 1: of dr Ross flow right through them. So to rephrase,

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Speaker 1: if you were to encounter a female mosquito belonging to

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Speaker 1: the couple of hundred human blood sucking varieties out of

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Speaker 1: the hundred plus known skeeters out there, and she, some

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Speaker 1: where in the course of her roughly two and a

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Speaker 1: half mile day, were to land on your arm, preparing

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Speaker 1: to bite you with her mouthful of anticoagulant laced saliva.

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Speaker 1: You can either gently grab her, incapacitate her long enough

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Speaker 1: to pinch her abdomen in order to crush the ventral

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Speaker 1: nerve cord, then allow her to feed until bursting. I'm

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Speaker 1: sure you can throw a little flex in there just

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Speaker 1: for show, or you can just you know, whack it off.

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Speaker 1: Diseases like malaria, West Nile and dan gay fever can

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Speaker 1: be carried by mosquitoes. According to the c d C,

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Speaker 1: malaria killed an estimated four hundred and five thousand people

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Speaker 1: worldwide in two thousand and eighteen. We currently do not

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Speaker 1: know what this study by Dr Ross, or many of

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Speaker 1: the other strange mosquito studies, will yield for the rest

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Speaker 1: of US humans. Researchers in Malaysia and Thailand found that

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Speaker 1: the track Scary Monsters and nice Spirits by scrill X

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Speaker 1: will reduce use the desire to feed in Dangay carrying mosquitoes.

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Speaker 1: What's more, the dub step proved to reduce their sexual desires.

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Speaker 1: Another study found that human appetite suppressant drugs reduced the

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Speaker 1: desire for mosquitoes to feed. What all of these studies

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Speaker 1: have in common, aside from being interesting, is a lack

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Speaker 1: of a practical application. I myself am not going to

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Speaker 1: sit along the river flaring scrill x, no matter how

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Speaker 1: talented the guy is. For me, personally covering myself in

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Speaker 1: deep consistently throughout the day sometimes feels as practical as

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Speaker 1: offering diet pills to mosquitoes. I guess what this comes

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Speaker 1: down to is the fact that we'll keep tinkering with

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Speaker 1: these bugs, as annoying as they are, to try to

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Speaker 1: prevent the transmission and spread of disease. But when it

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Speaker 1: comes to our comfort, we may just need to grow

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Speaker 1: a thicker skin. This week, we've got more on the

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Speaker 1: Clean Water Act, New Animals, food and It's just a Stick,

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Speaker 1: plus so much more. But first I'm gonna tell you

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Speaker 1: about my week. As you know, my week, and this

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Speaker 1: podcast is powered by Steel Power Equipment, world's first and

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Speaker 1: finest chainsaws. This last week at about a dozen people

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Speaker 1: right in asking how they can purchase steel equipment and

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Speaker 1: support the Cow's Weekend Review podcast. Steel dealers are independent.

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Speaker 1: You can't actually purchase directly from the steel mothership, but

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Speaker 1: don't let that stop you going to any official steel dealer.

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Speaker 1: Enjoy the knowledgeable service and let them know that you

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Speaker 1: heard about them on the Cow's Weeken Review podcast. If

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Speaker 1: they haven't heard about the podcast, you get to spread

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Speaker 1: the good word of conservation. Thank you to everyone who

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Speaker 1: was writing in and supporting the show by supporting steel

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Speaker 1: power equipment are I've been busting my rear end in

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Speaker 1: the kitchen. I ran the smoker the other day for

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Speaker 1: about fourteen hours on the top rack. I smoked three

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Speaker 1: brined and peppered goose bress for pastrami sandwiches. I got

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Speaker 1: these geese out of my family's place near Billings and

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Speaker 1: you can watch that hunt on the Meat Eater YouTube channel.

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Speaker 1: You should go subscribe to it right now so I

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Speaker 1: don't have to keep telling you this stuff anyway. Miles Nulty,

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Speaker 1: our director of fishing, and I had a very fun

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Speaker 1: morning easing into the goose season here in Montana and

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Speaker 1: you can watch it all. It was a great time.

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Speaker 1: You'll enjoy it. It's part of our meat eater Hunt's

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Speaker 1: YouTube series. Anyway, on the middle rack had two elk

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Speaker 1: tongues that I had brined for ten days, both from

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Speaker 1: two thousand eighteen elk, one from a Montana bowl, one

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Speaker 1: from an Idaho bowl. These both had the skin on,

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Speaker 1: and because tongue is fattier, the end result is not

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Speaker 1: quite pastrami. It's more like a smoked and beef. Smoking

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Speaker 1: those tongues is good, but it did cause that skin

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Speaker 1: to seize up, making the tongues a little painful to peel.

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Speaker 1: On the bottom rack at a bone in Cou's deer

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Speaker 1: ham from this year's trip to Sonora, Mexico. I cured

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Speaker 1: the ham in a dry rub by coating it well

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Speaker 1: with beaver trapper, meat eat or big game rub and

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Speaker 1: sliding it into a vacuum seal bag for three days.

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Speaker 1: I took all of this stuff, let it rest, then

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Speaker 1: put it in the freezer to get firmed up. Once

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Speaker 1: it was firm, I ran it all through the West

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Speaker 1: and meat slicer took all that finely shaved meat, packaged

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Speaker 1: it up, neatly labeled it, and threw it in the freezer.

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Speaker 1: This way I don't have to buy sandwich meat that

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Speaker 1: one day, yielded four pounds of shaved deer ham, three

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Speaker 1: and a half pounds of goose pastrami, and almost two

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Speaker 1: pounds of tongue. I will also tell you that a

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Speaker 1: friend of mine shot a bull bison outside of Yellowstone

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Speaker 1: National Park gave me the tongue off of that critter.

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Speaker 1: I took that and four more elk tongues, which I

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Speaker 1: collected myself or had a few friends dropped off. I

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Speaker 1: brined all those and like your classic kind of corning, Brian,

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Speaker 1: like you do a corn beef for two weeks. I'm

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Speaker 1: saving the bison tongue for a special occasion. But I

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Speaker 1: simmered and sliced the elk tongues as you would corn

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Speaker 1: beef for more sandwich meat. Eventually that yielded three and

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Speaker 1: a half pounds of corned elk tongue. That bison tongue

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Speaker 1: is about three pounds all by itself. Then I took

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Speaker 1: out the very last just found it hiding in the

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Speaker 1: bottom of the freezer. Turkey breast what appears to be

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Speaker 1: a singular lobe of likely a jake or bird of

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Speaker 1: the year wild turkey Brian. Not in the brine that

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Speaker 1: you can find in our meat eater guide books. It's

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Speaker 1: got juniper berries. It's very lovely. For two whole days,

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Speaker 1: laid it out to drip dry. Then I took butcher's

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Speaker 1: twine tied up the breast, rolling it in on itself,

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Speaker 1: so the meat that touches the skin is on the

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Speaker 1: outside and all the tender meat that touches the bone

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Speaker 1: is on the inside. I threw that on the smoker

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Speaker 1: and let it come up to an eventual hundred and

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Speaker 1: fifty degrees over the chorus of several hours using my

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Speaker 1: trigger smoker, and then I based it the whole while

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Speaker 1: with more of that beaver trapper barbecue rub mixed with butter.

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Speaker 1: I want to go to there. I prefer to keep

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Speaker 1: the skin on game birds to provide a bit more

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Speaker 1: margin of error when cooking. The consistently applied rub made

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Speaker 1: the skinless meat snap when you bit into it. That

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Speaker 1: being said, all you folks that keep writing in showing

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Speaker 1: off your birds, congratulations, but leave a few for me.

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Speaker 1: I'm still birdless, and considering how many folks are getting

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Speaker 1: out on our woods and waters, I'd just like to

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Speaker 1: issue a casual reminder to leave a few for reproductive purposes.

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Speaker 1: As more and more news outlets carry the story of

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Speaker 1: fishing and hunting being an excellent way to avoid food uncertainty.

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Speaker 1: We need to address the fact that fishing and hunting

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Speaker 1: is highly regulated, limits, seasons, rules and regulations exist for

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Speaker 1: a reason. Management also costs a lot of money, so

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Speaker 1: make sure you buy your licenses, by your tags, by

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Speaker 1: that duck stamp. I would absolutely love it if you

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Speaker 1: were to get out and enjoy what I obviously enjoy

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Speaker 1: so much, which is time in the woods and out

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Speaker 1: on the water, and you know, a little food gathering

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Speaker 1: along the way. But be up to date on what

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Speaker 1: you can and cannot take, along with the fact that

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Speaker 1: sometimes just because you can doesn't necessarily mean you should. Additionally,

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Speaker 1: many state and federal agencies do not have the ability

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Speaker 1: to maintain and stock out houses or provide garbage services

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Speaker 1: right now, so plan accordingly. This is not an attempt

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Speaker 1: to keep you out of the woods, but for gosh sakes,

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Speaker 1: pick up after yourselves and others. For example, I like

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Speaker 1: to target shoot with cardboard boxes. When I go out

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Speaker 1: to a piece of state ground around Manhattan, Montana, I

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Speaker 1: set up a box, do my shooting, then darn near

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Speaker 1: every time I filled the box with trash from other

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Speaker 1: people who must have forgotten their shotgun shells, shotgun wads,

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Speaker 1: plastic stick on targets, holster packaging, bottles, cans, etcetera. For

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Speaker 1: the record, I don't enjoy doing this, but I do

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Speaker 1: enjoy having the ability to step onto state ground and

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Speaker 1: sight in my rifle or pattern my shotgun. Moving on,

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Speaker 1: but sticking with trash. As we discussed last week, the

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Speaker 1: Trump administration passed its final rewrite of rules regarding the

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Speaker 1: Clean Water Act. The navigable Water ruling eliminates protections on

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Speaker 1: pretty much everything the Obama administration protected, proving once again

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Speaker 1: that when it comes to the e p A there

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Speaker 1: is no middle ground. We are in it for the

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Speaker 1: party politics, not the what's the E stand for an

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Speaker 1: e p A? Now, anyway, before you get all hot

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Speaker 1: and bothered because I dared to mention the names Trump

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Speaker 1: and Obama in the same sentence, you need to realize that,

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Speaker 1: like I said last week, this is nothing new. Every

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Speaker 1: administration takes a shot at altering previous rulings. When the

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Speaker 1: Obama administration issued its sweeping e p A reform, thirty

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Speaker 1: states filed lawsuits and, according to some darn fine reporting

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Speaker 1: by meat eaters Sam Longren. The Sixth Circuit Court stayed

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Speaker 1: the regulations after only forty two days. We are on

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Speaker 1: track to see the same with the Trump Administration's Navigable

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Speaker 1: Waters Protection Rule again. This rule states that water isn't

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Speaker 1: protected unless it has a year round surface water connection

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Speaker 1: to navigable waters that connect to major water ways. As

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Speaker 1: I said last week, the Prairie Pothole region is a

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Speaker 1: great example of an incredibly important water source for America

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Speaker 1: and if you're like me, food source. When you think

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Speaker 1: about the role those waters play in waterfowl production, not

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Speaker 1: to mention all the other life they support in upland birds,

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Speaker 1: small and large mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and invertebrates. Those non

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Speaker 1: connected puddles support a lot of life. Here is another

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Speaker 1: example for you, this one from Melinda Casson, water lawyer

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Speaker 1: and senior counsel for the TRCP Theodore Roosevelt Conservation Partnership.

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Speaker 1: The Navigable Waters Protection Rule leaves the majority of US

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Speaker 1: wetlands and almost twenty percent of our country streams without

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Speaker 1: Clean Water Act protection. That's more than of Arizona's desert

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Speaker 1: stream miles. That's so many of the headwaters critical to trout.

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Speaker 1: Good example, if you're sitting in a state full of water,

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Speaker 1: thinking how much could this affect me, well, think beyond yourself,

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Speaker 1: think Arizona, and remember we're all in this together. Timing is,

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Speaker 1: of course everything. Only two days after the Navigable Waters

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Speaker 1: Protection Rule was released, the Supreme Court issued a ruling

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Speaker 1: in the case of County of Maui versus Hawaii Wildlife Fund.

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Speaker 1: The County of Maui has been pumping four million gallons

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Speaker 1: of treated sewage per day underground in a way that

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Speaker 1: does not directly put that sewage into surface water that

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Speaker 1: flows into a navigable waterway. Miraculously, though sewage still made

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Speaker 1: its way to the Pacific Ocean, located only a half

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Speaker 1: a mile from the facility. If you don't think that

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Speaker 1: stinks under the new E p A rule, this is just,

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Speaker 1: as I said, miraculous. As the rules seem to say

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Speaker 1: that if we don't see it, it didn't happen. Specifically,

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Speaker 1: in this case, if we don't see poop, poop didn't happen.

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Speaker 1: The treated sewage was pumped underground, not into surface waters

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Speaker 1: that connect to other waters like the ocean. However, and

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Speaker 1: this is where it gets interesting. The Supreme Court said

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Speaker 1: poop does indeed flow downhill, even if we don't see it.

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Speaker 1: They did not say if the treated pooh water was

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Speaker 1: treated and disposed of properly in a fashion that was

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Speaker 1: found not likely to enter a navigable waterway, but somehow

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Speaker 1: did through an aforementioned miracle type of circumstance, the County

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Speaker 1: of Maui would still be responsible for it, as in

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Speaker 1: do things the responsible way, and we recognize that sometimes

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Speaker 1: you know, pooh happens. This was a six three Supreme

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Speaker 1: Court decision that was not dramatically left or dramatically right,

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Speaker 1: or dramatically pro industry or dramatically pro environmentalists. However you

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Speaker 1: want to cut it, not pro Obama era e p

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Speaker 1: A or pro Trump era e p A. But this

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Speaker 1: decision still contradicts the new navigable Waters rule, and only

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Speaker 1: two days after its release, we know that we need

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Speaker 1: food and goods and the ability to drink and fish

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Speaker 1: and clean water, and we need to be able to

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Speaker 1: do this for the long run. So it does irk

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Speaker 1: me when we try to say that the natural flow

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Speaker 1: of water seen or unseen, does not carry with it

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Speaker 1: what your neighbor dumped in it because that's their business

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Speaker 1: and your property is yours or in the case of

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Speaker 1: the Pacific Ocean, our business. We'll stick with this one.

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Speaker 1: Please go check out Sam Longdren's article at the meat

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Speaker 1: Eater dot com for more were on how the Supreme

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Speaker 1: Courts and e p a is New Clean Water Act

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Speaker 1: guidelines affect hunters and anglers. Moving on to the new

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Speaker 1: species desk. To be fair, this first one is an

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Speaker 1: incredibly old species in a new place. By old, I

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Speaker 1: mean these fish are frozen in time in the fossil

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Speaker 1: record and date back one hundred million years. Recently, in

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Speaker 1: the state of Washington, commercial KRT fishermen hauled in two

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Speaker 1: alligator gar that had gotten caught in their carpont This

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Speaker 1: is on the Lower Yakima or Lower yak outside of Richland, Washington,

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Speaker 1: home of the Bombers. Alligator gar can live almost anywhere

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Speaker 1: there is food to eat, they can breathe there in

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Speaker 1: order to live in water void of oxygen. They can

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Speaker 1: live in high or low salinity water, and anything in between.

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Speaker 1: That being said, they used to have a much larger range,

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Speaker 1: but right now they're found primarily in the southern US

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Speaker 1: and Mexico. And definitely not Washington State. The two car

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Speaker 1: hauled in on the Act were indeed huge gar for

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Speaker 1: Washington State, both under thirty four inches. However, the US

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Speaker 1: record car was also caught in a net only all

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Speaker 1: the way down in Mississippi. That fish was over eight

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Speaker 1: ft long and weighed well over three hundred pounds. The

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Speaker 1: Washington car will not get the chance to grow that large,

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Speaker 1: as they are an invasive species, likely released by a

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Speaker 1: big fish fan with a small aquarium. Now for that

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Speaker 1: new new A turtle with camouflage so good it hit

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Speaker 1: right in plain sight. The Matta matta turtle is one

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Speaker 1: cool critter. It's a unique shell looks like it could

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Speaker 1: be rock and mud covered creek bottom. It's long neck

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Speaker 1: and flathead is covered in skin flaps that look like

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Speaker 1: leaf and moss edges. It is no surprise that this

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Speaker 1: turtle is an ambush predator. After all, when was the

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Speaker 1: last time you heard about any turtle chasing something down? Anyway,

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Speaker 1: this is your lumpers and splitters argument. A real classic

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Speaker 1: here at the meat eater. The matta matta from the

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Speaker 1: Amazon and Mahori regions have a slightly more rectangular shell

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Speaker 1: in pigmented belly, whereas the Matta matta from the Orinoco

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Speaker 1: and Rio Negro regions have a slightly more oval shape

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Speaker 1: to their shells and lacked the pigmentation on their belly.

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Speaker 1: Through extensive DNA analysis, the team at the National University

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Speaker 1: of Columbia have found that this one turtle is in

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Speaker 1: fact two turtles if you don't look back beyond twelve

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Speaker 1: point seven million years ago. That is about that time

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Speaker 1: the Amazon and Orinoco basins began to divide geologically, and

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Speaker 1: it appears that the turtle did as well. One developed

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Speaker 1: for Amazon, the other for the Orinoco. If you think

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Speaker 1: that this is a little silly, I can agree. However,

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Speaker 1: you have to take a minute and see how amazing

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Speaker 1: it is that one's environment can mold an entirely new

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Speaker 1: species out of another over the course of twelve or

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Speaker 1: so million years. In addition, being able to split a

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Speaker 1: species can be helpful, especially when you are as cool

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Speaker 1: looking and charismatic as the Mata matta. The exotic pet

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Speaker 1: trade seems to specialize in animals like this. However, due

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Speaker 1: to the large distribution of a single species, the Mata

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Speaker 1: matta was considered to be doing all right. Kind of

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Speaker 1: went under the radar. But now that we know we

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Speaker 1: are dealing with two individual species in their individual world

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Speaker 1: so to speak, new attention has been brought to the

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Speaker 1: Mata Matta, which could very well need our help. And

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Speaker 1: last stily from the New Animal Desk, a new pit

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Speaker 1: viper species has been identified in India and named after

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Speaker 1: a Harry Potter character, Trimerisurus Salazar or Salazar's pit viper,

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Speaker 1: named after, of course, the fictional character Salazar Slytherin, who

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Speaker 1: was the founder of the fictional Hogwarts School of Magic,

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Speaker 1: which was what you want that it wasn't slitherin. To

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Speaker 1: bring this back to reality, the Salazar's pit viper is

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Speaker 1: amongst forty eight pit vipers, and they Trimeri surus lispidic genus,

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Speaker 1: and they can kill you. According to Forbes, despite how

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Speaker 1: cool animals are on their own, there's a growing list

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Speaker 1: of animals named after Harry Potter characters. But if you

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Speaker 1: want to know something even better than what animal was

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Speaker 1: named after, what fake thing in Harry Potter. The venom

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Speaker 1: in the pit viper genus is hemo toxic, meaning it

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Speaker 1: destroys red blood cells and organ tissue. Could Salazar Slytherin.

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Speaker 1: Do that last up for this week the Anthropology Desk.

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Speaker 1: It's just a stick, but calling it just a stick

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Speaker 1: would be like calling humanities first step on the moon,

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Speaker 1: only dirt with a print. That quote was taken from

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Speaker 1: archaeologists at the University of tube ein Jordi Serengeli, originally

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Speaker 1: reported by the New York Times, and it's a good quote.

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Speaker 1: As reported in the journal Nature, Ecology and Evolution, The

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Speaker 1: famous site of shon ein Germany has produced some of

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Speaker 1: the oldest weapons known to history, including spears and javelins

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Speaker 1: and now a half pound two ft long throwing stick.

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Speaker 1: This quote technology is three hundred thousand years old, and

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Speaker 1: it could predate Neanderthal, who we know now as a

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Speaker 1: technological genius. That's an inside joke for you long time

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Speaker 1: listeners kind of Anyway, There is of course an argument

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Speaker 1: as to if this stick was not for hunting but

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Speaker 1: for digging roots, which would put the thrower in a

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Speaker 1: more passive role than hunting. I suppose the stick was

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Speaker 1: sharpened at both ends, not to spear, but to aid

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Speaker 1: in distance throwing. These items were used to kill small

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Speaker 1: game and to herd large animals into traps. Stick throwing

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Speaker 1: experiments have shown that these tools are effective along their

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Speaker 1: entire lengths, not the points, and a season stick thrower

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Speaker 1: could launch the weapon a staggering three hundred feet, which

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Speaker 1: is impressive. Now. Throwing sticks are well documented throughout history,

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Speaker 1: the most famous, arguably being the Aboriginal tool, the boomerang,

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Speaker 1: which the Aborigines used to great effect to disable kangaroos

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Speaker 1: by breaking their legs. That's a heavy bone. The world

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Speaker 1: record boomerang toss was set in two thousand five at

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Speaker 1: a staggering seven hundred and forty four feet or two

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Speaker 1: hundred and twenty seven To bring this one home to

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Speaker 1: modern times in the effectiveness of a good throwing stick.

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Speaker 1: As a kid, my mother thought it would be a

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Speaker 1: good idea to get me a boomerang, and it wasn't

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Speaker 1: good for anything other than getting stuck on the roof.

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Speaker 1: Fast forward a few years, and I watched the old

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Speaker 1: outfitter pick up a straight stick slightly heavier on one

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Speaker 1: end and attempt thump a snowshoe hair on a snow

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Speaker 1: covered logging road We've been walking back to camp on,

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Speaker 1: he said, pard I used to get quite a few

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Speaker 1: rabbits that way. He had this side arm toss that

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Speaker 1: made the stick fly perfectly level end over end about

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Speaker 1: rabbit head height, and this technique stuck with me. Since then,

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Speaker 1: I have gotten quite a few rabbits and likely more

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Speaker 1: grouse with this technique. It is wickedly effective and unbeknownst

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Speaker 1: to me, something hunters have been doing for only three

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Speaker 1: hundred thousand years. Thanks a munch for listening. Remember we're

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Speaker 1: working hard on the Meat Eater Land Access Initiative, where

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Speaker 1: we are putting all proceeds from Ronella who tell us

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00:24:59,800 --> 00:25:04,359
Speaker 1: camp paying merchandise to providing more hunting and fishing for America.

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Speaker 1: Go to the meat eater dot com to buy that

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00:25:07,760 --> 00:25:11,600
Speaker 1: merch and submit any pieces of property that you know

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Speaker 1: of right there as well. Don't forget to write in

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Speaker 1: to a s K C. A L At the meat

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Speaker 1: eater dot com that's asked Cal at the meat eater

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Speaker 1: dot com and let me know what I'm getting right,

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00:25:25,600 --> 00:25:27,880
Speaker 1: let me know what I'm getting wrong and what I'm

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Speaker 1: missing in your area. And while you're at it, tell

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Speaker 1: us some friends about the podcast. Thanks again, and I'll

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Speaker 1: talk to you next week.