WEBVTT - Brain Science 0:00:00.080 --> 0:00:15.040 Oh Gromberg podcast. Hey listeners, Yeah, you guys, the good guys. 0:00:16.079 --> 0:00:19.239 Whether you're sitting in a palace or a hut or 0:00:19.280 --> 0:00:23.880 a spaceship, I'm talking to you asking the questions that 0:00:24.120 --> 0:00:27.840 you've been afraid to ask, the real tricky stuff like 0:00:28.480 --> 0:00:31.560 why do tears fall when I watched Terms of Endearment? 0:00:32.320 --> 0:00:34.879 Why do I giggle when I'm tickled by the feathers 0:00:34.920 --> 0:00:38.919 of my exotic birds? Why does laughter come when I 0:00:38.960 --> 0:00:44.200 watched Carolina fall down steps four years ago? But Carolina, 0:00:44.280 --> 0:00:48.720 we laughed so hard in front of you. But also 0:00:48.800 --> 0:00:51.440 after you left, there were some great imitations in the 0:00:51.520 --> 0:00:53.760 office of what you look like. I actually got a 0:00:53.760 --> 0:00:57.000 concussion and I actually had questions like why do I 0:00:57.040 --> 0:01:00.880 forget my nightmares? Why do I remember what my granny 0:01:00.960 --> 0:01:04.840 had inside her blue robe? What did your granny have 0:01:04.880 --> 0:01:08.680 inside her blue robe? Tits in a butt? She flashed 0:01:08.680 --> 0:01:12.120 me by accident. It was a long time ago, by accident. 0:01:12.240 --> 0:01:14.760 What happened, Well, I was a young kid. I was 0:01:14.800 --> 0:01:17.640 just taking the trash out and she was grabbing the mail, 0:01:17.680 --> 0:01:21.840 and she looked at me, slowly opened her robe and 0:01:21.880 --> 0:01:25.119 then shut it and went inside that I don't think 0:01:25.120 --> 0:01:27.640 that was by accident then sounds like she just flashed you. 0:01:28.520 --> 0:01:31.920 Mm hmm. Well let's add that to my list of questions. 0:01:32.840 --> 0:01:37.360 Why did my grandmother flash me? Why are people color blind? 0:01:38.280 --> 0:01:41.520 Why does Baxter have night tares? So I'm sorry, who 0:01:41.520 --> 0:01:43.760 are these questions for? Because there's a lot of them. 0:01:43.840 --> 0:01:47.040 I've got another question? Why does it take Carolina so 0:01:47.120 --> 0:01:51.880 long to get the point? Today we're talking to a 0:01:52.040 --> 0:01:56.080 real life brain scientist to get all those answers, and 0:01:56.120 --> 0:01:59.360 then some we'll learn the inner workings of the mind, 0:02:00.080 --> 0:02:05.000 that dark, cavernous space we rarely go. We use our 0:02:05.040 --> 0:02:07.880 minds to think, but we never use our minds to 0:02:08.040 --> 0:02:12.160 think about our minds. I don't know. Isn't that what 0:02:12.320 --> 0:02:15.720 therapy is or self help books are for. I think 0:02:15.760 --> 0:02:18.560 we actually do think about the inner workings of our minds, 0:02:18.639 --> 0:02:21.359 and I think we don't. And it is my show. 0:02:22.120 --> 0:02:26.040 You know that phrase, it's not brain science, Well this 0:02:26.320 --> 0:02:33.400 is brain science, actually the phrases. It's not rocket science. Carolina. 0:02:33.480 --> 0:02:36.960 Can I talk to you for a second over here? Yeah? Sure, okay, 0:02:36.960 --> 0:02:43.600 thank you. What is your deal, lady? I'm just trying 0:02:43.639 --> 0:02:45.920 to make sure what you're saying is accurate and coming 0:02:46.000 --> 0:02:49.280 off as a real you know what, Ron, I'm sorry. 0:02:49.440 --> 0:02:53.760 It's just that you're sorry. Yes, can we just make 0:02:53.800 --> 0:02:56.360 a pact that for the rest of the day, whatever 0:02:56.400 --> 0:03:01.440 I say, Okay, whatever you think of it, whatever your 0:03:01.520 --> 0:03:03.440 judgment is going to be, you just agree with me 0:03:03.480 --> 0:03:05.560 a right, even if you think, oh, it's so dumb, 0:03:05.720 --> 0:03:09.160 run or it's so weird, or oh look, I have 0:03:09.240 --> 0:03:11.560 a bookshelf and I know how to use a compass 0:03:12.000 --> 0:03:15.360 um and if I done, is this gonna affect my salary? 0:03:15.880 --> 0:03:20.840 It absolutely will affect yourself. Great, okay, okay, fine, just 0:03:21.040 --> 0:03:24.240 go with the flow. All right, I'll just agree today. 0:03:24.400 --> 0:03:27.480 What's the name of the podcast? But then bury podcast 0:03:27.560 --> 0:03:31.400 it's not called the Carolina Podcast. Is no need because 0:03:31.919 --> 0:03:35.840 it's my podcast, and just support me. I want to 0:03:35.880 --> 0:03:43.280 feel supported. You're supported. I'm gonn support Okay to our listeners. 0:03:43.280 --> 0:03:47.320 Sorry for the pause. Carolina and I had a meeting 0:03:47.960 --> 0:03:54.560 about accounting. Yeah, just a quick meaning to discuss some disagreements. 0:03:55.400 --> 0:03:59.520 Today we're sitting down with a brain scientist, Dr Milstein. 0:04:00.200 --> 0:04:04.080 He's smarter than almost all of us. I promise there 0:04:04.120 --> 0:04:06.839 is a strong chance that if you're listening to this, 0:04:07.680 --> 0:04:10.840 he's smarter than you. And if that pisces. You off, 0:04:11.320 --> 0:04:14.480 I get it made me a little angry just thinking 0:04:14.480 --> 0:04:18.440 about it. I mean, he's not smarter than me. God, 0:04:18.480 --> 0:04:22.479 I'm getting angry again. All right, Ron, try to be 0:04:22.520 --> 0:04:26.120 a professional, you know what. Nick cut to commercial. I've 0:04:26.160 --> 0:04:39.280 got to go scream this out and we're back. You're 0:04:39.279 --> 0:04:43.039 listening to the Ron Burgundy podcast. And I'm on a 0:04:43.080 --> 0:04:47.760 mood stabilizer. So I feel much better. Um here we 0:04:47.839 --> 0:04:51.680 are with a real life brainiac in the studio. Dr Milstein, 0:04:52.200 --> 0:04:56.159 the brain scientist. He knows what's inside your brain. Pretty 0:04:56.160 --> 0:04:59.240 crazy stuff. How are you, Dr Millhouse, I'm doing good. 0:04:59.279 --> 0:05:01.599 It's actually el Stein, but thank you, thanks for having me. 0:05:02.360 --> 0:05:07.599 You know what I wrote that incorrectly? Doctor? What exactly 0:05:07.760 --> 0:05:11.720 is your official title? So I am a scientist, and 0:05:11.800 --> 0:05:14.240 so what I do now is I take a lot 0:05:14.279 --> 0:05:17.600 of the latest cutting edge studies, things that are being discovered, 0:05:18.080 --> 0:05:20.160 and analyze them and try to get them out to 0:05:20.560 --> 0:05:23.400 doctors and people who want to know about how to 0:05:23.720 --> 0:05:26.400 live better, how to optimize their brain, keep it healthy. 0:05:26.520 --> 0:05:29.039 So you're not a physician, no, not a physician, scientist, 0:05:30.480 --> 0:05:34.920 but if like I had a heart attack right now, 0:05:34.960 --> 0:05:37.080 you could save You have some medical training, you could 0:05:37.080 --> 0:05:40.640 save my life. I would probably call nine and maybe 0:05:41.000 --> 0:05:45.599 attempts CPR. All right, have you ever taken a CPR class? 0:05:45.640 --> 0:05:49.200 I did? I did? Yes in college, Carolina. Have you yeah? 0:05:49.240 --> 0:05:54.240 You asked me too? Okay, good? Um, let me ask 0:05:54.279 --> 0:05:57.400 you this question. I know there's a lot of information 0:05:57.640 --> 0:06:02.400 on the amount of sleep we get, right, So why 0:06:02.440 --> 0:06:05.400 do I need fourteen hours of sleep every night? Is that? 0:06:05.480 --> 0:06:07.640 Do you get fourteen hours of sleep at least? At 0:06:07.720 --> 0:06:11.080 least that's a lot of sleep. That's uh, you might 0:06:11.080 --> 0:06:13.279 want to would you say that's a borderline too much? 0:06:13.400 --> 0:06:15.440 I would say that would be a concern. Oh, I 0:06:15.480 --> 0:06:17.839 thought I was doing great. Yet You'll always say I 0:06:17.880 --> 0:06:19.800 need to make sure I get my fourteen and I'll 0:06:19.839 --> 0:06:22.359 say I nailed it last night. I got sixteen and 0:06:22.400 --> 0:06:26.240 a half. So that's not that's not the way to go, right. 0:06:26.279 --> 0:06:29.279 So sleep is definitely very important for the brain, but 0:06:29.320 --> 0:06:32.200 we're looking at more the right amount as opposed to 0:06:32.200 --> 0:06:34.520 too much or too little. So fourteen would be you 0:06:34.640 --> 0:06:37.159 want to check in with your personal doctor. So during sleep, 0:06:37.240 --> 0:06:41.400 what does the brain do? It's recharging, regenerating, just literally resting. 0:06:41.880 --> 0:06:44.400 So it's it's actually amazing what we've learned is that 0:06:44.640 --> 0:06:47.040 it's not just resting, it's actually going through almost like 0:06:47.080 --> 0:06:50.280 a program, a sequence. And so one thing that's amazing 0:06:50.360 --> 0:06:53.120 is that when you're asleep, your brain actually shrinks down 0:06:53.600 --> 0:06:57.880 to about sixty its current size and squeezes out of 0:06:57.920 --> 0:07:02.200 the brain cells trash, talks, and waste, and it squeezes 0:07:02.200 --> 0:07:05.240 all that out into that empty space. And then where 0:07:05.240 --> 0:07:07.159 does that go? So then fluid comes up from your 0:07:07.160 --> 0:07:09.359 spinal cord and washes your brain. So every night you 0:07:09.360 --> 0:07:11.880 have a brainwash. So that's why it's so important to sleep. 0:07:11.880 --> 0:07:16.080 And then that waste in trash. This is true. I 0:07:16.680 --> 0:07:19.920 can show you a picture. This is yeah, this is 0:07:19.960 --> 0:07:23.280 this is cutting edge, just getting into the medical textbooks. 0:07:23.320 --> 0:07:27.880 So the brain shrinks, sprinks, dowwn. It sounds like a 0:07:27.880 --> 0:07:29.880 horror movie, but it's real. Is there any chance that 0:07:30.080 --> 0:07:32.760 when the brain expands back that it would go it 0:07:32.800 --> 0:07:36.360 would start to explode out of your head. Uh, that's 0:07:36.400 --> 0:07:39.440 not a concern. No, But but it's a it's a 0:07:39.520 --> 0:07:43.520 dynamic process. It's pulse eights and it squeezes out all 0:07:43.560 --> 0:07:46.160 that trash and toxins and waste out of curiosity, what 0:07:46.200 --> 0:07:48.440 if you have a spinal cord injury, would that affect 0:07:48.600 --> 0:07:51.200 the process? That's a great question. So that is a concern, 0:07:51.360 --> 0:07:53.600 is that anyone who has a spinal cord. Why was 0:07:53.640 --> 0:07:56.040 her question so great and mine wasn't so great? I 0:07:56.200 --> 0:07:57.560 should have said that you had That was a great 0:07:57.600 --> 0:08:02.040 question to go ahead, both great. Um, The concern can 0:08:02.120 --> 0:08:03.960 be that if that fluid is not making its way 0:08:03.960 --> 0:08:06.160 to the brain, that the washing might not be as 0:08:06.320 --> 0:08:10.720 as effective, and so you could keep toxins inside your body. 0:08:10.920 --> 0:08:14.240 So what we're learning is is that even things like dementia, 0:08:14.320 --> 0:08:16.800 which is very complex, or someone losing their memory, that's 0:08:16.800 --> 0:08:19.080 why sleep is so important, is because that build up 0:08:19.080 --> 0:08:21.760 of toxins and trash, we need to wash it out 0:08:21.800 --> 0:08:24.120 every night while we're sleeping. God, is this why there's 0:08:24.160 --> 0:08:26.600 a new trend to drink your own spinal cord fluid. 0:08:27.000 --> 0:08:29.040 I haven't heard that. I think that would not be 0:08:29.080 --> 0:08:31.720 a good idea, because I I could have sworn that's 0:08:31.840 --> 0:08:33.839 you know a lot of professional athletes are now drinking 0:08:33.840 --> 0:08:37.120 their own spinal cord fluid. Yeah, I haven't heard that, 0:08:37.160 --> 0:08:39.920 but that it would not be a good idea. Okay, 0:08:39.920 --> 0:08:44.120 And so during sleep time, what is the average man's 0:08:44.280 --> 0:08:49.960 risk for being incepted. Incepted meaning like the movie inceptional inception. 0:08:50.000 --> 0:08:51.920 Actually haven't seen that movie, so you mean you mean 0:08:52.440 --> 0:08:57.359 someone sneaking into your brain and planting like bad ideas 0:08:57.440 --> 0:09:00.760 inside your head A lot of times when Ron makes 0:09:00.760 --> 0:09:04.840 a mistake, he says, oh, I was incepted, right right. 0:09:06.160 --> 0:09:08.480 The statistics on that I'm not aware of. I would 0:09:08.480 --> 0:09:12.640 say they're extremely low to zero. But I would say that, well, 0:09:12.840 --> 0:09:14.840 what we can learn while we're sleeping is pretty interesting 0:09:14.880 --> 0:09:18.360 because inception is based on a true story. So I 0:09:18.400 --> 0:09:20.960 don't know if it's said that, but i'd like doctor, 0:09:21.000 --> 0:09:24.240 I'd like you to tell that to Chris Nolan. Uh. 0:09:24.360 --> 0:09:26.320 One area though, the is you can there's some interesting 0:09:26.360 --> 0:09:27.880 research you might be able to learn while you're sleep. 0:09:28.679 --> 0:09:31.960 Maybe a word here, you might process it like a 0:09:31.960 --> 0:09:36.560 foreign language or so that that's CPR foreign language. I 0:09:36.559 --> 0:09:38.199 wish that was true. But it seems like maybe you 0:09:38.200 --> 0:09:39.720 could learn a word here, and then it would be 0:09:39.760 --> 0:09:43.120 fun to take CPR and a foreign language, because then 0:09:43.160 --> 0:09:45.560 you'd kill two birds with one stone. That's a good idea. 0:09:45.679 --> 0:09:49.959 I popped it on your list. So you're having a dream, 0:09:50.120 --> 0:09:52.920 Let's say you die in your dream. Does that kill you? 0:09:53.200 --> 0:09:56.040 Like in Freddy Krueger's Nightmare on Elm Street. No, that 0:09:56.080 --> 0:09:57.840 does not that does not kill you. No, if you 0:09:57.960 --> 0:10:00.560 die in your dream, yes, so yeah, your dream are 0:10:01.000 --> 0:10:04.400 not not based on what happens in your and what's 0:10:04.400 --> 0:10:05.640 going to happen to you in your day to day. 0:10:06.200 --> 0:10:11.360 That is a relief. That is an absolute relief. Um. 0:10:11.480 --> 0:10:14.200 The other day, I forgot to have my cup of 0:10:14.240 --> 0:10:18.480 morning Joe, right, and wouldn't you know it, I punched 0:10:18.480 --> 0:10:23.000 a hole through this wall. Uh what what the heck 0:10:23.080 --> 0:10:27.560 is that about not getting that morning caffeine. Yes, well, 0:10:27.679 --> 0:10:30.640 caffeine is something that is very helpful in you know, 0:10:30.640 --> 0:10:33.520 it wakes you up. People can help them with their mood. 0:10:33.920 --> 0:10:35.719 So it's possible that if you had a bit of 0:10:35.760 --> 0:10:37.080 a mood sweet had a bit of a mood swing 0:10:37.200 --> 0:10:40.880 about your your morning morning coffee. That because I'm getting 0:10:40.880 --> 0:10:44.480 fourteen hours of sleep and it takes me, what would 0:10:44.480 --> 0:10:46.920 you say, another three hours to get out of my 0:10:46.960 --> 0:10:51.520 groggy state. Yeah. I don't usually understand what you're talking 0:10:51.559 --> 0:10:55.840 about until three cups of coffee. Yes, but you've said 0:10:55.880 --> 0:10:59.360 some really sweet things, and then after coffee, you say, 0:10:58.760 --> 0:11:04.160 I become a normal rationally exactly, doctor, When you scan 0:11:04.320 --> 0:11:08.199 my brain, what color is it? So is it necessarily 0:11:08.200 --> 0:11:10.600 a color? It depends what type of scanning you're using. 0:11:10.720 --> 0:11:13.320 But you're usually looking at things like white matter and 0:11:13.400 --> 0:11:15.440 gray matter, so usually would come up in a scan 0:11:15.559 --> 0:11:18.160 as white or gray. But there are ways that now 0:11:18.200 --> 0:11:21.720 they do scans where there's colors that represent different parts 0:11:21.760 --> 0:11:24.360 of the brain or different connections. So there's the computer 0:11:24.679 --> 0:11:27.280 assigns colors to different parts of you. If you scan 0:11:27.400 --> 0:11:29.640 someone's brain, can you tell if they're a white hat 0:11:29.760 --> 0:11:32.640 or a black hat. That's a term we just learned 0:11:32.640 --> 0:11:36.440 in cybersecurity, where black hat is a bad hacker in 0:11:36.480 --> 0:11:39.840 a white hat. Yes, pick thank you. That was a 0:11:39.840 --> 0:11:42.120 good question, right, that was a good question. I don't 0:11:42.120 --> 0:11:43.800 believe sometin I don't think you can do that. I mean, 0:11:43.840 --> 0:11:45.720 if I was in a bad mood and you scan 0:11:45.840 --> 0:11:49.120 my brain, would it be red? Because angry? So when 0:11:49.120 --> 0:11:52.440 you're certain moods, certain parts of your brain, blood flows 0:11:52.480 --> 0:11:54.600 to that part of the brain, and so that you 0:11:54.600 --> 0:11:56.160 can pick that up in a brain scan and say, oh, 0:11:56.160 --> 0:11:58.440 this person is angry or that they're more in a 0:11:58.480 --> 0:12:00.480 calm state. So those types of things you can't see 0:12:00.559 --> 0:12:07.120 on a brain scan. Um Carolina here is a pathological liar. Okay, 0:12:07.200 --> 0:12:10.000 so what does her brain look like? I normally would 0:12:10.000 --> 0:12:12.160 disagree with this, but I made a pact with run earlier, 0:12:12.200 --> 0:12:14.439 so yeah, let's go with it. What does the brain 0:12:14.520 --> 0:12:16.760 look like that somebody who's a pathological liar, in other words, 0:12:16.800 --> 0:12:20.640 Carolina's brain? What would it look like? You know, on 0:12:20.640 --> 0:12:23.240 one hand, we learn a lot from brain scans, but 0:12:23.600 --> 0:12:25.360 it's very difficult to just look at a brain skin 0:12:25.400 --> 0:12:27.360 and make that sort of conclusion that this person is 0:12:27.360 --> 0:12:31.920 a pathological liar. Um. But our ability to control parts 0:12:31.960 --> 0:12:35.840 of our brain, our emotions, uh, it really comes from 0:12:35.880 --> 0:12:38.120 this part of our our brain right here behind our forehead, 0:12:38.120 --> 0:12:41.320 our prefrontal cortex. So that would be something that could 0:12:41.360 --> 0:12:44.120 be investigated. Is the size and the strength of that 0:12:44.160 --> 0:12:46.679 part of the brain. Should you get a brain scan 0:12:46.840 --> 0:12:48.840 like once a week, just to stay on top of 0:12:48.880 --> 0:12:52.720 things that would not be recommended? Okay? Alright, if someone 0:12:52.960 --> 0:12:58.760 say Ron may have exaggerated something, here we go again, 0:12:59.440 --> 0:13:04.479 and he highly highly doubtful, go ahead. Then he believed 0:13:04.840 --> 0:13:08.480 that it was the truth. So some liars believe their 0:13:08.480 --> 0:13:13.600 own lives eventually, is that from a deep seated sort 0:13:13.640 --> 0:13:16.440 of route that they keep using or by the way, 0:13:16.480 --> 0:13:19.240 she's referring to the fact that I won the Heisman Trophy. 0:13:19.480 --> 0:13:23.360 You see, that is a hard it's a hard Southern 0:13:23.400 --> 0:13:28.360 Methodist university. So something that's really interesting about memory and 0:13:28.400 --> 0:13:31.640 what we think is reality is that every time. So 0:13:31.679 --> 0:13:33.760 when you have a memory, when you have an experience, 0:13:33.800 --> 0:13:35.560 you make when I ran for a hundred and forty 0:13:35.640 --> 0:13:38.640 seven yards when that's Baylor right, right, when something like 0:13:38.880 --> 0:13:41.840 the cotton Bull, when that memory that memory. So if 0:13:41.840 --> 0:13:44.240 we go back to what happened in was it nineteen 0:13:46.040 --> 0:13:48.800 the moment that happened, your brain made a connection. Every 0:13:48.800 --> 0:13:51.280 time you rethink of it, you revisit that connection. We 0:13:51.320 --> 0:13:54.000 think of my seventy eight yard touchdown run and you 0:13:54.320 --> 0:13:56.720 win the game in overtime form the connection, yes, And 0:13:56.760 --> 0:13:59.640 so every time you revisit it, you actually reformed the connection. 0:13:59.640 --> 0:14:02.880 So you'll know just when people retell stories, the stories change, 0:14:03.080 --> 0:14:06.080 but they believe what they're telling you because they're revisiting 0:14:06.120 --> 0:14:08.960 the most recent version of the connection as opposed to 0:14:09.000 --> 0:14:11.640 what happened in the moment they made the connection. So 0:14:11.679 --> 0:14:14.560 that's why the right that's they remember their memory. That's 0:14:14.559 --> 0:14:18.280 why witness testimony is very flawed. That's why two people 0:14:18.280 --> 0:14:20.760 experienced the same event years later, they have very different, 0:14:20.840 --> 0:14:23.560 very different accounts, very different accounts of it. Yes, so 0:14:23.680 --> 0:14:26.000 memory is very strange. It's not really you're not revisiting 0:14:26.000 --> 0:14:28.240 what actually happened, but the last time you thought of it. 0:14:28.360 --> 0:14:31.880 Because some people come to me and say, no, you 0:14:31.880 --> 0:14:34.240 didn't run for seven or seventy two yard touchdown. You 0:14:34.320 --> 0:14:37.160 ran a sixty eight yard touchdown. And then a lot 0:14:37.200 --> 0:14:40.160 of people come up to me and say, you were 0:14:40.200 --> 0:14:42.680 never at that game, you never played college football, and 0:14:42.720 --> 0:14:47.440 that's their memory of it, of what happened. That's true. Uh, 0:14:47.760 --> 0:14:51.320 where in my brain are my taste buds? Oh, that's 0:14:51.320 --> 0:14:54.280 a good question. So your taste buds are actually in 0:14:54.360 --> 0:14:57.240 your mouth, on your and many of them actually in 0:14:57.280 --> 0:14:59.800 your nose. So when you're tasting things and you plug 0:14:59.840 --> 0:15:03.080 your nose, uh, you have a very hard time tasting. 0:15:03.120 --> 0:15:05.520 Most of taste sensation is actually through the nose. The 0:15:05.560 --> 0:15:08.280 nose is actually connected very closely to the brain, so 0:15:08.360 --> 0:15:11.880 the sensory of smell is right here below your nose. 0:15:12.120 --> 0:15:15.040 So is that why a lot of the world's top chefs, 0:15:15.160 --> 0:15:18.440 when they're you know, sampling their their dish before it's 0:15:18.480 --> 0:15:21.480 about to be plated, will shove a portion of it 0:15:21.560 --> 0:15:24.480 up their nose to taste it. So the nose I'm 0:15:24.520 --> 0:15:26.160 not sure if they do that, but what I do 0:15:26.200 --> 0:15:28.520 know is that the nose is very connected to the 0:15:28.560 --> 0:15:31.200 brain and the sense of smell, and so it's right there. 0:15:31.240 --> 0:15:32.840 Your your brain is right here at the top of 0:15:32.840 --> 0:15:35.640 your nose, and that's the chemicals from the food. Actually, 0:15:35.880 --> 0:15:38.120 they go in the air and they attach right there, 0:15:38.120 --> 0:15:42.280 and that your brain makes sense. How could I train 0:15:42.320 --> 0:15:46.320 my taste buds, well, my brain to like lettuce, to 0:15:46.480 --> 0:15:49.920 tell my taste buds, Oh you love lettuce. I guess 0:15:49.920 --> 0:15:52.960 you could make an association lettuce. That's a positive thing, 0:15:53.120 --> 0:15:56.800 something that you like about something else. Anytime you eat lettuce, 0:15:57.400 --> 0:15:59.200 let us, I'll think of the joy of what I won, 0:15:59.240 --> 0:16:02.400 the Heisman troph You could do that then that that moment, 0:16:02.600 --> 0:16:06.040 eat more lettuce? Yeah. Um, do you do experiments on mice? 0:16:06.720 --> 0:16:10.720 I have? How cute are they? I think they're pretty cute. 0:16:11.320 --> 0:16:13.800 They can be they can't be cute? Yeah, and so 0:16:13.960 --> 0:16:16.720 I when I was sometimes we're about to, you know, 0:16:16.960 --> 0:16:19.320 hook a mouse up to an electrode, Like he's too cute. 0:16:19.360 --> 0:16:22.480 I can't do it, um, there's death, shove a sensor 0:16:22.560 --> 0:16:25.360 up its butt or something like that. You know, I 0:16:25.840 --> 0:16:28.800 love animals, and it's it's a it's and I currently 0:16:28.800 --> 0:16:32.120 don't do any animal research, but I always try to 0:16:32.160 --> 0:16:34.760 remind myself of the greater good for humans. But but 0:16:34.800 --> 0:16:36.960 at the same time, it's it's tough. I'm gonna be honest, 0:16:37.160 --> 0:16:42.160 right right right, m hmm. Well and what was your 0:16:42.680 --> 0:16:50.160 what was a successful ron just thinking about a mouse? Yeah, okay, 0:16:51.040 --> 0:16:56.160 the mouse I met okay, um, go ahead, sorry, Caroline, 0:16:56.200 --> 0:16:58.120 what were you saying, give me, give me a chase 0:16:58.160 --> 0:17:01.960 to compose myself? What's this successful mouse experiment that you've 0:17:02.000 --> 0:17:05.760 done where mice have taught us about something? Uh, so 0:17:05.800 --> 0:17:08.399 specifically that I've done or or anyone has done that 0:17:08.520 --> 0:17:12.359 was interesting to you. Well, wow, there's there's so what 0:17:12.440 --> 0:17:15.479 we talked about the brainwash that was initially discovered in 0:17:15.560 --> 0:17:18.040 animals like mind and then it was and then moved 0:17:18.080 --> 0:17:22.560 up into understanding humans. So, uh, there is quite a 0:17:22.560 --> 0:17:25.000 bit of what we understand starts at the level of 0:17:25.080 --> 0:17:27.920 so things starting dishes essentially with cells, and then if 0:17:28.000 --> 0:17:30.160 that is understood, then it goes to the next level. 0:17:30.160 --> 0:17:32.480 Oftentimes something like a worm or a fruit fly, and 0:17:32.520 --> 0:17:34.640 then it moves up up the ladder until we can 0:17:34.840 --> 0:17:37.440 make sure that this is valid information that can be helpful. Wait, 0:17:37.480 --> 0:17:39.840 so you're doing tests on fruit flies. Yeah, I used 0:17:39.880 --> 0:17:41.600 to do fruit fly research. Yeah, that's a lot of 0:17:41.600 --> 0:17:44.719 our genetic studies come, believe it or not, from mantalizing flies. 0:17:45.280 --> 0:17:47.760 And has anyone ever cloned to fly before? Yes, so 0:17:47.800 --> 0:17:51.280 that that that has happened, so that that's where they 0:17:51.400 --> 0:17:54.520 So they've cloned sheep and things like that. But um, 0:17:54.560 --> 0:17:57.960 that's those are tricky experiments because there's some issues there 0:17:57.960 --> 0:18:03.760 about how healthy the clone is. Right, dr Sometimes I 0:18:03.800 --> 0:18:07.680 lose myself to dance. How can I stop that? I 0:18:07.720 --> 0:18:10.120 would not stop that, I would you know. They looked 0:18:10.119 --> 0:18:12.200 at a study where they found that essentially one of 0:18:12.200 --> 0:18:15.359 the best things you can do for your brain danceing. 0:18:16.119 --> 0:18:18.800 They actually took people who are older and they said, 0:18:18.840 --> 0:18:21.040 what can we do to make these people have younger brains? 0:18:21.280 --> 0:18:23.800 And they tried all different activities, exercise, you name it. 0:18:24.080 --> 0:18:26.639 Nothing was better than dancing because it's a combination of 0:18:26.640 --> 0:18:31.560 physical and creative, physical, mental, social thing, feel good, it's 0:18:31.640 --> 0:18:33.560 it's it's everything you want to do for your brain 0:18:33.560 --> 0:18:36.479 in one activity. So don't don't give that up. So 0:18:36.600 --> 0:18:39.840 dance like a fool. Dance like a fool. I won't 0:18:39.840 --> 0:18:42.399 feel so guilty when I you know, in the middle 0:18:42.440 --> 0:18:46.040 of it's been kind of distracting airplane flight. I just 0:18:46.080 --> 0:18:51.440 stand up and like it. That's boogie. Yes, we're heading 0:18:51.440 --> 0:18:55.040 to San Jose. People NonStop to San Jose. Let's dance 0:18:55.080 --> 0:18:57.520 the whole time. They usually asked me to sit down. 0:18:59.600 --> 0:19:02.359 When I are the song bad Girls by Donna Summers, 0:19:02.920 --> 0:19:06.280 I have to dance, Okay, I have no choice. Is 0:19:06.359 --> 0:19:12.399 my brain a mere servant for Donna's beats? How do 0:19:12.440 --> 0:19:15.200 I get free of her control? Or what? I guess 0:19:15.240 --> 0:19:18.480 you would argue, don't don't free yourself. So there's two 0:19:18.520 --> 0:19:20.600 things I think that you were talking about, which is 0:19:21.000 --> 0:19:23.280 one is why why when you hear a beat do 0:19:23.280 --> 0:19:26.320 you want to move? Specifically Donna Summer, Donna Summer specifically? 0:19:26.800 --> 0:19:29.040 Are you talking about earworms? This idea that of song 0:19:29.119 --> 0:19:30.320 you can't get out of your head? How do you 0:19:30.320 --> 0:19:32.159 get out of your head? That's sort of the question. 0:19:32.280 --> 0:19:35.399 Or why is Donna summing? I would never put am 0:19:35.440 --> 0:19:38.320 in my ear? What you know, there's a term that 0:19:38.800 --> 0:19:40.119 you know when you have a song stuck in your 0:19:40.119 --> 0:19:42.479 head and yeah, yeah, yeah, that's they call that an 0:19:42.480 --> 0:19:46.520 earworm and why does that happen? Um, So, there's been 0:19:46.520 --> 0:19:48.960 these really interesting studies where they found that your brain 0:19:49.040 --> 0:19:51.560 loves to predict what's going to happen next in a song, 0:19:51.840 --> 0:19:53.880 and a lot of these songs that are so catchy, 0:19:54.040 --> 0:19:57.600 they're not quite predictable, and so your brain is constantly 0:19:57.600 --> 0:19:59.760 replaying that little piece over and over again to try 0:19:59.760 --> 0:20:01.919 to make sense of why it wasn't quite exactly what 0:20:01.960 --> 0:20:04.359 your brain expected, and it goes on a loop. So 0:20:04.480 --> 0:20:09.480 your brain finds comfort in predicting the next pattern. Yes, something. 0:20:10.280 --> 0:20:13.040 Your brain loves to predict the next thing. That's why, Uh, 0:20:13.200 --> 0:20:14.840 you know, when you're driving work to home, home to 0:20:14.880 --> 0:20:16.960 work and you say, how did I get here? Your 0:20:16.960 --> 0:20:19.960 brain loves that predictability. It loves to go auto pilot. Yeah, 0:20:20.000 --> 0:20:22.480 it loves to go into autopilot because the brain gets 0:20:22.480 --> 0:20:24.800 a chance to to check out. Essentially, Yeah, it goes 0:20:24.840 --> 0:20:28.320 into what we call autopilot or habit mode. And so 0:20:29.119 --> 0:20:31.600 when something is surprising or knew, your brain can become 0:20:31.640 --> 0:20:33.879 fixated on it. Now, I wonder what GPS is that 0:20:33.920 --> 0:20:36.720 affecting the brain's ability to remember how to get home. 0:20:37.400 --> 0:20:40.280 There's some They did this study with taxi drivers who 0:20:40.280 --> 0:20:42.520 had to learn London and it seems like there's something 0:20:42.560 --> 0:20:46.040 good about finding your way using directions and it actually 0:20:46.040 --> 0:20:47.639 can be helpful to the brain. That it's possible we 0:20:47.680 --> 0:20:51.240 could be losing that predictability. This makes me think of monogamy. 0:20:51.480 --> 0:20:55.800 So how because the airline is not she's never been 0:20:55.840 --> 0:21:01.560 in a monogamous relationship in her life. Continue, Yeah, thus 0:21:01.600 --> 0:21:09.320 the song bad Girls. Yeah, do you think the brain 0:21:10.000 --> 0:21:14.880 likes predictability? Obviously, So if you're in a monogamous relationship, 0:21:14.880 --> 0:21:19.439 get to the point, geez, do you think that the 0:21:19.480 --> 0:21:22.320 brain likes the monogamy? But also it obviously when you 0:21:22.400 --> 0:21:24.160 have a song stuck in your head, likes the new 0:21:24.200 --> 0:21:26.320 thing that they can't predict. So how does that affect 0:21:26.359 --> 0:21:31.640 monogamy versus a new person. So love and the brain 0:21:31.760 --> 0:21:33.480 is something that's been analyzed quite a bit in the 0:21:33.520 --> 0:21:36.879 last few years, and so there is this there's different 0:21:36.880 --> 0:21:39.520 stages of love. There's early love where you're excited, it's 0:21:39.560 --> 0:21:41.880 new and exciting, and then it kind of calms down. 0:21:41.880 --> 0:21:44.439 There's kind of the sweatpants phase of love where people 0:21:44.480 --> 0:21:47.040 get more comfortable and that can be a good thing, 0:21:47.080 --> 0:21:49.879 but it can get a little monotonous. And so what 0:21:50.040 --> 0:21:52.360 is often recommended based upon the brain is that keep 0:21:52.440 --> 0:21:55.800 doing new and surprising things. Go new places, see a 0:21:55.800 --> 0:21:58.080 new movie, go to a new restaurant, because that element 0:21:58.119 --> 0:22:01.639 of surprise causes dopamine release in the brain and actually 0:22:01.640 --> 0:22:06.640 helps keep the relationship exciting. So, dr, I'm a guy 0:22:06.720 --> 0:22:09.840 who likes to go with my gut. You know, I 0:22:09.920 --> 0:22:13.840 want it, I got it, you like my hair, just 0:22:13.920 --> 0:22:17.560 bought it. What does my brain have to do with 0:22:17.600 --> 0:22:19.800 my gut instinct? So that's that's really one of the 0:22:19.800 --> 0:22:21.800