WEBVTT - Rapunzel 0:00:07.565 --> 0:00:09.165 A school of humans. 0:00:13.045 --> 0:00:23.325 This episode discusses sensitive topics. Please listen with care. My 0:00:23.485 --> 0:00:27.925 name is Miranda Hawkins. Welcome to the Deep Dark Woods. 0:00:28.885 --> 0:00:33.125 Today's story is Atu three ten or Rapunzel. 0:00:41.405 --> 0:00:45.805 Rapunzel had splendid, long hair as fine as spun gold. 0:00:47.045 --> 0:00:50.365 When she heard the sorceress's voice, she untied her braids, 0:00:50.525 --> 0:00:53.565 wound them around a window hook, let her hair fall 0:00:53.645 --> 0:00:57.085 twenty yards to the ground, and the sorceress climbed up it. 0:00:59.485 --> 0:01:01.765 A few years later, it happened that a king's son 0:01:01.885 --> 0:01:05.085 was riding through the forest. As he approached the tower, 0:01:05.125 --> 0:01:08.365 he heard a psalm so beautiful that he stopped to listen. 0:01:10.765 --> 0:01:13.525 It was Rapunzel, who was passing the time by singing 0:01:13.565 --> 0:01:17.085 with her sweet voice. The prince wanted to climb up 0:01:17.085 --> 0:01:18.845 to her and looked for a door in the tower, 0:01:18.885 --> 0:01:22.605 but none was to be found. He rode home, but 0:01:22.685 --> 0:01:25.165 the song had so touched his heart that he returned 0:01:25.165 --> 0:01:29.285 to the forest every day and listened to it. One time, 0:01:29.405 --> 0:01:32.245 as he was thus standing behind a tree, he saw 0:01:32.285 --> 0:01:36.925 the sorceress approach and heard her say, Rapunzel, Rapunzel, let 0:01:37.005 --> 0:01:42.045 down your hair. Then Rapunzel let down her strands of 0:01:42.085 --> 0:01:46.005 hair and the sorceress climbed up them to her. If 0:01:46.005 --> 0:01:47.925 that is the latter to the tower, then sometime I 0:01:47.925 --> 0:01:51.565 will try my luck. And the next day, just as 0:01:51.605 --> 0:01:53.765 it was beginning to get dark, he went to the 0:01:53.845 --> 0:01:59.165 tower and called out, Rapunzel, Rapunzel, let down your hair. 0:02:00.845 --> 0:02:05.405 The hair fell down, and the prince climbed up. At first, 0:02:05.565 --> 0:02:08.245 Rapunzel was terribly frightened when a man such as she 0:02:08.285 --> 0:02:12.085 had never seen before came in to her. However, the 0:02:12.085 --> 0:02:15.125 prince began talking to her in a very friendly manner, 0:02:15.805 --> 0:02:18.125 telling her that his heart had been so touched by 0:02:18.205 --> 0:02:20.605 her singing that he could have no peace until he 0:02:20.645 --> 0:02:24.645 had seen her in person. Then Rapunzel lost her fear, 0:02:25.645 --> 0:02:27.325 and when he asked her if she would take him 0:02:27.325 --> 0:02:29.845 as her husband, she thought he would rather have me 0:02:29.965 --> 0:02:33.885 than old fraw gothel. She said yes and placed her 0:02:33.925 --> 0:02:38.645 hand into his. She said, I would go with you gladly, 0:02:38.845 --> 0:02:41.525 but I do not know how to get down. Every 0:02:41.565 --> 0:02:44.045 time that you come, bring a strand of silk from 0:02:44.125 --> 0:02:46.685 which I will weave a ladder. When it is finished, 0:02:46.725 --> 0:02:48.565 I will climb down and you can take me away 0:02:48.565 --> 0:02:52.245 on your horse. They arranged that he would come to 0:02:52.325 --> 0:02:54.965 her every evening for the old woman came by day. 0:02:56.485 --> 0:02:59.085 The sorceress did not notice what was happening until one 0:02:59.165 --> 0:03:02.805 day Rapunzel said to her, fraw gothel tell me why 0:03:02.885 --> 0:03:04.925 it is that you are more difficult to pull up 0:03:04.925 --> 0:03:06.845 than is the young young prince who will be arriving 0:03:06.965 --> 0:03:12.485 any moment. Now, you godless child, cried the sorceress, What 0:03:12.565 --> 0:03:15.525 am I hearing from you? I thought that I had 0:03:15.525 --> 0:03:18.325 removed you from the whole world, but you have deceived 0:03:18.405 --> 0:03:22.285 me none the less. In her anger, she grabbed Rapunzel's 0:03:22.285 --> 0:03:25.005 beautiful hair, wrapped it a few times around her left hand, 0:03:25.125 --> 0:03:27.285 grasped a pair of scissors with her right hand, and 0:03:27.405 --> 0:03:32.045 snip snap, cut it off. And she was so unmerciful 0:03:32.045 --> 0:03:35.645 that she took Rapunzel into a wilderness, where she suffered greatly. 0:03:38.005 --> 0:03:39.885 On the evening of the same day that she sent 0:03:40.005 --> 0:03:43.485 Rapunzel away, the sorceress tied the cut off hair to 0:03:43.525 --> 0:03:45.565 a hook at the top of the tower, and when 0:03:45.605 --> 0:03:49.605 the prince called out, Rapunzel, Rapunzel, let down your hair. 0:03:50.605 --> 0:03:55.325 She let down the hair. The prince climbed up, but above, 0:03:55.445 --> 0:03:58.725 instead of his beloved Rapunzel, he found the sorceress, who 0:03:58.765 --> 0:04:01.285 peered at him with poisonous and evil looks. 0:04:01.885 --> 0:04:03.765 Aha, she cried scornfully. 0:04:04.445 --> 0:04:06.365 You have come for your man, mistress. 0:04:06.005 --> 0:04:09.045 Darling, But that beautiful bird is no longer sitting in 0:04:09.085 --> 0:04:13.325 her nest, nor is she singing anymore. The cat got her, 0:04:13.365 --> 0:04:15.925 and I will scratch your eyes out, as will you 0:04:16.005 --> 0:04:17.085 have lost Rapunzel. 0:04:17.245 --> 0:04:18.205 You will never. 0:04:18.205 --> 0:04:23.605 See her again. The prince was overcome with grief, and 0:04:23.725 --> 0:04:28.845 in his despair, he threw himself from the tower. He 0:04:28.965 --> 0:04:31.565 escaped with his life, but the thorns into which he 0:04:31.645 --> 0:04:36.605 fell poked out his eyes. Blind he wandered about the forest, 0:04:36.685 --> 0:04:40.525 eating nothing but grass and roots, and doing nothing but 0:04:40.605 --> 0:04:46.725 weeping and wailing over the loss of his beloved wife. 0:04:46.925 --> 0:04:51.085 Thus he wandered about miserably for some years, finally happening 0:04:51.125 --> 0:04:54.405 into the wilderness where Rapunzel lived miserably with the twins 0:04:54.445 --> 0:04:58.725 that she had given birth to. He heard a voice 0:04:58.885 --> 0:05:02.765 and thought it was familiar. He advanced toward it, and 0:05:02.885 --> 0:05:06.645 as he approached, Rapunzel recognized him, and, crying, threw her 0:05:06.725 --> 0:05:10.445 arms around his neck. Two of her tears fell into 0:05:10.445 --> 0:05:13.885 his eyes, and they became clear once again, and he 0:05:13.885 --> 0:05:17.685 could see as well as before. He led her to 0:05:17.725 --> 0:05:20.565 his kingdom, where he was received with joy, and for 0:05:20.605 --> 0:05:23.845 a long time they lived happily and satisfied. 0:05:31.765 --> 0:05:35.685 As someone who has an incredibly sensitive head, I always 0:05:35.725 --> 0:05:39.645 cringed at the prince climbing Rapunzel's hair, and also what 0:05:39.765 --> 0:05:43.405 about footholds, I don't know. It never made sense to me. 0:05:45.005 --> 0:05:47.525 The story of Rapunzel could have been based on the 0:05:47.605 --> 0:05:51.725 Christian legend of Saint Barbara, whose story was first recorded 0:05:51.765 --> 0:05:56.685 by the Archbishop of Genoa, Jacobis Dave Virognay. It was 0:05:56.725 --> 0:06:00.245 published in the Legenda Aria between twelve sixty five and 0:06:00.285 --> 0:06:05.205 twelve sixty six. Saint Barbara was a third century martyr 0:06:05.525 --> 0:06:08.045 who lived in either what would now be present day 0:06:08.045 --> 0:06:13.765 Turkey or present day Lebanon. Dioscorus, who was her pagan father, 0:06:14.365 --> 0:06:16.645 locked her in a tower to hide her great beauty 0:06:16.685 --> 0:06:19.965 from the world. Still, many a prince called for her 0:06:20.005 --> 0:06:25.405 hand in marriage, but she refused them all. While Dioscorus 0:06:25.445 --> 0:06:28.485 was away on business, Saint Barbara had a third window 0:06:28.525 --> 0:06:31.685 installed in her tower in honor of the Blessed Trinity. 0:06:32.725 --> 0:06:35.445 The Blessed Trinity is part of the Christian faith that 0:06:35.565 --> 0:06:39.445 believes the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are all part 0:06:39.485 --> 0:06:44.245 of God. When Dioscorus returned, Saint Barbara showed him the 0:06:44.285 --> 0:06:49.285 window and confessed her Christian faith to him. Naturally, he 0:06:49.405 --> 0:06:52.325 was angry and drew his sword to kill his daughter, 0:06:52.845 --> 0:06:56.245 but Saint Barbara swiftly prayed to God, who opened a 0:06:56.325 --> 0:07:01.045 hole in the tower for her to escape. Unfortunately, it 0:07:01.205 --> 0:07:05.365 wasn't long until she was captured and tortured before being beheaded. 0:07:07.165 --> 0:07:10.045 It's said not long after that a bolt of lightning 0:07:10.245 --> 0:07:17.765 killed her father. Because of this, Saint Barbara became the 0:07:17.805 --> 0:07:21.885 patron Saint of explosives and lightning, and therefore artillery men 0:07:21.925 --> 0:07:26.565 and miners because they use explosives. As a side note, 0:07:26.605 --> 0:07:30.765 in twenty ten, thirty three Chilean miners were trapped underground 0:07:30.845 --> 0:07:37.405 for two months. Upon the rescue, many thinked Saint Barbara. 0:07:37.645 --> 0:07:41.005 There are many stories of maidens and towers, but the 0:07:41.005 --> 0:07:43.725 first time we hear of a maiden with long hair 0:07:44.245 --> 0:07:48.845 is in an epic poem titled the Channamee. The story 0:07:48.925 --> 0:07:53.325 recounts the history of pre Islamic Persia or Greater Iran 0:07:54.285 --> 0:07:57.925 author and poet A Bulkassam for Dosi started this poem 0:07:58.005 --> 0:08:02.005 in nine seventy seven and finished thirty three years later. 0:08:02.245 --> 0:08:05.485 In ten ten. He wrote the poem at a time 0:08:05.525 --> 0:08:09.525 himwen Persia, which is now modern Iran, was forming and 0:08:09.605 --> 0:08:13.725 the standard for its language was being set. Unlike other 0:08:13.805 --> 0:08:18.485 maiden in Tower stories, the maiden in Shaannamee, Rudiba, isn't trapped. 0:08:18.805 --> 0:08:22.325 She goes there to wait for her lovers all In 0:08:22.365 --> 0:08:26.245 the most famous scene, Rudiba lets down her long hair 0:08:26.445 --> 0:08:29.485 and tells him to climate, but Zal says no and 0:08:29.645 --> 0:08:33.725 uses a rope instead. But apart from a Filipino version, 0:08:34.165 --> 0:08:37.645 all stories of maidens in the Tower have long flowing hair. 0:08:38.885 --> 0:08:41.845 But how did we get from the Shanamee to Rapunzel, 0:08:43.005 --> 0:09:03.485 It actually started with Parsley. In sixteen thirty four, Italian 0:09:03.565 --> 0:09:09.245 author John Batista Bazilee published Petro Snela, which translates to 0:09:09.325 --> 0:09:14.125 Little Parsley. Very few people saw this story because the 0:09:14.245 --> 0:09:19.005 language it was written in was obscure. A pregnant woman 0:09:19.325 --> 0:09:24.365 named Pascadosia was living beside an ogres. One day, she 0:09:24.405 --> 0:09:27.245 looks out her window and sees the ogress has a 0:09:27.325 --> 0:09:31.805 beautiful bed of parsley in her garden. The woman, unable 0:09:31.885 --> 0:09:35.685 to contain herself, waits for the ogress to leave before 0:09:35.765 --> 0:09:38.405 going to the garden to take a handful of the herb. 0:09:39.165 --> 0:09:41.965 The ogress comes home to cook her meal and sees 0:09:42.165 --> 0:09:47.125 some of her parsley has been stolen. Angered she swears vengeance. 0:09:47.885 --> 0:09:52.485 Even so, Pascadosia continues to steal parsley from the ogress. 0:09:53.725 --> 0:09:58.125 One day, the ogress catches Pascadosia and the woman pleads 0:09:58.245 --> 0:10:02.005 for her in her unborn baby's life. The ogress says 0:10:02.245 --> 0:10:05.405 she'll spare the woman in exchange for the unborn cho 0:10:06.445 --> 0:10:12.325 Pascadosia agrees. Later, she gives birth to the most beautiful 0:10:12.325 --> 0:10:17.645 little girl named Petro Sonella. When the girl turns seven, 0:10:17.885 --> 0:10:21.285 she is sent to school. Every day she passes by 0:10:21.325 --> 0:10:24.925 the ogress, and every day the ogress tells the girl 0:10:25.165 --> 0:10:30.085 to remind her mother of her promise. Finally, Pascadozia is 0:10:30.205 --> 0:10:33.885 so irritated she tells her daughter that the next time 0:10:33.965 --> 0:10:37.245 the ogress reminds Petro Snella of her mother's promise, to 0:10:37.365 --> 0:10:41.285 say take it. When the young girl does as she 0:10:41.405 --> 0:10:44.645 is told, the ogress grabs her by her hair and 0:10:44.845 --> 0:10:47.365 drags her to the woods and locks her in a tower. 0:10:49.605 --> 0:10:52.685 There is no door or ladder. The only way to 0:10:52.725 --> 0:10:55.325 get in and out is to climb Petro Sonella's hair. 0:10:56.885 --> 0:11:00.685 Petro Sonella grows into a beautiful young woman with two 0:11:00.925 --> 0:11:05.445 gleaming braids of golden hair. One day after the ogre 0:11:05.845 --> 0:11:09.645 is away, a prince comes across her and instantly falls 0:11:09.685 --> 0:11:12.925 in love. She agrees to let him climb her hair 0:11:13.085 --> 0:11:17.325 into the tower. After that first encounter, there are many 0:11:17.405 --> 0:11:20.965 days of getting to know each other. As Basillie writes, 0:11:21.325 --> 0:11:24.845 Petra Snella and the prince becomes so intimate that they 0:11:24.965 --> 0:11:30.165 made an appointment to meet. That night, Petra Snella doses 0:11:30.285 --> 0:11:34.085 the ogress with poppy juice so that she would not wake, 0:11:34.525 --> 0:11:37.445 and then pulls the prince into the tower with her hair, 0:11:37.725 --> 0:11:42.645 where he stays for the night. The next morning, Petrasonella 0:11:42.725 --> 0:11:47.045 lets him back down. This happens so much a local 0:11:47.085 --> 0:11:51.845 gossip finds out and tells the ogress. The ogress then 0:11:51.925 --> 0:11:55.285 puts a spell on Petrasnella so that she has to 0:11:55.365 --> 0:11:58.445 have three acorns or she won't find her way out. 0:11:58.325 --> 0:11:58.925 Of the woods. 0:11:59.965 --> 0:12:03.445 But Petra Snella overhears the ogress talking to the gossip 0:12:03.525 --> 0:12:08.165 about the spell. Night, she has the prince find the acorns. 0:12:09.045 --> 0:12:11.685 The two had been working on a rope ladder that 0:12:11.725 --> 0:12:14.205 they used to climb down the tower. Before they head 0:12:14.205 --> 0:12:18.205 for the city, the gossip sees Petra Snella and the 0:12:18.245 --> 0:12:23.245 Prince and yells so loudly it wakes the Ogres. The 0:12:23.285 --> 0:12:28.045 woman and ogress then begins chasing the couple. Petra Snella 0:12:28.285 --> 0:12:31.165 throws an acorn at them, and when it breaks open, 0:12:31.445 --> 0:12:36.205 a ferocious dog springs forth and swallows the gossip, But 0:12:36.245 --> 0:12:38.885 the Ogress pulls out some bread to give to the 0:12:38.925 --> 0:12:43.885 dog and continues to pursue the lovers. Then Petra Snella 0:12:44.045 --> 0:12:48.765 throws the second acorn and a lion jumps out. The 0:12:48.885 --> 0:12:51.885 Ogress quickly finds a donkey in the middle of a meadow, 0:12:52.365 --> 0:12:55.165 strips it of its skin, and then puts it on 0:12:55.525 --> 0:13:01.445 and attacks the lion. The lion, thinking it's a real donkey, 0:13:01.685 --> 0:13:07.005 runs away. Petra Snella throws the third and final acorn. 0:13:07.325 --> 0:13:10.405 The Ogris, who is worried the lion might come back, 0:13:10.685 --> 0:13:14.285 is still wearing the donkey's skin, so when a wolf 0:13:14.445 --> 0:13:21.685 jumps out, it devours her whole. The lovers are safe. 0:13:22.205 --> 0:13:25.445 They return to the Prince's kingdom, where the king gives 0:13:25.525 --> 0:13:31.525 the too his blessing. Petra Snella and the Prince Mary. 0:13:31.725 --> 0:13:34.285 The moral Basilier writes at the end of this story 0:13:34.485 --> 0:13:38.005 is when hour in port, the sailor, freed from fears, 0:13:38.245 --> 0:13:43.285 forgets the tempests of one hundred years. Basically, basili is 0:13:43.285 --> 0:13:47.445 saying that Petrasonnella's happily ever after can help her forget 0:13:47.605 --> 0:13:52.565 the awfulness she dealt with before. In most Rapunzel stories, 0:13:52.685 --> 0:13:56.605 the pregnant woman craves Parsley or Rapunzel, or some kind 0:13:56.645 --> 0:14:00.725 of vegetable or fruit. In the seventeenth century, when Basilier 0:14:00.845 --> 0:14:04.205 was writing, folk wisdom held the denying a pregnant woman 0:14:04.285 --> 0:14:08.685 her cravings would calls a miscarriage, stillbirth, or bad luck 0:14:08.725 --> 0:14:12.285 for the baby. That's why family members would go to 0:14:12.485 --> 0:14:16.645 great links to satisfy those cravings, and why in these 0:14:16.725 --> 0:14:22.925 particular tales, couples made these really intense deals. We now 0:14:22.965 --> 0:14:27.005 know that pregnancy cravings indicated that a woman probably wasn't 0:14:27.005 --> 0:14:31.085 getting the vitamins and minerals she needed, especially in the 0:14:31.165 --> 0:14:37.125 lower farming classes, which highlights the story's humble beginnings. But 0:14:37.205 --> 0:14:40.325 there were a lot of takes on Parsley. In nineteenth 0:14:40.365 --> 0:14:44.205 century Britain. Many believed that of too much parsley grut 0:14:44.205 --> 0:14:48.165 in one's garden, a family would have only girls. Common 0:14:48.245 --> 0:14:51.485 British law also held that if a woman of childbearing 0:14:51.525 --> 0:14:55.285 age planted parsley, she would become pregnant before it began 0:14:55.365 --> 0:14:59.725 to grow. There are a lot of ideas about parsley, 0:15:00.005 --> 0:15:05.365 but here are a couple I've found really interesting. Parsley 0:15:05.485 --> 0:15:09.125 it flourishes only when planted by a witch. One should 0:15:09.165 --> 0:15:12.565 never transplant or give away parsley as a gift, lest 0:15:12.685 --> 0:15:17.405 the recipient become ill or have bad luck. Stories abound 0:15:17.525 --> 0:15:20.885 in rule England that children who ask about the origin 0:15:20.925 --> 0:15:24.325 of babies are told babies are dug up from parsi 0:15:24.325 --> 0:15:29.605 beds using golden shovels, and an old English saying goes 0:15:30.125 --> 0:15:32.805 Parsley grows for the wicked, but not for the just. 0:15:34.205 --> 0:15:37.445 It's important to note that evil was often used to 0:15:37.485 --> 0:15:41.325 condemn a witch, midwife, or medicine woman because it was 0:15:41.365 --> 0:15:44.445 suspicious they knew how to use plants to save a 0:15:44.485 --> 0:15:50.125 woman's life if there were complications during pregnancy. After Bazille 0:15:50.165 --> 0:15:54.605 published his version of Rapunzel, French author Charlotte Rose de 0:15:54.725 --> 0:15:59.085 Commande de la Force published Percinet in sixteen ninety seven. 0:16:00.445 --> 0:16:03.445 This was during the time when women in French salon 0:16:03.525 --> 0:16:08.085 culture were writing fairy tales. In fact, many Rapunzel like 0:16:08.125 --> 0:16:12.525 stories came from France because tower prisons were popular devices 0:16:12.565 --> 0:16:17.725 of the French salon authors. Folklore's doctor Claudia Schwabe is 0:16:17.725 --> 0:16:21.645 a professor of German at Utah State University. She explained 0:16:21.685 --> 0:16:24.925 why seventeenth century women wrote these stories. 0:16:26.885 --> 0:16:29.885 Most of these were told by women from the French 0:16:30.005 --> 0:16:36.125 salon culture, so these were told by women for women, 0:16:36.885 --> 0:16:40.005 and a lot of these tales were sort of meant 0:16:40.205 --> 0:16:44.925 to give women an idea about marriage and what kind 0:16:44.965 --> 0:16:48.245 of challenges to expect when you get married, and then 0:16:48.405 --> 0:16:52.205 also to give them an idea of independence and how 0:16:52.245 --> 0:16:53.125 that could look like. 0:16:54.365 --> 0:16:57.725 But unlike the brothers Grim who claimed their stories came 0:16:57.765 --> 0:17:02.485 from everyday people, these authors wanted to distance themselves from 0:17:02.565 --> 0:17:06.405 the folk. To drive home that point, De la Force 0:17:06.565 --> 0:17:10.725 even claimed that the idea for Percinet was entirely her 0:17:10.845 --> 0:17:15.525 own creation. Percinet is different, and that it is almost 0:17:15.565 --> 0:17:19.005 four times longer than the brother's Grim version and includes 0:17:19.165 --> 0:17:23.605 many additions to the plot. In her version, a young 0:17:23.685 --> 0:17:26.885 couple is preparing for their first child when the woman 0:17:26.965 --> 0:17:31.165 starts craving parsley, she sees some in the garden next door. 0:17:31.845 --> 0:17:34.525 The two know the garden is owned by a fairy, 0:17:34.685 --> 0:17:38.925 but the husband sneaks in Parsley anyway. The second time 0:17:38.965 --> 0:17:41.965 the husband sneaks into the garden, he is caught by 0:17:42.005 --> 0:17:45.765 the fairy. She promises to let him go and exchange 0:17:45.845 --> 0:17:49.525 for the unborn child. After the girl is born, the 0:17:49.565 --> 0:17:53.685 wife willingly gives the girl to the fairy. The fairy 0:17:53.805 --> 0:17:57.685 raises the girl Personette. When she has grown, the fairy 0:17:57.725 --> 0:18:01.645 locks her in a silver tower. It's beautiful, except it 0:18:01.685 --> 0:18:05.445 has no doors. The fairy must call Percinet and climb 0:18:05.605 --> 0:18:09.525 up her hair to get in. Personette is given all 0:18:09.565 --> 0:18:14.045 the luxuries in this version. Her tower has grand rooms 0:18:14.285 --> 0:18:17.925 filled with all the natural daylight. As a baby, her 0:18:17.925 --> 0:18:21.605 sheets are made of gold, She has drawers full of jewels, 0:18:22.245 --> 0:18:25.325 and her wardrobe was as magnificent as that of the 0:18:25.405 --> 0:18:30.285 Queen of Asia. She has delicious food, reads pains, and 0:18:30.325 --> 0:18:34.205 plays music. She is raised as a well educated woman. 0:18:35.485 --> 0:18:38.205 This mirrors the fact that when da la Force wrote this, 0:18:38.485 --> 0:18:42.645 French culture was all about having the best and newest luxuries. 0:18:43.245 --> 0:18:48.045 It was all about opulence and indulgence. Years go by 0:18:48.325 --> 0:18:51.965 until one day a prince here's a maiden singing. He 0:18:52.005 --> 0:18:56.045 follows the voice until he finds Percinet. He calls to her, 0:18:56.125 --> 0:18:59.925 but she is terrified and doesn't respond. The fairy has 0:18:59.965 --> 0:19:03.085 taught her men are monsters who can kill with a 0:19:03.165 --> 0:19:07.485 single look. The prince learns from a nearby village that 0:19:07.605 --> 0:19:11.485 Perconet is the fairy's prisoner, so he goes back and 0:19:11.565 --> 0:19:14.885 hides and waits for the fairy. He then sees how 0:19:14.925 --> 0:19:17.645 the fairy calls to Perconet to get into the tower. 0:19:18.965 --> 0:19:22.365 The next day, the prince returns and mimics the fairy 0:19:23.045 --> 0:19:27.165 when he reaches the top. Perconete is again terrified, but 0:19:27.245 --> 0:19:31.485 the prince convinces her of his love. He immediately proposes 0:19:31.485 --> 0:19:34.525 to her, and then the two have sex. Or, as 0:19:34.525 --> 0:19:39.245 Mademoiselle de la Force puts it, Percinette consented without hardly 0:19:39.325 --> 0:19:42.605 knowing what she was doing, Even so she was able 0:19:42.645 --> 0:19:47.365 to complete the ceremony. The prince continues to visit, but 0:19:47.405 --> 0:19:52.325 Percinette's belly begins to swell. Not understanding she is pregnant, 0:19:52.645 --> 0:19:55.725 she asks the fairy why her clothes have gotten tighter. 0:19:56.685 --> 0:20:01.285 The fairy realizes what's happened and is furious. She cuts 0:20:01.365 --> 0:20:04.925 off Personette's braids and uses magic to send her to 0:20:05.005 --> 0:20:10.125 a remote place, where Percinet gives birth to twins. When 0:20:10.165 --> 0:20:13.325 the prince shows up, the fairy tricks him into climbing 0:20:13.405 --> 0:20:16.245 up and then flings him from the tower, where he 0:20:16.365 --> 0:20:24.525 is blinded by briar thorns. The prince searches for Percinet 0:20:24.725 --> 0:20:28.925 for years. When he finds her, Percinet cries tears of 0:20:29.005 --> 0:20:32.805 joy at the reunion, Her tears fall into his eyes 0:20:33.005 --> 0:20:36.405 and heal his sight. But the Fairy is still angry, 0:20:37.085 --> 0:20:40.845 so she makes their life a living hell. The family 0:20:40.885 --> 0:20:44.285 prepares to die, but the lovers continue to stay happy 0:20:44.325 --> 0:20:48.485 at finally finding each other again. It is this happiness 0:20:48.685 --> 0:20:53.965 that finally melts the Fairy's heart. She forgives them, blesses them, 0:20:54.285 --> 0:20:56.805 and then returns them to the castle, where the king 0:20:56.845 --> 0:21:01.525 and Queen receive them with open arms. In these stories, 0:21:01.725 --> 0:21:04.445 although Reponsel has little say in her fate due to 0:21:04.485 --> 0:21:08.485 her parents' choices, she is not a passive maiden. She 0:21:08.605 --> 0:21:13.525 is rebellious and strong willed. In Bezillai's version, she's even cunning. 0:21:14.245 --> 0:21:18.125 Rapunzel doesn't lack agency, and in the end takes control 0:21:18.205 --> 0:21:21.045 of her own fate, but she doesn't stay that way 0:21:21.085 --> 0:21:26.525 for long. Parsley became Rapunzel in seventeen ninety when Frederick 0:21:26.605 --> 0:21:30.525 Schultz created his own tail, which was basically a German 0:21:30.605 --> 0:21:34.605 translation of Percinet. That is, where the Brother's Grim pick 0:21:34.645 --> 0:21:38.925 it up. Like its predecessors, the Brother's Grim version begins 0:21:38.965 --> 0:21:42.885 pretty much the same way. A couple desperately wants a child, 0:21:42.965 --> 0:21:46.765 but to no avail. Every day, the woman looks into 0:21:46.805 --> 0:21:50.005 the garden next door and sees the most beautiful flowers 0:21:50.005 --> 0:21:53.205 and herbs. The garden is surrounded by a high wall, 0:21:53.445 --> 0:21:56.925 and no one dares enter because everyone knows a garden 0:21:57.085 --> 0:22:00.925 is owned by a sorceress. One day, the woman is 0:22:00.965 --> 0:22:03.965 staring at the rapunzel plant, which is also known as rampion, 0:22:04.245 --> 0:22:08.125 and begins craving sound. She would have no peace until 0:22:08.125 --> 0:22:12.885 her craving could be satisfied, so her husband sneaks into 0:22:12.885 --> 0:22:16.445 the garden and steals them for his wife. She makes 0:22:16.445 --> 0:22:20.005 a salad and is content, that is until the next day, 0:22:20.125 --> 0:22:24.565 when her craving returns threefold. The husband waits until it's 0:22:24.645 --> 0:22:28.005 dark before once again climbing over the wall, but this 0:22:28.165 --> 0:22:33.245 time the sorceress is waiting for him, taking pity on him. 0:22:33.525 --> 0:22:37.365 Mother Gothel, who is the sorceress, says he can take 0:22:37.405 --> 0:22:40.085 as much a Punzel as he wants in exchange for 0:22:40.165 --> 0:22:44.965 his firstborn. The man agrees. When the woman gives birth, 0:22:45.205 --> 0:22:49.285 the sorceress appears, names the child Rapunzel, and then takes 0:22:49.325 --> 0:22:54.445 her away. Rapunzel becomes the most beautiful child under the sun. 0:22:55.045 --> 0:22:58.365 When Rapunzel turns twelve years old, the sorceress locks her 0:22:58.365 --> 0:23:01.085 in a tower with only a window to get anyone 0:23:01.165 --> 0:23:04.245 in or out. And here is where we come full 0:23:04.285 --> 0:23:06.965 circle to the brother's Grim excerpt you heard at the 0:23:07.005 --> 0:23:13.445 beginning of the episode. Doctor Schwabe says the biggest difference 0:23:13.485 --> 0:23:16.325 in the Grim version and the previous versions is the 0:23:16.365 --> 0:23:22.645 explicit mention of premarital sex. The Grims eventually removed that completely. 0:23:23.885 --> 0:23:27.405 Previously, there was a reference of a Punzel saying to 0:23:27.725 --> 0:23:32.125 mother Gothel, how come my dress is getting so tight 0:23:32.205 --> 0:23:36.845 around my waistline, And this was implying that she is 0:23:36.925 --> 0:23:40.085 already pregnant. So the prince and to her they had sex, 0:23:40.365 --> 0:23:43.205 and that was just too much for the Grims, so 0:23:43.365 --> 0:23:46.885 they just eliminated this reference and swapped it out with 0:23:47.085 --> 0:23:50.485 the slip of tongue. 0:23:50.485 --> 0:23:53.685 In the original eighteen twelve story, the Grims or Punzel 0:23:53.765 --> 0:23:56.525 was like earlier tales, and that the maiden gets pregnant 0:23:56.685 --> 0:24:00.245 and gives birth to twins. But the Grims were conservative, 0:24:00.925 --> 0:24:04.045 and when they realized their stories were popular with children, 0:24:04.485 --> 0:24:09.285 they did some strategic censoring. By their eighteen fifty seven 0:24:09.445 --> 0:24:13.325 edition of Collected Tales, the pregnancy and twins had been 0:24:13.365 --> 0:24:17.245 removed entirely. That's a version you heard in this episode. 0:24:18.285 --> 0:24:21.605 In removing the pregnancy and birth, the Grims made their 0:24:21.685 --> 0:24:26.245 Rapunzel more passive. It ennuls the story of a woman 0:24:26.285 --> 0:24:29.565 giving birth alone in the wild, which, if you ask 0:24:29.685 --> 0:24:33.285 anyone who has given birth, is not an easy feat. 0:24:33.925 --> 0:24:37.885 So throughout two hundred years, Rapunzel's character changed from a 0:24:37.925 --> 0:24:42.245 spunky heroine who has sex, rescues herself from prison, and 0:24:42.365 --> 0:24:47.605 gives birth solo to a naive, innocent But Rapunzel wouldn't 0:24:47.605 --> 0:25:04.245 stay a meek woman for long. Walt Disney released its 0:25:04.285 --> 0:25:08.605 own adaptation of Rapunzel in twenty ten. The feature length 0:25:08.645 --> 0:25:13.725 cartoon is titled Tangled, and it involves a princess, sorceress, thief, 0:25:13.885 --> 0:25:18.365 and cute little chameleon. In this story, a thief named 0:25:18.405 --> 0:25:21.805 Flynn Writer happens upon Rapunzel while he's trying to avoid 0:25:21.885 --> 0:25:27.325 the King's guards. Unlike other stories, Rapunzel is already a princess, 0:25:27.845 --> 0:25:31.165 she just doesn't know it. And once a year, the 0:25:31.285 --> 0:25:34.405 whole kingdom releases sky lanterns with lights in them and 0:25:34.565 --> 0:25:38.085 hopes the princess will find her way back home. The 0:25:38.165 --> 0:25:42.045 kingdom doesn't know that the sorceress Mother Goffel, had stolen 0:25:42.125 --> 0:25:45.805 Rapunzel from her crib. The story is similar to De 0:25:45.925 --> 0:25:49.485 la Forces and that Rapunzel is given luxuries, and one 0:25:49.565 --> 0:25:53.965 such luxury is paints. She sees the sky lanterns every 0:25:54.045 --> 0:25:56.885 year and has painted them on her wall, and she's 0:25:56.925 --> 0:26:00.765 smart enough to recognize the sky lanterns align with her birthday. 0:26:01.765 --> 0:26:04.685 Rapunzel begs Mother Gofel to let her go see the 0:26:04.685 --> 0:26:07.845 sky lanterns, but Mother Gothel talks her out of it. 0:26:09.565 --> 0:26:13.365 The sorceress scares her and convinces Rapunzel she needs to 0:26:13.405 --> 0:26:18.085 stay isolated and protected. Giving in to Mother Gothel's argument, 0:26:18.285 --> 0:26:23.685 Rapundle agrees, that is until Flynn Writer shows up. Doctor 0:26:23.725 --> 0:26:27.525 Schwabe says, in this version, Disney made the characters more relatable. 0:26:28.445 --> 0:26:31.525 For example, when Flynn Rider first climbs into the tower, 0:26:31.725 --> 0:26:33.765 Rapunzel clabors him with the frying pan. 0:26:35.645 --> 0:26:39.845 I think modern readers and viewers they really want an 0:26:39.965 --> 0:26:43.805 active heroine these days who can be a match for 0:26:43.885 --> 0:26:48.765 any fairy or witch. What I personally like how feisty 0:26:48.885 --> 0:26:52.245 she is and how she takes the pan and whips 0:26:52.245 --> 0:26:55.925 the pan over Flynn Ryder. Yeah, so she takes the 0:26:56.005 --> 0:26:58.845 pan and she smacks him with it. Even though she's 0:26:58.925 --> 0:27:02.325 sort of trapped in this tower and seems helpless, she 0:27:02.485 --> 0:27:06.885 actually can stand up for herself. She's not afraid of 0:27:06.965 --> 0:27:10.845 the robbers. Den Flynn writer tries to scare her by 0:27:10.925 --> 0:27:14.005 taking her to this in filled with thieves and robbers, 0:27:14.005 --> 0:27:17.045 but she's not scared at all. And she uses her 0:27:17.125 --> 0:27:20.645 hair as a weapon. How cool is that. I mean 0:27:20.725 --> 0:27:24.765 she can use it, you know, to strike out, and 0:27:24.165 --> 0:27:29.445 she stared these karate moves and she's very independent and 0:27:29.765 --> 0:27:31.805 self confident that way. 0:27:32.645 --> 0:27:35.925 In the previous stories, Rapunzel is a maiden who comes 0:27:35.965 --> 0:27:39.405 from a humble background. She becomes a princess when the 0:27:39.525 --> 0:27:43.325 Prince finds her and the two Mary, But in Disney's Tangled, 0:27:43.565 --> 0:27:47.445 the roles have been reversed. Rapunzel is a princess and 0:27:47.485 --> 0:27:51.285 Flynn Wrider is a lily thief, so it's his status 0:27:51.325 --> 0:27:55.565