1 00:00:03,800 --> 00:00:06,680 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff to Blow Your Mind from how stuff 2 00:00:06,680 --> 00:00:13,960 Speaker 1: Works dot com. Hey, welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind. 3 00:00:14,000 --> 00:00:16,639 Speaker 1: My name is Robert lamp and I'm Julie Douglas, and 4 00:00:16,640 --> 00:00:18,680 Speaker 1: we're gonna kick right in on a topic we've talked 5 00:00:18,680 --> 00:00:23,240 Speaker 1: about before, about the microbial legions that live inside us, 6 00:00:23,520 --> 00:00:30,240 Speaker 1: about our growing revelation that it's not just us versus bacteria. 7 00:00:30,280 --> 00:00:32,879 Speaker 1: It's us and bacteria it's not and and then you 8 00:00:32,920 --> 00:00:35,559 Speaker 1: even get into this weird area where it's really hard 9 00:00:35,600 --> 00:00:39,600 Speaker 1: to define what us really is. Yeah. Actually, there have 10 00:00:39,640 --> 00:00:42,960 Speaker 1: been a bunch of articles that have come out to 11 00:00:43,000 --> 00:00:45,599 Speaker 1: talk about this idea, and we've we've discussed this as well. 12 00:00:45,680 --> 00:00:49,839 Speaker 1: We've talked about more specifics. Yeah, we discussed this in 13 00:00:49,880 --> 00:00:53,120 Speaker 1: the the kids, Uh, Stuff to blow your kid's mind. Boy, 14 00:00:53,159 --> 00:00:57,480 Speaker 1: it's early. I can't remembering the things that we did. 15 00:00:57,960 --> 00:01:00,200 Speaker 1: We we talked about bacteria all the time, is what 16 00:01:00,240 --> 00:01:04,080 Speaker 1: you're saying, but more specific to um, you know, perhaps 17 00:01:04,200 --> 00:01:08,279 Speaker 1: diseases or the gut and how it affects our moods. Um. 18 00:01:08,319 --> 00:01:10,000 Speaker 1: But yeah, there's been a bunch of data that has 19 00:01:10,040 --> 00:01:12,440 Speaker 1: come out, UM. And this is out of something called 20 00:01:12,440 --> 00:01:15,680 Speaker 1: the Human Microbiome Project, which is very similar to the 21 00:01:15,760 --> 00:01:18,080 Speaker 1: Human Genome project, and we're gonna talk a little bit 22 00:01:18,160 --> 00:01:21,319 Speaker 1: more about that. But there's this idea that bacteria just 23 00:01:21,480 --> 00:01:24,240 Speaker 1: isn't getting the respect that it deserves, that that it 24 00:01:24,360 --> 00:01:31,320 Speaker 1: is more like a micro um biome organ like we 25 00:01:31,360 --> 00:01:33,480 Speaker 1: should look at this as an organ in our body, 26 00:01:33,520 --> 00:01:37,120 Speaker 1: This this team um of bacteria that lives within us, 27 00:01:37,160 --> 00:01:39,839 Speaker 1: as opposed to like, oh yeah, we've got some bacteria 28 00:01:39,840 --> 00:01:42,240 Speaker 1: on us. It's it's witching a ride. And then and 29 00:01:42,680 --> 00:01:45,360 Speaker 1: so far studies have have more or less fallen in 30 00:01:45,440 --> 00:01:49,240 Speaker 1: line with that line of thinking because like previously, we 31 00:01:49,320 --> 00:01:51,240 Speaker 1: just we didn't give it bacteria much thought, and then 32 00:01:51,280 --> 00:01:54,080 Speaker 1: we thought, oh, bacterious the enemy. And then we started 33 00:01:54,080 --> 00:01:56,360 Speaker 1: looking a little closer at saying, well, let's look at 34 00:01:56,640 --> 00:02:01,040 Speaker 1: at fecal bacteria and uh, and in with the hope 35 00:02:01,080 --> 00:02:06,000 Speaker 1: of understand better understanding various intestinal situations, let's look at 36 00:02:06,440 --> 00:02:09,639 Speaker 1: um that the mouth bacteria of a normal person. But there, 37 00:02:09,720 --> 00:02:12,800 Speaker 1: but there hasn't been until now this, uh, this real 38 00:02:12,880 --> 00:02:16,520 Speaker 1: effort to understand our micro geom as as a whole. 39 00:02:16,880 --> 00:02:20,800 Speaker 1: It's to really understand the the micro's inside us. Like 40 00:02:20,880 --> 00:02:24,680 Speaker 1: you say, as this this entity right that that is 41 00:02:25,000 --> 00:02:27,480 Speaker 1: doing so much more than we ever could have imagined. 42 00:02:28,120 --> 00:02:30,600 Speaker 1: But let's talk about it first as as the enemy, 43 00:02:30,680 --> 00:02:33,720 Speaker 1: because this has really been our history with bacteria, at 44 00:02:33,760 --> 00:02:37,760 Speaker 1: least in the modern world. Yeah. This, Um, we we 45 00:02:37,880 --> 00:02:40,280 Speaker 1: get into this this area where all right, we recognize 46 00:02:40,280 --> 00:02:44,280 Speaker 1: that bacteria can and does do destructive things to the 47 00:02:44,360 --> 00:02:47,600 Speaker 1: human body, So we need a weapon to fight it, right, 48 00:02:48,000 --> 00:02:51,280 Speaker 1: So we end up using this thing called trickle sand, 49 00:02:51,480 --> 00:02:54,320 Speaker 1: which is pretty crazy, created more than forty years ago 50 00:02:54,600 --> 00:02:58,200 Speaker 1: surgical scrub for hospitals, so heavy duty stuff, right, But 51 00:02:58,320 --> 00:03:00,520 Speaker 1: then it shows up in a range of consumer products, 52 00:03:00,560 --> 00:03:03,480 Speaker 1: everything from liquid soap to bars up to toothpaste to 53 00:03:03,760 --> 00:03:06,600 Speaker 1: acne ointments, deodorant, mouthwatch, you name it pretty much any 54 00:03:07,160 --> 00:03:11,960 Speaker 1: socksy what's doing in fox? Uh, it's it's everywhere, to 55 00:03:12,000 --> 00:03:14,560 Speaker 1: the point to the point that the Center for Disease 56 00:03:14,600 --> 00:03:16,920 Speaker 1: Control and Prevention found that the chemical is present in 57 00:03:16,960 --> 00:03:20,680 Speaker 1: the urine of seventy of Americans over the age of five. 58 00:03:21,160 --> 00:03:24,160 Speaker 1: So we're such as our obsession with cleanliness. Yeah, it's 59 00:03:24,160 --> 00:03:29,000 Speaker 1: like we're fighting the war so enthusiastically that we do. 60 00:03:29,040 --> 00:03:33,240 Speaker 1: We've just saturated our bodies with this, uh, with this substance. Yeah, 61 00:03:33,639 --> 00:03:36,080 Speaker 1: and there have been a couple of studies that show 62 00:03:36,200 --> 00:03:40,640 Speaker 1: that trick lesson may alter hormone regulation in lab animals 63 00:03:40,640 --> 00:03:43,839 Speaker 1: at least or cause antibiotic resistance. And that's the big 64 00:03:43,840 --> 00:03:47,200 Speaker 1: problem we have right because we've got superbugs emerging like 65 00:03:47,440 --> 00:03:53,640 Speaker 1: uh Clostium cliffs Clostridium deficially, which is a superbug that 66 00:03:53,920 --> 00:03:56,520 Speaker 1: is in hospitals and unfortunately a lot of people who 67 00:03:56,520 --> 00:03:59,880 Speaker 1: go in for procedures sometimes to be confused with Chuck 68 00:04:00,000 --> 00:04:06,800 Speaker 1: Australian which is UM. But that that's actually something that's 69 00:04:06,880 --> 00:04:11,800 Speaker 1: extremely debilitating and um, people really suffer for years and 70 00:04:11,880 --> 00:04:13,800 Speaker 1: years afterward. I mean, if if you happen to be 71 00:04:14,040 --> 00:04:17,480 Speaker 1: very elderly or very young, there's possibility that you could 72 00:04:17,480 --> 00:04:20,680 Speaker 1: die from it. And but just to bring in bacteria 73 00:04:20,720 --> 00:04:24,200 Speaker 1: back into the fold here, um, I think if everybody 74 00:04:24,240 --> 00:04:28,040 Speaker 1: remembers we talked about something called fecal transplants which actually 75 00:04:28,080 --> 00:04:31,760 Speaker 1: are helping people we see diff um that they contracted 76 00:04:31,760 --> 00:04:35,760 Speaker 1: in the hospital and replenishing their their bad or their 77 00:04:35,760 --> 00:04:39,160 Speaker 1: worn out gut floora with really good bacteria. UM. So 78 00:04:39,200 --> 00:04:42,040 Speaker 1: we've had clues along the way that bacteria isn't you know, 79 00:04:42,160 --> 00:04:44,760 Speaker 1: And just a rehash on that every everyone has probably 80 00:04:44,760 --> 00:04:47,240 Speaker 1: wanted at one point another. What is poop? Right? What 81 00:04:47,360 --> 00:04:49,640 Speaker 1: is it? What is poop? And as it turns out 82 00:04:50,520 --> 00:04:53,680 Speaker 1: that a lot of poop is is actually bacteria. It's 83 00:04:53,720 --> 00:04:56,560 Speaker 1: not food or food waste particularly as much as it 84 00:04:56,640 --> 00:05:00,880 Speaker 1: is bacteria. Yeah. So the idea here as you you 85 00:05:00,920 --> 00:05:05,600 Speaker 1: end up with an imbalance in the bacterial uh population 86 00:05:05,880 --> 00:05:10,760 Speaker 1: inside your intestines, and to to set things right, you 87 00:05:10,839 --> 00:05:14,640 Speaker 1: get some get a nice healthy stool sample. Inject that 88 00:05:15,040 --> 00:05:19,719 Speaker 1: into your system, uh, specifically into your intestines, not just anywhere, 89 00:05:19,960 --> 00:05:21,880 Speaker 1: but don't try to at home on your own by 90 00:05:21,880 --> 00:05:24,560 Speaker 1: the way, I have it professionally done. Um and only 91 00:05:24,600 --> 00:05:27,480 Speaker 1: if if needed. Uh. But the ideas you get some 92 00:05:27,520 --> 00:05:31,479 Speaker 1: healthy fecal matter in there to restore equilibrium with that 93 00:05:31,520 --> 00:05:34,840 Speaker 1: bacterial population, right, because it turns out the gut is 94 00:05:34,880 --> 00:05:38,640 Speaker 1: really stuffed with a ton of bacteria and adults actually 95 00:05:38,680 --> 00:05:42,680 Speaker 1: carry two to five pounds of bacteria. Did you know that, 96 00:05:42,720 --> 00:05:44,560 Speaker 1: Like your weight is made up of two to five 97 00:05:44,560 --> 00:05:46,840 Speaker 1: pounds of bacteria. Like you can think of it in 98 00:05:46,960 --> 00:05:49,160 Speaker 1: terms of like I think of in terms of, say 99 00:05:49,200 --> 00:05:53,520 Speaker 1: the population in a in a wooded area. All right, um, oh, well, 100 00:05:53,520 --> 00:05:56,679 Speaker 1: we don't like, we don't like coyotes. Coyotes are bad, 101 00:05:56,800 --> 00:05:58,760 Speaker 1: so we wipe out a whole bunch of coyotes. Now 102 00:05:58,800 --> 00:06:01,840 Speaker 1: there's nothing to eat the animal that the kind of 103 00:06:01,839 --> 00:06:04,400 Speaker 1: these are a good example. Let's say wolves. Wolves are bad, 104 00:06:04,440 --> 00:06:06,520 Speaker 1: They're gonna eat our livestock. Let's to wipe out the wolves, 105 00:06:06,520 --> 00:06:08,159 Speaker 1: all right. Now what's gonna eat? Say the deer. Now 106 00:06:08,200 --> 00:06:10,760 Speaker 1: they're deer everywhere, deer showing up in our yards and 107 00:06:10,839 --> 00:06:12,560 Speaker 1: running into our cars. What are gonna do about the deer? 108 00:06:12,960 --> 00:06:15,240 Speaker 1: That things get out of balance with these Uh, these 109 00:06:15,279 --> 00:06:21,080 Speaker 1: carefully maintained and evolved environments. Uh, that contain multiple players, 110 00:06:21,400 --> 00:06:25,320 Speaker 1: that's right, And and things began to behave differently. And uh, 111 00:06:25,680 --> 00:06:28,080 Speaker 1: you can look at that sort of analogy within your 112 00:06:28,120 --> 00:06:31,320 Speaker 1: own microbiome, right, because each of us, it turns out, 113 00:06:31,320 --> 00:06:33,280 Speaker 1: and we'll talk a little bit more about these revelations 114 00:06:33,320 --> 00:06:36,479 Speaker 1: that have come from this biome microbiome project, but each 115 00:06:36,520 --> 00:06:40,520 Speaker 1: of us has our very own particular sort of set 116 00:06:40,560 --> 00:06:44,039 Speaker 1: of bacteria. Yes, this this really blew my mind a 117 00:06:44,040 --> 00:06:45,919 Speaker 1: bit because we've discussed in the past, how if you 118 00:06:45,960 --> 00:06:50,640 Speaker 1: look at the the the micro environment of say a 119 00:06:51,200 --> 00:06:55,880 Speaker 1: Japanese individual versus like especially a typical American individual, like 120 00:06:55,960 --> 00:07:00,280 Speaker 1: a typical Japanese um individuals is eating a lot of seafood. 121 00:07:00,520 --> 00:07:03,280 Speaker 1: They're having a lot of a lot of seaweed, and 122 00:07:03,360 --> 00:07:06,359 Speaker 1: so they have this this environment inside of them that 123 00:07:06,520 --> 00:07:09,240 Speaker 1: is the result of that, that is that is patterned 124 00:07:09,360 --> 00:07:12,360 Speaker 1: to to roll with that. And then the average American 125 00:07:12,440 --> 00:07:16,840 Speaker 1: of course is eating um, cheeseburgers, and it's a cheeseburger 126 00:07:17,680 --> 00:07:20,920 Speaker 1: gut bacteria, right, and and so meant to break that 127 00:07:20,960 --> 00:07:23,960 Speaker 1: down specifically. Yes, So we knew already that that if 128 00:07:24,000 --> 00:07:26,320 Speaker 1: you put these two environments side by side, you were 129 00:07:26,320 --> 00:07:28,840 Speaker 1: going to see some significant differences. But it turns out 130 00:07:28,880 --> 00:07:33,400 Speaker 1: it's even more widespread than that. Everyone's um bacterial environment 131 00:07:33,560 --> 00:07:36,040 Speaker 1: is like a snowflake or like a fingerprint. Each one 132 00:07:36,120 --> 00:07:39,280 Speaker 1: is different. So yours is different from mine, and mine 133 00:07:39,360 --> 00:07:42,720 Speaker 1: from from you listening, Which makes sense because everyone's everyone's 134 00:07:42,800 --> 00:07:45,000 Speaker 1: personal history is a little bit different. Everyone's diet is 135 00:07:45,000 --> 00:07:47,080 Speaker 1: a little bit different, Like even within households where two 136 00:07:47,120 --> 00:07:50,720 Speaker 1: individuals share the same diet, they're gonna be other factors 137 00:07:50,760 --> 00:07:53,840 Speaker 1: that askew things. Yeah, and just to let's do a 138 00:07:53,920 --> 00:07:57,600 Speaker 1: quick review two of what beneficial bacteria is and how 139 00:07:57,640 --> 00:08:00,960 Speaker 1: we really are outnumbered U. We're talking about one hundred 140 00:08:01,040 --> 00:08:06,520 Speaker 1: trillion good bacteria that is dwelling within dwelling inside of us. 141 00:08:06,920 --> 00:08:13,480 Speaker 1: And we are really just the rappers for the contents. Yeah, rappers. Yeah, 142 00:08:13,800 --> 00:08:16,880 Speaker 1: and sometimes we are rappers, but uh, but really mean 143 00:08:17,040 --> 00:08:20,560 Speaker 1: we're just the rappers for this content, bacterial content. Uh, 144 00:08:20,640 --> 00:08:23,440 Speaker 1: you know, we are outnumbered our own cells that you know, 145 00:08:23,480 --> 00:08:26,240 Speaker 1: we're born with ten to one when it comes to 146 00:08:26,280 --> 00:08:28,920 Speaker 1: bacterial cells. Yeah, this, it was, it was crazy. I 147 00:08:28,920 --> 00:08:30,960 Speaker 1: think it was the New York Times article we were 148 00:08:30,960 --> 00:08:33,400 Speaker 1: looking at where they quoted a scientists where they were 149 00:08:33,480 --> 00:08:35,440 Speaker 1: they said, we'll go from the bacterious point of view, 150 00:08:35,440 --> 00:08:38,920 Speaker 1: were just the rappers for their Yeah, and so we're 151 00:08:39,000 --> 00:08:42,000 Speaker 1: kind of these from that that point of view, we're 152 00:08:42,040 --> 00:08:46,480 Speaker 1: we're kind of the parasite in a sense. Well yeah, 153 00:08:46,559 --> 00:08:48,079 Speaker 1: I mean the table has been turned when you look 154 00:08:48,120 --> 00:08:50,439 Speaker 1: at it that way. And and there was another researcher 155 00:08:50,520 --> 00:08:51,880 Speaker 1: that said, you know, when you look in the mirror, 156 00:08:51,880 --> 00:08:57,480 Speaker 1: what you're seeing is a bacterial composition. Really because kind 157 00:08:57,480 --> 00:08:59,199 Speaker 1: of pretty as what you said, Yeah, like it's a 158 00:08:59,200 --> 00:09:02,240 Speaker 1: bacterial composition, should not just stay. But I guess in 159 00:09:02,320 --> 00:09:05,040 Speaker 1: reality is a little a little more pollock, uh Jackson 160 00:09:05,040 --> 00:09:07,400 Speaker 1: Pollock than anything I don't know, I've seen point till 161 00:09:07,480 --> 00:09:10,560 Speaker 1: is um there yeah, um, but yeah, I mean that's 162 00:09:10,559 --> 00:09:12,400 Speaker 1: this idea that what you're looking at in the mirror 163 00:09:12,520 --> 00:09:14,719 Speaker 1: is largely bacterial and not what you think of as 164 00:09:14,720 --> 00:09:16,880 Speaker 1: your own. So again this makes this sort of step 165 00:09:16,880 --> 00:09:19,679 Speaker 1: back and say, well, what is let's let's redefine this 166 00:09:19,840 --> 00:09:23,520 Speaker 1: relationship we have to bacteria. We know that it helps 167 00:09:23,559 --> 00:09:27,320 Speaker 1: to keep us healthy. Um, yeah, we know that it 168 00:09:27,360 --> 00:09:31,360 Speaker 1: helps to break down food, helps to inspire our immune system. 169 00:09:31,559 --> 00:09:33,520 Speaker 1: But there's plenty of food we just would not be 170 00:09:33,559 --> 00:09:36,400 Speaker 1: able to eat if we did not have this bacterial environment, right, 171 00:09:36,440 --> 00:09:40,360 Speaker 1: But the finding and findings of this microbiome project seem 172 00:09:40,440 --> 00:09:44,840 Speaker 1: to point to a much more important function for our body. 173 00:09:44,840 --> 00:09:48,400 Speaker 1: In fact, the evidence is mounting that we've just truly 174 00:09:48,440 --> 00:09:50,560 Speaker 1: could not exist without all of the s bacteria teaming 175 00:09:50,559 --> 00:09:53,880 Speaker 1: within us. It is a symbiotic relationship then yeah. Yeah, 176 00:09:53,960 --> 00:09:56,400 Speaker 1: And we we discussed some of this in our our 177 00:09:56,520 --> 00:09:59,600 Speaker 1: Stuffable your Kid's Mind video about the microbes that live 178 00:09:59,640 --> 00:10:02,800 Speaker 1: inside is um because you you get into looking at 179 00:10:02,840 --> 00:10:05,280 Speaker 1: like the symbiotic relationships, all right, So they are all 180 00:10:05,280 --> 00:10:09,120 Speaker 1: these tiny little players that, when working together in harmony, 181 00:10:09,320 --> 00:10:13,719 Speaker 1: allow for this greater picture of of uh to to 182 00:10:13,920 --> 00:10:15,800 Speaker 1: rise to the surface. And you compare that to the 183 00:10:15,880 --> 00:10:18,600 Speaker 1: human body itself, in which you have all these tiny 184 00:10:18,640 --> 00:10:24,400 Speaker 1: players working in in even greater unity two produce the 185 00:10:24,480 --> 00:10:28,720 Speaker 1: life form that we experience every day. Yeah, and I 186 00:10:28,720 --> 00:10:30,920 Speaker 1: mean we talked about it to use just other examples 187 00:10:30,920 --> 00:10:33,319 Speaker 1: like that, You've got shrimp that have you know, this 188 00:10:33,400 --> 00:10:36,520 Speaker 1: bacteria that basically helps to like a car wash for 189 00:10:36,559 --> 00:10:38,800 Speaker 1: the shrimp, which is great because it keeps, you know, 190 00:10:38,840 --> 00:10:42,640 Speaker 1: the shrimp from getting any sort of other diseases. Bacteria 191 00:10:42,760 --> 00:10:45,440 Speaker 1: keeps the shrimp nice and clean, and you know, then 192 00:10:45,559 --> 00:10:48,560 Speaker 1: the bacteria gets something scrumptious to eat off the shrimps back. 193 00:10:48,920 --> 00:10:55,679 Speaker 1: Presumably they really are they they should have their own podcast. 194 00:10:56,480 --> 00:10:58,880 Speaker 1: Radio added a recent episode on Colors that I recommend 195 00:10:58,920 --> 00:11:01,760 Speaker 1: everyone listen to, and there's a section on the mantis 196 00:11:01,760 --> 00:11:05,160 Speaker 1: shrimp and it's amazing eyes. Okay, I was I was 197 00:11:05,200 --> 00:11:08,760 Speaker 1: thinking that it was more about how it affects coloration 198 00:11:08,800 --> 00:11:11,120 Speaker 1: of birds when they eat shrimp, or even there there 199 00:11:11,280 --> 00:11:14,000 Speaker 1: people matter, There's there's that they're they're all sorts of weird, 200 00:11:14,080 --> 00:11:15,840 Speaker 1: like we think of shrimp is other. It's they're the 201 00:11:15,840 --> 00:11:18,240 Speaker 1: thing that shows up on the barbecue. You know, you 202 00:11:18,280 --> 00:11:21,240 Speaker 1: think this passive little creature the bottom dwellers, but they're 203 00:11:21,240 --> 00:11:24,200 Speaker 1: a ferocious shrimp out there with like like built in 204 00:11:24,320 --> 00:11:27,960 Speaker 1: sonic boxing gloves there anyway. That don't get me started 205 00:11:28,000 --> 00:11:30,880 Speaker 1: on shrimp. Yeah, back back to the bacteria. Let's talk 206 00:11:30,920 --> 00:11:34,959 Speaker 1: about this project as microbiome project. We're talking about a 207 00:11:35,040 --> 00:11:39,480 Speaker 1: five year study basically UM with two hundred scientists at 208 00:11:39,520 --> 00:11:43,080 Speaker 1: eighty different institutions. This is a tremendous effort um. They're 209 00:11:43,120 --> 00:11:47,000 Speaker 1: all pulling together to try to map bacterial genes and 210 00:11:47,040 --> 00:11:50,080 Speaker 1: individuals using some of the same technology that the Human 211 00:11:50,120 --> 00:11:53,360 Speaker 1: Genome Project used. And what they're trying to do here, 212 00:11:53,880 --> 00:11:55,800 Speaker 1: or what they've begun to do, is to find a 213 00:11:55,880 --> 00:11:59,680 Speaker 1: baseline of healthy bacteria and individuals because in the past 214 00:11:59,800 --> 00:12:03,520 Speaker 1: we have looked at veterian individuals a bit more related 215 00:12:03,559 --> 00:12:06,200 Speaker 1: to as you had pointed out, like Chron's disease or 216 00:12:06,400 --> 00:12:10,520 Speaker 1: other UM diseases, in which they were trying to figure 217 00:12:10,520 --> 00:12:14,280 Speaker 1: out how this bacteria was working. Right. Yeah, we've we've 218 00:12:14,720 --> 00:12:18,840 Speaker 1: initiated these studies with it with a certain particular UM 219 00:12:19,320 --> 00:12:21,760 Speaker 1: topic in mind. But their idea was, well, what is 220 00:12:21,800 --> 00:12:24,000 Speaker 1: it supposed to look like in a healthy individual. Yeah, 221 00:12:24,120 --> 00:12:26,920 Speaker 1: let's not just instead of feeling one portion of the elephant, 222 00:12:26,960 --> 00:12:29,000 Speaker 1: let's try and trying to guess what it is. Let's 223 00:12:29,080 --> 00:12:32,080 Speaker 1: let's look at the elephant. Yeah. And so initially they 224 00:12:32,080 --> 00:12:35,320 Speaker 1: had six hundred subjects that they were going to try 225 00:12:35,360 --> 00:12:39,000 Speaker 1: to run through this process, ages eighteen to forty, and 226 00:12:39,040 --> 00:12:41,880 Speaker 1: they had everyone from densist to gynecologists checking out six 227 00:12:42,320 --> 00:12:45,480 Speaker 1: people probing you name it, yeah, because I mean, it 228 00:12:45,480 --> 00:12:46,959 Speaker 1: turns out it's actually kind of hard to find someone 229 00:12:47,000 --> 00:12:51,760 Speaker 1: who has quote unquote perfectly healthy. I mean not to 230 00:12:51,920 --> 00:12:53,559 Speaker 1: you know, to get all Gothic on everybody. If you know, 231 00:12:53,679 --> 00:12:56,080 Speaker 1: the second you're born, you start to fall apart. So 232 00:12:56,480 --> 00:12:58,520 Speaker 1: how do you find somebody who has who is you 233 00:12:58,920 --> 00:13:04,400 Speaker 1: still has it to some degree altogether? Robert bummer, lamb um. 234 00:13:04,440 --> 00:13:07,720 Speaker 1: So yeah, it got the the sample um of of 235 00:13:07,720 --> 00:13:10,040 Speaker 1: people actually got whittled down to two two And this 236 00:13:10,080 --> 00:13:12,520 Speaker 1: is what I thought was amazing. Of these two forty 237 00:13:12,520 --> 00:13:15,959 Speaker 1: two people of them still had to be treated for 238 00:13:16,080 --> 00:13:18,680 Speaker 1: either gum disease or cavities. So as you say not, 239 00:13:18,920 --> 00:13:21,280 Speaker 1: you know, you just kind of you know, start to 240 00:13:21,320 --> 00:13:24,559 Speaker 1: follow up and to quote Tina fe the mouth dies first. 241 00:13:24,600 --> 00:13:28,920 Speaker 1: So yes, yes, uh uh So in addition to stool 242 00:13:28,920 --> 00:13:31,800 Speaker 1: samples and saliva, of these two forty two people, women 243 00:13:31,800 --> 00:13:34,680 Speaker 1: were swapped in eighteen different places on their bodies, while 244 00:13:34,679 --> 00:13:38,240 Speaker 1: men were swapped in fifteen. And we're talking the crook 245 00:13:38,280 --> 00:13:41,480 Speaker 1: of the arm, folds in the ear, uh, for vagina, 246 00:13:41,800 --> 00:13:45,080 Speaker 1: for vaginas for women, their vaginas like three different places. 247 00:13:45,080 --> 00:13:47,160 Speaker 1: And this is really important because it turns out that 248 00:13:47,240 --> 00:13:52,280 Speaker 1: the bacteria in um and the vagina is probably some 249 00:13:52,400 --> 00:13:54,920 Speaker 1: of the most powerful in terms of the immune system 250 00:13:55,080 --> 00:13:58,400 Speaker 1: and immune functions. And we'll talk about that later, but yeah, 251 00:13:58,480 --> 00:14:01,160 Speaker 1: head to toe, these people were wobbed so that they 252 00:14:01,160 --> 00:14:04,240 Speaker 1: could get this complete picture of what bacteria looks like 253 00:14:04,320 --> 00:14:06,720 Speaker 1: in a person. And so they end up with about 254 00:14:06,760 --> 00:14:09,600 Speaker 1: three point five terra bases of data to examine, lots 255 00:14:09,640 --> 00:14:12,320 Speaker 1: and lots of data. Yeah, and a terror base is 256 00:14:12,360 --> 00:14:16,360 Speaker 1: one trillion subunits of DNA, so we're talking about a 257 00:14:16,400 --> 00:14:19,440 Speaker 1: mountain here. Uh. They had something like eleven thousand or 258 00:14:19,440 --> 00:14:23,440 Speaker 1: more than eleven thousand samples and they ended up, i believe, 259 00:14:23,520 --> 00:14:26,840 Speaker 1: running about five thousand samples through which took about two 260 00:14:26,920 --> 00:14:30,880 Speaker 1: million computer hours to to run these data sets. Um. 261 00:14:30,960 --> 00:14:33,040 Speaker 1: And just to give everybody a scope of what a 262 00:14:33,120 --> 00:14:35,360 Speaker 1: huge project. This This is a hundred and seventy three 263 00:14:35,440 --> 00:14:37,920 Speaker 1: million dollar project. And what they're trying to do is 264 00:14:37,920 --> 00:14:41,600 Speaker 1: they they teased apart bacterial genes from human genes and 265 00:14:41,640 --> 00:14:44,280 Speaker 1: then they could really get into the specifics of what 266 00:14:44,320 --> 00:14:47,640 Speaker 1: they were seeing. So they really set out to justify 267 00:14:47,680 --> 00:14:51,640 Speaker 1: the ways of bacteria Toman really to get all miltony 268 00:14:51,800 --> 00:14:54,800 Speaker 1: on it. Yes, yes, I believe that was actually in 269 00:14:54,840 --> 00:14:57,840 Speaker 1: their abstract. Yeah, um, all right, we're gonna take a 270 00:14:57,920 --> 00:14:59,480 Speaker 1: quick break and when we get back, we're going to 271 00:14:59,560 --> 00:15:02,360 Speaker 1: tell you some amazing things about the bacteria that is 272 00:15:02,440 --> 00:15:11,040 Speaker 1: dwelling inside you. Right now, all right, we're back. So, yeah, 273 00:15:11,120 --> 00:15:13,600 Speaker 1: there's a lot of bacteria living inside each of us, 274 00:15:13,960 --> 00:15:15,600 Speaker 1: to the point where it's it even gets a little 275 00:15:15,600 --> 00:15:18,320 Speaker 1: tricky to say it's living inside us. It is living 276 00:15:18,360 --> 00:15:20,040 Speaker 1: with us, part of us, it's part of us, it's 277 00:15:20,080 --> 00:15:24,240 Speaker 1: a it's in a a symbiotic state, it is enmeshed 278 00:15:24,440 --> 00:15:27,280 Speaker 1: part to say where we end and it begins exactly exactly, 279 00:15:27,280 --> 00:15:30,400 Speaker 1: it's ten thousand species of microbes and each of us. 280 00:15:31,240 --> 00:15:33,840 Speaker 1: That is what they discovered. One of the discoveries from 281 00:15:33,840 --> 00:15:38,680 Speaker 1: this project, which again is lending credence to this idea 282 00:15:38,760 --> 00:15:41,520 Speaker 1: that it's a microbial organ within us, and we should 283 00:15:41,560 --> 00:15:43,880 Speaker 1: start to look at it as that, as opposed to, oh, 284 00:15:43,920 --> 00:15:46,120 Speaker 1: there's much there's bacteria jump on us and it's just 285 00:15:46,160 --> 00:15:50,560 Speaker 1: hitching a ride. Um. It is. It is acting on 286 00:15:50,760 --> 00:15:53,880 Speaker 1: us and within us. Um. And as you say, it 287 00:15:54,000 --> 00:15:57,520 Speaker 1: is a very symbiotic process. Yeah, you have twenty two 288 00:15:57,560 --> 00:16:01,480 Speaker 1: thousand human genes, eight million back real genes, and it's 289 00:16:01,520 --> 00:16:04,040 Speaker 1: and its specialized in the area resides in. So you 290 00:16:04,080 --> 00:16:07,360 Speaker 1: have like the Queen's bacteria is gonna gonna really roll 291 00:16:07,480 --> 00:16:10,520 Speaker 1: with its the particular neighborhood, whereas the Bronx bacteria is 292 00:16:10,520 --> 00:16:12,640 Speaker 1: a lightly different thing. You can't take one for the 293 00:16:12,960 --> 00:16:16,240 Speaker 1: from the other switch places and expect h them to 294 00:16:16,280 --> 00:16:19,520 Speaker 1: just fit right in well. And the other analogies have 295 00:16:19,600 --> 00:16:21,040 Speaker 1: been like, you know, one part of you could be 296 00:16:21,040 --> 00:16:24,560 Speaker 1: more like a Amazon rainforest, while the other is like, 297 00:16:24,640 --> 00:16:27,760 Speaker 1: you know, an ocean or even another Yeah, you know 298 00:16:27,800 --> 00:16:31,880 Speaker 1: the Sahara desert. Um and I had talked about the 299 00:16:31,880 --> 00:16:34,720 Speaker 1: bacteria swamps that were taken from the vagina, and it 300 00:16:34,720 --> 00:16:38,480 Speaker 1: turns out that that bacteria in there is is very 301 00:16:38,600 --> 00:16:42,560 Speaker 1: very active. And in fact, it turns um the vagina 302 00:16:42,680 --> 00:16:45,240 Speaker 1: is the jungle in this scenario then, yeah, or the 303 00:16:45,320 --> 00:16:49,720 Speaker 1: rainforest perhaps UM it turns conditions a bit acidic um 304 00:16:49,720 --> 00:16:52,920 Speaker 1: and its environment, and the idea is that that kind 305 00:16:52,920 --> 00:16:55,800 Speaker 1: of keeps other foreign bacteria out. And that would make 306 00:16:55,840 --> 00:16:57,960 Speaker 1: sense because this is you know, this is an area 307 00:16:57,960 --> 00:17:02,840 Speaker 1: of the body that UM that could cultivate bad bacteria. 308 00:17:02,960 --> 00:17:08,680 Speaker 1: I'm putting that uh really easily right. It's damp, moist, yeah, 309 00:17:09,280 --> 00:17:12,480 Speaker 1: easy to fuester in. And it's also the first bacterial 310 00:17:12,520 --> 00:17:15,400 Speaker 1: environment that a newborn, at least a newborn and experiences. 311 00:17:15,480 --> 00:17:18,119 Speaker 1: Vaginal birth is exposed to. It's like a and it 312 00:17:18,240 --> 00:17:21,679 Speaker 1: is we discuss this little in the video for kids, 313 00:17:22,240 --> 00:17:26,800 Speaker 1: of course, but when the vagina talk. Yeah, but when 314 00:17:26,840 --> 00:17:29,640 Speaker 1: a child is born, the vaginal birth, it is it's 315 00:17:29,680 --> 00:17:33,200 Speaker 1: basically a baptism of bacteria. They are they they're going 316 00:17:33,240 --> 00:17:37,120 Speaker 1: from this clean, pristine environment where they're this single creature, 317 00:17:37,200 --> 00:17:40,560 Speaker 1: and then they are just bombarded with this bacterial invasion. Okay, 318 00:17:40,600 --> 00:17:43,359 Speaker 1: and check this out. When a woman becomes pregnant, the 319 00:17:43,400 --> 00:17:48,960 Speaker 1: bacteria in her vagina changes, presumably um in anticipation of 320 00:17:49,040 --> 00:17:51,719 Speaker 1: this child that will be going through the canal and 321 00:17:51,800 --> 00:17:55,879 Speaker 1: getting this beneficial bacteria to begin life with. So it 322 00:17:56,000 --> 00:17:57,840 Speaker 1: is That's when I start to say, this is far 323 00:17:57,920 --> 00:17:59,960 Speaker 1: more ingrained than our thoughts said. WHOA, it just helps 324 00:18:00,080 --> 00:18:02,960 Speaker 1: is to break down food. It's like, no, that's actually 325 00:18:03,560 --> 00:18:05,800 Speaker 1: it's playing a vital role. Yeah, this is a part 326 00:18:05,800 --> 00:18:07,919 Speaker 1: of the blueprint. And so when a child is not 327 00:18:08,040 --> 00:18:11,080 Speaker 1: a woman born, when when a child is born via 328 00:18:11,160 --> 00:18:15,479 Speaker 1: since arian section, you have a slightly different scenario going on, Right, 329 00:18:15,840 --> 00:18:20,399 Speaker 1: you end up with a rather different bacterial baptism. Right, 330 00:18:20,440 --> 00:18:22,280 Speaker 1: And that's one of the things that scientists want to 331 00:18:22,280 --> 00:18:25,280 Speaker 1: try to answer. If if you are born via caesarean 332 00:18:25,480 --> 00:18:28,320 Speaker 1: and you have a different microbiome, how does that affect 333 00:18:28,359 --> 00:18:30,399 Speaker 1: you or does it affect you in your adult years? 334 00:18:31,480 --> 00:18:36,240 Speaker 1: Do you have a different way of fighting, um, disease 335 00:18:36,560 --> 00:18:39,000 Speaker 1: or illness? Are you more likely to flaming bath that 336 00:18:39,080 --> 00:18:44,760 Speaker 1: kind of thing? Yes, yeah, that is also in the abstract. Yeah. Um, 337 00:18:45,000 --> 00:18:49,359 Speaker 1: so this is really I think, very amazing information to 338 00:18:49,520 --> 00:18:53,040 Speaker 1: know that that that bacteria is acting on this level. Um. 339 00:18:53,160 --> 00:18:55,320 Speaker 1: Here's another thing that that came out of this is 340 00:18:55,320 --> 00:19:00,479 Speaker 1: that researchers found genetic signatures of disease causing bacterial straints 341 00:19:00,560 --> 00:19:03,520 Speaker 1: in everyone's micro biome. So what I say, what I'm 342 00:19:03,560 --> 00:19:06,760 Speaker 1: saying here is and we've all known, um to some 343 00:19:06,800 --> 00:19:10,560 Speaker 1: degree that but that we all carry staff for instance, 344 00:19:10,640 --> 00:19:14,760 Speaker 1: or as some of us carry staff. UM, but we're 345 00:19:14,800 --> 00:19:17,120 Speaker 1: we're perfectly fine. We're hanging out with it. And then 346 00:19:17,160 --> 00:19:19,879 Speaker 1: some other people can come into contact with us, and 347 00:19:19,880 --> 00:19:23,879 Speaker 1: then they get a staff infection. So um that that 348 00:19:24,040 --> 00:19:27,560 Speaker 1: is no secret. But the extent of some of these 349 00:19:27,680 --> 00:19:30,919 Speaker 1: disease causing bacteria that dwells within us that was not 350 00:19:31,000 --> 00:19:34,240 Speaker 1: really known. So you have this idea of all this good, 351 00:19:34,280 --> 00:19:38,560 Speaker 1: beneficial bacteria within us hanging out with a bad bacteria, 352 00:19:38,680 --> 00:19:42,359 Speaker 1: presumably camping it down. It's a difference between saying, oh, 353 00:19:42,440 --> 00:19:47,320 Speaker 1: occasionally a a murderer appears in society, UH towards the 354 00:19:47,320 --> 00:19:49,480 Speaker 1: difference between that and saying, oh, well they're in they're 355 00:19:49,520 --> 00:19:53,080 Speaker 1: a numeral potential murders. They just don't pop up that 356 00:19:53,160 --> 00:19:55,720 Speaker 1: are that are somehow kept in check by other UH 357 00:19:55,840 --> 00:20:00,400 Speaker 1: forces in society and culture. And UH I draw comparison 358 00:20:00,440 --> 00:20:02,639 Speaker 1: here because it's UH the idea that we have a 359 00:20:02,680 --> 00:20:05,359 Speaker 1: lot of these harmful bacteria in us, but if things 360 00:20:05,440 --> 00:20:08,720 Speaker 1: are in the right balance, then they're not going to 361 00:20:08,760 --> 00:20:10,720 Speaker 1: be an issue. It's when things get out of balance 362 00:20:11,240 --> 00:20:15,560 Speaker 1: or or systems are are disrupted, that things can get 363 00:20:15,560 --> 00:20:20,560 Speaker 1: a little hairy. And that's why, UH, researcher, scientists, doctors 364 00:20:20,560 --> 00:20:22,600 Speaker 1: from every discipline are really kind of backing up and 365 00:20:22,640 --> 00:20:27,600 Speaker 1: looking at this data and reconstructing their ideas based on it. 366 00:20:27,680 --> 00:20:29,960 Speaker 1: And of course, as we go more and more through 367 00:20:29,960 --> 00:20:33,800 Speaker 1: the data and find more things to substantiate some of 368 00:20:34,000 --> 00:20:39,200 Speaker 1: perhaps theories or hunches will probably find out how bacteria 369 00:20:39,240 --> 00:20:43,080 Speaker 1: is actually affecting us. But as you say, um, me, 370 00:20:43,200 --> 00:20:47,280 Speaker 1: on this one level, it's it begins to look like, uh, 371 00:20:47,359 --> 00:20:50,920 Speaker 1: that it's not actually pathogens that are creating illness and disease, 372 00:20:51,200 --> 00:20:54,919 Speaker 1: but with perhaps something like diabetes, it could be a 373 00:20:54,960 --> 00:20:59,360 Speaker 1: miscommunication with the bacteria. So normally our bacteria, we begin 374 00:20:59,400 --> 00:21:03,119 Speaker 1: to think of this is really um, you know, communicating 375 00:21:03,160 --> 00:21:05,439 Speaker 1: with our cells and keeping us healthy. It could be 376 00:21:05,480 --> 00:21:08,639 Speaker 1: that there is this miscommunication with bacteria that, instead of 377 00:21:08,680 --> 00:21:11,600 Speaker 1: defending it against the pathogen, allows the cells that make 378 00:21:11,680 --> 00:21:14,960 Speaker 1: insulin in the body to be killed. Um. And that 379 00:21:15,040 --> 00:21:17,639 Speaker 1: really kind of makes you back up and go, Okay, well, 380 00:21:18,600 --> 00:21:22,240 Speaker 1: let's think about antibiotics. We know that it can wipe 381 00:21:22,280 --> 00:21:25,399 Speaker 1: out your gut flora at least presumably the rest of 382 00:21:25,400 --> 00:21:29,239 Speaker 1: your body too. Um And there's some reports you can 383 00:21:29,280 --> 00:21:32,600 Speaker 1: take a while for you to recover years four years 384 00:21:32,640 --> 00:21:35,439 Speaker 1: to build up your good flora. So then you have 385 00:21:35,520 --> 00:21:37,720 Speaker 1: this idea of like, what are these other agents that 386 00:21:37,800 --> 00:21:41,840 Speaker 1: are acting honest that are disturbing this balance, as you say, 387 00:21:41,880 --> 00:21:44,960 Speaker 1: of good bacteria, and this idea that that balance or 388 00:21:45,000 --> 00:21:49,040 Speaker 1: the imbalance that could be creating disease within us. So 389 00:21:49,160 --> 00:21:52,240 Speaker 1: we're going forward, we could reach the point where we 390 00:21:52,320 --> 00:21:56,320 Speaker 1: look back on our use of of antibiotics and it'll 391 00:21:56,359 --> 00:21:59,080 Speaker 1: it'll basically be the equivalent of say, carpet bombing a 392 00:21:59,160 --> 00:22:02,080 Speaker 1: city that may have uh insurgents in it or or 393 00:22:02,119 --> 00:22:04,680 Speaker 1: some sort of terrorist activity, and it versus the idea 394 00:22:04,680 --> 00:22:08,920 Speaker 1: of using a much more targeted method of removing a 395 00:22:08,920 --> 00:22:13,879 Speaker 1: a hostile bacteria. Yeah, carpet bomb versus drone right, Um, 396 00:22:14,080 --> 00:22:18,680 Speaker 1: not the drone is completely horked out exactly, but still 397 00:22:18,720 --> 00:22:24,080 Speaker 1: the the the the comparison holds true. Yeah. Uh So 398 00:22:24,200 --> 00:22:29,040 Speaker 1: this this gets this idea that perhaps this sort of knowledge, 399 00:22:29,280 --> 00:22:30,960 Speaker 1: this and again we're at the tip of iceberg here 400 00:22:31,040 --> 00:22:35,720 Speaker 1: under this huge data mountain. Um this knowledge could help 401 00:22:35,800 --> 00:22:39,119 Speaker 1: us to perhaps curb debilitating diseases before they happen. But 402 00:22:39,280 --> 00:22:41,880 Speaker 1: that's one of the hopes, um, and then it will 403 00:22:41,920 --> 00:22:43,840 Speaker 1: answer some of these questions of why some of us 404 00:22:43,880 --> 00:22:48,320 Speaker 1: are more susceptible to disease while others, um just seemed 405 00:22:48,359 --> 00:22:51,560 Speaker 1: to be able to really ride things out, or you know, 406 00:22:51,680 --> 00:22:54,480 Speaker 1: are much more healthier when it comes to being bombarded 407 00:22:54,920 --> 00:22:59,080 Speaker 1: by pathogens. Yeah. Again, I think I brought this up 408 00:22:59,080 --> 00:23:02,040 Speaker 1: the last time we discuss stuff micro I mean, I 409 00:23:02,080 --> 00:23:05,040 Speaker 1: think it was actually with parasites. But I'm reminded of 410 00:23:05,040 --> 00:23:07,200 Speaker 1: the episode of the American version of the Office where 411 00:23:07,600 --> 00:23:10,679 Speaker 1: Dwight is fired or Dwight quits, and then all the 412 00:23:10,680 --> 00:23:13,120 Speaker 1: plants in the die because no one realized that Dwight 413 00:23:13,240 --> 00:23:15,760 Speaker 1: was the one watering them all. And uh. And so 414 00:23:16,119 --> 00:23:18,720 Speaker 1: you look at these examples where people are realizing, oh, well, 415 00:23:19,240 --> 00:23:21,160 Speaker 1: this thing that we thought was the parasite was really 416 00:23:21,200 --> 00:23:24,119 Speaker 1: more of a had more of a symbiotic relationship with us. 417 00:23:24,320 --> 00:23:26,600 Speaker 1: This bacteria that we thought was bad. Turns out it's 418 00:23:26,640 --> 00:23:29,480 Speaker 1: part of a careful balance that that that is built 419 00:23:29,560 --> 00:23:34,119 Speaker 1: up over millions of years. Um. So yeah, yeah, so 420 00:23:34,160 --> 00:23:39,040 Speaker 1: we should respect that the Dwights within us. Yeah. UM. 421 00:23:39,040 --> 00:23:40,879 Speaker 1: What I think is really interesting about this is the 422 00:23:40,880 --> 00:23:44,080 Speaker 1: potential to for for further study because what we're talking about. 423 00:23:44,119 --> 00:23:47,760 Speaker 1: Here are two hundred forty two individuals who largely Caucasian, 424 00:23:48,040 --> 00:23:51,160 Speaker 1: coming from two cities St. Louis and Houston, I believe. 425 00:23:51,600 --> 00:23:54,240 Speaker 1: So you know that's some cheeseburger eaters, right, there's some 426 00:23:54,320 --> 00:23:57,080 Speaker 1: cheeseburger eaters. Um, what if you could get a sample 427 00:23:57,240 --> 00:24:00,240 Speaker 1: across all cultures across the world. Of course, we're talking 428 00:24:00,240 --> 00:24:04,080 Speaker 1: about an insane amount of data that probably wouldn't we 429 00:24:04,119 --> 00:24:06,720 Speaker 1: couldn't go through in our lifetime. But what if you 430 00:24:06,760 --> 00:24:10,159 Speaker 1: could start to really map this out in earnest across 431 00:24:10,200 --> 00:24:13,639 Speaker 1: the world and begin to really see a picture, a 432 00:24:13,680 --> 00:24:16,560 Speaker 1: better picture of what it is to be human, what 433 00:24:16,720 --> 00:24:22,359 Speaker 1: it is to be someone who is battling disease. I 434 00:24:22,359 --> 00:24:27,919 Speaker 1: don't know, it's exciting speaking of microbes and cheeseburgers and 435 00:24:27,960 --> 00:24:30,680 Speaker 1: the gut Uh. There's a there's a restaurant in Atlanta 436 00:24:30,720 --> 00:24:33,320 Speaker 1: called Gutbusters. Are you familiar with this? And they have 437 00:24:33,760 --> 00:24:36,879 Speaker 1: they have this grotesque sign. Um, it's like hand painted 438 00:24:36,960 --> 00:24:39,399 Speaker 1: or hand airbrush or something like this guy eating this 439 00:24:39,480 --> 00:24:42,560 Speaker 1: big grotesque sandwich. But that would be interesting to study 440 00:24:42,720 --> 00:24:45,399 Speaker 1: individuals who eat gut Busters, which I think is some 441 00:24:45,480 --> 00:24:50,119 Speaker 1: sort of Philly cheese steak. Thing with cheese whizz on it. Um. 442 00:24:50,160 --> 00:24:52,400 Speaker 1: I did a little research. I'm not a Philly cheese 443 00:24:52,400 --> 00:24:55,679 Speaker 1: steak guy, but have I ever ran it about this before? 444 00:24:56,760 --> 00:24:58,879 Speaker 1: I feel like I have some sort of memory for 445 00:24:58,920 --> 00:25:01,920 Speaker 1: a fully cheese steaks. Well. Hating this, you tune into 446 00:25:01,960 --> 00:25:04,159 Speaker 1: these various food shows, and a lot of them are 447 00:25:04,200 --> 00:25:06,560 Speaker 1: like that. You know, they asked these food uh, these 448 00:25:06,600 --> 00:25:08,960 Speaker 1: foodies and chefs like what's your favorite meal in this city, 449 00:25:08,960 --> 00:25:10,600 Speaker 1: in the city, in the city, And a lot of 450 00:25:10,600 --> 00:25:13,359 Speaker 1: the times they end up narrowing in on a particular 451 00:25:13,480 --> 00:25:16,480 Speaker 1: Philly cheese steak or Philly cheese steakes style sandwich and 452 00:25:16,800 --> 00:25:19,560 Speaker 1: a given city some sort of kind of gross looking 453 00:25:19,880 --> 00:25:22,199 Speaker 1: meat and cheese sandwich. And it's not the kind of 454 00:25:22,200 --> 00:25:24,080 Speaker 1: thing that appeals to me. But a lot of people 455 00:25:24,080 --> 00:25:27,320 Speaker 1: are really militant about their their Philly cheese steak sandwiches, 456 00:25:27,720 --> 00:25:30,240 Speaker 1: and some people are really militant about the necessity of 457 00:25:30,280 --> 00:25:33,639 Speaker 1: having cheese with on there. Um. Anyway, I'm just what 458 00:25:33,720 --> 00:25:36,280 Speaker 1: does that do to the the interview and it's the 459 00:25:36,280 --> 00:25:40,560 Speaker 1: gut buster? Um moniker? Is that? Does that? Is that real? 460 00:25:40,720 --> 00:25:42,680 Speaker 1: Is it actually bust your gut? Does it? Does it 461 00:25:42,840 --> 00:25:46,520 Speaker 1: somehow invade your gut with even more microbes than before. 462 00:25:46,560 --> 00:25:48,800 Speaker 1: I don't know, or maybe well, okay, well, the pessimists 463 00:25:48,840 --> 00:25:51,200 Speaker 1: in me too thinks like, once we get the information 464 00:25:51,240 --> 00:25:53,320 Speaker 1: about how the food is truly affecting us and this 465 00:25:53,440 --> 00:25:56,440 Speaker 1: bacterial colony within us, that we're not really going to 466 00:25:56,560 --> 00:25:58,240 Speaker 1: change our ways. What's going to happen is that you're 467 00:25:58,240 --> 00:26:02,439 Speaker 1: gonna get some sort of crazy probiotic milkshake to go 468 00:26:02,520 --> 00:26:05,560 Speaker 1: with it, to break it down better. You know, it's like, hey, 469 00:26:05,600 --> 00:26:11,000 Speaker 1: five thousand strains of microbes. Nine, you get your gap 470 00:26:11,040 --> 00:26:16,080 Speaker 1: buster and your biotic shake. There you go. The future. Well, 471 00:26:16,119 --> 00:26:18,480 Speaker 1: speaking of the future, let's call the robot over and 472 00:26:18,920 --> 00:26:22,880 Speaker 1: get a little listener mail here. Um. So we heard 473 00:26:22,920 --> 00:26:26,040 Speaker 1: from our listener Jeffrey, and he was writing in about 474 00:26:26,080 --> 00:26:29,320 Speaker 1: the the Aquatic Sounds episode that we did, and he 475 00:26:29,359 --> 00:26:32,560 Speaker 1: wanted to share his own experiences with listening to things 476 00:26:32,560 --> 00:26:36,720 Speaker 1: in the swimming pool. UM, particularly on to what degree 477 00:26:36,760 --> 00:26:39,920 Speaker 1: sound is muffled and what degree it's clear. Um. Because 478 00:26:39,920 --> 00:26:42,760 Speaker 1: we were discussed in that podcast that there there are 479 00:26:43,080 --> 00:26:45,280 Speaker 1: underwater hearings for humans is different, it's a it's a 480 00:26:45,280 --> 00:26:48,359 Speaker 1: slightly different thing there. So some sounds are going to 481 00:26:48,400 --> 00:26:51,080 Speaker 1: be aren't going to sound muffled, and they're not getting 482 00:26:51,080 --> 00:26:53,280 Speaker 1: you're not gonna be able to hear things underwater quite 483 00:26:53,280 --> 00:26:55,640 Speaker 1: like you hear above water. But other sounds are gonna 484 00:26:55,640 --> 00:26:58,320 Speaker 1: be very sharp. So Jeffrey writes in and says, the 485 00:26:58,359 --> 00:27:00,560 Speaker 1: mid range is muffled. That is far is what's going 486 00:27:00,560 --> 00:27:03,000 Speaker 1: on in the water. You can hear some things more crisply. 487 00:27:03,440 --> 00:27:05,320 Speaker 1: When I'm resting on my back in the pool at 488 00:27:05,359 --> 00:27:08,280 Speaker 1: the gym, I can hear every pop of every knee 489 00:27:08,280 --> 00:27:11,160 Speaker 1: and joint here and far. The longer I lay there 490 00:27:11,160 --> 00:27:14,120 Speaker 1: after a swim watching the clouds go by. I hope 491 00:27:14,160 --> 00:27:16,920 Speaker 1: he means the clouds in the sky, because when I 492 00:27:17,160 --> 00:27:20,960 Speaker 1: swim laugh, I see clouds and strings of things that 493 00:27:21,040 --> 00:27:23,920 Speaker 1: I don't like to think about floating through the water. Um. 494 00:27:25,440 --> 00:27:30,200 Speaker 1: So hopefully yeah, atmospheric clouds, nuts snot cloud um. Watching 495 00:27:30,200 --> 00:27:32,280 Speaker 1: the clouds go by, the more I hear the pops 496 00:27:32,280 --> 00:27:35,479 Speaker 1: of joints, until it sounds like twenty people constantly breaking 497 00:27:35,520 --> 00:27:39,119 Speaker 1: match sticks with the with the with the sound turned up. 498 00:27:39,440 --> 00:27:41,720 Speaker 1: In fact, not only can I clearly hear the clicks, 499 00:27:41,960 --> 00:27:44,080 Speaker 1: I can clearly hear the echo. I know that out 500 00:27:44,080 --> 00:27:45,760 Speaker 1: of the water I wouldn't hear this even in the 501 00:27:45,800 --> 00:27:48,840 Speaker 1: most quiet room. If that Olympic sized pool were empty 502 00:27:48,920 --> 00:27:50,840 Speaker 1: and I were laying there, there is no way I 503 00:27:50,840 --> 00:27:53,160 Speaker 1: could hear a woman's leg or arm or spine pop 504 00:27:53,240 --> 00:27:57,840 Speaker 1: from thirty ft away, unlike seven hours ago. Um, so 505 00:27:58,119 --> 00:28:01,360 Speaker 1: there you go. Well even hours ago was he said 506 00:28:01,359 --> 00:28:05,600 Speaker 1: this on Facebook? So in fact, maybe I cut that off. Anyway, 507 00:28:05,640 --> 00:28:07,199 Speaker 1: we got to the need of what Jeffrey had to say. 508 00:28:07,560 --> 00:28:11,240 Speaker 1: It's like an aquatic mesophonia. Yeah. Yeah, So for anybody 509 00:28:11,240 --> 00:28:15,119 Speaker 1: who does have mesophonia, don't swim in a gym pool 510 00:28:15,200 --> 00:28:18,600 Speaker 1: that is uh at the rush hour. Yeah. And the 511 00:28:18,600 --> 00:28:20,960 Speaker 1: other interesting thing about about that is if you were 512 00:28:21,000 --> 00:28:23,199 Speaker 1: to were to swim and you did not like the 513 00:28:23,200 --> 00:28:26,240 Speaker 1: sounds you were hearing, good luck shutting it off because 514 00:28:26,400 --> 00:28:28,439 Speaker 1: it's not You can't just stick some your plugs in 515 00:28:28,440 --> 00:28:31,040 Speaker 1: because you're hearing with your skull. It's a bone connectivity hearing. 516 00:28:31,119 --> 00:28:34,760 Speaker 1: So it's a it's an entirely different scenario. Although they 517 00:28:34,800 --> 00:28:38,320 Speaker 1: are underwater empty three players there are, but that would 518 00:28:38,320 --> 00:28:40,080 Speaker 1: be your best bet is to somehow block it out. 519 00:28:41,240 --> 00:28:43,600 Speaker 1: It's still the sound. We are just going to hit 520 00:28:43,640 --> 00:28:48,720 Speaker 1: your skull and rebate, reverbate no matter what HiT's look 521 00:28:48,760 --> 00:28:50,680 Speaker 1: at this other email. This one is from Lizzie, and 522 00:28:50,680 --> 00:28:53,360 Speaker 1: this was pretty exciting because we just did this episode 523 00:28:53,360 --> 00:28:55,640 Speaker 1: The Horror where we talked. We talked about the science 524 00:28:55,840 --> 00:28:59,960 Speaker 1: of of being afraid, of being frightened, and then why 525 00:29:00,000 --> 00:29:01,800 Speaker 1: we like it when we get addicted to it in 526 00:29:01,800 --> 00:29:04,040 Speaker 1: many cases, and we talked a little bit about things 527 00:29:04,080 --> 00:29:09,360 Speaker 1: that we find scary um chlorophobia or fear of plants, 528 00:29:09,440 --> 00:29:11,960 Speaker 1: fear of clowns. Yes, yes, you you we brought it. 529 00:29:12,160 --> 00:29:13,960 Speaker 1: You brought up the fear of clowns. And I kind 530 00:29:13,960 --> 00:29:17,880 Speaker 1: of defended clowns to a certain point. Uh and and 531 00:29:17,480 --> 00:29:20,000 Speaker 1: cold and uh and they at least offended some of them. 532 00:29:20,000 --> 00:29:25,320 Speaker 1: And you brought up hobo's yeah, like clowns people. Yeah. 533 00:29:25,800 --> 00:29:28,080 Speaker 1: And so we actually heard from a listener who is 534 00:29:28,080 --> 00:29:32,960 Speaker 1: a clown um literally, and Lizzie writes and says, I'm 535 00:29:32,960 --> 00:29:35,640 Speaker 1: writing to defend clowns in your horror podcast. I am 536 00:29:35,680 --> 00:29:38,480 Speaker 1: a clown and I'm not scary at all. Actually, I 537 00:29:38,680 --> 00:29:40,760 Speaker 1: think of myself as adorable. And indeed, she sent a 538 00:29:40,760 --> 00:29:42,880 Speaker 1: photo and you have to admit, she's a pretty adorable 539 00:29:42,880 --> 00:29:46,680 Speaker 1: clown with makeup. Um, she says. And it's funny to 540 00:29:46,720 --> 00:29:49,560 Speaker 1: me that all these kids say that clowns are scary, 541 00:29:49,560 --> 00:29:52,160 Speaker 1: because I've had quite the opposite experience. I have been 542 00:29:52,200 --> 00:29:54,000 Speaker 1: in nanny for the last two years, and the girls 543 00:29:54,040 --> 00:29:56,320 Speaker 1: I watch absolutely love that I'm a clown. The oldest 544 00:29:56,320 --> 00:29:58,479 Speaker 1: one would brag to her friends. So when I went 545 00:29:58,560 --> 00:30:00,760 Speaker 1: to drop her off and picked and pick her up, 546 00:30:01,040 --> 00:30:03,520 Speaker 1: kids were asking me to do tricks or do some 547 00:30:03,640 --> 00:30:07,880 Speaker 1: clowney and I would do a small impromptu performance on 548 00:30:07,880 --> 00:30:10,360 Speaker 1: the playground and it was fun and I've never made 549 00:30:10,360 --> 00:30:12,440 Speaker 1: a kid cry to this day. I even did a 550 00:30:12,480 --> 00:30:15,200 Speaker 1: performance at one of the girl's birthdays parties. Uh, in 551 00:30:15,280 --> 00:30:17,760 Speaker 1: costume and with a clown nose on. However, some kids 552 00:30:17,760 --> 00:30:21,160 Speaker 1: cried when the dad dressed up his illow and came 553 00:30:21,200 --> 00:30:24,880 Speaker 1: out to terrify the children. Uh. Well, that wasn't his intent, 554 00:30:24,920 --> 00:30:28,000 Speaker 1: but that's what happened. Also, here's a video of one 555 00:30:28,000 --> 00:30:30,920 Speaker 1: of the best clowns in the country, Avner the Eccentric, 556 00:30:30,920 --> 00:30:33,720 Speaker 1: and he doesn't have any clown makeup on it all 557 00:30:33,920 --> 00:30:36,960 Speaker 1: and he's fantastic. Um And indeed, I watched the did 558 00:30:36,960 --> 00:30:39,320 Speaker 1: you watch this clip? I didn't have time to this morning, 559 00:30:39,480 --> 00:30:41,840 Speaker 1: but you described it to me. Yeah. He it's really 560 00:30:41,840 --> 00:30:45,240 Speaker 1: interesting because he has kind of Uh, he's like an 561 00:30:45,280 --> 00:30:47,600 Speaker 1: older dude and he has as a big bushy beard 562 00:30:48,360 --> 00:30:51,160 Speaker 1: and uh a little bit he looks like the who 563 00:30:51,200 --> 00:30:53,320 Speaker 1: was it? Was it? Red Green? The Red Green Show? 564 00:30:53,360 --> 00:30:56,720 Speaker 1: The Canadian Show? I thought the that was on PBS. 565 00:30:56,840 --> 00:30:58,320 Speaker 1: Kind of that kind of mentality, you know, kind of 566 00:30:58,320 --> 00:31:01,520 Speaker 1: a prospect you're looking. Beard does not have clown makeup on, 567 00:31:01,600 --> 00:31:04,680 Speaker 1: like she says, and his act reminds me like a 568 00:31:04,680 --> 00:31:07,120 Speaker 1: little bit of like an EMT Kelly kind of hobo 569 00:31:07,120 --> 00:31:09,840 Speaker 1: clown kind of thing. A lot of his materials seemed 570 00:31:09,840 --> 00:31:13,920 Speaker 1: to revolve around eating, but then there's also a miming 571 00:31:14,880 --> 00:31:18,640 Speaker 1: kind of Charlie Chaplin vibe to what he's doing. So 572 00:31:18,680 --> 00:31:21,800 Speaker 1: I found it really interesting because it seemed like maybe 573 00:31:21,800 --> 00:31:26,000 Speaker 1: it's avice into a certain extent. It's like clowns reclaiming 574 00:31:26,480 --> 00:31:29,360 Speaker 1: their territory. Okay, but there's no grease paint, is when 575 00:31:29,360 --> 00:31:31,760 Speaker 1: I'm caring. There's no grease paint, but that he doesn't need. 576 00:31:31,800 --> 00:31:35,120 Speaker 1: It's in a way it's kind of big shoes. Um, 577 00:31:35,960 --> 00:31:37,240 Speaker 1: I didn't know. I don't know if I could see 578 00:31:37,240 --> 00:31:41,640 Speaker 1: his feet, but a lot of napkin eating. Okay, alright, 579 00:31:41,680 --> 00:31:44,240 Speaker 1: So so Julia is still not convent but I'm gonna 580 00:31:44,320 --> 00:31:46,280 Speaker 1: check it out. We can we can talk about in 581 00:31:46,320 --> 00:31:50,560 Speaker 1: the next podcast. But I do I like this idea that, um, 582 00:31:50,600 --> 00:31:52,760 Speaker 1: maybe there's this return to this original sense of what 583 00:31:52,840 --> 00:31:56,120 Speaker 1: it is to clown and take it out of this 584 00:31:56,160 --> 00:31:58,680 Speaker 1: other darker realm that I seem to think of, take 585 00:31:58,720 --> 00:32:01,040 Speaker 1: it back to we were talking earlier about Comedia dell arte. 586 00:32:01,200 --> 00:32:04,080 Speaker 1: You know, Yeah, there's some rich roots to client. Maybe 587 00:32:04,120 --> 00:32:06,120 Speaker 1: we should actually do an episode on clowning. I don't 588 00:32:06,120 --> 00:32:07,720 Speaker 1: know how we get into the science all that much, 589 00:32:07,760 --> 00:32:12,240 Speaker 1: but uh, yeah, I don't know. Yeah, yeah, all right, Well, 590 00:32:12,400 --> 00:32:14,800 Speaker 1: thanks Lizzy for letting us know about that. If any 591 00:32:14,840 --> 00:32:17,080 Speaker 1: of you would like to pow wow with us and 592 00:32:17,120 --> 00:32:22,320 Speaker 1: share some inside on underwater sounds on clowning on the 593 00:32:22,400 --> 00:32:25,480 Speaker 1: back curia that live inside your gut, uh, let us 594 00:32:25,480 --> 00:32:28,240 Speaker 1: know about it. You can connect with us on Facebook 595 00:32:28,400 --> 00:32:30,280 Speaker 1: by just typing and stuff to blow your mind. You'll 596 00:32:30,280 --> 00:32:32,760 Speaker 1: find us there, um if you if you haven't looked 597 00:32:32,840 --> 00:32:34,600 Speaker 1: us up there, look us up, give us a like. 598 00:32:35,600 --> 00:32:38,200 Speaker 1: The more fans we have, the more people we can reach, 599 00:32:38,240 --> 00:32:40,800 Speaker 1: and we try and update that with you know, not 600 00:32:40,880 --> 00:32:43,240 Speaker 1: just shills for stuff that we've done and stuff we're doing, 601 00:32:43,280 --> 00:32:46,440 Speaker 1: but like just cool links that we come across, videos 602 00:32:46,480 --> 00:32:48,880 Speaker 1: that are you know, doing it for us, that kind 603 00:32:48,880 --> 00:32:50,800 Speaker 1: of thing. And you can also find us on Twitter 604 00:32:50,960 --> 00:32:53,800 Speaker 1: where our handle is blow the Mind. And we'll actually 605 00:32:53,800 --> 00:32:56,640 Speaker 1: try to post that video to bet Lizzie sign yes 606 00:32:56,880 --> 00:32:58,880 Speaker 1: so everybody can weigh in on fasically. I'll try and 607 00:32:58,920 --> 00:33:01,320 Speaker 1: put that on the Facebook for sure, yeah. Um, And 608 00:33:01,520 --> 00:33:03,400 Speaker 1: you can always drop us a line at blow the 609 00:33:03,440 --> 00:33:23,840 Speaker 1: Mind at discovery dot com.