1 00:00:00,120 --> 00:00:01,920 Speaker 1: This Day in History Class is a production of I 2 00:00:02,040 --> 00:00:07,360 Speaker 1: Heart Radio. Hi, I'm Eves and Welcome to This Day 3 00:00:07,360 --> 00:00:10,640 Speaker 1: in History Class, a show that uncovers a little bit 4 00:00:10,640 --> 00:00:24,360 Speaker 1: more about history every day. Today is September. The day 5 00:00:24,440 --> 00:00:30,680 Speaker 1: was September seventy two. Tupac Amdu, the last indigenous ruler 6 00:00:30,760 --> 00:00:34,160 Speaker 1: of the Inca, was executed in Cuzco by the Spanish 7 00:00:35,280 --> 00:00:39,479 Speaker 1: in fifteen thirty three. Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro and his 8 00:00:39,560 --> 00:00:44,519 Speaker 1: forces captured and killed Incan emperor Atahualpa. He was the 9 00:00:44,600 --> 00:00:48,239 Speaker 1: last Sapa Inca or sovereign emperor, believed to be a 10 00:00:48,280 --> 00:00:51,640 Speaker 1: direct descendant of the gods, though later rulers of the 11 00:00:51,720 --> 00:00:56,440 Speaker 1: Neo Inca state considered themselves Sapa Inca. After his death, 12 00:00:56,560 --> 00:01:02,040 Speaker 1: the Inca Empire effectively collapsed. Pissaro and his forces proceeded 13 00:01:02,080 --> 00:01:05,200 Speaker 1: to march on Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire, 14 00:01:05,560 --> 00:01:09,280 Speaker 1: and occupied the city. From there, the Spanish continued in 15 00:01:09,280 --> 00:01:13,319 Speaker 1: their quest to conquer and colonize Peru. The Spaniards had 16 00:01:13,440 --> 00:01:18,680 Speaker 1: cavalry guns, swords, and steel armor, and many Incans sided 17 00:01:18,720 --> 00:01:22,000 Speaker 1: with them, but the Inca, who were loyal to the empire, 18 00:01:22,160 --> 00:01:27,319 Speaker 1: did attempt to resist Spanish colonization. Originally a puppet ruler 19 00:01:27,360 --> 00:01:32,320 Speaker 1: installed by Pissaro Manco, Inca Yupanky rebelled against the Spanish 20 00:01:32,360 --> 00:01:36,399 Speaker 1: and formed his own army. He and his followers were 21 00:01:36,440 --> 00:01:39,880 Speaker 1: not able to retake Cusco, but they did establish a 22 00:01:39,959 --> 00:01:43,520 Speaker 1: Neo Inca state in Buca Bamba, a remote region east 23 00:01:43,560 --> 00:01:47,480 Speaker 1: of Cusco. The Neo Inca state functioned as a seat 24 00:01:47,520 --> 00:01:51,320 Speaker 1: of resistance. Manco and his supporters were not a serious 25 00:01:51,320 --> 00:01:54,920 Speaker 1: threat to the Spanish, but Bilka Bamba was a concern 26 00:01:55,080 --> 00:01:59,480 Speaker 1: to colonial officials. After Manco's rule ended in the Neo 27 00:01:59,560 --> 00:02:03,080 Speaker 1: incast eight, he was succeeded by his son Saari tupac 28 00:02:03,360 --> 00:02:09,520 Speaker 1: then Titucusi Panky then tupac Amaru. Tupac Amaru became the 29 00:02:09,560 --> 00:02:14,200 Speaker 1: Inca ruler after Titukuzzi died in fifteen seventy one. While 30 00:02:14,240 --> 00:02:18,000 Speaker 1: Titucusi fortified bilk Obamba and did not go to Cuzco, 31 00:02:18,520 --> 00:02:22,480 Speaker 1: he did eventually relent and was baptized into the Roman 32 00:02:22,520 --> 00:02:28,680 Speaker 1: Catholic Church. Tupac Amaru, though opposed Christianity and Spanish rule. 33 00:02:29,240 --> 00:02:33,280 Speaker 1: Churches in bilk Obamba were destroyed, Spaniards there were killed, 34 00:02:33,400 --> 00:02:37,400 Speaker 1: and the borders were closed, but the Spaniards in Cuzco 35 00:02:37,520 --> 00:02:40,880 Speaker 1: were not aware of the changes in bilk Obamba. After 36 00:02:40,960 --> 00:02:44,600 Speaker 1: a Spanish diplomat returning to build Obamba from Cuzco was killed, 37 00:02:44,960 --> 00:02:48,639 Speaker 1: the Spaniards justified attacking the Inca by concluding that they 38 00:02:48,680 --> 00:02:52,680 Speaker 1: had quote broken the inviolate law observed by all nations 39 00:02:52,760 --> 00:02:57,560 Speaker 1: of the world regarding ambassadors. Vice Roy Francisco de Toledo 40 00:02:57,840 --> 00:03:02,000 Speaker 1: declared war on bilk Obamba and fifty seventy two. When 41 00:03:02,000 --> 00:03:04,800 Speaker 1: the Spanish got to real Cabamba in June, the city 42 00:03:05,000 --> 00:03:09,400 Speaker 1: was destroyed. In tupac Amaru was gone, but Spanish soldiers 43 00:03:09,400 --> 00:03:12,720 Speaker 1: pursued the Inca who had fled and captured Tutikusi's son 44 00:03:12,800 --> 00:03:16,839 Speaker 1: and wife, tupac Amadu's relatives in generals, as well as 45 00:03:16,840 --> 00:03:20,520 Speaker 1: other prisoners and valuable items. With the help of a 46 00:03:20,560 --> 00:03:24,639 Speaker 1: group of indigenous people, tupac Amaru and his wife were captured. 47 00:03:25,400 --> 00:03:29,200 Speaker 1: The captured were sent to Cusco in late September. The 48 00:03:29,280 --> 00:03:34,200 Speaker 1: Spaniards attempted to convert the captives to Christianity. Tupac Amadus 49 00:03:34,280 --> 00:03:38,800 Speaker 1: generals were sentenced to death by hanging. After a hurried trial, 50 00:03:38,960 --> 00:03:42,880 Speaker 1: tupac Amaru was convicted of murder and sentenced to be beheaded, 51 00:03:43,280 --> 00:03:47,480 Speaker 1: though many people were sure that he was innocent. According 52 00:03:47,480 --> 00:03:50,320 Speaker 1: to one account, tupac Amaru was riding a mule with 53 00:03:50,400 --> 00:03:52,800 Speaker 1: his hands tied behind his back on the day of 54 00:03:52,880 --> 00:03:56,920 Speaker 1: his execution. Others said that he was surrounded by hundreds 55 00:03:56,920 --> 00:04:01,000 Speaker 1: of guards with lances. There are stubb all reported versions 56 00:04:01,040 --> 00:04:03,480 Speaker 1: of the speech Tupac a Madu gave as he prepared 57 00:04:03,600 --> 00:04:08,400 Speaker 1: to die on the scaffold on September. After he was executed, 58 00:04:08,600 --> 00:04:11,480 Speaker 1: his head was reportedly put on a pike along with 59 00:04:11,560 --> 00:04:15,720 Speaker 1: the heads of his generals. After locals began honoring tupac 60 00:04:15,800 --> 00:04:18,640 Speaker 1: Amdu at the sight of his severed head, the viceroy 61 00:04:18,800 --> 00:04:22,359 Speaker 1: ordered that his head be buried with his body. The 62 00:04:22,400 --> 00:04:26,320 Speaker 1: Spanish had colonized Peru. Incan culture and the land were 63 00:04:26,400 --> 00:04:30,320 Speaker 1: drastically affected by the arrival of the Spanish. Europeans carried 64 00:04:30,440 --> 00:04:34,479 Speaker 1: diseases that decimated Incan populations and culture and religion was 65 00:04:34,520 --> 00:04:38,839 Speaker 1: imposed upon the remaining Incans. I'm each Chef Coote and 66 00:04:38,880 --> 00:04:41,480 Speaker 1: hopefully you know a little more about history today than 67 00:04:41,520 --> 00:04:45,840 Speaker 1: you did yesterday. You can find us on Twitter, Instagram 68 00:04:45,839 --> 00:04:51,400 Speaker 1: and Facebook at t d I h C Podcast. Thanks 69 00:04:51,440 --> 00:04:54,600 Speaker 1: again for listening, and I hope you come back tomorrow 70 00:04:54,960 --> 00:05:03,799 Speaker 1: for more delicious morsels of history. Yeah. For more podcasts 71 00:05:03,800 --> 00:05:05,800 Speaker 1: from my heart Radio, visit the I heart Radio app, 72 00:05:05,839 --> 00:05:08,479 Speaker 1: Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.