WEBVTT - Fallout Shelters: Probably Useless (Let’s Never Find Out) 0:00:01.120 --> 0:00:03.520 Welcome to Stuff you Should Know, a production of five 0:00:03.600 --> 0:00:12.760 Heart Radios How Stuff Works. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. 0:00:12.960 --> 0:00:19.400 I'm Josh Bluie Clark. There's Charles W. Bam Bam Bryant 0:00:20.040 --> 0:00:24.680 and Jerry Radioactive Rolling. Oh boy, and this is stuff 0:00:24.720 --> 0:00:29.480 you should know. You still got it after all these years, 0:00:30.000 --> 0:00:33.680 you still got it. Yep. Hey, I think before we 0:00:33.680 --> 0:00:36.520 get going, we should talk very briefly about our audiobook. 0:00:37.280 --> 0:00:40.800 Oh yeah, because this week, in real time, we are 0:00:41.479 --> 0:00:45.239 each recording our respective parts for the audio book. And 0:00:45.280 --> 0:00:46.920 first of all, we just want to tell everyone there's 0:00:46.920 --> 0:00:51.520 going to be an audiobook version. Yeah, spoiler of Stuff 0:00:51.560 --> 0:00:55.760 you should know, colon and mostly incomplete guide two very 0:00:55.800 --> 0:01:02.720 interesting things man still an income compendium of mostly interesting things. 0:01:03.240 --> 0:01:05.680 Uh yeah, so we're we're trying to push that out 0:01:05.720 --> 0:01:08.920 as uh, you know, get both, is what I say. 0:01:09.000 --> 0:01:11.520 But if you're into audio books, we're doing one. But 0:01:11.680 --> 0:01:13.640 also I just want to make sure people know what 0:01:13.640 --> 0:01:16.520 they're getting. And I put this on the Stuff you 0:01:16.520 --> 0:01:19.360 Should Know Army page. They're not getting twenty seven new 0:01:19.400 --> 0:01:24.080 podcast episodes, no, and they should know that because our 0:01:24.120 --> 0:01:29.200 podcast is unscripted conversation. An audiobook is us reading an 0:01:29.200 --> 0:01:34.720 audiobook and rather than just weirdly trading lines reading from 0:01:34.720 --> 0:01:37.080 a script, which would I think that would dash a 0:01:37.080 --> 0:01:41.240 lot of people's image of of what we do. We 0:01:41.360 --> 0:01:43.920 are each reading chapters and I think they're gonna mix 0:01:43.959 --> 0:01:47.040 in some stuff here and there. But um, yeah, I 0:01:47.040 --> 0:01:49.960 mean it's gonna be great and fun. But it's not 0:01:50.240 --> 0:01:52.720 podcast episodes. We don't get to just fart around and 0:01:52.760 --> 0:01:54.920 make jokes like we gotta read our books we have. 0:01:55.080 --> 0:01:57.880 Oh man, we will be kept in line. If we 0:01:58.000 --> 0:01:59.760 try to fart around and make jokes, it would not 0:01:59.800 --> 0:02:03.920 be good. There's this whole time as money etho, yelling, 0:02:04.080 --> 0:02:07.840 sometimes crying. It's a real stressful situation. Everybody, How did 0:02:07.840 --> 0:02:09.720 you had that go for yesterday? Did you enjoy yourself? 0:02:09.960 --> 0:02:11.959 I just told you there's a lot of yelling and crying. 0:02:12.000 --> 0:02:14.400 It was very stressful. Yeah, it was fun. It was. 0:02:14.400 --> 0:02:16.520 It reminded me a lot of recording um The End 0:02:16.520 --> 0:02:18.520 of the World, because you know, I wrote those and 0:02:18.560 --> 0:02:21.600 then I read them, So it was very similar to that, 0:02:21.680 --> 0:02:25.840 except um a lot less heavy. Yeah. I was slightly 0:02:25.919 --> 0:02:28.960 nervous at first for some reason after talking for twelve years, 0:02:28.960 --> 0:02:32.840 probably just because you weren't there, But then it was like, uh, 0:02:32.919 --> 0:02:35.160 you know it was it was fine. Did Fleet the 0:02:35.200 --> 0:02:37.880 director calm you make you feel better? Yeah? I mean, 0:02:37.919 --> 0:02:39.520 you know, I got I got in my group. I 0:02:39.560 --> 0:02:41.960 felt pretty pretty comfy by the end of it. Yeah, So, 0:02:42.160 --> 0:02:44.400 I mean it has it is fun. It's definitely a 0:02:44.440 --> 0:02:47.160 lot of extra work this week, but it's kind of cool. 0:02:47.200 --> 0:02:48.960 You know, at the end, we're gonna have a bona 0:02:49.000 --> 0:02:52.160 fide audio book. That's right in, a bonafide book that 0:02:52.200 --> 0:02:54.880 you can pre order now. And uh, we're also working 0:02:54.919 --> 0:02:58.799 on getting that pre order gift available to the UK 0:02:59.000 --> 0:03:01.359 and Australia and other parts of the world because we 0:03:01.440 --> 0:03:03.720 have different publishers there. It's not like we were trying 0:03:03.760 --> 0:03:07.000 to exclude everyone, no, no, but we are moving heaven 0:03:07.160 --> 0:03:09.200 Earth to get it done. And yeah, if you're in 0:03:09.240 --> 0:03:11.520 the US and Canada and your pre order, if you 0:03:11.560 --> 0:03:13.960 haven't gotten your poster yet, worry not. You're going to 0:03:14.000 --> 0:03:18.200 get your pre order gift eventually. That's right. Wow. So 0:03:18.480 --> 0:03:22.520 um for the fifteen seventeen people who stuck around prepared 0:03:22.600 --> 0:03:26.760 to learn about fallout shelters, because that's ultimately what we're 0:03:26.800 --> 0:03:30.080 here to talk about today, that's right. Actually, before that, 0:03:30.120 --> 0:03:32.920 I have to say one more thing, O, God, I 0:03:33.040 --> 0:03:36.120 posted that squirrel attack video on my Instagram, you know 0:03:36.160 --> 0:03:39.120 that we talked about on the episode because people kept 0:03:39.160 --> 0:03:42.160 asking and so I put it up. I'm at Chuck 0:03:42.200 --> 0:03:44.720 the podcaster. If you want to see a squirrel go 0:03:44.880 --> 0:03:48.000 berserk and literally fly through the air and hit me 0:03:48.040 --> 0:03:51.120 in the leg, then you can. You can see that. 0:03:51.200 --> 0:03:54.120 And it's been like fifteen thousand times. Now, one of 0:03:54.160 --> 0:03:57.080 these days, I hope you'll infest up to what you 0:03:57.120 --> 0:03:59.440 did to provoke that squirrel. I mean, the whole thing 0:03:59.480 --> 0:04:02.280 is there. You see me exit my house, so yeah, 0:04:02.280 --> 0:04:04.640 but I mean we didn't know like what happened half 0:04:04.680 --> 0:04:07.480 hour before. You know, that had been ongoing for the 0:04:07.520 --> 0:04:13.560 last week. That's so now I think we're going to 0:04:13.600 --> 0:04:18.480 talk about fallout shelters because Chuck Um, your house has 0:04:18.520 --> 0:04:22.919 a basement, but it's exposed on one side to the outdoors. 0:04:22.920 --> 0:04:24.880 It's not an in ground basement as far as I know, 0:04:24.960 --> 0:04:27.839 and hopefully I'm not divulging too much information about your house, 0:04:27.839 --> 0:04:29.840 so so weird fans will be able to find it 0:04:29.880 --> 0:04:33.400 and show up. Well, actually, you know, one side of 0:04:33.440 --> 0:04:37.040 it is exposed to the world, but the other side 0:04:37.240 --> 0:04:40.599 is you know, ten feet of earth and red clay, 0:04:40.680 --> 0:04:43.320 like it could have been a great fallout shelter had 0:04:43.320 --> 0:04:46.039 it not been for that one side. Sure, but there 0:04:46.040 --> 0:04:49.279 are things you could do or could have done. I 0:04:49.279 --> 0:04:52.039 think we should use past tents here, because the need 0:04:52.120 --> 0:04:54.400 for a fallout shelter, as far as the nuclear war 0:04:54.520 --> 0:04:59.480 goes vanishingly remote these days. I like to think, I 0:04:59.520 --> 0:05:03.840 don't think should getting any fear mongering. Um, but there 0:05:03.839 --> 0:05:05.839 are a few things you could have done or could 0:05:05.839 --> 0:05:09.040 do to build the follow up shelter with that. That 0:05:09.040 --> 0:05:12.280 that good side, I guess, and we're going to talk 0:05:12.320 --> 0:05:14.640 about that today. But mainly what we're talking about the 0:05:14.640 --> 0:05:18.560 followup shelters is almost kind of like this examination of 0:05:19.080 --> 0:05:24.040 the world psyche during the Cold War, to where as 0:05:24.120 --> 0:05:27.840 the nuclear arsenals of the Soviet Union in the United 0:05:27.880 --> 0:05:30.279 States started to build up in step with one another, 0:05:30.360 --> 0:05:33.239 and we were suddenly in a nuclear arms race where 0:05:33.320 --> 0:05:35.599 just ten years before there were no such thing as 0:05:35.720 --> 0:05:39.920 nuclear weapons, people started to realize like, oh man, if 0:05:39.960 --> 0:05:43.200 one of these goes off near me, I'm in big trouble. 0:05:43.400 --> 0:05:48.640 And they started looking around to the government to say, hey, um, 0:05:48.680 --> 0:05:50.800 what should I do? And at first the government was 0:05:50.839 --> 0:05:55.520 like you know, figure it out yourself. And then eventually 0:05:55.920 --> 0:05:58.360 the government kind of got a little more involved, and 0:05:58.960 --> 0:06:03.040 before you know it, we had a national fallout shelter program. 0:06:03.080 --> 0:06:06.560 As feeble and terrible as it was, at least we 0:06:06.600 --> 0:06:08.720 had one. Yeah. What's really funny is when you read 0:06:08.800 --> 0:06:11.279 up on this stuff and you learn that President Kennedy, 0:06:12.000 --> 0:06:15.240 uh John F. Kennedy, that is, asked Congress for a 0:06:15.320 --> 0:06:19.080 hundred million dollars to build public fallout shelters. That is 0:06:19.080 --> 0:06:22.280 such an adorable number. Now that would build like tin 0:06:22.360 --> 0:06:26.560 fallout shelters these days, maybe like that's maybe that's like 0:06:26.600 --> 0:06:28.680 the amount of money that would take to get like 0:06:28.720 --> 0:06:32.839 a motorcade to the cap right from the White House basically, 0:06:32.920 --> 0:06:36.360 you know. Yeah, but it was a real threat back then. Um, 0:06:36.400 --> 0:06:38.680 and I can't remember what episode it may have been, 0:06:40.000 --> 0:06:44.479 Uh nuclear radiation. Uh we did one on the disaster 0:06:44.560 --> 0:06:47.279 in Japan. Yeah, we've done a couple on this. But 0:06:47.920 --> 0:06:50.080 I know that I told the story of my father 0:06:51.320 --> 0:06:55.159 like having us sort of do of a fallout shelter 0:06:55.240 --> 0:06:57.479 when I was ten or twelve years old after the 0:06:57.520 --> 0:07:00.560 movie the day after aired on television, And yeah, I 0:07:00.640 --> 0:07:02.240 remember that. Yeah, I mean, you know, it was my 0:07:02.279 --> 0:07:05.200 brother and I taking out digging out buckets of dirt 0:07:05.240 --> 0:07:06.960 and carrying them out in the woods and dumping them 0:07:07.720 --> 0:07:10.160 for probably three or four weekends and then we stopped. 0:07:11.080 --> 0:07:14.880 So you guys were coverage if something happened, Yeah, I 0:07:14.920 --> 0:07:17.600 mean we could have. Yeah, it was pretty gross. So 0:07:17.800 --> 0:07:21.400 was it akin to this, um this this shelter that 0:07:21.440 --> 0:07:23.400 we were going to go over at the end? Was 0:07:23.440 --> 0:07:26.280 it like that? Well, I mean it eventually could have been, 0:07:27.000 --> 0:07:28.920 which is to say, a you know, kind of a 0:07:29.000 --> 0:07:35.320 concrete room underground surrounded by earth. Oh yeah, no, I'm 0:07:35.320 --> 0:07:37.240 saying like the kind where it's like you dig a 0:07:37.240 --> 0:07:41.640 trench and put some woodpoles. This is part of um 0:07:41.720 --> 0:07:44.480 my basement. Like my dad had a workshop and on 0:07:44.520 --> 0:07:47.280 the interior wall of the workshop he knocked down the 0:07:47.320 --> 0:07:50.840 cinder block wall and we just started digging, which I'm 0:07:50.840 --> 0:07:54.760 safe to the foundation of the house, right, He's like, yeah, 0:07:54.840 --> 0:07:57.640 it's probably not low bearing. Yeah, exactly. But yeah. There 0:07:57.720 --> 0:07:59.800 was definitely a point in time, especially during the height 0:07:59.840 --> 0:08:01.400 of the Cold War, where it was like this is 0:08:01.640 --> 0:08:04.160 this is We're really in danger here. The world was 0:08:04.200 --> 0:08:07.160 just kind of walking around just twitching and shaking at 0:08:07.160 --> 0:08:09.760 the idea of this and part of the problem was 0:08:10.280 --> 0:08:14.280 not just the idea that um a bomb was going 0:08:14.320 --> 0:08:18.080 to go off and just blow cities apart, because apparently 0:08:18.440 --> 0:08:22.640 there was this UM one of the nuclear deterrent theories, 0:08:22.640 --> 0:08:25.840 the game theories that that people kind of operated under. 0:08:26.400 --> 0:08:29.080 UM said, no, you know what, if we ever engage 0:08:29.120 --> 0:08:32.880 in nuclear war, UM, we're just going to be attacking 0:08:32.920 --> 0:08:36.199 military installations side to side, and so we don't really 0:08:36.240 --> 0:08:38.240 have to worry about that for people in New York 0:08:38.360 --> 0:08:41.320 or d C. Or you know, Atlanta, wherever, any of 0:08:41.320 --> 0:08:43.880 the major metropolitan cities. We have to worry about those 0:08:43.880 --> 0:08:47.360 cities getting leveled. But there's gonna be a huge problem 0:08:47.440 --> 0:08:49.640 for the people living there because there's such a thing 0:08:49.640 --> 0:08:52.840 as radioactive fallout. It's not just the bomb that gets you, 0:08:53.160 --> 0:08:56.640 it's the fallout afterward. Yeah, I mean, if you're talking 0:08:56.679 --> 0:09:00.319 about a nuclear bomb, a nuclear warhead, uh to pends 0:09:00.360 --> 0:09:03.640 on what kind um. You know, back then it was, 0:09:03.720 --> 0:09:05.880 it was different than it is now. But let's say 0:09:05.880 --> 0:09:10.160 a one megaton h bomb back in the day would 0:09:10.320 --> 0:09:14.040 completely wipe out everything within about two miles from where 0:09:14.080 --> 0:09:16.440 I hit. Yeah, and I know I said, we weren't 0:09:16.480 --> 0:09:18.440 in a fearmonger Chuck but I found out that there 0:09:18.520 --> 0:09:20.440 is a bomb in the U s Arsenal called the 0:09:20.440 --> 0:09:23.800 B A D three which is one point to megatunts 0:09:23.840 --> 0:09:25.760 and it can be carried around very easily by the 0:09:25.800 --> 0:09:30.000 B two bomber. So those exists. Uh so two miles 0:09:30.040 --> 0:09:32.920 everything is gone. Um and this is from the blast 0:09:33.440 --> 0:09:36.560 and a person if you're like five miles away from 0:09:36.559 --> 0:09:39.080 that bomb site, you're gonna get hit with third degree 0:09:39.120 --> 0:09:42.480 burns just from that blast. Yeah, you're gonna be hate 0:09:42.520 --> 0:09:45.160 in life. Um. So the blast is going to be 0:09:45.200 --> 0:09:47.599 bad enough. And and again yet just for from for 0:09:47.720 --> 0:09:52.319 people miles away could be burned to death, um, incinerated, vaporized, 0:09:52.920 --> 0:09:55.680 just all sorts of terrible stuff. But if you're living 0:09:55.720 --> 0:09:59.720 outside of that blast zone, you've got problems in the 0:10:00.040 --> 0:10:03.120 radioactivity that's going to to be generated by it. Because 0:10:03.240 --> 0:10:06.160 when those bombs explode, they release a lot of radioactive 0:10:06.160 --> 0:10:09.599 particles of different varieties, and those things go up in 0:10:09.640 --> 0:10:12.600 the air and they get kind of carried around and 0:10:12.600 --> 0:10:14.320 stirred up in the atmosphere, but a lot of them 0:10:14.320 --> 0:10:17.880 are heavy enough that they come back down and basically 0:10:17.920 --> 0:10:22.600 around the area in a larger area around the bomb's epicenter. Yeah, 0:10:22.640 --> 0:10:25.079 and we should probably just go over some of these 0:10:25.679 --> 0:10:29.600 different types of radiation. Some of it you might recognize 0:10:29.640 --> 0:10:33.840 from various incredible Hulk comic books. But you've got your 0:10:33.880 --> 0:10:37.800 alpha particles, your beta particles, you've got gamma raise, you've 0:10:37.800 --> 0:10:40.880 got neutrons. The gamma rais is what got Hulk, right, 0:10:41.000 --> 0:10:43.920 I think so? Right, Yeah, I'm pretty sure because gamma 0:10:43.960 --> 0:10:47.040 rays are green and Hulk was green. That's right. I 0:10:47.120 --> 0:10:49.480 think that's it. And the other sweet sweet purple pants 0:10:49.520 --> 0:10:53.760 that somehow still fit. So the alpha and beta particles, 0:10:54.760 --> 0:10:58.240 they are not great, but they are easily stopped. It's 0:10:58.280 --> 0:11:01.800 probably the best way to say it. Yeah, So here's 0:11:01.840 --> 0:11:05.120 the thing, Like every everything I tried to read about 0:11:05.160 --> 0:11:07.439 this is like they would go to great links to 0:11:07.480 --> 0:11:09.839 be like, well, this one isn't isn't like that much 0:11:09.840 --> 0:11:11.520 of a problem. This one's way worse, And then finally 0:11:11.559 --> 0:11:13.720 they throw up their hands and be like, actually, all 0:11:13.760 --> 0:11:15.840 of this is just gonna be one big giant cluster 0:11:16.200 --> 0:11:19.760 because depending on the different type of radioactive particle um, 0:11:20.480 --> 0:11:24.000 there's different situations where they're way worse than the other one. 0:11:24.240 --> 0:11:26.839 Like a gamma ray is really bad because it can 0:11:26.880 --> 0:11:30.640 go clear through several inches of lead right into you 0:11:30.880 --> 0:11:33.160 on the other side of the lead through your body, 0:11:33.400 --> 0:11:35.720 and then everything it comes in contact with, say all 0:11:35.760 --> 0:11:37.840 of your cells and tissues and bones and all that stuff. 0:11:38.080 --> 0:11:41.280 It really screws them up genetically, and you can develop 0:11:41.360 --> 0:11:44.360 cancer and radiation sickness and all that. That's pretty bad. 0:11:44.880 --> 0:11:47.840 But then you've got alpha particles where they can be 0:11:47.880 --> 0:11:49.880 stopped by a piece of paper. They can't even make 0:11:49.880 --> 0:11:52.880 it through your skin, but they could get all over 0:11:53.000 --> 0:11:56.120 like crops in the water, and we drink them and 0:11:56.200 --> 0:11:58.800 eat them, and then they cause all sorts of sorts 0:11:58.800 --> 0:12:01.880 of problems inside of too. So there's really no good 0:12:02.600 --> 0:12:05.640 radioactive particle as far as a fallout from a nuclear 0:12:05.679 --> 0:12:09.400 bomb is concerned. Yeah, not at all. Because so don't 0:12:09.520 --> 0:12:10.960 you know if you read up on this stuff and 0:12:10.960 --> 0:12:12.440 it said, oh, a piece of paper, a little bit 0:12:12.440 --> 0:12:16.839 of plastic, you can stop beta particles and alpha particles. 0:12:17.280 --> 0:12:19.640 Just think about the area breathing, the water you're drinking, 0:12:19.760 --> 0:12:24.120 the the maze you're growing. Sure, if you want to 0:12:24.120 --> 0:12:27.600 get traditional, it's all very dangerous. Yeah, don't just be like, oh, 0:12:27.679 --> 0:12:30.200 let's make a paper suit out of newspapers and maybe 0:12:30.200 --> 0:12:32.559 a little paper tried corner and hat out of newspapers. 0:12:32.559 --> 0:12:35.360 I'll be fine. But like you said, when this bomb hits, 0:12:35.400 --> 0:12:39.560 that mushroom cloud goes up. Everything's all mixed together and 0:12:40.120 --> 0:12:43.200 as the wind blows these little uh. I think John 0:12:43.240 --> 0:12:45.520 Fuller old pal wrote this one a long time ago, 0:12:45.640 --> 0:12:49.040 right for how stuff works. But he said there are 0:12:49.040 --> 0:12:51.800 lots of little there. They act like little tiny missiles 0:12:51.840 --> 0:12:55.400 basically that are just going off all over the place. Yeah. 0:12:55.640 --> 0:12:59.160 That was the neutrons, right, I yeah, I think the 0:12:59.200 --> 0:13:02.280 neutrons specific he called the missiles, but they kind of 0:13:02.320 --> 0:13:05.400 all are. Yeah, they are there. They're super high energy 0:13:05.520 --> 0:13:08.439 and gamma rays um. Like I said, they can pass 0:13:08.520 --> 0:13:12.319 right through you. Neutrons are a problem in the relative 0:13:12.840 --> 0:13:16.080 immediate blast area because they're very heavy, so they don't 0:13:16.120 --> 0:13:18.160 go nearly as far as they like gamma rays or 0:13:18.280 --> 0:13:22.040 X rays or alpha particles or beta particles. But they 0:13:22.160 --> 0:13:26.720 all do damage in their own unique, special snowflake way. Yeah. 0:13:26.760 --> 0:13:28.960 And it's also I mean, this stuff is being carried 0:13:29.000 --> 0:13:32.640 around by um the wind, but the actual particles that 0:13:32.679 --> 0:13:36.400 you're seeing is is actually Earth that is now enriched 0:13:36.440 --> 0:13:39.400 with this stuff that is poofed up from that crater 0:13:39.600 --> 0:13:42.360 where Earth Earth used to be. I guess right, and 0:13:42.440 --> 0:13:45.520 so knowing all this like this was this is like 0:13:45.640 --> 0:13:48.839 why people started to be like, oh, okay, maybe we 0:13:48.880 --> 0:13:52.240 should start building fallout shelters to to live in or 0:13:52.280 --> 0:13:56.120 inhabit for you know, the immediate period after this this 0:13:56.240 --> 0:13:59.440 nuclear attack, UM, to give us a chance to survive 0:14:00.040 --> 0:14:02.240 and hopefully, you know, make it a few weeks, and 0:14:02.320 --> 0:14:05.280 then things will have died down, everybody has forgotten about 0:14:05.320 --> 0:14:08.120 the whole nuclear holocaust, and we can come back out 0:14:08.160 --> 0:14:11.960 and restart civilization. That was the really, honestly, if you 0:14:12.000 --> 0:14:15.959 get down to it, um, the thinking behind fallout shelters 0:14:16.040 --> 0:14:19.040 in the United States and the sixties and late fifties. 0:14:19.520 --> 0:14:20.920 All right, should we take a break there and then 0:14:21.000 --> 0:14:24.720 talk about these things? I think so some more. Yeah, 0:14:24.960 --> 0:14:49.560 all right, we'll be right back everyone, So chuck, I think, um, 0:14:49.560 --> 0:14:52.600 since we've got one act under our belt, we need 0:14:52.640 --> 0:14:55.080 to start the second act by telling everybody they can 0:14:55.120 --> 0:14:59.880 preorder our book. Hey, I took some vitamins. You know, 0:15:00.000 --> 0:15:02.960 I've been taking vitamins as much as I can, and 0:15:03.000 --> 0:15:05.600 I've got this multi vitamin you know, like the worst 0:15:05.680 --> 0:15:09.640 of vitamin can taste. I've got that horrible vitamin taste 0:15:09.720 --> 0:15:11.600 just stuck in the back of my throat because it 0:15:11.880 --> 0:15:15.200 got stuck there for half of a millisecond before it 0:15:15.280 --> 0:15:19.479 washed down, and it's just left this terrible taste of 0:15:19.560 --> 0:15:24.600 vitamin coding back there. It's driving me batty. How how 0:15:24.720 --> 0:15:28.400 is your health with the vitamins? Can you tell a difference? No? None? 0:15:28.800 --> 0:15:31.640 How's your pa? How's your urine? It's bright yellow? Which 0:15:31.680 --> 0:15:34.040 makes me just feel like such a chump, especially after 0:15:34.120 --> 0:15:36.760 our our vitamin supplement episode. Right, didn't we say like 0:15:36.800 --> 0:15:40.000 we pee most of it out? Yeah, there's good ones 0:15:40.080 --> 0:15:41.920 for sure, and I like the thing I'm taking go ones, 0:15:42.000 --> 0:15:44.560 but I just know that there's no telling right now. 0:15:44.640 --> 0:15:49.600 You're like, I'm using injectables now, pretty much snortable vitamins. 0:15:50.040 --> 0:15:53.840 So fallout shelters. Uh, it's funny here and and I'm 0:15:53.840 --> 0:15:55.600 glad John put it this way because it really makes 0:15:55.600 --> 0:15:58.360 a lot of sense. If you think about an SPF 0:15:58.400 --> 0:16:01.840 for sunscreen, it's a aim exact way with a fallout shelter. 0:16:01.960 --> 0:16:05.920 You have a PF, a protection factor, and that is 0:16:06.000 --> 0:16:10.120 just very simply a representative of UM being nfl out 0:16:10.120 --> 0:16:13.600 shelter or just being out in the open. And FEMA 0:16:13.640 --> 0:16:18.120 put out a pamphlet called standards for fallout shelters, and 0:16:18.240 --> 0:16:22.240 they said you need a PF of forty at least, yeah, 0:16:22.360 --> 0:16:24.080 if you want to, you know, and that that puts 0:16:24.120 --> 0:16:27.920 you down to about two point five of the radiation. 0:16:28.000 --> 0:16:30.120 Which I heard that number and I thought that was 0:16:30.400 --> 0:16:34.240 too much. Yeah, no, I think, um, what you're really 0:16:34.240 --> 0:16:37.120 shooting for is something like three hundred that kind of thing. 0:16:37.680 --> 0:16:40.000 Um that and they're saying like a minimum of forty 0:16:40.080 --> 0:16:42.000 or else, just you might as well just go lay 0:16:42.000 --> 0:16:45.200 out in the in the radioactivity for all the protection 0:16:45.200 --> 0:16:47.480 you're gonna get. Another way to look at that PF 0:16:47.560 --> 0:16:50.960 numbers that it's the denominator and the fraction of the 0:16:51.040 --> 0:16:54.640 radioactive exposure that you get compared to being outside of 0:16:54.680 --> 0:16:57.200 the shelter. So a PF of forty would mean that 0:16:57.280 --> 0:17:00.680 you get on. I'm more of a action guy than 0:17:01.480 --> 0:17:05.240 a decimal dude. Oh yeah, how about two? You you 0:17:05.320 --> 0:17:08.600 like decimals are fractions more? I don't like either one. 0:17:08.680 --> 0:17:11.760 But I think for our next live show in two 0:17:12.520 --> 0:17:15.040 you should wear a shirt that says fraction guy, and 0:17:15.080 --> 0:17:17.600 I'll have one that says decimal dude, and that'll just 0:17:17.640 --> 0:17:19.800 be our new tour outfit. Fair enough, and you can 0:17:19.840 --> 0:17:22.720 have yours printed on a button down shirt. Of course. Okay, 0:17:22.880 --> 0:17:26.160 that's yeah, because nothing looks better than good silk screening 0:17:26.160 --> 0:17:29.680 on a button down Oxford. Maybe by the time we 0:17:29.720 --> 0:17:32.720 go on tour again, this horrible vitamin taste will be 0:17:32.760 --> 0:17:37.760 out of my mouth. Maybe. So so with fallout shelters, 0:17:37.760 --> 0:17:40.720 there's a couple of kinds. Um if you're going back 0:17:40.760 --> 0:17:43.719 to the nineteen sixties that people were talking about, and 0:17:43.760 --> 0:17:46.680 that is the public one and then the private one 0:17:46.840 --> 0:17:49.360 that you just build at your house like we kind 0:17:49.359 --> 0:17:51.919 of didn't do. Um, I went down a bit of 0:17:51.920 --> 0:17:54.760 a rabbit hole. It's and this is be right up 0:17:54.800 --> 0:17:57.320 your alley. You probably did. This rabbit hole is pretty safe. 0:17:57.359 --> 0:18:00.720 I bet yeah, depends on how deep I guess. But 0:18:02.200 --> 0:18:06.440 if you start googling sixties fallout shelters, oh and I did. 0:18:06.600 --> 0:18:12.200 Oh boy, it's just a treasure trove of articles and pictures. Um. 0:18:12.320 --> 0:18:15.520 I saw one that these people in Woodland Hills, a 0:18:15.560 --> 0:18:18.520 suburb of l A bought or part of Greater Los Angeles, 0:18:19.000 --> 0:18:22.240 bought a house not too long ago, a few years ago, 0:18:22.359 --> 0:18:25.040 and they found a did you see this one? No? 0:18:25.240 --> 0:18:27.640 I saw some of Milwaukee this. Oh well, I saw 0:18:27.680 --> 0:18:30.520 the Milwaukee Article two. That was great. But they found 0:18:30.560 --> 0:18:35.240 a fifteen foot down under the earth fallout shelter that 0:18:35.400 --> 0:18:39.080 was fully stopped, like it was like a time capsule 0:18:39.080 --> 0:18:43.399 from and Brendan Fraser and Christopher Walkin. We're living in it. 0:18:45.160 --> 0:18:47.000 I can't remember who the mom was. Do you remember 0:18:47.280 --> 0:18:51.320 I didn't see that? You didn't know? It was cute movie? Yeah? 0:18:51.520 --> 0:18:54.800 Is that in cine? No? Man, no, no, no, this 0:18:54.840 --> 0:18:58.879 was blast from the past. Man was great too because 0:18:58.880 --> 0:19:03.040 the weasels in it? Oh was he? Yeah, Pauly Shure, Yeah, 0:19:03.080 --> 0:19:05.680 I knew it. That is, I just didn't Polly Shore, 0:19:05.800 --> 0:19:12.440 Seawan Austin and Brendan, Sean Auston whatever. That guys rich enough, 0:19:12.480 --> 0:19:14.160 he doesn't care what I say. So I was looking 0:19:14.200 --> 0:19:17.479 at all these nineteen sixty one period products and just 0:19:17.720 --> 0:19:20.560 like getting tingly feelings in my body because they were 0:19:20.560 --> 0:19:23.280 perfectly preserved for the most part, like faded and stuff. 0:19:23.840 --> 0:19:26.560 But there was a can like a coffee can, but 0:19:26.600 --> 0:19:31.720 it said multipurpose food Meals for Millions, and so I 0:19:31.760 --> 0:19:33.399 was like, I gotta find out what this is. And 0:19:33.480 --> 0:19:36.840 it turns out that Meals for Millions was a nonprofit 0:19:36.880 --> 0:19:41.800 from way back then. That is now UM International. Now 0:19:41.960 --> 0:19:45.480 now it's it's it's it's transformed into another name. These days, 0:19:46.200 --> 0:19:48.840 I think Freedom from Hunger is the new name. But 0:19:48.960 --> 0:19:52.760 these two guys, Clifford Clinton and Dr Henry Borsuk, took 0:19:52.760 --> 0:19:56.760 on this task of Borsok was a biochemist at cal Tech, 0:19:57.400 --> 0:19:59.840 and they took on this project of trying to find 0:19:59.840 --> 0:20:05.240 the best food to feed, like the cheapest, absolute, most 0:20:05.240 --> 0:20:07.920 bare bones thing you could put in a package to 0:20:08.000 --> 0:20:11.400 feed the hungry. And that's what they came up with, 0:20:12.040 --> 0:20:15.200 was this stuff in a can and it is uh 0:20:15.520 --> 0:20:24.400 sixty defadded soy grits plus dehydrated potatoes, cabbage, tomatoes, onions, leaks, parsley, 0:20:24.400 --> 0:20:28.640 and spices, fortified with vitamins and minerals and it comes 0:20:28.640 --> 0:20:30.800 in a can and you boil it up and eat it. 0:20:31.280 --> 0:20:34.520 And it was something like two cents per serving. And 0:20:34.560 --> 0:20:37.040 it was a really ingenious idea. But this became I think, 0:20:37.080 --> 0:20:39.800 kind of a popular thing for fallout shelters because you 0:20:39.840 --> 0:20:42.199 could just stop cans and cans of this, like the 0:20:42.240 --> 0:20:45.800 most bare bones, caloric sort of healthy thing you could 0:20:45.800 --> 0:20:49.040 get meals for millions. That's pretty great. I did not 0:20:49.160 --> 0:20:51.159 expect it to actually be as healthy as what you 0:20:51.280 --> 0:20:53.920 just listed listed off. Yeah, I would love to taste 0:20:53.920 --> 0:20:57.840 some of it. Multi purpose of wood hills, I know, 0:20:58.800 --> 0:21:01.200 just call it food, what do you multi purpose food? 0:21:01.240 --> 0:21:04.720 Is that like a palmaide as well? Maybe One of 0:21:05.240 --> 0:21:09.280 a food that I ran across um that was pretty popular, 0:21:09.400 --> 0:21:13.919 especially among government funded fallout shelters, was this kind of 0:21:13.960 --> 0:21:18.399 like wheat cracker that was made from vulgar wheat, and 0:21:18.440 --> 0:21:22.679 apparently they were inspired by some crackers that were found 0:21:22.680 --> 0:21:26.160 in Egyptian tombs that were still edible after a couple 0:21:26.200 --> 0:21:27.919 of thousand years. So they're like, oh, that would be 0:21:27.920 --> 0:21:33.320 perfect for fallout shelters, so they kind of recreated those taste. Yeah, 0:21:33.400 --> 0:21:37.359 multi purpose. Apparently you could shave with them too, you 0:21:37.480 --> 0:21:41.400 might good. The Milwaukee article was pretty cool though, Um. 0:21:41.480 --> 0:21:43.800 I think that it said that, um, at the time, 0:21:43.840 --> 0:21:46.720 they were like three thousand plus personal shelters in the 0:21:46.760 --> 0:21:49.439 city of Milwaukee alone. Yeah. The thing is is, like, 0:21:49.840 --> 0:21:53.000 that's that's probably a pretty good number. The thing is, 0:21:53.040 --> 0:21:57.720 there's no official numbers for the fallout shelters that were 0:21:57.760 --> 0:22:01.800 built around the Cold War because there were a lot 0:22:01.840 --> 0:22:05.280 of public or private ones. But there's also public ones too, 0:22:05.359 --> 0:22:08.000 So let's keep talking about the private ones first, because 0:22:08.280 --> 0:22:11.119 if we're gonna follow the historical timeline, which I'm in 0:22:11.200 --> 0:22:15.359 favor of, UM around I think the late nineteen fifties, 0:22:15.359 --> 0:22:19.080 I think it was nineteen fifty seven in the Eisenhower administration, 0:22:19.400 --> 0:22:21.760 there was a report that's now called the Gaither Report, 0:22:22.240 --> 0:22:26.200 and it basically said, um, here's everything we figured out 0:22:26.240 --> 0:22:31.240 about a nuclear war. Um, the cities are toasts. People 0:22:31.280 --> 0:22:34.000 are going to die on mass we have no place 0:22:34.080 --> 0:22:37.000 to put them, for them to shelter in. And everybody's 0:22:37.040 --> 0:22:39.560