1 00:00:00,280 --> 00:00:02,000 Speaker 1: This Day in History Class. It's a production of I 2 00:00:02,080 --> 00:00:07,600 Speaker 1: Heart Radio. Hello. Hello, everyone, Welcome to this Day in 3 00:00:07,640 --> 00:00:10,799 Speaker 1: History Class, where we bring you a new tidbit from 4 00:00:10,920 --> 00:00:24,599 Speaker 1: history every day. Today is August. The day was August 5 00:00:25,600 --> 00:00:31,360 Speaker 1: n St. Teresa of Calcutta, commonly known as Mother Teresa, 6 00:00:31,880 --> 00:00:36,640 Speaker 1: was born in what is now Skapia, Northern Macedonia. Born 7 00:00:36,800 --> 00:00:40,720 Speaker 1: Anya's Ganja Boyaju, Mother Teresa was part of a middle 8 00:00:40,760 --> 00:00:44,880 Speaker 1: class Albanian family. Her brother believed that their mother's service 9 00:00:44,960 --> 00:00:48,560 Speaker 1: to poor people in the community helped influence Mother Teresa 10 00:00:48,640 --> 00:00:52,680 Speaker 1: to become a nun. When she was eighteen years old, 11 00:00:53,080 --> 00:00:56,800 Speaker 1: she joined the Sisters of Laredo, a community of Irish 12 00:00:56,920 --> 00:01:01,360 Speaker 1: nuns who had a mission in Calcutta, India, in nineteen 13 00:01:01,400 --> 00:01:05,039 Speaker 1: thirty one, after spending time in Ireland, then joining the 14 00:01:05,120 --> 00:01:09,400 Speaker 1: Laredo Convent in Darjeeling, India, she took her first vows 15 00:01:09,560 --> 00:01:12,759 Speaker 1: and took the name Teresa in honor of the French 16 00:01:12,840 --> 00:01:16,479 Speaker 1: sat terrace of le Zoo. She would also take her 17 00:01:16,480 --> 00:01:20,080 Speaker 1: final vows at the Laredo Convent in Darjeeling in nineteen 18 00:01:20,120 --> 00:01:24,600 Speaker 1: thirty seven. Teresa was assigned to teach at St. Mary's 19 00:01:24,680 --> 00:01:27,520 Speaker 1: High School for Girls in Calcutta. Though the school was 20 00:01:27,560 --> 00:01:31,360 Speaker 1: close to a poor area, the students were mainly wealthy. 21 00:01:32,000 --> 00:01:35,960 Speaker 1: But by nineteen six Mother Teresa received what she considered 22 00:01:35,959 --> 00:01:39,000 Speaker 1: a second calling. She wanted to work with the poor. 23 00:01:40,280 --> 00:01:42,680 Speaker 1: The Vatican gave her permission to leave the Sisters of 24 00:01:42,760 --> 00:01:46,240 Speaker 1: Laredo and start work under the guidance of the Archbishop 25 00:01:46,280 --> 00:01:50,280 Speaker 1: of Calcutta. After she was granted permission to live as 26 00:01:50,320 --> 00:01:53,760 Speaker 1: an independent nun, she began wearing a white starry with 27 00:01:53,840 --> 00:01:56,640 Speaker 1: a blue boarder and a cross pinned on her left 28 00:01:56,680 --> 00:02:01,240 Speaker 1: shoulder as her habit. She began training with the American 29 00:02:01,280 --> 00:02:05,760 Speaker 1: Medical Missionary Sisters in Putna, India. By the end of 30 00:02:05,840 --> 00:02:10,040 Speaker 1: nineteen forty eight, she was back in Calcutta, teaching impoverished 31 00:02:10,120 --> 00:02:15,000 Speaker 1: children literacy and hygiene. In nineteen fifty her group, the 32 00:02:15,080 --> 00:02:18,959 Speaker 1: Missionaries of Charity, was granted official status as a religious 33 00:02:18,960 --> 00:02:26,200 Speaker 1: community within the Archdiocese of Calcutta. Members took vows of poverty, chastity, obedience, 34 00:02:26,440 --> 00:02:31,120 Speaker 1: and giving free service to the most impoverished people. Teresa 35 00:02:31,160 --> 00:02:36,520 Speaker 1: was soon granted Indian citizenship In nineteen fifty two. The 36 00:02:36,560 --> 00:02:40,920 Speaker 1: Missionaries of Charity began caring for dying people and opened 37 00:02:40,960 --> 00:02:44,400 Speaker 1: the Collie got home for the dying. In the mid 38 00:02:44,520 --> 00:02:48,600 Speaker 1: nineteen fifties, Mother Teresa also began working with people with 39 00:02:48,680 --> 00:02:54,519 Speaker 1: leprosy and established a rehabilitation center for them. The Missionaries 40 00:02:54,560 --> 00:02:58,080 Speaker 1: of Charity also went on to run several elementary schools 41 00:02:58,120 --> 00:03:02,520 Speaker 1: in Calcutta and open into home for orphans and abandoned children. 42 00:03:03,720 --> 00:03:07,440 Speaker 1: In nineteen sixty Pope Paul the Six gave the Missionaries 43 00:03:07,480 --> 00:03:10,440 Speaker 1: of Charity the rank of a Society of Pontifical Right, 44 00:03:10,880 --> 00:03:14,960 Speaker 1: so it was under direct control of the papacy. The 45 00:03:15,000 --> 00:03:20,080 Speaker 1: congregation was also granted permission to expand beyond India. By 46 00:03:20,120 --> 00:03:23,200 Speaker 1: the late nineteen seventies, there were more than two hundred 47 00:03:23,240 --> 00:03:26,520 Speaker 1: centers in more than twenty five countries around the world. 48 00:03:27,639 --> 00:03:31,760 Speaker 1: In nineteen sixty nine, the Missionaries of Charity became affiliated 49 00:03:31,840 --> 00:03:35,680 Speaker 1: with the International Association of Co Workers, a group that 50 00:03:35,800 --> 00:03:40,360 Speaker 1: also aimed to serve the poorest people. As the Missionaries 51 00:03:40,400 --> 00:03:45,240 Speaker 1: of Charity expanded globally into places where population growth was extensive, 52 00:03:45,840 --> 00:03:50,240 Speaker 1: the sisters maintained their negative views of abortion and contraception. 53 00:03:51,440 --> 00:03:55,880 Speaker 1: They started up new operations for the elderly, people with aids, 54 00:03:56,240 --> 00:04:02,080 Speaker 1: and disabled people. Mother Teresa's work and character was recognized widely, 55 00:04:02,600 --> 00:04:08,240 Speaker 1: and she received the Nobel Peace Prize in nineteen seventy nine. Eventually, 56 00:04:08,480 --> 00:04:13,040 Speaker 1: Mother Teresa began struggling with health issues and was hospitalized 57 00:04:13,080 --> 00:04:16,400 Speaker 1: a couple of times. At that point, Sister Normala was 58 00:04:16,520 --> 00:04:20,600 Speaker 1: named as the leader of the Missionaries of Charity. Mother 59 00:04:20,720 --> 00:04:23,400 Speaker 1: Teresa died of a heart attack in September of n 60 00:04:25,080 --> 00:04:29,560 Speaker 1: She was canonized as a saint in ten but her 61 00:04:29,640 --> 00:04:33,200 Speaker 1: legacy is not without controversy. There were claims that she 62 00:04:33,360 --> 00:04:37,160 Speaker 1: and her followers baptized the dying without their knowledge. Many 63 00:04:37,200 --> 00:04:40,400 Speaker 1: people testified that the medical care the Missionaries of Charity 64 00:04:40,400 --> 00:04:45,280 Speaker 1: administered was negligible and many personnel were not medically trained 65 00:04:45,520 --> 00:04:50,279 Speaker 1: and the conditions were unhygienic. Mother Teresa, on the other hand, 66 00:04:50,520 --> 00:04:55,479 Speaker 1: went to expensive facilities when she needed medical treatment. People 67 00:04:55,560 --> 00:04:59,200 Speaker 1: also claimed that Mother Teresa's work was more about proselytizing 68 00:04:59,200 --> 00:05:03,640 Speaker 1: and poor community these than relieving suffering. There were also 69 00:05:03,760 --> 00:05:06,680 Speaker 1: concerns over the way she managed the money she received 70 00:05:07,080 --> 00:05:12,560 Speaker 1: and her views on abortion, contraception, and divorce. I'm Eves 71 00:05:12,600 --> 00:05:15,080 Speaker 1: Jeff Coote, and hopefully you know a little more about 72 00:05:15,160 --> 00:05:19,200 Speaker 1: history today than you did yesterday. And if you're so 73 00:05:19,320 --> 00:05:23,599 Speaker 1: inclined You can follow us at t D i h 74 00:05:23,800 --> 00:05:29,839 Speaker 1: C Podcast on Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter. We'll see you tomorrow. 75 00:05:41,760 --> 00:05:44,039 Speaker 1: For more podcasts from I Heart Radio, visit the iHeart 76 00:05:44,120 --> 00:05:46,560 Speaker 1: Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your 77 00:05:46,560 --> 00:05:47,240 Speaker 1: favorite shows.