WEBVTT - How LEGOs Work 0:00:00.280 --> 0:00:02.840 Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera. 0:00:03.160 --> 0:00:07.520 It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff you Should Know 0:00:08.119 --> 0:00:16.400 from House Stuff Works dot com. Hey, and welcome to 0:00:16.440 --> 0:00:20.680 the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. Chuck Bryant 0:00:20.720 --> 0:00:23.680 with his hair looking mighty fine. Today is a good 0:00:23.680 --> 0:00:27.840 hair day. Yeah, oh, it's a great hair day. Thanks man. Yeah, 0:00:27.960 --> 0:00:31.480 you're doing great. You're feeling good, pet people energy and happy. 0:00:32.200 --> 0:00:37.400 My hair is happy, yeah, Chuck, Josh, Hey man, let's 0:00:37.440 --> 0:00:43.200 before we get started, we should plug Facebook, Twitter and 0:00:43.440 --> 0:00:49.360 your mom's cooking. Uh, my mom's cooking is great. Facebook. 0:00:49.520 --> 0:00:51.720 You can find us at Stuff you Should Know in 0:00:51.760 --> 0:00:55.560 the search bar, and we're personally interacting. Now. It's not 0:00:56.040 --> 0:00:59.160 a ghost writer, it's not it's not a net bot. 0:00:59.720 --> 0:01:01.959 And you'll be able to tell because it's clearly our 0:01:02.160 --> 0:01:05.560 silly and a in voices. Yeah, and we chuck started 0:01:05.600 --> 0:01:08.320 the trend that solved a big problem of saying, hey, 0:01:08.400 --> 0:01:11.959 Chuck here because our profile pictures the album art for 0:01:11.959 --> 0:01:14.240 our podcast. I don't want people to get what we're 0:01:14.280 --> 0:01:17.200 saying confused, but me, my words are my words. I 0:01:17.240 --> 0:01:19.120 don't want them to be like I didn't know Josh 0:01:19.240 --> 0:01:22.920 was an old crotchety man. Yeah, he's just a young jerk. 0:01:23.360 --> 0:01:26.880 I didn't know Chuck was in a fight club. Um. 0:01:26.920 --> 0:01:29.440 So that's Facebook, and we already had a page, but 0:01:29.520 --> 0:01:31.480 we consolidated him. If you were a fan of the 0:01:31.520 --> 0:01:34.600 old page, they ain't around anymore. Joined the new one, 0:01:34.640 --> 0:01:37.840 will you. Let's get with it and Twitter. We're tweeting 0:01:38.400 --> 0:01:41.959 at s y s K. Podcast is the name of 0:01:41.959 --> 0:01:45.720 our account and should be funny and fun and I'm 0:01:45.760 --> 0:01:48.920 trying to follow Cocoa's lead. Oh yeah, well I was 0:01:48.920 --> 0:01:51.040 anti Twitter until I saw Comen O'Brien's I think I 0:01:51.120 --> 0:01:52.840 told you that, and they were just they were funny, 0:01:52.840 --> 0:01:54.520 and I thought, you know what, I could do that? Yeah, 0:01:54.560 --> 0:01:57.680 well of course you can. You're Chuck Bryant characters. I 0:01:57.680 --> 0:02:00.880 can do that. Yeah, we're t he in sixty pal 0:02:01.440 --> 0:02:03.360 that was it. I don't know and I will figure 0:02:03.400 --> 0:02:04.840 it out alright when it cuts me off in the 0:02:04.840 --> 0:02:07.000 middle of the sentence. Alright, So we're doing with plug 0:02:07.040 --> 0:02:13.000 Fest two thousand ten, right, okay, Chuck, Josh, Mr Jake 0:02:13.080 --> 0:02:20.519 Jillen Hall. He uh, he's finally arrived. Donnie Darko himself. Yeah, 0:02:20.120 --> 0:02:23.320 h much to his chagrin. He was not a member 0:02:23.320 --> 0:02:25.880 of the cast of the Fine Fine Picture Hot Tub 0:02:25.919 --> 0:02:30.720 Time Machine, but he was cast in the starring role 0:02:30.800 --> 0:02:33.960 for Prince of Persia the Sands of Time or something. Right, Yeah, 0:02:34.000 --> 0:02:35.720 I saw the trailer for that the other day. As 0:02:35.760 --> 0:02:39.079 a result, Mr Gillen Hall will now have his own 0:02:39.280 --> 0:02:42.760 Lego Mini figure. Well, and as a result, he's very 0:02:42.840 --> 0:02:46.280 buff now you see it. He got all the jacked 0:02:46.360 --> 0:02:49.440 up for the for the role as the Prince of Persia. Yeah, 0:02:49.440 --> 0:02:52.040 but again, what we're focusing on here is the Lego 0:02:52.080 --> 0:02:55.240 Mini figure. Well, but is the Mini figure buff? It 0:02:55.280 --> 0:02:59.600 has stubble and there's something of a resemblance to Hi, 0:02:59.600 --> 0:03:02.120 which is that really kind of a new trend among 0:03:02.280 --> 0:03:05.919 Legos really to look like the thing or to just 0:03:06.200 --> 0:03:10.519 be branded like that. Well both they started branding or 0:03:10.600 --> 0:03:16.160 working with licensed brands with Star Wars and they were like, oh, 0:03:16.280 --> 0:03:18.480 we don't know, this kind of goes against our corporate 0:03:18.480 --> 0:03:22.000 philosophy letting kids use their imagination. All of a sudden, 0:03:22.040 --> 0:03:25.400 sales weren't through the roof. And they're like, yeah, okay, 0:03:25.440 --> 0:03:27.240 so this is what this is the way we put 0:03:27.280 --> 0:03:30.320 it now. Uh, we let kids imaginations run wild with 0:03:30.360 --> 0:03:34.960 the added element of storytelling. So which is cool? Lego Lego, 0:03:35.200 --> 0:03:38.119 the Lego Group is what they're called. From what I understand, 0:03:38.120 --> 0:03:40.520 it is a pretty great company, to tell you the truth. 0:03:40.640 --> 0:03:42.560 And we should say, well, this is a no way, 0:03:43.120 --> 0:03:46.120 in no way our Chuck and I Wilfer Brimley esque 0:03:46.240 --> 0:03:49.760 compensated endorsers. Yeah, when we do a brand name like this, 0:03:50.160 --> 0:03:52.880 don't don't think that we're we're shilling because we just 0:03:52.960 --> 0:03:56.280 have chosen some of these iconic brands to cover because 0:03:56.320 --> 0:03:58.920 I think it's interesting. It's part of pop culture, it's 0:03:58.960 --> 0:04:01.440 part of who we are, and people seem to dig it. Yeah. 0:04:01.640 --> 0:04:04.520 So anyway, now we're not getting rich off the Legos unfortunately. 0:04:04.600 --> 0:04:07.720 So to answer your question, Um, they started doing the branded, 0:04:07.840 --> 0:04:12.000 the licensing, branding sets like Star Wars. I think that 0:04:12.000 --> 0:04:14.800 there was their first big hit. Indiana Jones was another 0:04:14.840 --> 0:04:19.159 big hit. Harry Potter obviously, but um, it wasn't until 0:04:19.200 --> 0:04:23.800 they started, um and until they released the Lego basketball set. 0:04:23.920 --> 0:04:27.200 They started messing with skin tone. Up until that point, 0:04:27.279 --> 0:04:29.599 if you had a Lego character, even if it was 0:04:29.640 --> 0:04:33.760 based on somebody, um, it was yellow. And they for 0:04:33.800 --> 0:04:36.200 a while there, they were a sexual right, they were 0:04:36.960 --> 0:04:40.800 neither male nor female. Right. In four when they released 0:04:40.800 --> 0:04:44.039 the first figures, they had a neutral facial expression. They 0:04:44.080 --> 0:04:49.120 were genderless and race less, but in a in a 0:04:49.200 --> 0:04:53.400 kind of a backhanded nod to women. The female character 0:04:53.560 --> 0:04:57.280 was the first gender specific character introduced, wait for it, 0:04:57.880 --> 0:05:02.200 as a nurse, yeah, for their hospital play set. Right, Yeah, 0:05:02.279 --> 0:05:06.320 because there's no such thing as male nurses. Right. Yeah? Interesting? Yeah, 0:05:06.360 --> 0:05:09.000 well that was better than at least they made her 0:05:09.040 --> 0:05:10.840 a working woman, and they didn't say the first one 0:05:10.920 --> 0:05:14.880 is you know, Betty homemaker, right, or a homeless person. Yeah, 0:05:17.160 --> 0:05:20.160 let's start at the at the begin we got plenty 0:05:20.160 --> 0:05:24.960 of This is a stat heavy extravaganza. Yeah. Yeah, Chuck's 0:05:25.000 --> 0:05:27.599 all excited. That's why your hair looks so good. It's 0:05:27.640 --> 0:05:32.080 standing up in excitement. Uh. Legos, Josh, like you said, 0:05:32.120 --> 0:05:35.800 the Lego group, they employed about five thousand people. They 0:05:35.839 --> 0:05:38.880 got about a hundred and fifty designers of eighteen nationalities 0:05:38.880 --> 0:05:42.240 on their team, and they began way back in nineteen 0:05:42.320 --> 0:05:46.320 thirty two. And I love this guy's name, Old Kirk Christensen. Yeah, 0:05:46.320 --> 0:05:48.839 and his first name is O. L. E. Yeah, but 0:05:49.160 --> 0:05:51.960 we are we've decided to refer to him as Old 0:05:52.000 --> 0:05:55.200 Kirk Christensen, Old Kirk Christensen, do you remember when we 0:05:55.240 --> 0:05:58.000 went to Tamburg and we found out one of their 0:05:58.080 --> 0:06:01.400 vice president's name was Odd John. We're like, this is 0:06:01.440 --> 0:06:04.760 the most punk rock telecommunications firm. We never well, no, 0:06:05.000 --> 0:06:07.960 it's that Odd is actually a very common name in 0:06:08.200 --> 0:06:13.039 in uh Norwegian countries. Wait wait, let me just double 0:06:13.120 --> 0:06:17.520 check my facts. Is Denmark Norwegian country? Yeah, we got 0:06:17.520 --> 0:06:20.120 that wrong with another ones and we heard about it. Yeah, 0:06:20.160 --> 0:06:22.760 we did. That's a in podcast correction. We don't usually 0:06:22.800 --> 0:06:26.520 do that, so Old Kirk Christensen. Yes, he comes up 0:06:26.640 --> 0:06:30.560 from Denmark, from bill and Denmark, which is where the 0:06:30.880 --> 0:06:34.359 corporate headquarters still are. Yeah, the first Lego land is 0:06:34.400 --> 0:06:37.680 still there, that's right. Um. He at first joshed me 0:06:37.800 --> 0:06:40.800 things out of wood, wooden toys and things like that, 0:06:40.880 --> 0:06:44.080 little ladders, and he did so until nineteen sixty when 0:06:44.120 --> 0:06:47.279 the warehouse burned was destroyed in the fire. And I 0:06:47.320 --> 0:06:49.880 thought it was then that he said. It would have 0:06:49.920 --> 0:06:51.920 been a much better story if he would have said, oh, 0:06:51.960 --> 0:06:56.440 I need to work with plastic now, but that's plastic inflammable. Yeah, 0:06:56.480 --> 0:07:00.200 because he uh, he started working with plastic long before that. Um, 0:07:00.440 --> 0:07:06.000 and I think nineteen seven plastic not coincidentally, that's the 0:07:06.080 --> 0:07:09.400 year that his son took over. Yeah, and his son 0:07:09.520 --> 0:07:13.000 started saying, we need to plastics, it's the way of 0:07:13.040 --> 0:07:18.000 the future, and they started tinkering around with legos, right well, yeah, 0:07:18.040 --> 0:07:20.720 the first one, the first thing they made in was 0:07:20.760 --> 0:07:23.680 the automated binding brick and that was kind of like 0:07:24.280 --> 0:07:27.720 the first modern Lego brick, but it didn't have the tubes. 0:07:27.760 --> 0:07:29.720 We'll get to the construction in a minute, but it 0:07:29.760 --> 0:07:31.760 didn't have the tubes, a little interior tube, so it 0:07:31.800 --> 0:07:34.120 wasn't things weren't a stable, so it was sort of 0:07:34.160 --> 0:07:38.480 like just the beta version, right, um, but what was 0:07:38.520 --> 0:07:43.440 it Night? That's when they came up with the current design. 0:07:43.760 --> 0:07:46.560 It's called studding tube coupling system, which, like you said, 0:07:46.560 --> 0:07:49.040 we'll describe in a second. But the cool thing about 0:07:49.040 --> 0:07:51.080 it is it hasn't changed since then. And so if 0:07:51.120 --> 0:07:53.600 you have a brick that was made night and you 0:07:53.680 --> 0:07:57.160 go buy a set today, they'll work together. That is 0:07:57.200 --> 0:07:59.280 I think one of the cooler facts of this whole thing. 0:07:59.360 --> 0:08:03.480 I got one for what's the term lego is actually 0:08:03.840 --> 0:08:09.400 uh an abbreviation of two Danish words, right, leg and goot, 0:08:09.920 --> 0:08:13.760 which put together means play well, So he combined the 0:08:13.800 --> 0:08:18.320 two into Lego. What old Kirk Christensen didn't know was 0:08:18.360 --> 0:08:23.040 that lego in Latin actually means I put together. Really, 0:08:23.120 --> 0:08:25.760 he had no idea, and I bet people think that's 0:08:25.800 --> 0:08:30.240 why he named it. That look at you, josh at 0:08:30.280 --> 0:08:34.000 you so h like I said, or like you said, 0:08:34.040 --> 0:08:37.040 was when they kind of finished the design of the 0:08:37.080 --> 0:08:40.240 modern brick and the rest is history. In the in 0:08:40.320 --> 0:08:46.040 the sixties and seventies, they started introducing other other facets 0:08:46.120 --> 0:08:49.520 to the to the Legos besides just the brick. For instance, 0:08:49.920 --> 0:08:55.360 the Lego technique technique but not technique. It's really technic, 0:08:56.520 --> 0:09:01.080 you know what I'm saying. I'm reading between the lines. 0:09:01.120 --> 0:09:04.480 It hit the market in seventy seven, and uh Mine 0:09:04.559 --> 0:09:08.080 Storms Robots made their debut in ninety eight, and that 0:09:08.160 --> 0:09:11.880 was actually a collaboration with m I T the Technology 0:09:11.920 --> 0:09:14.480 Media Lab there. Yeah, in the eighties, right eighty four 0:09:14.559 --> 0:09:17.480 or something. Uh no, late nineties. I think they got 0:09:17.520 --> 0:09:20.120 together with a starting in like eighty four. Then maybe 0:09:20.120 --> 0:09:22.760 it took that long. Yeah, I could see that. Yeah. 0:09:23.400 --> 0:09:25.400 And also their designers. You would think that all of 0:09:25.400 --> 0:09:28.600 their designers have art school backgrounds or some sort of 0:09:28.920 --> 0:09:33.560 engineering design backgrounds, not necessarily true, my friend. While most 0:09:33.559 --> 0:09:36.320 of their designers do have that, the company says that 0:09:36.480 --> 0:09:39.480 all designers are hired based on their hands on work 0:09:40.120 --> 0:09:43.320 and a face to face interview, And you don't necessarily 0:09:43.320 --> 0:09:45.840 have to have an art background. If you are a 0:09:45.920 --> 0:09:49.760 natural Lego place at designer, that's what you are. Yeah, 0:09:50.400 --> 0:09:51.600 that means you and I could go and try and 0:09:51.600 --> 0:09:53.440 do that. Let's let's give it a shot. We may 0:09:53.480 --> 0:09:57.000 have to, so, Chuck. Over the years, you just spanned 0:09:57.040 --> 0:10:00.360 a few decades. You know, Legos were named Toy of 0:10:00.360 --> 0:10:03.160 the twentieth Century by Fortune magazine in two thousand. Yah, 0:10:03.160 --> 0:10:05.120 I saw that. Yeah, good for them too. Did you 0:10:05.120 --> 0:10:09.000 have Legos? Oh? Yeah, of course I didn't. What I know. 0:10:09.520 --> 0:10:11.439 You know what's funny is I noticed that they're only 0:10:11.480 --> 0:10:13.840 sold in the hundred and thirty countries. I did a 0:10:13.840 --> 0:10:21.160 little background check, Chuck, right, Um, it's not unequal access 0:10:21.320 --> 0:10:26.280 to sanitary drinking water that keeps underdeveloped countries underdeveloped. Turns 0:10:26.280 --> 0:10:29.520 out it's lack of an access to legos. Is that 0:10:29.559 --> 0:10:31.439 what it is? Yeah? Well, they teach you how to 0:10:31.480 --> 0:10:34.839 build and construct things and play together. That's all you're 0:10:34.880 --> 0:10:36.839 all thumbs today, isn't it. Yeah? I mean I was 0:10:36.880 --> 0:10:39.680 into Lincoln logs and because you know, I was born 0:10:39.679 --> 0:10:42.800 in the nineteen thirties and log cabins were how we 0:10:42.840 --> 0:10:45.640 had to do things back in my day. And then 0:10:46.200 --> 0:10:50.360 I had an erector set, which was pretty awesome. Yeah. 0:10:50.400 --> 0:10:52.640 I never get into a directors set. Yeah, that was fun. 0:10:52.679 --> 0:10:53.960 I was kind of been. I was like, look at 0:10:53.960 --> 0:10:56.640 all those Gears employees, what is this? And hot wheels. 0:10:56.679 --> 0:10:59.720 I just want to snap box together hot wheel model cars. 0:10:59.720 --> 0:11:02.959 I was into model cars. Yeah. I would get them 0:11:03.000 --> 0:11:05.120 and I would then destroy them at some point later 0:11:05.160 --> 0:11:08.680 on with firecrackers and stuff. We're not recommending that you 0:11:08.720 --> 0:11:12.000 do that, No, we're not. It's very dangerous. So I 0:11:12.040 --> 0:11:14.560 was saying you you spanned several decades when you gave 0:11:14.559 --> 0:11:18.360 those stats, and in the meantime people have come up with, um, 0:11:18.400 --> 0:11:21.199 some pretty cool uses of Legos have done some pretty 0:11:21.200 --> 0:11:24.480 cool things with them. There is if you go onto YouTube, 0:11:25.240 --> 0:11:29.720 there is a thriller done in Legos, all fourteen minutes 0:11:29.800 --> 0:11:32.920 shot for shot, and it was clearly done in like 0:11:32.960 --> 0:11:36.240 an old like sixteen millimeter camera and it hasn't made 0:11:36.280 --> 0:11:39.079 the jump to digital all that well, but still it's 0:11:39.080 --> 0:11:41.480 pretty impressive. There's some Star Wars stuff on there I've 0:11:41.480 --> 0:11:45.400 seen recreated definitely. Did you know there's a Boba fette 0:11:45.480 --> 0:11:49.040 Lego character. I didn't know that, but it didn't dude 0:11:49.080 --> 0:11:55.760 and Chewbacca, Well there should be icons um in I 0:11:55.800 --> 0:12:00.560 think two thousand eight, Lego and Kellogg's combined shared the 0:12:00.679 --> 0:12:06.080 Blindingly Obvious Danger Award from Consumers International for producing the 0:12:06.200 --> 0:12:08.960 Lego fund snacks, which are gummy fruit choose that look 0:12:09.080 --> 0:12:12.560 exactly like Lego black. Yeah, that's that's like the bag 0:12:12.600 --> 0:12:17.160 of glass from the old right, Yeah, or the super 0:12:17.400 --> 0:12:20.800 Happy fun Ball Yeah yeah, um, and so of course 0:12:20.800 --> 0:12:23.040 those were discontinued in two thousand and eight. Yeah, that's 0:12:23.080 --> 0:12:25.000 not a very good idea. And there was a guy 0:12:25.080 --> 0:12:27.040 out there who's actually in the article and there's a 0:12:27.040 --> 0:12:29.480 cool picture of it in the article. Who created the 0:12:29.600 --> 0:12:35.480 um a life size replica of Han Solo frozen in carbonite. Yeah. 0:12:35.640 --> 0:12:37.679 I got info on that guy, do you really? Yeah, 0:12:37.720 --> 0:12:40.440 he's he's a real artist. Yeah he is, you can tell. Yeah, 0:12:40.480 --> 0:12:43.240 we'll get to him later too. That okay. Um. And 0:12:43.280 --> 0:12:48.880 then lastly, Chuck mc escher relativity. Yeah, you know, the 0:12:48.960 --> 0:12:51.960 steps going different, the startas that he did it in 0:12:52.080 --> 0:12:58.000 Legos It is amazing see. That's impressive to me. What 0:12:58.800 --> 0:13:05.120 come on, hand, strong hands? Please? Can you disappoint me today? 0:13:05.360 --> 0:13:07.440 That's all right, I'm just over it. How many times 0:13:07.480 --> 0:13:13.040 can I see that stair thing? You know what? Each 0:13:13.040 --> 0:13:15.280 time you gaze upon it, you're still like riveted, aren't you? Do? 0:13:15.320 --> 0:13:22.040 You know the incredibly disordered or highly ordered brain structure 0:13:22.160 --> 0:13:26.200 requires to see things in that kind of perspective. That's amazing. 0:13:26.280 --> 0:13:28.760 It's not I'm not saying he's a dummy. I'm just 0:13:28.840 --> 0:13:32.760 tired of looking at it. I think we should talk 0:13:32.760 --> 0:13:35.160 about how lego bricks are made. It's a good idea, 0:13:35.800 --> 0:13:39.319 Uh josh. They start out with plastic granules as a 0:13:39.320 --> 0:13:47.000 little plastic, yeah, plastic. It is Acra Loni trial Beautadine 0:13:47.360 --> 0:13:50.560 styrene or ABS. We'll call it a BS, and a 0:13:50.640 --> 0:13:54.000 b S comes to the factory, well, we'll call it factory. 0:13:54.000 --> 0:13:58.600 It's a manufacturing facility um in in drows. I have 0:13:58.679 --> 0:14:02.000 fourteen silos that it are. These things are vacuumed into 0:14:02.000 --> 0:14:05.560 these silos and all in all a factory has a 0:14:05.720 --> 0:14:09.720 close to a million pounds of this granulated plastic, right, 0:14:09.720 --> 0:14:12.360 and all the plastic has already died, so they've got 0:14:12.360 --> 0:14:14.680 fifty two different colors. Yeah, they don't need to worry 0:14:14.679 --> 0:14:17.240 about all that. You wouldn't want to have to color 0:14:17.280 --> 0:14:21.640 it there too. I wonder where that's made initially interesting. 0:14:21.760 --> 0:14:23.720 I don't know, but I did a little background check 0:14:23.880 --> 0:14:26.520 and a B S is actually a very safe plastic. 0:14:26.640 --> 0:14:31.640 It doesn't contain thouts or bispin als. Well. Yeah, because kids, 0:14:32.040 --> 0:14:34.040 despite everything you tell them, are probably gonna put a 0:14:34.080 --> 0:14:35.560 lego in their mouth at one point or not, whether 0:14:35.600 --> 0:14:38.520 it's a lego or a lego fruit too. Right, I 0:14:38.520 --> 0:14:41.400 could see that meeting though. I sort of see it like, boy, 0:14:41.400 --> 0:14:43.320 it's really unsafe to eat these, but they want to 0:14:43.360 --> 0:14:45.240 eat them, so let's just give them when they can eat. 0:14:45.680 --> 0:14:50.960 And then after they're like, oh, Jerry put in like 0:14:51.040 --> 0:14:54.640 a sound effect of somebody slapping their own forehead. So 0:14:54.840 --> 0:14:58.720 what happens from here, buddy, is they take these granules 0:14:58.720 --> 0:15:02.280 and they use a process called injection molding and some 0:15:02.560 --> 0:15:05.240 it's all this is machinery pretty much, of course, and 0:15:05.280 --> 0:15:09.160 they melt the stuff down fifty degrees. Yeah, they're not 0:15:09.200 --> 0:15:13.560 made by hand. Is that a surprise? Right? The four 0:15:14.080 --> 0:15:17.400 degrees it melts the plastic, it injects it into the 0:15:17.440 --> 0:15:21.400 molds and applies between twenty and a d fifty tons 0:15:21.640 --> 0:15:24.880 of pressure. Right. The cool thing is it's these the 0:15:25.000 --> 0:15:28.440 dyes that they use to the injection molds that they use. 0:15:28.840 --> 0:15:32.480 The machining process is so precise. The most it's off 0:15:33.040 --> 0:15:37.240 is zero point zero zero two millimeters, which is relatively 0:15:37.240 --> 0:15:40.280 insignificant for the kind of um the kind of coupling 0:15:40.320 --> 0:15:43.760 system that Lego has used. But first, let's talk about robots. 0:15:44.280 --> 0:15:46.280 I thought you were good about to drop the knowledge 0:15:46.320 --> 0:15:48.480 there on that oats do it. You're talking about the 0:15:48.520 --> 0:15:51.400 interference fit. Yeah, that's what it's called, Josh. It is 0:15:52.320 --> 0:15:55.760 a tube that sticks. I'm sorry that the stud sticks 0:15:55.760 --> 0:15:58.880 into the tube, but it's slightly bigger, which is key 0:15:58.960 --> 0:16:01.880 because that means that presses it apart and allows it 0:16:01.920 --> 0:16:05.480 to stay together using friction. Right. And the the key 0:16:05.520 --> 0:16:07.920 to this chuck is you don't need any kind of fastener. 0:16:07.960 --> 0:16:11.160 It's all friction. It's all resistance. Uh. And that was 0:16:11.240 --> 0:16:14.760 that change in design that they achieved in nine eight. 0:16:14.880 --> 0:16:18.680 Before it was it lacked the tubes, I think, so 0:16:18.760 --> 0:16:21.640 that things would fall apart pretty easy. Now it's like 0:16:21.800 --> 0:16:24.840 once a Lego stuck, brother, it's stuck, well until you 0:16:24.880 --> 0:16:27.800 take it apart exactly. But I mean, think of how 0:16:27.800 --> 0:16:30.560 many pounds of pressure you have to use to overcome 0:16:30.640 --> 0:16:33.520 that friction fit. Yeah, that's true. It's a lot, like 0:16:33.600 --> 0:16:37.000 at least two that's true. So where were we pressure? 0:16:37.040 --> 0:16:39.320 They apply all that pressure, makes it into the little mold, 0:16:39.320 --> 0:16:42.480 takes only seven seconds and they spit it out. Cool. 0:16:42.520 --> 0:16:45.440 It goes into a conveyor, into a ben, goes from 0:16:45.440 --> 0:16:48.360 a bin into the packaging. We could get specific there, 0:16:48.400 --> 0:16:50.000 but it's not the most interesting thing in the world. 0:16:50.080 --> 0:16:51.960 I think the cool thing is is um they have 0:16:52.600 --> 0:16:56.080 robots that way the packages. The reason when you get 0:16:56.080 --> 0:17:00.400 a Lego set, you get different bags, right, because these 0:17:00.400 --> 0:17:02.920 designers have said, we need X number of these blocks 0:17:02.960 --> 0:17:05.239 and next number of these blocks, and they put them 0:17:05.240 --> 0:17:08.320 in different bags so that you can just throw these 0:17:08.560 --> 0:17:12.359 um this prescribed assortment of of bags in a box 0:17:12.400 --> 0:17:14.399 and there's your place set. Right. And then they have 0:17:14.480 --> 0:17:16.840 robots that way the bags before packaging to make sure 0:17:16.880 --> 0:17:19.280 they weigh the precise amount. Pretty cool. And if they don't, 0:17:19.800 --> 0:17:22.840 that's when humans come in. Yeah, humans come in and 0:17:23.080 --> 0:17:26.240 do a little q A along with machines. Machines perform 0:17:26.320 --> 0:17:31.560 the drop torque, tension compression bite and impact tests and humans. 0:17:31.640 --> 0:17:34.919 The Bye test is my favorite. Humans. He's a little beaker. 0:17:35.600 --> 0:17:39.840 I guess the size of a child's epiglottis maybe to 0:17:39.920 --> 0:17:42.639 make sure that it can't um a piece, can't, you know, 0:17:42.720 --> 0:17:45.280 choke a kid to death, because that's a really important 0:17:45.320 --> 0:17:48.119 step in this whole process. Definitely, And the tests, and 0:17:48.359 --> 0:17:50.440 one of my favorite stats, Josh is, out of every 0:17:50.480 --> 0:17:56.240 million Lego pieces made, only about eighteen failed these tests. 0:17:56.960 --> 0:18:02.800 That is point zero zero zero two. No, yes, point 0:18:02.960 --> 0:18:06.960 zero zero zero two. I see four zeros. Yeah, you 0:18:07.000 --> 0:18:09.560 said three and I said four. No, you said three 0:18:09.720 --> 0:18:20.680 zero zero zero zero two. And the castle walls are counterclockwise. Uh. 0:18:20.720 --> 0:18:23.480 And this, like you said, Josh, takes place in bill 0:18:23.560 --> 0:18:25.760 and Denmark. But they have they moved a lot of 0:18:25.800 --> 0:18:28.639 their manufacturing to the Czech Republic because they were kind 0:18:28.640 --> 0:18:32.240 of losing money there and laying people off and after 0:18:32.280 --> 0:18:34.000 the mid nineties, and so they had to make a 0:18:34.040 --> 0:18:36.880 little cheaper and I guess labor whatever is cheaper over 0:18:36.920 --> 0:18:40.160 there in in the Czech Republic must be I guess. 0:18:40.400 --> 0:18:43.040 So that's why it's there now. So check they're making 0:18:43.080 --> 0:18:47.840 a thirty seven thousand Lego sets every hour. Sets sets, 0:18:47.920 --> 0:18:52.320 not bricks and UM, I believe I saw a statistic that, um, 0:18:52.359 --> 0:18:55.840 every seven seconds, another Lego set is sold. Yeah, we 0:18:55.880 --> 0:18:57.600 have some of those fun stats will save the end 0:18:57.800 --> 0:19:01.480 all that time. Sorry for jumping ahead though, That's okay. So, Josh, 0:19:01.560 --> 0:19:04.879 Let's say you wanted to build a Lego project, but 0:19:04.960 --> 0:19:07.720 not a you know, not a little tiny thing to 0:19:07.720 --> 0:19:09.399 put in your pocket, a pocket model. Let. So you 0:19:09.440 --> 0:19:11.800 want to build something kind of big and cool. The 0:19:11.840 --> 0:19:14.600 first thing you need to do is, well, it depends 0:19:14.600 --> 0:19:16.280 what kind of guy you are. I'm a kind of 0:19:16.280 --> 0:19:19.360 guy just dives in and starts building. But that's why 0:19:19.359 --> 0:19:21.720 I'm not an architect or a builder. What you should 0:19:21.720 --> 0:19:23.200 do is plan it out a little bit and decide 0:19:23.200 --> 0:19:25.719 how large you want it, because then you're gonna you know, 0:19:25.840 --> 0:19:28.280 that'll tell you how many bricks you need, how long 0:19:28.280 --> 0:19:31.480 it's gonna take, and that determines your scale, and from 0:19:31.480 --> 0:19:34.760 there you can just kind of move on and be creative. 0:19:35.000 --> 0:19:36.560 You can sketch it out if you want, if you're 0:19:36.560 --> 0:19:40.000 into that, or you could use computer software. You can 0:19:40.160 --> 0:19:44.000 it's pretty awesome. Actually, UM, there's three different types of 0:19:44.000 --> 0:19:47.119 software as far as I know. There's Lego Digital Designer 0:19:47.760 --> 0:19:51.719 UM and that's actually available for for use for free 0:19:51.960 --> 0:19:54.040 on the website. Pretty cool. You can either download it 0:19:54.160 --> 0:19:55.880 or I believe you can go to Lego dot com 0:19:55.960 --> 0:19:59.399 and use it. UM. There's also l draw, which is 0:19:59.680 --> 0:20:04.639 based really a type of CAD computer aided design software UM. 0:20:04.680 --> 0:20:08.760 And then there is brick Smith that's it on brickman 0:20:09.359 --> 0:20:13.600 man UM and people use these to do things like, oh, 0:20:13.680 --> 0:20:17.120 I don't know, create the statue of Liberty with UM 0:20:17.160 --> 0:20:20.880 a lightsaber, Yeah, that's a fun one, or a scale 0:20:20.920 --> 0:20:26.000 replica of the Brooklyn Bridge or right, you know, yes, 0:20:26.200 --> 0:20:29.280 Lego Land had pictures of that. Actually, I'll show you. UM. 0:20:29.600 --> 0:20:31.639 The thing I thought was cool is when they some 0:20:32.280 --> 0:20:35.200 tracy for this article interviewed this the one guy that 0:20:35.240 --> 0:20:43.080 you're talking about, Nathan Sawaya Sawaya, and he he's you know, 0:20:43.320 --> 0:20:46.360 it's sort of like real architecture and real building techniques, 0:20:46.680 --> 0:20:49.120 like you should stagger your your bricks for a wall 0:20:49.840 --> 0:20:52.720 because it's sturdier, and you can put for hollow things, 0:20:52.760 --> 0:20:55.520 you can put interior columns, and it sort of follows 0:20:55.520 --> 0:20:58.000 the same rules of standard architecture, which I thought was 0:20:58.040 --> 0:20:59.960 kind of neat. Right, and this isn't lost on Lego 0:21:00.080 --> 0:21:03.160 was UM they've recently released the Lego Architecture series. Did 0:21:03.200 --> 0:21:06.800 you check these out? No, dude, they have, Um, they 0:21:06.840 --> 0:21:11.960 have a couple so far. They have the Googgenheim Okay, UM, 0:21:12.000 --> 0:21:16.200 my favorite. They have falling Water. Very nice. Yeah, it's 0:21:16.320 --> 0:21:22.040 pretty sweet. Um. And they have some uh iconic landmarks. 0:21:22.119 --> 0:21:24.480 I think the space needles one of them. But it 0:21:25.160 --> 0:21:27.520 looks pretty slick. What if I was like Frank Woyd, right, 0:21:28.040 --> 0:21:31.520 I'd come across this table square houses please. Yeah. And 0:21:31.560 --> 0:21:33.840 we've been trying to figure out how to do a 0:21:33.920 --> 0:21:37.879 Frank Lloyd Wright podcast and we got i'd say, pretty 0:21:37.880 --> 0:21:40.080 far into the research process to do it, and I 0:21:40.200 --> 0:21:42.359 figured out, like, we we can't do this. It's just 0:21:42.520 --> 0:21:46.440 too visual us sitting around describing falling water like somebody 0:21:46.440 --> 0:21:48.439 should slap us in the face. Yeah. It'd basically just 0:21:48.480 --> 0:21:51.679 be like, it's so awesome. No, really, it's awesome, and 0:21:51.720 --> 0:21:58.400 there's a river that runs underneath. Its awesome. I'm done that, okay. Um. 0:21:58.560 --> 0:22:00.560 If you're If you're interested, there is a book called 0:22:00.560 --> 0:22:04.639 the Unofficial Lego Builder's Guide from Alan Bedford and um 0:22:05.359 --> 0:22:08.320 and a publication online called Brick Journal, and you can 0:22:08.320 --> 0:22:11.119 get like tips on building big things. There because if 0:22:11.160 --> 0:22:14.760 you never tried, either you're you know, a genius and 0:22:15.080 --> 0:22:19.120 your innately able to do so, or you're gonna fail miserably. Well. 0:22:19.119 --> 0:22:21.840 One guy who was interviewed for the article who did 0:22:21.880 --> 0:22:25.320 the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster. Yeah, yeah, as 0:22:25.400 --> 0:22:28.720 part of like his whole town he was building. No, 0:22:28.880 --> 0:22:31.760 it wasn't it was. I think it's like Chris Doyle. Yeah, 0:22:31.840 --> 0:22:35.280 Chris Doyle. He said, he just starts like he he 0:22:35.320 --> 0:22:36.959 has a rough idea of what he wants to do, 0:22:37.040 --> 0:22:39.959 but you know, he just goes to town. Basically, That's 0:22:39.960 --> 0:22:42.280 what I would do. Yeah, it can be done, yeah, 0:22:42.320 --> 0:22:44.800 but mine probably wouldn't succeed. And then if you are 0:22:44.960 --> 0:22:49.000 into robotics, electronics that kind of stuff, you can use 0:22:49.119 --> 0:22:52.520 Legos too. Yeah, they've got new robot versions have like 0:22:52.600 --> 0:22:56.680 microprocessors and motors and gears. There's a guy who used 0:22:56.920 --> 0:23:00.359 who used Legos to create an automatic book scanner. Wow. 0:23:01.040 --> 0:23:04.360 I know, especially if you love books and you love Legos, 0:23:04.440 --> 0:23:08.840