WEBVTT - Fungus Among Us: The Science and Hype Behind Mushrooms - Lab 102 0:00:00.440 --> 0:00:03.120 All right, the Last of Us just wrapped in. I 0:00:03.279 --> 0:00:05.760 wasn't impressed to nothing me either. 0:00:06.160 --> 0:00:10.240 I just did not think it was as interesting or 0:00:10.280 --> 0:00:14.840 as gripping as the previous seasons. I was very bored, and. 0:00:15.280 --> 0:00:17.599 I feel like the only takeaway was that I was 0:00:17.680 --> 0:00:20.439 sideye in the oyster mushrooms at the Farmer's market and I. 0:00:20.360 --> 0:00:24.759 Was like, listen, this is the first season of the 0:00:24.840 --> 0:00:27.200 Last of Us. We've been needing to talk about this. 0:00:27.360 --> 0:00:30.120 So oh, because did I tell you I am taking 0:00:30.160 --> 0:00:33.480 a mushroom supplement. I'm taking Lion's main mushroom girl. 0:00:33.600 --> 0:00:36.720 No, I mean nothing wrong with it. Do you feel okay? 0:00:37.200 --> 0:00:39.440 I feel I mean, you know, I don't know if 0:00:39.440 --> 0:00:41.000 it's just like all in my mind or if it's 0:00:41.000 --> 0:00:43.080 actually doing something because I took it because I wanted 0:00:43.120 --> 0:00:45.680 to like make sure that I wasn't like having so 0:00:45.760 --> 0:00:48.680 much brain fog and stuff like that. Okay, so to 0:00:48.720 --> 0:00:54.040 help me focus, and I think it's going okay. I 0:00:54.080 --> 0:00:56.840 am not sure if it's doing anything, but I don't 0:00:56.840 --> 0:00:58.240 feel like I haven't been focused. 0:00:58.560 --> 0:01:00.360 Okay, all right, long as you're not clicking like on 0:01:00.400 --> 0:01:02.120 the Last of Us, we're good. We're good. 0:01:02.880 --> 0:01:06.720 Could you imagine I'm TT and I'm Zakiyah, and this 0:01:06.959 --> 0:01:14.360 is Dope Labs. Welcome to Dope Labs, a weekly podcast 0:01:14.360 --> 0:01:17.440 that mixes hardcore science with pop culture and a healthy 0:01:17.480 --> 0:01:25.039 dose of friendship. All Right, I think we already know 0:01:25.480 --> 0:01:28.679 funger everywhere. Yes, that is one of the first things 0:01:28.720 --> 0:01:29.240 that we know. 0:01:30.760 --> 0:01:34.880 And I know just from a little bit of microbiology background. 0:01:34.959 --> 0:01:36.800 I got to learn a little bit about fungus, but 0:01:36.840 --> 0:01:39.480 I know they have these like vast underground networks. They 0:01:39.560 --> 0:01:42.120 live on our skin and our guts, and they can 0:01:42.160 --> 0:01:43.680 even be spores in the air. 0:01:45.080 --> 0:01:48.000 I don't have a biology background, so I know nothing 0:01:48.040 --> 0:01:51.040 of those things. But I do know the pop culture, 0:01:51.120 --> 0:01:56.520 which is that everyone is obsessed. HBO's the Last of Us, 0:01:56.840 --> 0:02:01.000 put Cordyceps on the center stage, and TikTok Wellness keeps 0:02:01.040 --> 0:02:06.639 pushing lines made lattes and creams and all these different things. 0:02:06.720 --> 0:02:09.040 Girl, I had a mushroom beer the other day. I 0:02:09.040 --> 0:02:10.680 mean mushroom root beer. 0:02:11.120 --> 0:02:13.480 Oh there's mushroom coffee. 0:02:13.880 --> 0:02:17.600 Yes, there is also foraging for mushrooms is booming. 0:02:17.280 --> 0:02:19.800 Too, absolutely Now. 0:02:20.200 --> 0:02:22.639 I don't know. It's one thing to id birds. That's 0:02:22.639 --> 0:02:24.400 because I'm not gonna eat them. I don't know if 0:02:24.400 --> 0:02:25.840 I can I d mushrooms? 0:02:25.960 --> 0:02:28.160 You well, the only bird I mean is chicken. I think, 0:02:28.560 --> 0:02:30.400 oh in those quail eggs. We won't talk about it. 0:02:30.480 --> 0:02:32.200 And you're eating turkey, girl, What are you told? 0:02:32.280 --> 0:02:35.760 Right? I do eat turkey? Okay, So you know these 0:02:35.840 --> 0:02:38.120 these animals just don't register my mind when I'm eating. 0:02:38.120 --> 0:02:38.959 I'm sorry. 0:02:39.520 --> 0:02:43.840 Sorry, Peter thinking about the mushrooms and fun guy, Like, 0:02:43.919 --> 0:02:44.840 what do we want to know? 0:02:45.400 --> 0:02:49.680 I think what I want to know is which parts 0:02:49.800 --> 0:02:55.040 of the Cordyceps horror are rooted in like real actual 0:02:55.480 --> 0:02:57.480 mushrooms science, you know what I mean. 0:02:57.520 --> 0:03:00.560 It's like, where does the science separate from the fiction? 0:03:00.880 --> 0:03:03.400 Yeah? Where is the line between the sigh and the five? 0:03:05.520 --> 0:03:06.679 That whole show. 0:03:06.520 --> 0:03:10.200 Made me so nervous and I want to know, like 0:03:10.760 --> 0:03:13.080 I'm a Marketer's dream. Okay, I'll try it. 0:03:13.120 --> 0:03:13.280 All. 0:03:14.680 --> 0:03:18.840 Are these mushroom coffees and tinctures and brain elixers, you know, 0:03:18.880 --> 0:03:21.359 things to help lift the fog? Are they legit or 0:03:21.400 --> 0:03:22.720 are they just clever marketing? 0:03:22.840 --> 0:03:25.840 M Yeah? I mean if we take it a step further, 0:03:25.919 --> 0:03:29.480 it's like, how do fungi affect us every day? Like? 0:03:29.520 --> 0:03:32.320 How does it? How does it impact our well being 0:03:32.520 --> 0:03:33.639 and like our lives. 0:03:34.160 --> 0:03:37.440 Yeah, well, I think it's pretty clear today we're diving 0:03:37.480 --> 0:03:41.480 into fungui, those mysterious little things. And I'm not talking 0:03:41.560 --> 0:03:44.600 like Mario Brothers little you know, Tolstool. We're talking about 0:03:46.120 --> 0:03:49.600 things that are in our food, under our feet and 0:03:49.800 --> 0:03:55.280 on the last of us, controlling dead people. So we 0:03:55.320 --> 0:03:58.240 went to an expert in fungui and in foraging for 0:03:58.320 --> 0:03:58.960 fungui too. 0:03:59.360 --> 0:04:04.360 My name is Darling Go and you know I would 0:04:04.400 --> 0:04:08.480 say that first and foremost, I am a scientist. I 0:04:08.560 --> 0:04:12.200 do study and I major in data science at Georgia 0:04:12.240 --> 0:04:15.880 State University and so Apart from being a full time student, 0:04:16.120 --> 0:04:19.880 I'm also a park ranger at the Arabia Mountain National 0:04:19.920 --> 0:04:22.960 Heritage Area. I am the founder of Hikes of Georgia 0:04:23.040 --> 0:04:27.480 as well Hikes of Georgia as an educational and science 0:04:27.520 --> 0:04:31.599 based organization that's really meant to educate people on the 0:04:31.640 --> 0:04:34.719 study of fungi and mold as well as just general 0:04:34.839 --> 0:04:39.040 nature knowledge and you know, helping our community become better 0:04:39.080 --> 0:04:42.760 stewards of our land, because if not us, who will awesome. 0:04:42.920 --> 0:04:47.520 From park ranger to data scientists, you're connecting the dots 0:04:47.520 --> 0:04:51.400 between nature and technology and that is really really cool 0:04:51.440 --> 0:04:54.440 and we're really excited to have you. Okay, So my 0:04:54.640 --> 0:04:57.560 question is is that we want to break down mycology 0:04:57.680 --> 0:05:01.240 for our audience. What does the word mean? 0:05:01.760 --> 0:05:07.240 Mycology works from es centrally just a study of fungi, 0:05:07.720 --> 0:05:12.040 and the fungi comes from the micopart and so the 0:05:12.360 --> 0:05:16.480 ology we would know as generally being attributed to fields 0:05:16.480 --> 0:05:21.480 of study. When we think of the word mushroom and 0:05:21.520 --> 0:05:25.400 we think of the word fung gui, they can be synonymous. 0:05:25.680 --> 0:05:30.000 But technically the fung guy is the body. 0:05:30.200 --> 0:05:33.040 So we know the fruiting body that we typically see 0:05:33.120 --> 0:05:35.880 or we think of having that top and stem, that 0:05:36.240 --> 0:05:38.279 is what we typically call a mushroom. But there's so 0:05:38.400 --> 0:05:41.640 much more that you mentioned where the fun guy are 0:05:41.720 --> 0:05:44.400 growing underground, and sometimes there are things that we can't 0:05:44.440 --> 0:05:47.760 even see. I can remember growing up thinking about fung 0:05:47.800 --> 0:05:51.360 guy as decomposers, like they help stuff go away, or 0:05:51.400 --> 0:05:54.760 when wood is rotting, you're gonna see mushrooms there. Yes. 0:05:55.440 --> 0:06:00.400 Since then, and as I've grown, I've learned more. I 0:06:00.480 --> 0:06:05.120 think about the micro rhizal networks and I think they 0:06:05.160 --> 0:06:08.880 don't get enough credit. You know, I'm all about giving 0:06:08.880 --> 0:06:10.600 credit whorres to. But I feel like they don't get 0:06:10.680 --> 0:06:12.720 enough credit. Yeah, so I want to tell us a 0:06:12.720 --> 0:06:15.680 little bit about these networks. It help us imagine what 0:06:15.720 --> 0:06:18.640 would our force look like without those fun guy in 0:06:18.680 --> 0:06:21.159 the mix, because I think we don't really appreciate it. 0:06:21.480 --> 0:06:26.760 Y's right, absolutely, it's a wonderful question. By the way, Zakia, 0:06:27.400 --> 0:06:30.040 this opens up a whole You know, we can get 0:06:30.160 --> 0:06:33.240 very abstract here, but let's start very low level and 0:06:33.320 --> 0:06:36.240 we'll work our way up. There are three main categories. 0:06:36.800 --> 0:06:39.640 Off mushrooms or a fun guy. One of the main 0:06:39.680 --> 0:06:45.560 categories which are the saprophetic mushrooms. Saprophetic mushrooms, it's just 0:06:46.000 --> 0:06:50.760 the technical term for a decomposer, right, okay, And primarily 0:06:50.800 --> 0:06:53.599 a cool thing about them is usually on your hikes. 0:06:53.640 --> 0:06:56.120 This is going to be one of the more popular 0:06:56.320 --> 0:07:00.080 categories of mushrooms that you come across, because decomposition is 0:07:00.120 --> 0:07:04.400 always occurring in the ecosystem. And then we have another 0:07:04.839 --> 0:07:09.240 minor category with the smallest category would be the parasitic mushrooms. 0:07:09.640 --> 0:07:14.520 They have their own important ecological functions. For example, if 0:07:14.560 --> 0:07:17.440 there was a subset of an ecosystem of trees and 0:07:17.480 --> 0:07:20.480 an ecosystem that was already susceptible to a given disease. 0:07:21.680 --> 0:07:25.360 They're a compromisation by these parasitic fungi a lot easier. 0:07:25.760 --> 0:07:29.520 And this is generally what sort of trees. These parasitic 0:07:29.560 --> 0:07:33.240 fungi will prey on organisms that are already susceptible, and 0:07:33.320 --> 0:07:38.240 sometimes this parasitic fungui could easily mitigate the spread of 0:07:38.440 --> 0:07:43.600 disease to the greater population of the ecosystem. So exactly, 0:07:43.680 --> 0:07:47.280 although they're pretty gnarly right in nature, things are just 0:07:47.440 --> 0:07:51.280 merely designed beautifully with a cause and effect, and I 0:07:51.280 --> 0:07:54.000 think the more we understand that, the better we understand 0:07:54.040 --> 0:07:59.160 ourselves too. But getting onto your main point, these infamous 0:07:59.200 --> 0:08:02.760 Michael rises mushrooms and what's all to talk about them 0:08:03.280 --> 0:08:08.440 or microhyzel fungi. Think of it as filamentous threads that 0:08:08.520 --> 0:08:12.080 are roughly just one cell wall thick, and they're just 0:08:12.840 --> 0:08:18.920 moving underground, just spreading right. No eyes, no ears, no 0:08:19.040 --> 0:08:23.760 taste buds. It's super cool. These are organisms with no 0:08:23.920 --> 0:08:27.240 central nervous system that are still one of the most 0:08:27.240 --> 0:08:30.600 effective at acquiring resources, which is what makes it profound. 0:08:30.920 --> 0:08:35.680 But these microizal mushrooms is they're underground, they're looking for 0:08:35.800 --> 0:08:40.360 certain chemicals, and these chemicals are exactly what the trees 0:08:40.520 --> 0:08:46.360 are providing. There's always a chemical universe and a chemical 0:08:46.400 --> 0:08:50.600 relationship and dynamics going on underground. The roots of trees 0:08:50.640 --> 0:08:55.160 are pumping out these chemicals that attract mushrooms that can 0:08:55.160 --> 0:08:58.280 help provide them more resources. And here's where it gets 0:08:58.320 --> 0:09:04.199 even more fun. So this michael rhyzel mycilium, which is 0:09:04.600 --> 0:09:08.600 the network of this body of fungi, right, we refer 0:09:08.720 --> 0:09:12.720 to it as just a mycilium network. This myceilial network 0:09:12.800 --> 0:09:16.400 is it's spreading underground but encounters a chemical from a 0:09:16.480 --> 0:09:19.640 root of a tree that it thinks it can work 0:09:19.679 --> 0:09:23.200 with and maybe pair up for life. And what happens 0:09:23.240 --> 0:09:27.520 here is super cool. When they're within proximity of each other, 0:09:28.280 --> 0:09:32.600 the tree will keep letting out the chemical that's attracting 0:09:32.640 --> 0:09:35.679 this michel rhyzel mushroom that wants to form a relationship 0:09:35.720 --> 0:09:40.200 with it, and the micro hyzel myceolium realizes this and 0:09:40.440 --> 0:09:44.440 it starts letting out a specific chemical that lets it 0:09:44.600 --> 0:09:47.600 know that, hey, you know your best friends here type 0:09:47.640 --> 0:09:48.000 of deal. 0:09:48.400 --> 0:09:52.320 So that's chemotaxis moving away from or in this case, 0:09:52.480 --> 0:09:55.679 towards different chemical signals. 0:09:55.320 --> 0:09:59.720 Right, it's like their secret chemical message. And what happens 0:09:59.880 --> 0:10:02.200 is is and this is science and we've been able 0:10:02.200 --> 0:10:04.280 to figure out in the last decade. But as we 0:10:04.360 --> 0:10:08.360 know now, the root of the tree will let down 0:10:08.400 --> 0:10:09.360 it saw wall. 0:10:09.720 --> 0:10:12.640 Yeah, I saw that. Plants or trees recognize it as 0:10:12.679 --> 0:10:16.840 a symbiotic relationship, and the plants just dissolve their seal 0:10:16.920 --> 0:10:19.440 walls in that region that's near the fun guy and 0:10:19.480 --> 0:10:21.480 say like, come on in, I'm rolling out the red 0:10:21.520 --> 0:10:22.200 carpet for you. 0:10:23.080 --> 0:10:25.480 Okay, Okay, I think I get it. So it's building 0:10:25.720 --> 0:10:29.880 an infrastructure. It's kind of like a sidewalk welcoming you 0:10:30.200 --> 0:10:31.680 into the tree. 0:10:32.160 --> 0:10:36.439 Not just a sidewalk, a highway where nutrients and information 0:10:36.640 --> 0:10:40.360 is being passed twenty four to seven, three hundred and 0:10:40.400 --> 0:10:43.240 sixty five days of the week. Right, And this is 0:10:43.280 --> 0:10:45.760 the mic hoorizal relationship that's formed. 0:10:46.400 --> 0:10:49.680 This is really interesting. How does it affect us or 0:10:50.160 --> 0:10:51.120 does it affect us? 0:10:51.280 --> 0:10:55.360 Well, roughly eighty percent of trees are connected to a 0:10:55.400 --> 0:10:59.240 symbiotic relationship with some fungi, right, So they're connected with 0:10:59.320 --> 0:11:03.680 some sort of mic rhizo fungi, and fungi can be 0:11:03.800 --> 0:11:06.600 found everywhere in the World's the Arctic apart from those 0:11:06.640 --> 0:11:09.560 two poles, but everywhere else it's fair game. Even in 0:11:09.600 --> 0:11:15.079 deserts it's it's interesting. So essentially, this tree is siphering 0:11:15.120 --> 0:11:18.720 off carbon and it doesn't use all of this carbon, 0:11:18.840 --> 0:11:23.120 though it saves roughly twenty to thirty percent. It turns 0:11:23.160 --> 0:11:27.400 it into glucose and it trades it with the micylorhizol mushroom. 0:11:27.720 --> 0:11:30.960 It gives it sugar, and then what does the micro 0:11:31.040 --> 0:11:35.080 rhizal mushroom give in return? The myceelial network is so 0:11:35.240 --> 0:11:39.720 adept it can reach deep underground reservoirs the roots of 0:11:39.760 --> 0:11:44.000 trees can never dare imagine to reach right or just 0:11:44.160 --> 0:11:48.599 nutrient spots from dead animals or highly nutrient locations that 0:11:48.640 --> 0:11:50.839 are a little bit further off from the tree's main 0:11:50.920 --> 0:11:54.480 location that its roots can't reach to, and it's sending 0:11:54.520 --> 0:11:58.160 over the phosphorus, the nitrogen, and these are some of 0:11:58.200 --> 0:12:00.000 the main nutrients provide. 0:12:15.440 --> 0:12:18.200 We're talking about chemical signals that are saying like, hey, 0:12:18.360 --> 0:12:21.360 me and you, two different species, let's cooperate. And I 0:12:21.440 --> 0:12:23.839 feel like that's a little wild because when we think 0:12:23.840 --> 0:12:29.360 about cooperative I'm always thinking like in one species, you know. 0:12:28.720 --> 0:12:32.760 I, Yeah, that's wild. I mean that's a strong scent, 0:12:32.920 --> 0:12:37.560 that's strong cologne, strong perfume. You know, is that baccarat rouge? 0:12:37.640 --> 0:12:39.680 I heard that that's what all the young folks are. 0:12:39.600 --> 0:12:45.920 Wearing these I'm not smelling that. Now. 0:12:46.120 --> 0:12:49.720 Is this limited to just tree or plant communicating with 0:12:50.040 --> 0:12:53.760 symbiotic fungus or does this type of communication exist between 0:12:54.120 --> 0:12:55.920 one tree to the next tree. 0:12:56.080 --> 0:13:01.120 This is how the communication also happens. And if ecosystem 0:13:01.200 --> 0:13:04.559 and there was a mother tree that was doing pretty 0:13:04.600 --> 0:13:08.360 well off, but then you had saplings a couple miles 0:13:08.400 --> 0:13:13.280 off in the forest that were in danger. There's this communication, 0:13:13.440 --> 0:13:16.840 there's a distress signal that's sent from the sapling and 0:13:16.960 --> 0:13:20.920 they're all communicating via this micro ryzel network. And what 0:13:21.040 --> 0:13:24.640 happens is the mother could decide to channel its resources 0:13:25.120 --> 0:13:29.800 to the saplings in helping it grow some more, which 0:13:29.880 --> 0:13:33.800 is just it's beautiful. And so it brings on a 0:13:33.840 --> 0:13:37.719 new meaning of you know, we have this notion of 0:13:37.800 --> 0:13:42.319 saying the forest is alive. Right, these things are just communicating, 0:13:42.559 --> 0:13:48.800 transferring information and resources. And micro rhizel mushrooms are the 0:13:48.840 --> 0:13:52.960 nervous system of the forest, right, many ways of looking 0:13:53.000 --> 0:13:56.880 at it, but without microhizel mushrooms. We wouldn't have trees 0:13:56.920 --> 0:13:59.800 in a lot of places that we do now, or 0:14:00.000 --> 0:14:03.720 you wouldn't have forest as dense and deep in the growth. 0:14:04.080 --> 0:14:08.079 So then this plays into how much forest can actually 0:14:08.120 --> 0:14:13.000 siphon off from sequestering carbon from the atmosphere. Microhizal mushrooms 0:14:13.080 --> 0:14:16.520 or by far one of my favorite categories of mushrooms. 0:14:16.600 --> 0:14:19.320 I really loved how you describe that, because, I mean, 0:14:19.320 --> 0:14:21.080 at first I was like, oh, this sounds scary, but 0:14:21.160 --> 0:14:26.600 then you you describe such a beautiful relationship between the 0:14:26.760 --> 0:14:32.160 tree and the fungus, and it's it's like almost emotional, 0:14:32.240 --> 0:14:36.240 like how much they depend on each other and they used, 0:14:36.480 --> 0:14:38.920 how much they use each other. The way you described 0:14:39.360 --> 0:14:44.000 how the fungus moves underground and it is moving through things, 0:14:44.040 --> 0:14:46.520 you know what reminded me of They reminded me of 0:14:46.880 --> 0:14:48.480 the Last of Us. I don't know if you've been 0:14:48.600 --> 0:14:54.480 watching that as a mushroom expert, cortescep, but they talk 0:14:54.600 --> 0:14:58.080 about cordyceps all the time, and I feel like the 0:14:58.120 --> 0:15:00.840 word cordycep now is now a part of the zeitgeist 0:15:00.920 --> 0:15:03.480 because of this show, and we don't know a lot 0:15:03.520 --> 0:15:06.960 about it, and this show is basically teaching us, and 0:15:07.040 --> 0:15:09.680 we don't know if it's true or not, right, so 0:15:09.760 --> 0:15:11.920 we just want to kind of have a little bit 0:15:11.920 --> 0:15:15.000 of a reality check when it comes to courtusps and 0:15:15.760 --> 0:15:16.720 human zombies. 0:15:18.520 --> 0:15:21.800 I always always get at least one person on the 0:15:21.880 --> 0:15:26.240 high Ku recommends that show and I still haven't yet 0:15:26.240 --> 0:15:28.560 watched it. I've heard about it so much that I 0:15:28.600 --> 0:15:31.800 actually went I've read up on the show. Quartersps are 0:15:32.080 --> 0:15:35.800 really cool because they sort of are the prime example 0:15:36.200 --> 0:15:40.160 of a zombie like takeover and what that could look like. 0:15:40.400 --> 0:15:43.720 Mushrooms are shaped in all sorts of ways, right. You'll 0:15:43.720 --> 0:15:47.040 see some with caps, You'll see some with oozing jelly, 0:15:47.240 --> 0:15:52.240 You'll see some with multiple fronds. But they're all meant 0:15:52.280 --> 0:15:56.080 to enhance their sporelation process, which is just the way 0:15:56.120 --> 0:15:59.840 that they released their sports, and the spores could germinate 0:16:00.160 --> 0:16:03.080 on a lot of different things, right. It doesn't just 0:16:03.120 --> 0:16:05.280 have to be the dead wood or the leaf litter 0:16:05.360 --> 0:16:08.600 in the forest ecosystem. It can be a living tree. 0:16:08.760 --> 0:16:12.400 Primarily a lot of insects and a ragnet are the 0:16:12.560 --> 0:16:16.720 favorite host for the quarter steps. The way mushrooms grow 0:16:16.920 --> 0:16:20.760 is by way of external excretion of enzymes, and these 0:16:20.880 --> 0:16:24.520 enzymes are ponent enough to break down the kitan, which 0:16:24.560 --> 0:16:29.600 is just the shell of these insects, and so once 0:16:29.640 --> 0:16:33.280 a spore, which is microscopic, it's almost invisible to the eye. 0:16:33.760 --> 0:16:36.280 It lands on this and to lands on this beetle. 0:16:36.920 --> 0:16:41.040 As it eats its way into its body, it starts 0:16:41.160 --> 0:16:46.240 filling it with mycilium. And the insect has no idea 0:16:46.280 --> 0:16:50.880 this is happening. It is just living life as it 0:16:51.040 --> 0:16:55.440 always was. It's a PG Friday, It's Taco Tuesday for it. 0:16:56.800 --> 0:17:01.440 There is nothing going on. Slowly, but surely, the mysilium 0:17:02.680 --> 0:17:07.919 completely encapsulates this insect, and at that point then something 0:17:08.040 --> 0:17:12.440 very special happens. We still have here a chemical relationship. 0:17:12.840 --> 0:17:17.240 The masilium starts flooding the brain of this insect with 0:17:17.920 --> 0:17:22.040 chemicals of dopamine and a lot of excitement and a 0:17:22.080 --> 0:17:26.879 lot of rage, and it starts to take control of 0:17:27.000 --> 0:17:31.960 the movement of this insect, and it forces it not 0:17:32.080 --> 0:17:37.280 too far off from its colony. It forces it to 0:17:37.840 --> 0:17:43.240 the highest point by the colony, close enough to where 0:17:43.560 --> 0:17:47.760 when the mushroom sprouts, its spores have a higher probability 0:17:48.160 --> 0:17:52.000 of encountering more hosts like it. So this ant climbs 0:17:52.080 --> 0:17:56.120 up the closest tree, looks at the twig that's really 0:17:56.200 --> 0:18:00.400 high up, finds a leaf, clamps on the leaf, and 0:18:00.440 --> 0:18:05.200 that's the last thing this insect ever does. Within yep, 0:18:05.280 --> 0:18:09.600 and within days two weeks, the mushroom completely eats the 0:18:09.640 --> 0:18:13.639 ant or the insect insight. And then we get this 0:18:13.840 --> 0:18:18.160 cool and this really awesome looking horn that comes out 0:18:18.160 --> 0:18:23.520 of the mushroom in the form of quartersps and quartersps. 0:18:23.560 --> 0:18:25.679 Because at this point people may be like, ah, a 0:18:25.760 --> 0:18:29.000 parasitic mushroom, Like it's kind of gross. I get why 0:18:29.000 --> 0:18:32.600 they'd make a show about it, But it's actually really 0:18:32.680 --> 0:18:35.359 popular in holistic medical practices. 0:18:35.880 --> 0:18:38.680 All right, wait wait, wait, wait wait, because you would 0:18:38.720 --> 0:18:40.520 just talking about something a little while. That's not the 0:18:40.560 --> 0:18:42.879 plot twist that I saw coming right. 0:18:44.520 --> 0:18:51.399 Quartersps are known, especially in Asian medicine, right to enhance 0:18:51.440 --> 0:18:54.400 athletic performance, speed up recovery. 0:18:55.040 --> 0:18:58.720 So today we learn mushrooms can either create insect zombies 0:18:58.960 --> 0:19:02.480 or boost your athletic performance. Choose your fighter. 0:19:03.359 --> 0:19:05.800 It's really cool. It's really cool. So as far as 0:19:05.880 --> 0:19:08.080 the clinical trials that are being done in the West 0:19:08.160 --> 0:19:13.439 right now, it's primarily for enhance energy, athletic performance and 0:19:13.480 --> 0:19:18.600 speeding up recovery. There's also another medicinal factor. It's known 0:19:18.640 --> 0:19:21.160 for in a lot of Asian countries, and it's known 0:19:21.320 --> 0:19:27.399 as the mushroom that can slow down aging. It's really cool. 0:19:27.840 --> 0:19:32.480 But just for more practical clinical research, we have found 0:19:32.480 --> 0:19:35.479 that there is a specific compound known as quarti sapin 0:19:36.359 --> 0:19:40.080 in these quartersap mushrooms. But believe me, this thing is 0:19:40.119 --> 0:19:42.760 only going to get more popular because from what trial 0:19:42.840 --> 0:19:45.800 is already showing from the last several decades, i'd say 0:19:45.800 --> 0:19:48.200 ten to twenty years, there's a lot of research that's 0:19:48.240 --> 0:19:51.840 being backed up and corroborated now in the scientific world 0:19:51.880 --> 0:19:55.760 regarding the medicinal benefits of mushrooms and quarters apps. It's 0:19:55.960 --> 0:19:58.439 right there with the top along with Lion's main and 0:19:58.480 --> 0:19:58.879 the like. 0:19:59.680 --> 0:20:03.280 Listen, the benefits seem great, but I don't feel like 0:20:03.359 --> 0:20:06.199 those advances are enough to make me want to be 0:20:06.240 --> 0:20:10.000 infected by mushrooms like Courtyceps last of Us style. I'm 0:20:10.040 --> 0:20:12.359 just glad that's not possible, Okay. 0:20:12.080 --> 0:20:13.840 Same, Can I ask you a question? 0:20:14.000 --> 0:20:14.240 Yes? 0:20:14.359 --> 0:20:15.800 Yeah, why not? 0:20:16.160 --> 0:20:16.320 Right? 0:20:16.440 --> 0:20:19.560 Because here's the thing. Every time we breathe in, unless 0:20:19.560 --> 0:20:23.639 you're in a cleanly ventilated closed system. Yeah, every time 0:20:23.680 --> 0:20:25.800 we're breathing in. You're breathing in at least ten to 0:20:25.880 --> 0:20:30.399 at least thirty different mushroom spores, So why don't mushrooms? No, 0:20:30.480 --> 0:20:42.120 it's okay, like breathe it in, Come on, come on, okay, okay, right, 0:20:42.440 --> 0:20:44.840 So then the question is, you know, I know, is 0:20:44.880 --> 0:20:47.040 I ask this and I get some funny answers, But 0:20:47.200 --> 0:20:50.119 it's really simple. Why don't mushrooms grow inside of us? 0:20:50.680 --> 0:20:52.360 We're too warm for them. 0:20:52.560 --> 0:20:55.359 Yes, our temperatures are hot enough to inhibit its growth, 0:20:55.520 --> 0:20:57.920 but they can survive pretty warm temperatures. 0:20:58.240 --> 0:21:01.280 You know, I'm glad spores aren't germinating and growing in 0:21:01.320 --> 0:21:03.439 my lungs, but I do know we have them on 0:21:03.480 --> 0:21:06.919 our skin. We have a microbiome, so fun Guy exists 0:21:06.920 --> 0:21:10.840 in our scalps, our hands, our feet, and you know, 0:21:11.040 --> 0:21:12.399 instead of just the two of us, it's just the 0:21:12.440 --> 0:21:18.080 three of us, fun God, bacteria and ourselves. And sometimes 0:21:18.119 --> 0:21:19.960 you know, that balance gets out of line, and that's 0:21:19.960 --> 0:21:22.600 when you start to see yeast or some other component 0:21:22.680 --> 0:21:25.200 like growing too much. So when you see babies having 0:21:25.280 --> 0:21:27.720 thrush all that white stuff in their mouth, or some 0:21:27.760 --> 0:21:31.080 types of dandruff and acne are caused by yeast overgrowing 0:21:31.200 --> 0:21:33.840 like Malicesia is the name of that yeast. 0:21:34.240 --> 0:21:36.160 Wow, I did not know that. 0:21:36.520 --> 0:21:39.800 Yeah, that's the cool thing about this dance we call 0:21:39.920 --> 0:21:43.040 life and the dance that we have here in the universes. 0:21:43.760 --> 0:21:46.920 Not everything is a giver, some things are takers. But 0:21:47.119 --> 0:21:51.280 in some way, the levels of which these relationships are working, 0:21:51.400 --> 0:21:55.240 it can create a whole organ system. For example, I 0:21:55.240 --> 0:21:58.359 think you alluded to a perfect fact that our body 0:21:58.400 --> 0:22:03.159 actually carries more helpful bacteria than not just the majority 0:22:03.400 --> 0:22:06.720 of these bacteria or parasitic in nature and actually giving 0:22:06.800 --> 0:22:10.320 us something back. They're helping us live. And of course, 0:22:10.359 --> 0:22:15.520 when you have this imbalance between givers and takers, right 0:22:15.920 --> 0:22:21.320 between these parasites that are just exploiting and not giving 0:22:21.359 --> 0:22:25.120 us much back, this imbalance creates a wreck in the body, 0:22:25.400 --> 0:22:27.920 and we see that in the form of rashes and 0:22:28.359 --> 0:22:34.000 fungal infections and disease and illness. Right, But a healthy 0:22:34.440 --> 0:22:39.639 symbiotic system is a body that has healthy parasites. 0:22:39.840 --> 0:22:40.040 You know. 0:22:40.080 --> 0:22:42.600 And some people may be put off by this, and 0:22:42.640 --> 0:22:47.159 I get that, but honestly, it's really the reality. 0:22:46.920 --> 0:22:48.000 That's such a good point. 0:23:03.240 --> 0:23:06.560 I'm on TikTok, I'm a I won't say I'm a TikToker, 0:23:07.080 --> 0:23:12.199 but I'm a TikTok watcher, and I feel like I 0:23:12.240 --> 0:23:16.640 am on the mushroom side of TikTok where everybody's talking 0:23:16.640 --> 0:23:19.760 about all these different mushrooms that can help you. Like 0:23:19.920 --> 0:23:22.959 you mentioned that in the earlier on in our conversation, 0:23:23.200 --> 0:23:26.679 Lions Maine. That's the one that's been creeping up a 0:23:26.840 --> 0:23:31.199 lot on my for you page, And I feel like 0:23:31.320 --> 0:23:34.480 people like the videos I'm seeing. I'm like, yeah, I 0:23:34.520 --> 0:23:38.359 started taking lines made. Now is it a placebo I 0:23:38.400 --> 0:23:38.840 don't know. 0:23:40.960 --> 0:23:41.520 Even if it. 0:23:41.560 --> 0:23:48.639 Is, it's working, Oh wonderful. But that's the one that 0:23:48.680 --> 0:23:51.280 I hear about a lot, is Lines Maine mushroom. 0:23:51.400 --> 0:23:53.840 It is a huge boom right now. What's going on 0:23:53.960 --> 0:23:57.840 with the mushroom herbal medicinal space, right You have companies 0:23:57.840 --> 0:24:02.639 coming out of the woodwork touting whatever remedies, whatever benefits 0:24:02.680 --> 0:24:07.080 for their latest mushroom supplement and their latest mushroom. It's great. 0:24:07.800 --> 0:24:10.560 The best way I would say is to keep yourself 0:24:10.600 --> 0:24:14.480 informed and keep yourself protected obviously by you know, getting 0:24:14.480 --> 0:24:17.520 in touch with Hyser Georgia. If you need a company 0:24:17.520 --> 0:24:20.360 to be reviewed, of course, get in touch with us. 0:24:20.480 --> 0:24:21.520 Oh but perfect. 0:24:21.640 --> 0:24:25.600 Yes, yes, of course, But I would say that generally 0:24:25.680 --> 0:24:28.680 you want to get in the habit of understanding the 0:24:28.680 --> 0:24:32.560 dosages that these companies are working with, because that's really 0:24:32.640 --> 0:24:37.560 the whole playing field here that they're weeding through the companies. 0:24:37.600 --> 0:24:40.399 In general, we know for sure that these mushrooms are 0:24:40.440 --> 0:24:45.760 backed up scientifically with clinical research. Quarter steps enhance energy 0:24:46.160 --> 0:24:49.119