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Speaker 1: Welcome to brain Stuff production of I Heart Radio. Hi

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Speaker 1: brain Stuff, I'm Lauren Fogelbaum. In today's episode is another

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Speaker 1: classic from our archives. In this one, we talk about

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Speaker 1: what I have to Imagine was one of the most

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Speaker 1: fun research studies to participate in in recent history, at

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Speaker 1: the very least, which delved into how dogs use facial

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Speaker 1: expressions to communicate with us humans. Hey, brain Stuff, Lauren

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Speaker 1: Vogelbam here. If you're like me, you love dogs, possibly

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Speaker 1: more than people. Some days, their warm eyes and doggie

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Speaker 1: grins have me wrapped around their fluffy pupper tails, and

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Speaker 1: according to new research from the University of Portsmouth's Dog

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Speaker 1: Cognition Center, dogs deliberately make more facial expressions when we're

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Speaker 1: watching them, and it could be their way to communicate

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Speaker 1: with us. The study was led by Dr Julienne Kaminski

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Speaker 1: and published in a sen issue of Scientific Reports. Kaminski

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Speaker 1: and her research team came to their conclusion after watching

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Speaker 1: twenty four different dogs, all family pets of varying breeds

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Speaker 1: and ages. Each dog was filmed individually in a room

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Speaker 1: with a person who went through various scenarios including looking

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Speaker 1: at the dog, looking away from the dog, and giving

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Speaker 1: the dog food. The scientists then studied the dog's facial

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Speaker 1: expressions using the Dog Facial Action Coding System or Dog FACTS,

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Speaker 1: which is a scientific tool for coding canines facial movements.

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Speaker 1: It was adapted from the FACTS system created for humans

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Speaker 1: back in Kaminsky and her team discovered that each dog

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Speaker 1: made animated faces when the person in the room was

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Speaker 1: looking at it, including raising its eyebrows and sticking out

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Speaker 1: its tongue, a much more than when the person's back

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Speaker 1: was turned. In a press statement, Dr Kaminsky said the

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Speaker 1: findings appear to support evidence that dogs are sensitive to

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Speaker 1: humans attention and that expressions are potentially active attempts to communicate,

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Speaker 1: not simple emotional displays. Most surprisingly is that even the

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Speaker 1: presence of food didn't influence the dogs as much as

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Speaker 1: human affection. Kaminski said, we knew domestic dogs paid attention

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Speaker 1: to how attentive a human is. In a previous study,

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Speaker 1: we found, for example, the dogs stole food more often

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Speaker 1: when the human's eyes were closed or when they had

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Speaker 1: their back turned. In another study, we found dogs follow

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Speaker 1: the gaze of a human if the human first establishes

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Speaker 1: eye contact with the dog, so the dog knows that

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Speaker 1: the gaze shift is directed at them. Kavinski says it's

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Speaker 1: possible that the expressions of dogs have changed as they've

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Speaker 1: become more domesticated, but the study does have its limits.

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Speaker 1: Twenty four canines makes for a small study sample, so

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Speaker 1: it's likely that more dogs should be studied to confirm

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Speaker 1: these findings, which sounds like an excellent research session to me.

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Speaker 1: Today's episode is based on the article dogs make more

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Speaker 1: expressive faces when humans are watching on how stuff works

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Speaker 1: dot com, written by Elea Hoyt. Brain Stuff is production

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Speaker 1: of by Heart Radio and partnership with how staff works

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Speaker 1: dot Com, and it's produced by Tyler clang Or more

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