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Speaker 1: Hey, everyone, we want to announce that we have our

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Speaker 1: final three shows of the year on the books August

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Speaker 1: twelfth in Orlando, Florida, September sixth in Nashville, Tennessee, and

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Speaker 1: winding it up right here in Atlanta September ninth.

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Speaker 2: They're going to be great, just great, great, great great.

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Speaker 2: So if you want to come see the Stuff you

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Speaker 2: Should Know greatness, the last of it for the year,

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Speaker 2: you can by going to stuff youshould Know dot com

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Speaker 2: and checking out our tour page or going to link

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Speaker 2: tree slash sysk. Either way you'll get links to tickets

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Speaker 2: and all the info you need. We'll see you starting

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Speaker 2: in August.

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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you Should Know, a production of iHeartRadio.

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Speaker 2: Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh, and there's

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Speaker 2: Chuck and Jerry's here too, and this is Stuff you

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Speaker 2: Should Know, Part two of a one to two punch

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Speaker 2: of insect Goodness.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, Caterpillars hopefully you just listen to. If you did,

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Speaker 1: you might want to, because really, you know, without Caterpillar

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Speaker 1: there is no Butterfly episode. Yeah.

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Speaker 2: I feel like they could stand on their own, Like,

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Speaker 2: I don't think you have to have listened to one

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Speaker 2: to understand what we're going to talk about here.

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Speaker 1: No, no, no, but you know we're probably gonna say

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Speaker 1: when it comes time to talk about how the caterpillar

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Speaker 1: turns into a butterfly, just go back in time to

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Speaker 1: two days ago and listen to that one.

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Speaker 2: Right, we'll be like.

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Speaker 1: And once again we have to thank HowStuffWorks dot Com

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Speaker 1: and our former and current colleague Tracy Wilson, as well

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Speaker 1: as our former colleague not current, Jennifer Horton, wrote a

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Speaker 1: fun piece about butterfly gardens that we're going to talk

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Speaker 1: about at the end. But I forgot about Jennifer. You

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Speaker 1: remember her?

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Speaker 2: Oh yeah, she was great. She wrote lots of great stuff.

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Speaker 2: She's a good person.

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Speaker 1: So, Jennifer, I don't know if you're out there and listen,

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Speaker 1: but Hi, Hi.

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Speaker 2: It's been a while, yeah, since like two thousand and

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Speaker 2: eight or nine, in a long while. Well, so we're

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Speaker 2: talking about butterflies, and we should probably kind of pick

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Speaker 2: up not where we left off, because we talked I

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Speaker 2: think about caterpillars being pests at the end, or considered pests,

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Speaker 2: but they're not really. Yeah, we should pick up after

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Speaker 2: the caterpillar emerges from its chrysalis because we're talking specifically

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Speaker 2: about butterflies. So it's the chrysalis, not a cocoon that

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Speaker 2: it metamorphosizes within, and once it emerges, it is a

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Speaker 2: beautiful creature that resembles the caterpillar that it was almost

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Speaker 2: not at all. But it's the same exact creature. It's

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Speaker 2: got the same mind, it can remember smells and all that.

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Speaker 2: But whereas the caterpillar was built for eating, I think

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Speaker 2: we said it in the last episode too, the butterfly

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Speaker 2: is built for sex, sex, sex.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, they're built for reproducing. Should we talk, I mean,

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Speaker 1: should we go back in time just a little bit

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Speaker 1: and talk about the fact that, like the distinction between

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Speaker 1: mals and butterflies and stuff like that. Sure, well, what's

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Speaker 1: the deal, wasn't it aren't moths and butterflies basically mostly

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Speaker 1: the same except moths are they do their sex at

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Speaker 1: night and butterflies do their sex in the day.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean, there's not many distinctions between them other

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Speaker 2: than like the obvious ones. But that's the biggest one.

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Speaker 2: And the reason why butterflies are diurnal and moths are

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Speaker 2: nocturnal is because all butterflies, I think, what is there

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Speaker 2: like fifteen twenty thousand species.

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Speaker 1: Of butterflies, A lot of them.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, all of them are descended from moths, and these

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Speaker 2: were just moths that started to do their thing in

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Speaker 2: the daytime rather than the nighttime, and over time they

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Speaker 2: evolve to fit in in the daytime rather than the nighttime,

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Speaker 2: which is how moths evolved. So a moth's camouflage is

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Speaker 2: meant to blend in with like a tree where it's

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Speaker 2: sleeping during the day, whereas a butterfly is bright colored

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Speaker 2: because it's out in the daytime and it needs to

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Speaker 2: blend in with the big, color full flowers that it

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Speaker 2: likes to hang out on.

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Speaker 1: Do you know why I'm meant to look this up

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Speaker 1: and didn't. Why then a moth is so attracted to light.

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Speaker 2: I saw that they think that it is attracted to

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Speaker 2: the moon for navigation. Oh okay, and that butterflies aren't

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Speaker 2: attracted to light because they don't navigate by the moon.

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Speaker 2: They lost that ability or that need.

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Speaker 1: Well, butterflies navigate by the sun. That's one of the

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Speaker 1: one of my amazing facts about butterflies.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, but then that's weird that they don't fly to light,

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Speaker 2: but they are not attracted to flames or light bulbs.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, Oh well maybe they know sun is death.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, whereas the moon is nice and cool.

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Speaker 1: Should we talk about their bodies a little bit, because

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Speaker 1: that's where we like to start off usually with our

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Speaker 1: insect casts.

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Speaker 2: One more thing, let's talk about where the word butterfly

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Speaker 2: came from.

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Speaker 1: Eh, where to come from?

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Speaker 2: Oh well, it's very Old English and it means butter

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Speaker 2: and fly, right, No real mystery there. Yeah, but the

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Speaker 2: reason they think there's two reasons why they are named

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Speaker 2: butterflies in the Old English. And they think it's either

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Speaker 2: because some of them are a pale yellow in color,

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Speaker 2: so they resemble butter. We can pretty much discard that one.

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Speaker 2: The other one is that there was a folk belief

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Speaker 2: that they stole butter, that they were just kind of

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Speaker 2: some sort of supernatural spirit in a butterfly form to

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Speaker 2: come and steal your milk in your butter. And there's

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Speaker 2: evidence of that in other nearby languages. I think the

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Speaker 2: Germans called butterflies milk.

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Speaker 1: Thieves and butterfairy almost.

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Speaker 2: Yes, and then the Dutch and the Germans have a

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Speaker 2: word for butterfly that means butter witch. So that's probably

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Speaker 2: why butterflies are called that, because they used to think

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Speaker 2: that they stole butter.

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Speaker 1: Well, you know who it was the whole time, it

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Speaker 1: was Grandpa night eating.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, he could get one cc of blood through those arteries.

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Speaker 2: They were so clogged he was he was on ambient.

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Speaker 1: Does it does it say when the name more for

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Speaker 1: my wife into flutterfly.

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Speaker 2: They actually used to think or something like, it's a

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Speaker 2: pretty strange idea that they are called butterflies rather than flutterbys,

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Speaker 2: because that makes more sense. So Emily's kind of taking

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Speaker 2: it in a much smarter direction. But it's interesting. She

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Speaker 2: probably just doesn't know the fact that they're actually witches

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Speaker 2: in disguise who are out to steal butter and milk.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, she's always she still calls them fltterflies.

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Speaker 2: Just does she call spaghetti pasquetti?

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Speaker 1: No? No, just flutterflies. Can we talk about their their

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Speaker 1: bodies now?

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Speaker 2: Yes? Yes, thank you for indulging me. I feel so indulged.

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Speaker 1: Sure. So, like we mentioned, the head, the thorax, and

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Speaker 1: the abdomen of the butterfly will look a lot like

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Speaker 1: a caterpillar in some ways if you hold them up

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Speaker 1: next to each other, and that's about it. For one,

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Speaker 1: a butterfly can see a lot better than a caterpillar.

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Speaker 1: Can I get the idea that it still doesn't have like,

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Speaker 1: you know, like great vision. But caterpillars, remember, we're essentially blind.

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Speaker 1: Butterflies at least have these compound eyes and they can

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Speaker 1: detect color. And I think we said the caterpillar could

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Speaker 1: only see black and white. They can detect movement as well.

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Speaker 1: But when it comes to the star of the show,

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Speaker 1: as far as butterfly parts go, it's those antennae.

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Speaker 2: Well, hold on, before we move on, I've got one

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Speaker 2: about the eyes too. You know, the monarch butterfly like

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Speaker 2: basically the quintessential butterfly. Sure, they have twelve thousand eyes,

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Speaker 2: both compound and simple, and they go basically all the

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Speaker 2: way around their head.

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Speaker 1: It's a lot of eyes.

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Speaker 2: They can see into your soul.

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Speaker 1: And that's why they Maybe that's why they're so great,

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Speaker 1: migrating every year and such large numbers.

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Speaker 2: Possibly, I think we talked about in our animal Migration episode.

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Speaker 2: We talked about monarch butterfly migration, and I think we

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Speaker 2: said one of the reasons why they're able to make

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Speaker 2: it from eastern Canada all the way down to northwest

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Speaker 2: Mexico is because they are they navigate using UV they

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Speaker 2: see in the UV.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, it's that it's that sun. And that's kind of

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Speaker 1: brings me back around to antennae. These things are amazing.

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Speaker 1: They they get their sense of direction from the position

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Speaker 1: of the sun, so they are literally navigating by the

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Speaker 1: position of the sun. The antennae also act as light receptors,

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Speaker 1: obviously to tract the sun. They're highly attuned to odors.

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Speaker 1: Those antenna are great smellers. They sense pheromones during times

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Speaker 1: of mating, and they can even sense these antennae the

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Speaker 1: beat of wings of butterflies of the same species.

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Speaker 2: During amazing, just the antennae, just the antennae. Well, how

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Speaker 2: about the labial palps.

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Speaker 1: Well, yeah, those are if you if you look at

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Speaker 1: a close up of a butterfly, and they can take

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Speaker 1: kind of different positions, but usually I've seen them they

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Speaker 1: look like kind of little hairy tusks coming out.

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Speaker 2: Coming out of what chuck coming out of.

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Speaker 1: Their their head well near the mouth parts.

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Speaker 2: Yeaping thing. Okay, it's now officially a Tracy Wilson article.

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Speaker 1: That's right.

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Speaker 2: So they apparently are like this is food. This isn't food.

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Speaker 2: This is food, but they don't eat with the labial palps.

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Speaker 2: It's just a way of sensing food. What they eat

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Speaker 2: with is their proboscis and that's the long kind of

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Speaker 2: tongue like appendage that they suck nectar with.

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Speaker 1: That's right, I got one more thing on the labial palps.

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Speaker 2: So, oh okay.

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Speaker 1: They they've kind of surmised that it detects food. That

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Speaker 1: the function was is fairly unknown, but I think they've

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Speaker 1: learned I'm not sure how recently that they can those

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Speaker 1: labial palps detect CO two in the air. Oh, neat

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Speaker 1: as well, and they think that might be the main function.

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Speaker 2: Oh that's really cool.

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Speaker 1: Who knows?

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Speaker 2: So instead of seeing red or green, they have the

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Speaker 2: labial palps that detect I guess two. That was a

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Speaker 2: reference to a reality episode.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, So what part did you move to?

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Speaker 2: I moved on to their proboscis.

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Speaker 1: Oh, everyone loves a good prescos and the uh, the

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Speaker 1: butterfly proboscos is interesting because when the butterfly comes out,

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Speaker 1: and we'll talk about this morn in a second, it's

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Speaker 1: almost like it should have a label that says some

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Speaker 1: assembly required. Yeah, because they got to do some stuff

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Speaker 1: before they can really do their butterfly thing. And one

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Speaker 1: of those things is literally almost like screwing together their proscis.

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Speaker 2: Mm hmm. Yeah, they have two parts of their proboscis

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Speaker 2: that they have to connect in order to start eating.

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Speaker 2: So that's one of the first things that they do

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Speaker 2: when they e close from their chrysalis.

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Speaker 1: E close. It's a great name.

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Speaker 2: Now, it sounds like Apple has trademarked it or something.

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Speaker 1: And we'll talk more about the proboscos as we go,

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Speaker 1: but we do need to mention their legs. If you remember,

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Speaker 1: the caterpillars have six real legs and then a bunch

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Speaker 1: of pro legs. The butterfly says, I don't need those

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Speaker 1: pro legs anymore because I'm flying basically, but I've still

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Speaker 1: got those six legs. I've got a set of four legs,

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Speaker 1: some middle legs and some hind legs. And these things

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Speaker 1: are pretty they're more than just legs as well, because

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Speaker 1: they will land on something and they're looking for dissolving

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Speaker 1: sugars basically to eat, and they're looking for that with

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Speaker 1: their legs.

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Speaker 2: Yeah. And also you'll probably see fairly commonly that there

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Speaker 2: are some butterfly species that only have two pairs of legs,

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Speaker 2: and that's not true, they actually have six, but one

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Speaker 2: pair is basically shriveled almost to nothingness.

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Speaker 1: And by the way, I should clear up when I

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Speaker 1: say their legs are looking for dissolving sugars, they're not

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Speaker 1: doing it by feel like they are taste organs in

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Speaker 1: their feet.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, they can taste through all sorts of different organs.

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Speaker 2: It's pretty cool. They apparently when they're they step in

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Speaker 2: like some dissolving sugar, their proboscis uncoils involuntarily and it

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Speaker 2: just starts sipping nectar immediately. Oh man, so you better

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Speaker 2: hope that your your legs are finely attuned to sugar

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Speaker 2: and you don't accidentally suck up some really gross stuff. Yeah,

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Speaker 2: you know, like, oh it was puss right.

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Speaker 1: Oh my god, Oh, the worst word. It's the worst.

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Speaker 2: It's pretty bad and hygenic utensil.

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Speaker 1: Though, Like, what are the odds that one of the

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Speaker 1: grossest things has the grossest word.

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Speaker 2: I don't know. I wonder if that was intentional?

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Speaker 1: Yeah, like, what is that?

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Speaker 2: Ugh?

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Speaker 1: Puss?

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Speaker 2: Right?

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Speaker 1: Does that sound gross enough? Sure, let's go with it.

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Speaker 2: We please stop talking about puss.

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Speaker 1: Sure, Webster the wings, We're going to talk about a lot.

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Speaker 1: We did a whole episode on the iridescence of butterfly wings.

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Speaker 1: So we're not going to really get into it here,

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Speaker 1: but if you want to learn about iridescence, it's very

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Speaker 1: complex and complicated and deserved its own episode many years ago.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, but the opshot is the structure of the scales.

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Speaker 2: They're transparent, multi layered, and they reflect and amplify light

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Speaker 2: multiple times. That was a really cool episode if I

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Speaker 2: remember correctly.

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Speaker 1: It was, and it was a tough one if I

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Speaker 1: remember to like absorb.

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Speaker 2: Yes, but we did such a great job of it.

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Speaker 2: I would like to say we probably just knocked it

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Speaker 2: out of the park.

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Speaker 1: Really, I think so too. But the butterfly wings are

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Speaker 1: made of it's transparents called kiten. If you've heard of

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Speaker 1: kitenre you're probably just alive on the earth because it

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Speaker 1: is one of the most abundant polysaccharides in nature. It's

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Speaker 1: I think the second most abundant. It's all over the place.

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Speaker 1: Their wings are made of that kitan, and they have

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Speaker 1: those sort of vein like structures that you can if

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Speaker 1: you look at their wings closely. Don't touch them though,

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Speaker 1: please no, we talked about that in that episode. But

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Speaker 1: they have those four wings that are obviously toward the

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Speaker 1: front and they are basically triangular, and then the hind

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Speaker 1: wings toward the button and they kind of look like

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Speaker 1: little seashells.

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Speaker 2: Yes, and they're like you said, don't touch them. They're very,

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Speaker 2: very delicate, and those veins are species specific, so that's

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Speaker 2: one of the ways that they use to recognize one

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Speaker 2: another when they're mating as well.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, and I think butterflies cannot repair their wings, isn't

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Speaker 1: that correct?

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Speaker 2: Yes, they have no means of doing that. They have

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Speaker 2: no car shield for wings.

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Speaker 1: But I don't think it kills them. But if a

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Speaker 1: butterfly can't fly, that's probably ultimately a death sentence, right.

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Speaker 2: That's my guess. It would make them easy prey at

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Speaker 2: the very least.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, I think that's kind of the deal. When they

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Speaker 1: say a butterfly will die if you touch their wings, Yes,

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Speaker 1: it will die quicker.

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Speaker 2: There's something that a butterfly that's recently e closed and

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Speaker 2: a baby that's just been born have in common. Do

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Speaker 2: you know what it is?

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Speaker 1: Mmm? Maybe, but go ahead.

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Speaker 2: They both poop out in a meconium.

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Speaker 1: Oh sure, a human baby yeah, yeah, yeah, maconium. Is

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Speaker 1: that that first poop that they take and in this case,

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Speaker 1: the butterfly is pooping what it last eight as a caterpillar.

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Speaker 2: That's so cool.

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Speaker 1: It is really cool.

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Speaker 2: It's usually red bright red, almost looks like blood. But

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Speaker 2: the butterfly poops that out. That's one of the first

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Speaker 2: things it does. It has to clean off all of

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Speaker 2: its organs, its feet to make sure it's sugar finding

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Speaker 2: not puss finding, clean off its antennas, put its proboscis

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Speaker 2: together again, let its wings dry out. I saw, and

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Speaker 2: I don't think we mentioned in the Caterpillar episode that

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Speaker 2: in its last in star it has wings already. They're

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Speaker 2: just folded up under its skin that they develop even

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Speaker 2: further in the chrysalis. But when they're when they come out,

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Speaker 2: they're soaking wet because the butterfly was goo not too

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Speaker 2: long ago, and they have to spread them out and

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Speaker 2: let them dry in the sun before they can fly.

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Speaker 2: So they're doing all of this like self care, basically

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Speaker 2: a morning at the spa after they're born.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, but they can't just like flop their wings open immediately.

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Speaker 1: They actually have to pump them up, almost like an

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Speaker 1: air pump inflating a raft or something, or some high stops, yeah,

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Speaker 1: or some oh man, remember those. That's so funny. What

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Speaker 1: a scam.

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Speaker 2: That was a scam, right, I'm quite sure you could

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Speaker 2: break your ankle in that just as easily as any

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Speaker 2: other shoe. Sure.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, it may give you like a little tighter fit

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Speaker 1: or something. I don't know about that.

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Speaker 2: Uh.

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Speaker 1: And for people that are our younger or younger listeners,

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Speaker 1: if you don't know who Milli Vanilli was or pump

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Speaker 1: up basketball shoes, there were I think Rebock.

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Speaker 2: Right, pretty sure it was Rebock.

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Speaker 1: Had basketball shoes that on the tongue had a little

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Speaker 1: basketball that was a little pump, and you would put

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Speaker 1: on your shoes, tie them up, and then press that

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Speaker 1: pump a bunch of times, and it would fill some

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Speaker 1: cavities with air, I guess, and make your shoes tighter.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, especially around your ankle. It was meant to give

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Speaker 2: you extra ankle support so you could daunt easier, even

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Speaker 2: though you've never donked in your life.

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Speaker 1: That's right. But they had Spudweb repping them, so oh yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: I think he. I think he was one of their

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Speaker 1: pitch guys for a little while. Okay, cool, but anyway,

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Speaker 1: the butterfly Wait.

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Speaker 2: Wait, should we explain who spud web.

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Speaker 1: He was a diminutive NBA player for the hostod Land

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Speaker 1: to get his autograph one time. Yeah.

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Speaker 2: Nice.

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Speaker 1: They pump their wings out, but not with air. There's

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Speaker 1: a fluid that they pump through these those two black

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Speaker 1: veins we were talking about, and just sort of inflate

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Speaker 1: them out, and like you said, they just get all

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Speaker 1: cleaned up and ready to fly.

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Speaker 2: Yes, And then once they're all ready, they start flying

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Speaker 2: and they realize very quickly, up it's not a very

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Speaker 2: good day to fly. And I say, we take a

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Speaker 2: break and come back and explain just what in the

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Speaker 2: holy heck I'm talking about?

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Speaker 1: All right, what in the holy heck are you talking about?

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Speaker 2: Oh well, let me explain, Chuck. It turns out that butterflies,

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Speaker 2: while being pretty hardy individuals, at least as far as

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Speaker 2: insects are concerned, on that level, they're also very delicate,

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Speaker 2: like we talked about with their wings, and even beyond

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Speaker 2: their wings, getting like a rain drop driving through it,

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Speaker 2: that can happen, or say like strong wind tattering it.

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Speaker 2: That's a big problem for a butterfly. Just the temperature,

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Speaker 2: the ambient temperature has a tremendous effect on them. Not

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Speaker 2: just because they're ectotherms, meaning they're like a lizard. They

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Speaker 2: rely on the ambient temperature to warm themselves or cool

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Speaker 2: themselves off. Their muscles just simply will not function when

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Speaker 2: it drops below a certain temperature.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, I think Tracy points out they work best when

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Speaker 1: their internal temperature is about eighty two fahrenheit twenty eight celsius.

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Speaker 1: And you know, they use these wings for flying, which

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Speaker 1: is great, but you might think like, oh, it's no

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Speaker 1: big deal if it's cold, they just kind of hunker down.

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Speaker 1: But they also use these wings to do all kinds

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Speaker 1: of like cool things, like, namely to scare away predators.

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Speaker 1: They can do all sorts of like they can make

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Speaker 1: eyes where it looks like a scary face, kind of

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Speaker 1: like their little caterpillar former selves can look like snakes.

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Speaker 1: They can flash these bright colors that a lot of

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Speaker 1: times say get away predator. And if they can't move

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Speaker 1: their wings, it's not just that they can't fly, but

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Speaker 1: they can't defend themselves or disguise themselves. So it means

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Speaker 1: that when it's cold outside, or when it's two windy

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Speaker 1: or rainy or something, then they're way more vulnerable to

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Speaker 1: prey for sure, or as prey.

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Speaker 2: Right but even prey could probably get them. That's how

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Speaker 2: vulnerable they are, so for sure. So you'll often see

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Speaker 2: like butterflies is kind of bask in the sun. I've

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Speaker 2: always wondered what they're doing, Like they just seem like

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Speaker 2: they're they don't know what to do next. That's how

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Speaker 2: it's always struck me. For some reason, they're thinking of

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Speaker 2: their next move, but in reality, they're just sitting there

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Speaker 2: getting warmed up by the sun so they can fly

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Speaker 2: to another spot. And if you stop and think about it,

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Speaker 2: the next time you see a butterfly basking in the sun,

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Speaker 2: I'll bet it's below eighty degrees out and the butterflies

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Speaker 2: having to warm itself so it can fly on to

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Speaker 2: the next flower to eat or rest or whatever.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, that's a good point. They do take shelter at

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Speaker 1: night when it gets chilly. That's why you don't see

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Speaker 1: butterflies flying around at night mainly. And like you said,

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Speaker 1: they're what are daytime dwellers called diurnal diurnal day urinal? Yeah,

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Speaker 1: day ernal? Is that how you remember it?

400
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Speaker 2: Now? It is?

401
00:20:53,400 --> 00:20:56,399
Speaker 1: Okay, you do remember it. That's how I need to

402
00:20:56,440 --> 00:20:59,640
Speaker 1: remember it, right, But yeah, they bass those wings, they'll

403
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Speaker 1: sit on rocks they shelter at night sometimes that they

404
00:21:03,960 --> 00:21:06,639
Speaker 1: will actually do like a kind of like human shiver

405
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Speaker 1: to warm up. They can kind of shake their butterfly

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Speaker 1: wings to get their muscles warmed up to fly. They

407
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Speaker 1: just can't go out cold. They gotta do a little

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Speaker 1: warm up first.

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Speaker 2: It's like that knee hike thing. Live their knees really

410
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Speaker 2: really high, like in place a bunch of times.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, that soccer players do. Yeah, like that ted Lasso guy.

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Speaker 2: Right, then there's a name for that. But don't bother

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Speaker 2: emailing us with it. We can figure it out ourselves.

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Speaker 1: They also can use those wings as little reflectors, like

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Speaker 1: you know how in the nineteen fifties and sixties people

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Speaker 1: would sit out in the sun with those reflectors under

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Speaker 1: their neck to reflect sun back on their faces. They

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Speaker 1: can use their wings to do that to their body

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Speaker 1: and warm it.

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Speaker 2: Up, right, which is pretty cool. They can also they

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00:21:52,960 --> 00:21:55,200
Speaker 2: can also keep the sun from warming them up when

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Speaker 2: it's too hot out. They'll fold their wings together and

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Speaker 2: just present like the edge, the outer edge of their

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Speaker 2: wings to the sun, so there's much less surface area.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, that makes a lot of sense. And they, like

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Speaker 1: you said, when you see them sitting they're probably not

427
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Speaker 1: sitting for long. They're probably sitting just so they can

428
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Speaker 1: get it going to fly again very shortly.

429
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Speaker 2: Exactly so, even though they're sitting there, warming themselves up

430
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Speaker 2: to move from flower to flower even and that's typically

431
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Speaker 2: what you see. There's a lot of species I see

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Speaker 2: at least two hundred that migrate over very long distances,

433
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Speaker 2: and monarchs are the ones that they're like the money,

434
00:22:37,640 --> 00:22:40,280
Speaker 2: the money butterfly that everybody knows about. But one of

435
00:22:40,320 --> 00:22:43,439
Speaker 2: the reasons why is because they migrate so far. Again,

436
00:22:43,840 --> 00:22:47,920
Speaker 2: they migrate from eastern Canada to northwest Mexico. It takes

437
00:22:48,040 --> 00:22:51,399
Speaker 2: eight months, and not a single butterfly that starts that

438
00:22:51,520 --> 00:22:55,359
Speaker 2: journey is alive at the end. So it's like you

439
00:22:55,520 --> 00:22:58,080
Speaker 2: look at the butterfly. By the way, the butterfly flock

440
00:22:58,800 --> 00:23:02,280
Speaker 2: or a group of butterflies is called the kaleidoscope. M

441
00:23:03,080 --> 00:23:05,760
Speaker 2: I love that also, that's the official one. They're also

442
00:23:05,880 --> 00:23:08,960
Speaker 2: called flutter, shimmer, and rainbow of butterflies.

443
00:23:09,720 --> 00:23:11,600
Speaker 1: Okay, a flutter of butterflies, yep.

444
00:23:11,840 --> 00:23:14,399
Speaker 2: But you look at the kaleidoscope of butterflies, it's like

445
00:23:14,440 --> 00:23:18,159
Speaker 2: a single organism in each individual butterfly that lives and

446
00:23:18,200 --> 00:23:22,640
Speaker 2: dies and reproduces, not necessarily in that order, as kind

447
00:23:22,640 --> 00:23:25,720
Speaker 2: of like cells that function and make up the larger hole.

448
00:23:25,800 --> 00:23:29,480
Speaker 2: But it's really a bunch of individual butterflies flying together

449
00:23:29,520 --> 00:23:33,040
Speaker 2: but migrating as a whole down from eastern Canada to

450
00:23:33,400 --> 00:23:34,440
Speaker 2: northwest Mexico.

451
00:23:35,160 --> 00:23:38,520
Speaker 1: Yeah, and I guess since we're there, there was a

452
00:23:39,960 --> 00:23:46,080
Speaker 1: big deforestation, illegal deforestation, logging operation in Mexico at the

453
00:23:46,080 --> 00:23:51,239
Speaker 1: Butterfly Biosphere Reserve in twenty fifteen and they got like

454
00:23:51,600 --> 00:23:53,879
Speaker 1: I can't remember, like thirty or forty acres of land

455
00:23:54,600 --> 00:23:56,880
Speaker 1: just cut down before anyone knew what was going on.

456
00:23:57,560 --> 00:24:00,199
Speaker 1: And since then, and we can't get into it here

457
00:24:00,200 --> 00:24:03,480
Speaker 1: because it's really complex, but they have this very involved

458
00:24:03,640 --> 00:24:07,760
Speaker 1: plan that they've been enacting since then of reforestation, including

459
00:24:07,760 --> 00:24:11,480
Speaker 1: something called assisted migration that I don't fully understand yet,

460
00:24:11,480 --> 00:24:12,680
Speaker 1: but I'm going to look into it more.

461
00:24:12,840 --> 00:24:15,920
Speaker 2: They just drive slowly by some butterflies and swipe them

462
00:24:15,960 --> 00:24:17,840
Speaker 2: into the car and drive them halfway.

463
00:24:18,440 --> 00:24:20,880
Speaker 1: Well, things are better now, but there were a billion

464
00:24:20,960 --> 00:24:24,359
Speaker 1: butterflies in that migration in nineteen ninety six, and in

465
00:24:25,040 --> 00:24:27,320
Speaker 1: I think twenty sixteen that was down to thirty five

466
00:24:27,359 --> 00:24:30,520
Speaker 1: million from a billion, and I think has since gone

467
00:24:30,600 --> 00:24:32,120
Speaker 1: up due to these efforts.

468
00:24:32,119 --> 00:24:33,040
Speaker 2: But that's good.

469
00:24:33,640 --> 00:24:37,000
Speaker 1: Yeah, then you know, butterflies, if you take down where

470
00:24:37,000 --> 00:24:40,280
Speaker 1: they're trying to get to, then they're going to die.

471
00:24:40,520 --> 00:24:45,280
Speaker 2: Yeah, and that's that Biosphere Reserve is a UNESCO World

472
00:24:45,359 --> 00:24:48,200
Speaker 2: Heritage Site and you can go visit it. But apparently

473
00:24:48,280 --> 00:24:51,560
Speaker 2: when the number of butterflies that show up are in

474
00:24:51,600 --> 00:24:56,960
Speaker 2: the billions, the branches that they're sitting on bend under

475
00:24:57,000 --> 00:25:00,000
Speaker 2: the weight of butterflies, that's how many butterflies there are

476
00:25:00,040 --> 00:25:04,119
Speaker 2: are sometimes. But yes, it's very problematic that there's fewer

477
00:25:04,160 --> 00:25:06,359
Speaker 2: and fewer. I'm glad to hear that it's kind of

478
00:25:06,400 --> 00:25:10,679
Speaker 2: bounced back a little bit, but they're still under I

479
00:25:10,680 --> 00:25:15,040
Speaker 2: don't know if they're endangered or just critical right now,

480
00:25:15,080 --> 00:25:18,040
Speaker 2: but there's there's something to keep an eye on, as

481
00:25:18,040 --> 00:25:20,680
Speaker 2: we'll see, because they're an indicator species.

482
00:25:20,640 --> 00:25:24,720
Speaker 1: They are, and they're also pollinators. They're not, you know,

483
00:25:25,480 --> 00:25:28,560
Speaker 1: the best pollinators, but they're pretty good. They're not like bees.

484
00:25:28,600 --> 00:25:31,840
Speaker 1: I mean, bees were made to pollinate. They wear shirts

485
00:25:31,880 --> 00:25:38,160
Speaker 1: that they do, they wear be shirts. But the some butterflies,

486
00:25:38,160 --> 00:25:40,760
Speaker 1: some butterflies don't spread pollen at all. They just love

487
00:25:40,800 --> 00:25:44,680
Speaker 1: that nectar. But generally butterflies are looked at as polleners,

488
00:25:45,080 --> 00:25:47,720
Speaker 1: and they have that proboscis. Like you said, that's just

489
00:25:47,800 --> 00:25:51,080
Speaker 1: it's made for diving deep into those flowers and getting

490
00:25:51,119 --> 00:25:56,280
Speaker 1: all that sweet stuff. But butterflies have lots of dietary needs.

491
00:25:56,840 --> 00:25:58,800
Speaker 1: They can't just get by on that sweet, sweet sugar.

492
00:25:59,600 --> 00:26:01,879
Speaker 1: They need minerals and stuff, and they get this in

493
00:26:02,040 --> 00:26:03,360
Speaker 1: a variety of interesting ways.

494
00:26:03,440 --> 00:26:07,080
Speaker 2: Right, Yeah, one is puddles. They'll just descend on a

495
00:26:07,080 --> 00:26:11,400
Speaker 2: puddle that's bare dirt. I don't think asphalt would work,

496
00:26:11,480 --> 00:26:14,080
Speaker 2: so yeah, it's kind of gross to think about. But

497
00:26:14,359 --> 00:26:17,400
Speaker 2: the minerals from the dirt and the soil leach into

498
00:26:17,400 --> 00:26:20,680
Speaker 2: the puddle, and the butterflies suck up those minerals through

499
00:26:20,720 --> 00:26:24,320
Speaker 2: the puddle, and apparently if there's not enough minerals for

500
00:26:24,359 --> 00:26:28,000
Speaker 2: their liking, they'll actually flutter off real quick and then

501
00:26:28,080 --> 00:26:30,960
Speaker 2: come back to the puddle, and just that little butterfly

502
00:26:31,240 --> 00:26:35,000
Speaker 2: movement is enough disturbance of the water to bring some

503
00:26:35,200 --> 00:26:38,480
Speaker 2: extra minerals to the surface of the puddle for them

504
00:26:38,520 --> 00:26:42,919
Speaker 2: to drink and to create a hurricane in Belize.

505
00:26:43,160 --> 00:26:48,560
Speaker 1: Right, if there's no water, it's pretty gross. If it

506
00:26:48,600 --> 00:26:53,800
Speaker 1: gets pretty bad, they will resort to puking onto the

507
00:26:53,840 --> 00:26:56,879
Speaker 1: soil and then drinking that mineral puke.

508
00:26:57,080 --> 00:26:58,399
Speaker 2: I took it more as spit.

509
00:27:00,200 --> 00:27:02,600
Speaker 1: One man's other man's that's right.

510
00:27:03,280 --> 00:27:05,959
Speaker 2: But yeah, they need the minerals, the nutrients, and it's

511
00:27:06,080 --> 00:27:07,280
Speaker 2: just not enough for the nectar.

512
00:27:07,960 --> 00:27:11,200
Speaker 1: Yeah, exactly. They've done some studies because they'll they'll eat fruit.

513
00:27:11,240 --> 00:27:13,600
Speaker 1: They'll eat rotten fruit on the ground, or they will

514
00:27:13,720 --> 00:27:16,399
Speaker 1: get on a piece of fruit. They will stomp on

515
00:27:16,440 --> 00:27:18,840
Speaker 1: it with their little feet ye to try and tenderize

516
00:27:18,880 --> 00:27:21,000
Speaker 1: it a little bit, and then jab it with that

517
00:27:21,160 --> 00:27:25,280
Speaker 1: proboscis and drink it up. And they've done studies that

518
00:27:25,680 --> 00:27:30,280
Speaker 1: have found that the fruit eaters live longer and are

519
00:27:30,320 --> 00:27:34,439
Speaker 1: better at reproducing in studies because they I think it

520
00:27:34,520 --> 00:27:38,840
Speaker 1: was the monarchs. Even they fed them either mash banana

521
00:27:39,640 --> 00:27:44,320
Speaker 1: or sugar, and the ones that ate the mash banana

522
00:27:44,440 --> 00:27:47,680
Speaker 1: laid almost two times as many eggs, and those eggs

523
00:27:48,040 --> 00:27:51,840
Speaker 1: were bigger and like more robust and vital as well.

524
00:27:52,080 --> 00:27:55,480
Speaker 2: Yeah, I also read that they tend to be easier

525
00:27:55,560 --> 00:27:58,159
Speaker 2: going in social situations and are more well liked by

526
00:27:58,200 --> 00:27:59,119
Speaker 2: their peers.

527
00:27:59,640 --> 00:28:01,600
Speaker 1: The fruit. Oh wow.

528
00:28:02,160 --> 00:28:05,160
Speaker 2: So there's a couple other places that they can get

529
00:28:05,240 --> 00:28:09,200
Speaker 2: nutrients and minerals, dung, and urine. Butterflies are not above that,

530
00:28:10,080 --> 00:28:14,120
Speaker 2: especially if they need it really badly. But the when

531
00:28:14,160 --> 00:28:18,440
Speaker 2: they're getting it from a puddle, it's called puddling. There's

532
00:28:18,480 --> 00:28:20,960
Speaker 2: just so many great words around butterflies. And there's a

533
00:28:21,080 --> 00:28:27,199
Speaker 2: specific word for butterflies pollinating plants. It's called psychophily, like psychophillly,

534
00:28:27,240 --> 00:28:32,400
Speaker 2: but with one l okay. Specifically, butterflies pollinating plants is psychophily.

535
00:28:33,320 --> 00:28:33,800
Speaker 1: I love that.

536
00:28:34,040 --> 00:28:36,000
Speaker 2: I thought you would. I found that and I was like,

537
00:28:36,080 --> 00:28:37,000
Speaker 2: fuck's gonna love this.

538
00:28:38,280 --> 00:28:40,800
Speaker 1: The sexy stuff you mentioned. They you know, butterflies love

539
00:28:40,880 --> 00:28:45,120
Speaker 1: to try and reproduce, and they reproduce like a lot

540
00:28:45,160 --> 00:28:48,680
Speaker 1: of animals. They they join themselves. They join end to

541
00:28:48,840 --> 00:28:52,200
Speaker 1: end at the abdomen. I think the male has a

542
00:28:52,600 --> 00:28:58,760
Speaker 1: like clasps clasps down on the female to make sure

543
00:28:58,800 --> 00:29:03,040
Speaker 1: they stay together. And there is sperm from the male

544
00:29:03,280 --> 00:29:05,720
Speaker 1: that is eventually going to fertilize the eggs of a female.

545
00:29:05,720 --> 00:29:09,720
Speaker 1: But not like you would think, it's pretty remarkable because

546
00:29:09,720 --> 00:29:12,320
Speaker 1: what they do is they well, first of all, they

547
00:29:12,360 --> 00:29:15,520
Speaker 1: have to recognize each other, like I said, using those antennae,

548
00:29:16,040 --> 00:29:19,840
Speaker 1: they recognize themselves as the same species or whatever. And

549
00:29:20,120 --> 00:29:22,640
Speaker 1: through their pheromones as well, which is also the antennae,

550
00:29:23,200 --> 00:29:28,840
Speaker 1: and then the male delivers a spermatophore, so it's like, hey,

551
00:29:29,000 --> 00:29:31,680
Speaker 1: I don't just have sperm for you. I've packaged it

552
00:29:31,760 --> 00:29:34,680
Speaker 1: up in a little package for you, and it's got

553
00:29:34,720 --> 00:29:37,040
Speaker 1: all these other minerals and nutrients that you love that

554
00:29:37,040 --> 00:29:41,360
Speaker 1: will help you in this fertilization process. And they will

555
00:29:41,440 --> 00:29:45,560
Speaker 1: take extra time to get an extra good spermatophore package

556
00:29:45,600 --> 00:29:49,600
Speaker 1: ready to be an extra attractive mate. The good ones

557
00:29:49,640 --> 00:29:51,400
Speaker 1: will sure.

558
00:29:52,680 --> 00:29:59,320
Speaker 2: So I guess the female butterflies when they fertilize their eggs,

559
00:29:59,360 --> 00:30:04,400
Speaker 2: they use the the last sperm that was inserted to them,

560
00:30:04,440 --> 00:30:06,400
Speaker 2: the last spermatophor package.

561
00:30:06,800 --> 00:30:07,080
Speaker 1: Yeah.

562
00:30:07,080 --> 00:30:10,920
Speaker 2: So there are some species where the male will basically

563
00:30:11,400 --> 00:30:15,440
Speaker 2: close up shop after he's inserted a spermataphor with kind

564
00:30:15,440 --> 00:30:18,280
Speaker 2: of like a sticky substance that prevents more sperm from

565
00:30:18,320 --> 00:30:21,360
Speaker 2: going in. So his sperm is the most recent sperm.

566
00:30:22,160 --> 00:30:24,320
Speaker 1: Yeah, that's not very cool at all. But I guess

567
00:30:24,400 --> 00:30:26,840
Speaker 1: that guy's also like, you know what am I doing

568
00:30:26,960 --> 00:30:29,160
Speaker 1: giving you my spermataphor if you're just gonna use the

569
00:30:29,240 --> 00:30:31,600
Speaker 1: latest spermataphor that you got.

570
00:30:31,680 --> 00:30:34,800
Speaker 2: Exactly I went to a lot of trouble combining the spermatophoor.

571
00:30:35,600 --> 00:30:37,720
Speaker 1: Yeah, like, look at this stuff. Look at all these minerals.

572
00:30:38,840 --> 00:30:40,400
Speaker 1: I also saw that some of the males in some

573
00:30:40,440 --> 00:30:44,680
Speaker 1: species will spray them with an off putting scent. Huh,

574
00:30:44,720 --> 00:30:48,360
Speaker 1: so no other butterflies will want them. There are mating

575
00:30:48,440 --> 00:30:52,920
Speaker 1: dances that they'll do, and they, you know, when the

576
00:30:52,960 --> 00:30:56,520
Speaker 1: female gets this spermataphor, they put it in their bursa

577
00:30:57,080 --> 00:30:59,479
Speaker 1: and then they wait until they're ready to lay their eggs.

578
00:30:59,520 --> 00:31:03,320
Speaker 1: And they actually lay the eggs first and then use

579
00:31:03,400 --> 00:31:05,800
Speaker 1: the sperm to fertilize them once they have laid the eggs,

580
00:31:05,800 --> 00:31:09,080
Speaker 1: which is also I think pretty unusual in the insect kingdom.

581
00:31:09,120 --> 00:31:12,920
Speaker 2: Right, I don't know. For some reason, I had the

582
00:31:12,960 --> 00:31:16,600
Speaker 2: impression that they were fertilizing each egg as they were

583
00:31:16,600 --> 00:31:19,840
Speaker 2: coming out, kind of like a pez dispenser. Yeah.

584
00:31:19,920 --> 00:31:21,520
Speaker 1: Yeah, that's what I mean though, But they're not, like

585
00:31:21,760 --> 00:31:24,200
Speaker 1: they're not fertilized in the body.

586
00:31:24,400 --> 00:31:26,840
Speaker 2: I see what you're saying. They're fertilized externally.

587
00:31:27,200 --> 00:31:29,080
Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, sure, that's the word.

588
00:31:30,600 --> 00:31:33,440
Speaker 2: One other thing you talked about terrible smells. I turned

589
00:31:33,480 --> 00:31:40,360
Speaker 2: up that there some pheromones are pleasant smelling to humans. Specifically,

590
00:31:40,720 --> 00:31:43,880
Speaker 2: let me tell you about the green vein white butterfly.

591
00:31:44,480 --> 00:31:45,200
Speaker 1: Let's hear it.

592
00:31:45,200 --> 00:31:48,160
Speaker 2: It puts together lemon oil for all intents and purposes.

593
00:31:48,200 --> 00:31:50,920
Speaker 2: It has the same chemical composition as lemon oil, but

594
00:31:51,000 --> 00:31:53,680
Speaker 2: it's the pheromone it produces to attract a mate. And

595
00:31:53,720 --> 00:31:55,640
Speaker 2: I got to tell you, lemon oil is a pretty

596
00:31:55,640 --> 00:31:57,120
Speaker 2: great smell. It would attract me too.

597
00:31:57,680 --> 00:31:58,120
Speaker 1: I love it.

598
00:31:58,200 --> 00:32:00,960
Speaker 2: So if you ever smell a great vein white during

599
00:32:01,000 --> 00:32:03,360
Speaker 2: mating season, you're gonna smell some lemon oil.

600
00:32:05,480 --> 00:32:09,080
Speaker 1: The gestation periods about three days, and they lay anywhere

601
00:32:09,200 --> 00:32:13,080
Speaker 1: from ten to three hundred eggs in clusters over a

602
00:32:13,120 --> 00:32:14,400
Speaker 1: two to four week period.

603
00:32:15,360 --> 00:32:16,480
Speaker 2: Oh wow, it's that long.

604
00:32:17,600 --> 00:32:21,360
Speaker 1: Yeah, it can't. Yeah, two to four weeks and these eggs,

605
00:32:21,480 --> 00:32:23,800
Speaker 1: you know, they lay that many because it's tough for

606
00:32:23,880 --> 00:32:28,040
Speaker 1: these eggs to survive into adulthood. They got to be

607
00:32:28,200 --> 00:32:30,440
Speaker 1: the temperature's got to be just right, humidity's got to

608
00:32:30,440 --> 00:32:33,400
Speaker 1: be just right. They can rot very easily if it's

609
00:32:33,400 --> 00:32:36,400
Speaker 1: too wet. If it's not wet enough, they're going to

610
00:32:36,480 --> 00:32:39,440
Speaker 1: dry out. And then of course there's all those predators

611
00:32:39,440 --> 00:32:41,560
Speaker 1: that are just dying to eat those butterfly eggs.

612
00:32:41,680 --> 00:32:44,480
Speaker 2: They need to find the goldilock zone with the humidity

613
00:32:44,520 --> 00:32:45,440
Speaker 2: for the eggs.

614
00:32:45,840 --> 00:32:46,680
Speaker 1: That's right, they do.

615
00:32:47,040 --> 00:32:49,640
Speaker 2: So they also make sure that they put the eggs

616
00:32:49,680 --> 00:32:52,760
Speaker 2: on their baby's favorite food, which is a certain kind

617
00:32:52,760 --> 00:32:58,640
Speaker 2: of plant. Their butterflies are very frequently indiscriminate pollinators. They

618
00:32:58,720 --> 00:33:00,720
Speaker 2: just go from plant to plant. But there are also

619
00:33:00,840 --> 00:33:04,040
Speaker 2: plenty of species that are very plant specific, and those

620
00:33:04,040 --> 00:33:06,920
Speaker 2: are the ones where they will not only eat that

621
00:33:07,000 --> 00:33:10,160
Speaker 2: plant while they're caterpillars, they were probably born on that

622
00:33:10,240 --> 00:33:11,280
Speaker 2: same plant as well.

623
00:33:11,680 --> 00:33:13,640
Speaker 1: We used to have a butterfly bush in our yard

624
00:33:13,680 --> 00:33:17,880
Speaker 1: that was those things get really big and out of control,

625
00:33:18,840 --> 00:33:20,360
Speaker 1: kind of in a we have sort of a wild

626
00:33:20,400 --> 00:33:23,280
Speaker 1: garden anyway. It's not like a you know, super manicure

627
00:33:23,320 --> 00:33:26,080
Speaker 1: like English type garden. It's kind of a crazy, fun garden.

628
00:33:26,520 --> 00:33:29,280
Speaker 1: So it fit in the garden and we had tons

629
00:33:29,320 --> 00:33:32,440
Speaker 1: and tons of butterflies. But it went away. And I

630
00:33:32,480 --> 00:33:34,240
Speaker 1: don't know if it was because I think some people,

631
00:33:35,160 --> 00:33:37,040
Speaker 1: well I think it could be an invasive species, and

632
00:33:37,080 --> 00:33:38,800
Speaker 1: a lot of people say, like they'll play it the

633
00:33:38,800 --> 00:33:41,320
Speaker 1: butterfly bush, but we had one for a while but

634
00:33:41,400 --> 00:33:43,640
Speaker 1: don't now, so Emily may have taken it down for

635
00:33:43,680 --> 00:33:44,080
Speaker 1: that reason.

636
00:33:44,200 --> 00:33:47,280
Speaker 2: So the reason it's considered invasive and harmful the butterflies

637
00:33:47,360 --> 00:33:50,360
Speaker 2: is it produces tons of nectar, but it has no

638
00:33:50,720 --> 00:33:55,440
Speaker 2: value in supporting eggs or the life cycle of it

639
00:33:55,520 --> 00:34:00,000
Speaker 2: other than nectar for adults, And so it's a distract

640
00:34:00,360 --> 00:34:04,040
Speaker 2: from native plants that do provide not just nectar but

641
00:34:04,120 --> 00:34:07,239
Speaker 2: also shelter and a place to lay their eggs. So

642
00:34:07,280 --> 00:34:10,319
Speaker 2: it actually disrupts the life cycle of local butterflies. Even

643
00:34:10,360 --> 00:34:12,839
Speaker 2: though it's a butterfly bush and they love it, it's

644
00:34:12,880 --> 00:34:15,040
Speaker 2: actually bad for them. So I have to go cut

645
00:34:15,040 --> 00:34:16,000
Speaker 2: down mine after this.

646
00:34:17,000 --> 00:34:19,280
Speaker 1: Even if you have a lot of those natives nearby,

647
00:34:19,480 --> 00:34:21,280
Speaker 1: like as a whole, it's still bad, yes.

648
00:34:21,120 --> 00:34:23,840
Speaker 2: Because it's a distraction because it's so chuck full of

649
00:34:23,880 --> 00:34:26,520
Speaker 2: nectar that they go to that one instead and just

650
00:34:26,600 --> 00:34:27,120
Speaker 2: die off.

651
00:34:28,160 --> 00:34:30,600
Speaker 1: Well, some distractions are okay, right, like television.

652
00:34:31,280 --> 00:34:33,919
Speaker 2: Sure, you could put a TV with an extension cord

653
00:34:33,920 --> 00:34:36,319
Speaker 2: out in your butterfly garden. That's not going to harm them.

654
00:34:36,600 --> 00:34:39,279
Speaker 2: If you have a butterfly bush, you have to chop

655
00:34:39,320 --> 00:34:41,560
Speaker 2: it down. I command you, all right.

656
00:34:42,360 --> 00:34:44,520
Speaker 1: They're really pretty though, and it's fun to see other butterflies,

657
00:34:44,520 --> 00:34:45,880
Speaker 1: But yeah, I get you.

658
00:34:46,200 --> 00:34:49,640
Speaker 2: In the But wait until you've planted other plants, which

659
00:34:49,680 --> 00:34:51,520
Speaker 2: we'll talk about, and then you can chop down your

660
00:34:51,520 --> 00:34:52,719
Speaker 2: butterfly bush.

661
00:34:53,280 --> 00:34:55,760
Speaker 1: All right, Well, let's take a break or second break,

662
00:34:56,280 --> 00:34:59,359
Speaker 1: and we'll talk a little bit more about what's going

663
00:34:59,360 --> 00:35:02,839
Speaker 1: on with a butterf population and the butterfly gardens right

664
00:35:02,880 --> 00:35:30,440
Speaker 1: after this. Okay, Well, we talked already about the monarchs

665
00:35:30,480 --> 00:35:33,680
Speaker 1: and how they had been hit hard from the illegal

666
00:35:33,719 --> 00:35:37,240
Speaker 1: logging going on in Mexico in the mid twenty tens,

667
00:35:38,280 --> 00:35:43,399
Speaker 1: and in general, butterflies are doing okay, but there are

668
00:35:43,480 --> 00:35:45,800
Speaker 1: some you know, pesticides and things like that. I think

669
00:35:47,120 --> 00:35:50,239
Speaker 1: one of the other big reasons besides the logging for

670
00:35:50,280 --> 00:35:53,080
Speaker 1: that migration of the monarchs, I think pesticides has killed

671
00:35:53,080 --> 00:35:55,960
Speaker 1: a lot of milkweed, which I think the monarchs love.

672
00:35:56,920 --> 00:35:59,400
Speaker 1: So pesticides are a big threat. And it's not like

673
00:36:00,040 --> 00:36:01,520
Speaker 1: I'm just going to spray this one little part of

674
00:36:01,560 --> 00:36:04,719
Speaker 1: my garden, Like pesticides in your garden in one part

675
00:36:04,760 --> 00:36:07,719
Speaker 1: of your garden generally means it's in most parts of

676
00:36:07,760 --> 00:36:08,120
Speaker 1: your garden.

677
00:36:08,239 --> 00:36:10,400
Speaker 2: Yeah, it travels very easily. But on top of that,

678
00:36:10,440 --> 00:36:15,200
Speaker 2: butterflies are extremely sensitive to pesticides. So I don't know

679
00:36:15,239 --> 00:36:18,600
Speaker 2: about herbicides, but definitely pesticides, So if you are going

680
00:36:18,600 --> 00:36:20,800
Speaker 2: to plan a butterfly garden, you want to use natural

681
00:36:20,840 --> 00:36:24,000
Speaker 2: pest defenses. But that's a big thing that's killing off

682
00:36:24,040 --> 00:36:25,520
Speaker 2: butterflies and bees too.

683
00:36:26,480 --> 00:36:27,040
Speaker 1: Yeah.

684
00:36:27,080 --> 00:36:29,400
Speaker 2: And then also we talked about it in the last episode.

685
00:36:29,440 --> 00:36:31,919
Speaker 2: A lot of people think of caterpillars as pests. It's like, oh,

686
00:36:31,960 --> 00:36:33,960
Speaker 2: you ate some of them, I lettuce, I'm going to

687
00:36:34,080 --> 00:36:38,759
Speaker 2: kill all of you. That kills butterflies too. They never

688
00:36:38,800 --> 00:36:41,520
Speaker 2: make it to be adult butterflies, and you've just disrupted

689
00:36:41,560 --> 00:36:45,759
Speaker 2: generations of butterflies that could have been So when you

690
00:36:45,800 --> 00:36:48,920
Speaker 2: put all that together, humans have not been super good

691
00:36:48,920 --> 00:36:53,719
Speaker 2: for butterflies. Did you mention urbanization and roads too? Now

692
00:36:54,120 --> 00:36:56,960
Speaker 2: those are a problem. Like anytime we build somewhere, we

693
00:36:57,080 --> 00:36:59,880
Speaker 2: destroy plants, and those often are butterflies or that's a

694
00:37:00,000 --> 00:37:04,520
Speaker 2: butterfly habitat. And then the roads that we have, the

695
00:37:04,600 --> 00:37:07,640
Speaker 2: marginal land alongside of the roads are often like great

696
00:37:07,719 --> 00:37:12,799
Speaker 2: places for butterfly centric plants to grow. But that means

697
00:37:12,840 --> 00:37:14,960
Speaker 2: that the butterflies are very close to cars that are

698
00:37:14,960 --> 00:37:17,600
Speaker 2: going seventy eighty miles an hour, which is never good

699
00:37:17,640 --> 00:37:21,120
Speaker 2: for the butterfly when they come in contact with them. So, yeah,

700
00:37:21,160 --> 00:37:23,200
Speaker 2: like I was saying, humans have been kind of bad

701
00:37:23,239 --> 00:37:26,560
Speaker 2: for butterflies, but fortunately we're starting to wake up and

702
00:37:27,000 --> 00:37:30,640
Speaker 2: see the value in butterflies goes beyond like let's put

703
00:37:30,680 --> 00:37:33,600
Speaker 2: that thing on a stamp, Like, there's there's more value

704
00:37:33,600 --> 00:37:36,600
Speaker 2: to the butterfly than just its esthetic beauty. But that

705
00:37:36,680 --> 00:37:38,640
Speaker 2: makes it plenty valuable in and of itself.

706
00:37:39,440 --> 00:37:44,080
Speaker 1: I wonder if butterflies and other insects would ever if

707
00:37:44,160 --> 00:37:47,200
Speaker 1: natural selection would be such that they would learn to

708
00:37:47,280 --> 00:37:50,600
Speaker 1: fly higher than the height of an average car.

709
00:37:51,200 --> 00:37:53,759
Speaker 2: Sure, I could see that, but then they run into

710
00:37:53,760 --> 00:37:57,279
Speaker 2: semis and they're like, it's going to take millions more

711
00:37:57,400 --> 00:37:59,400
Speaker 2: years to get higher than a semi.

712
00:38:00,080 --> 00:38:01,080
Speaker 1: Yeah, that's a good point.

713
00:38:01,360 --> 00:38:04,600
Speaker 2: Maybe they'll figure out how to fly under cars very quickly.

714
00:38:05,080 --> 00:38:12,080
Speaker 1: Okay, that collecting butterflies is, believe it or not, another

715
00:38:12,160 --> 00:38:16,719
Speaker 1: thing that has hit the butterfly population. Butterfly collecting butterflies

716
00:38:16,800 --> 00:38:21,360
Speaker 1: is a thing. Hunting butterflies and putting them behind glass

717
00:38:21,400 --> 00:38:24,640
Speaker 1: in your office is a thing that some people are

718
00:38:24,640 --> 00:38:27,080
Speaker 1: really into. And I don't know a lot about that,

719
00:38:28,000 --> 00:38:32,560
Speaker 1: but I do know that that there are certain species

720
00:38:32,600 --> 00:38:36,840
Speaker 1: that are endangered, and part of the problem is over collecting.

721
00:38:36,920 --> 00:38:40,200
Speaker 2: Yeah, and the more rare a butterfly species gets, the

722
00:38:40,200 --> 00:38:44,719
Speaker 2: more desirable it is for collectors, and the more collecting

723
00:38:44,840 --> 00:38:48,920
Speaker 2: harms that population because it's so small. So or a burros,

724
00:38:49,000 --> 00:38:50,000
Speaker 2: but the worst kind.

725
00:38:50,800 --> 00:38:53,760
Speaker 1: Yeah, and I imagine we'll hear from some collectors who

726
00:38:54,520 --> 00:38:56,520
Speaker 1: who can tell us that there are responsible ways of

727
00:38:56,560 --> 00:38:58,600
Speaker 1: doing this. I really don't know enough about it to

728
00:38:58,600 --> 00:39:00,960
Speaker 1: speak to it, but I'm not gonna click butterflies, That's

729
00:39:00,960 --> 00:39:01,640
Speaker 1: all I'm gonna say.

730
00:39:02,520 --> 00:39:04,600
Speaker 2: Yeah, I wonder if it's one of those things like ivory,

731
00:39:04,640 --> 00:39:07,360
Speaker 2: where it's like, Okay, this happened, this is done, Like

732
00:39:07,400 --> 00:39:12,200
Speaker 2: these things are are out there and we're not just

733
00:39:12,239 --> 00:39:16,440
Speaker 2: gonna throw them away. That's an even bigger waste. So

734
00:39:17,040 --> 00:39:21,520
Speaker 2: like antique ivory or antique taxidermy, butterflies are legal, but

735
00:39:21,640 --> 00:39:24,799
Speaker 2: anything new is illegal. I wonder if it's treated like

736
00:39:24,880 --> 00:39:27,239
Speaker 2: that or what. But I get the impression that butterflies

737
00:39:27,239 --> 00:39:30,520
Speaker 2: don't have that much legal protection. I think they do

738
00:39:30,600 --> 00:39:33,440
Speaker 2: on paper, but it's very rarely enforced.

739
00:39:33,680 --> 00:39:36,439
Speaker 1: Yeah. I guess if you find one in the ground

740
00:39:36,520 --> 00:39:38,840
Speaker 1: or something that's uh, you know that for your collection.

741
00:39:39,719 --> 00:39:43,280
Speaker 1: Sure not sunning on a rock, but you know dead right.

742
00:39:43,239 --> 00:39:46,040
Speaker 2: Sure it just fell over of old age.

743
00:39:46,600 --> 00:39:49,960
Speaker 1: Uh, should we talk about butterfly gardens here at the end.

744
00:39:50,280 --> 00:39:53,840
Speaker 2: Yeah, because one of the things people are doing or saying, like, hey, butterflies,

745
00:39:53,880 --> 00:39:57,080
Speaker 2: we got to save these butterflies. If we don't, things

746
00:39:57,120 --> 00:39:59,799
Speaker 2: are gonna go pear shaped even more. And so people

747
00:39:59,840 --> 00:40:01,799
Speaker 2: are starting to plant butterfly gardens.

748
00:40:02,120 --> 00:40:04,360
Speaker 1: Yeah, because I think you said they're a big indicator

749
00:40:04,960 --> 00:40:08,160
Speaker 1: of like, if butterflies are dying off all around you,

750
00:40:08,200 --> 00:40:10,799
Speaker 1: that's a big indicator of how your local ecosystem is doing,

751
00:40:11,000 --> 00:40:11,800
Speaker 1: in large part.

752
00:40:11,680 --> 00:40:13,160
Speaker 2: The canary and the coal mine.

753
00:40:13,600 --> 00:40:17,000
Speaker 1: Yeah, exactly. And butterfly gardens are beautiful and it doesn't

754
00:40:17,000 --> 00:40:20,839
Speaker 1: take a lot. You need some plants, and you're gonna

755
00:40:20,840 --> 00:40:22,520
Speaker 1: want plants. Well, you're gonna want to find out what

756
00:40:22,600 --> 00:40:24,120
Speaker 1: kind of butterflies you have around you.

757
00:40:24,200 --> 00:40:24,839
Speaker 2: That's a big one.

758
00:40:25,560 --> 00:40:28,280
Speaker 1: You can look with your eyeballs and then cross reference,

759
00:40:28,400 --> 00:40:29,800
Speaker 1: or you can just look it up on the internet,

760
00:40:30,480 --> 00:40:31,719
Speaker 1: and then you want to find out what kind of

761
00:40:31,719 --> 00:40:34,680
Speaker 1: plants those butterflies love that are native to your area

762
00:40:35,280 --> 00:40:36,360
Speaker 1: and plant those.

763
00:40:36,800 --> 00:40:39,279
Speaker 2: Chuck. When I was researching this, all I wanted to

764
00:40:39,280 --> 00:40:41,399
Speaker 2: do was be done with this episode so I can

765
00:40:41,440 --> 00:40:42,080
Speaker 2: go garden.

766
00:40:42,800 --> 00:40:45,360
Speaker 1: Oh. I love that Emily's gardening. I'm looking at it

767
00:40:45,480 --> 00:40:47,200
Speaker 1: right now, is gardening outside?

768
00:40:47,239 --> 00:40:49,360
Speaker 2: Well, pound on your window and tell her I'm jealous

769
00:40:49,400 --> 00:40:49,680
Speaker 2: of her.

770
00:40:50,680 --> 00:40:53,160
Speaker 1: We got I put it on my Instagram. I don't

771
00:40:53,160 --> 00:40:56,240
Speaker 1: know if you saw it, but I saw a huge,

772
00:40:57,280 --> 00:41:00,160
Speaker 1: well it's not that big, but a hornet's nest in

773
00:41:00,200 --> 00:41:03,600
Speaker 1: our backyard yesterday. That is the coolest, most beautiful thing.

774
00:41:04,239 --> 00:41:07,479
Speaker 1: I'm kind of tucked in a magnolia branch about only

775
00:41:07,560 --> 00:41:10,120
Speaker 1: four feet off the ground. Yeah, And I'm glad I

776
00:41:10,120 --> 00:41:11,719
Speaker 1: saw it because I was about to go do some

777
00:41:12,200 --> 00:41:15,080
Speaker 1: trimming of my box woods right behind it in a

778
00:41:15,080 --> 00:41:17,440
Speaker 1: few days and I would have bumped right into that thing.

779
00:41:17,520 --> 00:41:18,200
Speaker 2: So, oh boy.

780
00:41:18,800 --> 00:41:21,440
Speaker 1: Now we're just going to steer clear of it until

781
00:41:21,560 --> 00:41:24,440
Speaker 1: it is out of season and then hopefully try and

782
00:41:24,440 --> 00:41:27,920
Speaker 1: preserve it. But hornets ness are so cool looking, and

783
00:41:27,960 --> 00:41:29,719
Speaker 1: I just love that we have one back there. We

784
00:41:29,760 --> 00:41:32,200
Speaker 1: got a crazy backyard full of all kinds of critters.

785
00:41:32,239 --> 00:41:35,320
Speaker 2: Does it look like a mummy's head? Sometimes it looks.

786
00:41:35,400 --> 00:41:38,600
Speaker 1: It looks like a sort of a mummy's head, But

787
00:41:38,920 --> 00:41:42,080
Speaker 1: if it was an alien mummy, because it's like top heavy,

788
00:41:42,719 --> 00:41:44,040
Speaker 1: and it looks like it has a little mouth at

789
00:41:44,040 --> 00:41:46,520
Speaker 1: the bottom. You know, their little door. Yeah, I'll send

790
00:41:46,560 --> 00:41:47,359
Speaker 1: you a picture, it's cool.

791
00:41:47,480 --> 00:41:49,879
Speaker 2: Yeah, or I can just go on Instagram like everybody else.

792
00:41:50,480 --> 00:41:52,520
Speaker 1: Now you get text privies.

793
00:41:52,640 --> 00:41:53,160
Speaker 2: Thanks man.

794
00:41:55,040 --> 00:41:57,719
Speaker 1: What else about the butterfly guarden? You need water, right, Yeah?

795
00:41:57,880 --> 00:42:01,080
Speaker 2: Remember they like to drink minerals from puddles, So if

796
00:42:01,080 --> 00:42:04,040
Speaker 2: you have a little bit of water dripping that forms

797
00:42:04,040 --> 00:42:06,319
Speaker 2: a puddle in the soil, that's definitely gonna help them.

798
00:42:06,520 --> 00:42:10,359
Speaker 2: You want rocks for them to sun on. A big one, Chuck,

799
00:42:10,440 --> 00:42:12,920
Speaker 2: is you want to use native plants. I know you

800
00:42:12,960 --> 00:42:15,160
Speaker 2: and Emily are like big into that, and I feel

801
00:42:15,200 --> 00:42:19,440
Speaker 2: like people, including myself, are really waking up to just

802
00:42:19,520 --> 00:42:23,719
Speaker 2: how bad for the local ecosystem like non native plants are,

803
00:42:24,560 --> 00:42:28,359
Speaker 2: and to use native plants whenever you can when you're

804
00:42:28,480 --> 00:42:33,040
Speaker 2: building a butterfly garden. It's crucial because even plants within

805
00:42:33,080 --> 00:42:36,719
Speaker 2: the same species can be harmful to butterflies. Yeah, and

806
00:42:36,800 --> 00:42:39,719
Speaker 2: I have an example if you'll allow me. Sure, So,

807
00:42:39,840 --> 00:42:43,880
Speaker 2: butterflies in Florida and Georgia in the southeast in general,

808
00:42:43,920 --> 00:42:47,240
Speaker 2: I think, are very very keen on what's called butterfly weed.

809
00:42:48,000 --> 00:42:52,840
Speaker 2: It's what monarchs love. It's that very tiny, multi flowered,

810
00:42:52,880 --> 00:42:58,840
Speaker 2: orange flowered weed. It's a type of milk weed. Okay, yeah,

811
00:42:58,880 --> 00:43:02,919
Speaker 2: that's native. There's another kind of milkweed called tropical milk

812
00:43:02,960 --> 00:43:05,239
Speaker 2: weed that does just fine in Florida and Georgia in

813
00:43:05,280 --> 00:43:08,720
Speaker 2: the southeast too, but it's not native. And the problem

814
00:43:08,760 --> 00:43:12,080
Speaker 2: with putting that in your butterfly garden into the Southeast

815
00:43:12,640 --> 00:43:16,879
Speaker 2: is that it blooms so late into the season that

816
00:43:17,360 --> 00:43:21,320
Speaker 2: butterflies will keep reproducing and entire parts of the population

817
00:43:21,400 --> 00:43:25,360
Speaker 2: will freeze to death because they've gone beyond their natural

818
00:43:25,640 --> 00:43:30,200
Speaker 2: reproductive window. And then furthermore, when the temperature drops a

819
00:43:30,200 --> 00:43:33,200
Speaker 2: little bit, they're more susceptible to a specific kind of

820
00:43:33,200 --> 00:43:38,520
Speaker 2: protozoan parasite called ot or oe I. Can't remember that

821
00:43:38,560 --> 00:43:40,719
Speaker 2: they wouldn't otherwise be if they were just on the

822
00:43:41,160 --> 00:43:45,000
Speaker 2: native milkweed rather than the tropical milkweed. So like, that's

823
00:43:45,000 --> 00:43:47,120
Speaker 2: how much attention you really should be paying to your

824
00:43:47,120 --> 00:43:50,319
Speaker 2: butterfly garden, because you can inadvertently harm them while you're

825
00:43:50,360 --> 00:43:52,480
Speaker 2: doing something you think is good for them, like putting

826
00:43:52,480 --> 00:43:55,920
Speaker 2: a butterfly bush out there. Everybody would think, like, that's great,

827
00:43:56,080 --> 00:43:58,000
Speaker 2: I'm gonna put a butterfly bush out and I can

828
00:43:58,160 --> 00:44:01,600
Speaker 2: pretty much call myself Gandhi from here on out the butterflies.

829
00:44:02,360 --> 00:44:04,360
Speaker 2: But it turns out you're harming them. So it's definitely

830
00:44:04,360 --> 00:44:06,880
Speaker 2: something that you need to take some research for. But

831
00:44:06,960 --> 00:44:09,920
Speaker 2: it's the kind of research that it's like an invitation

832
00:44:10,080 --> 00:44:12,799
Speaker 2: to go, like immerse yourself in the natural world in

833
00:44:12,920 --> 00:44:14,480
Speaker 2: all of the best ways.

834
00:44:14,800 --> 00:44:17,280
Speaker 1: Yeah. Boy, that butterfly weed is beautiful.

835
00:44:17,440 --> 00:44:20,360
Speaker 2: Yes it is, and it's native to Georgia. So you

836
00:44:20,520 --> 00:44:21,399
Speaker 2: just plan it all you.

837
00:44:21,480 --> 00:44:24,160
Speaker 1: Like, you know what, I'm gonna go tell Emily like, oh,

838
00:44:24,160 --> 00:44:26,040
Speaker 1: this butterfly milkweed and shes gonna be like it's right

839
00:44:26,040 --> 00:44:27,239
Speaker 1: behind you, coming right.

840
00:44:27,480 --> 00:44:29,439
Speaker 2: But it's not only a food source, it's a it's

841
00:44:29,480 --> 00:44:31,839
Speaker 2: like a place where monarchs lay their eggs. So you

842
00:44:31,920 --> 00:44:35,759
Speaker 2: will have butterflies like living in your garden. I mean

843
00:44:35,800 --> 00:44:37,920
Speaker 2: they'll fly to Mexico eventually, but they'll hang out there

844
00:44:37,960 --> 00:44:39,399
Speaker 2: for a while. Yeah.

845
00:44:39,440 --> 00:44:41,839
Speaker 1: I mean that's the cool thing about the butterfly garden too.

846
00:44:41,960 --> 00:44:44,319
Speaker 1: If you if you do it right, then you're you're

847
00:44:44,320 --> 00:44:47,200
Speaker 1: gonna have butterflies in your yard. And not only that,

848
00:44:47,280 --> 00:44:52,000
Speaker 1: but butterflies are gonna like word gets around and it'll

849
00:44:52,040 --> 00:44:55,680
Speaker 1: become a place for butterflies. It'll become like a haven

850
00:44:55,719 --> 00:44:58,480
Speaker 1: for butterflies, and they don't. They don't generally, I mean

851
00:44:58,520 --> 00:45:01,080
Speaker 1: the ones who migrate migrate. But other than that, you

852
00:45:01,120 --> 00:45:04,160
Speaker 1: could have you could have butterflies families living their whole

853
00:45:04,200 --> 00:45:05,400
Speaker 1: life back there in your backyard.

854
00:45:05,480 --> 00:45:08,520
Speaker 2: Yeah. And speaking of backyards, I've got a backyard. A

855
00:45:08,600 --> 00:45:11,840
Speaker 2: lower part of my backyard is kind of wild. I

856
00:45:11,960 --> 00:45:14,400
Speaker 2: keep it wild, like I don't know it very often,

857
00:45:14,440 --> 00:45:16,520
Speaker 2: and there's lots of weeds and like little clovers and

858
00:45:16,520 --> 00:45:19,400
Speaker 2: stuff growing. So I've left it there for the beds,

859
00:45:19,480 --> 00:45:21,600
Speaker 2: the birds and the bees and all that and the butterflies.

860
00:45:21,840 --> 00:45:24,680
Speaker 2: But I'm going full on, man, I'm going to let

861
00:45:24,800 --> 00:45:27,880
Speaker 2: Oh yes, it's gonna be all butterflies, like up to

862
00:45:27,960 --> 00:45:31,520
Speaker 2: your hips butterfly stuff. I cannot wait to go plan it.

863
00:45:31,520 --> 00:45:34,279
Speaker 2: It's I'm really looking forward to it because it's really

864
00:45:34,400 --> 00:45:36,480
Speaker 2: goes right up to the edge of some woods too,

865
00:45:36,600 --> 00:45:39,319
Speaker 2: so it's gonna be amazing.

866
00:45:40,160 --> 00:45:45,120
Speaker 1: Yeah, there's something we really love like leading green spaces

867
00:45:45,160 --> 00:45:49,279
Speaker 1: and making it an invitation for animals, you know, like

868
00:45:49,320 --> 00:45:51,120
Speaker 1: I got my camp up there in North Georgia, and

869
00:45:51,160 --> 00:45:54,719
Speaker 1: like all of North Georgia is just being torn down

870
00:45:54,719 --> 00:45:57,799
Speaker 1: for neighborhoods and and or and you know, if you're

871
00:45:57,800 --> 00:46:00,160
Speaker 1: a hunter. Let's fine that that's your thing. I'm not

872
00:46:00,239 --> 00:46:02,600
Speaker 1: into it. And we love that we have this acreage

873
00:46:02,960 --> 00:46:07,040
Speaker 1: where we're just like, tell your dear buddies this to

874
00:46:07,239 --> 00:46:09,960
Speaker 1: come to our land setup shop here. No one will

875
00:46:09,960 --> 00:46:13,040
Speaker 1: be shooting you, and spread the word everybody. We have.

876
00:46:13,160 --> 00:46:15,839
Speaker 1: We have a safe space for all you critters out here.

877
00:46:16,400 --> 00:46:19,960
Speaker 2: Yes, except for humans, because it's also a most dangerous

878
00:46:20,000 --> 00:46:21,600
Speaker 2: game type setup. You got going there?

879
00:46:21,640 --> 00:46:24,440
Speaker 1: Huh well sure the weekends.

880
00:46:24,960 --> 00:46:28,279
Speaker 2: Right. Let's see one more thing about butterflies. There is

881
00:46:28,320 --> 00:46:30,360
Speaker 2: an amazing fact that I think we can end on.

882
00:46:30,400 --> 00:46:32,040
Speaker 1: How about that, Let's do it.

883
00:46:32,920 --> 00:46:38,320
Speaker 2: They're frequently cited as inspiring the discovery of the RH

884
00:46:38,400 --> 00:46:41,480
Speaker 2: blood factor, which is a type of subtype of blood types,

885
00:46:42,400 --> 00:46:45,600
Speaker 2: and it actually cured what's known as Rhese's hemolytic disease,

886
00:46:46,120 --> 00:46:49,720
Speaker 2: which is where a baby has a positive RH blood

887
00:46:49,760 --> 00:46:52,360
Speaker 2: type and is born from a mother with a negative

888
00:46:52,480 --> 00:46:56,240
Speaker 2: RH blood type and its immune system starts attacking its blood.

889
00:46:56,680 --> 00:47:00,760
Speaker 2: Not good, but the discover of the R blood factor.

890
00:47:01,000 --> 00:47:03,319
Speaker 2: His name is Sir Cyril Clark, and he was big

891
00:47:03,360 --> 00:47:06,239
Speaker 2: time in the butterflies, and he was inspired by the

892
00:47:06,280 --> 00:47:12,040
Speaker 2: butterfly's ability to mimic other butterflies genetically, that they had

893
00:47:12,040 --> 00:47:14,360
Speaker 2: these what are called super genes, these big clusters of

894
00:47:14,440 --> 00:47:17,200
Speaker 2: genes that all produce this mimicry, and that we're refined

895
00:47:17,239 --> 00:47:19,640
Speaker 2: by smaller genes over time. And he was like, I

896
00:47:19,680 --> 00:47:23,360
Speaker 2: wonder if that has to do with blood types and diseases,

897
00:47:23,400 --> 00:47:26,879
Speaker 2: and in fact, it was Oh, wow, yeah, so butterflies,

898
00:47:27,160 --> 00:47:33,080
Speaker 2: super useful, super beautiful. Go cut down your butterfly bush today. Amazing,

899
00:47:33,800 --> 00:47:36,160
Speaker 2: Chuck said, amazing. So that means it's time for listener

900
00:47:36,200 --> 00:47:39,520
Speaker 2: mail everybody.

901
00:47:40,080 --> 00:47:46,480
Speaker 1: I'm gonna call this our influence on Spotify. Perhaps, Hey, guys,

902
00:47:46,520 --> 00:47:48,880
Speaker 1: I was wondering, wondering if you were aware of your

903
00:47:48,880 --> 00:47:52,360
Speaker 1: potential impact on Spotify searches. On the Milli Vanilli episode,

904
00:47:52,400 --> 00:47:55,279
Speaker 1: Josh mentioned the song owner of a Lonely Heart by

905
00:47:55,360 --> 00:47:57,960
Speaker 1: Yes being the best song of the eighties, And in

906
00:47:58,000 --> 00:47:59,879
Speaker 1: my head, I'm like, I'm not sure what that song

907
00:47:59,960 --> 00:48:03,040
Speaker 1: is is, but I said it out loud and immediately

908
00:48:03,080 --> 00:48:05,279
Speaker 1: the chorus popped into my head. So I go over

909
00:48:05,600 --> 00:48:08,319
Speaker 1: to listen to it later on Spotify. I see a

910
00:48:08,360 --> 00:48:11,160
Speaker 1: ton of covers for it, and I see Millie Vanilli

911
00:48:11,239 --> 00:48:14,040
Speaker 1: is also in the search results, which was going to

912
00:48:14,080 --> 00:48:16,879
Speaker 1: be my next search. So I think you guys may

913
00:48:16,920 --> 00:48:19,840
Speaker 1: have had enough people searching Owner of a Lonely Heart

914
00:48:19,840 --> 00:48:24,080
Speaker 1: and Millie Vanilly close together so that the algorithm associated

915
00:48:24,080 --> 00:48:27,040
Speaker 1: those two. That's awesome because other than the time period,

916
00:48:27,080 --> 00:48:28,200
Speaker 1: it's not similar music.

917
00:48:28,239 --> 00:48:29,920
Speaker 2: You know, No, I would say not.

918
00:48:31,000 --> 00:48:33,120
Speaker 1: Maybe do a test to mention two unrelated songs for

919
00:48:33,239 --> 00:48:38,239
Speaker 1: something to see what happens. Oh boy, should we try it?

920
00:48:39,840 --> 00:48:43,040
Speaker 2: Yeah, let's mix Sabbath and you pick the other one.

921
00:48:43,960 --> 00:48:50,000
Speaker 1: Okay, So Black Sabbath, you name a song specifically, Warpigs. Okay, Warpigs. Hey, everybody,

922
00:48:50,040 --> 00:48:52,120
Speaker 1: if you haven't heard Warpigs, you should go search it

923
00:48:52,160 --> 00:48:55,600
Speaker 1: on Spotify. Give it a listen. It's a great song.

924
00:48:56,440 --> 00:49:00,400
Speaker 1: And while you're at it, I don't know if you've

925
00:49:00,440 --> 00:49:02,560
Speaker 1: ever heard Barry Manilow's Chuck.

926
00:49:02,800 --> 00:49:06,680
Speaker 2: I was going to suggest Barry Manilo I had it.

927
00:49:06,719 --> 00:49:08,800
Speaker 1: Well, I had a fifty to fifty chance there. I

928
00:49:08,800 --> 00:49:10,640
Speaker 1: don't know if you've ever heard the Barry Manilo song

929
00:49:12,040 --> 00:49:16,080
Speaker 1: even Now, but it's a classic Barry Manilo song. And

930
00:49:16,440 --> 00:49:18,440
Speaker 1: everyone should just go search those two on Spotify.

931
00:49:18,560 --> 00:49:21,759
Speaker 2: So war Pigs and even Now by Black Sabbath and

932
00:49:21,840 --> 00:49:24,760
Speaker 2: Barry Manilo, Let's see what happens. Let's see what happened.

933
00:49:24,800 --> 00:49:26,800
Speaker 2: That was a great experiment. Who was that from?

934
00:49:27,080 --> 00:49:30,960
Speaker 1: That was from Corey and I just want to give

935
00:49:31,000 --> 00:49:34,000
Speaker 1: Corey's to side notes. Saw you guys for the Andre

936
00:49:34,120 --> 00:49:38,240
Speaker 1: the Giant Live in Chicago episode. I also saw Josh's

937
00:49:38,280 --> 00:49:41,319
Speaker 1: Into the World Live in Chicago when you tour that

938
00:49:41,480 --> 00:49:44,600
Speaker 1: your short series. That was so great and I really

939
00:49:44,719 --> 00:49:47,759
Speaker 1: enjoy that. Josh walked by on his way in when

940
00:49:47,800 --> 00:49:51,440
Speaker 1: we were outside and patted my friend Sam on the shoulder,

941
00:49:52,480 --> 00:49:55,560
Speaker 1: and he's definitely mentioned that several times since then.

942
00:49:55,840 --> 00:49:56,480
Speaker 2: That's awesome.

943
00:49:57,280 --> 00:49:59,840
Speaker 1: So that's from Corey and you patted Sam on the shoulder.

944
00:50:00,040 --> 00:50:01,480
Speaker 1: I think that mean launch say.

945
00:50:01,360 --> 00:50:03,320
Speaker 2: Yeah, thanks for coming to see me, Sam and Corey.

946
00:50:03,560 --> 00:50:07,400
Speaker 2: It was a fun show. Actually, let's see if you

947
00:50:07,440 --> 00:50:10,239
Speaker 2: want to let us know how this experiment pans out.

948
00:50:10,360 --> 00:50:14,200
Speaker 2: Corey's experiment is what we're gonna call it Corey's choice.

949
00:50:14,239 --> 00:50:18,480
Speaker 2: How about that love it? No, let's call it a

950
00:50:20,640 --> 00:50:25,040
Speaker 2: Corey's song rather than Brian's song. Oh okay, okay, no,

951
00:50:25,360 --> 00:50:28,279
Speaker 2: Corey can wait perfect Okay.

952
00:50:28,840 --> 00:50:30,840
Speaker 1: So oh no, but how about Corey's in Charge?

953
00:50:31,000 --> 00:50:33,759
Speaker 2: Okay, that's a good one. That's perfect. We're gonna end

954
00:50:33,760 --> 00:50:36,440
Speaker 2: on that. If you want to let us know how

955
00:50:36,440 --> 00:50:39,440
Speaker 2: the Corey's in Charge experiment goes, but we'd love to

956
00:50:39,440 --> 00:50:41,880
Speaker 2: hear from you, you can send us an email to

957
00:50:41,960 --> 00:50:46,160
Speaker 2: Stuff podcast at iHeartRadio dot com.

958
00:50:47,760 --> 00:50:50,640
Speaker 1: Stuff you Should Know is a production of iHeartRadio. For

959
00:50:50,719 --> 00:50:54,880
Speaker 1: more podcasts my heart Radio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts,

960
00:50:55,000 --> 00:51:01,800
Speaker 1: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.