1 00:00:01,880 --> 00:00:05,320 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you Should Know, friend House Stuff Works 2 00:00:05,360 --> 00:00:13,560 Speaker 1: dot Com, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. 3 00:00:13,600 --> 00:00:18,560 Speaker 1: There's Charles W. Chuck Bryant, and uh Noel's over there, 4 00:00:18,720 --> 00:00:21,400 Speaker 1: and this is Stuff you should know. Which episode I'm 5 00:00:21,400 --> 00:00:25,640 Speaker 1: not a percent sure yet. Let's do this one. Okay, 6 00:00:28,280 --> 00:00:31,800 Speaker 1: how's it going. It's going pretty well, man? Yeah, yeah, 7 00:00:31,840 --> 00:00:36,360 Speaker 1: how over with you? I'm pretty excited about both the shows. Yeah, 8 00:00:36,560 --> 00:00:40,000 Speaker 1: these are gonna be blockbusters if we can get them right. 9 00:00:40,440 --> 00:00:45,160 Speaker 1: Let's right, they're gonna break the box office. Yeah. Uh so, Chuck, 10 00:00:45,200 --> 00:00:48,080 Speaker 1: where you ever? Um? Have have you ever heard of 11 00:00:48,120 --> 00:00:53,680 Speaker 1: the Voytage Manuscript before? Prior to this? It's it's fairly famous. Yeah, 12 00:00:53,720 --> 00:00:57,240 Speaker 1: but just a few years ago, like through working here. Yeah, 13 00:00:57,240 --> 00:00:59,280 Speaker 1: thanks to the stuff they don't want you to know 14 00:00:59,440 --> 00:01:02,880 Speaker 1: boys today. I'm sure they covered this already. Certainly, there's 15 00:01:02,880 --> 00:01:04,759 Speaker 1: just no way. It may have been their first episode. 16 00:01:04,800 --> 00:01:07,440 Speaker 1: You know. You just say the words ancient codex and 17 00:01:07,720 --> 00:01:10,759 Speaker 1: guys come flying. Yeah, they're like, what do you want? 18 00:01:10,760 --> 00:01:13,120 Speaker 1: When they open their trench coats and they got ancient 19 00:01:13,200 --> 00:01:16,600 Speaker 1: codices aligning it. Um. Well, for those of you who 20 00:01:16,680 --> 00:01:19,200 Speaker 1: don't know what the Voyage Manuscript is It is a 21 00:01:19,400 --> 00:01:23,920 Speaker 1: what appears to be a legitimate medieval codex, which is 22 00:01:24,240 --> 00:01:29,160 Speaker 1: stuff that was formerly a loose leaf manuscript that's been 23 00:01:29,200 --> 00:01:33,559 Speaker 1: bound later on. That's what a codex is. Um. That 24 00:01:34,080 --> 00:01:36,920 Speaker 1: is written in a language that no one has any 25 00:01:37,000 --> 00:01:40,640 Speaker 1: idea how to read. It's never read it, it's never 26 00:01:40,680 --> 00:01:43,880 Speaker 1: been seen before. Um. It doesn't appear in any other 27 00:01:43,959 --> 00:01:47,840 Speaker 1: type of writing that's known to survive. And it's also 28 00:01:47,960 --> 00:01:54,800 Speaker 1: illustrated with some really bizarre pictures, like otherworldly plants, women 29 00:01:54,920 --> 00:02:00,280 Speaker 1: doing things that you are aren't readily identifiable. They're hears 30 00:02:00,320 --> 00:02:05,720 Speaker 1: to be a recipe section, yes, pharmac pharmacological section. Yeah. 31 00:02:05,720 --> 00:02:11,560 Speaker 1: It's almost like a a farmer's almanac of sorts from 32 00:02:11,680 --> 00:02:17,160 Speaker 1: medieval times, written in language and depicting plants and things 33 00:02:17,200 --> 00:02:21,320 Speaker 1: that have never existed. And the reason why it's it 34 00:02:21,400 --> 00:02:25,000 Speaker 1: seems legitimate is that it bears a striking resemblance two 35 00:02:25,040 --> 00:02:27,600 Speaker 1: similar books at the time. But those books are written 36 00:02:27,600 --> 00:02:31,080 Speaker 1: in things like Old English or Italian or things that 37 00:02:31,120 --> 00:02:34,360 Speaker 1: people can read, and they have pictures of plants in 38 00:02:34,400 --> 00:02:36,960 Speaker 1: them that you point to and say, oh, well, that's 39 00:02:37,040 --> 00:02:40,520 Speaker 1: a holly bush or something. This is not the case. 40 00:02:40,560 --> 00:02:45,679 Speaker 1: The thing is a mysterious otherworldly tome that clearly made 41 00:02:45,680 --> 00:02:49,040 Speaker 1: an appearance. Somehow it crossed over from a parallel multiverse 42 00:02:49,080 --> 00:02:51,880 Speaker 1: into this one accidentally. Yeah, I've got my theory, which 43 00:02:51,880 --> 00:02:54,680 Speaker 1: I'll just go ahead and tease the listener with it. 44 00:02:54,720 --> 00:02:58,440 Speaker 1: I'll throw out later. Okay, that's it. That's your teeth. 45 00:02:59,400 --> 00:03:01,079 Speaker 1: I'll throw out my you've got the theory, but I 46 00:03:01,200 --> 00:03:03,400 Speaker 1: just laid mine on the table. Which is what that 47 00:03:03,480 --> 00:03:07,120 Speaker 1: it's it's a book from a parallel multiverse to ours. Dude, 48 00:03:07,400 --> 00:03:09,520 Speaker 1: it's slipped into this. It's like that. Have you heard 49 00:03:09,520 --> 00:03:13,240 Speaker 1: that barren Stain bears theory? Yeah? Sure, I don't remember 50 00:03:13,240 --> 00:03:15,720 Speaker 1: it is barren Stein. I always remember, is Barren Stain. 51 00:03:16,880 --> 00:03:19,960 Speaker 1: Oh really, huh you're the only one. No, that's not true. 52 00:03:20,240 --> 00:03:23,160 Speaker 1: You're one of the few. I was really surprised to 53 00:03:23,160 --> 00:03:26,359 Speaker 1: hear people thought it was barren Stein. But apparently as 54 00:03:26,400 --> 00:03:28,000 Speaker 1: far as that theory goes, and if you don't know 55 00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:30,440 Speaker 1: what I'm talking about, just like a barren Stain Bears theory, 56 00:03:30,520 --> 00:03:34,600 Speaker 1: I guess. Yeah. I mean I was convinced that barren 57 00:03:34,639 --> 00:03:40,200 Speaker 1: Stein Berenstein, Yeah, but not a e instead Berenstein Bears 58 00:03:40,720 --> 00:03:43,400 Speaker 1: always always Barren Stain. For me, it's so weird, and 59 00:03:43,400 --> 00:03:45,400 Speaker 1: I'm one of those that was so convinced. I was like, no, 60 00:03:45,560 --> 00:03:49,120 Speaker 1: this is clearly some weird hoax because it's the Berenstein Bears. 61 00:03:49,200 --> 00:03:52,680 Speaker 1: Everybody knows that that's so funny. And I'm not alone, 62 00:03:52,720 --> 00:03:55,240 Speaker 1: like it seems like the majority of people are definitely, 63 00:03:55,640 --> 00:03:58,400 Speaker 1: they're very You're one of the few barren Stainers. Well, 64 00:03:58,400 --> 00:04:03,240 Speaker 1: its supposedly, according to this this hypothesis, I actually managed 65 00:04:03,280 --> 00:04:06,200 Speaker 1: to slip over from a multiverse into this one without 66 00:04:06,280 --> 00:04:11,400 Speaker 1: realizing it from the baron staying in the universe. So um, anyway, 67 00:04:11,440 --> 00:04:13,720 Speaker 1: Let's get back to the Voyage Manuscript, shall we, because 68 00:04:13,720 --> 00:04:17,720 Speaker 1: it is a real deal thing, um, and it apparently 69 00:04:18,560 --> 00:04:21,359 Speaker 1: it has a certain amount of providence to it. We 70 00:04:21,480 --> 00:04:25,040 Speaker 1: know about when it first popped up thanks to a 71 00:04:25,320 --> 00:04:29,919 Speaker 1: seventeenth century letter that identifies it as having been purchased 72 00:04:30,279 --> 00:04:34,679 Speaker 1: by one Rudolph the Second, who was the Holy Roman 73 00:04:34,720 --> 00:04:40,280 Speaker 1: Emperor for a while. Um. And Rudolph loved curious things, right, 74 00:04:41,400 --> 00:04:46,800 Speaker 1: he collected um little people apparently. Uh, he had a 75 00:04:46,920 --> 00:04:50,320 Speaker 1: cabinet of curiosities of sorts, and he was very interested 76 00:04:50,320 --> 00:04:52,479 Speaker 1: in this Voyage manuscript, so much so that he paid 77 00:04:52,720 --> 00:04:56,000 Speaker 1: six hundred gold dukits for it, which is apparently about 78 00:04:56,120 --> 00:04:58,760 Speaker 1: the same as ninety thou dollars today for this book 79 00:04:59,279 --> 00:05:02,440 Speaker 1: because he a lot and he supposedly was the first 80 00:05:02,480 --> 00:05:07,320 Speaker 1: owner of the Voyage manuscript. That's right. It has been 81 00:05:07,400 --> 00:05:12,680 Speaker 1: dated um with carbon dating to the early fourteen hundreds. Uh, 82 00:05:12,920 --> 00:05:15,440 Speaker 1: And it has a very strange it's not written on 83 00:05:15,600 --> 00:05:18,159 Speaker 1: parchment or any kind of regular paper. It's written on 84 00:05:18,360 --> 00:05:23,880 Speaker 1: calf skin, which is not a it's sort of is 85 00:05:23,920 --> 00:05:26,200 Speaker 1: a somewhat of a giveaway or at least a big 86 00:05:26,200 --> 00:05:31,680 Speaker 1: clue what that it dates it. Yeah, well, we'll talk 87 00:05:31,720 --> 00:05:34,080 Speaker 1: about whether or not it's a hoax if someone found 88 00:05:34,080 --> 00:05:38,440 Speaker 1: this this vellum, and that'd be very strange to create 89 00:05:38,480 --> 00:05:41,719 Speaker 1: a hoax and dig up hundreds of year old calf skin. 90 00:05:42,839 --> 00:05:45,640 Speaker 1: So it's not likely that's a hoax. No, there's all 91 00:05:45,640 --> 00:05:47,640 Speaker 1: sorts of reasons it's it's not a hoax, but that 92 00:05:47,640 --> 00:05:51,960 Speaker 1: that rumor still persists. So in six nine, this antique 93 00:05:52,080 --> 00:05:55,040 Speaker 1: collector and progue named George Bresch he uh sent a 94 00:05:55,120 --> 00:06:00,880 Speaker 1: letter to this dude uh a fantasist I think so, 95 00:06:01,160 --> 00:06:04,880 Speaker 1: a fantasyist cuature. He was a scholar in Rome. And 96 00:06:04,960 --> 00:06:07,240 Speaker 1: he basically said, and this is so weird to me. 97 00:06:07,279 --> 00:06:10,120 Speaker 1: He's he teases this guy, It's like, I've got this thing. 98 00:06:10,560 --> 00:06:13,359 Speaker 1: It's really weird. It's got all these crazy symbols and 99 00:06:13,400 --> 00:06:17,440 Speaker 1: images and this alphabet that is uh, unknown to anyone. 100 00:06:18,279 --> 00:06:20,120 Speaker 1: But I'm just not gonna send it t Im, just 101 00:06:20,160 --> 00:06:23,000 Speaker 1: gonna tell you about it. Well, he loved it himself. 102 00:06:23,080 --> 00:06:26,160 Speaker 1: He tried to crack the code himself, the guy who 103 00:06:26,200 --> 00:06:28,240 Speaker 1: was the owner of it at the time. But I 104 00:06:28,279 --> 00:06:30,360 Speaker 1: send that letter, just teasing the guy and be like, 105 00:06:30,720 --> 00:06:32,880 Speaker 1: have a nice day, because he wanted him. He he 106 00:06:32,920 --> 00:06:34,720 Speaker 1: wanted him to crack it for him, but he didn't 107 00:06:34,720 --> 00:06:36,599 Speaker 1: want to give up the book. Well how can you 108 00:06:36,960 --> 00:06:38,640 Speaker 1: crack it if you don't send it. Well, you can 109 00:06:38,680 --> 00:06:41,760 Speaker 1: send like, um, facsimiles of it that kind of stuff. 110 00:06:41,800 --> 00:06:44,320 Speaker 1: So he did that, I believe. So I know he 111 00:06:44,360 --> 00:06:47,880 Speaker 1: was cracking it himself. But this guy UM an atheist 112 00:06:47,960 --> 00:06:52,080 Speaker 1: Kirk creature. He uh. He was supposedly very well known 113 00:06:52,120 --> 00:06:55,240 Speaker 1: at the time for having cracked Egyptian hieroglyphics, even though 114 00:06:55,320 --> 00:06:57,960 Speaker 1: it later turned out he had gotten it wrong. But 115 00:06:58,000 --> 00:06:59,400 Speaker 1: that's why I wonder why I didn't send it to 116 00:06:59,400 --> 00:07:03,600 Speaker 1: the guy. Well, the lesson has learned because um what 117 00:07:03,640 --> 00:07:07,200 Speaker 1: was the dude's named barsh the original guy who wrote 118 00:07:07,200 --> 00:07:11,320 Speaker 1: the letter. Yeah, George boresh So, um, he dies and 119 00:07:11,360 --> 00:07:16,160 Speaker 1: he's he dedicated his life to cracking the Voynage Manuscript, 120 00:07:16,600 --> 00:07:19,120 Speaker 1: which wasn't called the Voyage Manuscript by that point. No, 121 00:07:19,280 --> 00:07:20,640 Speaker 1: I should point out I don't think I had a 122 00:07:20,720 --> 00:07:24,160 Speaker 1: name at the time. I actually called this something. Um, well, 123 00:07:24,200 --> 00:07:26,480 Speaker 1: they definitely didn't call it the Voyage Manuscript. We'll see 124 00:07:26,480 --> 00:07:30,640 Speaker 1: in a minute. But um, George boresh Uh, he died 125 00:07:30,800 --> 00:07:33,080 Speaker 1: and he gave it to a friend of his, Jan 126 00:07:33,240 --> 00:07:38,320 Speaker 1: Mark Marcy. And Marcy is pretty good reason or supports 127 00:07:38,360 --> 00:07:40,440 Speaker 1: the idea that Borresh didn't want to give up the 128 00:07:40,440 --> 00:07:44,520 Speaker 1: book for good reason, because he actually did contact um 129 00:07:45,320 --> 00:07:48,760 Speaker 1: the Jesuit living living in Rome Kircher and said, hey, 130 00:07:49,160 --> 00:07:53,080 Speaker 1: here's the book, figure it out, and the guy never 131 00:07:53,120 --> 00:07:56,160 Speaker 1: got it back. So if Borsch wanted to keep his book, 132 00:07:56,200 --> 00:07:59,200 Speaker 1: he was very smart to not send it to Kircher. Well, 133 00:07:59,200 --> 00:08:02,040 Speaker 1: and when he sent it, when Marcy sent it to Kircher, 134 00:08:02,080 --> 00:08:05,120 Speaker 1: he said, by the way, um, I know a little 135 00:08:05,120 --> 00:08:07,160 Speaker 1: bit about the background. It looks like it was of 136 00:08:07,200 --> 00:08:10,600 Speaker 1: the work of Roger Bacon. Yeah, even though there was 137 00:08:10,680 --> 00:08:13,400 Speaker 1: no nothing to back that up. Well there there isn't 138 00:08:13,440 --> 00:08:15,480 Speaker 1: anything to back it up. And that's actually it turns 139 00:08:15,520 --> 00:08:18,720 Speaker 1: out Rudolph the Second believed that it was a work 140 00:08:18,720 --> 00:08:21,800 Speaker 1: of Roger Bacon when he bought it. That's right. Roger 141 00:08:21,840 --> 00:08:25,720 Speaker 1: Bacon was this. Um, he was basically a proto scientist 142 00:08:25,840 --> 00:08:29,680 Speaker 1: from the thirteenth century in England. And we've talked about 143 00:08:29,760 --> 00:08:32,200 Speaker 1: him before, I think in the Scientific Method episode, like 144 00:08:32,240 --> 00:08:34,480 Speaker 1: he really helped lay the groundwork for science in the 145 00:08:34,480 --> 00:08:36,880 Speaker 1: Western world. Yeah, he's credited with a lot of things 146 00:08:36,880 --> 00:08:40,760 Speaker 1: he didn't do too. Oh is that right? Yeah? Um, well, anyway, 147 00:08:41,160 --> 00:08:44,160 Speaker 1: this is possibly one of them. They there's still a 148 00:08:44,160 --> 00:08:46,880 Speaker 1: persistent legend that it was Roger Bacon's work, that it 149 00:08:46,960 --> 00:08:51,000 Speaker 1: did come from England. But um, the prevailing ideas about 150 00:08:51,040 --> 00:08:55,000 Speaker 1: the voyage manuscripts providence, um kind of drifted a little 151 00:08:55,080 --> 00:08:58,920 Speaker 1: further east, as we'll see. But um, when Rudolph the 152 00:08:58,960 --> 00:09:01,640 Speaker 1: Second bought the thing, uh, he thought it was Francis 153 00:09:01,640 --> 00:09:05,160 Speaker 1: Bacon and all this were we know, second hand, Chuck, like, 154 00:09:05,200 --> 00:09:07,920 Speaker 1: we don't. Like, there's no documents showing that Rudolph the 155 00:09:07,960 --> 00:09:11,040 Speaker 1: Second purchased this book. There's not a sales receipt, no 156 00:09:11,360 --> 00:09:14,360 Speaker 1: but there's something close that does kind of back it up. 157 00:09:14,880 --> 00:09:18,880 Speaker 1: Rudolph the Second had a dude um named Jacobus the 158 00:09:19,240 --> 00:09:23,600 Speaker 1: temper Nets I believe it's how you pronounced that, And 159 00:09:23,640 --> 00:09:29,800 Speaker 1: this was his um court pharmacists, basically his court botanist um. 160 00:09:29,840 --> 00:09:32,000 Speaker 1: And he was actually a really rich man. And Rudolf 161 00:09:32,080 --> 00:09:35,400 Speaker 1: the Second, out of an appreciation to this guy for 162 00:09:35,480 --> 00:09:39,040 Speaker 1: saving his life, gave him the Voyage Manuscript as a gift. 163 00:09:39,400 --> 00:09:43,920 Speaker 1: And this dude's watermark or seal or signature appears very 164 00:09:43,960 --> 00:09:46,760 Speaker 1: faintly in the Voyage Manuscript. So it definitely backs up 165 00:09:46,760 --> 00:09:49,360 Speaker 1: the idea that Rudolf the Second own this book at 166 00:09:49,440 --> 00:09:52,720 Speaker 1: one point in time, and it's entirely possible that he 167 00:09:52,760 --> 00:09:55,839 Speaker 1: did think Roger Bacon created it, but that doesn't mean 168 00:09:55,880 --> 00:09:59,640 Speaker 1: that Roger Bacon did create it. Uh So, for a 169 00:09:59,720 --> 00:10:03,560 Speaker 1: couple hundred years, it kind of, you know, wasn't on 170 00:10:03,600 --> 00:10:09,120 Speaker 1: the forefront of anyone's mind, basically disappeared until when here 171 00:10:09,160 --> 00:10:13,840 Speaker 1: we go, Wilfrid Voynage bought it in Italy, uh and 172 00:10:13,880 --> 00:10:17,640 Speaker 1: get said, I guess let's name it after me. Yeah, 173 00:10:17,760 --> 00:10:21,480 Speaker 1: Well they he in the manuscript became like very uh 174 00:10:21,840 --> 00:10:25,120 Speaker 1: pretty famous because he was tireless in trying to get 175 00:10:25,160 --> 00:10:31,200 Speaker 1: this thing cracked. This book has this really neat um 176 00:10:31,720 --> 00:10:34,760 Speaker 1: trait of like bringing people under its sway. You know, 177 00:10:34,840 --> 00:10:37,520 Speaker 1: it's well, it's a mystery, it is, and everybody loves 178 00:10:37,520 --> 00:10:40,320 Speaker 1: a mystery. It seems like it's possibly an impenetrable mystery, 179 00:10:40,520 --> 00:10:43,120 Speaker 1: which I think makes people want to crack it even 180 00:10:43,160 --> 00:10:45,680 Speaker 1: more sure because you get to be the one, you know, Yeah, 181 00:10:45,720 --> 00:10:47,760 Speaker 1: and you could change the name to the Josh Clark 182 00:10:47,840 --> 00:10:52,280 Speaker 1: Manuscript and say Voynage. Get bit, who's that? Do you 183 00:10:52,280 --> 00:10:55,079 Speaker 1: remember some company like bought the Sears Tower and tried 184 00:10:55,080 --> 00:10:59,400 Speaker 1: to change the name to their company's name for the tower, 185 00:10:59,559 --> 00:11:01,440 Speaker 1: and she, howgo do you learn that a few years ago? 186 00:11:02,400 --> 00:11:04,319 Speaker 1: Is it not the serious tower anymore? They tried to 187 00:11:04,400 --> 00:11:07,480 Speaker 1: change Everybody's like, no, we're still calling it the Sears Tower. 188 00:11:07,880 --> 00:11:09,680 Speaker 1: Oh Like even if they did change it, people are 189 00:11:09,720 --> 00:11:11,760 Speaker 1: still going to call it that. Yeah, gotcha. So I 190 00:11:11,760 --> 00:11:14,040 Speaker 1: think the same thing would happen with the Voyage Manuscript 191 00:11:14,080 --> 00:11:16,800 Speaker 1: even if I cracked it, right. That's like with a 192 00:11:16,840 --> 00:11:20,320 Speaker 1: lot of professional sports stadiums, I'll still refer to it 193 00:11:20,360 --> 00:11:23,199 Speaker 1: as the original cool name and not you know, right, 194 00:11:23,400 --> 00:11:26,480 Speaker 1: the r c A Dome or whatever. Although the new 195 00:11:26,559 --> 00:11:28,679 Speaker 1: stadiums are are they just don't even bother naming them. 196 00:11:28,720 --> 00:11:33,560 Speaker 1: They just go ahead and say who's got the most money? Right? Uh? 197 00:11:33,640 --> 00:11:38,240 Speaker 1: So voyage Uh, this manuscript he worked tirelessly. Uh and 198 00:11:38,360 --> 00:11:41,880 Speaker 1: it eventually ended up in modern times at Yale University 199 00:11:41,920 --> 00:11:45,320 Speaker 1: in nine where it still resides today. Right. So that's 200 00:11:45,360 --> 00:11:47,719 Speaker 1: just the story of it. And there's a lot more 201 00:11:47,760 --> 00:11:49,840 Speaker 1: detail to who have had their hands on this thing 202 00:11:49,920 --> 00:11:52,520 Speaker 1: over the years. Yeah, we'll talk about that, um right 203 00:11:52,559 --> 00:12:07,760 Speaker 1: after this break. Big announcement, folks. It's called a podcast 204 00:12:07,800 --> 00:12:11,280 Speaker 1: event called The Message, that's all right. Thanks to ge 205 00:12:11,360 --> 00:12:14,800 Speaker 1: Podcast Theater and Panoply, there is an eight part series 206 00:12:14,840 --> 00:12:17,679 Speaker 1: out right now called The Message, and you can get 207 00:12:17,679 --> 00:12:19,920 Speaker 1: it wherever you get your podcasts. Yeah, and you know what, 208 00:12:19,960 --> 00:12:23,240 Speaker 1: it's gonna blow your collective scientific minds because it's currently 209 00:12:23,320 --> 00:12:27,240 Speaker 1: rocking our worlds. So The Message follows the story of 210 00:12:27,480 --> 00:12:30,839 Speaker 1: Nicki Tomlin, who's a PhD in linguistics, right, that's right 211 00:12:30,880 --> 00:12:33,800 Speaker 1: at the University of Chicago, if I'm not mistaken, that's right. 212 00:12:33,840 --> 00:12:36,920 Speaker 1: And she's following a team of cryptologists, which really, if 213 00:12:36,960 --> 00:12:40,000 Speaker 1: you say cryptology, you've really got me hooked already. Their 214 00:12:40,080 --> 00:12:42,760 Speaker 1: research thank tank called Cipher and they're trying to dacode 215 00:12:42,760 --> 00:12:46,240 Speaker 1: a message received from outer space from seventy years ago. Yeah, 216 00:12:46,240 --> 00:12:48,360 Speaker 1: it's from outer space, we think. And if you're not 217 00:12:48,360 --> 00:12:50,280 Speaker 1: familiar with the story, well then I guess you'd better 218 00:12:50,320 --> 00:12:52,600 Speaker 1: go listen to the message. You can get it on iTunes, 219 00:12:53,000 --> 00:12:55,360 Speaker 1: you can get it on any of your podcast apps. 220 00:12:55,400 --> 00:12:58,240 Speaker 1: Just go search for the message and subscribe today. So 221 00:12:58,320 --> 00:13:01,280 Speaker 1: thanks to g E Podcast Theater and panopally for pushing 222 00:13:01,280 --> 00:13:03,160 Speaker 1: the boundaries of the medium. You guys are doing a 223 00:13:03,200 --> 00:13:13,760 Speaker 1: great job. Go subscribe to the message and listen today. 224 00:13:15,120 --> 00:13:18,000 Speaker 1: So Chucky, you're saying that um Voyage, it went from 225 00:13:18,040 --> 00:13:22,520 Speaker 1: Voyage ultimately to Yale, but in between that, like, Voytage 226 00:13:23,000 --> 00:13:27,000 Speaker 1: really kind of brought this manuscript into the four. Like 227 00:13:27,080 --> 00:13:31,079 Speaker 1: he he identified people who were professionals at cracking codes 228 00:13:31,640 --> 00:13:35,560 Speaker 1: and said, can you can you do this? The first 229 00:13:35,559 --> 00:13:39,120 Speaker 1: guy he went to was a University of Pennsylvania philosopher 230 00:13:39,880 --> 00:13:43,680 Speaker 1: UM and he had a really weird idea of what 231 00:13:43,800 --> 00:13:50,000 Speaker 1: the Voyage manuscript is really all about. Yeah, so if you, um, 232 00:13:50,040 --> 00:13:53,240 Speaker 1: if you look at the Voyage manuscript, the script is 233 00:13:53,280 --> 00:13:58,320 Speaker 1: like this weird really ornate lettering, right and it's actually 234 00:13:58,320 --> 00:14:01,280 Speaker 1: called gallows because a lot of it were like looks 235 00:14:01,320 --> 00:14:05,960 Speaker 1: a bit like a hangman's gallop, and um this uh. 236 00:14:06,400 --> 00:14:10,959 Speaker 1: University of Pennsylvania professor philosophy professor decided that it wasn't 237 00:14:11,000 --> 00:14:15,120 Speaker 1: the text itself that mattered. It was the little tiny 238 00:14:15,160 --> 00:14:21,520 Speaker 1: microscopic figures that the ink made inside each letter that 239 00:14:21,680 --> 00:14:25,360 Speaker 1: was the actual code. And I think Voytage like just 240 00:14:25,640 --> 00:14:28,160 Speaker 1: took his manuscript back and slowly backed out of the 241 00:14:28,200 --> 00:14:30,760 Speaker 1: room when the guys told him, man, yeah, he said, 242 00:14:30,760 --> 00:14:34,840 Speaker 1: they corresponded to Greek letters. Uh. And he actually said, 243 00:14:35,000 --> 00:14:37,840 Speaker 1: there's a message in here that confirms that it's Roger 244 00:14:37,840 --> 00:14:41,600 Speaker 1: Bacon inside the inc with these Greek letters. Uh. And 245 00:14:41,640 --> 00:14:46,400 Speaker 1: not only that, but Bacon well just some other theories 246 00:14:46,720 --> 00:14:49,360 Speaker 1: that's not even worth getting into, other theories that Bacon 247 00:14:49,800 --> 00:14:53,800 Speaker 1: hid in this inc. It was all untrue though, right. 248 00:14:54,320 --> 00:14:56,840 Speaker 1: Other people went back and said, oh, let us look 249 00:14:56,880 --> 00:15:01,840 Speaker 1: at these little weird um letters, microscopic letters that you're 250 00:15:01,840 --> 00:15:04,840 Speaker 1: seeing in the ink. Oh, well, that's just the ink 251 00:15:04,920 --> 00:15:08,560 Speaker 1: cracking as it dries, So you're nuts. Yeah, he I mean, 252 00:15:08,560 --> 00:15:10,360 Speaker 1: he tried to decrypt some of it, and it held 253 00:15:10,360 --> 00:15:12,880 Speaker 1: water for a little while, but it was only like 254 00:15:12,920 --> 00:15:16,000 Speaker 1: a very small part that was that even matched what 255 00:15:16,200 --> 00:15:21,360 Speaker 1: his decryption uh theory. So yeah, it didn't hold any water. 256 00:15:21,920 --> 00:15:23,280 Speaker 1: So that was the first guy who took a real 257 00:15:23,320 --> 00:15:26,560 Speaker 1: crack at it UM. The second people who did were 258 00:15:26,560 --> 00:15:29,960 Speaker 1: actually world War two codebreakers UM and the guy who 259 00:15:29,960 --> 00:15:33,800 Speaker 1: founded the n S a William Friedman who gets a 260 00:15:33,800 --> 00:15:36,120 Speaker 1: lot of the credit, but his wife is actually at 261 00:15:36,200 --> 00:15:39,400 Speaker 1: least as equal, if not as better, in in cryptography, 262 00:15:39,720 --> 00:15:43,440 Speaker 1: his wife Elizabeth, and they actually UM as World War 263 00:15:43,480 --> 00:15:46,440 Speaker 1: Two was waning, These people like broke the Japanese code right, 264 00:15:47,000 --> 00:15:48,760 Speaker 1: the Purple Code, I think is what it was called. 265 00:15:48,960 --> 00:15:52,720 Speaker 1: So they weren't like slouches as far as cryptography went. UM, 266 00:15:52,880 --> 00:15:55,640 Speaker 1: but they got together as the war was waning and 267 00:15:55,920 --> 00:15:58,880 Speaker 1: winding down and they weren't as needed any longer. They 268 00:15:59,200 --> 00:16:02,120 Speaker 1: got a bunch of their fellow cryptographers together and said, 269 00:16:02,160 --> 00:16:05,120 Speaker 1: let's work on the Voyage manuscript. And I guess they 270 00:16:05,160 --> 00:16:08,560 Speaker 1: probably figured that they would have it handled in short order. 271 00:16:08,960 --> 00:16:11,040 Speaker 1: That's not at all how it worked out. No, he 272 00:16:11,120 --> 00:16:13,680 Speaker 1: did not figure anything out. He gave up I think 273 00:16:13,680 --> 00:16:16,080 Speaker 1: he spent like thirty years working on it and then 274 00:16:16,160 --> 00:16:18,600 Speaker 1: finally declared that the thing was impossibly couldn't do it 275 00:16:18,640 --> 00:16:21,880 Speaker 1: and surrendered. I think it's how it was put. And 276 00:16:21,960 --> 00:16:25,640 Speaker 1: so after that this thing, once this guy and his 277 00:16:25,720 --> 00:16:29,880 Speaker 1: group said we can't do this, it kind of got 278 00:16:29,920 --> 00:16:33,080 Speaker 1: relegated to Yale for a while, and then the internet came. 279 00:16:33,960 --> 00:16:36,240 Speaker 1: That's right, So you want to talk about the book 280 00:16:36,280 --> 00:16:39,440 Speaker 1: itself a little bit, man, I would love to. The 281 00:16:39,480 --> 00:16:42,640 Speaker 1: book itself is two hundred and forty six pages, although 282 00:16:42,640 --> 00:16:45,920 Speaker 1: they think it is missing up to uh, you know, 283 00:16:46,160 --> 00:16:52,000 Speaker 1: fifty fifty five pages. Uh. I mean they don't know, 284 00:16:52,080 --> 00:16:54,080 Speaker 1: but they're guessing right, it could have been up to 285 00:16:54,080 --> 00:16:57,720 Speaker 1: two hundred and seventy three pages long. It's about nine 286 00:16:57,720 --> 00:17:02,800 Speaker 1: inches uh tall by six inches wide, and um, like 287 00:17:02,840 --> 00:17:05,359 Speaker 1: we said, it's on calf skin, which lends credence to 288 00:17:05,359 --> 00:17:08,879 Speaker 1: the fact that it's from the fourteen hundreds. It it 289 00:17:09,080 --> 00:17:13,080 Speaker 1: matches up with the carbon dating, so that makes some sense, 290 00:17:13,359 --> 00:17:17,879 Speaker 1: it does. They think that up to eight people worked 291 00:17:17,880 --> 00:17:21,359 Speaker 1: on the righting itself, and it is written from left 292 00:17:21,359 --> 00:17:25,000 Speaker 1: to right, which also lends credence to the fact that 293 00:17:25,080 --> 00:17:30,000 Speaker 1: could be European in nature. Makes sense, of course, uh, 294 00:17:31,160 --> 00:17:34,199 Speaker 1: although there are other theories that it is from the 295 00:17:34,240 --> 00:17:36,159 Speaker 1: eastern side of the world. But I don't know what 296 00:17:36,200 --> 00:17:38,560 Speaker 1: evidence they have on that. There's also the theories that 297 00:17:38,600 --> 00:17:41,320 Speaker 1: it's from the far west as well, if like Mexico 298 00:17:41,400 --> 00:17:44,479 Speaker 1: or Central Americas. Some people say that's right. Um. And 299 00:17:44,520 --> 00:17:48,600 Speaker 1: then so with the actual words themselves, the letters, there's 300 00:17:48,640 --> 00:17:53,840 Speaker 1: I think forty to forty characters in this weird alphabet 301 00:17:54,000 --> 00:17:56,480 Speaker 1: and understand, and that depends on who you ask. I've 302 00:17:56,480 --> 00:17:59,280 Speaker 1: seen as low as fifteen. Yeah, the highest I saw 303 00:17:59,359 --> 00:18:01,800 Speaker 1: is forty, but average I saw was thirty. Is what 304 00:18:01,840 --> 00:18:06,120 Speaker 1: people typically cite. Um, and these things, these letters are 305 00:18:06,119 --> 00:18:09,880 Speaker 1: put together to form what we would think of his words, 306 00:18:10,440 --> 00:18:13,800 Speaker 1: and then the words are put together without any punctuation, 307 00:18:14,359 --> 00:18:18,800 Speaker 1: and then occasionally are put into paragraphs. But for the 308 00:18:18,840 --> 00:18:20,840 Speaker 1: most part, it's just like world World World word, World 309 00:18:20,880 --> 00:18:24,159 Speaker 1: World Word. And then on almost every single page of 310 00:18:24,200 --> 00:18:28,560 Speaker 1: the codex itself, Um, there's an illustration of some sort 311 00:18:28,680 --> 00:18:32,119 Speaker 1: or another. Yeah, about two and twenty illustrations. Um. The 312 00:18:32,160 --> 00:18:35,280 Speaker 1: fact that it didn't have punctuation isn't a big deal. 313 00:18:35,320 --> 00:18:37,919 Speaker 1: Apparently that was pretty normal for the time, so that 314 00:18:37,960 --> 00:18:42,159 Speaker 1: doesn't really give anything away. Um. And it's also not 315 00:18:42,280 --> 00:18:47,879 Speaker 1: divided into chapters via text, but via illustrations. They believe 316 00:18:47,920 --> 00:18:51,840 Speaker 1: it might be divided into six different chapters, which are 317 00:18:51,960 --> 00:18:54,320 Speaker 1: a botanical this is where you're gonna find your weird 318 00:18:55,000 --> 00:19:01,080 Speaker 1: unknown plants, um astronomical which uh zos, adiacal signs, and 319 00:19:01,400 --> 00:19:04,000 Speaker 1: celestial bodies stuff like that, which are and we should 320 00:19:04,040 --> 00:19:07,640 Speaker 1: say the zodiac symbols and um drawings of the zodiac 321 00:19:07,640 --> 00:19:10,879 Speaker 1: are the only things that are unquestionably recognizable in the 322 00:19:10,920 --> 00:19:14,199 Speaker 1: whole book, which makes it even stranger that it's not 323 00:19:14,280 --> 00:19:19,639 Speaker 1: just completely fantastic. There's also some stuff that's recognizable. There's 324 00:19:19,680 --> 00:19:25,639 Speaker 1: a biological chapter with naked ladies doing weird things and 325 00:19:25,760 --> 00:19:30,240 Speaker 1: bathtubs um or possibly water slides. It kind of looks 326 00:19:30,280 --> 00:19:34,119 Speaker 1: like in at least one a water slide. Yeah, I 327 00:19:34,160 --> 00:19:35,919 Speaker 1: don't know what you would call it a water slide. 328 00:19:35,920 --> 00:19:38,159 Speaker 1: Maybe it would be uh No, there's one there's a 329 00:19:38,320 --> 00:19:41,400 Speaker 1: Roman aqueduct or something. There's another one though that's like 330 00:19:41,680 --> 00:19:45,320 Speaker 1: it's a vertical drawing straight up and down. Uh And 331 00:19:45,359 --> 00:19:49,199 Speaker 1: there's like three women that are clearly like together in 332 00:19:49,240 --> 00:19:51,480 Speaker 1: the way that that three people would go down a 333 00:19:51,520 --> 00:19:54,720 Speaker 1: water slide at once. There's one a little further down 334 00:19:54,840 --> 00:19:58,040 Speaker 1: and she's like on her back going downward, and then 335 00:19:58,040 --> 00:20:00,880 Speaker 1: there's another woman at the bottom who's like basically splashed 336 00:20:00,880 --> 00:20:04,840 Speaker 1: down the almost spitting image of a water slide, a 337 00:20:04,880 --> 00:20:09,120 Speaker 1: green water slide. Uh. There's cosmological um with just these 338 00:20:09,160 --> 00:20:14,840 Speaker 1: weird circular patterns. It almost looks like um, like crop circles, 339 00:20:15,359 --> 00:20:18,919 Speaker 1: just weird designs that make no sense. Uh. And then 340 00:20:18,960 --> 00:20:22,280 Speaker 1: pharmaceutical this is where they have like different parts of 341 00:20:22,320 --> 00:20:25,879 Speaker 1: plants broken down and these like jars and things that 342 00:20:25,960 --> 00:20:29,840 Speaker 1: doctors you know, may have put things in right, which 343 00:20:29,880 --> 00:20:31,919 Speaker 1: they did at the time in the medieval era. This 344 00:20:32,000 --> 00:20:35,320 Speaker 1: is what it like a pharmacist, a doctor would have 345 00:20:35,720 --> 00:20:38,919 Speaker 1: stored their pharmacological herb zoom, which is why they're like, 346 00:20:39,160 --> 00:20:43,199 Speaker 1: this is the pharmacological section. And then finally, um, no 347 00:20:43,320 --> 00:20:48,040 Speaker 1: illustrations in the recipe section. Uh, it's just nothing but deliciousness. 348 00:20:48,040 --> 00:20:50,200 Speaker 1: I don't know how they know it was a recipe section. 349 00:20:50,240 --> 00:20:53,760 Speaker 1: Even so, they divided the book up into these six 350 00:20:53,880 --> 00:20:57,720 Speaker 1: chapters and they actually think that, um, remember the book 351 00:20:57,840 --> 00:21:00,760 Speaker 1: was loose pages at one point, what was it, I 352 00:21:00,800 --> 00:21:05,680 Speaker 1: think a hundred and twenty folded pages, um. And they 353 00:21:05,720 --> 00:21:08,719 Speaker 1: think that when the whoever bounded because it was bounding 354 00:21:08,800 --> 00:21:13,760 Speaker 1: goat skin of a younger age than the actual manuscript, 355 00:21:14,480 --> 00:21:17,720 Speaker 1: that whoever bounded, got the pages out of order here 356 00:21:17,760 --> 00:21:19,879 Speaker 1: or there, so that there's some pages that are in 357 00:21:19,920 --> 00:21:25,359 Speaker 1: the wrong chapter, but that roughly it's in the right order. Yeah, uh, 358 00:21:25,400 --> 00:21:29,200 Speaker 1: they have. Um. Another reason it might be Europeans because 359 00:21:29,200 --> 00:21:31,919 Speaker 1: the average length of the word is four or five letters, 360 00:21:31,960 --> 00:21:35,919 Speaker 1: although there are no two letter words and nothing with 361 00:21:36,040 --> 00:21:41,040 Speaker 1: more than ten characters, which is just more confounding. It 362 00:21:41,200 --> 00:21:44,240 Speaker 1: is because none of it is there's no consistency that 363 00:21:44,400 --> 00:21:47,879 Speaker 1: points exactly in one direction basically. Well, even more confounding 364 00:21:47,960 --> 00:21:52,240 Speaker 1: is there are examples of the same word used in 365 00:21:52,359 --> 00:21:56,920 Speaker 1: succession two or three times. Here there up to five times, 366 00:21:56,920 --> 00:21:59,439 Speaker 1: so that's very odd. You don't see that very often, 367 00:21:59,480 --> 00:22:01,560 Speaker 1: and say English. Maybe they were just trying to make 368 00:22:01,600 --> 00:22:05,920 Speaker 1: a point. Times they're like I like this recipe very 369 00:22:06,119 --> 00:22:11,320 Speaker 1: very very very very much. You never know. Yeah, it 370 00:22:11,440 --> 00:22:15,560 Speaker 1: was written by Chainsaw and Dave from Summer School, who 371 00:22:16,160 --> 00:22:19,159 Speaker 1: remember that movie Summer School. They had to write like 372 00:22:19,200 --> 00:22:21,560 Speaker 1: a five word essay, so they used like the last 373 00:22:21,560 --> 00:22:24,840 Speaker 1: forty words where they like texas Chainsaw mask are very 374 00:22:24,960 --> 00:22:28,800 Speaker 1: very very battle trick. Yeah. So check. We've laid out 375 00:22:28,800 --> 00:22:31,080 Speaker 1: a lot of details here and we're not the first 376 00:22:31,080 --> 00:22:33,960 Speaker 1: person in the first people who notice these details, right, 377 00:22:34,920 --> 00:22:38,520 Speaker 1: Other people have and they really like studied them, especially 378 00:22:38,560 --> 00:22:44,280 Speaker 1: as the use of computing and linguistics has come together 379 00:22:44,320 --> 00:22:46,800 Speaker 1: in the twenty first century. And we will talk about 380 00:22:46,840 --> 00:23:15,000 Speaker 1: all that jazz right after this. So chuck, there's weird 381 00:23:15,080 --> 00:23:18,280 Speaker 1: things like the same word being used up to five 382 00:23:18,359 --> 00:23:22,240 Speaker 1: times in a row. There's no punctuation, which apparently is 383 00:23:22,280 --> 00:23:26,560 Speaker 1: fairly normal, no word over ten letters. All this stuff 384 00:23:26,600 --> 00:23:28,840 Speaker 1: like it seems weird. But if you put that into 385 00:23:28,840 --> 00:23:31,480 Speaker 1: a computer with what we know about language these days, 386 00:23:31,800 --> 00:23:35,520 Speaker 1: you can spit out some pretty interesting conclusions about the 387 00:23:35,600 --> 00:23:39,160 Speaker 1: Voyage Manuscript. One of the things that people have long said, 388 00:23:39,320 --> 00:23:44,199 Speaker 1: especially after William Friedman and his wife Elizabeth threw up 389 00:23:44,240 --> 00:23:47,159 Speaker 1: their hands and said we're done after thirty years of 390 00:23:47,200 --> 00:23:49,879 Speaker 1: studying this thing, a lot of people said, it's just 391 00:23:49,920 --> 00:23:52,280 Speaker 1: a hoax. It doesn't mean anything. It's gibberish. The reason 392 00:23:52,320 --> 00:23:55,280 Speaker 1: that no one will ever be able to crack it 393 00:23:55,320 --> 00:23:59,520 Speaker 1: is because it doesn't mean anything. And um, that's still 394 00:23:59,760 --> 00:24:03,280 Speaker 1: a longstanding theory. Like you can find plenty of journal 395 00:24:03,359 --> 00:24:07,040 Speaker 1: articles in um, you know, respectable pure of your journals 396 00:24:07,040 --> 00:24:09,520 Speaker 1: about how this thing is hoaxed. And in fact, there 397 00:24:09,600 --> 00:24:12,399 Speaker 1: was one a few years back that said, we found 398 00:24:12,400 --> 00:24:17,040 Speaker 1: a Renaissance cipher key, which is used for encoding anything, 399 00:24:17,040 --> 00:24:19,600 Speaker 1: but it was Renaissance era, and that if you took 400 00:24:19,680 --> 00:24:23,200 Speaker 1: gibberish and put it into it, you could conceivably come 401 00:24:23,280 --> 00:24:26,520 Speaker 1: up with what's in the Voyage manuscript. And everybody said, 402 00:24:26,520 --> 00:24:29,920 Speaker 1: that's great, you proved that it's possible, but you didn't 403 00:24:29,920 --> 00:24:33,080 Speaker 1: actually show how they did that to produce the Voyage manuscript. 404 00:24:33,240 --> 00:24:34,800 Speaker 1: So the thing is still a mystery. It doesn't really 405 00:24:34,920 --> 00:24:38,000 Speaker 1: prove anything, but it does support this idea that is, 406 00:24:38,240 --> 00:24:41,240 Speaker 1: it's possible, and no one involved in looking at the 407 00:24:41,280 --> 00:24:44,919 Speaker 1: Voyage Manuscript will disagree. It is possible that it is 408 00:24:45,200 --> 00:24:48,280 Speaker 1: just a hoax and that it is just gibberish. So 409 00:24:48,320 --> 00:24:52,840 Speaker 1: the hoax, there's a hoax theory, right, But there are 410 00:24:52,840 --> 00:24:54,840 Speaker 1: plenty of other theories as to this thing, and a 411 00:24:54,840 --> 00:24:58,560 Speaker 1: lot of them say, no, this thing is real. Uh yeah, Well. 412 00:24:58,560 --> 00:25:00,920 Speaker 1: One theory is that it's just a language that we 413 00:25:00,960 --> 00:25:04,199 Speaker 1: don't know and haven't seen. I don't buy that, no, 414 00:25:04,359 --> 00:25:07,360 Speaker 1: I mean, how could this possibly be the only surviving 415 00:25:07,440 --> 00:25:12,240 Speaker 1: evidence of that language you know exactly? Another theories that 416 00:25:12,280 --> 00:25:18,600 Speaker 1: it's just it's so well coded that it's impenetrable. But 417 00:25:18,760 --> 00:25:21,560 Speaker 1: that raises a good question too. So if you wanted 418 00:25:21,600 --> 00:25:25,880 Speaker 1: to code something, especially if it were safe for art 419 00:25:26,440 --> 00:25:29,359 Speaker 1: or a hoax or to show what an incredible mind 420 00:25:29,440 --> 00:25:33,200 Speaker 1: you had, why would you make it so impenetrable that 421 00:25:33,280 --> 00:25:36,080 Speaker 1: no one can ever possibly crack it. Yeah, it seems 422 00:25:36,080 --> 00:25:38,000 Speaker 1: like you would eventually be doing that for some sort 423 00:25:38,000 --> 00:25:42,600 Speaker 1: of recognition. Sure, so that kind of kicks a little bit, 424 00:25:42,720 --> 00:25:46,280 Speaker 1: kicks the legs out of that theory to me, or 425 00:25:46,280 --> 00:25:51,199 Speaker 1: that it's so important and secretive, like the meaning of 426 00:25:51,240 --> 00:25:54,439 Speaker 1: life is contained here in and it doesn't look like 427 00:25:54,480 --> 00:25:57,080 Speaker 1: it from looks like the illustrations. It doesn't because I 428 00:25:57,080 --> 00:26:00,520 Speaker 1: mean you say you're correct, the illustrations are kind of 429 00:26:00,560 --> 00:26:04,680 Speaker 1: hockey a little. Um, it's not the most Uh, it's 430 00:26:04,680 --> 00:26:06,840 Speaker 1: not the most gorgeous book you've ever seen. If it's 431 00:26:06,880 --> 00:26:11,040 Speaker 1: the Secrets in the Universe, then I'm pretty disappointed. Yeah. Yeah, 432 00:26:11,160 --> 00:26:16,760 Speaker 1: what's the third theory? Uh, there's another one that, um, well, 433 00:26:17,040 --> 00:26:20,200 Speaker 1: now that basically that it's gobbledygook, that that's sort of 434 00:26:21,160 --> 00:26:23,960 Speaker 1: the hoax thing. There's two different parts. One that it's 435 00:26:24,040 --> 00:26:26,840 Speaker 1: just gobbledygook and it was someone having fun, and another 436 00:26:26,840 --> 00:26:29,560 Speaker 1: one is that it was a hoax trying to fool 437 00:26:29,600 --> 00:26:32,120 Speaker 1: people into thinking something right, So that's sort of split 438 00:26:32,160 --> 00:26:36,080 Speaker 1: into two parts. Uh, mental illness is another theory. Yeah, 439 00:26:36,160 --> 00:26:41,000 Speaker 1: like um, Franciscan monk locked away in a room with 440 00:26:41,320 --> 00:26:45,440 Speaker 1: autism who like just really went to town. Yeah, that's 441 00:26:45,440 --> 00:26:48,560 Speaker 1: a that's actually a theory as well, or that it 442 00:26:48,680 --> 00:26:56,240 Speaker 1: might be religious like speaking in tongues transcribed. Yeah, you 443 00:26:56,280 --> 00:27:00,400 Speaker 1: want to hear my theory. Yeah, you think it's drugs. Yeah, man, 444 00:27:01,080 --> 00:27:03,560 Speaker 1: so kind of like where you'll find like the doodles 445 00:27:03,560 --> 00:27:08,000 Speaker 1: in a college textbook margin. I think someone uh got 446 00:27:08,080 --> 00:27:11,840 Speaker 1: ahold of a lot of really good hallucinogenics and over 447 00:27:11,880 --> 00:27:15,760 Speaker 1: the course of a few months did them and did this. Yeah, 448 00:27:16,080 --> 00:27:18,080 Speaker 1: so went on like a three month bender and ended 449 00:27:18,160 --> 00:27:20,920 Speaker 1: up spitting out the voyage spanning script or a lifelong bender. 450 00:27:21,040 --> 00:27:22,760 Speaker 1: And this was just one of the things they produced. 451 00:27:22,760 --> 00:27:24,840 Speaker 1: I mean, that's pretty interesting, to tell you the truth. 452 00:27:24,880 --> 00:27:27,120 Speaker 1: I don't think it's pretty druggy to me. It does 453 00:27:27,359 --> 00:27:31,280 Speaker 1: also again, the quality of the um the illustrations themselves 454 00:27:31,400 --> 00:27:34,520 Speaker 1: kind of suggest like this is really awesome, but I 455 00:27:34,520 --> 00:27:38,480 Speaker 1: don't have full control over my my motor cortex right now. Yeah. 456 00:27:38,520 --> 00:27:41,439 Speaker 1: Plus it it would solve the problem of like it 457 00:27:41,480 --> 00:27:44,560 Speaker 1: has meeting, or it can be transcribed, or this person 458 00:27:44,600 --> 00:27:48,240 Speaker 1: was trying to get famous. Yeah, they're just making it. Yeah, 459 00:27:48,600 --> 00:27:51,160 Speaker 1: so that's a pretty good theory. Um, let's go back 460 00:27:51,200 --> 00:27:53,639 Speaker 1: to the hoax theory, right, Yeah, there's a lot of 461 00:27:53,640 --> 00:27:56,119 Speaker 1: people who shout down the hoax theory because they say, 462 00:27:57,320 --> 00:28:01,520 Speaker 1: do you know how much time this thing took? Sure, like, yeah, 463 00:28:01,720 --> 00:28:05,600 Speaker 1: that's a that's one. So the hoax people would say back, well, 464 00:28:05,800 --> 00:28:08,600 Speaker 1: people still made hoaxes in the Renaissance, which is the 465 00:28:08,600 --> 00:28:11,920 Speaker 1: time this book first popped up. They made fraudulent medieval 466 00:28:12,000 --> 00:28:15,359 Speaker 1: documents because that's when antiquarian book collecting really started and 467 00:28:15,400 --> 00:28:17,600 Speaker 1: you could make some money from some suckers like Rudolph 468 00:28:17,640 --> 00:28:21,399 Speaker 1: the Second. Right, So I mean there's like a there's 469 00:28:21,600 --> 00:28:24,720 Speaker 1: definitely teeth in both arguments as to whether it's a 470 00:28:24,720 --> 00:28:27,919 Speaker 1: hoax or whether it's not. But as we've gotten a 471 00:28:27,960 --> 00:28:31,120 Speaker 1: lot better with um using computers to figure out things 472 00:28:31,200 --> 00:28:34,680 Speaker 1: like statistical distribution and stuff like that, and have applied 473 00:28:34,720 --> 00:28:38,320 Speaker 1: it to things like language. When looking at the Voyage manuscript, 474 00:28:38,760 --> 00:28:42,360 Speaker 1: it actually follows a lot of the patterns that a 475 00:28:42,480 --> 00:28:45,000 Speaker 1: natural language does, which leads a lot of people to 476 00:28:45,080 --> 00:28:49,120 Speaker 1: believe that no, there's actually real meaning in the Voyage 477 00:28:49,160 --> 00:28:53,200 Speaker 1: Manuscript that we just haven't unlocked. Yeah. So for example, 478 00:28:53,280 --> 00:28:57,040 Speaker 1: like um, the different sections have their own vocabulary. There's 479 00:28:57,080 --> 00:28:59,960 Speaker 1: words that show up and say like the pharmacological sect 480 00:29:00,080 --> 00:29:03,880 Speaker 1: and do not appear anywhere in the cosmological section, which 481 00:29:03,920 --> 00:29:06,760 Speaker 1: again is something that you would find in natural language. 482 00:29:06,760 --> 00:29:10,880 Speaker 1: If you're reading a chapter of a textbook on cosmology, 483 00:29:10,960 --> 00:29:15,040 Speaker 1: and you pick up a book on far pharmacology, like, 484 00:29:15,200 --> 00:29:17,280 Speaker 1: there's gonna be words in each one that would not 485 00:29:17,440 --> 00:29:20,640 Speaker 1: appear in the other one, right, And that's how the 486 00:29:20,680 --> 00:29:23,560 Speaker 1: Voyage Manuscript is. That's a big one. There's this thing 487 00:29:23,640 --> 00:29:27,000 Speaker 1: called Zip's law, which is probably a podcast episode in 488 00:29:27,040 --> 00:29:30,800 Speaker 1: and of itself. But Zip's laws this weird statistical law 489 00:29:30,880 --> 00:29:37,880 Speaker 1: that says that, um, say, the second most common word, 490 00:29:37,960 --> 00:29:41,360 Speaker 1: the second most frequently used word, will be used twice 491 00:29:41,360 --> 00:29:45,200 Speaker 1: as much as the third most frequently used word, The 492 00:29:45,280 --> 00:29:48,560 Speaker 1: third most frequently used word will be used three times 493 00:29:48,560 --> 00:29:51,760 Speaker 1: as much as the fourth most frequently used word. It's 494 00:29:51,760 --> 00:29:53,720 Speaker 1: a really weird thing, and it appears to be a 495 00:29:53,800 --> 00:29:58,000 Speaker 1: natural law, and apparently natural languages follow this kind of distribution, 496 00:29:58,320 --> 00:30:00,720 Speaker 1: so does the Voyage Manuscript. So to come up with 497 00:30:00,840 --> 00:30:06,480 Speaker 1: Zip's Law, which wasn't discovered until the nineteen thirties. I think, 498 00:30:06,800 --> 00:30:10,640 Speaker 1: so to create this text understanding that Zip's Law was 499 00:30:10,680 --> 00:30:13,320 Speaker 1: eventually going to be discovered, and then going to the 500 00:30:13,360 --> 00:30:16,880 Speaker 1: trouble of predicting the frequency of these words that you're 501 00:30:16,920 --> 00:30:20,920 Speaker 1: going to use and then spreading them out accordingly. Again, 502 00:30:20,960 --> 00:30:25,040 Speaker 1: it's not impossible, but it's mind boggling the amount of 503 00:30:25,080 --> 00:30:28,480 Speaker 1: work that would have been put into this being a hoax. Yeah, 504 00:30:28,520 --> 00:30:34,120 Speaker 1: here's my deal too. Let's say it is a cipher um. 505 00:30:34,160 --> 00:30:36,680 Speaker 1: From from looking at the thing, it would just end 506 00:30:36,720 --> 00:30:39,440 Speaker 1: up being you know, this is this plant, this is 507 00:30:39,480 --> 00:30:43,000 Speaker 1: this recipe. It just seems kind of boring to begin with. 508 00:30:44,160 --> 00:30:46,080 Speaker 1: And for that reason, a lot of people hope that 509 00:30:46,120 --> 00:30:48,640 Speaker 1: the Voyage Manuscript has never cracked that one was. Yeah, 510 00:30:48,640 --> 00:30:51,000 Speaker 1: they don't want to discover that they Yeah, I mean 511 00:30:51,040 --> 00:30:54,360 Speaker 1: like because ultimately it is there's pictures of plants there 512 00:30:54,360 --> 00:30:56,960 Speaker 1: and they look weird and everything. But if we cracked 513 00:30:57,000 --> 00:31:00,800 Speaker 1: this code, it would as as this one. I, um, 514 00:31:01,120 --> 00:31:03,920 Speaker 1: what is his name? He a dude named Read Johnson 515 00:31:03,920 --> 00:31:06,240 Speaker 1: wrote a New Yorker article on it. I don't think 516 00:31:06,240 --> 00:31:08,680 Speaker 1: there's been a podcast this year where we didn't mention 517 00:31:08,680 --> 00:31:13,880 Speaker 1: a New Yorker article that that magazine is banging read 518 00:31:14,160 --> 00:31:17,680 Speaker 1: read Johnson said he'd put it that right now, the 519 00:31:17,760 --> 00:31:20,600 Speaker 1: Voyage manuscript is in this quantum state where it's in 520 00:31:20,640 --> 00:31:23,440 Speaker 1: all positions at once. But once we crack it, they'll 521 00:31:23,480 --> 00:31:26,480 Speaker 1: be forced to take this collapse into this one single 522 00:31:26,560 --> 00:31:30,120 Speaker 1: position and it'll lose all of its mystery or aura. 523 00:31:30,320 --> 00:31:33,240 Speaker 1: It'll just be the farmer's almanact. Yeah, and that it's 524 00:31:33,240 --> 00:31:35,800 Speaker 1: as it is right now. It's in basically it's perfect 525 00:31:35,840 --> 00:31:40,040 Speaker 1: form to stop working people. Right. But that's not the 526 00:31:40,080 --> 00:31:42,600 Speaker 1: case at all, because, as I said before, the Internet 527 00:31:42,640 --> 00:31:44,520 Speaker 1: is on this and there are a lot of people 528 00:31:44,560 --> 00:31:47,920 Speaker 1: who think that they have cracked it, but I haven't. Necessarily. Yeah, 529 00:31:48,000 --> 00:31:52,480 Speaker 1: there's this one guy, Um Stephen Backs. He's a professor 530 00:31:52,520 --> 00:31:56,680 Speaker 1: of applied linguistics at the University of Bedfordshire in England, 531 00:31:56,760 --> 00:32:00,880 Speaker 1: and he said he claims he's deciphered fourteen characters. The 532 00:32:00,960 --> 00:32:04,520 Speaker 1: reason that this is somewhat believable because he's not saying, hey, 533 00:32:04,600 --> 00:32:06,920 Speaker 1: I know what the whole thing means. He's he's being 534 00:32:07,000 --> 00:32:11,800 Speaker 1: very modest and saying, of cipher deciphered only fourteen characters 535 00:32:12,240 --> 00:32:18,200 Speaker 1: based on what he thinks are matching plants Juniper coriander 536 00:32:18,280 --> 00:32:25,680 Speaker 1: and Hella bore uh specifically and Taurus an illustration um, 537 00:32:25,800 --> 00:32:29,320 Speaker 1: basically the constellation Taurus. So he thinks, I would if 538 00:32:29,320 --> 00:32:32,360 Speaker 1: you can identify those pictures, then you should be able 539 00:32:32,400 --> 00:32:36,880 Speaker 1: to correspond the letters saying those names next to them. Right. 540 00:32:36,960 --> 00:32:38,960 Speaker 1: He went on a hunt for like proper nouns in 541 00:32:39,000 --> 00:32:41,240 Speaker 1: the text, Yeah, which is pretty good approaches. Yeah. Yeah, 542 00:32:41,280 --> 00:32:44,840 Speaker 1: I think he said he identified fourteen right, fourteen characters 543 00:32:44,920 --> 00:32:50,320 Speaker 1: only Oh I thought it was fourteen words, no ten words. Um, 544 00:32:50,360 --> 00:32:52,640 Speaker 1: And he's the first to say, like, I might be right, 545 00:32:52,640 --> 00:32:55,400 Speaker 1: it might be wrong. This is certainly not a closed case. 546 00:32:55,440 --> 00:32:57,120 Speaker 1: But here's my best crack at it. Well, there's a 547 00:32:57,120 --> 00:33:00,000 Speaker 1: live science article on our podcast page for this episod 548 00:33:00,000 --> 00:33:03,560 Speaker 1: so that has um kind of a rundown of his discovery. 549 00:33:03,560 --> 00:33:06,360 Speaker 1: And I think embedded in it is a YouTube video 550 00:33:06,680 --> 00:33:09,920 Speaker 1: that he made demonstrating how he found this. Yeah, and 551 00:33:09,920 --> 00:33:11,880 Speaker 1: he's not a crackpot. He seems like a good guy. 552 00:33:12,120 --> 00:33:16,160 Speaker 1: He's at Bedfordshire. There's another dude, is that the latest 553 00:33:16,160 --> 00:33:21,800 Speaker 1: theory is from guy named Nick pelling um Britain. Nick Pelling, 554 00:33:22,640 --> 00:33:26,960 Speaker 1: I guess that's his name. I thought two thousand six. Uh, 555 00:33:27,000 --> 00:33:28,680 Speaker 1: he came up with this theory. That was an Italian 556 00:33:28,760 --> 00:33:34,400 Speaker 1: architect name Antonio Abolino um as the author and he says, 557 00:33:34,680 --> 00:33:36,600 Speaker 1: you know what, I think this guy tried to escape 558 00:33:36,600 --> 00:33:41,280 Speaker 1: a Tanbul around five and before he left recorded his 559 00:33:41,400 --> 00:33:45,960 Speaker 1: knowledge of said place. UM. But basically that's been shot 560 00:33:46,000 --> 00:33:49,440 Speaker 1: down for various reasons. So there are a lot of 561 00:33:49,480 --> 00:33:53,880 Speaker 1: people believe that northern Italy is where it was made 562 00:33:54,120 --> 00:33:57,880 Speaker 1: where it's from um. So that part's not entirely like 563 00:33:57,920 --> 00:34:01,640 Speaker 1: out of the realm of possibility, but um. And the 564 00:34:01,680 --> 00:34:04,040 Speaker 1: reason why they think it was actually in the Tyrolean 565 00:34:04,080 --> 00:34:08,080 Speaker 1: Alps is the predominant view of where the Codex was made. UM. 566 00:34:08,080 --> 00:34:11,000 Speaker 1: But if you look at some of the pictures just 567 00:34:11,080 --> 00:34:15,799 Speaker 1: drawing on the margins of castles, the architecture depicted is 568 00:34:15,880 --> 00:34:19,600 Speaker 1: peculiar to the Northern Alps from that time, in northern 569 00:34:19,640 --> 00:34:22,239 Speaker 1: Italian Alps from that time, and usually write about in 570 00:34:22,239 --> 00:34:26,080 Speaker 1: pain about what you know? Yes plus around uh trent 571 00:34:26,200 --> 00:34:30,640 Speaker 1: to I believe, um, there there are some healing waters 572 00:34:30,960 --> 00:34:33,480 Speaker 1: and I think possibly that's what's depicted with the women 573 00:34:33,560 --> 00:34:39,279 Speaker 1: bathing and water sliding and water sliding. Uh. So I 574 00:34:39,320 --> 00:34:41,799 Speaker 1: think I do agree that let's well, I mean, keep 575 00:34:41,800 --> 00:34:43,960 Speaker 1: on trying, but I don't think anyone's gonna correct this thing. 576 00:34:44,320 --> 00:34:46,120 Speaker 1: So I think the mystery will remain, which is kind 577 00:34:46,120 --> 00:34:49,720 Speaker 1: of neat. But you do think that there's actual language 578 00:34:49,800 --> 00:34:52,840 Speaker 1: encoded in it? No, I think it's drugs, Okay, So 579 00:34:52,880 --> 00:34:56,560 Speaker 1: you think it's just total gibberish. Yeah, or or you know, 580 00:34:57,200 --> 00:34:59,320 Speaker 1: this dude and his drug friends made up a language 581 00:34:59,520 --> 00:35:03,360 Speaker 1: that exists that within their turret. But again it's following 582 00:35:04,640 --> 00:35:13,880 Speaker 1: almost unpredictable, just so unbelievably complex statistical distribution of of 583 00:35:13,920 --> 00:35:17,400 Speaker 1: words and letters that it's like that the genius it 584 00:35:17,440 --> 00:35:20,880 Speaker 1: would take to fake that or even accidentally make it up, 585 00:35:20,920 --> 00:35:24,440 Speaker 1: as I'm saying, maybe they did have have their own 586 00:35:24,480 --> 00:35:27,959 Speaker 1: little language, Well they were, there were some smart burnouts. Yeah, 587 00:35:28,719 --> 00:35:30,520 Speaker 1: there were a lot of smart burnouts back then. I 588 00:35:30,560 --> 00:35:32,600 Speaker 1: wonder if they would be blown away to know that 589 00:35:32,640 --> 00:35:35,480 Speaker 1: people were still trying to crack that code that they 590 00:35:35,480 --> 00:35:38,040 Speaker 1: made in high school listening to Van Halen. Or maybe 591 00:35:38,040 --> 00:35:42,080 Speaker 1: there's some other discovery yet to be made of another text, 592 00:35:43,400 --> 00:35:47,120 Speaker 1: a legend, perhaps you know, a Rosetta stone as it were. Yeah, 593 00:35:47,120 --> 00:35:50,120 Speaker 1: maybe they just haven't found it yet, and there maybe 594 00:35:50,160 --> 00:35:53,839 Speaker 1: there's a whole series of things. Um, you would think 595 00:35:53,840 --> 00:35:55,520 Speaker 1: it would have popped up by now, but you never know, 596 00:35:55,800 --> 00:35:58,600 Speaker 1: or maybe that has lost the time forever. I'm sticking 597 00:35:58,640 --> 00:36:01,719 Speaker 1: with the multiverse idea. Yeah, it's fun to theorize if 598 00:36:01,760 --> 00:36:04,000 Speaker 1: you want to fall down a rabbit hole. I also 599 00:36:04,000 --> 00:36:07,040 Speaker 1: want to say, before we sign off, go to Voynage 600 00:36:07,520 --> 00:36:11,520 Speaker 1: dot nu. There is a dude named Renee zanderberg In 601 00:36:11,800 --> 00:36:15,920 Speaker 1: who is a pre eminent voyage scholar. Uh, and he 602 00:36:16,000 --> 00:36:18,600 Speaker 1: actually discovered a letter. It was like the the only 603 00:36:18,640 --> 00:36:22,440 Speaker 1: the second letter associated with the Voyage manuscript ever discovered. 604 00:36:22,480 --> 00:36:25,880 Speaker 1: The first one was discovered with the voyage manuscript. Um. 605 00:36:25,920 --> 00:36:28,200 Speaker 1: So he's like hardcore knows what he's doing when it 606 00:36:28,239 --> 00:36:30,640 Speaker 1: comes to the Voyage manuscript. And he's compiled this really 607 00:36:30,680 --> 00:36:33,719 Speaker 1: amazing website where it's like, here's all the information we have, 608 00:36:33,880 --> 00:36:37,680 Speaker 1: here's what we know. Not slanted, not like I'm right 609 00:36:37,760 --> 00:36:40,560 Speaker 1: or anything. That's just a really interesting website to go 610 00:36:40,680 --> 00:36:43,880 Speaker 1: check out. Does he have did you have everything pasted 611 00:36:44,120 --> 00:36:49,279 Speaker 1: on his wall with like yarn at the scratched out 612 00:36:49,360 --> 00:36:52,319 Speaker 1: on all the pictures. I think it's pretty neat. I 613 00:36:52,320 --> 00:36:55,320 Speaker 1: mean I just like things that are unknown and you 614 00:36:55,360 --> 00:36:57,640 Speaker 1: can speculate all day, and it's not one of these 615 00:36:57,719 --> 00:37:02,680 Speaker 1: unknowns where, uh, you know, where skeptics can come in 616 00:37:02,760 --> 00:37:06,080 Speaker 1: and say, you know, this doesn't even exist, like it's 617 00:37:06,080 --> 00:37:08,279 Speaker 1: a real thing. Yeah, they're like it's a hoax. They 618 00:37:08,360 --> 00:37:11,000 Speaker 1: just got their hands on some velum. But really, and 619 00:37:11,040 --> 00:37:15,719 Speaker 1: they predicted that we would be carbon dating fifty years later. 620 00:37:15,920 --> 00:37:19,080 Speaker 1: I don't think so, Buddy goes down. It's nice like 621 00:37:19,120 --> 00:37:24,600 Speaker 1: it's a genuine bona fide mystery residing in the Yale Library. 622 00:37:25,640 --> 00:37:27,560 Speaker 1: If you want to know more about the Voyage Manuscript, 623 00:37:27,560 --> 00:37:29,400 Speaker 1: like I said, go to voytage dot and you. You 624 00:37:29,440 --> 00:37:32,879 Speaker 1: can also visit our website at um how stuff works 625 00:37:32,920 --> 00:37:35,560 Speaker 1: dot com by typing voyage in the search bar. And 626 00:37:35,600 --> 00:37:38,920 Speaker 1: since I said dot and you, it's time for listener 627 00:37:39,040 --> 00:37:42,120 Speaker 1: mail or the Yale Library is it on display or 628 00:37:42,160 --> 00:37:44,600 Speaker 1: is it chucked away? They actually, I'm glad you brought 629 00:37:44,640 --> 00:37:49,840 Speaker 1: that up. There's another um uh, the Yale Collection. They 630 00:37:49,880 --> 00:37:52,759 Speaker 1: did high resolution scans of every single page. You can 631 00:37:52,840 --> 00:37:55,480 Speaker 1: go on to the Yale Library site and basically browse 632 00:37:55,520 --> 00:37:59,080 Speaker 1: the Voyage Manuscript. You have to have a an appointment 633 00:37:59,160 --> 00:38:02,080 Speaker 1: and get permission first, which I imagine would be the 634 00:38:02,080 --> 00:38:04,920 Speaker 1: result of like an extensive letter writing campaign. You have 635 00:38:04,960 --> 00:38:07,080 Speaker 1: to make an appointment to go see the actual thing, yes, 636 00:38:07,120 --> 00:38:09,480 Speaker 1: but I mean not just like. I'll be there at 637 00:38:09,520 --> 00:38:11,759 Speaker 1: five Tuesday. How's our for your Like you have to 638 00:38:11,800 --> 00:38:14,600 Speaker 1: get permission and submit your credentials and all that stuff. 639 00:38:15,239 --> 00:38:17,520 Speaker 1: But you could conceivably see it. You have to be 640 00:38:17,560 --> 00:38:23,120 Speaker 1: a friend of John Hondgman he holds the keys um 641 00:38:23,160 --> 00:38:26,000 Speaker 1: all right, Uh okay, So the answer is they don't 642 00:38:26,040 --> 00:38:30,919 Speaker 1: have it on display prominently. That's another way of saying 643 00:38:30,920 --> 00:38:34,520 Speaker 1: what I said. All right, I'm gonna call this. Uh, 644 00:38:34,560 --> 00:38:37,080 Speaker 1: my baby won't sleep. Hey, guys, I'm sure you get 645 00:38:37,080 --> 00:38:40,480 Speaker 1: a handful of thanks every day, Actually not as many 646 00:38:40,520 --> 00:38:43,200 Speaker 1: as you'd think, But I just want to offer up 647 00:38:43,239 --> 00:38:45,560 Speaker 1: my thanks for my wife, my daughter, and I. My 648 00:38:45,600 --> 00:38:48,719 Speaker 1: wife and I recently had a baby, Madeline. At times 649 00:38:48,800 --> 00:38:51,120 Speaker 1: we find ourselves up all hours of the night attending 650 00:38:51,160 --> 00:38:53,480 Speaker 1: to a sleepless baby. I think she was born on 651 00:38:53,520 --> 00:38:56,279 Speaker 1: a twelve hour jet lag, and for that we take 652 00:38:56,320 --> 00:38:59,960 Speaker 1: the Red Eye every night until she ad just. Uh. 653 00:39:00,000 --> 00:39:01,600 Speaker 1: When we have tried every method in the book to 654 00:39:01,600 --> 00:39:03,040 Speaker 1: try and get her to sleep, it just seems like 655 00:39:03,080 --> 00:39:06,360 Speaker 1: nothing will do. However, we've come to find that she 656 00:39:06,440 --> 00:39:09,040 Speaker 1: loves car rides. So whether it's one am, two am, 657 00:39:09,160 --> 00:39:11,000 Speaker 1: or four in the morning, there's a good chance we 658 00:39:11,040 --> 00:39:13,719 Speaker 1: are in the car driving around the neighborhood, listening to 659 00:39:13,760 --> 00:39:18,359 Speaker 1: stuff you should know that sounds really creepy, hearing our 660 00:39:18,440 --> 00:39:22,279 Speaker 1: voices echoed down empty streets. Yeah, while we're trying to 661 00:39:22,280 --> 00:39:24,120 Speaker 1: get our daughter to fall asleep. And now it's cute 662 00:39:24,120 --> 00:39:26,480 Speaker 1: again when I can assure you that I don't fall 663 00:39:26,520 --> 00:39:28,640 Speaker 1: asleep in the cars, being the one driving, I can say. 664 00:39:28,880 --> 00:39:30,799 Speaker 1: I can't say the same for my daughter. It's not 665 00:39:31,280 --> 00:39:33,120 Speaker 1: to say that you guys put her to sleep, but 666 00:39:33,200 --> 00:39:35,040 Speaker 1: I think it's the combination of a car seat or 667 00:39:35,080 --> 00:39:39,040 Speaker 1: running engine and the background background noise of two podcasters. 668 00:39:39,640 --> 00:39:42,040 Speaker 1: So thank you for keep us, keeping us up listening 669 00:39:42,040 --> 00:39:44,239 Speaker 1: to your show at the same time putting my daughter 670 00:39:44,280 --> 00:39:46,600 Speaker 1: to sleep. You may have the youngest stuff you should 671 00:39:46,640 --> 00:39:49,239 Speaker 1: know fan at only a month old, and that is 672 00:39:49,440 --> 00:39:54,960 Speaker 1: sleepless and hat Field p a wow. So we've been 673 00:39:54,960 --> 00:39:57,120 Speaker 1: told by plenty of adults that we put them to sleep, 674 00:39:57,160 --> 00:40:00,040 Speaker 1: so it's nice that there's just a little cute to 675 00:40:00,120 --> 00:40:03,400 Speaker 1: be now. So our one month old Fan is not 676 00:40:03,480 --> 00:40:07,120 Speaker 1: our youngest. We have one that's even younger one born 677 00:40:07,120 --> 00:40:11,680 Speaker 1: on October. We want to wish a huge, huge hearty 678 00:40:11,719 --> 00:40:17,880 Speaker 1: congratulations to our buddy Adam and serena huge congrats the 679 00:40:18,120 --> 00:40:22,360 Speaker 1: utes couple. Cute baby yes uh right out of the 680 00:40:22,400 --> 00:40:25,680 Speaker 1: womb cute, which is yes, not often the case, he 681 00:40:25,800 --> 00:40:29,280 Speaker 1: really is. His name is Henry Hollis, so do you guys. 682 00:40:29,320 --> 00:40:33,360 Speaker 1: Congratulations Henry, Welcome to the Stuff you Should Know family, 683 00:40:33,480 --> 00:40:37,120 Speaker 1: and UM. Way to go, dude, agreed. Um. If you 684 00:40:37,160 --> 00:40:39,320 Speaker 1: want to get in touch with us, you can tweet 685 00:40:39,360 --> 00:40:41,839 Speaker 1: to us at s y s K podcast. You can 686 00:40:41,920 --> 00:40:44,440 Speaker 1: join us on Facebook dot com, slash Stuff you Should Know. 687 00:40:44,920 --> 00:40:48,000 Speaker 1: You can send us uh an email to Stuff Podcast 688 00:40:48,040 --> 00:40:50,680 Speaker 1: at house stuff works dot com and has always join 689 00:40:50,760 --> 00:40:53,040 Speaker 1: us at our home on the web, Stuff you Should 690 00:40:53,080 --> 00:41:01,600 Speaker 1: Know dot com. For more on this in thousands of 691 00:41:01,640 --> 00:41:12,680 Speaker 1: other tappics, isn't Hasta works dot com