1
00:00:02,520 --> 00:00:07,000
Speaker 1: Bloomberg Audio Studios, podcasts, radio news.

2
00:00:07,800 --> 00:00:11,639
Speaker 2: The CEO of Alphabet and Google, Sindhar Pachai, is here

3
00:00:11,640 --> 00:00:25,600
Speaker 2: with us. Let's welcome Sindar to the stage.

4
00:00:26,720 --> 00:00:28,160
Speaker 3: Thank you so much for being here.

5
00:00:28,200 --> 00:00:31,040
Speaker 2: We talked last year about a year ago on the circuit,

6
00:00:31,040 --> 00:00:32,199
Speaker 2: so it's really good to catch up.

7
00:00:32,400 --> 00:00:33,280
Speaker 4: Good to ceogain.

8
00:00:33,880 --> 00:00:36,519
Speaker 2: Starting with the most important question, did you come in

9
00:00:36,560 --> 00:00:36,960
Speaker 2: a way moo?

10
00:00:39,400 --> 00:00:40,239
Speaker 4: I would have loved to.

11
00:00:40,880 --> 00:00:43,960
Speaker 1: We are still working on making sure they're safe and

12
00:00:44,000 --> 00:00:47,839
Speaker 1: can get through freebays. We're making great progress, but hopefully

13
00:00:47,920 --> 00:00:49,960
Speaker 1: same time next year, I can do it all the

14
00:00:49,960 --> 00:00:50,800
Speaker 1: way from Mountain Review.

15
00:00:50,880 --> 00:00:52,279
Speaker 3: All right, I'm gonna hold you to it.

16
00:00:52,920 --> 00:00:54,760
Speaker 2: So I just want to start with a vibe check

17
00:00:54,920 --> 00:00:55,920
Speaker 2: post io.

18
00:00:56,320 --> 00:00:58,920
Speaker 3: I feel like we saw a slightly.

19
00:00:58,560 --> 00:01:03,360
Speaker 2: More confident and cohesion of Google. How would you describe it?

20
00:01:03,520 --> 00:01:03,600
Speaker 1: Like?

21
00:01:04,080 --> 00:01:06,680
Speaker 3: Are you getting better at choosing your own dance music?

22
00:01:08,640 --> 00:01:08,840
Speaker 4: Look?

23
00:01:08,880 --> 00:01:12,960
Speaker 1: I think when you undertake a set of things, you

24
00:01:13,000 --> 00:01:15,160
Speaker 1: know it takes time, but you know internally we have

25
00:01:15,280 --> 00:01:18,759
Speaker 1: known all of this was in progress. We've been training Gemini,

26
00:01:19,560 --> 00:01:21,520
Speaker 1: releasing versions every few months.

27
00:01:22,080 --> 00:01:23,440
Speaker 4: I think two point five.

28
00:01:23,520 --> 00:01:26,800
Speaker 1: Was a real breakthrough in terms of capabilities, and it's

29
00:01:26,840 --> 00:01:30,120
Speaker 1: at the frontier of where the models are and so

30
00:01:30,200 --> 00:01:34,920
Speaker 1: putting that in our products across our suite of products.

31
00:01:34,920 --> 00:01:36,560
Speaker 1: I think that's what makes the story come alive.

32
00:01:37,600 --> 00:01:41,520
Speaker 2: So candidly, I'm using chatbots more and I'm using Google less.

33
00:01:41,920 --> 00:01:42,720
Speaker 3: Maybe you are too.

34
00:01:44,319 --> 00:01:47,240
Speaker 2: What is the fate of search in a world of

35
00:01:47,319 --> 00:01:49,320
Speaker 2: AI agents and personalized answers?

36
00:01:49,720 --> 00:01:51,960
Speaker 3: Is it evolution or extinction?

37
00:01:53,280 --> 00:01:56,640
Speaker 1: Look, people have been asking this question now for a

38
00:01:56,760 --> 00:02:00,080
Speaker 1: couple of years. You've had these chatboards scale up to

39
00:02:00,200 --> 00:02:05,080
Speaker 1: hundreds of millions of users. We've grown in querries, So

40
00:02:06,200 --> 00:02:10,519
Speaker 1: I think it feels very far from a zero sum

41
00:02:10,560 --> 00:02:14,800
Speaker 1: game to me to use other areas in parallel. Like

42
00:02:14,880 --> 00:02:19,640
Speaker 1: TikTok came in, everybody started using TikTok. YouTube grew and

43
00:02:19,680 --> 00:02:21,600
Speaker 1: did very very well in those moments too.

44
00:02:21,680 --> 00:02:24,160
Speaker 4: So you know, I do think.

45
00:02:24,320 --> 00:02:27,520
Speaker 1: Search is very very good at what it does. Empirically,

46
00:02:28,120 --> 00:02:30,799
Speaker 1: people value it for what it does, and they're actually

47
00:02:30,840 --> 00:02:31,840
Speaker 1: showing it by using it.

48
00:02:31,880 --> 00:02:34,840
Speaker 2: More So, investors are clamoring to know where you haven't

49
00:02:34,880 --> 00:02:38,480
Speaker 2: shared the specifics. How much money are you pouring into

50
00:02:38,520 --> 00:02:42,480
Speaker 2: AI and how much money are you actually making from AI?

51
00:02:43,760 --> 00:02:48,240
Speaker 1: Well, I mean, in twenty twenty five, our capex is

52
00:02:48,320 --> 00:02:52,600
Speaker 1: seventy five billion dollars, right, so we are definitely investing

53
00:02:52,639 --> 00:02:55,720
Speaker 1: for the long run. But you know it's the same

54
00:02:56,200 --> 00:03:01,799
Speaker 1: investment which powers businesses from search to YouTube, to cloud,

55
00:03:02,040 --> 00:03:06,359
Speaker 1: to workspace, to Android and play to way more right

56
00:03:06,520 --> 00:03:09,800
Speaker 1: and so and to our subscriptions business.

57
00:03:09,880 --> 00:03:11,160
Speaker 4: We just launched.

58
00:03:11,960 --> 00:03:15,040
Speaker 1: Google AI Pro and Ultra and you know it's definitely

59
00:03:15,040 --> 00:03:17,880
Speaker 1: doing well. I mean pleased to see the reception. So

60
00:03:18,000 --> 00:03:21,840
Speaker 1: I think it's such a profound technology. I feel the

61
00:03:21,919 --> 00:03:25,520
Speaker 1: opportunity ahead is bigger than the opportunity we had in.

62
00:03:25,480 --> 00:03:28,079
Speaker 2: The taxt So to double click there, if I may,

63
00:03:29,040 --> 00:03:33,880
Speaker 2: what specific new revenue streams do you see increasing and

64
00:03:33,919 --> 00:03:36,560
Speaker 2: what revenue streams do you see decreasing?

65
00:03:37,920 --> 00:03:39,280
Speaker 4: There is look, I mean.

66
00:03:40,800 --> 00:03:45,800
Speaker 1: Our entire between the growth in cloud like Vertex AI

67
00:03:46,640 --> 00:03:50,840
Speaker 1: is up forty x in usage on a token basis.

68
00:03:50,480 --> 00:03:52,000
Speaker 4: Just in the last twelve months.

69
00:03:52,600 --> 00:03:54,960
Speaker 1: So obviously you know we have billions of dollars in

70
00:03:56,240 --> 00:04:02,360
Speaker 1: providing AI based solutions, in AI as an infrastructure, AI subscriptions,

71
00:04:02,480 --> 00:04:04,440
Speaker 1: so there are many many new businesses.

72
00:04:05,600 --> 00:04:08,840
Speaker 2: YouTube and the web more broadly is being overrun with

73
00:04:08,880 --> 00:04:10,120
Speaker 2: AI generated content.

74
00:04:10,800 --> 00:04:14,880
Speaker 3: What effect is that having on Google products and services?

75
00:04:15,120 --> 00:04:18,719
Speaker 2: Are you finding you need to allocate more resources to

76
00:04:18,800 --> 00:04:21,799
Speaker 2: filter out the low quality content.

77
00:04:22,800 --> 00:04:26,279
Speaker 1: I mean, look, anytime there are these technological inflection points,

78
00:04:27,320 --> 00:04:30,520
Speaker 1: it's always a cat and mouse game, right, So the

79
00:04:30,600 --> 00:04:34,039
Speaker 1: new technology creates new opportunity, more people can create content,

80
00:04:34,720 --> 00:04:37,560
Speaker 1: but you also have a rise in low quality content.

81
00:04:38,120 --> 00:04:39,320
Speaker 4: I think moments like this.

82
00:04:39,160 --> 00:04:43,480
Speaker 1: Is what we actually it's what Google is good at, right,

83
00:04:44,839 --> 00:04:48,200
Speaker 1: separating finding the needle in the haystack, making sure you

84
00:04:48,279 --> 00:04:52,400
Speaker 1: surface the higher quality content. We are using Gemini to

85
00:04:52,520 --> 00:04:56,799
Speaker 1: help improve YouTube's recommendations, so we're using AI to help

86
00:04:56,839 --> 00:05:00,200
Speaker 1: improve how we did at content at Scrive. You know,

87
00:05:00,200 --> 00:05:02,960
Speaker 1: there are good content being created using AI as well,

88
00:05:03,000 --> 00:05:05,040
Speaker 1: so we're just trying to elevate high quality content.

89
00:05:05,800 --> 00:05:08,320
Speaker 2: There is a lot of anxiety out there about the

90
00:05:08,360 --> 00:05:11,919
Speaker 2: health of the open web, you know AI, as you

91
00:05:12,040 --> 00:05:14,920
Speaker 2: just relies on the good stuff, like it relies on

92
00:05:15,640 --> 00:05:19,640
Speaker 2: high quality content. As you push further into AI generated content,

93
00:05:19,680 --> 00:05:23,400
Speaker 2: does that undermine the entire system? Like does the web

94
00:05:23,480 --> 00:05:25,799
Speaker 2: become just a watered down version of itself?

95
00:05:26,960 --> 00:05:28,120
Speaker 4: Look, it's another area.

96
00:05:29,400 --> 00:05:32,520
Speaker 1: You know people have had questions about the web now

97
00:05:32,560 --> 00:05:36,320
Speaker 1: for the past ten twenty years, Right, I said.

98
00:05:36,160 --> 00:05:36,919
Speaker 4: This during IO.

99
00:05:37,040 --> 00:05:40,320
Speaker 1: But if you look at the index we index the web,

100
00:05:40,720 --> 00:05:43,880
Speaker 1: the number of web pages that we are indexing is

101
00:05:43,960 --> 00:05:47,160
Speaker 1: up forty five percent just in the last two years alone.

102
00:05:47,560 --> 00:05:48,720
Speaker 3: What about the last two months.

103
00:05:48,760 --> 00:05:52,479
Speaker 1: Ah, there's just definitely people are creating a lot more content.

104
00:05:53,480 --> 00:05:56,719
Speaker 1: I do think, you know, creation is getting easier, not

105
00:05:56,920 --> 00:06:00,440
Speaker 1: just in web across you know, if you look at YouTube,

106
00:06:00,800 --> 00:06:03,600
Speaker 1: the amount of content is exploding, right, And so I

107
00:06:05,080 --> 00:06:07,520
Speaker 1: do think as content creator you have to think about many,

108
00:06:07,520 --> 00:06:12,120
Speaker 1: many modalities, platforms, etc. But the opportunity space gets bigger.

109
00:06:14,240 --> 00:06:17,840
Speaker 2: You've said AI overviews are good for publishers. The publishers

110
00:06:17,880 --> 00:06:21,760
Speaker 2: we talk to say, it's tragic. Studies show drop and

111
00:06:21,800 --> 00:06:24,200
Speaker 2: click through rates. I'm not always I don't always click

112
00:06:24,200 --> 00:06:26,560
Speaker 2: through when I see ANAI overview. You're answering the question

113
00:06:26,640 --> 00:06:29,600
Speaker 2: for me right there on Google publishers say they can't

114
00:06:29,600 --> 00:06:30,680
Speaker 2: opt out or they might be.

115
00:06:30,680 --> 00:06:32,599
Speaker 3: De indexed from Google entirely.

116
00:06:33,200 --> 00:06:36,640
Speaker 2: So what is the concrete evidence that this is actually

117
00:06:36,680 --> 00:06:40,000
Speaker 2: good for them and not just good for Google?

118
00:06:40,560 --> 00:06:41,480
Speaker 4: Look a few things.

119
00:06:41,520 --> 00:06:44,720
Speaker 1: I mean, I think compared to most companies in the world,

120
00:06:45,560 --> 00:06:48,800
Speaker 1: we take care to design experiences which is going to

121
00:06:48,839 --> 00:06:52,640
Speaker 1: showcase links right, and it's we took a long time

122
00:06:52,760 --> 00:06:58,440
Speaker 1: testing aioviews and prioritized approaches which result in high quality

123
00:06:58,560 --> 00:07:03,039
Speaker 1: traffic out. I'm confident that many years from now, that's

124
00:07:03,040 --> 00:07:05,840
Speaker 1: how Google will work, right, Like you know, we think

125
00:07:05,880 --> 00:07:10,000
Speaker 1: the value proposition in Google is people come. Yes, sometimes

126
00:07:10,000 --> 00:07:12,680
Speaker 1: they may get answers. That was true when we launched

127
00:07:12,720 --> 00:07:17,679
Speaker 1: featured snippets many years ago. But people come back. People

128
00:07:17,680 --> 00:07:21,040
Speaker 1: are curious, people are expanding their use cases, and people

129
00:07:21,080 --> 00:07:23,920
Speaker 1: do seek out sources on the web, and we are

130
00:07:24,000 --> 00:07:29,320
Speaker 1: going to prioritize approaches. Obviously with AIO aviews, the quality improves,

131
00:07:29,440 --> 00:07:32,600
Speaker 1: the context we are giving users improve. What we are

132
00:07:32,640 --> 00:07:35,160
Speaker 1: seeing is people are clicking and going to a more

133
00:07:35,200 --> 00:07:38,880
Speaker 1: diverse set of websites, and they are spending more time

134
00:07:39,160 --> 00:07:40,760
Speaker 1: on average per click.

135
00:07:41,640 --> 00:07:45,720
Speaker 3: You announced new spectacles at io. Maybe Google Glass was

136
00:07:45,720 --> 00:07:46,120
Speaker 3: ahead of.

137
00:07:46,120 --> 00:07:49,480
Speaker 2: Its time, but I'm curious what evidence you have that

138
00:07:50,000 --> 00:07:53,400
Speaker 2: we really want to put computers on my faces now,

139
00:07:53,640 --> 00:07:57,520
Speaker 2: on our faces now, and give tech companies even more

140
00:07:57,640 --> 00:07:58,520
Speaker 2: of our information.

141
00:08:00,600 --> 00:08:04,400
Speaker 1: Ultimately, you know, you could have asked questions like this

142
00:08:04,480 --> 00:08:09,880
Speaker 1: about driverless cars, right. Ultimately, it's the people who choose

143
00:08:09,880 --> 00:08:12,880
Speaker 1: what they want to do, right, and so you will

144
00:08:12,880 --> 00:08:15,960
Speaker 1: only succeed in these things if you're building something delightful.

145
00:08:16,920 --> 00:08:18,960
Speaker 4: I am wearing glasses right now, right.

146
00:08:18,880 --> 00:08:21,520
Speaker 3: So for me, they don't have a camera in them,

147
00:08:21,600 --> 00:08:21,800
Speaker 3: do this.

148
00:08:22,040 --> 00:08:24,240
Speaker 1: They don't And they don't have a display in them.

149
00:08:24,280 --> 00:08:26,520
Speaker 1: They don't have audio in them. But if he could

150
00:08:26,600 --> 00:08:29,760
Speaker 1: make something which is no additional cost for me, but

151
00:08:29,880 --> 00:08:34,800
Speaker 1: when I wanted to, it's going to give me important information,

152
00:08:35,720 --> 00:08:37,920
Speaker 1: make it more useful, my life gets better.

153
00:08:39,120 --> 00:08:41,840
Speaker 4: Look, I've been playing around with ar glasses.

154
00:08:42,480 --> 00:08:44,480
Speaker 1: In fact, I was talking with a friend who had

155
00:08:44,480 --> 00:08:48,440
Speaker 1: it on and shot basketball and he had an air ball,

156
00:08:48,600 --> 00:08:51,080
Speaker 1: and it told him like that was a bad air ball.

157
00:08:51,280 --> 00:08:54,920
Speaker 2: Right, So look, and he still wants to wear them.

158
00:08:56,040 --> 00:08:59,160
Speaker 1: He found the experience delightful. You know, this natural instinct

159
00:08:59,280 --> 00:09:00,760
Speaker 1: was like, what should I be doing better?

160
00:09:00,920 --> 00:09:01,120
Speaker 4: Right?

161
00:09:01,200 --> 00:09:04,439
Speaker 1: And so you're going to have these things. Be a companion,

162
00:09:04,520 --> 00:09:07,160
Speaker 1: be a coach, all of it. So I think I think,

163
00:09:07,920 --> 00:09:10,600
Speaker 1: I think we have to do it tastefully, but if

164
00:09:10,640 --> 00:09:12,960
Speaker 1: done correctly, I think people will respond positively.

165
00:09:14,679 --> 00:09:16,480
Speaker 3: But Johnny, I've sam Altman Alliance.

166
00:09:16,520 --> 00:09:22,319
Speaker 2: It seemed perfectly time to crash your io party. Did

167
00:09:22,360 --> 00:09:24,760
Speaker 2: that rain on your parade a little? And are you

168
00:09:25,160 --> 00:09:25,880
Speaker 2: at all worried?

169
00:09:27,120 --> 00:09:30,640
Speaker 1: Look, I mean I expect in this moment to be

170
00:09:30,800 --> 00:09:33,280
Speaker 1: that there'll be a lot of innovation, right, you know,

171
00:09:33,840 --> 00:09:37,680
Speaker 1: enormous respect for what Johnny has done, and I'm looking

172
00:09:37,720 --> 00:09:41,360
Speaker 1: forward to seeing what new computing devices are on the horizon.

173
00:09:42,480 --> 00:09:46,080
Speaker 2: Mark Zuckerberg has said that almost all of Lama's code

174
00:09:46,320 --> 00:09:49,680
Speaker 2: will be AI generated very soon. Sacha Nadella has said

175
00:09:49,720 --> 00:09:52,839
Speaker 2: it's as much as thirty five percent for Microsoft right now.

176
00:09:53,200 --> 00:09:55,920
Speaker 2: You've said twenty five percent last year. I believe you

177
00:09:55,960 --> 00:09:58,040
Speaker 2: said that that of Google's code.

178
00:09:57,840 --> 00:09:58,920
Speaker 3: Is AI generated.

179
00:10:00,720 --> 00:10:03,199
Speaker 2: You have over one hundred and eighty thousand employees right now.

180
00:10:03,800 --> 00:10:05,760
Speaker 3: Is it half that in the future.

181
00:10:07,640 --> 00:10:12,720
Speaker 1: Look, I expect we will grow from our current engineering

182
00:10:12,920 --> 00:10:17,880
Speaker 1: pace even into next year, right because it allows us

183
00:10:17,880 --> 00:10:21,760
Speaker 1: to do more, right, I think the opportunity space is

184
00:10:21,800 --> 00:10:26,680
Speaker 1: also increasing. I just view this as making engineers dramatically

185
00:10:26,720 --> 00:10:30,559
Speaker 1: more productive, getting a lot of the mundane aspects out

186
00:10:30,600 --> 00:10:33,520
Speaker 1: of what they do, allowing them to spend on higher

187
00:10:33,600 --> 00:10:37,720
Speaker 1: value added tasks. But that means it's an accelerator. People

188
00:10:37,720 --> 00:10:40,320
Speaker 1: will be able to do more, which means maybe we'll

189
00:10:40,320 --> 00:10:43,440
Speaker 1: create new products and hence we will need more people,

190
00:10:43,600 --> 00:10:46,560
Speaker 1: at least in the near term. To me, it looks like,

191
00:10:48,320 --> 00:10:52,680
Speaker 1: you know, we will expand engineering velocity, and that doesn't

192
00:10:52,720 --> 00:10:55,760
Speaker 1: mean we're constrained in what we will do. We'll end

193
00:10:55,800 --> 00:10:57,280
Speaker 1: up doing more as a company as well.

194
00:10:57,400 --> 00:10:58,600
Speaker 3: What about the long term?

195
00:10:59,040 --> 00:11:02,760
Speaker 1: Look, I mean, I mean long horizontally. As a technology,

196
00:11:04,080 --> 00:11:08,120
Speaker 1: it's tough to predict all all efforts of it long term.

197
00:11:08,800 --> 00:11:12,760
Speaker 1: Just the fact that today sixty percent of the jobs

198
00:11:12,760 --> 00:11:18,560
Speaker 1: today didn't exist in nineteen forty right at least why

199
00:11:18,600 --> 00:11:21,160
Speaker 1: I'm mighty study by an economist called David Order. Right,

200
00:11:21,200 --> 00:11:24,480
Speaker 1: So it is so tough to sit at any given time.

201
00:11:25,040 --> 00:11:28,679
Speaker 1: I was just looking at YouTube in India. There are

202
00:11:29,720 --> 00:11:33,760
Speaker 1: one hundred million channels in India alone, there are fifteen

203
00:11:33,840 --> 00:11:38,880
Speaker 1: thousand channels with one million subscribers. Just imagine describing this

204
00:11:38,960 --> 00:11:41,200
Speaker 1: world to someone in India fifteen years ago.

205
00:11:41,679 --> 00:11:45,480
Speaker 4: It would make no sense. So, you know, I don't

206
00:11:45,520 --> 00:11:45,760
Speaker 4: want to.

207
00:11:46,280 --> 00:11:48,040
Speaker 1: You know, I think it's a bit pointless to think

208
00:11:48,080 --> 00:11:53,280
Speaker 1: that far ahead. But I think we underestimate how expansionary

209
00:11:53,320 --> 00:11:53,960
Speaker 1: this moment is.

210
00:11:54,240 --> 00:11:56,360
Speaker 3: So this isn't too far ahead. So I hope you'll

211
00:11:56,440 --> 00:11:56,800
Speaker 3: humor me.

212
00:11:56,880 --> 00:12:01,160
Speaker 2: But anthropic CEO says AI could eliminate fifty percent of

213
00:12:01,240 --> 00:12:06,000
Speaker 2: white collar jobs in the next five years, unemployment rising

214
00:12:06,040 --> 00:12:10,439
Speaker 2: to ten to twenty percent do you agree?

215
00:12:11,400 --> 00:12:14,040
Speaker 1: Look, I think we should take those concerns super seriously.

216
00:12:14,320 --> 00:12:17,600
Speaker 1: Right with this technology to my earlier point about new

217
00:12:17,679 --> 00:12:21,920
Speaker 1: jobs getting created, you're going to create new opportunities. I

218
00:12:21,960 --> 00:12:26,480
Speaker 1: look at something like VO three with video, it's clear

219
00:12:26,520 --> 00:12:29,000
Speaker 1: to me you're going to allow pretty much everyone in

220
00:12:29,040 --> 00:12:33,199
Speaker 1: the world to be a sophisticated creator. I can't sit

221
00:12:33,280 --> 00:12:37,200
Speaker 1: in linearly like you know, imagine all the impact of

222
00:12:37,240 --> 00:12:41,480
Speaker 1: that will be right, So you're creating all these new opportunities.

223
00:12:42,760 --> 00:12:46,640
Speaker 1: You have tremendous positive externalities. You know, we will tackle

224
00:12:47,679 --> 00:12:51,240
Speaker 1: tough vexing problems, make progress on areas like cancer, right,

225
00:12:51,280 --> 00:12:56,640
Speaker 1: you know all that, educate a lot more people as

226
00:12:56,679 --> 00:12:59,520
Speaker 1: part of that. You know there could be job display

227
00:12:59,679 --> 00:13:02,160
Speaker 1: in Those are serious concerns. So as a society you

228
00:13:02,200 --> 00:13:05,520
Speaker 1: have to think about how do you reskill people? What

229
00:13:05,640 --> 00:13:09,720
Speaker 1: are new social safety nets that you would need? Those

230
00:13:09,760 --> 00:13:13,640
Speaker 1: are super important conversations for society to have. But I

231
00:13:13,640 --> 00:13:16,960
Speaker 1: think being too specific and saying that many jobs of

232
00:13:17,400 --> 00:13:21,439
Speaker 1: you know, I just don't see that. We've made predictions

233
00:13:21,480 --> 00:13:24,560
Speaker 1: like that for the last twenty years about technology and automation.

234
00:13:25,160 --> 00:13:27,760
Speaker 1: It hasn't quite played out that way. Yep, But I

235
00:13:27,800 --> 00:13:32,160
Speaker 1: do I respect that. You know, I think it's important

236
00:13:32,200 --> 00:13:35,280
Speaker 1: to voice those concerns and debate them, and.

237
00:13:35,200 --> 00:13:37,240
Speaker 4: I think that those are important conversations to have.

238
00:13:37,880 --> 00:13:41,160
Speaker 2: In two trials now, judges have said that Google is

239
00:13:41,160 --> 00:13:44,520
Speaker 2: a monopoly in search and partly a monopoly in ads.

240
00:13:44,960 --> 00:13:45,880
Speaker 3: How do you address the.

241
00:13:45,840 --> 00:13:50,480
Speaker 2: Concern that your AI is built on an existing domination

242
00:13:50,600 --> 00:13:53,120
Speaker 2: of search and ads and that this is just reinforcing

243
00:13:53,400 --> 00:13:54,479
Speaker 2: original monopolies.

244
00:13:56,320 --> 00:13:59,080
Speaker 1: First of all, you know, we disagree with the rulings,

245
00:13:59,120 --> 00:14:03,480
Speaker 1: and we are in the process of appealing these things. Look,

246
00:14:03,600 --> 00:14:07,240
Speaker 1: if anything, this moment has shown I don't think there's

247
00:14:07,320 --> 00:14:10,360
Speaker 1: anyone here who is using anything they don't want to use.

248
00:14:11,559 --> 00:14:13,760
Speaker 1: You look at the success of chat, JPD or any

249
00:14:13,760 --> 00:14:17,800
Speaker 1: other product. People are literally have more choice than ever before.

250
00:14:18,880 --> 00:14:21,040
Speaker 1: The reason people use Google is because they want to

251
00:14:21,160 --> 00:14:24,120
Speaker 1: use it, right, And so I think I think we

252
00:14:24,240 --> 00:14:29,120
Speaker 1: continue to innovate. I think choice is good for users,

253
00:14:29,120 --> 00:14:30,520
Speaker 1: competition is good for the world.

254
00:14:31,880 --> 00:14:33,240
Speaker 4: So that's how I say it.

255
00:14:33,480 --> 00:14:35,560
Speaker 3: You've said the remedies proposed are too extreme.

256
00:14:35,600 --> 00:14:42,120
Speaker 2: Would you ever voluntarily break yourself up control your own destiny?

257
00:14:43,240 --> 00:14:46,400
Speaker 1: Look, I mean I see, I mean those are they

258
00:14:46,480 --> 00:14:51,040
Speaker 1: seem compared to what the initial scope of the ruling

259
00:14:51,200 --> 00:14:55,480
Speaker 1: was some of the proposed solutions are far overreaching.

260
00:14:56,200 --> 00:14:57,480
Speaker 4: We'll see how it plays out.

261
00:14:58,400 --> 00:15:01,680
Speaker 1: I look at the amount of we spent over fifty

262
00:15:01,720 --> 00:15:04,360
Speaker 1: billion dollars in R and D last year. We are

263
00:15:04,360 --> 00:15:06,400
Speaker 1: one of the top R and D investors in the world.

264
00:15:07,000 --> 00:15:09,560
Speaker 1: We take such a lot. We didn't build things like chrome,

265
00:15:09,600 --> 00:15:12,960
Speaker 1: and you know, we've invested a couple of decades into

266
00:15:13,000 --> 00:15:16,680
Speaker 1: these way more we've been building it over a decade.

267
00:15:16,960 --> 00:15:19,800
Speaker 1: We've been doing that with quantum computing for over a decade.

268
00:15:20,320 --> 00:15:22,440
Speaker 1: This amount of R and D, this amount of innovation,

269
00:15:23,000 --> 00:15:24,920
Speaker 1: I think makes sense to do, and we take a

270
00:15:24,960 --> 00:15:25,680
Speaker 1: long term view.

271
00:15:25,800 --> 00:15:27,400
Speaker 4: So that's how I think about it.

272
00:15:28,120 --> 00:15:30,000
Speaker 2: I've heard you say a few times that you think

273
00:15:30,040 --> 00:15:33,960
Speaker 2: of AI as an expansionary moment, but so far it

274
00:15:34,000 --> 00:15:37,320
Speaker 2: does seem to be favoring tech giants and well funded

275
00:15:37,360 --> 00:15:40,920
Speaker 2: startups with access to GPUs and data centers.

276
00:15:40,480 --> 00:15:41,880
Speaker 3: And enormous amounts of capital.

277
00:15:42,000 --> 00:15:45,840
Speaker 2: Like, isn't this really concentrating power in fewer hands?

278
00:15:45,840 --> 00:15:49,400
Speaker 3: And is AI just another winner take all game?

279
00:15:51,080 --> 00:15:56,160
Speaker 1: Look, I think there are you know, well, I'm confident

280
00:15:56,520 --> 00:15:58,800
Speaker 1: there is a company that's going to be created with AI,

281
00:15:59,440 --> 00:16:02,520
Speaker 1: just like when they Internet happened many years after the

282
00:16:02,560 --> 00:16:07,040
Speaker 1: Internet happened, Googled didn't exist. So you know, there's no

283
00:16:07,200 --> 00:16:10,360
Speaker 1: doubt to me that three years from now there will

284
00:16:10,400 --> 00:16:12,480
Speaker 1: be a company which will be dominant in this AI

285
00:16:12,520 --> 00:16:14,720
Speaker 1: age which we don't even know the name of today.

286
00:16:14,960 --> 00:16:17,520
Speaker 1: That's the only way things work in the future, right.

287
00:16:17,360 --> 00:16:20,640
Speaker 2: So you have all this information about us, and I

288
00:16:20,680 --> 00:16:26,640
Speaker 2: mean you have our deepest, darkest secrets. It's it's already

289
00:16:26,680 --> 00:16:30,520
Speaker 2: hard to me personal Well yeah, actually you do, not

290
00:16:30,640 --> 00:16:34,880
Speaker 2: you personally, but your company does. It's already hard to

291
00:16:34,920 --> 00:16:36,880
Speaker 2: trust big tech, and now you're going to be using

292
00:16:36,880 --> 00:16:39,240
Speaker 2: more of this information to integrate AI and to more

293
00:16:39,240 --> 00:16:43,160
Speaker 2: personalized experiences. Why should we trust you now more than

294
00:16:43,200 --> 00:16:43,880
Speaker 2: ever before?

295
00:16:45,440 --> 00:16:48,960
Speaker 1: I mean, we earned the trust by you know, we've

296
00:16:48,960 --> 00:16:52,760
Speaker 1: been storing people's emails now for many, many years, but

297
00:16:52,800 --> 00:16:58,200
Speaker 1: we've handled that content responsibly. I hope we protected from

298
00:16:58,400 --> 00:17:01,680
Speaker 1: bad actors. We fight against un warranted requests. So I

299
00:17:01,720 --> 00:17:04,280
Speaker 1: think more than any other company, I think we've we've

300
00:17:04,280 --> 00:17:08,080
Speaker 1: taken you know, this is a responsibility. People trust us

301
00:17:08,080 --> 00:17:11,520
Speaker 1: in those moments, and we are only evolving the products

302
00:17:11,520 --> 00:17:13,760
Speaker 1: in the way people are telling us, you know, with

303
00:17:13,880 --> 00:17:18,200
Speaker 1: their feedback. Look, they you know, the biggest thing people

304
00:17:18,240 --> 00:17:20,920
Speaker 1: ask with Gemini and Gmail is why can't it write

305
00:17:21,000 --> 00:17:21,520
Speaker 1: more like me?

306
00:17:22,480 --> 00:17:25,679
Speaker 4: It's a it's an ask which we are responding.

307
00:17:25,119 --> 00:17:30,159
Speaker 3: To Google's rolling out Gemini to kids.

308
00:17:30,800 --> 00:17:35,400
Speaker 2: I mean, I've got enough on my parenting with more screen.

309
00:17:35,119 --> 00:17:36,320
Speaker 3: Time and social media.

310
00:17:37,160 --> 00:17:41,240
Speaker 2: Are our kids best friends going to be chatbots?

311
00:17:41,280 --> 00:17:44,480
Speaker 1: Look, there's always going to be a sense of discomfort

312
00:17:44,520 --> 00:17:47,960
Speaker 1: with new technology. I don't know, like when online dating

313
00:17:48,000 --> 00:17:50,520
Speaker 1: first game, people who ask questions like are you really

314
00:17:50,560 --> 00:17:51,720
Speaker 1: going to meet someone online?

315
00:17:52,359 --> 00:17:54,520
Speaker 4: And so people adapt to these things.

316
00:17:55,240 --> 00:18:00,000
Speaker 1: Will people comfortably naturally interact with AI in their life

317
00:18:00,359 --> 00:18:04,520
Speaker 1: in the future, Yes, Like we're seeing it empirically in

318
00:18:04,600 --> 00:18:07,960
Speaker 1: terms of how people are using them, Like I see

319
00:18:08,000 --> 00:18:11,560
Speaker 1: people coming to Gemini asking questions Like at an aggregate,

320
00:18:11,600 --> 00:18:15,080
Speaker 1: we see questions like how should I prepare.

321
00:18:14,760 --> 00:18:15,720
Speaker 4: For this interview? All?

322
00:18:15,760 --> 00:18:19,359
Speaker 1: I mean, they're talking as if it's a companion. So

323
00:18:19,400 --> 00:18:20,439
Speaker 1: we do see evidence of that.

324
00:18:20,560 --> 00:18:22,680
Speaker 3: What about kids? Like Gemini for kids?

325
00:18:23,200 --> 00:18:25,119
Speaker 1: Maybe with kids, just like you know today, when we

326
00:18:25,200 --> 00:18:29,160
Speaker 1: design YouTube for kids, we design it with a different

327
00:18:29,200 --> 00:18:32,480
Speaker 1: set of gudrails, and so for kids, I think, you know,

328
00:18:32,560 --> 00:18:35,119
Speaker 1: you would scope it down to those appropriate experiences.

329
00:18:35,480 --> 00:18:39,160
Speaker 2: Obviously, you just unveiled VO three, which you were talking.

330
00:18:39,200 --> 00:18:42,240
Speaker 2: I mean, it is mind blowing seeing these super super

331
00:18:42,359 --> 00:18:46,480
Speaker 2: lifelike videos, but it is also really scary.

332
00:18:46,640 --> 00:18:49,320
Speaker 3: Is this the end of truth as we know it?

333
00:18:50,600 --> 00:18:54,680
Speaker 1: I think this is part of the role when you ask,

334
00:18:55,640 --> 00:18:57,359
Speaker 1: I think this is part of the value proposition.

335
00:18:57,520 --> 00:18:58,480
Speaker 4: This is why people.

336
00:18:58,200 --> 00:19:01,080
Speaker 1: Will come to places like Google, because they're trying to

337
00:19:01,119 --> 00:19:03,080
Speaker 1: ascertain what's reality.

338
00:19:02,960 --> 00:19:03,960
Speaker 4: Right and this is not?

339
00:19:05,160 --> 00:19:07,879
Speaker 1: And I do think it's well, we are going to

340
00:19:07,920 --> 00:19:12,320
Speaker 1: evolve new norms around. For example, with vieo, we are

341
00:19:12,920 --> 00:19:17,560
Speaker 1: watermarking videos. They are built with syntide so people can

342
00:19:17,600 --> 00:19:20,840
Speaker 1: detect that they were generated. With vio you can upload

343
00:19:21,119 --> 00:19:25,240
Speaker 1: any video to Google and ask about any image to Google.

344
00:19:25,240 --> 00:19:27,080
Speaker 1: Ask about this image and it would tell you if

345
00:19:27,119 --> 00:19:30,720
Speaker 1: it was generated by VO three. We built a syntidi

346
00:19:30,840 --> 00:19:35,080
Speaker 1: detector for researchers and journalists. So you know, all these

347
00:19:35,080 --> 00:19:37,440
Speaker 1: things are going to evolve in parallel. Down the line,

348
00:19:37,440 --> 00:19:40,679
Speaker 1: we will need regulations maybe to say something which is

349
00:19:40,720 --> 00:19:45,359
Speaker 1: a true deep fax, just like your financial fraud. You know,

350
00:19:45,400 --> 00:19:47,760
Speaker 1: you would need new norms around things like that. So

351
00:19:47,840 --> 00:19:50,200
Speaker 1: all you know, we have to evolve. As new technology

352
00:19:50,200 --> 00:19:50,840
Speaker 1: comes along.

353
00:19:50,680 --> 00:19:52,359
Speaker 2: They just wonder like, are we gonna have a shared

354
00:19:52,400 --> 00:19:55,800
Speaker 2: sense of reality again, Like it's just like this is

355
00:19:56,280 --> 00:19:56,879
Speaker 2: made with AI.

356
00:19:56,960 --> 00:19:57,760
Speaker 3: It's insane.

357
00:19:58,760 --> 00:20:00,720
Speaker 1: I think so, like you know how I think humans

358
00:20:01,160 --> 00:20:04,600
Speaker 1: as humanity, we would value that shad sense of reality,

359
00:20:04,720 --> 00:20:09,359
Speaker 1: and so you would, you know, you would value human

360
00:20:09,560 --> 00:20:11,760
Speaker 1: human experiences even more in the future.

361
00:20:11,880 --> 00:20:13,400
Speaker 4: Right. That's that's how I think about it.

362
00:20:14,280 --> 00:20:17,399
Speaker 2: YouTube is arguably the most influential media platform in the

363
00:20:17,400 --> 00:20:19,360
Speaker 2: world now. I mean, it is a political force, it's

364
00:20:19,359 --> 00:20:21,680
Speaker 2: a cultural force. Our kids are learning there. All kids

365
00:20:21,720 --> 00:20:24,920
Speaker 2: think they want to be creators. Seventy five percent of teenagers,

366
00:20:24,920 --> 00:20:28,440
Speaker 2: I believe, say they're watching it every single day. I'm

367
00:20:28,480 --> 00:20:30,879
Speaker 2: a mom, you're a dad, Like, I know you're in

368
00:20:31,000 --> 00:20:33,960
Speaker 2: charge of the thing, but does it ever terrify you

369
00:20:34,520 --> 00:20:35,719
Speaker 2: to have that much power?

370
00:20:36,760 --> 00:20:41,720
Speaker 1: Okay, I mean I I think that sense of part

371
00:20:41,840 --> 00:20:44,239
Speaker 1: is an illusion. I think like when you're working in

372
00:20:44,280 --> 00:20:48,640
Speaker 1: the tech industry, you know, you've simultaneously started with the

373
00:20:48,680 --> 00:20:52,359
Speaker 1: conversation with like, are you about to go extinct? And

374
00:20:52,440 --> 00:20:54,960
Speaker 1: then you're ending the conversation with aren't you the most

375
00:20:55,000 --> 00:20:59,760
Speaker 1: powerful thing? Like, so you've got to choose in discussion

376
00:20:59,760 --> 00:21:03,760
Speaker 1: of only one of that can be the truth?

377
00:21:06,520 --> 00:21:11,720
Speaker 2: Fair enough, I'm curious about your approach to the Trump administration.

378
00:21:12,720 --> 00:21:16,080
Speaker 2: You are front and center at the inauguration. Google has

379
00:21:16,200 --> 00:21:18,640
Speaker 2: rolled back some of its DEI policies.

380
00:21:19,920 --> 00:21:22,720
Speaker 3: Did you compromise on something that you believe in?

381
00:21:24,680 --> 00:21:30,480
Speaker 1: Look, first of all, you know, we are one of

382
00:21:30,520 --> 00:21:35,119
Speaker 1: the leading American companies, global companies in this particular moment,

383
00:21:36,000 --> 00:21:39,000
Speaker 1: with the point of inflection around AI, I do think

384
00:21:39,000 --> 00:21:42,719
Speaker 1: the next few years are critical from many aspects. So

385
00:21:42,760 --> 00:21:44,800
Speaker 1: we are committed to engage in comment. We did that

386
00:21:44,960 --> 00:21:47,920
Speaker 1: with the first Trump administration. We are committed to doing that.

387
00:21:48,560 --> 00:21:51,480
Speaker 1: Look around the world, you know, we comply with laws

388
00:21:51,520 --> 00:21:55,720
Speaker 1: and regulations in all the countries we operate in. Doesn't

389
00:21:55,760 --> 00:21:59,040
Speaker 1: mean we agree with every aspect of everything, right, but

390
00:21:59,080 --> 00:22:01,440
Speaker 1: as a company, we do have our set of values

391
00:22:02,040 --> 00:22:04,080
Speaker 1: and like so we have committed to.

392
00:22:04,080 --> 00:22:04,720
Speaker 4: Them as well.

393
00:22:04,800 --> 00:22:08,320
Speaker 1: So I think, for example, as a company, I think

394
00:22:08,320 --> 00:22:13,159
Speaker 1: we have committed to making sure we develop AI in

395
00:22:13,160 --> 00:22:14,880
Speaker 1: a way that protects the planet.

396
00:22:15,320 --> 00:22:16,760
Speaker 4: That's an important value for us.

397
00:22:16,800 --> 00:22:22,080
Speaker 1: And you've seen as prioritize efforts around renewable energy. So

398
00:22:22,760 --> 00:22:25,800
Speaker 1: we'll continue doing those things. But Look, but I think

399
00:22:25,840 --> 00:22:28,960
Speaker 1: it's important that as a company we engage. You know,

400
00:22:29,000 --> 00:22:31,840
Speaker 1: there are many, many people in the administration, particularly around

401
00:22:31,880 --> 00:22:36,120
Speaker 1: critical energy needs, critical infrastructure. These are all important areas

402
00:22:36,119 --> 00:22:37,000
Speaker 1: we want to work together.

403
00:22:37,760 --> 00:22:40,080
Speaker 2: When you were on the circuit last year, we spoke

404
00:22:40,080 --> 00:22:42,960
Speaker 2: about the criticisms. You know that Google and you personally

405
00:22:43,000 --> 00:22:44,960
Speaker 2: have been too late to the AA game, too late

406
00:22:45,000 --> 00:22:48,840
Speaker 2: to get AI to market, and I wonder how has

407
00:22:48,920 --> 00:22:54,280
Speaker 2: your own leadership style evolved over the last couple of years, specifically,

408
00:22:54,320 --> 00:22:57,560
Speaker 2: like have you changed at all to meet this moment

409
00:22:57,640 --> 00:22:59,400
Speaker 2: of radical disruption?

410
00:23:00,720 --> 00:23:05,199
Speaker 1: Look, I feel like this is the main thing I

411
00:23:05,240 --> 00:23:07,399
Speaker 1: did as a CEO setting up the company is to

412
00:23:08,440 --> 00:23:12,920
Speaker 1: really be at the forefront of AI. When I look

413
00:23:12,960 --> 00:23:15,160
Speaker 1: at the depth and breadth of what we are doing

414
00:23:15,240 --> 00:23:19,400
Speaker 1: as a company, across everything we are doing on multiple fronts,

415
00:23:19,400 --> 00:23:23,679
Speaker 1: I think we are incredibly well positioned. But definitely, you

416
00:23:23,720 --> 00:23:25,800
Speaker 1: know through this moment, you know, it's a moment in

417
00:23:25,800 --> 00:23:29,520
Speaker 1: which we realize it's a moment to accelerate at scale

418
00:23:29,600 --> 00:23:33,080
Speaker 1: what we are doing, and that involved you know, think

419
00:23:33,160 --> 00:23:35,080
Speaker 1: stepping back and thinking about how you can make the

420
00:23:35,119 --> 00:23:41,879
Speaker 1: company work faster, setting up Google DeepMind, bringing our best

421
00:23:41,880 --> 00:23:46,920
Speaker 1: teams into one team, scaling up our AI infrastructure in

422
00:23:47,040 --> 00:23:50,160
Speaker 1: our capex is seventy five billion. That was twenty billion

423
00:23:50,200 --> 00:23:53,359
Speaker 1: dollars a few years ago. So we are dramatically scaling

424
00:23:53,440 --> 00:23:57,520
Speaker 1: up our infrastructure. So you're undertaking these big bets. Way

425
00:23:57,560 --> 00:23:59,680
Speaker 1: more people are talking about it now, but three years

426
00:23:59,680 --> 00:24:02,920
Speaker 1: ago people who are very pessimistic on it. I increased

427
00:24:02,920 --> 00:24:06,119
Speaker 1: our investment in way more at that time. So, you know,

428
00:24:06,200 --> 00:24:10,000
Speaker 1: so you are making decisions not based on what people

429
00:24:10,040 --> 00:24:12,280
Speaker 1: are currently saying at any given moment, but with the

430
00:24:12,320 --> 00:24:13,639
Speaker 1: long term view in market.

431
00:24:13,640 --> 00:24:16,440
Speaker 2: Are you still getting involved in nitty gritty product decisions

432
00:24:16,560 --> 00:24:19,000
Speaker 2: or is that leaving that to Serge.

433
00:24:19,320 --> 00:24:23,600
Speaker 1: You know, Okay, I mean fortunate to have Sergey is

434
00:24:23,640 --> 00:24:27,000
Speaker 1: deeply working on the Gemini models, but I'm very very

435
00:24:27,000 --> 00:24:30,480
Speaker 1: involved in various aspects of our product decisions. I think

436
00:24:30,520 --> 00:24:33,119
Speaker 1: you have to do that in the in the in

437
00:24:33,160 --> 00:24:34,159
Speaker 1: the in the tech space.

438
00:24:35,400 --> 00:24:38,760
Speaker 2: You've been CEO for ten years now, however many years

439
00:24:38,800 --> 00:24:41,120
Speaker 2: out it is what kind of person do you think

440
00:24:41,200 --> 00:24:43,680
Speaker 2: Google's future CEO should be?

441
00:24:45,240 --> 00:24:45,440
Speaker 4: Look?

442
00:24:45,480 --> 00:24:50,040
Speaker 1: I think I think it's important to understand, like the

443
00:24:50,080 --> 00:24:55,000
Speaker 1: products we build, you know, tremendously impact society, and you

444
00:24:55,040 --> 00:24:58,400
Speaker 1: know the journey of technology is doing the hard work

445
00:24:58,480 --> 00:25:01,440
Speaker 1: to make sure you or harnessing it in a way

446
00:25:01,480 --> 00:25:04,720
Speaker 1: that it benefits people, and that takes a lot of work,

447
00:25:05,160 --> 00:25:07,400
Speaker 1: you know, and I think that'll be an important quality

448
00:25:07,440 --> 00:25:07,679
Speaker 1: to have.

449
00:25:08,240 --> 00:25:12,919
Speaker 2: You're driving this massive technological change that's also bound to

450
00:25:13,040 --> 00:25:18,800
Speaker 2: create like major societal disruption. How do you personally wrestle

451
00:25:18,840 --> 00:25:22,280
Speaker 2: with that? Like is there some philosopher or religion or

452
00:25:22,680 --> 00:25:26,040
Speaker 2: deeper code that you turn to to help you answer

453
00:25:26,119 --> 00:25:27,119
Speaker 2: some of these questions?

454
00:25:28,520 --> 00:25:31,720
Speaker 1: Okay, first of all, there are many of us doing this.

455
00:25:32,480 --> 00:25:36,200
Speaker 1: I think ultimately it comes down to you don't need

456
00:25:36,320 --> 00:25:41,240
Speaker 1: much more than having empathy for you know, for your

457
00:25:41,240 --> 00:25:42,119
Speaker 1: fellow people.

458
00:25:41,880 --> 00:25:42,560
Speaker 4: On this journey.

459
00:25:42,600 --> 00:25:46,320
Speaker 1: And I think I'm doing what I'm doing so or

460
00:25:46,359 --> 00:25:48,679
Speaker 1: many others in the industry because you get a chance

461
00:25:48,720 --> 00:25:53,120
Speaker 1: to positively impact people with the work you do, And

462
00:25:53,680 --> 00:25:54,880
Speaker 1: that's the true north star at.

463
00:25:54,840 --> 00:25:55,440
Speaker 4: The end of the day.

464
00:25:55,600 --> 00:25:57,679
Speaker 3: What should kids be studying these days?

465
00:25:58,560 --> 00:26:00,480
Speaker 2: Like should they still be learning how as a coach,

466
00:26:00,520 --> 00:26:02,720
Speaker 2: should we still be getting computer science degrees?

467
00:26:02,880 --> 00:26:06,960
Speaker 1: Like I've got four of them, so they're probably they're

468
00:26:07,000 --> 00:26:09,359
Speaker 1: probably going to be talking to AI asking this question,

469
00:26:09,480 --> 00:26:10,680
Speaker 1: so my answer doesn't matter.

470
00:26:10,720 --> 00:26:14,919
Speaker 4: Maybe. Look, I think.

471
00:26:14,680 --> 00:26:17,159
Speaker 1: One of the things that's great about this moment is

472
00:26:18,440 --> 00:26:21,520
Speaker 1: I think AI over time will allow us all to

473
00:26:21,600 --> 00:26:25,080
Speaker 1: pursue our passions more right, And I think that's the

474
00:26:25,160 --> 00:26:26,960
Speaker 1: truly liberating aspect.

475
00:26:26,560 --> 00:26:27,320
Speaker 4: Of a lot of this.

476
00:26:28,720 --> 00:26:33,920
Speaker 1: You're giving pretty much everyone a powerful tool they express

477
00:26:34,000 --> 00:26:36,800
Speaker 1: themselves in the way they want to. And so I

478
00:26:36,840 --> 00:26:39,680
Speaker 1: won't change anything of what you're studying. I think I

479
00:26:39,680 --> 00:26:43,560
Speaker 1: would still ask encourage people to follow their passions and

480
00:26:43,600 --> 00:26:47,359
Speaker 1: find something that's of interest to them. I think, you know,

481
00:26:47,400 --> 00:26:49,879
Speaker 1: pretty much all disciplines which are valuable today, there'll be

482
00:26:49,880 --> 00:26:51,600
Speaker 1: a version of that valuable in the future.

483
00:26:52,200 --> 00:26:54,880
Speaker 3: What are the limits of AI? Like, is it possible

484
00:26:54,920 --> 00:26:56,480
Speaker 3: we don't reach AGI?

485
00:26:57,080 --> 00:26:57,240
Speaker 4: Oh?

486
00:26:57,280 --> 00:26:59,879
Speaker 1: With the current Oh, It's entirely possible. I mean, like

487
00:27:00,040 --> 00:27:04,320
Speaker 1: you could be dealing with Look everything we can see,

488
00:27:06,320 --> 00:27:09,359
Speaker 1: you know, I feel very positive there's a lot of

489
00:27:09,400 --> 00:27:12,920
Speaker 1: forward progress ahead with the paths we are on, not

490
00:27:12,960 --> 00:27:15,040
Speaker 1: only the set of ideas we are working on today,

491
00:27:16,000 --> 00:27:19,040
Speaker 1: some of the newer ideas we are experimenting with. Some

492
00:27:19,320 --> 00:27:23,280
Speaker 1: very optimistic on seeing a lot of progress. But you know,

493
00:27:23,600 --> 00:27:26,359
Speaker 1: you've always had these technology curves where you may hit

494
00:27:27,240 --> 00:27:31,600
Speaker 1: a temporary plateau. So are we currently on an absolute

495
00:27:31,600 --> 00:27:34,840
Speaker 1: path to AGI. I don't think anyone can say for sure.

496
00:27:35,840 --> 00:27:41,480
Speaker 1: I am the pace of progress is staggering and looking ahead.

497
00:27:41,560 --> 00:27:44,639
Speaker 1: I sense you will have that pace of progress, but

498
00:27:45,080 --> 00:27:48,800
Speaker 1: you know, there could be limitations in the technology, you know,

499
00:27:48,880 --> 00:27:52,760
Speaker 1: I you know, the technology currently feels like you're seeing

500
00:27:52,800 --> 00:27:56,240
Speaker 1: dramatic progress, but then there are areas where justin can't

501
00:27:56,280 --> 00:27:58,640
Speaker 1: do this obvious thing right, you know.

502
00:27:59,359 --> 00:28:01,440
Speaker 4: Like weymo's doing very very well.

503
00:28:01,480 --> 00:28:05,119
Speaker 1: But remember you can teach a kit to drive in

504
00:28:05,160 --> 00:28:10,000
Speaker 1: about twenty hours, right and so so. Both the technology

505
00:28:10,040 --> 00:28:13,440
Speaker 1: is amazing, but we are quite far from a generalized

506
00:28:13,440 --> 00:28:14,359
Speaker 1: technology as well.

507
00:28:14,440 --> 00:28:17,200
Speaker 2: We talked a little bit about your vibe coding backstage

508
00:28:17,400 --> 00:28:20,760
Speaker 2: next to share how often are you vibe coding and

509
00:28:21,320 --> 00:28:23,320
Speaker 2: what are you working on?

510
00:28:23,680 --> 00:28:26,320
Speaker 1: I wish I could I could do more, but you know,

511
00:28:26,359 --> 00:28:30,360
Speaker 1: I've just been messing around, be it either with cursor

512
00:28:31,200 --> 00:28:34,399
Speaker 1: or you know, I wipe coded with replet, trying to

513
00:28:34,400 --> 00:28:37,800
Speaker 1: build a custom web page with all the sources of

514
00:28:37,920 --> 00:28:40,200
Speaker 1: information I wanted in one place so I could type

515
00:28:40,200 --> 00:28:44,800
Speaker 1: of location, get it all partially complete, so, you know,

516
00:28:44,880 --> 00:28:48,520
Speaker 1: but it's exciting to see how casually you can do

517
00:28:48,600 --> 00:28:53,920
Speaker 1: it now, right, and compared to the early days of coding,

518
00:28:53,960 --> 00:28:56,160
Speaker 1: things have come a long way.

519
00:28:57,080 --> 00:28:57,320
Speaker 4: You know.

520
00:28:58,240 --> 00:29:01,760
Speaker 1: It feels so delightful to be a coder in this

521
00:29:01,840 --> 00:29:02,520
Speaker 1: moment in time.

522
00:29:02,760 --> 00:29:05,080
Speaker 3: Even after that, you still need all those software engineers.

523
00:29:05,080 --> 00:29:05,680
Speaker 3: Are you sure?

524
00:29:05,960 --> 00:29:07,880
Speaker 4: Okay? I think so?

525
00:29:08,040 --> 00:29:08,320
Speaker 1: Yes.

526
00:29:09,840 --> 00:29:10,479
Speaker 3: Last question.

527
00:29:11,200 --> 00:29:12,840
Speaker 2: We've got a new episode of the Circuit out this

528
00:29:12,880 --> 00:29:18,160
Speaker 2: week actually about Microsoft's fiftieth anniversary. Google's twenty seven years old.

529
00:29:18,600 --> 00:29:20,080
Speaker 3: What is Google at fifty?

530
00:29:22,320 --> 00:29:26,040
Speaker 4: What's Google at fifty? Look? I hope, I hope.

531
00:29:26,040 --> 00:29:30,800
Speaker 1: We are nimble and innovating, and you know, in the

532
00:29:30,880 --> 00:29:35,480
Speaker 1: technology industry you have to earn your success every year,

533
00:29:35,760 --> 00:29:39,600
Speaker 1: and so for me, it's more about building a culture

534
00:29:39,720 --> 00:29:43,440
Speaker 1: that's you know, really innovative at its core, takes a

535
00:29:43,480 --> 00:29:47,440
Speaker 1: long term view and does deep technology work and translates

536
00:29:47,480 --> 00:29:49,840
Speaker 1: that into products that impact billions of people.

537
00:29:50,000 --> 00:29:52,240
Speaker 2: All right, So are you going to is a human

538
00:29:52,280 --> 00:29:54,320
Speaker 2: going to be running Google or an AI?

539
00:29:54,400 --> 00:29:54,720
Speaker 4: Well?

540
00:29:55,040 --> 00:29:57,280
Speaker 1: I do think whoever is running it will have an

541
00:29:57,320 --> 00:30:00,720
Speaker 1: extraordinary AI companion to help, all

542
00:30:00,760 --> 00:30:04,800
Speaker 3: Right, Sendar Pachaye, Everyone you g can just little bit