1 00:00:05,200 --> 00:00:07,520 Speaker 1: Hey, this is Annie and Samantha and welcome to Stephan 2 00:00:07,640 --> 00:00:19,759 Speaker 1: Never Told You production of iHeartRadio. And it's time for 3 00:00:20,000 --> 00:00:23,960 Speaker 1: another edition of Female First, which means we are once 4 00:00:24,000 --> 00:00:28,720 Speaker 1: again joined by the wonderful, the magnificent, the fabulous Eve. 5 00:00:29,040 --> 00:00:31,600 Speaker 2: Welcome Eve, thank you, thank you. 6 00:00:31,680 --> 00:00:34,080 Speaker 3: Happy to be here and as always, happy for that 7 00:00:34,280 --> 00:00:35,520 Speaker 3: very grand introduction. 8 00:00:37,080 --> 00:00:39,960 Speaker 1: I like doing a grand introduction, and I feel like 9 00:00:40,800 --> 00:00:46,480 Speaker 1: today we are. We're coming in various energies. We've got 10 00:00:46,520 --> 00:00:51,840 Speaker 1: Samantha whose has sort of a tough, annoying morning. 11 00:00:52,080 --> 00:00:56,040 Speaker 4: Perhaps it's just one of those like human error days 12 00:00:56,240 --> 00:00:58,560 Speaker 4: where I'm mad at everything. It turns out it's my fault, 13 00:00:58,600 --> 00:01:03,160 Speaker 4: so I'm even madder because I can't make sense of things. 14 00:01:03,560 --> 00:01:05,480 Speaker 4: So it's it's a double whammy. But it's okay because 15 00:01:05,480 --> 00:01:09,520 Speaker 4: it's Annie's birthday that the day we're recording, So happy birthday. 16 00:01:08,800 --> 00:01:12,880 Speaker 3: Birthday, Annie, thank you, thank you, and I get to 17 00:01:12,959 --> 00:01:15,000 Speaker 3: talk with you all, even. 18 00:01:14,840 --> 00:01:18,280 Speaker 1: Though I just had a very fun conversation about the 19 00:01:18,360 --> 00:01:22,440 Speaker 1: kei we fruit and continents and how nice it is 20 00:01:22,440 --> 00:01:24,479 Speaker 1: to have days where you can do nothing. 21 00:01:26,040 --> 00:01:28,520 Speaker 2: It was lovely. So it's been a lovely start to 22 00:01:28,720 --> 00:01:29,479 Speaker 2: my birthday. 23 00:01:29,600 --> 00:01:33,560 Speaker 3: So what would you describe your energy ass Yeah, right now, Annie, 24 00:01:33,680 --> 00:01:35,800 Speaker 3: if hers is aggressively annoying. 25 00:01:35,640 --> 00:01:43,039 Speaker 1: Oh, it's it's the intersection of anxious and goofy, very 26 00:01:43,080 --> 00:01:46,520 Speaker 1: goofy energy. Because I've been up and I've been trying 27 00:01:46,520 --> 00:01:48,440 Speaker 1: to like get stuff done, and then I've been like, 28 00:01:48,440 --> 00:01:50,800 Speaker 1: but I could watch Star Wars Zone, So it's like 29 00:01:50,800 --> 00:01:57,040 Speaker 1: a weird it's like a work day. So trying to 30 00:01:57,080 --> 00:01:58,920 Speaker 1: balance that out. And I was telling you, I don't 31 00:01:58,920 --> 00:02:03,800 Speaker 1: get contacted by this many people often, and it's great, 32 00:02:03,840 --> 00:02:06,400 Speaker 1: like that's it's so nice to have people that care 33 00:02:06,400 --> 00:02:09,000 Speaker 1: about you or they like no know you and they 34 00:02:09,040 --> 00:02:12,720 Speaker 1: send you puns and gifts and all this stuff. But 35 00:02:12,760 --> 00:02:15,120 Speaker 1: it's also like every time I get a notification, I'm 36 00:02:15,160 --> 00:02:20,760 Speaker 1: such a anxious person. I'm like, something's as terrible as happened. Yeah, 37 00:02:20,760 --> 00:02:23,359 Speaker 1: So I feel like that that kind of intersection, that's 38 00:02:23,400 --> 00:02:26,760 Speaker 1: where that's where I am okay. 39 00:02:27,080 --> 00:02:27,920 Speaker 2: Solid place to be. 40 00:02:28,200 --> 00:02:34,040 Speaker 3: What about you, Eves, I am at once tired and also. 41 00:02:36,480 --> 00:02:36,919 Speaker 2: Pleasant. 42 00:02:39,400 --> 00:02:41,600 Speaker 3: I was trying to figure out a where for it 43 00:02:41,720 --> 00:02:44,760 Speaker 3: because like, I feel okay, but you know, I'm still 44 00:02:44,800 --> 00:02:47,440 Speaker 3: I'm a little there's like some tiredness sitting to me somewhere. 45 00:02:48,880 --> 00:02:50,440 Speaker 3: It's cool though, because I'm going to take a nap. 46 00:02:50,560 --> 00:02:53,280 Speaker 3: You know, then I think the people know that I'm 47 00:02:53,320 --> 00:02:53,960 Speaker 3: here for a nap. 48 00:02:54,720 --> 00:02:55,679 Speaker 2: So I love that. 49 00:02:55,800 --> 00:02:58,560 Speaker 1: I love it. I love it too. I love it 50 00:02:58,600 --> 00:03:03,240 Speaker 1: through We were just talking about you had so many 51 00:03:03,240 --> 00:03:06,280 Speaker 1: good quotes. We need to start writing gun quotes about 52 00:03:06,320 --> 00:03:08,720 Speaker 1: like your your Friday, and I was. 53 00:03:08,680 --> 00:03:10,960 Speaker 2: Like, don't take my Friday from me. 54 00:03:11,240 --> 00:03:15,080 Speaker 1: Yeah, I don't want it Friday to be by yours. 55 00:03:15,720 --> 00:03:16,440 Speaker 2: I love it. 56 00:03:16,880 --> 00:03:17,079 Speaker 1: Yeah. 57 00:03:17,160 --> 00:03:20,120 Speaker 3: Yeah, this Friday for me, I'm not doing anything, so 58 00:03:20,680 --> 00:03:21,640 Speaker 3: I need it for myself. 59 00:03:21,720 --> 00:03:24,799 Speaker 2: I need to be by myself. Mm hmm. And that's 60 00:03:24,800 --> 00:03:26,400 Speaker 2: how it's going to be nice. 61 00:03:27,200 --> 00:03:28,680 Speaker 1: Yes, that is nice. 62 00:03:28,800 --> 00:03:30,520 Speaker 2: It's important. It's very important. 63 00:03:31,520 --> 00:03:34,960 Speaker 1: Yes. Well thanks, it's always for taking the time to 64 00:03:35,040 --> 00:03:37,760 Speaker 1: join us. I have to say this story was fascinating, 65 00:03:37,840 --> 00:03:40,520 Speaker 1: but I am very eager for you to help me 66 00:03:40,600 --> 00:03:43,160 Speaker 1: understand it because it was like a lot going on 67 00:03:43,240 --> 00:03:45,000 Speaker 1: in this Yeah. 68 00:03:44,360 --> 00:03:44,840 Speaker 2: There is. 69 00:03:45,600 --> 00:03:49,200 Speaker 3: So Today we're talking about Lean Hi Yeen and Lin 70 00:03:49,280 --> 00:03:52,880 Speaker 3: hy Yeen was an architect. She often you might see 71 00:03:52,880 --> 00:03:57,560 Speaker 3: her named Phyllis in certain sources, because she did go 72 00:03:57,600 --> 00:04:02,480 Speaker 3: by the name Phyllis at times English speaking company. She 73 00:04:02,680 --> 00:04:07,320 Speaker 3: was the first female architect in modern China, and she 74 00:04:07,440 --> 00:04:12,520 Speaker 3: and her husband Leong Shuchang, they created the first systematic 75 00:04:12,600 --> 00:04:16,480 Speaker 3: history of Chinese architecture. And her husband is the one 76 00:04:16,520 --> 00:04:20,640 Speaker 3: who's often highlighted in conversations about this period of architecture 77 00:04:20,680 --> 00:04:27,839 Speaker 3: because he's considered the father paternalism and patriarchy point of 78 00:04:28,000 --> 00:04:32,000 Speaker 3: modern architecture in China. But the two of them were married, 79 00:04:32,120 --> 00:04:34,760 Speaker 3: so their story is very interlinked, and I think the 80 00:04:34,800 --> 00:04:37,440 Speaker 3: complexity of their story has to do with that because 81 00:04:37,960 --> 00:04:41,360 Speaker 3: so many of their accomplishments were done together. And that's 82 00:04:41,400 --> 00:04:46,520 Speaker 3: not done in a way of detracting from Lean's legacy, 83 00:04:46,720 --> 00:04:50,640 Speaker 3: because hers is part of it. It's just that Leong 84 00:04:51,240 --> 00:04:53,440 Speaker 3: did a lot too, and a lot of their work 85 00:04:53,480 --> 00:04:56,120 Speaker 3: was together. So in times, in looking back at her 86 00:04:56,160 --> 00:05:00,359 Speaker 3: biography and the course of their history together, she was 87 00:05:00,480 --> 00:05:03,960 Speaker 3: not as recognized as he was as often as the case. 88 00:05:05,240 --> 00:05:07,880 Speaker 3: But unlike other cases and other cases we see this 89 00:05:07,960 --> 00:05:10,000 Speaker 3: kind of story, It's like there is a man and 90 00:05:10,680 --> 00:05:13,080 Speaker 3: the woman who did a lot of integral work, and 91 00:05:13,200 --> 00:05:16,960 Speaker 3: whatever their discovery or accomplishment was, they weren't related. They 92 00:05:16,960 --> 00:05:20,599 Speaker 3: weren't partnered in any sort of romantic or way other 93 00:05:20,640 --> 00:05:24,320 Speaker 3: than their work. So the woman's work will get buried. 94 00:05:24,360 --> 00:05:27,680 Speaker 3: But in this case, it's just a matter of how 95 00:05:27,720 --> 00:05:30,760 Speaker 3: things work when it came to gender, who gets recognized 96 00:05:30,800 --> 00:05:35,360 Speaker 3: and who's doing the writing of the history, and he did. Actually, 97 00:05:35,400 --> 00:05:38,120 Speaker 3: they both had their own accomplishment, separately and together. 98 00:05:38,279 --> 00:05:42,480 Speaker 2: So that is part of Lin Huyin's story. 99 00:05:43,680 --> 00:05:46,839 Speaker 3: And her story goes back to the early nineteen hundreds 100 00:05:46,920 --> 00:05:50,520 Speaker 3: because she was born in June of nineteen oh four 101 00:05:50,680 --> 00:05:55,160 Speaker 3: in Honjo, China. Her father was Lin chog Mien. He 102 00:05:55,240 --> 00:05:58,680 Speaker 3: was a scholar, an activist and a politician. She didn't 103 00:05:58,680 --> 00:06:00,560 Speaker 3: see how much when she was a young child because 104 00:06:00,600 --> 00:06:03,880 Speaker 3: he was away overseas for a period, but her family 105 00:06:04,080 --> 00:06:07,360 Speaker 3: was well off and prominent, so that wasn't too big 106 00:06:07,400 --> 00:06:09,679 Speaker 3: of a deal for too long because she was able 107 00:06:09,720 --> 00:06:12,120 Speaker 3: to travel as well. She had access to a lot 108 00:06:12,120 --> 00:06:15,400 Speaker 3: of educational resources, and her father, being the prominent person 109 00:06:15,480 --> 00:06:17,560 Speaker 3: that he was and the person who was interested in 110 00:06:17,600 --> 00:06:23,440 Speaker 3: politics internationally and in China, had a lot of privilege 111 00:06:23,760 --> 00:06:26,760 Speaker 3: and resource. They were well resourced. So she went to 112 00:06:26,800 --> 00:06:30,160 Speaker 3: the Peihua Girls High School that was established by the 113 00:06:30,240 --> 00:06:34,200 Speaker 3: Church of England, and when her father was overseas, she 114 00:06:34,320 --> 00:06:36,920 Speaker 3: moved to Europe with him. When she was in high school, 115 00:06:37,240 --> 00:06:40,400 Speaker 3: and she went to Saint Mary's College in London. Her 116 00:06:40,440 --> 00:06:43,400 Speaker 3: father put a really strong emphasis on her education, so 117 00:06:43,440 --> 00:06:46,200 Speaker 3: he was all about her learning and not just learning 118 00:06:46,600 --> 00:06:50,440 Speaker 3: in the classroom, learning through the world, teaching her things 119 00:06:50,440 --> 00:06:53,320 Speaker 3: in that way. So she was very hands on and 120 00:06:53,480 --> 00:06:57,120 Speaker 3: working with him and him raising her up to think 121 00:06:57,120 --> 00:06:59,480 Speaker 3: about her own education and what she was capable of 122 00:06:59,520 --> 00:07:03,080 Speaker 3: in that way in England is often talked about in 123 00:07:03,120 --> 00:07:05,520 Speaker 3: her story. She had a brief romance with the Chinese 124 00:07:05,600 --> 00:07:10,160 Speaker 3: poet Hu Gimo that was around nineteen twenty to nineteen 125 00:07:10,200 --> 00:07:13,360 Speaker 3: twenty two, and he was like seven years older than her, 126 00:07:13,440 --> 00:07:17,560 Speaker 3: so there's a whole kerfuffle, like a scandal basically around 127 00:07:17,600 --> 00:07:21,680 Speaker 3: the fact that he was married to someone already when 128 00:07:21,680 --> 00:07:25,040 Speaker 3: he was like ooh, like I'm really liking Lin Hui Yin, 129 00:07:25,880 --> 00:07:30,000 Speaker 3: and he ended up divorcing his first wife, supposedly because 130 00:07:30,000 --> 00:07:32,960 Speaker 3: he wanted to be with Lian, but that ended when 131 00:07:33,000 --> 00:07:36,160 Speaker 3: Lean went back to China. Her father was not having it. 132 00:07:36,280 --> 00:07:39,400 Speaker 3: Her father was like, this man is married. This is 133 00:07:39,400 --> 00:07:41,440 Speaker 3: also not the man for you, because we already have. 134 00:07:41,480 --> 00:07:42,400 Speaker 2: Someone in mind. 135 00:07:42,480 --> 00:07:44,960 Speaker 3: And that man was the person who would end up 136 00:07:45,000 --> 00:07:48,360 Speaker 3: becoming her husband, and that is Leang Sichang. 137 00:07:57,360 --> 00:07:57,480 Speaker 4: So. 138 00:07:57,520 --> 00:08:00,360 Speaker 3: In nineteen twenty four, Lean enrolled at the Universe of 139 00:08:00,360 --> 00:08:05,680 Speaker 3: Pennsylvania along with her to be husband Leong and his father, 140 00:08:05,880 --> 00:08:10,800 Speaker 3: was also a politician and a scholar, Leon chichaw So. 141 00:08:11,160 --> 00:08:15,320 Speaker 3: The curriculum at the University of Pennsylvania and its architecture 142 00:08:15,360 --> 00:08:18,960 Speaker 3: program was based on the Acole de Bouzar in Paris. 143 00:08:19,720 --> 00:08:22,560 Speaker 3: That was a school that was associated with a style 144 00:08:22,600 --> 00:08:27,120 Speaker 3: of architecture popular in France at the time. Leon got 145 00:08:27,160 --> 00:08:31,720 Speaker 3: a bachelor's there and later a master's degree in architecture. 146 00:08:32,120 --> 00:08:34,959 Speaker 3: But Lean, on the other hand, she majored in fine 147 00:08:35,040 --> 00:08:39,640 Speaker 3: arts because women couldn't enroll in the architectural program there 148 00:08:39,760 --> 00:08:43,080 Speaker 3: at the time. That said, she skirted the rules and 149 00:08:43,120 --> 00:08:45,920 Speaker 3: found the loopholes as people who want to bend the 150 00:08:46,000 --> 00:08:48,440 Speaker 3: rules and are trying to find their way and things do. 151 00:08:49,120 --> 00:08:53,400 Speaker 3: She took courses in architecture still and she taught architectural design, 152 00:08:53,840 --> 00:08:56,200 Speaker 3: so she was still able to get an education that 153 00:08:56,240 --> 00:08:59,120 Speaker 3: allowed her to learn about architecture and find a career 154 00:08:59,200 --> 00:09:01,640 Speaker 3: pass in it. So she made good use of her 155 00:09:01,679 --> 00:09:06,680 Speaker 3: time there and she was invested in educating people in 156 00:09:06,760 --> 00:09:10,680 Speaker 3: China and around the world about historic buildings in China, 157 00:09:11,760 --> 00:09:14,360 Speaker 3: Lean said in a nineteen twenty five interview with the 158 00:09:14,400 --> 00:09:18,000 Speaker 3: Philadelphia Public Ledger, quote, I dream of the homes. I'm 159 00:09:18,000 --> 00:09:22,240 Speaker 3: going to build real homes with children and gardens, goldfish, 160 00:09:22,520 --> 00:09:27,120 Speaker 3: kittens and puppy dogs, Chinese spirit and modern strength. 161 00:09:27,880 --> 00:09:30,199 Speaker 2: So you'll see a lot throughout the course. 162 00:09:29,960 --> 00:09:33,880 Speaker 3: Of Lien and Leong's story that they were very invested 163 00:09:33,920 --> 00:09:38,959 Speaker 3: in the preservation of Chinese buildings, Chinese structures and architecture 164 00:09:39,040 --> 00:09:43,000 Speaker 3: and design, and including that as things were becoming more new, 165 00:09:43,040 --> 00:09:46,280 Speaker 3: there was a lot of emphasis on these international styles, 166 00:09:46,920 --> 00:09:51,000 Speaker 3: and they really wanted to make sure that they were 167 00:09:51,040 --> 00:09:56,120 Speaker 3: forefronting Chinese design and tradition at the same time that 168 00:09:56,200 --> 00:09:59,720 Speaker 3: these new principles were coming in and co mingling with them. 169 00:10:00,120 --> 00:10:02,800 Speaker 3: But Lean had this whole other track in her story 170 00:10:02,800 --> 00:10:03,320 Speaker 3: as well. 171 00:10:03,440 --> 00:10:04,400 Speaker 2: I guess where you. 172 00:10:04,400 --> 00:10:06,920 Speaker 3: Talked about all these different things going on in the story, Annie, 173 00:10:06,960 --> 00:10:10,160 Speaker 3: and one of those was also her writing and her 174 00:10:10,200 --> 00:10:15,360 Speaker 3: interest in other arts. But it all does make sense 175 00:10:15,440 --> 00:10:18,920 Speaker 3: because Lean herself from an early age had an interest 176 00:10:19,000 --> 00:10:21,960 Speaker 3: in the art side of things and also the technology 177 00:10:22,000 --> 00:10:25,760 Speaker 3: side of things, So then it makes sense that she 178 00:10:26,000 --> 00:10:29,560 Speaker 3: became interested in architecture, and through her travels she was 179 00:10:29,600 --> 00:10:32,439 Speaker 3: able to see in Europe all this different architecture when 180 00:10:32,440 --> 00:10:34,520 Speaker 3: she was young and gained an interest in it, and 181 00:10:34,640 --> 00:10:37,960 Speaker 3: so that translated to stage designs. She went to Yale 182 00:10:38,040 --> 00:10:42,080 Speaker 3: University to study stage design in nineteen twenty seven and 183 00:10:43,000 --> 00:10:46,120 Speaker 3: was able to be involved from that way where she 184 00:10:46,200 --> 00:10:49,760 Speaker 3: was still moving things around, interested in design and the 185 00:10:49,760 --> 00:10:52,440 Speaker 3: way things looked, in the way that sets looked. 186 00:10:53,320 --> 00:10:55,199 Speaker 2: So that's what she went there for. 187 00:10:55,760 --> 00:10:59,240 Speaker 3: And in nineteen twenty eight she married Leong Sachang in Canada. 188 00:10:59,720 --> 00:11:03,080 Speaker 3: They eventually had two children. So after the two of 189 00:11:03,080 --> 00:11:06,160 Speaker 3: them they got married, they went to visit several countries 190 00:11:06,240 --> 00:11:11,040 Speaker 3: around Europe, and so they both had this interest in architecture, 191 00:11:11,080 --> 00:11:13,240 Speaker 3: so it was kind of a double thing. It was 192 00:11:13,280 --> 00:11:16,360 Speaker 3: a honeymoon for them, but it was also them getting 193 00:11:16,400 --> 00:11:19,320 Speaker 3: to see a bunch of architectural design while they were there, 194 00:11:19,760 --> 00:11:21,400 Speaker 3: so they were seeing a lot of the things that 195 00:11:21,440 --> 00:11:24,240 Speaker 3: they had studied when they were in school. After their 196 00:11:24,280 --> 00:11:27,199 Speaker 3: time in Europe, they went back to China and along 197 00:11:27,240 --> 00:11:30,400 Speaker 3: with some other colleagues, they founded the Department of Architectural 198 00:11:30,440 --> 00:11:35,960 Speaker 3: Engineering at Northeastern University in Shanyanan. Leong and his colleagues 199 00:11:36,240 --> 00:11:41,080 Speaker 3: also soon formed a practice, with Lian being a kind 200 00:11:41,080 --> 00:11:43,960 Speaker 3: of informal partner. All the other colleagues who had begun 201 00:11:44,040 --> 00:11:47,040 Speaker 3: teaching there, who they had already known, who had come 202 00:11:47,080 --> 00:11:51,040 Speaker 3: over from the US that they had met, were men. 203 00:11:52,040 --> 00:11:56,640 Speaker 3: But obviously Lean was also still very involved in this, 204 00:11:57,840 --> 00:12:00,600 Speaker 3: so yeah, she was also a writer. She published poems, 205 00:12:00,640 --> 00:12:06,520 Speaker 3: short stories, and plays. And Lien and Leong were educated 206 00:12:06,559 --> 00:12:10,880 Speaker 3: in the BuzAr system, but in the early nineteen thirties 207 00:12:10,920 --> 00:12:18,479 Speaker 3: they began regularly exploring China looking for old wooden buildings, 208 00:12:18,520 --> 00:12:24,160 Speaker 3: and they became committed to modern architecture as well. According 209 00:12:24,160 --> 00:12:27,520 Speaker 3: to Harold Kalman in the article Chinese Spirit and Modern Strength, 210 00:12:27,679 --> 00:12:32,520 Speaker 3: Lean Sachang Lin huiin and Early Modernist Architecture in China, 211 00:12:32,760 --> 00:12:37,480 Speaker 3: Leong Quote was the more dedicated scholar, while Lien Quote 212 00:12:37,679 --> 00:12:42,320 Speaker 3: showed a greater enthusiasm for architectural design and was the 213 00:12:42,320 --> 00:12:47,280 Speaker 3: more creative of the two. The author also said in 214 00:12:47,320 --> 00:12:52,240 Speaker 3: that article that the couple's son Quote believes that the 215 00:12:52,320 --> 00:12:56,360 Speaker 3: majority of the buildings traditionally ascribed to Leon actually came 216 00:12:56,400 --> 00:13:01,000 Speaker 3: from the hand of Lien. That author also, and explaining 217 00:13:01,040 --> 00:13:05,160 Speaker 3: their work, that they didn't adhere to Western modernism, and 218 00:13:05,200 --> 00:13:09,960 Speaker 3: for them, modernism was about a return to order a 219 00:13:10,040 --> 00:13:14,280 Speaker 3: quote reconciliation of Chinese tradition and Western innovation that was 220 00:13:14,320 --> 00:13:20,760 Speaker 3: tempered by rational Boozar principles. So the two of them 221 00:13:21,320 --> 00:13:25,720 Speaker 3: were fusing those things together. And also the way that 222 00:13:25,760 --> 00:13:28,800 Speaker 3: they were working together really seemed to be in a 223 00:13:28,840 --> 00:13:34,880 Speaker 3: supplementary fashion, to where a lot of the history and 224 00:13:34,960 --> 00:13:38,240 Speaker 3: the way that things were attributed to them may have 225 00:13:38,360 --> 00:13:41,160 Speaker 3: made it seem like Leng was the one who was 226 00:13:41,640 --> 00:13:44,280 Speaker 3: more so responsible for the design, but it seemed like 227 00:13:44,840 --> 00:13:49,400 Speaker 3: Lian actually had a very integral hand in the design 228 00:13:50,240 --> 00:13:53,719 Speaker 3: of the works that they created together. So all the 229 00:13:53,760 --> 00:13:57,240 Speaker 3: while they're doing this architectural design together. By the early 230 00:13:57,320 --> 00:14:00,560 Speaker 3: nineteen thirties, Lien had also become well known in the 231 00:14:00,600 --> 00:14:04,360 Speaker 3: literary world as a poet, an essayist, and a short 232 00:14:04,440 --> 00:14:09,160 Speaker 3: story writer, and she was also gathering writers and other 233 00:14:09,640 --> 00:14:13,120 Speaker 3: intellectuals in these salons that she would have. It seemed 234 00:14:13,160 --> 00:14:15,000 Speaker 3: to be also another thing that she liked to do, 235 00:14:15,480 --> 00:14:17,560 Speaker 3: and she was a member of literary groups like the 236 00:14:17,600 --> 00:14:21,720 Speaker 3: Beijing School, which was a collection of modernist writers, and 237 00:14:21,880 --> 00:14:25,240 Speaker 3: in a literary society called the Crescent Moon Society. She 238 00:14:25,360 --> 00:14:29,000 Speaker 3: moved to Beijing in nineteen thirty and then Leon moved 239 00:14:29,000 --> 00:14:32,920 Speaker 3: there a year after she did. And around that same time, 240 00:14:32,960 --> 00:14:35,440 Speaker 3: in the early nineteen thirties, they met the American couple 241 00:14:35,520 --> 00:14:39,680 Speaker 3: Wilma and John Fairbank. I mentioned them because they became 242 00:14:39,920 --> 00:14:44,240 Speaker 3: pretty close friends and they corresponded with each other for 243 00:14:45,400 --> 00:14:48,640 Speaker 3: the rest of Lean's life, like for a really long time, 244 00:14:49,040 --> 00:14:51,680 Speaker 3: and so they were pretty close. And the work that 245 00:14:51,720 --> 00:14:55,920 Speaker 3: they did later to uncover some of their works and 246 00:14:56,000 --> 00:14:59,680 Speaker 3: share it with people was important in the preservation of 247 00:14:59,760 --> 00:15:03,160 Speaker 3: their li legacy too. But yeah, Lan and Lyon would 248 00:15:03,200 --> 00:15:06,880 Speaker 3: travel to these remote places. They would walk, they would 249 00:15:06,920 --> 00:15:10,640 Speaker 3: go buy mule, and they would go by rickshaw and 250 00:15:10,880 --> 00:15:13,440 Speaker 3: all these different modes of transportation and to get to 251 00:15:13,440 --> 00:15:15,240 Speaker 3: the places that they needed to get to because they 252 00:15:15,280 --> 00:15:18,880 Speaker 3: were so remote, they squeezed themselves into these dirty rooms 253 00:15:18,920 --> 00:15:21,360 Speaker 3: and potentially dangerous places. 254 00:15:21,480 --> 00:15:22,720 Speaker 2: They talked about things. 255 00:15:22,480 --> 00:15:26,200 Speaker 3: Like bedbugs and all these other hazards being in the 256 00:15:26,200 --> 00:15:29,600 Speaker 3: places they would go to to find and learn more 257 00:15:29,680 --> 00:15:36,760 Speaker 3: about Chinese architectures. One of their most notable discoveries happened 258 00:15:36,840 --> 00:15:41,640 Speaker 3: in nineteen thirty seven when they dated and cataloged Fogwans 259 00:15:42,120 --> 00:15:45,440 Speaker 3: or the Temple of Buddha's Light in shaun Sea Province 260 00:15:46,280 --> 00:15:49,200 Speaker 3: that was built in eight hundred and fifty seven CE, 261 00:15:49,760 --> 00:15:52,600 Speaker 3: so at the time it was known the oldest known 262 00:15:52,640 --> 00:15:57,240 Speaker 3: building in China, and since then, though older structures have 263 00:15:57,360 --> 00:16:01,120 Speaker 3: been found, it's still considered one of the oldest surviving 264 00:16:01,600 --> 00:16:04,760 Speaker 3: win in structures in China. So I just think about 265 00:16:04,800 --> 00:16:07,920 Speaker 3: them traveling to all these different places, it seems like 266 00:16:08,160 --> 00:16:12,240 Speaker 3: a pretty adventurous life. Not to say that adventure only 267 00:16:12,280 --> 00:16:17,520 Speaker 3: means like the fun kind of adventure, because war was 268 00:16:17,600 --> 00:16:22,200 Speaker 3: also part of their story. Japan invaded China in the 269 00:16:22,240 --> 00:16:25,920 Speaker 3: Second Sino Japanese War which started in nineteen thirty seven, 270 00:16:26,640 --> 00:16:29,160 Speaker 3: and that conflict drove them out of the big cities 271 00:16:29,200 --> 00:16:33,200 Speaker 3: like Beijing and Nanjing, and they ended up moving around 272 00:16:33,200 --> 00:16:38,120 Speaker 3: the country to smaller cities to escape the conflict. They 273 00:16:38,360 --> 00:16:42,080 Speaker 3: moved to a village after other places, but at a 274 00:16:42,080 --> 00:16:44,480 Speaker 3: certain point they moved to a village called li Jhuang 275 00:16:44,680 --> 00:16:48,520 Speaker 3: in southwest China. That was in nineteen forty and while 276 00:16:48,560 --> 00:16:51,960 Speaker 3: in that village, Lean designed the only home that they 277 00:16:52,240 --> 00:16:56,160 Speaker 3: ever built for themselves near Kumming, But in li Juang, 278 00:16:56,520 --> 00:17:01,920 Speaker 3: they didn't have the best experience there and they were 279 00:17:02,320 --> 00:17:07,240 Speaker 3: living near poverty. So a lot of the buildings that 280 00:17:07,359 --> 00:17:09,640 Speaker 3: have been attributed to Leong. 281 00:17:10,920 --> 00:17:11,400 Speaker 2: Solely. 282 00:17:12,240 --> 00:17:15,000 Speaker 3: Lien also had a hand in designing. One of the 283 00:17:15,000 --> 00:17:17,679 Speaker 3: buildings that she helped with is a railway station in 284 00:17:17,800 --> 00:17:22,320 Speaker 3: Julen that she designed in nineteen twenty eight, and also 285 00:17:22,480 --> 00:17:26,399 Speaker 3: a geology building and a women's dorm at Peking University. 286 00:17:27,080 --> 00:17:31,080 Speaker 3: She also co wrote the book A History of Chinese 287 00:17:31,200 --> 00:17:35,360 Speaker 3: Architecture with Leon. After the war in nineteen forty five, 288 00:17:35,480 --> 00:17:38,879 Speaker 3: Leong went to the US for work, while Lean stayed 289 00:17:38,920 --> 00:17:42,879 Speaker 3: in China with the rest of the family, and eventually 290 00:17:43,000 --> 00:17:48,119 Speaker 3: she and Leong began working at Qinghuan University in Beijing, 291 00:17:48,720 --> 00:17:53,960 Speaker 3: and they designed the national emblem of China as well 292 00:17:54,000 --> 00:17:57,680 Speaker 3: as the Monument to People's Heroes that sent Tianaman Square. 293 00:17:58,760 --> 00:18:01,960 Speaker 3: But they were at odds with the fact that the 294 00:18:02,040 --> 00:18:05,439 Speaker 3: regime wanted to tear down the old There was a 295 00:18:05,520 --> 00:18:14,440 Speaker 3: lot of demolition and tearing down of these old structures, 296 00:18:14,440 --> 00:18:18,720 Speaker 3: while Lean and Leon knew how important it was to 297 00:18:18,920 --> 00:18:26,000 Speaker 3: preserve old structures and tradition. So Lean ended up dying 298 00:18:26,160 --> 00:18:29,800 Speaker 3: of tuberculosis on April first, nineteen fifty five, when she 299 00:18:29,920 --> 00:18:34,480 Speaker 3: was just fifty one years old. Her niece Maya Len 300 00:18:34,920 --> 00:18:40,000 Speaker 3: designed the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington later and Wilma 301 00:18:40,040 --> 00:18:43,400 Speaker 3: Fairbank and Lean Ju, who was Lean's second wife, put 302 00:18:43,440 --> 00:18:47,840 Speaker 3: together a book of their visual and written work called 303 00:18:47,960 --> 00:18:51,760 Speaker 3: A Pictorial History of Chinese Architecture, which was published in 304 00:18:51,840 --> 00:18:57,080 Speaker 3: nineteen eighty four, and there was also a CCTV documentary 305 00:18:57,800 --> 00:19:01,600 Speaker 3: about the couple's life their work that came out that 306 00:19:03,080 --> 00:19:06,280 Speaker 3: can be watched on YouTube now that goes into detail 307 00:19:06,320 --> 00:19:11,040 Speaker 3: about the context of the architecture, what it meant for 308 00:19:11,119 --> 00:19:13,720 Speaker 3: them to do this work that wasn't being done in 309 00:19:13,760 --> 00:19:18,199 Speaker 3: a lot of ways of preserving and finding Chinese architecture 310 00:19:18,200 --> 00:19:24,080 Speaker 3: at a time when these international standards and ideals were 311 00:19:24,200 --> 00:19:29,480 Speaker 3: being spread around the world, but also really taking hold 312 00:19:29,560 --> 00:19:33,440 Speaker 3: in China as well. That is the story of lin Huii. 313 00:19:43,920 --> 00:19:44,800 Speaker 2: I feel like a lot. 314 00:19:44,640 --> 00:19:47,080 Speaker 1: Of times one when we do these, we come out 315 00:19:47,119 --> 00:19:49,159 Speaker 1: and say this should be like this should be a 316 00:19:49,400 --> 00:19:50,760 Speaker 1: mini series, and I think it should be. 317 00:19:50,800 --> 00:19:51,560 Speaker 2: I think great. 318 00:19:52,800 --> 00:19:56,080 Speaker 1: But also I do love when people have these like 319 00:19:56,200 --> 00:20:02,879 Speaker 1: multifaceted interests because that totally makes sense, and you know, 320 00:20:03,040 --> 00:20:06,679 Speaker 1: I feel like a lot of times we mistakenly put 321 00:20:06,920 --> 00:20:10,840 Speaker 1: what we view as like maybe a more technical thing, like. 322 00:20:10,800 --> 00:20:13,760 Speaker 2: It's not creative, like it isn't related to art or 323 00:20:13,800 --> 00:20:14,359 Speaker 2: something like that. 324 00:20:14,440 --> 00:20:16,200 Speaker 1: I did that for a while when I first started 325 00:20:16,240 --> 00:20:18,200 Speaker 1: and I was editing, I thought I was gonna hate it. 326 00:20:18,240 --> 00:20:20,920 Speaker 1: So technically she can be really creative in how you 327 00:20:21,480 --> 00:20:24,719 Speaker 1: do something like that. There is creativity in that, and 328 00:20:24,760 --> 00:20:28,359 Speaker 1: so I love it that we got to see, We 329 00:20:28,400 --> 00:20:30,560 Speaker 1: got to see that she did those things, She did 330 00:20:30,560 --> 00:20:33,840 Speaker 1: all of these different things, and that you brought that 331 00:20:34,440 --> 00:20:37,760 Speaker 1: to us because that is a part of how she 332 00:20:37,840 --> 00:20:39,399 Speaker 1: was creating and how she was thinking. 333 00:20:39,720 --> 00:20:44,080 Speaker 3: Yeah, and they were all intermingled too, because she, you know, 334 00:20:44,240 --> 00:20:47,080 Speaker 3: her written work was also related to her architectural work 335 00:20:47,119 --> 00:20:49,520 Speaker 3: and the things that were happening in her life, so 336 00:20:50,560 --> 00:20:53,560 Speaker 3: it wasn't like they were two distinctly separate things. Her 337 00:20:54,080 --> 00:20:57,119 Speaker 3: writing and obviously her the stage design that she was 338 00:20:57,200 --> 00:21:01,520 Speaker 3: learning about on the drama side, and then also the buildings. 339 00:21:01,840 --> 00:21:07,040 Speaker 3: Also just in general thinking about architecture as an artistic form, 340 00:21:07,440 --> 00:21:09,800 Speaker 3: it is all those things that we were just talking 341 00:21:09,840 --> 00:21:13,560 Speaker 3: about happen in structures and thinking about her being involved 342 00:21:13,560 --> 00:21:15,879 Speaker 3: in designing a building for a dormitory where students are 343 00:21:15,920 --> 00:21:19,080 Speaker 3: creating and able to come to these places and learn 344 00:21:19,119 --> 00:21:21,240 Speaker 3: in the ways that she did. It is also I 345 00:21:21,280 --> 00:21:24,760 Speaker 3: think pretty like cool to think about yeah. 346 00:21:24,880 --> 00:21:27,959 Speaker 1: And I before this, when sam Anthem was having her 347 00:21:28,359 --> 00:21:32,200 Speaker 1: tough time, we were talking about like the human nature 348 00:21:32,240 --> 00:21:35,520 Speaker 1: of you know, struggling over something and wanting to break something. 349 00:21:35,880 --> 00:21:41,560 Speaker 1: I had to take a set design class and an architecture. 350 00:21:40,920 --> 00:21:44,840 Speaker 2: Cost and there were just so many things you have to. 351 00:21:44,800 --> 00:21:46,960 Speaker 1: Think about that I was like, of course, of course 352 00:21:47,000 --> 00:21:48,800 Speaker 1: I should think about that, but I've never had to. 353 00:21:48,920 --> 00:21:54,720 Speaker 1: And I was so, yeah, I gotta get these angles, right, 354 00:21:54,760 --> 00:21:56,399 Speaker 1: I gotta think about those. I gotta think about this. 355 00:21:56,920 --> 00:22:02,360 Speaker 1: So it is, and you're right, it's fun to think 356 00:22:02,400 --> 00:22:04,199 Speaker 1: about it in that way that she was creative, but 357 00:22:04,240 --> 00:22:07,480 Speaker 1: she's also allowing for people to come to spaces to 358 00:22:07,640 --> 00:22:12,280 Speaker 1: be creative by making these things and making them well. 359 00:22:13,080 --> 00:22:15,800 Speaker 1: But also one of my big the things that I 360 00:22:15,840 --> 00:22:17,919 Speaker 1: said at the top, when I was very excited for 361 00:22:17,960 --> 00:22:22,800 Speaker 1: you to come and elucidate things, is that I did 362 00:22:22,880 --> 00:22:27,640 Speaker 1: get confused because her husband, in some sources I would 363 00:22:27,680 --> 00:22:29,640 Speaker 1: read it made it sound like he did the whole thing, 364 00:22:29,720 --> 00:22:33,600 Speaker 1: and then yes, so I just got really like, way, wait, 365 00:22:36,280 --> 00:22:40,800 Speaker 1: And that's the importance of you know, people who were 366 00:22:40,920 --> 00:22:42,960 Speaker 1: doing the work and writing the history and doing it 367 00:22:43,000 --> 00:22:48,240 Speaker 1: well and doing it giving people the accolades they deserve 368 00:22:48,400 --> 00:22:51,680 Speaker 1: and the story telling the story in a way that 369 00:22:52,400 --> 00:22:55,480 Speaker 1: it gives them what they deserve. Because I really I 370 00:22:55,520 --> 00:23:04,600 Speaker 1: got so confused. I was like, wait, what, Yeah. 371 00:23:01,880 --> 00:23:04,760 Speaker 3: That in some instances to it seems like it was 372 00:23:04,800 --> 00:23:09,200 Speaker 3: a matter of what women could even have be attributed 373 00:23:09,280 --> 00:23:12,160 Speaker 3: to them. So it was a matter of what society 374 00:23:12,240 --> 00:23:18,240 Speaker 3: deemed acceptable, and it wasn't just a nefarious neglect of 375 00:23:19,119 --> 00:23:21,520 Speaker 3: attributing things to her. It was like, well, we can't 376 00:23:21,520 --> 00:23:24,720 Speaker 3: say you're a partner in this operation. You're a woman, 377 00:23:26,000 --> 00:23:30,240 Speaker 3: this agreements friend to me, so you know, we can't 378 00:23:30,280 --> 00:23:34,080 Speaker 3: say that, but you know she was. 379 00:23:34,840 --> 00:23:35,760 Speaker 2: And I think over. 380 00:23:35,600 --> 00:23:40,800 Speaker 3: Time our understanding of that through the discovery and uncovering 381 00:23:41,000 --> 00:23:45,520 Speaker 3: of their work, through people like the Fairbanks and their 382 00:23:46,920 --> 00:23:49,679 Speaker 3: children and their children's children and nieces and things like 383 00:23:49,720 --> 00:23:52,480 Speaker 3: that to be able to talk about it, and the 384 00:23:52,520 --> 00:23:56,080 Speaker 3: work of other scholars and researchers to understand how much 385 00:23:56,119 --> 00:23:58,920 Speaker 3: of a hand Lean actually did have in it, even 386 00:23:59,000 --> 00:24:02,679 Speaker 3: though her name may have been purposely left off of 387 00:24:03,040 --> 00:24:07,840 Speaker 3: documentation and record keeping because of the standards of the day. 388 00:24:09,200 --> 00:24:12,000 Speaker 3: So I think that's being rectified in real time. 389 00:24:12,440 --> 00:24:15,000 Speaker 1: Yeah, and that's wonderful to see you, but it's also 390 00:24:15,160 --> 00:24:19,560 Speaker 1: kind of fascinating. Like I wonder if you, you know, 391 00:24:19,640 --> 00:24:21,240 Speaker 1: have the eye for it, how you can be like, 392 00:24:21,280 --> 00:24:23,400 Speaker 1: even if her name is not on it, you're like, no, 393 00:24:23,480 --> 00:24:26,920 Speaker 1: she she was behind us or something like that. But yeah, 394 00:24:26,960 --> 00:24:29,520 Speaker 1: I also think it's a great reminder of both the 395 00:24:29,560 --> 00:24:34,680 Speaker 1: importance of context and always wondering about your sources, just never. 396 00:24:34,640 --> 00:24:39,360 Speaker 2: Taking things for granted. It's always a good remind yea. 397 00:24:39,600 --> 00:24:42,159 Speaker 4: So she now called them mother of architects. As we 398 00:24:42,200 --> 00:24:43,760 Speaker 4: have the father, we should have the mother. 399 00:24:43,920 --> 00:24:49,000 Speaker 3: Yeah, maybe do you think we should do that, Samantha, Shit, we. 400 00:24:49,000 --> 00:24:50,439 Speaker 4: Call her the mother something? 401 00:24:50,640 --> 00:24:51,119 Speaker 2: The parents? 402 00:24:51,160 --> 00:24:51,920 Speaker 4: Can we just call them. 403 00:24:52,119 --> 00:25:00,760 Speaker 2: Parents like that? The parents of modern architect sure in China. 404 00:25:01,000 --> 00:25:03,720 Speaker 4: Chinese are Yeah, And it's so funny. We actually talked 405 00:25:03,720 --> 00:25:05,760 Speaker 4: about the niece and because I was like, this name 406 00:25:05,840 --> 00:25:09,280 Speaker 4: sounds familiar, why am I like? And then I was like, oh, yeah, 407 00:25:09,320 --> 00:25:10,960 Speaker 4: we briefly mentioned. 408 00:25:10,600 --> 00:25:14,920 Speaker 3: Her, yeah, bab yeah yeah, so she followed in the footsteps. 409 00:25:15,000 --> 00:25:17,280 Speaker 4: Yeah, and her niece's work is awesome, Like you start 410 00:25:17,320 --> 00:25:20,399 Speaker 4: looking at the context and then the love like cross 411 00:25:20,400 --> 00:25:23,560 Speaker 4: cultural love and activism that they both yeah shared, It 412 00:25:23,600 --> 00:25:24,560 Speaker 4: is kind of it's nice to see. 413 00:25:24,680 --> 00:25:28,120 Speaker 2: Yeah, that just keeps going exactly yeah. 414 00:25:28,640 --> 00:25:31,080 Speaker 1: Yeah. That did also add to my confusion though, because 415 00:25:31,080 --> 00:25:32,680 Speaker 1: I was like, wait, a lot of people were talking 416 00:25:32,680 --> 00:25:36,320 Speaker 1: about this niece, just trying to get to this story, 417 00:25:36,400 --> 00:25:40,320 Speaker 1: what's going on? But no, it's what's really cool. So 418 00:25:40,400 --> 00:25:44,000 Speaker 1: thank you Eaves as always for illuminating us and bringing 419 00:25:44,040 --> 00:25:46,880 Speaker 1: this to us and just hanging out. It's always sad 420 00:25:46,920 --> 00:25:49,600 Speaker 1: to like to see you. You're welcome, Yes, always get 421 00:25:49,600 --> 00:25:54,400 Speaker 1: to be here. Yes, I look forward to next time. 422 00:25:54,440 --> 00:25:57,120 Speaker 1: But in the meantime, where can the good listeners find you? 423 00:25:57,119 --> 00:26:01,000 Speaker 3: You can find me on Instagram at not apollog. You 424 00:26:01,080 --> 00:26:03,520 Speaker 3: can also just go to my website, which is Eve's 425 00:26:03,560 --> 00:26:07,879 Speaker 3: jeffcot dot com. That's spelled y v E s j 426 00:26:08,080 --> 00:26:11,399 Speaker 3: E F F C O A t dot com and 427 00:26:11,560 --> 00:26:13,240 Speaker 3: you can get to all the other things from there. 428 00:26:13,480 --> 00:26:15,919 Speaker 3: You could also hear me on many previous episodes of 429 00:26:16,040 --> 00:26:22,040 Speaker 3: Sminty on femail first talking about other women in history. 430 00:26:22,160 --> 00:26:25,200 Speaker 2: Who had long and storied lives. 431 00:26:25,760 --> 00:26:28,119 Speaker 1: Yes, well, I hope you get your nap and you 432 00:26:28,200 --> 00:26:28,920 Speaker 1: have your Friday. 433 00:26:29,119 --> 00:26:32,440 Speaker 2: Thank you. Yes, we're in your corner. 434 00:26:33,920 --> 00:26:36,160 Speaker 1: And listeners, if you'd like to contact us, you can 435 00:26:36,560 --> 00:26:39,639 Speaker 1: Our email is stuff Media Mom Stuff at iHeartMedia dot com. 436 00:26:39,760 --> 00:26:41,680 Speaker 1: You can find us on Twitter at most Stuff podcast, 437 00:26:41,840 --> 00:26:43,639 Speaker 1: or on Instagram and TikTok at Stuff. 438 00:26:43,640 --> 00:26:44,280 Speaker 2: I've Never told you. 439 00:26:44,480 --> 00:26:46,240 Speaker 1: We have a tea public store and we have a book. 440 00:26:46,440 --> 00:26:49,080 Speaker 1: You can get it Stuff You should read books dot com. 441 00:26:49,200 --> 00:26:51,680 Speaker 1: Thanks as always to our super producer Christina, our executive 442 00:26:51,680 --> 00:26:53,600 Speaker 1: producer Maya, and our contributor Joey. 443 00:26:53,760 --> 00:26:54,680 Speaker 2: Thank you and. 444 00:26:54,640 --> 00:26:56,639 Speaker 1: Thanks to you for listening. Steffan never told you use 445 00:26:56,640 --> 00:26:58,480 Speaker 1: a protection by Heart Radio. For more podcast from my 446 00:26:58,480 --> 00:27:00,400 Speaker 1: Heart Radio, you can check out the iHeartRadio up Apple 447 00:27:00,400 --> 00:27:11,359 Speaker 1: podcast wherever you listen to your favorite shows. H