WEBVTT - 9 Facts to Get You in the Apple-Picking Mood

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<v Speaker 1>Guess what mango?

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<v Speaker 2>What's that?

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<v Speaker 3>Well, so I was reading this article in Mother Jones.

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<v Speaker 3>It's by Rowan Jacobson.

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<v Speaker 2>Oh yeah, I know that byline he writes all those

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<v Speaker 2>great food articles, like there was that one on a

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<v Speaker 2>cheese a while back.

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<v Speaker 3>I think, yeah, yeah, Well for this article he was

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<v Speaker 3>writing about apples, We're gonna go with a different food topic,

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<v Speaker 3>mango apples and apple trees specifically. And you know, until

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<v Speaker 3>I read this piece, I had no idea how long

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<v Speaker 3>an apple tree could live?

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<v Speaker 1>Did you know? I have no idea?

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<v Speaker 3>This isn't in your list of facts. Well, actually, I'm

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<v Speaker 3>just going to quote him here. It says, even when abandoned,

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<v Speaker 3>an apple tree can live more than two hundred years,

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<v Speaker 3>and like the giving tree in shel Silverstein's book, it

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<v Speaker 3>will wait patiently for the boy to return. There is

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<v Speaker 3>a bent old black Oxford tree and Hollowell, Maine that

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<v Speaker 3>is approximately two centuries old and still gives a crop

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<v Speaker 3>of midnight purple apples each fall.

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<v Speaker 2>I've actually never heard of midnight purple apples. We're learning

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<v Speaker 2>so many things today.

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<v Speaker 3>Well, apparently the US used to have thousands of different

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<v Speaker 3>varieties of apples in the eighteen hundreds and the styles

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<v Speaker 3>are really astonished. And since we're getting into fall and

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<v Speaker 3>apple picking season, we thought it'd be fun to do

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<v Speaker 3>a list of nine things all about apples. So let's

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<v Speaker 3>dig it. Hey, their podcast listeners, welcome to Part Time Genius.

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<v Speaker 3>I'm Will Pearson and as always I'm joined by my

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<v Speaker 3>good friend Mangesh hot Ticketter and sitting behind the soundproof

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<v Speaker 3>glass trying to stack apples three on top of each other.

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<v Speaker 1>How long do you think he's been doing this? It's been.

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<v Speaker 3>I guess that's how tall as smurf is supposed to be.

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<v Speaker 3>Three apples, three apples. Our friend and producer Tristan McNeil

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<v Speaker 3>always up to something.

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<v Speaker 2>What a weirdo, but we love him. So I'm actually

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<v Speaker 2>happy you picked apples as a topic because our cute

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<v Speaker 2>little neighbor Ben, who is the best dressed gentleman on

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<v Speaker 2>our block.

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<v Speaker 3>About Ben Bowl in the podcaster here, I was like,

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<v Speaker 3>he's not that little or well dressed.

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<v Speaker 2>Actually he is well dressed. But our neighbor brought these

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<v Speaker 2>like little bag of apples over this morning because he'd

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<v Speaker 2>gotten apple picking this weekend, and in Georgia, I mean

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<v Speaker 2>it's late September here, but it is so warm, I

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<v Speaker 2>don't really think of it as apple picking season, and

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<v Speaker 2>seeing that was almost my first reminder that it was

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<v Speaker 2>fall now. But where do you want to start?

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<v Speaker 1>Well, hoy, don't we start with just the varieties of apples.

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<v Speaker 3>I know we mentioned just how many there used to

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<v Speaker 3>be here in the States, And I found this list

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<v Speaker 3>of eighteen apples with these incredible names that our friend

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<v Speaker 3>Erica Okrant did for mental flaws, and the names are

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<v Speaker 3>just so great. So we've got spartan dog, snout, Winterstein,

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<v Speaker 3>rusty Coat, cor de bouffe, which is one of my favorites,

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<v Speaker 3>which means heart of beef, and my favorite American mother.

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<v Speaker 2>So those are some tough sounding names and they almost

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<v Speaker 2>sound like uh punk rock fans or something.

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<v Speaker 3>Actually, it's funny you say that, because there is one

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<v Speaker 3>with an umlot that looks like a hair band.

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<v Speaker 1>It's called Ootweiler spot lot. I think I'm sure I

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<v Speaker 1>said that right.

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<v Speaker 2>And it does not sound appealing the way you say that.

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<v Speaker 2>They're right, But you know, docs now isn't like an

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<v Speaker 2>apple I'm super keen to bite into. But I am curious, like,

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<v Speaker 2>in reading all these descriptions, are there any of these

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<v Speaker 2>rare varietals that you're actually eager to try.

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<v Speaker 3>I mean, there was actually something in that row in

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<v Speaker 3>jacobson piece. So, like we mentioned, in the mid eighteen hundreds,

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<v Speaker 3>there were thousands of different types of apples, and as

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<v Speaker 3>industrial agriculture came to the forefront, apple growers picked a

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<v Speaker 3>handful of varieties to promote, not often settling on the

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<v Speaker 3>ones that were the heartiest to transport for obvious reasons,

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<v Speaker 3>which is.

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<v Speaker 2>Why I red delicious are so popular, but you know,

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<v Speaker 2>not really the most tasty of apples.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, that's right.

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<v Speaker 3>But one of the apples that Jacobson writes about is

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<v Speaker 3>called the Harrison apple, and as he puts it, quote,

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<v Speaker 3>it was the pride of Newark, New Jersey, renown in

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<v Speaker 3>the early eighteen hundreds for making a golden champagne like

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<v Speaker 3>cider that might have been the finest in the world.

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<v Speaker 2>So did we just get rid of it because it

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<v Speaker 2>didn't transport?

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<v Speaker 3>Well no, I mean it was lost for a few

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<v Speaker 3>decades actually because of prohibition and there was no real

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<v Speaker 3>reason to keep growing them. But then in the late

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<v Speaker 3>nineteen seventies, this apple detective wouldn't this be a great job?

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<v Speaker 3>He was an apple detective and he found one old

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<v Speaker 3>tree in New Jersey. He grafted it and he started

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<v Speaker 3>growing them again. And I haven't tried the champagne sider,

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<v Speaker 3>but it's definitely on my to do list.

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<v Speaker 2>So that's really interesting that they grafted a branch to

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<v Speaker 2>make that happen. And I guess that's common for growing fruit.

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<v Speaker 2>But one thing I didn't know until you know, we

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<v Speaker 2>talked about this topic was that you can't actually grow

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<v Speaker 2>a great apple tree from just planning a seed of

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<v Speaker 2>any apple. And this is actually how BuzzFeed puts it. Quote,

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<v Speaker 2>if you ate a macintosh apple and planted the seed,

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<v Speaker 2>the tree it grew would produce apples that looked and

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<v Speaker 2>tasted nothing like macintoshes. So instead of planning seeds, growers

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<v Speaker 2>attach a cutting from the genetically desirable tree onto an

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<v Speaker 2>existing branch or sapling called a rootstock, so that the

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<v Speaker 2>grafted bit produces apples genetically identical did those on the tree.

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<v Speaker 1>It was cut from.

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<v Speaker 2>I mean, obviously I knew a little bit about grafting,

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<v Speaker 2>but I don't know why it was so surprising to me.

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<v Speaker 2>I think just because I had this like romantic old

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<v Speaker 2>idea of like Johnny Apple seeds, scattering seeds, and these

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<v Speaker 2>beautiful tasty apples growing from them. But you know that's

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<v Speaker 2>almost never how you get great apples.

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<v Speaker 3>You know, One thing I realized as I was reading

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<v Speaker 3>up on this was how little I knew about apple production.

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<v Speaker 3>Like farmers at apple orchards actually rent thousands of bees

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<v Speaker 3>and hives from beekeepers each season just to pollinate their trees.

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<v Speaker 1>Did you know this?

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<v Speaker 2>I did not realize there was a rental market for bees.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, but a good one.

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<v Speaker 2>I know. In New York, some of our neighbors used

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<v Speaker 2>to rent a cat to come to their place just

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<v Speaker 2>to run around and lead the scent to keep away mice,

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<v Speaker 2>which is equally weird to me.

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<v Speaker 3>Weird and now scary. All of a sudden, you get

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<v Speaker 3>one more place to be scared of. Well, yeah, so

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<v Speaker 3>what happens is you rent bees for a couple of

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<v Speaker 3>weeks and then the beekeeper comes back and takes the

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<v Speaker 3>hive to another orchard. At least I think that's how

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<v Speaker 3>it works. But I was reading about this Georgia farmer

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<v Speaker 3>who was saying he doesn't need to rent bees because

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<v Speaker 3>there are just so many types around, just naturally. And

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<v Speaker 3>this was from a story reported on by Wabe. But

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<v Speaker 3>the scientist from a local college came by and he

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<v Speaker 3>referred to this one orchard as the bee Eden, and

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<v Speaker 3>so here's his quote about it. The first time I

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<v Speaker 3>came here during bloom was eye opening for me. It

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<v Speaker 3>looked like almost the entire orchard was kind of on fire,

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<v Speaker 3>was smoking like this black mist. Get up in there

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<v Speaker 3>and you actually realize it's not smoke. It's just thousands

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<v Speaker 3>and thousands and thousands of bees and they're all native.

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<v Speaker 3>So what's crazy is that he found more than one

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<v Speaker 3>hundred and fifty species of bees at this.

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<v Speaker 1>One apple orchard of crazy.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah, including a type of bee that mines under the

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<v Speaker 3>trees and has an underground city in the dirt.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, that's amazing. Well, I have one last apple growing

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<v Speaker 2>factor and then we can talk about other things. But

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<v Speaker 2>apparently Japan created some of the largest and most beautiful

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<v Speaker 2>apples in the world. And if you've read about the

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<v Speaker 2>giant single package strawberries they give for Valentine's Day, or

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<v Speaker 2>like the square watermelon they produce, you know that the

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<v Speaker 2>culture around cultivating this beautiful produce is very real, and

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<v Speaker 2>apples are no exception. So I found this article on

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<v Speaker 2>the University of Cincinnati magazine from this professor who was

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<v Speaker 2>writing about her experience in Japan. And apparently farmers will

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<v Speaker 2>climb ladders and pluck the four outer blooms on an apple,

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<v Speaker 2>leaving only the center one because it creates an apple

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<v Speaker 2>that's thirty percent larger than the standard American apple. And

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<v Speaker 2>this is all done by hand. And then early in

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<v Speaker 2>the season, when the apples are still just an inch big,

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<v Speaker 2>they actually discard all the imperfect ones, like they know

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<v Speaker 2>at that young like that they're not going to be beautiful, yeah,

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<v Speaker 2>And then they take all the promising ones and they

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<v Speaker 2>put these special wax paper bags on them. And not

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<v Speaker 2>only does this paper bag system keep out the pest,

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<v Speaker 2>but it supposedly extends the like storage life and the

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<v Speaker 2>flavor of the fruits. And then they also put different

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<v Speaker 2>wax colored paper on because it triggers the color jeans

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<v Speaker 2>of the apples, and it's kind of crazy. They leave

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<v Speaker 2>on to work. They leave them on for ten to

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<v Speaker 2>fourteen days, and then they remove the bags, and then

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<v Speaker 2>they give the apples pure sunlight because that's what gives

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<v Speaker 2>them sweetness. But to make sure the apples get even

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<v Speaker 2>sweetness everywhere, they actually rotate the apples on the on

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<v Speaker 2>the branches by hand.

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<v Speaker 3>They rotate them on the brand that they wouldn't be

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<v Speaker 3>pulled off by doing that.

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<v Speaker 2>No, they carefully rotate them. They take away any leaves

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<v Speaker 2>that are causing shades. They even put these like white

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<v Speaker 2>reflective mats underneath so that the bottom of the apples

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<v Speaker 2>get a perfect tan. It's crazy. And then for the

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<v Speaker 2>biggest apples, which are obviously going to be sold as gifts,

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<v Speaker 2>they put on these stickers to create tattoos on the

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<v Speaker 2>apples that say things like best wishes for a long

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<v Speaker 2>life or or this one Japanese pop star put images

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<v Speaker 2>of his face on it to.

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<v Speaker 1>Get out to fans.

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<v Speaker 2>It's just kind of amazing. But the professor ended the

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<v Speaker 2>article by saying, quote, this intensive work results in apples

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<v Speaker 2>that are absolutely beautiful and flawless. Our apples look scruffy

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<v Speaker 2>in comparison. Yeah, I mean it so much work. All right,

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<v Speaker 2>So we've done about five facts. Now I think, what

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<v Speaker 2>do you say? We reel off some quick ones about

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<v Speaker 2>apples you don't want to hear more about Japanese apple

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<v Speaker 2>com That was pretty interesting. So here's what I found

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<v Speaker 2>about the nineteen oh four Olympic marathon race and a

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<v Speaker 2>truly bad apple. And of course reading about the old

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<v Speaker 2>Olympics reminds you of just how different the competition was

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<v Speaker 2>back then. Like in nineteen oh four, Felix Carbajal ran

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<v Speaker 2>the race in cutoff trousers and a beret for some reason.

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<v Speaker 2>And according to Smithsonian, he saw someone eating peaches along

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<v Speaker 2>the way and snatched one or two and ate them.

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<v Speaker 2>But he was still hungry for fruit, so he stopped

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<v Speaker 2>in an orchard along the way and ate a bunch

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<v Speaker 2>of apples, and then a few miles later he realized

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<v Speaker 2>they were bad apples and he got the stomach cramp,

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<v Speaker 2>so he laid down, took a nap, and when he

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<v Speaker 2>woke up, he kept running.

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<v Speaker 3>He was a butterfly. I thought you were telling the

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<v Speaker 3>story of like that's kind of what He was still hungry.

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<v Speaker 2>Then he took a nap, but he took a nap,

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<v Speaker 2>started running again, and he finished in fourth place.

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<v Speaker 1>Wow, in his fancy shorts. That's pretty great. Yeah, oh,

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<v Speaker 1>that's pretty incredible.

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<v Speaker 2>All right.

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<v Speaker 1>Well, here's something I hadn't heard before.

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<v Speaker 3>It It comes from the New York Times, and they

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<v Speaker 3>were actually talking to this curator at the Philadelphia Museum

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<v Speaker 3>of Art and discussing how artists spends so many hours

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<v Speaker 3>just trying to represent a real fruit on canvas, you know,

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<v Speaker 3>trying to get the color and the shape just completely accurate.

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<v Speaker 3>Now partially because they're inspired by Seyson. But what's funny

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<v Speaker 3>is that Sezon was a very slow painter. And as

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<v Speaker 3>he puts it, he says that Seisan used artificial fruit

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<v Speaker 3>partially because he didn't want it rotting in the time

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<v Speaker 3>that he was trying to capture.

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<v Speaker 1>I doubt that that's really true, but it gives you

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<v Speaker 1>an idea of just how slow you was.

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<v Speaker 2>That is interesting. Well, kind of like how Audubon used

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<v Speaker 2>to paint birds by killing them and fixing them the

0:10:17.440 --> 0:10:21.000
<v Speaker 2>wires on branches and like that. It's so grim, But

0:10:21.559 --> 0:10:23.360
<v Speaker 2>we've got two more apple facts to go, so let's

0:10:23.360 --> 0:10:40.200
<v Speaker 2>get to those right after a break. So have I

0:10:40.200 --> 0:10:43.280
<v Speaker 2>told you that Ruby is obsessed with making fruit salads

0:10:43.320 --> 0:10:45.000
<v Speaker 2>and just forcing them on people lately?

0:10:45.320 --> 0:10:49.040
<v Speaker 3>You have not, although given her weird obsessions, this doesn't Yeah.

0:10:49.120 --> 0:10:50.760
<v Speaker 2>So I walked in the house the other day and

0:10:50.800 --> 0:10:53.079
<v Speaker 2>she said, who things, I make a great fruit salad.

0:10:53.200 --> 0:10:55.440
<v Speaker 2>Raise your hand, dad, wis in your hand?

0:10:55.520 --> 0:10:59.880
<v Speaker 1>Raised you gotta be honest with that's pretty good. Now,

0:11:00.040 --> 0:11:00.760
<v Speaker 1>are they any good?

0:11:01.520 --> 0:11:03.559
<v Speaker 2>I mean, it's surprising how good it is for a

0:11:03.600 --> 0:11:06.000
<v Speaker 2>five year old to me at least. But she's so

0:11:06.160 --> 0:11:08.559
<v Speaker 2>cocky about it. Like we went to this Korean restaurant

0:11:08.640 --> 0:11:10.880
<v Speaker 2>last week and she looked at the food that came

0:11:10.920 --> 0:11:12.800
<v Speaker 2>out and then she just kind of like turned to

0:11:12.840 --> 0:11:15.280
<v Speaker 2>the waiter and said, I make a great fruit salad.

0:11:15.320 --> 0:11:17.680
<v Speaker 2>If you want, I can come back and show you how,

0:11:19.240 --> 0:11:21.880
<v Speaker 2>Like it's a secret or something. It's so ridiculous.

0:11:21.920 --> 0:11:24.240
<v Speaker 3>Pretty great, all right, So we're talking apples and the

0:11:24.320 --> 0:11:26.960
<v Speaker 3>pressure is on. I'd love this talk about Ruby. In fact,

0:11:27.000 --> 0:11:29.400
<v Speaker 3>I think her obsessions deserve a night at some point.

0:11:29.400 --> 0:11:30.920
<v Speaker 3>But what's your last factor of the day?

0:11:30.960 --> 0:11:31.240
<v Speaker 1>Mango?

0:11:32.800 --> 0:11:34.559
<v Speaker 2>Maybe Why New York is called a big Apple?

0:11:34.600 --> 0:11:35.480
<v Speaker 1>Oh yeah, a good one.

0:11:35.520 --> 0:11:37.520
<v Speaker 2>So New York City does produce a lot of apples,

0:11:37.559 --> 0:11:39.800
<v Speaker 2>but according to history dot com, the nickname doesn't have

0:11:39.840 --> 0:11:42.440
<v Speaker 2>to do with the fruit production. Apparently the name comes

0:11:42.480 --> 0:11:45.480
<v Speaker 2>from this newspaper writer in the twenties who overheard these

0:11:45.559 --> 0:11:49.040
<v Speaker 2>New Orleans stable hens talking about traveling to these big

0:11:49.160 --> 0:11:51.240
<v Speaker 2>races in New York and they called it the Big

0:11:51.240 --> 0:11:53.920
<v Speaker 2>Apple because it was considered this like big time venue.

0:11:54.280 --> 0:11:56.280
<v Speaker 2>But he liked it so much he just kept using it,

0:11:56.360 --> 0:11:58.679
<v Speaker 2>and it caught on with jazz musicians in the thirties.

0:11:58.679 --> 0:12:01.600
<v Speaker 2>But apparently the city she forgot the name for about

0:12:01.640 --> 0:12:04.199
<v Speaker 2>forty years, and then it was revived in the seventies

0:12:04.200 --> 0:12:06.839
<v Speaker 2>for a tourism campaign and that's when it really stuck.

0:12:06.880 --> 0:12:08.200
<v Speaker 2>But you know, what's interesting to me is that New

0:12:08.240 --> 0:12:11.520
<v Speaker 2>York hasn't always been partial to apples. In the sixteen hundreds,

0:12:11.559 --> 0:12:13.680
<v Speaker 2>the Dutch actually called the city New Orange for a

0:12:13.679 --> 0:12:16.640
<v Speaker 2>brief period in honor of William of Orange.

0:12:16.679 --> 0:12:18.840
<v Speaker 3>Oh wow, all right, Well, I'm going to end this

0:12:18.880 --> 0:12:21.280
<v Speaker 3>one on Isaac Newton. It just felt like the right

0:12:21.320 --> 0:12:22.880
<v Speaker 3>thing to do in a story I found on him

0:12:22.920 --> 0:12:26.320
<v Speaker 3>from our friends at Nita Rama. So everybody's heard the

0:12:26.400 --> 0:12:30.320
<v Speaker 3>legend that Newton quote discovered gravity when an apple fell

0:12:30.360 --> 0:12:32.960
<v Speaker 3>on his head, And well, the story isn't exactly true.

0:12:33.080 --> 0:12:36.680
<v Speaker 3>There was an apple involved in the discovery. Apparently Newton

0:12:36.720 --> 0:12:40.120
<v Speaker 3>wrote about it himself and describe witnessing this falling apple

0:12:40.160 --> 0:12:43.320
<v Speaker 3>while staring out of a window at his house in Woolsthorpe, Manor.

0:12:43.679 --> 0:12:46.480
<v Speaker 3>Now what's interesting, though, is that there are a number

0:12:46.520 --> 0:12:49.840
<v Speaker 3>of places that claim they have the tree, and one

0:12:49.840 --> 0:12:52.200
<v Speaker 3>place called the King's School says that they paid to

0:12:52.320 --> 0:12:56.040
<v Speaker 3>uproot the tree and put it in their headmaster's garden. Meanwhile,

0:12:56.120 --> 0:12:58.880
<v Speaker 3>Trinity College and Cambridge claims that they have the lone

0:12:58.880 --> 0:13:01.480
<v Speaker 3>descendant of the original old tree outside the room where

0:13:01.520 --> 0:13:05.000
<v Speaker 3>Newton studied. What's funny is that they all get pretty

0:13:05.000 --> 0:13:08.640
<v Speaker 3>specific about the tree too. So here's how Nitaama explains it.

0:13:08.960 --> 0:13:11.320
<v Speaker 3>That the apple is a green cooking apple called the

0:13:11.360 --> 0:13:15.000
<v Speaker 3>flower of Kent, and it's this pear shaped, mealy and

0:13:15.320 --> 0:13:19.040
<v Speaker 3>actually generally unappetizing apple that changed the course of signs.

0:13:19.840 --> 0:13:22.720
<v Speaker 2>I like that we're giving this pear shaped, mediocre apple

0:13:22.800 --> 0:13:24.720
<v Speaker 2>some glorious I do think you have to get the

0:13:24.760 --> 0:13:25.160
<v Speaker 2>prize for this.

0:13:25.400 --> 0:13:27.320
<v Speaker 1>Well, thanks so much. And if you look, actually he

0:13:27.400 --> 0:13:30.600
<v Speaker 1>has stacked four apples. He's just showing off over there. Tristan.

0:13:31.800 --> 0:13:34.760
<v Speaker 3>That's right, well them, Tristan, mango and meat. Thanks so

0:13:34.840 --> 0:13:50.920
<v Speaker 3>much for listening. Thanks again for listening. Part Time Genius

0:13:50.960 --> 0:13:52.880
<v Speaker 3>is a production of how stuff works and wouldn't be

0:13:52.880 --> 0:13:55.840
<v Speaker 3>possible without several brilliant people who do the important things.

0:13:55.840 --> 0:13:57.520
<v Speaker 3>We couldn't even begin to understand.

0:13:57.800 --> 0:13:59.400
<v Speaker 2>Tristan McNeil does the editing thing.

0:13:59.559 --> 0:14:01.600
<v Speaker 1>Noel Bred made the theme song and does the mixy

0:14:01.640 --> 0:14:02.439
<v Speaker 1>mixy sound thing.

0:14:02.960 --> 0:14:05.079
<v Speaker 2>Jerry Roland does the exact producer thing.

0:14:05.320 --> 0:14:08.120
<v Speaker 3>Gabeluesier is our lead researcher, with support from the research

0:14:08.200 --> 0:14:11.480
<v Speaker 3>Army including Austin Thompson, Nolan Brown and Lucas Adams and Eves.

0:14:11.520 --> 0:14:13.960
<v Speaker 2>Jeffcote gets the show to your ears. Good job, Eves.

0:14:14.080 --> 0:14:16.000
<v Speaker 3>If you like what you heard, we hope you'll subscribe,

0:14:16.000 --> 0:14:17.880
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<v Speaker 1>Good review for us.

0:14:19.560 --> 0:14:20.880
<v Speaker 2>Do we forget Jason?

0:14:21.080 --> 0:14:21.680
<v Speaker 1>Jason who