1 00:00:03,760 --> 00:00:07,840 Speaker 1: Our world is full of the unexplainable, and if history 2 00:00:08,039 --> 00:00:11,200 Speaker 1: is an open book, all of these amazing tales are 3 00:00:11,320 --> 00:00:14,680 Speaker 1: right there on display, just waiting for us to explore. 4 00:00:16,200 --> 00:00:28,680 Speaker 1: Welcome to the Cabinet of Curiosities. Don worked as a 5 00:00:28,760 --> 00:00:32,040 Speaker 1: meter reader for the gas company in a small Pennsylvania 6 00:00:32,080 --> 00:00:34,839 Speaker 1: town in the mid nineteen sixties. It was one of 7 00:00:34,840 --> 00:00:38,120 Speaker 1: those idyllic jobs you imagine seeing in old black and 8 00:00:38,120 --> 00:00:41,120 Speaker 1: white television shows like Leave It to Beaver. He would 9 00:00:41,120 --> 00:00:43,760 Speaker 1: show up each morning, bright and early in his smart, 10 00:00:43,840 --> 00:00:48,000 Speaker 1: tidy uniform and begin walking through town and knocking on doors. 11 00:00:49,600 --> 00:00:52,400 Speaker 1: Of course, it was December when this story took place, 12 00:00:52,479 --> 00:00:55,360 Speaker 1: so I imagine it was slightly less idyllic with all 13 00:00:55,400 --> 00:00:58,480 Speaker 1: the snow and ice around. But still Don got to 14 00:00:58,520 --> 00:01:02,280 Speaker 1: spend time outside in the unshine and fresh air. Well 15 00:01:02,400 --> 00:01:05,160 Speaker 1: most of the time, he still had to step inside 16 00:01:05,160 --> 00:01:09,440 Speaker 1: the homes to read the meters. On September five, his 17 00:01:09,560 --> 00:01:12,040 Speaker 1: first stop was at the home of a retired doctor 18 00:01:12,200 --> 00:01:16,560 Speaker 1: named John Bentley. Dr John was two years old, so 19 00:01:16,760 --> 00:01:18,680 Speaker 1: Don made it a point to check on the man 20 00:01:18,800 --> 00:01:21,520 Speaker 1: each month and see how he was doing. But when 21 00:01:21,560 --> 00:01:24,200 Speaker 1: he knocked on the door on December five, no one 22 00:01:24,240 --> 00:01:31,080 Speaker 1: answered it was, however, unlocked, which was very unusual. Don 23 00:01:31,160 --> 00:01:33,319 Speaker 1: stepped in out of the cold and called out for 24 00:01:33,400 --> 00:01:37,039 Speaker 1: Dr John, but no one answered. Assuming the older man 25 00:01:37,120 --> 00:01:39,360 Speaker 1: was out for the morning, Don descended the stairs to 26 00:01:39,400 --> 00:01:42,520 Speaker 1: the basement and headed towards the gas meter. On his 27 00:01:42,600 --> 00:01:46,039 Speaker 1: way across the basement floor, though he encountered something odd. 28 00:01:46,720 --> 00:01:50,800 Speaker 1: It was a pile of ash. Don later described it 29 00:01:50,880 --> 00:01:54,120 Speaker 1: as a circle of dark powder about a foot in diameter, 30 00:01:54,520 --> 00:01:58,320 Speaker 1: standing maybe five inches high. He gently kicked the toe 31 00:01:58,360 --> 00:02:00,800 Speaker 1: of his shoe into the ash, which scattered a bit, 32 00:02:01,120 --> 00:02:03,640 Speaker 1: but then moved on to the meter. When he had 33 00:02:03,680 --> 00:02:06,400 Speaker 1: recorded the number on his pad of paper, he headed 34 00:02:06,400 --> 00:02:10,720 Speaker 1: back upstairs, and that's when he noticed the smoke. It 35 00:02:10,800 --> 00:02:13,520 Speaker 1: wasn't thick, but the sunlight coming in one of the 36 00:02:13,560 --> 00:02:16,640 Speaker 1: living room windows highlighted a few wisps of smoke that 37 00:02:16,840 --> 00:02:20,680 Speaker 1: still hung in the air. More concerned now, Don began 38 00:02:20,760 --> 00:02:23,840 Speaker 1: to shout for doctor John and walk across the house, 39 00:02:23,919 --> 00:02:26,440 Speaker 1: checking all of the rooms for signs of a fire. 40 00:02:27,200 --> 00:02:30,280 Speaker 1: That search eventually led him to the downstairs bathroom and 41 00:02:30,520 --> 00:02:36,040 Speaker 1: a bizarre, unsettling scene. It was a human leg laying 42 00:02:36,080 --> 00:02:40,120 Speaker 1: beside a large charred hole in the bathroom floor. Dr 43 00:02:40,240 --> 00:02:43,480 Speaker 1: John's old metal walker had partially fallen in the hole 44 00:02:43,560 --> 00:02:46,560 Speaker 1: and was leaning against the bathtub where a tattered robe 45 00:02:46,560 --> 00:02:49,760 Speaker 1: had been thrown. Stepping in and peering down the hole, 46 00:02:50,200 --> 00:02:52,440 Speaker 1: Don was surprised to see the pile of ash on 47 00:02:52,480 --> 00:02:55,880 Speaker 1: the basement floor, his toe marks still visible in the 48 00:02:55,880 --> 00:02:59,960 Speaker 1: gray surface. The coroner would later try to put the 49 00:03:00,000 --> 00:03:03,720 Speaker 1: pieces together. No pun intended, of course, because there was 50 00:03:03,760 --> 00:03:06,840 Speaker 1: only one leg. They searched the house for signs of 51 00:03:06,880 --> 00:03:10,240 Speaker 1: foul play, but found nothing out of the ordinary. They 52 00:03:10,240 --> 00:03:13,680 Speaker 1: tossed around theories about Dr John lighting his pipe and 53 00:03:13,960 --> 00:03:17,000 Speaker 1: catching himself on fire, but there were no signs of 54 00:03:17,080 --> 00:03:20,239 Speaker 1: burns anywhere in the house except for the bathroom floor 55 00:03:20,320 --> 00:03:23,520 Speaker 1: where his walker had been found. And that was the 56 00:03:23,560 --> 00:03:27,200 Speaker 1: oddest thing about it. All the plastic parts on Dr 57 00:03:27,280 --> 00:03:30,520 Speaker 1: John's walkers were still intact, as if the fire had 58 00:03:30,560 --> 00:03:34,680 Speaker 1: somehow limited itself to a very small space. So small 59 00:03:34,840 --> 00:03:38,080 Speaker 1: the coroner suggested that when the victim's leg fell out 60 00:03:38,160 --> 00:03:41,080 Speaker 1: of the blaze, it failed to burn up. There was 61 00:03:41,120 --> 00:03:44,040 Speaker 1: even a shiny black loafer still fitted to the foot, 62 00:03:44,640 --> 00:03:48,600 Speaker 1: untouched by fire. When it was all said and done, 63 00:03:48,720 --> 00:03:51,960 Speaker 1: the authorities simply had no way of explaining what had 64 00:03:52,000 --> 00:03:55,680 Speaker 1: happened to poor old doctor John Bentley without clear evidence 65 00:03:55,720 --> 00:03:58,960 Speaker 1: to point out. His cause of death was officially listed 66 00:03:59,000 --> 00:04:04,640 Speaker 1: as as fixiation and burning, which honestly sounds more like 67 00:04:04,680 --> 00:04:08,000 Speaker 1: a description of the results rather than an explanation for 68 00:04:08,080 --> 00:04:12,480 Speaker 1: the cause. Some, however, think that Dr John's death is 69 00:04:12,560 --> 00:04:18,400 Speaker 1: a rare example of something almost supernatural, spontaneous human combustion. 70 00:04:20,640 --> 00:04:24,279 Speaker 1: Was his death really the result of some unnatural internal 71 00:04:24,360 --> 00:04:28,120 Speaker 1: fire or was he simply the victim of an accident 72 00:04:28,200 --> 00:04:31,880 Speaker 1: to that left no evidence for people to find that? 73 00:04:32,480 --> 00:04:50,960 Speaker 1: Of course, is the burning question, isn't it. Francis had 74 00:04:51,000 --> 00:04:54,120 Speaker 1: found himself in possession of an abundance of free time. 75 00:04:54,680 --> 00:04:57,359 Speaker 1: It's a long story that I honestly don't want to 76 00:04:57,360 --> 00:04:59,600 Speaker 1: get into here, but let's just say that he had 77 00:04:59,640 --> 00:05:02,119 Speaker 1: been worked king in one field for most of his life, 78 00:05:02,520 --> 00:05:05,040 Speaker 1: but a mistake at the age of sixty five earned 79 00:05:05,120 --> 00:05:09,320 Speaker 1: him some prison time, a hefty fine, and permanent expulsion 80 00:05:09,440 --> 00:05:13,040 Speaker 1: from the industry he loved. So there he was in 81 00:05:13,200 --> 00:05:17,280 Speaker 1: March of six with not much else to occupy his time. 82 00:05:18,080 --> 00:05:21,040 Speaker 1: As the story goes, he was writing in his carriage 83 00:05:21,080 --> 00:05:24,160 Speaker 1: through the snow covered streets of the village of Highgates, 84 00:05:24,200 --> 00:05:27,200 Speaker 1: now a suburb located to the north of London when 85 00:05:27,200 --> 00:05:30,160 Speaker 1: he called for his driver to stop near Pond Square, 86 00:05:30,640 --> 00:05:33,200 Speaker 1: and idea had fallen out of the air and struck 87 00:05:33,279 --> 00:05:37,919 Speaker 1: him metaphorically. Of course, he had been watching other carriages 88 00:05:37,960 --> 00:05:41,240 Speaker 1: passed by and noticed how their wheels pulled up the 89 00:05:41,320 --> 00:05:44,800 Speaker 1: snow to reveal the grass beneath. What struck him as 90 00:05:44,800 --> 00:05:47,880 Speaker 1: odd thought was that the grass was always perfectly green, 91 00:05:48,160 --> 00:05:51,719 Speaker 1: rather than dead and yellow, and it occurred to him 92 00:05:51,760 --> 00:05:54,280 Speaker 1: that maybe the snow had something to do with that. 93 00:05:55,600 --> 00:05:58,599 Speaker 1: Francis climbed out of the carriage into the damp, cold 94 00:05:58,640 --> 00:06:03,000 Speaker 1: air and looked around. Calling his driver over, he instructed 95 00:06:03,000 --> 00:06:05,479 Speaker 1: the man to go to a nearby farm and purchase 96 00:06:05,600 --> 00:06:08,800 Speaker 1: a chicken. When the coachman returned, he was told to 97 00:06:08,880 --> 00:06:11,920 Speaker 1: kill the bird, pluck it clean, and clean out its 98 00:06:11,920 --> 00:06:14,520 Speaker 1: insides as if he were preparing it for a meal. 99 00:06:15,880 --> 00:06:18,520 Speaker 1: When the pale, white remnant of the chicken was ready, 100 00:06:18,800 --> 00:06:22,039 Speaker 1: Francis took it and laid it in the snow alongside 101 00:06:22,080 --> 00:06:25,200 Speaker 1: the park. There, a crowd began to gather as this 102 00:06:25,279 --> 00:06:30,039 Speaker 1: strange man started doing even stranger things. First, he scooped 103 00:06:30,120 --> 00:06:33,680 Speaker 1: up handful after handful of snow and packed it into 104 00:06:33,760 --> 00:06:38,680 Speaker 1: the chickens abdomen. Then, after retrieving a sackcloth from the carriage, 105 00:06:38,960 --> 00:06:41,880 Speaker 1: he put the chicken inside and packed it with even 106 00:06:41,920 --> 00:06:47,040 Speaker 1: more snow. Not remember this was sixteen twenty six, so 107 00:06:47,160 --> 00:06:49,320 Speaker 1: even though the sight of a frozen chicken at the 108 00:06:49,320 --> 00:06:52,400 Speaker 1: grocery store might strike us as normal, there were no 109 00:06:52,560 --> 00:06:56,279 Speaker 1: freezers back then. What Francis was testing was a theory 110 00:06:56,520 --> 00:06:59,880 Speaker 1: that we all knew would pay off. Snow, because of 111 00:07:00,000 --> 00:07:04,000 Speaker 1: it's cold temperature, could preserve raw meat for later. It 112 00:07:04,120 --> 00:07:07,960 Speaker 1: was genius. Sadly, Francis wouldn't live to see if his 113 00:07:08,040 --> 00:07:11,680 Speaker 1: hypothesis worked. That hour out in the wet and cold 114 00:07:11,800 --> 00:07:14,440 Speaker 1: must have weakened his body, and by that evening he 115 00:07:14,520 --> 00:07:18,000 Speaker 1: was in bed with pneumonia. A few days later he 116 00:07:18,120 --> 00:07:21,520 Speaker 1: was dead. The frozen chicken, as far as I can tell, 117 00:07:22,240 --> 00:07:27,800 Speaker 1: disappeared after that. There are stories, of course, there always 118 00:07:27,840 --> 00:07:31,360 Speaker 1: are in situations like this. Many people over the years 119 00:07:31,360 --> 00:07:33,800 Speaker 1: of claim to see the pale shape of a naked 120 00:07:33,880 --> 00:07:37,560 Speaker 1: chicken running around the area of Pond Square. The most 121 00:07:37,560 --> 00:07:40,320 Speaker 1: common version of these sightings is that the bird appears 122 00:07:40,360 --> 00:07:43,560 Speaker 1: from nowhere, runs in a circle two or three times, 123 00:07:44,160 --> 00:07:48,040 Speaker 1: and then vanishes. While the tales of the ghostly chicken 124 00:07:48,200 --> 00:07:51,760 Speaker 1: might fall within the realm of fantasy. Francis is embedded 125 00:07:51,800 --> 00:07:55,440 Speaker 1: firmly in the pages of history. He's been referred to 126 00:07:55,600 --> 00:07:59,400 Speaker 1: as the father of empiricism, who used inductive reasoning to 127 00:07:59,440 --> 00:08:03,160 Speaker 1: build scientific knowledge, much as he did that cold day 128 00:08:03,200 --> 00:08:06,880 Speaker 1: in Pond Square with his frozen chicken, but he did 129 00:08:07,080 --> 00:08:11,640 Speaker 1: much more. He served Queen Elizabeth as her legal advisor 130 00:08:12,000 --> 00:08:15,280 Speaker 1: and was knighted by King James the first. You and 131 00:08:15,360 --> 00:08:18,040 Speaker 1: I might know him as that crazy old guy with 132 00:08:18,080 --> 00:08:20,800 Speaker 1: a bag full of snow and a dead chicken, but 133 00:08:20,880 --> 00:08:24,440 Speaker 1: thankfully history will remember him with a bit more respect. 134 00:08:25,600 --> 00:08:29,280 Speaker 1: Our Francis, you see, was none other than the Lord 135 00:08:29,400 --> 00:08:37,400 Speaker 1: High Chancellor of England, Sir Francis Bacon. I hope you've 136 00:08:37,480 --> 00:08:41,479 Speaker 1: enjoyed today's guided tour of the Cabinet of Curiosities. Subscribe 137 00:08:41,480 --> 00:08:44,120 Speaker 1: for free on Apple Podcasts, or learn more about the 138 00:08:44,120 --> 00:08:48,880 Speaker 1: show by visiting Curiosities podcast dot com. The show was 139 00:08:49,000 --> 00:08:52,800 Speaker 1: created by me Aaron Manky in partnership with how Stuff Works. 140 00:08:53,240 --> 00:08:56,400 Speaker 1: I make another award winning show called Lore, which is 141 00:08:56,480 --> 00:08:59,840 Speaker 1: a podcast, book series, and television show, and you can 142 00:09:00,040 --> 00:09:02,280 Speaker 1: learn all about it over at the World of Lore 143 00:09:02,559 --> 00:09:08,880 Speaker 1: dot com and Until next time, stay curious, h