Speaker 1: We celebrate in love and we danced.
Speaker 2: Then it was amazing.
Speaker 1: Then the rockets started in gunshots everywhere.
Speaker 2: We managed to escape, but.
Speaker 3: There are a lot of friends that didn't.
Speaker 4: What we will do to our enemies in the coming days,
Speaker 4: will reverberate with them for generations.
Speaker 2: A missile hit in the square and there was rubble
Speaker 2: hitting us. As we were walking. There was glass metal.
Speaker 2: It was like doomsday.
Speaker 5: There are civilians here whom are not our enemy, and
Speaker 5: we do not want to target them. We are asking
Speaker 5: them to evacuate.
Speaker 1: There are fifty people in the house without any food, drink, water,
Speaker 1: or electricity.
Speaker 2: I don't know how we'll provide food for our children.
Speaker 6: War isn't what we're looking for, but war was forced
Speaker 6: upon us by a bloodthirsty terrorist organization.
Speaker 5: On the seventh of October, Hamas attacked Israel. One two
Speaker 5: hundred people were killed and more than two hundred others
Speaker 5: taken to Gaza as hostages. It was the largest loss
Speaker 5: of Jewish life since the Holocaust. Israel's military response was swift.
Speaker 5: At the time of this recording, Gaza's Hamas run government
Speaker 5: says more than fifteen thousand people have been killed there,
Speaker 5: including thousands of children a moment ago. You heard from
Speaker 5: some of those at the heart of this story in
Speaker 5: Israel and in Gaza, but the impact of the conflict
Speaker 5: is being felt far beyond the Middle East, from Cape
Speaker 5: Town to Paris, London and New York. Reports of hate
Speaker 5: crimes have risen dramatically. It's a difficult evolution to measure,
Speaker 5: but our global team of Bloomberg journalists have been collating
Speaker 5: the data, allowing us to build a unique picture of
Speaker 5: rising anti Semitism and anti Arab, anti Muslim sentiment. For
Speaker 5: this special program, we've brought together some of the journalists
Speaker 5: who worked on this project to hear what they found
Speaker 5: out and some of those affected. Let's start in New York,
Speaker 5: and our bureau chief, Katia Poorzakanski is with us for this. Katia,
Speaker 5: what's changed in New York for the Jewish and Muslim
Speaker 5: communities since the seventh of October.
Speaker 4: I'd say New York is on edge. The city is
Speaker 4: a home to the largest Muslim population in the United States,
Speaker 4: but also the largest Jewish population outside of Israel. We've
Speaker 4: had demonstrations in the streets starting the day after the
Speaker 4: attacks in Israel and seemingly haven't stopped it's been a
Speaker 4: constant flow of demonstrations in the streets and on campuses,
Speaker 4: and it's putting all the communities on edge.
Speaker 2: Kati.
Speaker 5: A lot of this discourse has been playing out, as
Speaker 5: you've said, in universities. What is the conversation that's being
Speaker 5: had there? What sorts of things have we been hearing
Speaker 5: from from people attending those universes.
Speaker 1: So in the.
Speaker 4: United States, universities are in large part bound by freedom
Speaker 4: of speech, which means you can say a lot, you
Speaker 4: can protest, of course, you can hold signs, you can
Speaker 4: say hateful things. In large part, universities, however, are also
Speaker 4: bound by the Civil Rights Act. They have to protect
Speaker 4: students from discrimination. So you're having this kind of strange
Speaker 4: situation happening on campuses where the bounds of free speech
Speaker 4: are really being tested, but at the same time administrators
Speaker 4: are being scrutinized to make sure that they're not allowing
Speaker 4: for discriminatory environments. The Anti Defamation League has seen a
Speaker 4: tremendous surge in anti Semitism incidents in the country and
Speaker 4: says a large bulk of them are happening on campuses.
Speaker 4: You have assaults, threats in Cornell University a student was
Speaker 4: arrested for making threats to kill Jews on campus and
Speaker 4: to shoot up the Kosher dining hall. But then you
Speaker 4: also have, you know, the perceived anti Semitism that students
Speaker 4: are feeling, for example, from some of the signs that
Speaker 4: are being held at some of the demonstrations on campus.
Speaker 4: And that's where you get into kind of this gray
Speaker 4: area where one student is saying, look, this is a
Speaker 4: direct threat on my life, and another student I say,
Speaker 4: you're misinterpreting what I'm saying here. I spoke with two
Speaker 4: individuals who are trying to bring the two communities together,
Speaker 4: Rabbi Mark Schneider and Imam shamzi Eli, and they met
Speaker 4: with a Jewish community of students from different schools in
Speaker 4: the New York area, and then they met with a
Speaker 4: community of Muslim leaders similarly from the schools in the area.
Speaker 4: And you know, one of the first things that happened
Speaker 4: in their meeting with the Muslim leaders was the Muslim
Speaker 4: students that we are not pro Hamas, and we are
Speaker 4: being conflated as being pro Hamas. We are trying to
Speaker 4: demonstrate for the city of Gaza that are being killed.
Speaker 4: When you talk to Jewish students. You know, they're saying
Speaker 4: you have signs that are saying from the river to
Speaker 4: the sea, and that is a direct threat for the
Speaker 4: eradication of Israel and a threat on my life potentially.
Speaker 4: So these are the nuances that are appearing. But then
Speaker 4: they're also very blatant acts of hate that are really
Speaker 4: concerning to leaders.
Speaker 5: We'll come back to New York in a moment, but
Speaker 5: I want to go next to Paris and Bloomberg's Jenny
Speaker 5: Chain and France's home to the largest both Jewish and
Speaker 5: Muslim communities in Europe. That's numbers based though on survey evidence,
Speaker 5: because official statistics in France don't include religion due to
Speaker 5: the seculers and principles and trined in French low Jenny,
Speaker 5: I want to talk to you about how much we
Speaker 5: know about how much hate crime has increased in France
Speaker 5: since the seventh of October.
Speaker 7: It's really hard to quantify the change in a number
Speaker 7: of hate crimes in France since the start of the war.
Speaker 7: The French government has been very vocal about the rise
Speaker 7: of the anti Semitic acts in the last few weeks,
Speaker 7: but authorities have not been very good at providing comparative data,
Speaker 7: particularly about the number of acts totaling Muslims in the
Speaker 7: same period, and you have seen the government is taking
Speaker 7: a different approach to these two different communities. There was
Speaker 7: a cross country march against Scientism held earlier in November
Speaker 7: that drew one hundred and eighty thousand people and several
Speaker 7: government officials, including the Prime Minister, Elizabeth Won.
Speaker 1: Obviously, it was important for me to be here with
Speaker 1: my government to say that France must protect all of
Speaker 1: its citizens who may be worried because of their origins,
Speaker 1: all their religion. The government and all ministers want to
Speaker 1: say to all our fellow citizens of the Jewish faith
Speaker 1: that we are at their sides, we are alert, and
Speaker 1: we will not let anything pass us by.
Speaker 7: On the other hand, a few days after the war,
Speaker 7: the government tried to issue a blanket ban on pro
Speaker 7: Palestinian demonstrations. Later a court rule that it was up
Speaker 7: to regional authorities to decide on a case by case basis.
Speaker 7: But we're seeing this uneven data in this different approach
Speaker 7: to the communities, and that's it's made it hard to
Speaker 7: track the difference in acts targeting Jewish people here and
Speaker 7: Muslim people here.
Speaker 5: France has seen several high profile anti Semitic attacks in
Speaker 5: recent years, the attacks on a Jewish school and Toulose
Speaker 5: in twenty twelve, the supermarket attack in twenty fifteen as well.
Speaker 5: How have the community been responding to this latest rise
Speaker 5: in anti Semitism?
Speaker 7: So the government has given numbers on Antisemitic acts since
Speaker 7: the start of the war, and there have been more
Speaker 7: than fifteen hundred and that's more than three times all
Speaker 7: of two thousand and two. But it's partial data, so
Speaker 7: they haven't produced data on anti Muslim acts. But the
Speaker 7: result has been that there is more concern within the
Speaker 7: Jewish community and Juna dan Ashi, the president of Kreef,
Speaker 7: which is an umbrella organization for Jewish groups in the country,
Speaker 7: said that some Jewish people have changed their day to
Speaker 7: day behaviors and that may include a notably kind of
Speaker 7: removing outward religious symbols such as taking the star of
Speaker 7: David Arthur Nicholas or changing their names to a lesser
Speaker 7: Jewish stunding name when they're putting in in order on
Speaker 7: food delivery apps.
Speaker 5: Let's go to South Africa next. Michael Cohne is our
Speaker 5: South Africa government reporter in Cape Town, of course, Michael.
Speaker 5: The history of racial division as well known as South Africa.
Speaker 5: But this is a conflict that's created a very different
Speaker 5: kind of schism. The government's position on the Israel Hamas War.
Speaker 5: How is that effect during the Jewish community there.
Speaker 8: Traditionally relationships between the Jewish community and the government have
Speaker 8: been pretty cordial. We've seen the Rebbils being invited to
Speaker 8: speak at major nationally ben So, You've seen the president
Speaker 8: going to the synagogue and so on. Since startbreak of
Speaker 8: the war, the relationship has really gone down the tube,
Speaker 8: and the Jewish community is really really unhappy about the
Speaker 8: position that the government has taken of Africa. Is one
Speaker 8: of five Developing Nathans that's called on the Criminal Court
Speaker 8: to investigate where the Israeli authorities are guilty of war crimes.
Speaker 8: They are really very disappointed at the government's failure to
Speaker 8: express their sympathies about all the people that were killed
Speaker 8: in southern Israel. The relationship really is at an all
Speaker 8: time and low. Incidance of anti Semitism here I've also
Speaker 8: spiked We've seen a number of protests on a weekly basis.
Speaker 8: We've seen protests from both sides. The situation really is
Speaker 8: at its lowest ever.
Speaker 5: Michael I wanted to bring in one of the interviews
Speaker 5: that our team has conducted for this piece. Karen Milner
Speaker 5: is the national chairperson of the South African Jewish Board
Speaker 5: of Deputies. Let's take a listen to what she has
Speaker 5: to say about this.
Speaker 3: And we've seen over eighty incidentss of antisemitism in the
Speaker 3: last month, and the severity of those.
Speaker 8: Are much much worse.
Speaker 3: We've seen a rabbi who was a TechEd in his car,
Speaker 3: there was an attempt to drive him to put him
Speaker 3: off the road that he was subject to gross into
Speaker 3: Semitic abuse, and there was an.
Speaker 2: Attempt to raim his car.
Speaker 3: So that's one example of the level of fun and
Speaker 3: anti Semitism that we're starting to see unfortunately.
Speaker 5: So that's Karen Milner from the South African Jewish Board
Speaker 5: of Deputies. We've also been speaking to Roshan Dado, who's
Speaker 5: the coordinator of the South African Boycott, Devestment and Sanctions Coalition.
Speaker 5: Let's take a listen to her position.
Speaker 8: Well, I would.
Speaker 3: Question the fact that there's been a search of anti
Speaker 3: semitism because again, I think people who are opposing what
Speaker 3: the States of Israel is doing opposing this genocide and desigonists.
Speaker 3: It's against designs projects.
Speaker 5: Of course, that's a very strong language that some people
Speaker 5: would find offensive, and Jewish people would in d say
Speaker 5: is representative of the sentiment that they're experiencing in many
Speaker 5: parts of the world as well. Michael, how complex is
Speaker 5: this relationship in terms of its evolution and how we
Speaker 5: can consider how serious this increase in anti sim incidents
Speaker 5: has been.
Speaker 8: The Jewish community is a really very small component of
Speaker 8: the population, less than zero point one percent, but they
Speaker 8: have quite a prominent role in the legal fraternity, in
Speaker 8: business and so on. I think it's a really tricky
Speaker 8: time for the Jewish community here. We've seen leaders saying
Speaker 8: that the government is not standing up for them and
Speaker 8: that they're really concerned about their future here. Most of
Speaker 8: the protests that we've seen have been recently peaceful. We
Speaker 8: had one pro Israel protest that was broken up by
Speaker 8: some pro Palestine supporters and four people were arrested. I
Speaker 8: think there are concerns that things could spiral out of control.
Speaker 5: Of course, the Muslim community in South Africa is much larger.
Speaker 5: The country home to almost a million Muslims. Have there
Speaker 5: been a rise in incidents of Islamophobia as well.
Speaker 8: I haven't picked that up in any meaningful way. I
Speaker 8: think partly because the Jewish community is so small. But
Speaker 8: there'll be no incident of anything in that direction. I mean,
Speaker 8: we've seen security at schools and synagogues being intensified. I
Speaker 8: don't think them get Muslim schools and mosques.
Speaker 5: Okay, let's come back to London next. Our reporter aim
Speaker 5: and Firehat is here with me now. London, aiming like
Speaker 5: New York, is somewhere where there is a significant amount
Speaker 5: of data that can help us to understand what's happened
Speaker 5: since the seventh of October. What numbers are available first
Speaker 5: of all, and what have they told us about the trend?
Speaker 9: So according to the Metropolisan Police, on average is about
Speaker 9: sixty cases of ant Semitic crimes in London every month,
Speaker 9: but in October, just after the attack, there have been
Speaker 9: five hundred and thirty three. That's almost nine times more
Speaker 9: than usual. And for ssymophobic attacks it's the same thing.
Speaker 9: It's about two to three times as much as the norm.
Speaker 9: So definitely been a huge surge of it. It's also
Speaker 9: what we hear we talk to people in the street.
Speaker 9: I spoke to different community leaders. I spoke to rabbiosmams
Speaker 9: and they're saying that tensions are very, very high. You know,
Speaker 9: we've had mass protests on the street basically every Saturday,
Speaker 9: and this culminated in the eleventh of November. We had
Speaker 9: this big protest that kind of came to clash with
Speaker 9: some far right groups. So the eleventh of November is
Speaker 9: remembering today in the UK, remembering the fallen soldiers across
Speaker 9: different wars, but specifically for World War One, and lots
Speaker 9: of people from the far right decided to call on
Speaker 9: their supporters that conduct to London to protect the monuments
Speaker 9: and this did cause some clashes with the police. Eighteenth
Speaker 9: police officers I think were injured, lots of violence there.
Speaker 9: The protesters were mostly peaceful, but there is a lot
Speaker 9: of tension around this.
Speaker 5: One of the interviews that you have conducted around this issue,
Speaker 5: Merian Berger, is the senior rabbi of the Finchally Reformed Synagogue,
Speaker 5: and you spoke to her just before that demonstration in London.
Speaker 10: I think it's a really difficult time to feel safe after.
Speaker 9: June in London.
Speaker 10: At the moment, I don't think that cancelling the rally
Speaker 10: would have been something that would have made us feel safer.
Speaker 10: It would have potentially made more people more committed to
Speaker 10: doing something that you know, this way comes under the
Speaker 10: auspices of the police to be able to patrol, to
Speaker 10: be able to work in dialogue with the organizers, and
Speaker 10: to be able to be in dialogue with the Jewish
Speaker 10: community to say how can we help them make you
Speaker 10: feel safe at this time. So, you know, I think
Speaker 10: everyone's doing what they can do and hoping for the
Speaker 10: bests that extremists don't win out. But actually the nuance
Speaker 10: and moderate voice is the one that we hear going
Speaker 10: forward and the one that's able to bring people together.
Speaker 5: And it was the question of policing that was central
Speaker 5: to the political debate around that particular protest. Is there
Speaker 5: a sense that authorities have moved on from that response? Now,
Speaker 5: how are they approaching this issue given the rise and
Speaker 5: incidances that you've told us about.
Speaker 9: You exactly right, politicians, some call for these marches to
Speaker 9: be banned. At the end of the day, the met
Speaker 9: police they have you know, plans in place to keep
Speaker 9: people safe and all that, and when you talk to
Speaker 9: the different community groups, whether it is you know, Miriam
Speaker 9: who you just had the clip there, or to different
Speaker 9: people in the Muslim community.
Speaker 4: They do.
Speaker 9: You see that they are working constantly with the police
Speaker 9: to make sure the people are safe on public transport
Speaker 9: and these marches, and most of the time it works
Speaker 9: very well. You know, that has been quite a positive message.
Speaker 9: And Sidi Khan, who's a mayor of London, he's also
Speaker 9: really put an emphasis on this kind of bringing communities together.
Speaker 9: You know, at the remembrant service for this that was
Speaker 9: just before this march, he had a multi faith element
Speaker 9: where he had people from different communities giving prayers and
Speaker 9: he really really tries to get people to work together
Speaker 9: on this issue and really not talk about the divisive
Speaker 9: topics but more bring people together.
Speaker 5: Let's take a listen to some of that interview with Citi.
Speaker 11: Can you know these things have happened in the past.
Speaker 11: This is the worst I've known it. I used to
Speaker 11: be a communities minister in two thousand and nine when
Speaker 11: Israel was involved in a military altercation with Gaza. I
Speaker 11: think to Selle's really serving to the middle of January
Speaker 11: and I remember then as a community of minister the
Speaker 11: impact of communities across the country. But this is worse
Speaker 11: than that.
Speaker 5: That was the Mayor of London City can there aim
Speaker 5: And I wonder when we look at the response from authorities,
Speaker 5: from the likes of Citi can as well. Does this
Speaker 5: give the communities in London a sense of safety in
Speaker 5: somewhere where we have seen the rise and incense like these.
Speaker 9: I mean, right now, safety is not worth that most
Speaker 9: people talk about. I mean people do feel unsafe, you know,
Speaker 9: at the moment. I think a lot of people say
Speaker 9: that as this war goes on, if this will continuees
Speaker 9: for however long these tensions will continue. There is a
Speaker 9: realization that London is a good place for different communities
Speaker 9: and eventually things will get better. But right now people
Speaker 9: do not feel safe.
Speaker 5: But let's go back to Paris and our reporter Jenny Chay.
Speaker 5: We talked earlier about the French government's attempt to ban
Speaker 5: some of these demonstrations and the subsequent legal cases that
Speaker 5: came around. Is there a sense the French government has
Speaker 5: come with a coherent response to this problem.
Speaker 7: I'm not sure they have. I spoke to Abdella Zecre,
Speaker 7: president of the French Council of the Muslim Bates Observatory,
Speaker 7: on Islamophobia, and you told me that it would have
Speaker 7: been better to have a march for peace, because when
Speaker 7: you have government officials, of course, joining a march against antisemitism,
Speaker 7: it can leave the impression that the government is mainly
Speaker 7: supporting Israel, and some people in the Muslim community might
Speaker 7: feel alienated. At the same time, the government has also
Speaker 7: not really been able to provide coherent data on the exacts.
Speaker 7: I mean, they're obviously speaking a lot about the rise
Speaker 7: of anti Semitic acts since the war, but the fact
Speaker 7: that they haven't given comparative data for acts against Muslims
Speaker 7: over the same period it raises questions about the kind
Speaker 7: of data that is being compiled and whether it's being
Speaker 7: compiled in a way that makes it easy to analyze
Speaker 7: so that the country can track these racists and discriminatory
Speaker 7: acts during times of conflict, but also during normal times.
Speaker 5: Katia Poisikanski in New York, you talked to through the
Speaker 5: debates that are happening in universities, the demonstrations that are
Speaker 5: happening in the streets of New York City are communities
Speaker 5: both Jewish and Muslim, feeling comforted by the actions taken
Speaker 5: by authorities.
Speaker 4: In terms of school authorities. No, I think everyone is
Speaker 4: displeased on both sides. The Department of Education has now
Speaker 4: opened seven investigations into schools in the United States. Three
Speaker 4: of those schools are in New York for discrimination, so
Speaker 4: the pressure is on for them to kind of get
Speaker 4: the situation under control, but both sides are disappointed. For example,
Speaker 4: in Columbia University, they suspended temporarily two of the pro
Speaker 4: Palestinian student groups for repeated violations when it comes to
Speaker 4: their demonstrations, including one that proceeded against the rules that
Speaker 4: included intimidation. But by shutting down those groups, they've now
Speaker 4: spurred all sorts of accusations of shutting down free speech,
Speaker 4: chilling criticism of Israel, and faculty and students have written
Speaker 4: in protest against the school for doing that. From the
Speaker 4: Jewish community, they want to see more action taking place.
Speaker 4: They want to see quicker responses to acts of anti Semitism.
Speaker 4: A few students at Columbia University gave press conference a
Speaker 4: few weeks ago about anti Semitism that they've faced at
Speaker 4: the school and how there has been an unsatisfying response
Speaker 4: from administrators to investigate those accusations.
Speaker 12: My Jewish sisters and brothers and I are on the
Speaker 12: receiving end of death threats from our peers. Undergraduates who
Speaker 12: have filed reports about these intents have been left with
Speaker 12: no emotional support, no feedback, and no consequences for the
Speaker 12: perpetrators of these hateful actions. As a result of this
Speaker 12: in action, there are Jewish students who do not feel
Speaker 12: physically safe on campus.
Speaker 4: At Cooper Union, several students came out and said they
Speaker 4: felt completely unsupported by the school. When there was a
Speaker 4: protest that got intimidating and there was some students that
Speaker 4: entered a library. There were some Jewish, visibly Jewish students
Speaker 4: in the library behind a glass wall and the protesters
Speaker 4: were banging on the wall. That was a very intimidating
Speaker 4: moment for those students. So there was a lot of
Speaker 4: scrutiny on that event, like what happened? Did the school
Speaker 4: not have control over that protest? So there's an investigation
Speaker 4: there too, So that is something that administrators are currently
Speaker 4: grappling with. There's also been a tremendous scrutiny from alums, donors,
Speaker 4: and employers. We reported about a list of dozens and
Speaker 4: dozens of law firms that wrote to the top law
Speaker 4: schools in the country, saying you have to do more
Speaker 4: to protect against anti Semitism on your campuses with kind
Speaker 4: of you know, a veiled threat there. If you don't know,
Speaker 4: we're going to be thinking twice about hiring from your schools.
Speaker 5: Indicative of some of the high profile attentions that's being
Speaker 5: paid to this issue in New York Michael Cohen and
Speaker 5: Cape Town. Is there a sense that that same attention
Speaker 5: is being paid to this issue where you are.
Speaker 8: I think there have been recent attempts by the government
Speaker 8: to kind of cool things down, But we had a
Speaker 8: prison sam up of the writer a weekly letter to
Speaker 8: the nation in which you was saying there's no place
Speaker 8: for violence or threats or threats of violence against those
Speaker 8: who hold country reviews, that South Africa's painful history must
Speaker 8: be a reminder about the cost of a divided society.
Speaker 8: And there have been meetings between Jewish organizations and the government,
Speaker 8: but at the same time, the government's actions are clearly
Speaker 8: reiterating its extremely pro Palestinian and anti Israel stant I
Speaker 8: don't think while the Judicia organizations that said they appreciate
Speaker 8: that the meetings with the government and so on, and
Speaker 8: don't they through the authorities are taking any kind of
Speaker 8: steps to defuse the situation in a way, and they're
Speaker 8: still really unhappy at the stunts of the government to take.
Speaker 5: Okay, I want to come back here to London and
Speaker 5: bring you one more clip of another interview. This is
Speaker 5: with imman Ata, who's the director of tel Mamma, which
Speaker 5: is the national Anti Muslim Hater, Islamophobia Monitoring and support service.
Speaker 6: Listen, as long as the conflict is right, Palestini is going,
Speaker 6: I don't think things will stop here, although it's thousands
Speaker 6: of miles away from us, by impacting our communities here heavily.
Speaker 6: Unless that conflict stops, that's when things maybe would start
Speaker 6: coming back to normal. And I wouldn't say it would
Speaker 6: come back to normal as you'll see everyone happy and
Speaker 6: everyone talking with each other. No, it will take a
Speaker 6: lot of time, and there are bridges that must probably
Speaker 6: have been broken through our bridges that are shaken. Certain
Speaker 6: ones almost probably can get back to reconnecting, but there's
Speaker 6: many bridges unfortunately got broken this time because people are
Speaker 6: just too angry, people that have got too many emotions going,
Speaker 6: People are grieving, people lost loved ones, and people just
Speaker 6: don't seem to see the humanity in each other.
Speaker 5: That's a Manuta of Tealmama speaking to Aim and fire
Speaker 5: house Aim and I wonder we've heard this from various interviews,
Speaker 5: there being a sense of breakdown among the community's. London
Speaker 5: prides itself on being this multicultural city that welcomes communities
Speaker 5: from all over. Is there a sense that the damage
Speaker 5: that has been done can be repaired.
Speaker 9: I think what happens in the Middle East is a huge,
Speaker 9: huge impact on what happens in London. Even though it's
Speaker 9: thousands of miles away, it still affects people here. There's
Speaker 9: just so much trauma. You know, as you said in
Speaker 9: that clip, you know, people have lost loved ones and
Speaker 9: people are very angry with you know, on both sides.
Speaker 9: The politician's rhetoric doesn't help either. You know, some people
Speaker 9: have been flaming things. Social media as well is a
Speaker 9: huge issue. I think, is this whole debate tell mom Actually,
Speaker 9: in their own data, they showed that more than half
Speaker 9: of hate crimes is online. I think the online community,
Speaker 9: the online space, is helping stick a lot of this hate,
Speaker 9: keep people angry, keep people in these echo chambers, and
Speaker 9: so right now it seems very very difficult until things
Speaker 9: get resolved in the Middle East.
Speaker 5: Bloomberg's aim in Farhat in London, Katti of Porzikanski in
Speaker 5: New York, Jenny Chay in Paris, and Michael Cohen in
Speaker 5: Cape Town. Thank you to you all. After we recorded
Speaker 5: this conversation, three college students of Palestinian descent were shot
Speaker 5: and seriously injured near the University of Vermont's campus in Burlington,
Speaker 5: or Police said they have no additional information to suggest
Speaker 5: a motive. They noted that two of the victims were
Speaker 5: wearing traditional Palestinian scarves known as cafeas at the time
Speaker 5: of the assault. I'm Stephen Carroll. Thank you for listening.
Speaker 5: This is Bloomberg.