1 00:00:00,040 --> 00:00:13,119 Speaker 1: M what's starving my refugee population with zoid product. Jesus, Jesus, 2 00:00:12,560 --> 00:00:18,479 Speaker 1: what a mess. Oh my god, Fuck Chris, you gotta 3 00:00:18,560 --> 00:00:20,320 Speaker 1: you gotta pull me out of this tails. Then we're 4 00:00:20,360 --> 00:00:24,920 Speaker 1: on a starting on a terrible, terrible note. Here. Yeah, 5 00:00:25,000 --> 00:00:29,520 Speaker 1: we're it's okay, We're we're, We're We're back, Part two, 6 00:00:29,800 --> 00:00:34,280 Speaker 1: Part two, The Rise of the Working Class. We're we're back, 7 00:00:34,320 --> 00:00:37,400 Speaker 1: and we're back. We're back in warlords with hell fucking 8 00:00:37,479 --> 00:00:40,440 Speaker 1: everybody gotta dick the size of a bunch of coins, 9 00:00:40,520 --> 00:00:46,600 Speaker 1: just just a radi war criminal. And now we're gonna 10 00:00:46,600 --> 00:00:50,720 Speaker 1: watch an awful part. Okay, good god, he does have 11 00:00:50,800 --> 00:00:53,159 Speaker 1: it coming. He does have it. I like his I 12 00:00:53,200 --> 00:00:56,440 Speaker 1: like his hotspah. But yeah, he's got it coming. Thrilled 13 00:00:56,440 --> 00:00:59,160 Speaker 1: to hear that we are going to fuck him up. 14 00:00:59,600 --> 00:01:04,759 Speaker 1: Let's go out, let's have his upants come first, We're 15 00:01:04,760 --> 00:01:06,880 Speaker 1: gonna first. We're gonna sunk up a lot of other people. 16 00:01:07,280 --> 00:01:14,800 Speaker 1: So yeah. On May nineteenth, a group of eight factory 17 00:01:14,840 --> 00:01:18,240 Speaker 1: delegates representing striking workers at a Japanese controlled cotton plant 18 00:01:18,240 --> 00:01:20,520 Speaker 1: in Shanghai met with their opposite number from the factory 19 00:01:20,600 --> 00:01:24,000 Speaker 1: to discussed the workers demands. A brawl broke out in 20 00:01:24,000 --> 00:01:27,480 Speaker 1: a Japanese foreman murdered a well established labor organizer, and 21 00:01:27,520 --> 00:01:31,120 Speaker 1: the resulting fight injured the other seven delegates. Now this 22 00:01:31,800 --> 00:01:34,720 Speaker 1: you know, for very obvious reasons, Piste off Shanghai's unions, 23 00:01:34,840 --> 00:01:37,840 Speaker 1: and ten thousand workers, which was at that point one 24 00:01:37,880 --> 00:01:40,880 Speaker 1: of the largest demonstrations of workers in Shanghai's history, showed 25 00:01:40,959 --> 00:01:46,679 Speaker 1: up to his memorial service. On Now, protesters marched on 26 00:01:46,720 --> 00:01:49,080 Speaker 1: a police station that had arrested some of their comrades 27 00:01:49,080 --> 00:01:52,800 Speaker 1: in and when they got to the station, the British 28 00:01:52,880 --> 00:01:56,160 Speaker 1: police opened fire into the crowd. When the slaughter was over, 29 00:01:56,480 --> 00:01:58,800 Speaker 1: ten Chinese men, women, and children lay dead on the 30 00:01:58,800 --> 00:02:03,640 Speaker 1: street to Shanghai. Another fifty were wounded. This moment, on 31 00:02:03,720 --> 00:02:08,320 Speaker 1: this crowded street in Shanghai changed everything. Budgin, the great 32 00:02:08,400 --> 00:02:13,639 Speaker 1: Chinese novelist and anarchist, wrote this description of a student's 33 00:02:13,639 --> 00:02:18,040 Speaker 1: reaction to the slaughter in Shanghai. Quote at the entrance 34 00:02:18,080 --> 00:02:20,400 Speaker 1: to Yunon Road, he saw the child who had been 35 00:02:20,440 --> 00:02:24,240 Speaker 1: killed a short while before, he thought about half an 36 00:02:24,280 --> 00:02:26,959 Speaker 1: hour ago. The crowd was marching peacefully towards the police 37 00:02:27,000 --> 00:02:29,400 Speaker 1: station to ask the police to set free students who 38 00:02:29,400 --> 00:02:32,960 Speaker 1: have been unjustly arrested. They thought the police were human 39 00:02:33,000 --> 00:02:36,440 Speaker 1: beings endowed with reason and human sympathy, that human blood 40 00:02:36,480 --> 00:02:41,760 Speaker 1: flood in their veins. They thought that uniforms and weapons 41 00:02:41,800 --> 00:02:45,320 Speaker 1: could not have destroyed their human nature. But reality proved 42 00:02:45,320 --> 00:02:48,519 Speaker 1: they were bloodthirsty beasts. On the most crowded street of 43 00:02:48,560 --> 00:02:51,560 Speaker 1: the city, they deliberately slaughtered on armed people. For this, 44 00:02:51,639 --> 00:02:55,120 Speaker 1: there was no precedent in Chinese history. The imperialist depression 45 00:02:55,160 --> 00:02:57,720 Speaker 1: that had endured for so many years ached like a 46 00:02:57,760 --> 00:03:01,640 Speaker 1: deep wound in his heart. He's gold Inwardly, he felt 47 00:03:01,680 --> 00:03:04,360 Speaker 1: the time for patience was over. He felt he wanted 48 00:03:04,400 --> 00:03:07,120 Speaker 1: to spill his blood, to sacrifice his young life, that 49 00:03:07,200 --> 00:03:09,200 Speaker 1: he might show then not all among his people were 50 00:03:09,280 --> 00:03:11,840 Speaker 1: lambs that allowed themselves to be led without resistance to 51 00:03:11,880 --> 00:03:14,959 Speaker 1: the slaughter. He looked again at the corpse of the 52 00:03:15,040 --> 00:03:19,160 Speaker 1: murdered child. His eyes shone with fire. His whole body 53 00:03:19,200 --> 00:03:23,799 Speaker 1: began to burn, as though on fire. His heart beat violently. Now, 54 00:03:24,080 --> 00:03:25,560 Speaker 1: I think this is a feeling that all of us 55 00:03:25,639 --> 00:03:30,000 Speaker 1: know now, just the sheer, breathtaking rage of seeing the 56 00:03:30,000 --> 00:03:33,359 Speaker 1: police murder a child, seeing a child's corpse lying dead 57 00:03:33,400 --> 00:03:37,760 Speaker 1: on the pavement, And that is that is now a 58 00:03:37,880 --> 00:03:42,280 Speaker 1: universal thing for sure, and I want to pause on 59 00:03:42,320 --> 00:03:44,760 Speaker 1: that feeling for a second. I want to pause on 60 00:03:44,800 --> 00:03:47,400 Speaker 1: the rage, on the grief, on the sort of the 61 00:03:47,480 --> 00:03:50,040 Speaker 1: raw and mounting horror of the realization at the copsmer 62 00:03:50,240 --> 00:03:53,640 Speaker 1: kids in the street. And I want you to hold 63 00:03:53,640 --> 00:03:56,520 Speaker 1: onto those emotions because there's been an enormous effort to 64 00:03:56,520 --> 00:03:59,600 Speaker 1: get Westerners to think that Chinese people are fundamentally different 65 00:03:59,640 --> 00:04:03,320 Speaker 1: than they are, That Chinese people are inherently authoritarian, that 66 00:04:03,360 --> 00:04:06,360 Speaker 1: we're all bound by a sort of traditional Confucian hierarchy 67 00:04:06,400 --> 00:04:08,600 Speaker 1: that we all follow reflectively, that that it's baked into 68 00:04:08,640 --> 00:04:10,640 Speaker 1: our culture, and even at the most extreme cases, are 69 00:04:10,680 --> 00:04:13,840 Speaker 1: genetics at a level that makes us fundamentally different than 70 00:04:13,840 --> 00:04:17,960 Speaker 1: the quote unquote freedom loving people of the West. And 71 00:04:18,400 --> 00:04:21,400 Speaker 1: I want you to think about that student staring at 72 00:04:21,400 --> 00:04:25,520 Speaker 1: a child's corpse in a bloody street in Shanghai, and 73 00:04:25,560 --> 00:04:27,120 Speaker 1: I want you to think about how he felt the 74 00:04:27,160 --> 00:04:30,680 Speaker 1: same despair, the same grief, the same rage that we do. 75 00:04:31,600 --> 00:04:34,680 Speaker 1: And I want you to remember this single lesson without 76 00:04:34,680 --> 00:04:38,839 Speaker 1: which you cannot understands what is about to happen. They're 77 00:04:38,920 --> 00:04:44,680 Speaker 1: like us, and they fought like hell immediately after two 78 00:04:44,760 --> 00:04:48,119 Speaker 1: hundred thousand workers joined the larger general strike in Shanghai's history. 79 00:04:49,000 --> 00:04:52,560 Speaker 1: The next day, the communist labor organizers founded Shanghai's General 80 00:04:52,640 --> 00:04:55,719 Speaker 1: Labor Union, or the g l U. Hundred and seventeen 81 00:04:55,800 --> 00:04:59,680 Speaker 1: unions join. Almost immediately, every part of Shanghai society moves. 82 00:05:00,320 --> 00:05:03,160 Speaker 1: Chinese business owners so outraged at the imperialist murders that 83 00:05:03,240 --> 00:05:05,840 Speaker 1: for a second the class abandoned them, contributed to the 84 00:05:05,880 --> 00:05:08,880 Speaker 1: strike funds, and took those streets themselves. So did Shanghai 85 00:05:08,920 --> 00:05:13,760 Speaker 1: is incredibly powerful organized crime gangs, the Green and Red gangs. 86 00:05:14,760 --> 00:05:16,599 Speaker 1: We're we're going to get into more of them. A 87 00:05:16,680 --> 00:05:20,240 Speaker 1: bit um. Chong Jung Chong and Chong Ju Ling sent 88 00:05:20,320 --> 00:05:23,080 Speaker 1: troops to suppress the uprising, but even their troops couldn't 89 00:05:23,120 --> 00:05:25,040 Speaker 1: hold the city against the power of the entirety of 90 00:05:25,120 --> 00:05:28,680 Speaker 1: Chinese Shanghai. A new force had taken the stage of 91 00:05:28,760 --> 00:05:31,880 Speaker 1: Chinese history, the Chinese working class, and had driven all 92 00:05:31,920 --> 00:05:33,960 Speaker 1: other classes into the streets and pitched them into open 93 00:05:33,960 --> 00:05:37,080 Speaker 1: battle with the police and the warlords. It had in 94 00:05:37,120 --> 00:05:41,039 Speaker 1: a single day, transformed Shanghai from the playground of the British, French, 95 00:05:41,160 --> 00:05:49,680 Speaker 1: Japanese imperialist into the capital of the Chinese working class. Now, yeah, Robert, 96 00:05:49,680 --> 00:05:51,080 Speaker 1: I don't I don't know if you if you've read 97 00:05:51,120 --> 00:05:54,240 Speaker 1: anything about Shanghai, there's anything about any large city that 98 00:05:54,279 --> 00:05:59,360 Speaker 1: was written by a British dude before about They inevitably 99 00:05:59,400 --> 00:06:02,920 Speaker 1: call any sort of large city in the East that 100 00:06:03,040 --> 00:06:07,640 Speaker 1: the Paris of the Orient. Now Shanghai is one of 101 00:06:07,680 --> 00:06:11,800 Speaker 1: the cities that's famously called this and on mat the 102 00:06:11,839 --> 00:06:16,080 Speaker 1: meeting of those words changed completely. This uprising Shanghai, you know, 103 00:06:16,360 --> 00:06:19,599 Speaker 1: did finally become the twentieth centuries Paris in that after 104 00:06:19,720 --> 00:06:21,560 Speaker 1: made the thirtieth it was to go into full scale 105 00:06:21,640 --> 00:06:26,480 Speaker 1: armed revolt five more times. The twentieth century. Shanghai's working class, Yeah, 106 00:06:26,520 --> 00:06:28,600 Speaker 1: in every way, the equal, even the superiors of the 107 00:06:28,600 --> 00:06:32,080 Speaker 1: Parisian mobs would single handedly drive the warlords and nationalists 108 00:06:32,080 --> 00:06:36,400 Speaker 1: and the communist alike from the city. Yeah, yeah, there, 109 00:06:36,560 --> 00:06:39,960 Speaker 1: it is incredibly impressive. Yeah, they just had no idea 110 00:06:40,000 --> 00:06:42,400 Speaker 1: any of this had happened. Actually, yeah, it's it's it's 111 00:06:42,400 --> 00:06:45,880 Speaker 1: really this is one of like sort of the lost 112 00:06:45,880 --> 00:06:47,640 Speaker 1: stories of the twentieth century, which is which is the 113 00:06:47,680 --> 00:06:53,600 Speaker 1: story of Shanghai. Just Shanghai becoming indisputedly the world's great 114 00:06:53,640 --> 00:06:55,760 Speaker 1: revolutionary city in the way that sort of Paris was 115 00:06:55,760 --> 00:06:59,279 Speaker 1: in the ninetdreds. And this is because it starts because 116 00:06:59,279 --> 00:07:01,920 Speaker 1: of fucking pop kills a kid, yep. And and I 117 00:07:01,960 --> 00:07:05,039 Speaker 1: think and I think that's a as an entry point. 118 00:07:05,040 --> 00:07:07,839 Speaker 1: It is helpful because you know, there there there's a 119 00:07:07,839 --> 00:07:11,480 Speaker 1: tendency to sort of to to turn this whole period 120 00:07:11,480 --> 00:07:13,760 Speaker 1: into something that was like inevitable by class forces or 121 00:07:13,760 --> 00:07:16,160 Speaker 1: whatever that you know, this is some kind of weird 122 00:07:16,280 --> 00:07:18,720 Speaker 1: historical object or that like the communists from behind all 123 00:07:18,720 --> 00:07:21,880 Speaker 1: of this, and it's like no people, people, people go 124 00:07:21,880 --> 00:07:24,320 Speaker 1: on strike, people in the streets because they watched, like 125 00:07:24,400 --> 00:07:27,240 Speaker 1: they sold the physical bodies of children in the streets 126 00:07:27,240 --> 00:07:30,240 Speaker 1: that have been killed by the police. Yeah, and these 127 00:07:30,240 --> 00:07:33,160 Speaker 1: had all been people who had been dealing with um 128 00:07:33,240 --> 00:07:35,840 Speaker 1: Jung and his bullshit and the other warlords and the 129 00:07:35,960 --> 00:07:38,600 Speaker 1: violence and brutality that they carried out for a while. 130 00:07:38,840 --> 00:07:41,800 Speaker 1: And it just I guess seeing a dead kid, you know, 131 00:07:41,840 --> 00:07:43,920 Speaker 1: there is something like that that like you're just like, well, 132 00:07:44,640 --> 00:07:46,800 Speaker 1: this is too much, Like I've been putted too far, 133 00:07:46,880 --> 00:07:48,720 Speaker 1: We've all been pushed too far. It's time to fux 134 00:07:48,720 --> 00:07:50,960 Speaker 1: some ship up. Yeah. And the other thing about this 135 00:07:51,000 --> 00:07:54,240 Speaker 1: that I think is really important is that the they're 136 00:07:54,280 --> 00:07:58,760 Speaker 1: not killed by like Chinese police or Chinese soldiers. These 137 00:07:58,800 --> 00:08:02,560 Speaker 1: are originally it's a Japanese foreman and then it's it's 138 00:08:02,560 --> 00:08:08,360 Speaker 1: British police, and that part of it just like it 139 00:08:08,560 --> 00:08:12,240 Speaker 1: drives well, I mean, what we can you know, it 140 00:08:12,800 --> 00:08:16,800 Speaker 1: starts this revolt that just spreads like wildfire. And you know, 141 00:08:17,040 --> 00:08:20,400 Speaker 1: within a couple of days there's a huge protest another 142 00:08:20,440 --> 00:08:22,560 Speaker 1: city near Shanghai, and the British open fire into the 143 00:08:22,600 --> 00:08:25,680 Speaker 1: crowds with machine guns. They kill another eight people Jesus 144 00:08:26,000 --> 00:08:27,840 Speaker 1: and this, yeah, this brings more people in the street 145 00:08:27,880 --> 00:08:31,040 Speaker 1: with with it wasin three days, the revolt spreads to 146 00:08:31,120 --> 00:08:33,880 Speaker 1: the north and there's thirty thousand students and workers on 147 00:08:33,920 --> 00:08:38,040 Speaker 1: strike and Beijing. In nearby Tungin, there's two hundred thousand 148 00:08:38,080 --> 00:08:40,800 Speaker 1: people show up to a protest and Tungeon this is 149 00:08:40,840 --> 00:08:44,080 Speaker 1: the center of the power of the warlord armies and 150 00:08:44,280 --> 00:08:47,679 Speaker 1: it's there in August that the movement sees his first 151 00:08:47,720 --> 00:08:52,200 Speaker 1: real defeat uncture lyings armies working with British intelligence. And 152 00:08:52,240 --> 00:08:55,960 Speaker 1: this is this is another thing. So so there's a 153 00:08:55,960 --> 00:08:59,040 Speaker 1: complicated relationship between the imperialist powers and the various warlords 154 00:09:00,120 --> 00:09:05,280 Speaker 1: they'll they'll sort of back factions. Dru Lings very often 155 00:09:05,320 --> 00:09:07,079 Speaker 1: accused of being a sort of like a stooge of 156 00:09:07,080 --> 00:09:10,640 Speaker 1: the Japanese imperialists, and it's not quite true, like he 157 00:09:10,800 --> 00:09:12,160 Speaker 1: is supported by them, but he just sort of like 158 00:09:12,200 --> 00:09:14,760 Speaker 1: disobeys them. But the one thing that happens immediately is 159 00:09:14,760 --> 00:09:17,840 Speaker 1: at any time one of these strikes happens, like all 160 00:09:17,880 --> 00:09:19,560 Speaker 1: of the warlords and all of the sort of imperial 161 00:09:19,640 --> 00:09:24,000 Speaker 1: powers just like a lock step. And yeah, in August, 162 00:09:25,400 --> 00:09:28,000 Speaker 1: du Ling's armies and a certain group of white Russian 163 00:09:28,000 --> 00:09:31,360 Speaker 1: mercenaries with whom we are now all familiar, retake the 164 00:09:31,400 --> 00:09:34,480 Speaker 1: city and slaughter dozens of workers. But even this doesn't 165 00:09:34,480 --> 00:09:37,240 Speaker 1: stop the revolt, and it continues to spread into the south. 166 00:09:37,880 --> 00:09:40,520 Speaker 1: Um in the nationalist heartland and Guangzhou in the very 167 00:09:40,559 --> 00:09:43,480 Speaker 1: far south, were workers massed on the border with British 168 00:09:43,520 --> 00:09:46,240 Speaker 1: occupied Hong Kong. The workers of Hong Kong rush to 169 00:09:46,360 --> 00:09:49,959 Speaker 1: join them. Now, now Hong Kong is somewhat unique among 170 00:09:50,040 --> 00:09:53,480 Speaker 1: Chinese cities in this period in that it's it's there. 171 00:09:53,559 --> 00:09:55,360 Speaker 1: There have been general strikes going on in Hong Kong, 172 00:09:55,720 --> 00:10:00,000 Speaker 1: I mean since the eighteen hundreds UM, and just three 173 00:10:00,040 --> 00:10:02,560 Speaker 1: years before this there's something called there's there's a massive 174 00:10:02,600 --> 00:10:06,680 Speaker 1: seamen strike, and I found this sort of yeah, yeah, yeah, 175 00:10:06,679 --> 00:10:08,000 Speaker 1: I was, I was just I was just gonna go 176 00:10:08,040 --> 00:10:14,600 Speaker 1: past it. What I wrote that I knew was gonna happen. Yeah, yeah. 177 00:10:14,840 --> 00:10:17,199 Speaker 1: I found this this great description of it lipcom Thow, 178 00:10:17,240 --> 00:10:19,600 Speaker 1: which which I think is also useful to to understand 179 00:10:19,640 --> 00:10:23,160 Speaker 1: the effects of the later strikes. And so it goes 180 00:10:24,280 --> 00:10:27,960 Speaker 1: disaster for the bosses. Not only rail workers and Stevedor's, 181 00:10:27,960 --> 00:10:31,480 Speaker 1: but baker's, cooks, clerks, coolies and servants joined the strike. 182 00:10:32,080 --> 00:10:34,079 Speaker 1: The ruling class now had to cook its own food 183 00:10:34,120 --> 00:10:36,640 Speaker 1: and que to buy it. No clothes were washed, no 184 00:10:36,760 --> 00:10:41,319 Speaker 1: shirts were ironed. Ministers had to wander government buildings delivering 185 00:10:41,320 --> 00:10:43,520 Speaker 1: their own messages, but there was no one to carry 186 00:10:43,520 --> 00:10:46,640 Speaker 1: out their orders. The army was called out and commandeered 187 00:10:46,640 --> 00:10:50,719 Speaker 1: food and vehicles. Workers were pressed into forced labor. Was 188 00:10:50,760 --> 00:10:53,559 Speaker 1: their workforce disappearing. The boss has banned anyone from leaving 189 00:10:53,559 --> 00:10:55,839 Speaker 1: Hong Kong, which meant no one could visit the graves 190 00:10:55,880 --> 00:10:59,400 Speaker 1: of their ancestors in China, a fearful thing. A freedom 191 00:10:59,400 --> 00:11:02,840 Speaker 1: march against the band led to confrontation right and massacre 192 00:11:03,440 --> 00:11:06,640 Speaker 1: with a colony descending into dare we say it, anarchy, 193 00:11:07,160 --> 00:11:10,640 Speaker 1: government crumbling, and business losses mounting. Merchants lost five hundred 194 00:11:10,720 --> 00:11:14,079 Speaker 1: million dollars between the strike, a massive sum. The boss 195 00:11:14,120 --> 00:11:18,840 Speaker 1: is capitulated. Now that strike had had I think about 196 00:11:18,840 --> 00:11:21,960 Speaker 1: a hundred thousand people in it, and it pales in 197 00:11:22,000 --> 00:11:29,000 Speaker 1: comparison to what's going to happen now. Um on, this 198 00:11:29,040 --> 00:11:30,640 Speaker 1: is this is the beginning of what's called the Canton 199 00:11:30,720 --> 00:11:36,360 Speaker 1: Hong Kong strike. On June, British police officers open fire 200 00:11:36,400 --> 00:11:38,800 Speaker 1: into a crowd of a hundred and thirty thousands. They 201 00:11:38,840 --> 00:11:44,120 Speaker 1: killed fifty two people, Yeah, including four children younger than sixteen. Yeah, 202 00:11:44,400 --> 00:11:48,280 Speaker 1: this is this is this is surprise bastard imperialism. Yeah, 203 00:11:48,360 --> 00:11:53,640 Speaker 1: I mean yeah, it always finds its way in yep. Yeah, 204 00:11:53,679 --> 00:11:56,560 Speaker 1: And that is a very British thing, just firing into 205 00:11:56,559 --> 00:12:00,199 Speaker 1: a crowd of thousands of people with yep. Yeah, they 206 00:12:00,240 --> 00:12:06,240 Speaker 1: did a lot of that. Um yeah, okay, totally scans yep. 207 00:12:06,440 --> 00:12:09,840 Speaker 1: And the workers in Hong Kong respond with the city's 208 00:12:09,840 --> 00:12:13,640 Speaker 1: longest general strike. Two fifty thou workers just they just 209 00:12:13,800 --> 00:12:17,120 Speaker 1: leave the city for guang Sho, which you know brings 210 00:12:17,160 --> 00:12:18,760 Speaker 1: all of Hong Kong ko a stand still. Because almost 211 00:12:18,800 --> 00:12:21,040 Speaker 1: their entire labor force it's just gone, like they did 212 00:12:21,040 --> 00:12:24,120 Speaker 1: just leave. Um, there's further there's there's a kind of 213 00:12:24,440 --> 00:12:26,600 Speaker 1: yeah yeah, And the everything to do is there's this 214 00:12:26,640 --> 00:12:29,880 Speaker 1: board kott of British goods that reduces British revenue in 215 00:12:29,880 --> 00:12:35,720 Speaker 1: the city by forty and this last for sixteen months, 216 00:12:35,800 --> 00:12:39,320 Speaker 1: and the only reason Hong Kong survives is that, like 217 00:12:39,720 --> 00:12:41,800 Speaker 1: basically the only thing the UK government is doing in 218 00:12:41,800 --> 00:12:44,400 Speaker 1: this period is just shipping these massive bailout packages to 219 00:12:44,440 --> 00:12:46,920 Speaker 1: Hong Kong. Now, I know I mentioned earlier that there 220 00:12:47,000 --> 00:12:50,000 Speaker 1: was massive protests in Tungjin, and those are the first, 221 00:12:50,240 --> 00:12:52,080 Speaker 1: that's the first movement to go down after sort of 222 00:12:52,080 --> 00:12:55,720 Speaker 1: warlord truth movement to suppress it. But what's interesting about 223 00:12:55,760 --> 00:12:57,520 Speaker 1: what happens in the rest of the country is that 224 00:12:57,559 --> 00:13:00,360 Speaker 1: for the most part, these strikes aren't put down by 225 00:13:00,360 --> 00:13:03,520 Speaker 1: the warlords at all. And so to understand why, we 226 00:13:03,679 --> 00:13:07,320 Speaker 1: to look at sort of the class composition of these movements. UM, 227 00:13:07,640 --> 00:13:10,320 Speaker 1: at the beginning of of the May thirtie movement, which 228 00:13:10,360 --> 00:13:11,920 Speaker 1: is what this whole wave of unrest comes to be 229 00:13:11,960 --> 00:13:16,280 Speaker 1: known after the thirty massacre, you have a really solid 230 00:13:16,320 --> 00:13:18,959 Speaker 1: alliance of you know, everyone in Chinese society, and I mean, 231 00:13:19,000 --> 00:13:22,240 Speaker 1: like everyone is piste off about the British soldiers just 232 00:13:22,280 --> 00:13:25,080 Speaker 1: like slaughtering children in the street, and it produces this 233 00:13:25,200 --> 00:13:28,800 Speaker 1: really unwieldly alliance of workers, business owners, and organized crime 234 00:13:29,480 --> 00:13:33,280 Speaker 1: all sort of like fighting imperialism together. But like, okay, 235 00:13:33,480 --> 00:13:35,959 Speaker 1: that's not a coalition that has any shared interest other 236 00:13:35,960 --> 00:13:39,680 Speaker 1: than sort of just hatred of the British and you know, okay, 237 00:13:39,840 --> 00:13:43,000 Speaker 1: hatred of hatred of the perfidious albion is a powerful force, 238 00:13:43,040 --> 00:13:46,040 Speaker 1: but it's not enough to hold the political coalition together. 239 00:13:46,160 --> 00:13:49,800 Speaker 1: And especially because you know this this is the period 240 00:13:49,840 --> 00:13:54,160 Speaker 1: where like the general strike really enters into sort of 241 00:13:54,440 --> 00:13:59,720 Speaker 1: like the protest vocabulary of China's working class, and this 242 00:14:00,240 --> 00:14:04,920 Speaker 1: to just absolutely freak out the bosses. And then there's 243 00:14:04,920 --> 00:14:06,080 Speaker 1: a lot of there's a lot of things that are 244 00:14:06,160 --> 00:14:09,120 Speaker 1: very scary if if you're a boss in like Shanghai. 245 00:14:09,320 --> 00:14:11,600 Speaker 1: One of the other ones is the workers in Shanghai 246 00:14:11,679 --> 00:14:15,080 Speaker 1: start organizing what's called the dog Beating Brigade, which is 247 00:14:15,120 --> 00:14:17,520 Speaker 1: this is this row of workers with axes who run 248 00:14:17,520 --> 00:14:19,800 Speaker 1: around beating up scabs and people who don't what labor 249 00:14:19,840 --> 00:14:27,840 Speaker 1: movements it rules. Yes, that's that's pretty rad. Dude with axes. 250 00:14:27,880 --> 00:14:30,200 Speaker 1: It's like, no, nope, you better suppote the labor movement. 251 00:14:30,520 --> 00:14:32,560 Speaker 1: If you want to keep a strike going, you're gonna 252 00:14:32,600 --> 00:14:36,200 Speaker 1: need a couple hundred dudes with axes. Yeah. Yeah, that's 253 00:14:36,320 --> 00:14:38,640 Speaker 1: that's a lesson people should be taking for the general 254 00:14:38,680 --> 00:14:42,320 Speaker 1: strike we should have and I don't know tomorrow or whatever. Yeah, 255 00:14:42,360 --> 00:14:45,720 Speaker 1: And I think, frankly, like the fact that we no 256 00:14:45,800 --> 00:14:49,240 Speaker 1: longer have people have have a dog beating brigades with 257 00:14:49,240 --> 00:14:51,640 Speaker 1: with axes is like a real reason for the decline 258 00:14:51,640 --> 00:14:55,560 Speaker 1: of the American of the sort of organized American working class. Well, 259 00:14:55,720 --> 00:14:57,520 Speaker 1: bad pitch here, but we're gonna have to change the 260 00:14:57,600 --> 00:14:59,640 Speaker 1: name because Americans are not going to get on board 261 00:14:59,640 --> 00:15:02,120 Speaker 1: anything called the dog beating brigade. And that's true. We 262 00:15:02,240 --> 00:15:05,680 Speaker 1: called the bat absolutely, Yeah, I think we I think 263 00:15:05,680 --> 00:15:10,720 Speaker 1: you can get people back on the door. Yeah, but 264 00:15:10,760 --> 00:15:14,640 Speaker 1: you know, is dogs is angry about the dog beating brigade. 265 00:15:14,800 --> 00:15:20,600 Speaker 1: I mean that's fair. It's a different culture. Okay, don't worry. 266 00:15:20,600 --> 00:15:23,760 Speaker 1: They only beat people, not dogs. Yeah, they're not beating people. 267 00:15:23,760 --> 00:15:25,640 Speaker 1: They're not like or they're not beating dogs. They're not 268 00:15:25,680 --> 00:15:31,360 Speaker 1: like Hitler. They're beating people, which is also like hitler um, 269 00:15:31,400 --> 00:15:33,640 Speaker 1: but in a good way, all right, I don't, I've 270 00:15:33,720 --> 00:15:39,880 Speaker 1: I've I've lost the thread. Now. Now, a big reason 271 00:15:39,960 --> 00:15:41,680 Speaker 1: for the sort of level of militants and for the 272 00:15:41,720 --> 00:15:44,280 Speaker 1: level of organization that the workers of Shanghai have is 273 00:15:44,320 --> 00:15:47,600 Speaker 1: because both the Communists and the Nationalist Party have allied 274 00:15:47,640 --> 00:15:51,760 Speaker 1: with Shanghai's powerful Green Gang. Now, the Green Gang is 275 00:15:52,560 --> 00:15:56,080 Speaker 1: the single best organized political force in Shanghai by a 276 00:15:56,280 --> 00:15:59,760 Speaker 1: very significant margin. Um. Most of what they're sort of 277 00:15:59,760 --> 00:16:02,040 Speaker 1: fame is four is the fact that they control Shangha 278 00:16:02,040 --> 00:16:03,760 Speaker 1: has opium trade. And you know, that makes them a 279 00:16:03,760 --> 00:16:06,920 Speaker 1: lot of money. But in terms of organizational strength, the 280 00:16:07,080 --> 00:16:10,280 Speaker 1: real power lies in their control over the workplace. The 281 00:16:10,560 --> 00:16:14,320 Speaker 1: Greek Gang controls almost every shop floor in Shanghai, and 282 00:16:14,360 --> 00:16:15,680 Speaker 1: you know the ones that don't control tend to be 283 00:16:15,680 --> 00:16:19,920 Speaker 1: controlled by other gangs. And you know when when when 284 00:16:19,960 --> 00:16:21,960 Speaker 1: I say they control the shop floor, what I mean 285 00:16:22,000 --> 00:16:24,080 Speaker 1: is that they're almost completely in control of the hiring 286 00:16:24,120 --> 00:16:27,200 Speaker 1: and firing process to the point where did you even 287 00:16:27,320 --> 00:16:29,360 Speaker 1: come to Shanghai in the first place? Right, And this 288 00:16:29,360 --> 00:16:31,320 Speaker 1: is important because Shanghai is the city that's like sev 289 00:16:32,120 --> 00:16:35,080 Speaker 1: immigrants from other parts of China. So it's it's it's 290 00:16:35,080 --> 00:16:37,560 Speaker 1: based almost entirely on migrant workers. And to even get 291 00:16:37,640 --> 00:16:40,680 Speaker 1: into the city, you have to have someone who's in 292 00:16:40,720 --> 00:16:44,320 Speaker 1: the gang to like vouch for you. And you know, 293 00:16:44,400 --> 00:16:46,400 Speaker 1: once once, once you have someone that like a foeman 294 00:16:46,440 --> 00:16:48,120 Speaker 1: to vouch for you, you have you have you have 295 00:16:48,160 --> 00:16:49,760 Speaker 1: a friend vouch for you with the foreman, and they 296 00:16:49,760 --> 00:16:51,960 Speaker 1: can hire you. But but this, this whole process means 297 00:16:52,000 --> 00:16:55,680 Speaker 1: that almost the entire working class in Shanghai is like 298 00:16:55,720 --> 00:16:57,960 Speaker 1: affiliated with one of these gangs, particularly the Green Gang. 299 00:16:58,120 --> 00:17:01,280 Speaker 1: And it's sort of interesting. You can see attempts to 300 00:17:01,320 --> 00:17:04,440 Speaker 1: sort of like defame some of these workers that that 301 00:17:04,640 --> 00:17:07,040 Speaker 1: people will go be like, oh, they're they're affiliated with 302 00:17:07,080 --> 00:17:10,600 Speaker 1: the gangs. And it's like literally every worker in Shanghai 303 00:17:11,119 --> 00:17:13,000 Speaker 1: is affiliated something stept with a gang because that's the 304 00:17:13,000 --> 00:17:16,360 Speaker 1: only way you can get a job, and this gives 305 00:17:16,400 --> 00:17:18,960 Speaker 1: them an enormous amount of political power on top of show. 306 00:17:19,040 --> 00:17:21,080 Speaker 1: Now the wealth reabled extract from Chinese workers in the 307 00:17:21,160 --> 00:17:25,560 Speaker 1: opium trade, and they're significant enough that a big part 308 00:17:25,560 --> 00:17:28,679 Speaker 1: of communist organizing and Shanghai becomes like infiltrating these gangs 309 00:17:29,359 --> 00:17:31,200 Speaker 1: because the communists, you know, very quickly figure out that 310 00:17:31,240 --> 00:17:32,800 Speaker 1: if you can't part of it. If you're not like 311 00:17:32,920 --> 00:17:34,760 Speaker 1: part of the gangs, you can't get a job and 312 00:17:34,800 --> 00:17:37,320 Speaker 1: you can't do any labor organizing. So so they turned 313 00:17:37,320 --> 00:17:42,000 Speaker 1: into the strategy of like organizing the gang foreman, because 314 00:17:42,000 --> 00:17:44,359 Speaker 1: the gang foreman can just like boot everyone out of 315 00:17:44,359 --> 00:17:48,040 Speaker 1: a shop and like start a strike. And this this 316 00:17:48,520 --> 00:17:53,399 Speaker 1: really kind of weirdly and surprisingly actually works and the 317 00:17:53,400 --> 00:17:55,120 Speaker 1: communists are able to win over like a good number 318 00:17:55,160 --> 00:17:56,840 Speaker 1: of four men. And this is this is one of 319 00:17:56,880 --> 00:17:59,000 Speaker 1: the sort of the basis of organized labor in the city. 320 00:17:59,000 --> 00:18:01,960 Speaker 1: But but this also means that even within the sort 321 00:18:01,960 --> 00:18:04,680 Speaker 1: of communist unions, the gangs have like a decent level 322 00:18:04,680 --> 00:18:07,160 Speaker 1: of influence because you know, the reliant on gang members 323 00:18:07,160 --> 00:18:10,520 Speaker 1: to sort of bring people in. Now, at the beginning 324 00:18:10,560 --> 00:18:12,760 Speaker 1: of the conflict, this works in organized labor's favor because 325 00:18:13,640 --> 00:18:15,480 Speaker 1: you know, both both the gangs and the and the 326 00:18:15,520 --> 00:18:17,560 Speaker 1: communists and like the labor organizers are all pulling on 327 00:18:17,600 --> 00:18:19,280 Speaker 1: the same side, and that means they could just like 328 00:18:19,320 --> 00:18:22,479 Speaker 1: pull everyone out of work. But as as the stricks 329 00:18:22,560 --> 00:18:26,399 Speaker 1: go on, the largely communist control general labor union grows 330 00:18:26,440 --> 00:18:29,040 Speaker 1: more and more powerful, and the Green Gang looks at 331 00:18:29,040 --> 00:18:31,480 Speaker 1: this it starts to get worried about like you know, 332 00:18:31,640 --> 00:18:35,479 Speaker 1: organized labor creating an independent base of power, which is 333 00:18:35,560 --> 00:18:38,280 Speaker 1: a real threat to the control of the workplace, and 334 00:18:39,280 --> 00:18:43,320 Speaker 1: they start looking for allies that put the strikes down. Now, 335 00:18:43,440 --> 00:18:47,280 Speaker 1: Chinese business owners had initially like backed the protests, but 336 00:18:47,720 --> 00:18:49,320 Speaker 1: you know, because they were piste off that the British 337 00:18:49,320 --> 00:18:52,840 Speaker 1: were shooting people. But they very quickly realized that letting 338 00:18:53,359 --> 00:18:56,720 Speaker 1: letting workers have unions is extremely bad for them, even 339 00:18:56,800 --> 00:19:02,040 Speaker 1: if those unions were temporarily targeting foreign owners. Yeah. So 340 00:19:02,040 --> 00:19:04,840 Speaker 1: so one one of their major complaints is that there's 341 00:19:04,840 --> 00:19:07,320 Speaker 1: there's a strike. You know, one of the strikes is 342 00:19:07,359 --> 00:19:09,560 Speaker 1: going on is at this like Japanese own power plants, 343 00:19:09,880 --> 00:19:12,040 Speaker 1: but because the power plants, they like they can't be 344 00:19:12,080 --> 00:19:14,760 Speaker 1: run by scab workers. This cuts off businesses. This cuts 345 00:19:14,800 --> 00:19:17,800 Speaker 1: off like power to Chinese businesses too. The business owners 346 00:19:17,800 --> 00:19:20,640 Speaker 1: get piste off and they get together with the Green Gang. 347 00:19:20,640 --> 00:19:23,480 Speaker 1: They're trying to like start ending the strikes. Um The 348 00:19:23,560 --> 00:19:26,000 Speaker 1: gang like storms the offices of the g l U 349 00:19:26,240 --> 00:19:28,359 Speaker 1: with like knives and iron bars and just like beats 350 00:19:28,359 --> 00:19:30,960 Speaker 1: the crap out of a whole bunch of the GILU organizers. 351 00:19:30,960 --> 00:19:33,600 Speaker 1: And they're able to just like destroy the headquarters, and 352 00:19:33,680 --> 00:19:37,120 Speaker 1: they also start to sort of like exert their influence 353 00:19:37,160 --> 00:19:39,280 Speaker 1: over the workforce to like bring people back to work. 354 00:19:40,760 --> 00:19:43,119 Speaker 1: And this eventually is able to do what the British 355 00:19:43,160 --> 00:19:45,240 Speaker 1: government in the warlords couldn't, which is bring the strike 356 00:19:45,280 --> 00:19:47,159 Speaker 1: to an end by forcing the GLU to sort of 357 00:19:47,200 --> 00:19:49,840 Speaker 1: like settle with the Japanese government over conversation for like 358 00:19:49,880 --> 00:19:54,280 Speaker 1: the original death of the labor organizer and a very 359 00:19:54,320 --> 00:19:59,320 Speaker 1: similar process, although in Hong Kong it's more Chinese business 360 00:19:59,359 --> 00:20:03,680 Speaker 1: owners acting the British then it is organized crime, like 361 00:20:03,880 --> 00:20:06,879 Speaker 1: just beating the crap out of people. But there's a 362 00:20:06,960 --> 00:20:08,840 Speaker 1: very similar thing plays out in Hong Kong. And after 363 00:20:08,880 --> 00:20:12,119 Speaker 1: sixteen months to strike ends, and it's kind of a 364 00:20:12,119 --> 00:20:17,159 Speaker 1: disaster because after this the Brits just like later in 365 00:20:17,200 --> 00:20:20,199 Speaker 1: Hong Kong to a fortress, almost all British social policy 366 00:20:20,200 --> 00:20:23,320 Speaker 1: for the next really hundred years specifically designed to make 367 00:20:23,320 --> 00:20:27,240 Speaker 1: sure that this this kind of strike never happens again. Yeah, 368 00:20:27,320 --> 00:20:30,480 Speaker 1: it seems like um I could name some other governments 369 00:20:30,480 --> 00:20:31,720 Speaker 1: that took a little bit of a leaf out of 370 00:20:31,720 --> 00:20:34,680 Speaker 1: their book in that regard, yep. And there's actually there's 371 00:20:34,680 --> 00:20:36,320 Speaker 1: a fun a lot of fun I say fun but 372 00:20:36,359 --> 00:20:40,720 Speaker 1: there there's an interesting thing about this where Shanghai, Hong 373 00:20:40,760 --> 00:20:44,439 Speaker 1: Kong is basically the place where like most riot tactics 374 00:20:44,440 --> 00:20:47,360 Speaker 1: are produced, are like like police anti riot techniques are produced. 375 00:20:48,000 --> 00:20:50,360 Speaker 1: So there there's another bunch of riots in n seven 376 00:20:50,480 --> 00:20:53,840 Speaker 1: and what the British police does against those riots are 377 00:20:53,880 --> 00:20:56,960 Speaker 1: like that. That's where that's like the template for all 378 00:20:57,040 --> 00:20:59,320 Speaker 1: riot police comes from is from the British police in 379 00:20:59,560 --> 00:21:02,639 Speaker 1: Hong Kong sixty seven. And you see this with like 380 00:21:02,640 --> 00:21:06,760 Speaker 1: waves of this with the earlier strikes too. I mean, 381 00:21:07,040 --> 00:21:10,760 Speaker 1: they're fucking good at it. I can It's also I'm 382 00:21:10,760 --> 00:21:14,080 Speaker 1: gonna guess where a lot of protester tactics for dealing 383 00:21:14,119 --> 00:21:15,840 Speaker 1: with I mean, I can say that just in terms 384 00:21:15,840 --> 00:21:18,920 Speaker 1: of like last year in Portland, people were using tactics 385 00:21:18,920 --> 00:21:22,880 Speaker 1: they'd seen in Hong Kong. Uh do first, Um, yeah 386 00:21:23,000 --> 00:21:25,040 Speaker 1: dude that I I had no idea it went back 387 00:21:25,200 --> 00:21:28,880 Speaker 1: that fucking far. But yeah, and there's interesting stuff here too, 388 00:21:28,960 --> 00:21:32,359 Speaker 1: because so basically, like the way the way this conflict 389 00:21:32,400 --> 00:21:35,439 Speaker 1: always works at like both sides are constantly trading like 390 00:21:35,520 --> 00:21:37,920 Speaker 1: tactics with they're sort of like equivalent numbers. So you 391 00:21:38,240 --> 00:21:40,600 Speaker 1: have like the thin blue line international but then you 392 00:21:40,640 --> 00:21:42,960 Speaker 1: also have you know, you have like the actual international 393 00:21:43,240 --> 00:21:45,960 Speaker 1: in in this period, so you have sort of which 394 00:21:46,000 --> 00:21:50,439 Speaker 1: is the kind of left socialist international. Yeah. Well by 395 00:21:50,520 --> 00:21:52,320 Speaker 1: by this by this point you're sort of in like 396 00:21:52,359 --> 00:21:56,840 Speaker 1: the the USSR Third International. But even before that, you 397 00:21:56,880 --> 00:22:00,119 Speaker 1: have a lot of people who were like worker is 398 00:22:00,160 --> 00:22:02,600 Speaker 1: in uh like for example, like the like one of 399 00:22:02,600 --> 00:22:04,400 Speaker 1: one of the labor yins in Egypt, for example, starts 400 00:22:04,440 --> 00:22:08,960 Speaker 1: because a bunch of like like Italian anarchists like show 401 00:22:09,000 --> 00:22:10,960 Speaker 1: up and do a bunch of organizing. And this happens 402 00:22:10,960 --> 00:22:13,480 Speaker 1: in Brazil to where you know, the general strike like 403 00:22:14,200 --> 00:22:17,480 Speaker 1: just sort of spreads as workers move around the world. Yeah. 404 00:22:17,520 --> 00:22:19,359 Speaker 1: So so you have these dynamics and they sort of 405 00:22:19,400 --> 00:22:23,800 Speaker 1: clash here and in Hong Kong, like the ruling classes 406 00:22:23,840 --> 00:22:27,280 Speaker 1: trade up wins. But in Shanghai, even though the strike 407 00:22:27,320 --> 00:22:29,800 Speaker 1: collapses and like another Wollard takes the city and executes 408 00:22:29,840 --> 00:22:33,720 Speaker 1: a bunch of the labor leaders, but it doesn't matter, 409 00:22:33,880 --> 00:22:36,480 Speaker 1: because maybe the thirty had already sort of had changed 410 00:22:36,480 --> 00:22:42,679 Speaker 1: everything about Chinese politics. And this this is one of 411 00:22:42,720 --> 00:22:45,399 Speaker 1: the biggest factors behind the rise of the next phase 412 00:22:45,560 --> 00:22:48,240 Speaker 1: of Chinese history, which is the rise of the nationalists. 413 00:22:49,840 --> 00:22:53,200 Speaker 1: Now the KMT of the Nationalist Party is it's one 414 00:22:53,240 --> 00:22:55,800 Speaker 1: of the oldest political factions left in China at this point. 415 00:22:56,600 --> 00:23:00,120 Speaker 1: But you know, by time you hit about ninety, they 416 00:23:00,160 --> 00:23:03,680 Speaker 1: they're a complete mess that they've had a series of disasters, revolts, 417 00:23:03,680 --> 00:23:08,320 Speaker 1: like all their leaders keep fleeing the Japan and you 418 00:23:08,320 --> 00:23:10,080 Speaker 1: know that they're sort of clinging on too, like a 419 00:23:10,200 --> 00:23:13,520 Speaker 1: portion of Gloctial province, like the Far South, and you know, 420 00:23:13,560 --> 00:23:15,639 Speaker 1: I mean, organizationally, it's a disaster. I mean they have 421 00:23:15,680 --> 00:23:17,359 Speaker 1: they don't they don't have meetings, like, they don't have 422 00:23:17,359 --> 00:23:19,480 Speaker 1: a party program, they don't have a constitution that they like, 423 00:23:19,520 --> 00:23:22,960 Speaker 1: they don't even have like a newspaper, the party publication. 424 00:23:23,119 --> 00:23:27,280 Speaker 1: And the Soviets look at this and are like this 425 00:23:27,320 --> 00:23:30,280 Speaker 1: is a disaster. And so they send Michael Borden, who's 426 00:23:30,320 --> 00:23:33,600 Speaker 1: like he's an old Bolshevik organizer, to to meet and 427 00:23:33,640 --> 00:23:38,440 Speaker 1: advise the KMTS leader of Sony at Sin and this 428 00:23:39,440 --> 00:23:41,880 Speaker 1: board in board and basically tell sny Aten like, Okay, 429 00:23:41,920 --> 00:23:44,160 Speaker 1: you need to reorganize this party on like Latin his lines, 430 00:23:45,240 --> 00:23:47,560 Speaker 1: and Snya send is like okay, so if I don't 431 00:23:47,560 --> 00:23:50,320 Speaker 1: get Soviet aids, there's literally no way we can ever 432 00:23:50,359 --> 00:23:55,280 Speaker 1: win this war. So he lets board In carry out 433 00:23:55,280 --> 00:23:58,600 Speaker 1: as reforms within like within a series of matter of months. 434 00:23:58,640 --> 00:24:02,160 Speaker 1: It's just completely transformed. They turned to this this really 435 00:24:02,200 --> 00:24:05,240 Speaker 1: incredibly effective political organization that they suddenly they have branches 436 00:24:05,240 --> 00:24:07,119 Speaker 1: all over the country. They have they're all holding meetings, 437 00:24:07,160 --> 00:24:11,679 Speaker 1: they're spreading propaganda, and they're they're also sort of aided 438 00:24:11,680 --> 00:24:16,840 Speaker 1: in this by the USSR. Wow. Yeah, the USR is 439 00:24:16,840 --> 00:24:18,200 Speaker 1: gonna do a lot of things to help that. The 440 00:24:18,280 --> 00:24:19,879 Speaker 1: CAMT in this period one of the one of the 441 00:24:19,880 --> 00:24:22,399 Speaker 1: biggest ones that they dragged the Chinese Communist Party like 442 00:24:22,520 --> 00:24:25,200 Speaker 1: literally kicking and screaming into an alliance with the KMT. 443 00:24:25,920 --> 00:24:28,720 Speaker 1: The companies are just like hated the Nationalists for various 444 00:24:28,720 --> 00:24:30,880 Speaker 1: doctronic reasons, and the uss are just like, you're gonna 445 00:24:30,880 --> 00:24:34,520 Speaker 1: alley with them. And this is called the First United Front, 446 00:24:34,520 --> 00:24:36,520 Speaker 1: and notably is the first United Front because there's going 447 00:24:36,560 --> 00:24:42,800 Speaker 1: to be more United fronts because yeah, yeah, yeah, well 448 00:24:42,840 --> 00:24:44,760 Speaker 1: we'll we'll we'll, we'll see, we'll see how this alliance 449 00:24:44,840 --> 00:24:48,119 Speaker 1: turns out in a bit. But you know, like every 450 00:24:48,160 --> 00:24:51,080 Speaker 1: member of the Communist Party joins the Nationalist Party and 451 00:24:51,160 --> 00:24:53,800 Speaker 1: this gives them like a that this makes the nationalist 452 00:24:53,840 --> 00:24:57,879 Speaker 1: like significantly more effective as a political organization. Um, you 453 00:24:57,880 --> 00:24:59,639 Speaker 1: know in the KMT on top of the communists that 454 00:24:59,760 --> 00:25:03,479 Speaker 1: they've always had a few other basis of support, like 455 00:25:03,560 --> 00:25:05,560 Speaker 1: they're they have a bunch of backers in like the 456 00:25:05,640 --> 00:25:08,679 Speaker 1: Chinese diasporain, like the U S and Indonesia, they have 457 00:25:08,720 --> 00:25:10,680 Speaker 1: a lot of like they have a lot of banking 458 00:25:10,720 --> 00:25:16,639 Speaker 1: support from people in Hong Kong and Guangzho. And with 459 00:25:16,720 --> 00:25:19,280 Speaker 1: the reforms of the party nine three and they made 460 00:25:19,280 --> 00:25:25,240 Speaker 1: the thirtieth movement, the CAMT gets three new extremely powerful 461 00:25:25,280 --> 00:25:29,080 Speaker 1: basis support. They get the full military backing of the Soviets, 462 00:25:29,680 --> 00:25:31,680 Speaker 1: who are going to pump more money into the CAMT 463 00:25:31,840 --> 00:25:34,520 Speaker 1: than like any other international power is going to spend 464 00:25:34,560 --> 00:25:37,840 Speaker 1: on this entire war. They get this one one of 465 00:25:37,880 --> 00:25:39,159 Speaker 1: the one of the things that Soviets do is they 466 00:25:39,160 --> 00:25:42,000 Speaker 1: they start helping to train this new officer corps for 467 00:25:42,000 --> 00:25:43,680 Speaker 1: for for the for this the thing called the National 468 00:25:43,680 --> 00:25:45,960 Speaker 1: Revolutionary Army that the canties sort of building up to 469 00:25:45,960 --> 00:25:49,439 Speaker 1: go fight the warlords. And the third thing they build up, 470 00:25:49,560 --> 00:25:54,040 Speaker 1: especially after the giant political shifts of of is they 471 00:25:54,040 --> 00:25:57,240 Speaker 1: start gaining this huge base in the Chinese masses and 472 00:25:57,400 --> 00:25:59,840 Speaker 1: when I say the Chinese masses, I mean they have 473 00:26:00,080 --> 00:26:04,480 Speaker 1: the entire ideological spectrum in this organization. I mean it's 474 00:26:04,520 --> 00:26:06,879 Speaker 1: it's it's the kind of coalition that you look at 475 00:26:06,920 --> 00:26:08,879 Speaker 1: it and it's like something has gone wrong in history. 476 00:26:10,320 --> 00:26:14,400 Speaker 1: There are too many people are agreed about the same things. Yeah, 477 00:26:14,440 --> 00:26:17,680 Speaker 1: Like there's like proto fascists, there's like this right right 478 00:26:17,680 --> 00:26:21,720 Speaker 1: wing like hardcore nationalists. There's these very like traditional sort 479 00:26:21,720 --> 00:26:26,280 Speaker 1: of conservative Confucians, Like there's there's these conservative Chinese business owners. 480 00:26:26,280 --> 00:26:28,159 Speaker 1: There's a bunch of landlords, you have to have the 481 00:26:28,160 --> 00:26:31,280 Speaker 1: sort of old revolutionary like republicans. And on the left 482 00:26:31,359 --> 00:26:34,080 Speaker 1: you have a bunch of socialist communists and anarchists and 483 00:26:34,080 --> 00:26:38,040 Speaker 1: they're all in this able work. And this is you know, 484 00:26:40,080 --> 00:26:41,879 Speaker 1: you look at the coalition, it's like there's no way 485 00:26:42,000 --> 00:26:45,680 Speaker 1: that like the fascist, the landlords and the communists are 486 00:26:45,720 --> 00:26:47,080 Speaker 1: like all gonna be on the same side of this. 487 00:26:47,480 --> 00:26:49,600 Speaker 1: It makes me think a lot about some of what 488 00:26:49,720 --> 00:26:52,400 Speaker 1: you saw in Fume after World War One, where you've 489 00:26:52,440 --> 00:26:56,720 Speaker 1: got these these anarchists and these communists and kind of 490 00:26:56,760 --> 00:26:58,760 Speaker 1: every just like all of these different people and and 491 00:26:59,000 --> 00:27:01,880 Speaker 1: and there's a similar are like Fume, which we talked 492 00:27:01,880 --> 00:27:04,119 Speaker 1: about in our Gabrielle Benunzio two partner, which was like 493 00:27:04,160 --> 00:27:07,680 Speaker 1: the city in Italy that was taken by this um 494 00:27:07,920 --> 00:27:14,320 Speaker 1: madman uh artists kind of proto fascist guy, but like 495 00:27:14,359 --> 00:27:15,920 Speaker 1: a bunch of people on the left and the right 496 00:27:16,040 --> 00:27:19,920 Speaker 1: kind of started engaged in this utopian project there for 497 00:27:19,960 --> 00:27:21,480 Speaker 1: about of year, and it was a reaction to the 498 00:27:21,560 --> 00:27:23,399 Speaker 1: chaos and the violence of World War One and the 499 00:27:23,440 --> 00:27:26,760 Speaker 1: fact that like all of these powers in the region, 500 00:27:26,760 --> 00:27:29,960 Speaker 1: these great militant powers, had completely fucked society up. And 501 00:27:30,000 --> 00:27:32,240 Speaker 1: I think you're seeing the same thing in China. These 502 00:27:32,640 --> 00:27:35,119 Speaker 1: like the old government has gone, these warlords are not 503 00:27:35,200 --> 00:27:38,359 Speaker 1: helping anybody but themselves. Um, they're just like fucking and 504 00:27:38,440 --> 00:27:41,680 Speaker 1: drinking and murdering tens of thousands of people. And so 505 00:27:41,720 --> 00:27:44,439 Speaker 1: you get this pretty broad coalition of people who are 506 00:27:44,520 --> 00:27:50,080 Speaker 1: all able to be like, well, funk, how things are going? Yeah. 507 00:27:50,200 --> 00:27:51,639 Speaker 1: And I think the other part of this is that 508 00:27:51,720 --> 00:27:55,600 Speaker 1: the KMT built like cells like nationalists like sell themselves 509 00:27:55,600 --> 00:27:58,240 Speaker 1: like as as like the word of the Revolutionary Party, 510 00:27:58,280 --> 00:28:00,520 Speaker 1: and it's like anyone who wants to revel lution like 511 00:28:00,600 --> 00:28:04,040 Speaker 1: left or right, like doesn't doesn't matter, just join up 512 00:28:04,080 --> 00:28:06,040 Speaker 1: and you'll you'll you'll get the revolution that like over 513 00:28:06,119 --> 00:28:08,440 Speaker 1: that overthrows the wildlords and like restores the power of 514 00:28:08,480 --> 00:28:10,280 Speaker 1: the nation, and that after that we can all fight 515 00:28:10,320 --> 00:28:14,440 Speaker 1: over like you know, restaurant political differences. And they sure 516 00:28:14,480 --> 00:28:25,000 Speaker 1: did you know who doesn't overthrow Chinese civil society and 517 00:28:25,640 --> 00:28:29,000 Speaker 1: start a period of mass blood letting that will eventually 518 00:28:29,080 --> 00:28:32,040 Speaker 1: lead to the deaths of millions. The products and services 519 00:28:32,040 --> 00:28:34,680 Speaker 1: that support the show, they do not, none of them. 520 00:28:34,800 --> 00:28:38,880 Speaker 1: None of them have yet done that. Um, maybe one day, 521 00:28:38,960 --> 00:28:40,480 Speaker 1: maybe one day. I have a I have a good 522 00:28:40,480 --> 00:28:42,600 Speaker 1: feeling about Blue Apron. I think they might go all 523 00:28:42,640 --> 00:28:51,880 Speaker 1: the way. But we'll see. Ah, and we're back, all right, 524 00:28:52,400 --> 00:28:57,360 Speaker 1: let's let's continue. So the nationalists have one more powerful 525 00:28:57,360 --> 00:29:00,480 Speaker 1: basis support. And this base is one of the few 526 00:29:00,480 --> 00:29:02,760 Speaker 1: bases that's going to that goes from like their origins 527 00:29:02,760 --> 00:29:06,520 Speaker 1: in the early d late eighteen hundreds to like after 528 00:29:06,640 --> 00:29:12,280 Speaker 1: they're the government of Taiwan. And this base is organized crime. Now, 529 00:29:12,320 --> 00:29:14,640 Speaker 1: a lot of historians don't really want to touch on this, 530 00:29:14,720 --> 00:29:16,680 Speaker 1: and there's a good reason for that because up until 531 00:29:16,720 --> 00:29:19,800 Speaker 1: the nineties, it was genuinely extremely dangerous to write about 532 00:29:19,800 --> 00:29:22,080 Speaker 1: the k M T S. Tigest organized crime like it 533 00:29:22,280 --> 00:29:24,760 Speaker 1: like it's bad enough that So there's a Taiwanese journalist 534 00:29:24,880 --> 00:29:29,160 Speaker 1: named Henry Leo who who writes an unauthorized biography of 535 00:29:29,200 --> 00:29:31,560 Speaker 1: like Chenkai Check's brother who's like the president of Taiwan. 536 00:29:32,600 --> 00:29:36,280 Speaker 1: He's writing unauthorized biography and he gets assassinated by the 537 00:29:36,320 --> 00:29:41,760 Speaker 1: KMT in California and like next two yeah, yeah, and 538 00:29:41,760 --> 00:29:44,280 Speaker 1: they like they're they had they have a whole international network, 539 00:29:44,440 --> 00:29:46,760 Speaker 1: they have all this sort of opium and heroin distribution. 540 00:29:48,000 --> 00:29:50,240 Speaker 1: It's yeah, it's sadly we don't have enough time to 541 00:29:50,320 --> 00:29:53,360 Speaker 1: do this whole story because it's it's a whole thing. 542 00:29:53,680 --> 00:29:56,720 Speaker 1: But needless to say, one of the big ways that 543 00:29:56,800 --> 00:30:00,280 Speaker 1: the KMT, especially the camp's right wing funds itself, is 544 00:30:00,320 --> 00:30:02,960 Speaker 1: that they're there. They're just like up to their asses 545 00:30:03,040 --> 00:30:04,720 Speaker 1: and the opium and the heroin trade and they have, 546 00:30:05,040 --> 00:30:07,160 Speaker 1: you know, they have really deep ties to organized crime 547 00:30:07,200 --> 00:30:10,000 Speaker 1: in ways they're gonna be very important in a second. Now, 548 00:30:10,160 --> 00:30:12,760 Speaker 1: the KMT left also has tighest organized crime, like we 549 00:30:12,840 --> 00:30:15,520 Speaker 1: talked about like the communists and like the sort of 550 00:30:15,600 --> 00:30:17,680 Speaker 1: left nationalists are affiliated with like the Green Gang and 551 00:30:17,760 --> 00:30:20,160 Speaker 1: Chinese organized crime because they have to for labor organizing 552 00:30:20,920 --> 00:30:24,040 Speaker 1: the KMT right is just there there. They just are 553 00:30:24,120 --> 00:30:28,200 Speaker 1: the opium trade. Um. Yeah. So if if you remember 554 00:30:28,280 --> 00:30:33,080 Speaker 1: back last episode, Joeng has a Nationalist general named Chan assassinated. Yeah, 555 00:30:33,160 --> 00:30:34,840 Speaker 1: that guy. That guy was the head of the Green 556 00:30:34,920 --> 00:30:39,200 Speaker 1: Gang at the time, and a large part of why 557 00:30:39,360 --> 00:30:41,080 Speaker 1: he thought he could just like go back to Shanghai 558 00:30:41,120 --> 00:30:42,880 Speaker 1: and started revolution was that he was you know, he 559 00:30:42,920 --> 00:30:44,280 Speaker 1: was in control of the Green Gang, which means that 560 00:30:44,280 --> 00:30:46,120 Speaker 1: he had control of the Green games opium like now 561 00:30:46,200 --> 00:30:48,640 Speaker 1: well opium mapras, but he had he had control of 562 00:30:48,680 --> 00:30:51,560 Speaker 1: the Green Gangs like labor apparatus. And so he was like, well, okay, 563 00:30:51,600 --> 00:30:53,000 Speaker 1: I can start a strike and then they'll be an 564 00:30:53,000 --> 00:30:55,160 Speaker 1: on revolution. I could take the city. And you know 565 00:30:55,240 --> 00:30:57,960 Speaker 1: it doesn't work because John like kills him. But you know, 566 00:30:58,240 --> 00:31:00,400 Speaker 1: this is the like the level of ties between the 567 00:31:00,480 --> 00:31:04,440 Speaker 1: cant right and organized crime. Like Shankai Check pledges his 568 00:31:04,640 --> 00:31:08,200 Speaker 1: loyalty to like a later Green Gang leader in Shanghai, 569 00:31:08,360 --> 00:31:10,600 Speaker 1: a Schenkai Check for those of you don't know, Check 570 00:31:10,760 --> 00:31:14,120 Speaker 1: Check is bye. By the end of this story, Chanka 571 00:31:14,240 --> 00:31:16,680 Speaker 1: Check is going to be the guy, the single person 572 00:31:16,800 --> 00:31:19,560 Speaker 1: in control of the entire Nationalist Party, and he has 573 00:31:19,600 --> 00:31:21,920 Speaker 1: pledged loyalty to a member of the Green Gang and 574 00:31:22,080 --> 00:31:24,320 Speaker 1: makes another Green Gang guy the head of shank like 575 00:31:24,400 --> 00:31:29,520 Speaker 1: Shanghai's director of opium suppression, which is extremely fun. I 576 00:31:29,720 --> 00:31:32,640 Speaker 1: would disagree with that. I think opium should be allowed 577 00:31:32,720 --> 00:31:36,880 Speaker 1: to thrive um in the open marketplace, and most importantly, 578 00:31:37,200 --> 00:31:41,000 Speaker 1: uh in in my refrigerator. But please continue. Well, you know, 579 00:31:41,080 --> 00:31:43,240 Speaker 1: I mean Italy, so does Shankai check which is what? 580 00:31:43,360 --> 00:31:46,680 Speaker 1: Which is? Which is why? Senka is what I'm learning. 581 00:31:47,040 --> 00:31:49,320 Speaker 1: We're we're both on on the same page about the 582 00:31:49,360 --> 00:31:55,200 Speaker 1: only thing that matters. Opium and heroin too. The heroin's 583 00:31:55,400 --> 00:31:57,960 Speaker 1: a bit later. Yeah, I mean it's it's literally the 584 00:31:58,040 --> 00:32:02,160 Speaker 1: opiate of the masses. Yeah, yeah, well no, because most 585 00:32:02,200 --> 00:32:04,560 Speaker 1: people can't afford it. It's the opium of me, the 586 00:32:04,640 --> 00:32:07,640 Speaker 1: opiate of me. In shang Kai scheck, it's our opiate 587 00:32:08,960 --> 00:32:11,239 Speaker 1: and and yeah, all right, and it makes a lot 588 00:32:11,320 --> 00:32:15,720 Speaker 1: of money. Yeah, I mean, if you're not a for 589 00:32:15,880 --> 00:32:20,160 Speaker 1: some people, I I'm a purist. But you know, just 590 00:32:20,400 --> 00:32:22,040 Speaker 1: in it for the love of the game, in it 591 00:32:22,120 --> 00:32:23,840 Speaker 1: for the love of the opium. You know, why would you? 592 00:32:23,960 --> 00:32:26,360 Speaker 1: Why would you? You don't want to com modify something 593 00:32:26,440 --> 00:32:28,280 Speaker 1: you love. You know, It's like if you make your 594 00:32:28,320 --> 00:32:32,240 Speaker 1: hobby your job and it ruins it, um, you don't 595 00:32:32,280 --> 00:32:33,720 Speaker 1: want to you don't want to lose out on the 596 00:32:33,840 --> 00:32:38,920 Speaker 1: love of the game. The game being opium makes sense. Now, Yeah, 597 00:32:39,120 --> 00:32:41,120 Speaker 1: the Green Gang in their hand, like they're they're they're 598 00:32:41,160 --> 00:32:43,480 Speaker 1: they're Green Gang in it for the love of the money, 599 00:32:44,320 --> 00:32:46,320 Speaker 1: and you know that that so they funnel all of 600 00:32:46,360 --> 00:32:48,160 Speaker 1: this into into like they funnel a bunch of their 601 00:32:48,200 --> 00:32:50,760 Speaker 1: money into into the CAMT and you know, the KMT. 602 00:32:51,920 --> 00:32:54,720 Speaker 1: With their best bases now solidifying their armies. Fueled by 603 00:32:54,760 --> 00:32:57,160 Speaker 1: the power of Russia, heroin money and the Chinese masses, 604 00:32:57,840 --> 00:33:01,120 Speaker 1: they set out the conquer all of China. Okay, that's 605 00:33:01,120 --> 00:33:04,960 Speaker 1: a little bit pretty ambitious, but go off. Yeah yeah, now, okay, 606 00:33:05,000 --> 00:33:07,360 Speaker 1: but before we fully get into what's become known as 607 00:33:07,400 --> 00:33:09,680 Speaker 1: the Northern Expedition, there's one more person who we have 608 00:33:09,800 --> 00:33:14,040 Speaker 1: to talk about who I believe am Sure is showing 609 00:33:14,120 --> 00:33:16,440 Speaker 1: up for the first time ambassadors pot history as a character, 610 00:33:16,800 --> 00:33:20,320 Speaker 1: and that is mause A Doung. Oh. Yeah, we talk 611 00:33:20,400 --> 00:33:24,800 Speaker 1: a little bit during the the Lisanko episodes because of 612 00:33:24,920 --> 00:33:27,720 Speaker 1: the you know, the famine and yeah, doing the great 613 00:33:27,760 --> 00:33:29,479 Speaker 1: leap forward. But yeah, we really have and he's one. 614 00:33:29,640 --> 00:33:32,120 Speaker 1: He's one of the guys who's I. I always get 615 00:33:32,200 --> 00:33:36,160 Speaker 1: to um um uh, daunted by the sheer amount of 616 00:33:36,600 --> 00:33:38,640 Speaker 1: ship to cover when you have to talk about that 617 00:33:38,680 --> 00:33:42,760 Speaker 1: guy's life. Yeah, we yeah, obviously, like we cannot really 618 00:33:42,840 --> 00:33:44,880 Speaker 1: get into Mao here. But he does one thing that's 619 00:33:44,880 --> 00:33:49,520 Speaker 1: extremely important in this story, which is that he he's 620 00:33:49,640 --> 00:33:54,120 Speaker 1: organizing a peasant movement in Kudan Province, and he's really 621 00:33:54,200 --> 00:33:57,560 Speaker 1: good at this. The newly formed like Judan Provincial Peasant 622 00:33:57,600 --> 00:34:01,440 Speaker 1: Association quickly grows to five million members and they start 623 00:34:01,520 --> 00:34:03,880 Speaker 1: to seize land from wealthy landholders, and you know, they 624 00:34:03,880 --> 00:34:06,680 Speaker 1: start to arm themselves in order to do this, and 625 00:34:06,880 --> 00:34:09,719 Speaker 1: you know, credit where credit is due now grew on 626 00:34:09,880 --> 00:34:15,480 Speaker 1: land reform. He's okay. Bad on sparrows, bad and workers democracy, 627 00:34:15,600 --> 00:34:18,640 Speaker 1: bad on famines, but you know, land reform, he's pretty good. 628 00:34:19,040 --> 00:34:22,880 Speaker 1: And the peasants, like the peasants, agree with this. But unfortunately, 629 00:34:23,000 --> 00:34:25,880 Speaker 1: the local elites are extremely unhappy that the peasants are 630 00:34:25,880 --> 00:34:28,239 Speaker 1: taking other land, and so they start to form their 631 00:34:28,280 --> 00:34:30,359 Speaker 1: own malicious is not The peasants were taking more land, 632 00:34:30,440 --> 00:34:33,640 Speaker 1: and pretty soon there's just another civil war going on. 633 00:34:33,760 --> 00:34:38,080 Speaker 1: In non problems, the peasants and the large landowners. Yeah, 634 00:34:38,200 --> 00:34:41,160 Speaker 1: because you know that we need to sords. Is you 635 00:34:41,280 --> 00:34:44,319 Speaker 1: get one that you get a lot yep, and then 636 00:34:44,360 --> 00:34:48,640 Speaker 1: they keep happening. It's great now, no sort of Interestingly, 637 00:34:48,680 --> 00:34:51,680 Speaker 1: the CCP is actually extremely piste off that the peasants 638 00:34:51,680 --> 00:34:53,560 Speaker 1: are taking all this land because you know, as I 639 00:34:53,600 --> 00:34:57,239 Speaker 1: said earlier, right, part of the canties bases landlords, and 640 00:34:57,800 --> 00:35:01,120 Speaker 1: these people not happy about the prospect of land reforhim. 641 00:35:01,160 --> 00:35:02,480 Speaker 1: And you know this e CP is still trying to 642 00:35:02,520 --> 00:35:06,279 Speaker 1: hold the like the CCP Camp United friend together And 643 00:35:06,560 --> 00:35:08,960 Speaker 1: you know, Robert, you might be thinking to yourself, what 644 00:35:09,160 --> 00:35:11,520 Speaker 1: kind of brain genius does look at a coalition that 645 00:35:11,560 --> 00:35:14,959 Speaker 1: includes a bunch of landlords and mao and go, yeah, 646 00:35:15,080 --> 00:35:19,640 Speaker 1: this is a basis for a stable working relationship. And 647 00:35:20,000 --> 00:35:22,800 Speaker 1: I mean, yeah, he's not famed for his love of landlords. 648 00:35:23,160 --> 00:35:25,759 Speaker 1: Yeah yeah. And and and the answer to that is 649 00:35:25,880 --> 00:35:31,080 Speaker 1: a bastard's pot of lum Joseph Stalin and also Trotsky. Yeah, 650 00:35:31,520 --> 00:35:38,359 Speaker 1: there's my boys, there's my good boys. Looks j stall looks, 651 00:35:38,480 --> 00:35:41,040 Speaker 1: looks at mause Dung, reads up on this guy's background 652 00:35:41,040 --> 00:35:43,520 Speaker 1: and says, you know, who can we get along with landlords? 653 00:35:46,800 --> 00:35:48,960 Speaker 1: The funny thing about this, right, So, so okay, we'll 654 00:35:49,200 --> 00:35:51,520 Speaker 1: get really fully into what like the brain trust in 655 00:35:51,560 --> 00:35:54,680 Speaker 1: Moscow thinks about this later, but like, okay, so the 656 00:35:54,760 --> 00:35:56,799 Speaker 1: fun part about what what's about to happen in China 657 00:35:56,920 --> 00:35:59,480 Speaker 1: here is that so it's a complete fiasco all the 658 00:35:59,480 --> 00:36:04,760 Speaker 1: communist Stalin looks at this and he sounds like, yeah, 659 00:36:05,239 --> 00:36:07,359 Speaker 1: it gets worse, it gets worse. And this this runs 660 00:36:07,400 --> 00:36:11,440 Speaker 1: into my theory of every every critical moment in world history, 661 00:36:11,520 --> 00:36:13,520 Speaker 1: you can find a decision that Stalin made that made 662 00:36:13,560 --> 00:36:17,160 Speaker 1: it worse, and this one. It's not just this. Stalin 663 00:36:17,239 --> 00:36:21,000 Speaker 1: also is like, so he the lesson that he takes 664 00:36:21,320 --> 00:36:24,880 Speaker 1: from from this conflict, he's he takes much a really 665 00:36:24,880 --> 00:36:26,480 Speaker 1: weird lesson from and he tried and he tries to 666 00:36:26,600 --> 00:36:31,239 Speaker 1: force the Communist party in Palestine to like take a 667 00:36:31,320 --> 00:36:33,439 Speaker 1: completely weird line based off of what happened in China, 668 00:36:33,680 --> 00:36:35,680 Speaker 1: and that's like one of the reasons that like it 669 00:36:35,920 --> 00:36:38,760 Speaker 1: completely fails and is like one of the reasons everything 670 00:36:38,800 --> 00:36:42,920 Speaker 1: goes as ship in Palestine. So yeah, good good job Stalin. 671 00:36:43,800 --> 00:36:45,600 Speaker 1: He's gonna sunk everything up in China and then he's 672 00:36:45,600 --> 00:36:48,319 Speaker 1: gonna do it again in Palestine. And it's it's great, 673 00:36:48,400 --> 00:36:52,000 Speaker 1: it's it's a good time. He's he's he's he really he. 674 00:36:52,200 --> 00:36:55,600 Speaker 1: I mean he was good at staying in power he had. 675 00:36:55,760 --> 00:36:58,640 Speaker 1: He was less good at everything that was not directly 676 00:36:58,719 --> 00:37:02,640 Speaker 1: related to staying and it up. But man was he 677 00:37:02,760 --> 00:37:05,120 Speaker 1: good at staying And you can't fault him on that, 678 00:37:07,280 --> 00:37:10,800 Speaker 1: all right? So J Stall J Stall focks around and 679 00:37:11,040 --> 00:37:14,239 Speaker 1: gets a whole lot of Communist skilled. Yeah, well we'll we'll, we'll, 680 00:37:14,320 --> 00:37:16,040 Speaker 1: we'll get we'll get to all of them dying in 681 00:37:16,120 --> 00:37:19,160 Speaker 1: a bit. But you know the problem at the moment 682 00:37:19,280 --> 00:37:21,239 Speaker 1: is that once the peasants gonna taste for lander form, 683 00:37:21,880 --> 00:37:25,400 Speaker 1: they just start doing it themselves. And the CCP like 684 00:37:25,440 --> 00:37:27,839 Speaker 1: tells him to stop the passenger like no, like we're 685 00:37:27,840 --> 00:37:30,640 Speaker 1: gonna take this land now. And you know, as as 686 00:37:30,719 --> 00:37:32,640 Speaker 1: as a skill as this escalatortion to like a full 687 00:37:32,640 --> 00:37:35,160 Speaker 1: scales sip war, this this starts to it's crush to 688 00:37:35,200 --> 00:37:37,719 Speaker 1: create this huge rift. There's a few other things that 689 00:37:37,760 --> 00:37:40,080 Speaker 1: are happening to in this period that's started that like 690 00:37:40,120 --> 00:37:42,240 Speaker 1: there there starts to be sort of these huge battles 691 00:37:42,239 --> 00:37:44,920 Speaker 1: between the CCP and like the cants left and the 692 00:37:45,000 --> 00:37:48,400 Speaker 1: right wing of the CAMT and this what everything Mao 693 00:37:48,560 --> 00:37:52,320 Speaker 1: is doing is sort of like escalating this now. The 694 00:37:52,440 --> 00:37:54,879 Speaker 1: other reason I bring up Mao is that I think 695 00:37:54,920 --> 00:37:57,720 Speaker 1: there's more similarities between Mao and Jong than you'd expect. 696 00:37:58,520 --> 00:38:00,440 Speaker 1: You know, they're they're they're both men who were born 697 00:38:00,520 --> 00:38:02,759 Speaker 1: sort of the outskirts of Chinese society, who are both you, 698 00:38:02,760 --> 00:38:04,600 Speaker 1: and they're most sort of nobodies until they swept up 699 00:38:04,640 --> 00:38:08,120 Speaker 1: in the revelu and the tumult of early century revolutionary politics, 700 00:38:08,200 --> 00:38:11,799 Speaker 1: and basically, by sheer chance, they go on to become 701 00:38:11,840 --> 00:38:15,920 Speaker 1: extremely important historical figures. Now most importantly for our purposes, 702 00:38:16,520 --> 00:38:19,160 Speaker 1: Mao and Jong are probably the two most famous poets 703 00:38:19,200 --> 00:38:22,320 Speaker 1: in China in this period. And I don't think a 704 00:38:22,320 --> 00:38:24,080 Speaker 1: lot of people know this about Mao, but by like 705 00:38:24,160 --> 00:38:27,440 Speaker 1: an incredible quirk of history, Mao is one of the 706 00:38:27,640 --> 00:38:31,600 Speaker 1: great Chinese classical poets. Like if he studied Chinese poetry 707 00:38:31,719 --> 00:38:37,120 Speaker 1: in university, like you read Mao's that that's that's also 708 00:38:37,320 --> 00:38:39,959 Speaker 1: true of Stalin, like he wasn't he didn't write nearly 709 00:38:40,000 --> 00:38:42,560 Speaker 1: as many poems, but he was a very well regarded 710 00:38:42,600 --> 00:38:45,759 Speaker 1: Georgian poet. And they're both leaders of the two big 711 00:38:45,840 --> 00:38:50,560 Speaker 1: communist parties like that, that's that's I mean, I don't know. 712 00:38:50,719 --> 00:38:56,800 Speaker 1: Maybe maybe there's something about controlling of an all powerful 713 00:38:56,840 --> 00:39:00,960 Speaker 1: party apparatus that also makes you good at meter. Actually, 714 00:39:01,000 --> 00:39:03,399 Speaker 1: that does kind of make sense. Okay, I can see 715 00:39:03,400 --> 00:39:05,800 Speaker 1: I can see it. We're so we we we've developed 716 00:39:05,880 --> 00:39:08,360 Speaker 1: the like let them go to art schools theory of fascists. 717 00:39:08,400 --> 00:39:12,680 Speaker 1: Now we're developing the never let the poem to somebody 718 00:39:12,800 --> 00:39:19,520 Speaker 1: writing a poem, just start hitting them. You know. I 719 00:39:20,080 --> 00:39:21,840 Speaker 1: do think Mao is like he's I think it's a 720 00:39:21,880 --> 00:39:24,120 Speaker 1: really interesting example of this. There's like, that's a famous 721 00:39:24,160 --> 00:39:26,760 Speaker 1: like Stephen J. Gould quote that goes like, I'm somehow 722 00:39:26,880 --> 00:39:29,520 Speaker 1: less interested in the weight in convolutions of Einstein's brain 723 00:39:29,640 --> 00:39:32,680 Speaker 1: than near certainty that people of equal talents have lived 724 00:39:32,760 --> 00:39:35,800 Speaker 1: and died in cotton fields with sweatshops, and like ma 725 00:39:36,080 --> 00:39:38,319 Speaker 1: Mao is one of those people who very easily could 726 00:39:38,320 --> 00:39:40,960 Speaker 1: have died just like completely unknown peasants, and instead, you know, 727 00:39:41,080 --> 00:39:45,600 Speaker 1: he becomes a world redound poet. It's and some other stuff. Yeah, yeah, 728 00:39:45,640 --> 00:39:48,919 Speaker 1: just a shame that he also wound up being Mao. Yeah, 729 00:39:49,360 --> 00:39:51,200 Speaker 1: he has, he has, He does a couple of things 730 00:39:51,239 --> 00:39:57,920 Speaker 1: in his life. Yeah. Now, now, and this is important 731 00:39:57,920 --> 00:40:01,239 Speaker 1: for our purposes. Jong is also a famous Chinese poet, 732 00:40:02,000 --> 00:40:05,080 Speaker 1: and I've okay, Robert, I want you to read this poem. 733 00:40:05,560 --> 00:40:08,120 Speaker 1: War poet is Yeah, I want you to read this 734 00:40:08,200 --> 00:40:09,959 Speaker 1: poem that I've just put in the chat that's called 735 00:40:10,360 --> 00:40:15,279 Speaker 1: poem about bastards. Oh oh fuck yeah, Okay, is this 736 00:40:15,400 --> 00:40:18,279 Speaker 1: the whole poem? This is the whole poem. You tell 737 00:40:18,320 --> 00:40:20,360 Speaker 1: me to do this, he tells me to do that. 738 00:40:20,920 --> 00:40:25,080 Speaker 1: You're all bastards, Go fuck your mother. That's a good poem. 739 00:40:25,160 --> 00:40:27,600 Speaker 1: I assume that. I assume it rhymes more in the 740 00:40:27,640 --> 00:40:31,520 Speaker 1: original language. Here's the thing, right, so you would think 741 00:40:31,640 --> 00:40:34,800 Speaker 1: that it sounds better in Chinese, And no it doesn't, 742 00:40:35,560 --> 00:40:38,160 Speaker 1: because that's I'm gonna say it. Then that's not really 743 00:40:38,239 --> 00:40:41,680 Speaker 1: a poem. That's that's that's a guy telling someone to 744 00:40:41,719 --> 00:40:45,160 Speaker 1: go fuck his mother. Yeah, that's like a running theme 745 00:40:45,280 --> 00:40:48,400 Speaker 1: for him. He's really into that. He's really into the 746 00:40:48,520 --> 00:40:54,600 Speaker 1: motherfucking stuff. Okay, I mean it's not bad, you know, 747 00:40:54,680 --> 00:40:57,360 Speaker 1: I I get it's the kind of thing. If he were, like, 748 00:40:57,600 --> 00:41:02,480 Speaker 1: for example, an actual like revolutionary fighting for liberty as 749 00:41:02,520 --> 00:41:07,279 Speaker 1: opposed to a vicious warlord um rapes women, this would 750 00:41:07,360 --> 00:41:09,759 Speaker 1: have a little bit more bite because he's the one 751 00:41:09,840 --> 00:41:13,520 Speaker 1: telling people to do things, like nobody's told this guy 752 00:41:13,800 --> 00:41:16,040 Speaker 1: what to do in quite a while at this point 753 00:41:16,120 --> 00:41:20,560 Speaker 1: in the story. No, no, he he writes a lot 754 00:41:20,640 --> 00:41:24,560 Speaker 1: of poems. I'm going to do one more because it's 755 00:41:24,640 --> 00:41:27,080 Speaker 1: great and this one, this one has a story behind it. 756 00:41:27,120 --> 00:41:29,600 Speaker 1: So we've talked about this a bit. There's there's this 757 00:41:29,680 --> 00:41:33,760 Speaker 1: big drought in Shandong, and so John goes to basically 758 00:41:33,920 --> 00:41:35,680 Speaker 1: he goes to like a local local temple of the 759 00:41:35,760 --> 00:41:38,760 Speaker 1: Dragon Emperor, and he prays for rain, and he writes 760 00:41:38,840 --> 00:41:43,480 Speaker 1: this just spectacular poem about the ordeal. The dragon Emperor 761 00:41:44,160 --> 00:41:47,520 Speaker 1: is also named Jong. Why does he make life hard 762 00:41:47,640 --> 00:41:51,719 Speaker 1: from me? If it doesn't rain in three days, I'll demolish. 763 00:41:51,760 --> 00:41:55,240 Speaker 1: I'll demolish your temple, and then I'll have cannons bombard 764 00:41:55,320 --> 00:42:03,239 Speaker 1: your mom. Can't can't cannon, I will shoot your mom. 765 00:42:04,080 --> 00:42:07,799 Speaker 1: Is the gist I'm taking out of you know, too 766 00:42:08,520 --> 00:42:11,319 Speaker 1: solid flex all right, well, you know, and here's here's 767 00:42:11,400 --> 00:42:13,680 Speaker 1: here's the phone part about this. So so he writes 768 00:42:13,719 --> 00:42:16,600 Speaker 1: this poem while he's waiting for three days for it 769 00:42:16,680 --> 00:42:18,840 Speaker 1: to rain. It doesn't rain. So he goes back to 770 00:42:18,920 --> 00:42:21,279 Speaker 1: the temple and he like he like, there's like a 771 00:42:21,360 --> 00:42:24,480 Speaker 1: massive people praying to this idol of the of the 772 00:42:24,560 --> 00:42:26,920 Speaker 1: Dragon network. He's like walks up to the idol, slaps 773 00:42:27,000 --> 00:42:29,359 Speaker 1: it and yells, fuck your sister, how dare you make 774 00:42:29,400 --> 00:42:33,120 Speaker 1: Shan Young's people suffer by not giving us rain? And 775 00:42:33,239 --> 00:42:36,719 Speaker 1: then he brings a bunch of cannons up to the 776 00:42:36,840 --> 00:42:39,239 Speaker 1: temple and just start shooting them at the sky to 777 00:42:39,360 --> 00:42:42,160 Speaker 1: bombard the heavens. In what I can only read is 778 00:42:42,200 --> 00:42:47,160 Speaker 1: one of the earliest attempts to attack and to thrown God. Now, 779 00:42:47,400 --> 00:42:51,520 Speaker 1: the next day it rains, and I will let you 780 00:42:51,680 --> 00:42:54,399 Speaker 1: all make of that what you will. I mean, we're 781 00:42:54,440 --> 00:42:56,759 Speaker 1: in the middle of a drought in Oregon here, so 782 00:42:56,960 --> 00:42:59,600 Speaker 1: I may I may steal that one I may steal. 783 00:42:59,680 --> 00:43:02,040 Speaker 1: Look the things from this guy. I'm gonna be entirely honest. 784 00:43:02,080 --> 00:43:05,000 Speaker 1: I'm going to steal a number of things from this guy. Hey, 785 00:43:05,040 --> 00:43:07,560 Speaker 1: shoot cannons at this guy will make it rain. I 786 00:43:07,960 --> 00:43:10,719 Speaker 1: I already do like shooting at this guy. I mean 787 00:43:10,800 --> 00:43:13,120 Speaker 1: there are some like, there are some like I mean 788 00:43:13,160 --> 00:43:15,120 Speaker 1: that that's something China is today, right, Like there's some 789 00:43:15,239 --> 00:43:17,040 Speaker 1: attempts to kind of like see now it's not just 790 00:43:17,120 --> 00:43:19,680 Speaker 1: shooting guns it but like to seed clouds in order 791 00:43:19,719 --> 00:43:21,440 Speaker 1: to kind of bring rain on, like that's the thing 792 00:43:22,120 --> 00:43:25,160 Speaker 1: that gets done. Yeah, and there's a theory I don't 793 00:43:25,960 --> 00:43:28,359 Speaker 1: buy it. Well, again, I'm not a chemist, but there's 794 00:43:28,360 --> 00:43:32,400 Speaker 1: actually a theory that like, because of like the residue 795 00:43:32,840 --> 00:43:36,560 Speaker 1: on the gunpowder something of the cannons that like this 796 00:43:36,719 --> 00:43:40,520 Speaker 1: like replicated the effect of the cloud seating stuff. And yeah, 797 00:43:40,600 --> 00:43:42,279 Speaker 1: I mean it says that I'm just looking at this 798 00:43:42,360 --> 00:43:44,960 Speaker 1: up now, it says they they use silver iodide rockets, 799 00:43:45,040 --> 00:43:47,920 Speaker 1: and it looks like, um, it looks like the actual 800 00:43:48,040 --> 00:43:51,880 Speaker 1: science on this is kind of um not not settled. 801 00:43:52,520 --> 00:43:55,239 Speaker 1: I don't I certainly don't know enough to say whether 802 00:43:55,320 --> 00:43:58,440 Speaker 1: or not it is. But I could see how silver 803 00:43:58,600 --> 00:44:02,480 Speaker 1: iodide could also be a byproduct of firing cannons in 804 00:44:02,560 --> 00:44:05,600 Speaker 1: this guy. Yeah, I mean things happen. I don't know 805 00:44:06,560 --> 00:44:11,920 Speaker 1: sure what I'm hearing is that to deal with this drought, Um, 806 00:44:12,600 --> 00:44:15,560 Speaker 1: Oregon needs me to shart start shooting at the sky. 807 00:44:16,120 --> 00:44:19,560 Speaker 1: Isn't it legal to just like wheel cannons around? Like 808 00:44:20,000 --> 00:44:22,440 Speaker 1: there's no law against cannons at all that I'm aware of. 809 00:44:22,840 --> 00:44:25,680 Speaker 1: Most states stay count as a curio in relic, which 810 00:44:25,719 --> 00:44:29,400 Speaker 1: means they're unregulated. Oh, this is this is okay, as 811 00:44:29,480 --> 00:44:32,560 Speaker 1: long as the ball they fire does not itself explode. 812 00:44:32,600 --> 00:44:34,520 Speaker 1: I'm fairly certain you can do anything you want with 813 00:44:34,600 --> 00:44:39,960 Speaker 1: a cannon. Now I'm having I'm having a series of 814 00:44:40,120 --> 00:44:48,400 Speaker 1: visions that involve you in a bunkers. Yeah, I'm starting 815 00:44:48,440 --> 00:44:52,080 Speaker 1: to go fund me right now, and they'll fund me 816 00:44:52,239 --> 00:44:56,000 Speaker 1: several cannons so that Oregon will have a rainy season again. There, Robert, 817 00:44:56,040 --> 00:44:58,120 Speaker 1: you know who else will fund you? Wow, I was 818 00:44:58,160 --> 00:45:04,879 Speaker 1: a good one. I mean, they absolutely do, Sophie. Yeah, 819 00:45:05,760 --> 00:45:08,960 Speaker 1: the products and services that support this podcast, and they do. 820 00:45:09,239 --> 00:45:11,839 Speaker 1: They have bought me a number of things that are 821 00:45:12,239 --> 00:45:26,120 Speaker 1: similar in nature to cannons. Anyway, here's ads, motherfucker's we're back. Uh, 822 00:45:26,440 --> 00:45:32,240 Speaker 1: we're all just having a real zip bang wow hoosily 823 00:45:32,280 --> 00:45:36,040 Speaker 1: doosily do of a time. So he shoots some clouds, 824 00:45:36,160 --> 00:45:40,719 Speaker 1: which I think we've decided was a good decision. What's next? Yeah, 825 00:45:40,760 --> 00:45:45,000 Speaker 1: So so okay, unfortunately or unfortunately, depending on whose side 826 00:45:45,040 --> 00:45:48,560 Speaker 1: you're on. Uh, this is shooting shooting guns at clouds 827 00:45:48,719 --> 00:45:50,319 Speaker 1: is not the only thing in nationalist I've been doing 828 00:45:50,360 --> 00:45:53,279 Speaker 1: in this period, and that's not the only thing the 829 00:45:53,320 --> 00:45:55,120 Speaker 1: world lords have been doing in this period either. So 830 00:45:56,080 --> 00:45:59,759 Speaker 1: the warlords like look south and are like, Okay, this 831 00:45:59,880 --> 00:46:02,200 Speaker 1: is a large army with a lot of Soviet support. 832 00:46:02,280 --> 00:46:04,440 Speaker 1: We need we need to sort of you know, we 833 00:46:04,560 --> 00:46:06,759 Speaker 1: need to start getting ready to fight them. So in 834 00:46:08,120 --> 00:46:10,760 Speaker 1: Jung Chilling and his allies form something called the National 835 00:46:10,840 --> 00:46:14,800 Speaker 1: Pacification Army, Which is the best explanation of that I 836 00:46:14,840 --> 00:46:17,040 Speaker 1: can give is it's like the United Frind for warlords. 837 00:46:18,239 --> 00:46:21,160 Speaker 1: It's like like a all the warlord solidarity for guys 838 00:46:21,239 --> 00:46:23,360 Speaker 1: with armies. Yeah. Yeah, But you know, it's kind of 839 00:46:23,360 --> 00:46:25,800 Speaker 1: remarkable because all of these people hate each other and 840 00:46:25,880 --> 00:46:28,719 Speaker 1: I've spent the last what is this is twenty six 841 00:46:28,760 --> 00:46:31,200 Speaker 1: by now, so ten years just like murdering each other 842 00:46:31,280 --> 00:46:34,319 Speaker 1: over nothing. But you know, when when, yeah, when when 843 00:46:34,360 --> 00:46:36,239 Speaker 1: when they're asses on the line, they come together and 844 00:46:37,640 --> 00:46:41,560 Speaker 1: yeah yeah. And so you get Junk Chilling, Jung Jung 845 00:46:41,680 --> 00:46:44,719 Speaker 1: Chong and the Jade Marshall who pay Fo who is 846 00:46:44,840 --> 00:46:48,200 Speaker 1: back after somehow managing to pull together enough of his 847 00:46:48,360 --> 00:46:51,480 Speaker 1: territory and his troops to like be a kind of 848 00:46:51,520 --> 00:46:55,000 Speaker 1: significant power again, but is now fighting on the side 849 00:46:55,040 --> 00:46:56,920 Speaker 1: of his former rival and the man who sent him 850 00:46:56,920 --> 00:47:03,839 Speaker 1: into exile because warlord period. And you know, they at 851 00:47:03,880 --> 00:47:06,200 Speaker 1: first looked like a pretty forbidable army, but they're immediately 852 00:47:06,280 --> 00:47:10,920 Speaker 1: weakened when we'll pay for who who really like this 853 00:47:11,120 --> 00:47:13,799 Speaker 1: man should honestly be called the marshal of getting owned 854 00:47:13,800 --> 00:47:17,319 Speaker 1: by his own subordinates because so she goes to fight 855 00:47:17,360 --> 00:47:20,000 Speaker 1: the nationalists and then his army immediately collapses because he's 856 00:47:20,040 --> 00:47:23,200 Speaker 1: betrayed by one of his generals again for the second 857 00:47:23,239 --> 00:47:27,160 Speaker 1: time in two years. Yeah, class solidarity only goes so 858 00:47:27,320 --> 00:47:33,239 Speaker 1: far when your classes guys with armies, uh and no conscience. Yeah, 859 00:47:33,320 --> 00:47:34,560 Speaker 1: and you know, and this is this is the other 860 00:47:34,680 --> 00:47:38,120 Speaker 1: thing like this, The single best strategy that you can 861 00:47:38,160 --> 00:47:41,239 Speaker 1: possibly have in the Willard period is to defect m hm. 862 00:47:42,239 --> 00:47:47,160 Speaker 1: Now this this leaves the world lords in a pretty 863 00:47:47,160 --> 00:47:51,160 Speaker 1: bad position. And it's here with the national passification army 864 00:47:51,239 --> 00:47:54,320 Speaker 1: just like completely unable to stop the Nationalist advance that 865 00:47:54,560 --> 00:47:56,560 Speaker 1: John makes the first of two mistakes that would cost 866 00:47:56,640 --> 00:48:01,080 Speaker 1: him everything. So John had been given two jobs by Drilling. 867 00:48:01,600 --> 00:48:03,600 Speaker 1: One of them was to defend Shanghai. The the other 868 00:48:03,680 --> 00:48:07,360 Speaker 1: one was to confronts nationalist advance around Nanjing and to 869 00:48:07,480 --> 00:48:09,440 Speaker 1: reforce reinforce the troops of one of the sort of 870 00:48:09,520 --> 00:48:13,399 Speaker 1: more unreliable worlords in the coalition. Now that Worlord's troops 871 00:48:13,440 --> 00:48:16,719 Speaker 1: have been doing okay against the nationalists. But Jong, like 872 00:48:16,880 --> 00:48:19,200 Speaker 1: I think justifiably worried that this guy is going to 873 00:48:19,280 --> 00:48:22,879 Speaker 1: defect for the fourth time in two years. He's like, okay, 874 00:48:22,920 --> 00:48:24,840 Speaker 1: this this guy, this guy seems like the thing to do. 875 00:48:25,120 --> 00:48:32,239 Speaker 1: It seems like everyone defects, Like he's gone traded three times. Yeah. Yeah, 876 00:48:32,280 --> 00:48:33,839 Speaker 1: So so Jong is as strong is worried this guy 877 00:48:33,920 --> 00:48:36,239 Speaker 1: is gonna effect again. So so he sends most of 878 00:48:36,320 --> 00:48:39,200 Speaker 1: his army to reinforce like that guy. By by reinforced, 879 00:48:39,239 --> 00:48:40,960 Speaker 1: I mean he wants to put an army next to 880 00:48:41,040 --> 00:48:44,680 Speaker 1: him he doesn't affect. And but this this is a 881 00:48:44,760 --> 00:48:47,759 Speaker 1: complete disaster um. The part of his army that John 882 00:48:47,800 --> 00:48:51,239 Speaker 1: sends to defend Shanghai just gets completely destroyed. And the 883 00:48:51,320 --> 00:48:54,560 Speaker 1: other warlord subordinates hate Jong so much that like they 884 00:48:54,680 --> 00:48:57,000 Speaker 1: defect to the KMT rather than like be on the 885 00:48:57,080 --> 00:49:03,000 Speaker 1: same side as him. Yeah, it's pet It sounds like 886 00:49:03,080 --> 00:49:06,319 Speaker 1: he piste off some people. Yeah, but it's funny because 887 00:49:06,320 --> 00:49:08,440 Speaker 1: it's not like like the other warlords. Like the other 888 00:49:08,520 --> 00:49:13,600 Speaker 1: warlord isn't good either, but like man John John, John 889 00:49:13,760 --> 00:49:15,520 Speaker 1: is a tier above all of the rest of the 890 00:49:15,960 --> 00:49:19,439 Speaker 1: war lords when it comes to just war word ng mhm, yeah, 891 00:49:20,040 --> 00:49:22,400 Speaker 1: Joan like he wins the Battle of Nunjan. But it doesn't. 892 00:49:22,480 --> 00:49:25,560 Speaker 1: It's it's it's the definition of a feric victory because 893 00:49:26,239 --> 00:49:28,440 Speaker 1: in the middle of all of this sort of inconclusive fighting, 894 00:49:28,719 --> 00:49:34,600 Speaker 1: the workers take Shanghai, now exactly where you don't want 895 00:49:34,640 --> 00:49:38,360 Speaker 1: the workers if you're this guy. Nope. So so to 896 00:49:38,480 --> 00:49:41,360 Speaker 1: understand what this means or of how this happened, we 897 00:49:41,400 --> 00:49:43,319 Speaker 1: need to go back a little bit. So. So after 898 00:49:43,360 --> 00:49:47,320 Speaker 1: the General's record ends, the General Labor Union and the 899 00:49:47,360 --> 00:49:50,040 Speaker 1: communists they started working on this plan to take the city, 900 00:49:51,239 --> 00:49:53,160 Speaker 1: and they make their first attempt, which is called the 901 00:49:53,200 --> 00:49:57,920 Speaker 1: First Armed Uprising in late n This this doesn't work 902 00:49:58,080 --> 00:50:00,520 Speaker 1: at all. It's it's a complete failure. And here you 903 00:50:00,600 --> 00:50:04,240 Speaker 1: get to see just the unbelievable brutality of the warlord governments. 904 00:50:05,280 --> 00:50:08,719 Speaker 1: I'm going to read this passage from the delightfully named 905 00:50:08,800 --> 00:50:13,800 Speaker 1: Hans J. Van der Ven this book called War and 906 00:50:13,920 --> 00:50:17,759 Speaker 1: Nationalism in China, which describes aftermath of the failed First 907 00:50:17,960 --> 00:50:22,640 Speaker 1: Armed Uprising. Okay, a judge went about the streets accompanied 908 00:50:22,680 --> 00:50:25,000 Speaker 1: by someone carrying a shield with the martial law text 909 00:50:25,080 --> 00:50:29,360 Speaker 1: on it. Anyone suspected of revolutionary activity, even something like leafletting, 910 00:50:29,520 --> 00:50:33,120 Speaker 1: was executed on the spot by two broadswordered executioners, after 911 00:50:33,200 --> 00:50:36,360 Speaker 1: which their heads were just played on bamboo pikes. Smith 912 00:50:36,440 --> 00:50:39,360 Speaker 1: recalls a story that one street hawker shouting by my 913 00:50:39,600 --> 00:50:42,200 Speaker 1: Cakes was stabbed by a soldier who thought he was 914 00:50:42,600 --> 00:50:46,800 Speaker 1: crying defeat the army. Several hundred people were killed. I 915 00:50:46,880 --> 00:50:52,280 Speaker 1: don't speak Mandarin or um any other languages but English, 916 00:50:52,360 --> 00:50:55,879 Speaker 1: which I also barely speak. In the language this guy 917 00:50:56,040 --> 00:50:58,840 Speaker 1: was speaking, does buy my Cakes sound at all like 918 00:50:59,280 --> 00:51:04,440 Speaker 1: a literally Okay, okay, it's kind of like it's kind 919 00:51:04,960 --> 00:51:08,279 Speaker 1: it's not I don't know, like it's similar enough that 920 00:51:08,440 --> 00:51:10,920 Speaker 1: that like I can like I'm pretty sure this's happened, 921 00:51:11,280 --> 00:51:15,040 Speaker 1: it's not. Yeah, but but it's not similar enough that 922 00:51:15,239 --> 00:51:19,959 Speaker 1: like anyone who's not just completely hyped up on murder 923 00:51:20,120 --> 00:51:23,920 Speaker 1: is going to mistake them. Well, I mean, look, if 924 00:51:23,960 --> 00:51:28,600 Speaker 1: you've never murdered anybody, it it's who. I don't know 925 00:51:28,640 --> 00:51:31,440 Speaker 1: where I was going with their continue it's very scary. 926 00:51:32,920 --> 00:51:36,360 Speaker 1: What So you know, the motto of this podcast is 927 00:51:36,440 --> 00:51:39,600 Speaker 1: a B M always be murderer. No, it's cut what 928 00:51:39,800 --> 00:51:43,320 Speaker 1: Robert says, so I can keep Yeah. That that is 929 00:51:43,440 --> 00:51:47,919 Speaker 1: the motto of the podcast. Thank you, Let's let's move 930 00:51:48,080 --> 00:51:51,759 Speaker 1: right along. Now, you know, in the face of all 931 00:51:51,800 --> 00:51:55,320 Speaker 1: this violence, it is a genuinely incredible testament to the 932 00:51:55,360 --> 00:51:58,400 Speaker 1: raw capacity that are for like the raw power of 933 00:51:58,440 --> 00:52:03,160 Speaker 1: our capacity for resistance. That this doesn't work. Like people, 934 00:52:03,320 --> 00:52:07,080 Speaker 1: people see their friends, their neighbors, their coworkers, their families 935 00:52:07,480 --> 00:52:11,920 Speaker 1: decapitated in the street and impaled on pikes. And the 936 00:52:12,120 --> 00:52:17,560 Speaker 1: next month they do it again. In February, there's a 937 00:52:17,600 --> 00:52:21,800 Speaker 1: second armed uprising, three hundred thousand workers, undeterred by the 938 00:52:21,840 --> 00:52:23,719 Speaker 1: possibility that they too could end up on a pike. 939 00:52:24,080 --> 00:52:26,400 Speaker 1: Stage what was to that point the largest striking Chang 940 00:52:26,480 --> 00:52:30,040 Speaker 1: High history. Now this too fails because the armed uprising, 941 00:52:30,080 --> 00:52:34,120 Speaker 1: the strikes weren't coordinated enough. But the third armed up 942 00:52:34,239 --> 00:52:39,680 Speaker 1: rising on March finally takes the city. See guys, third 943 00:52:39,760 --> 00:52:43,480 Speaker 1: times to charm with armed uprising? Were we We did 944 00:52:43,719 --> 00:52:46,359 Speaker 1: one and that's all I'm going to say on the matter. 945 00:52:47,000 --> 00:52:48,960 Speaker 1: And well, and that one that what was barely armed, 946 00:52:49,440 --> 00:52:56,040 Speaker 1: that was barely armed, one side was very heavily armed. Yeah. Now, 947 00:52:56,400 --> 00:53:00,360 Speaker 1: eight hundred thousand workers just blow the previous, all previous 948 00:53:00,400 --> 00:53:03,080 Speaker 1: records for the largest strike and sang history out of 949 00:53:03,120 --> 00:53:06,160 Speaker 1: the water. And that's a protest the size of the 950 00:53:06,239 --> 00:53:08,960 Speaker 1: city I live in. Yeah. And and the Woolard troops 951 00:53:09,320 --> 00:53:12,839 Speaker 1: like somewhat understandably, just like flee rather than face them. 952 00:53:13,520 --> 00:53:16,879 Speaker 1: Yeah that makes sense. Again, I've I've seen cops do that. Yeah, 953 00:53:18,440 --> 00:53:23,920 Speaker 1: that was pretty good. Yeah. Unfortunately, unbeknownst to the triumphant workers, 954 00:53:23,960 --> 00:53:25,760 Speaker 1: who were in the process of setting up an elected 955 00:53:25,800 --> 00:53:29,240 Speaker 1: citizens government to run the city, they had already been betrayed. 956 00:53:30,160 --> 00:53:34,240 Speaker 1: Oh well, yeah, that's yeah. As March turned to April, 957 00:53:34,360 --> 00:53:36,560 Speaker 1: open battles between the left and right wing of the 958 00:53:36,640 --> 00:53:41,200 Speaker 1: KMT were raging across China. Yeah. The right wing of 959 00:53:41,239 --> 00:53:43,919 Speaker 1: the Nationalists began to slaughter workers everywhere they found a union. 960 00:53:44,239 --> 00:53:46,800 Speaker 1: But even as their nominal comrades fell to the machine guns, 961 00:53:47,200 --> 00:53:50,680 Speaker 1: communists and left KMT leadership told the workers of Shanghai 962 00:53:50,760 --> 00:53:53,880 Speaker 1: to let Changai Check's army into the city. The workers 963 00:53:53,960 --> 00:53:57,120 Speaker 1: greeted the nationalists with jubilation. Chang, on the other hand, 964 00:53:57,239 --> 00:53:59,120 Speaker 1: immediately went to go meet with the head of the 965 00:53:59,200 --> 00:54:01,000 Speaker 1: Green Gang, the guy, the guy you'd freads a legiance 966 00:54:01,000 --> 00:54:04,440 Speaker 1: to several years earlier, and with weapons provided by the 967 00:54:04,520 --> 00:54:06,719 Speaker 1: French and intelligence provided by the British. The Green Gang 968 00:54:06,760 --> 00:54:08,960 Speaker 1: and the nationalist troops began to slaughter the striking workers. 969 00:54:10,200 --> 00:54:12,920 Speaker 1: Now the workers aren't pickets fought back, and two hundred 970 00:54:13,040 --> 00:54:15,239 Speaker 1: thousand workers went back on strike, even in the midst 971 00:54:15,280 --> 00:54:17,520 Speaker 1: of the confusion of the sort of nationalist communist split, 972 00:54:17,760 --> 00:54:20,759 Speaker 1: but disorganized by the surprise attack and with with right 973 00:54:20,800 --> 00:54:23,600 Speaker 1: wing nationalist troops already in the city, the workers were 974 00:54:23,640 --> 00:54:26,399 Speaker 1: defeated in Shanghai, check's white terror. At first white terror 975 00:54:26,440 --> 00:54:28,560 Speaker 1: had begun, and I say first year. That's very important 976 00:54:28,600 --> 00:54:31,120 Speaker 1: because uh chain is going to do a second white 977 00:54:31,200 --> 00:54:33,960 Speaker 1: terror in Taiwan in the late forties. But that that 978 00:54:34,120 --> 00:54:38,319 Speaker 1: that's another story for another time. By by the end, 979 00:54:38,480 --> 00:54:42,960 Speaker 1: like a nice guy, yeah, hope boy. But by the 980 00:54:43,080 --> 00:54:45,400 Speaker 1: end of the purgase, somewhere between three hundred thousand and 981 00:54:45,440 --> 00:54:47,360 Speaker 1: a million people lay dead in the dirt, at the 982 00:54:47,400 --> 00:54:49,400 Speaker 1: hands of men their leaders had told them the trust. 983 00:54:50,200 --> 00:54:53,560 Speaker 1: The source of this disaster was Moscow, which, by the 984 00:54:53,600 --> 00:54:55,680 Speaker 1: structure of the Leninist Party and through the discipline of 985 00:54:55,719 --> 00:54:58,680 Speaker 1: the Third International, maintained near total supremacy over the communist 986 00:54:58,680 --> 00:55:01,360 Speaker 1: political line. It had been Moscow that had forced the 987 00:55:01,360 --> 00:55:04,040 Speaker 1: Communists into the alliance with the Nationalists in the first place, 988 00:55:04,640 --> 00:55:06,960 Speaker 1: Moscow and their handpicked leaders that had told the Communists 989 00:55:07,000 --> 00:55:09,000 Speaker 1: to stay in the United Front as it collapsed around them, 990 00:55:10,040 --> 00:55:12,960 Speaker 1: and now as a situation continued to worsen, the surviving 991 00:55:13,000 --> 00:55:15,600 Speaker 1: Communists waited with bated breath for the master stroke from 992 00:55:15,680 --> 00:55:19,880 Speaker 1: Moscow I could save them from this disaster. What they 993 00:55:19,920 --> 00:55:24,640 Speaker 1: got was that one and trotzy bickering. Yeah, that also 994 00:55:24,719 --> 00:55:28,279 Speaker 1: completely scans. Yeah, the order from Moscow, I'm going to 995 00:55:28,320 --> 00:55:32,400 Speaker 1: reason the provisions of it because it it's completely incoherent. 996 00:55:32,560 --> 00:55:35,200 Speaker 1: So okay, So the order is, okay, you have to 997 00:55:35,239 --> 00:55:37,160 Speaker 1: get you have to ask the peasants to start doing 998 00:55:37,280 --> 00:55:40,959 Speaker 1: land seizures, but also you must prevent them from taking 999 00:55:41,040 --> 00:55:44,160 Speaker 1: any land from any soldier, which is like a lot 1000 00:55:44,280 --> 00:55:47,879 Speaker 1: of the land is owned by soldiers. And then also 1001 00:55:47,920 --> 00:55:50,720 Speaker 1: simultaneously they're they're supposed to raise an army of seventy 1002 00:55:51,080 --> 00:55:53,920 Speaker 1: communist troops, but also like that's like an independent communist army, 1003 00:55:53,960 --> 00:55:56,680 Speaker 1: but also stay in the Nationalist Party and the United Friends. 1004 00:55:56,800 --> 00:55:59,960 Speaker 1: But then also while being in the Nationalist Party opposed 1005 00:56:00,040 --> 00:56:05,080 Speaker 1: Shankai check. At the same time, it's the assembled leaders 1006 00:56:05,200 --> 00:56:08,080 Speaker 1: as Shanghai, as as Elizabeth Perry described in Shanghan strike 1007 00:56:08,280 --> 00:56:12,239 Speaker 1: quote didn't know whether the laugh or cry. The head 1008 00:56:12,280 --> 00:56:14,920 Speaker 1: of the CCP described the telegram as quote taking a 1009 00:56:15,040 --> 00:56:20,960 Speaker 1: bath and a toilet. Yeah, Moscow in the final critical 1010 00:56:21,040 --> 00:56:23,640 Speaker 1: hour had delivered nothing but ruined in the years that followed, 1011 00:56:23,840 --> 00:56:30,200 Speaker 1: almost the entire urban workers who will be annihilated. Yeah, yeah, yeah, 1012 00:56:32,160 --> 00:56:37,080 Speaker 1: the folks. This is why. Yeah, don't don't have an 1013 00:56:37,160 --> 00:56:41,240 Speaker 1: organization who that that can be entirely destroyed because Stalin 1014 00:56:41,320 --> 00:56:45,960 Speaker 1: and Trotsky were bickering. Bad organizational structure. As a general rule, 1015 00:56:46,040 --> 00:56:48,520 Speaker 1: one of the things we advise our listeners is don't 1016 00:56:48,920 --> 00:56:54,759 Speaker 1: don't don't trust Stalina, don't don't rely on Stalin. Um. 1017 00:56:55,520 --> 00:56:58,920 Speaker 1: I know a lot of our listenership are in nineteen 1018 00:56:59,080 --> 00:57:02,200 Speaker 1: nineteen Russia right now. Um, but it's not going to 1019 00:57:02,360 --> 00:57:06,560 Speaker 1: end well. Guys, don't find out drink him, you know. 1020 00:57:07,040 --> 00:57:10,640 Speaker 1: In fairness to our listeners in nineteen nineteen Russia, pretty much, 1021 00:57:10,719 --> 00:57:12,840 Speaker 1: no matter what you do, it's going to end badly. 1022 00:57:13,000 --> 00:57:18,160 Speaker 1: So just um, I don't know. We go to Ukraine. 1023 00:57:18,440 --> 00:57:22,560 Speaker 1: Ukraine seems like it's it's just gonna be a solid, solid, upward, 1024 00:57:22,920 --> 00:57:27,120 Speaker 1: upward trajectory for for the next years. Famous, famously a 1025 00:57:27,200 --> 00:57:30,360 Speaker 1: country having a great time, has no problems ever, famously 1026 00:57:30,440 --> 00:57:36,560 Speaker 1: stable Ukraine. Yeah, okay, so yeah, So so in the 1027 00:57:36,640 --> 00:57:40,880 Speaker 1: chaos of this, you know, the next Chinese Civil war, 1028 00:57:41,200 --> 00:57:42,840 Speaker 1: you know, it's called the Chinese Civil War. But like, 1029 00:57:43,880 --> 00:57:46,680 Speaker 1: there's already so many civil wars. So the next Chinese 1030 00:57:46,680 --> 00:57:49,200 Speaker 1: Civil war between the Nationalists the Communists should have been 1031 00:57:49,200 --> 00:57:52,200 Speaker 1: a godsend to the warlords. And in the immediate aftermath 1032 00:57:52,280 --> 00:57:55,600 Speaker 1: is supression of Shanghai Uprising. Worldlord forces were temporarily able 1033 00:57:55,640 --> 00:57:59,720 Speaker 1: to halt the Nationalist advance, but then disaster struck. After 1034 00:57:59,800 --> 00:58:03,800 Speaker 1: one his allies suffered a devastating defeat, Chong was ordered 1035 00:58:03,840 --> 00:58:07,200 Speaker 1: to invade Hanan Province, and and okay, I want to 1036 00:58:07,240 --> 00:58:10,320 Speaker 1: make clear here that what's about to happen isn't entirely 1037 00:58:10,480 --> 00:58:14,200 Speaker 1: Jong's fault. Dueling like refused to send him any reinforcements, 1038 00:58:14,240 --> 00:58:16,880 Speaker 1: and so Jong is left to attack this whole province 1039 00:58:17,360 --> 00:58:20,560 Speaker 1: like by himself with only one just like incredibly unreliable 1040 00:58:20,640 --> 00:58:26,040 Speaker 1: minor warlord as his ally. Now his ally almost immediately 1041 00:58:26,120 --> 00:58:28,600 Speaker 1: proceeds to make just like a series of incredibly reckless, 1042 00:58:28,880 --> 00:58:31,840 Speaker 1: over reckless attacks, and it's just destroyed by Nationals kind 1043 00:58:31,840 --> 00:58:36,920 Speaker 1: of attack, and in response, Jong makes the single largest 1044 00:58:36,920 --> 00:58:41,680 Speaker 1: tactical blunder of his entire career. He he launches this massive, 1045 00:58:41,720 --> 00:58:47,000 Speaker 1: full scale assaulid on Kaifeng, and it's just it's just 1046 00:58:47,120 --> 00:58:50,400 Speaker 1: completely destroyed by the Nationalists. And the kind of attack 1047 00:58:50,560 --> 00:58:54,280 Speaker 1: national kind of attack kills not just like his troops, 1048 00:58:54,840 --> 00:58:58,000 Speaker 1: this attack kills most like a pretty good portion of 1049 00:58:58,040 --> 00:59:01,280 Speaker 1: his senior commanders, which is extremely rare in battles in 1050 00:59:01,320 --> 00:59:04,520 Speaker 1: this period. You almost never like lose your scene commandit. 1051 00:59:04,600 --> 00:59:07,439 Speaker 1: But he loses a bunch of them, and he also 1052 00:59:07,560 --> 00:59:12,480 Speaker 1: loses four of his six beloved armored trains, several of them. Yeah, 1053 00:59:12,560 --> 00:59:14,040 Speaker 1: it loses there with trains and a bunch of the 1054 00:59:14,080 --> 00:59:17,160 Speaker 1: white Russians like get slaughtered when a bunch of Chinese, yeah, 1055 00:59:17,160 --> 00:59:19,320 Speaker 1: like piste off Chinese people like they met they finally 1056 00:59:19,320 --> 00:59:21,920 Speaker 1: managed to cut off the rail lines and they just 1057 00:59:22,040 --> 00:59:24,440 Speaker 1: like walk into the car and just like murder all 1058 00:59:24,440 --> 00:59:28,200 Speaker 1: the white Russians. Yeah, fine with that more or less. Yeah, 1059 00:59:28,440 --> 00:59:30,440 Speaker 1: you know, good, good, good on good and good on 1060 00:59:30,520 --> 00:59:32,640 Speaker 1: the Nationalists. One of the few times I'll ever say this, 1061 00:59:32,800 --> 00:59:36,120 Speaker 1: but good on them. Yeah, I'm fine with that. The trains, though, 1062 00:59:36,720 --> 00:59:39,600 Speaker 1: do anything well okay, but what I say, a lot 1063 00:59:39,680 --> 00:59:42,000 Speaker 1: of people, but there were trains, yeah, yeah, but okay, 1064 00:59:42,000 --> 00:59:44,120 Speaker 1: but okay, but here's the thing. When I say lost, 1065 00:59:44,160 --> 00:59:46,400 Speaker 1: I mean they were like they're all captured and because 1066 00:59:46,440 --> 00:59:50,560 Speaker 1: because of armored trains, ye train, who's who they're killing 1067 00:59:50,800 --> 00:59:52,800 Speaker 1: as long as they get to kill, Like some of 1068 00:59:53,200 --> 00:59:56,600 Speaker 1: some of these trains are like on their seventh owner already, 1069 00:59:56,920 --> 01:00:00,560 Speaker 1: So yeah, they're gonna the trains will be in service 1070 01:00:00,680 --> 01:00:02,600 Speaker 1: until the destroyed. But the Japanese neck and Tarty one, 1071 01:00:02,680 --> 01:00:08,280 Speaker 1: yeah they were the Toyotas of their day. But unfortunately, yeah, 1072 01:00:08,280 --> 01:00:12,960 Speaker 1: without his trains, Jong is Jong is in a bad spot. Um, 1073 01:00:13,000 --> 01:00:16,240 Speaker 1: He's able to sort of cobbled together some of his army, 1074 01:00:16,320 --> 01:00:18,360 Speaker 1: but like this is not the army that like the 1075 01:00:18,400 --> 01:00:24,040 Speaker 1: baby squad had led. This is yeah, it's it's completely demoralized. 1076 01:00:24,320 --> 01:00:28,560 Speaker 1: And you know, without the trains very important. The speed 1077 01:00:28,640 --> 01:00:30,840 Speaker 1: of the trains just what basically allows him to counter attack. 1078 01:00:30,880 --> 01:00:32,640 Speaker 1: And a lot of Jong success have been from just 1079 01:00:32,680 --> 01:00:35,760 Speaker 1: sort of like being able to outposition and sort of 1080 01:00:35,760 --> 01:00:40,960 Speaker 1: out maneuverous opponents. But when he returns to Shendong, he 1081 01:00:41,040 --> 01:00:43,080 Speaker 1: can't do this anymore because you know, the trains are gone, 1082 01:00:43,240 --> 01:00:47,160 Speaker 1: and because he instead digs this like giant series of trenches, 1083 01:00:47,360 --> 01:00:48,720 Speaker 1: is like this, this is like, you know, he has 1084 01:00:48,760 --> 01:00:51,200 Speaker 1: a determination, just like he's gonna fight this out, and 1085 01:00:51,240 --> 01:00:57,120 Speaker 1: the Nationalists just go around them. Yeah, they attack of 1086 01:00:57,160 --> 01:01:00,720 Speaker 1: him behind his armies routed again. Um Jong attempts to 1087 01:01:00,760 --> 01:01:03,120 Speaker 1: flee to Manchuria with the remains of his army to 1088 01:01:03,160 --> 01:01:07,520 Speaker 1: continue the war, but Jong dueling his armies are likewise 1089 01:01:07,560 --> 01:01:09,640 Speaker 1: and shambles after a series of defeats. But the Nationalists 1090 01:01:09,840 --> 01:01:15,520 Speaker 1: gets assassinated by the Japanese in late sorry late and 1091 01:01:15,920 --> 01:01:18,640 Speaker 1: this is a problem for Jong because control of materia 1092 01:01:18,880 --> 01:01:24,080 Speaker 1: passes to Jo Ling's son, who very quickly looks at 1093 01:01:24,120 --> 01:01:26,080 Speaker 1: the map and it is like the Nationalists have taken 1094 01:01:26,160 --> 01:01:28,080 Speaker 1: literally all the countries that from Manchuria. They're going to 1095 01:01:28,120 --> 01:01:31,440 Speaker 1: win this war. And so he starts preparing to flip sides, 1096 01:01:32,400 --> 01:01:34,880 Speaker 1: and he so you know, but because he's preparing to 1097 01:01:35,040 --> 01:01:37,800 Speaker 1: like flip sides, he refuses to let Jong into Manchuria. 1098 01:01:38,080 --> 01:01:39,760 Speaker 1: And John like tries to fight his way, but he 1099 01:01:39,800 --> 01:01:43,760 Speaker 1: can't do it. And so Jong as like he's basically 1100 01:01:43,760 --> 01:01:45,640 Speaker 1: like the like one of the last moments, like Woodlord 1101 01:01:45,760 --> 01:01:50,200 Speaker 1: standing makes this like heroic triumphant final stand with his 1102 01:01:50,280 --> 01:01:52,800 Speaker 1: back to the Great Wall of China, and his army 1103 01:01:52,880 --> 01:01:54,920 Speaker 1: is promptly completely destroyed by the Nationalists after his white 1104 01:01:54,960 --> 01:01:59,320 Speaker 1: Russian mercenaries defect and he flees to he's able to 1105 01:01:59,360 --> 01:02:01,840 Speaker 1: he turns right before he loses the battle. He turns 1106 01:02:01,880 --> 01:02:04,680 Speaker 1: the city over the Japanese and then flees to another 1107 01:02:04,760 --> 01:02:09,360 Speaker 1: Japanese control part of China. And so for for for 1108 01:02:09,520 --> 01:02:11,600 Speaker 1: you know, for like a few months, Jongs like kind 1109 01:02:11,600 --> 01:02:16,120 Speaker 1: of out of it. But in Jong apparently still very 1110 01:02:16,200 --> 01:02:18,400 Speaker 1: much believing that this was all a temporary setback and 1111 01:02:18,480 --> 01:02:20,240 Speaker 1: that he was in fact still going to do this. 1112 01:02:21,680 --> 01:02:25,160 Speaker 1: They've all been temporary setbacks before, you know, so you 1113 01:02:25,280 --> 01:02:27,480 Speaker 1: can't fall to him. It's like, you know, whatever, if whope, 1114 01:02:27,560 --> 01:02:30,680 Speaker 1: fruit can come back, like yeah, maybe you can do 1115 01:02:30,760 --> 01:02:34,480 Speaker 1: it too, so you know, and he a bunch of 1116 01:02:34,640 --> 01:02:37,040 Speaker 1: the fift so okay. So so when when the Nationalists 1117 01:02:37,080 --> 01:02:43,520 Speaker 1: take Shandong, they they do like basically a version of 1118 01:02:43,560 --> 01:02:46,680 Speaker 1: deep pathification, except they can they do the worst of 1119 01:02:46,760 --> 01:02:50,479 Speaker 1: both worlds where they put like Jong subordinate in charge 1120 01:02:50,520 --> 01:02:53,400 Speaker 1: of the province as the warlord. But then also they 1121 01:02:53,440 --> 01:02:57,200 Speaker 1: fire all of his troops. So you have a warlord 1122 01:02:57,320 --> 01:03:00,800 Speaker 1: still ruling Shendung who everyone hates. And then also all 1123 01:03:00,840 --> 01:03:03,600 Speaker 1: of these troops are just like doing the bath party 1124 01:03:03,680 --> 01:03:05,520 Speaker 1: thing where they've just been fired and have no jobs. 1125 01:03:07,000 --> 01:03:11,600 Speaker 1: And so in Jong like returns to Shendong Province with 1126 01:03:11,680 --> 01:03:14,600 Speaker 1: two of his former allies and some backing by the Japanese, 1127 01:03:14,640 --> 01:03:17,200 Speaker 1: WITHO what sketchy to what has sent that. Exactly how 1128 01:03:17,280 --> 01:03:18,840 Speaker 1: much back he got from the Japanese is unclear, but 1129 01:03:18,880 --> 01:03:21,840 Speaker 1: he's usually gotten some backing, and he starts rebellion with 1130 01:03:21,920 --> 01:03:24,920 Speaker 1: his former troops. Tens of thousands of his ex soldiers 1131 01:03:24,920 --> 01:03:27,400 Speaker 1: flocked to his banner, but he's eventually defeated and forced 1132 01:03:27,440 --> 01:03:31,480 Speaker 1: to flee, like so many before him. The japan now 1133 01:03:31,640 --> 01:03:34,760 Speaker 1: Joon spends about four months living quietly in Japan until 1134 01:03:34,960 --> 01:03:38,840 Speaker 1: a cousin of the last Chinese emperor who seems to 1135 01:03:38,920 --> 01:03:41,000 Speaker 1: have pisted him off by sleeping with one of what 1136 01:03:41,120 --> 01:03:45,640 Speaker 1: are now being called Jong's wives. John is consideredly mad 1137 01:03:45,680 --> 01:03:49,680 Speaker 1: at this guy, and so one night he sits He's 1138 01:03:49,680 --> 01:03:52,720 Speaker 1: sitting like next to the window of his hotel room 1139 01:03:52,960 --> 01:03:57,120 Speaker 1: when the guy walks into the garden below him and 1140 01:03:57,160 --> 01:03:59,200 Speaker 1: I'm gonna I'm gonna read the description from Time because 1141 01:03:59,320 --> 01:04:01,800 Speaker 1: it's one of the most incredible things that ever been printed. 1142 01:04:03,400 --> 01:04:06,360 Speaker 1: This is from Time quote. At that moment, a bonut, 1143 01:04:06,800 --> 01:04:10,320 Speaker 1: a pistol with Marshall Jong happened to be holding, happened 1144 01:04:10,360 --> 01:04:13,800 Speaker 1: to go off, the bullet happened to strike the prince 1145 01:04:13,920 --> 01:04:17,440 Speaker 1: in the back, happened to kill him. John claimed this 1146 01:04:17,560 --> 01:04:24,640 Speaker 1: whole thing was an unfortunate accident happened. This is like, 1147 01:04:26,200 --> 01:04:28,920 Speaker 1: it's it's it's like the most it's the it's the 1148 01:04:29,440 --> 01:04:32,520 Speaker 1: single greatest example of they can't say he shot this 1149 01:04:32,600 --> 01:04:35,840 Speaker 1: guy that I've ever encountered in a media organization. Yeah, 1150 01:04:35,920 --> 01:04:39,320 Speaker 1: that's amazing. Yeah, And you know the other incredible thing 1151 01:04:39,360 --> 01:04:41,920 Speaker 1: about this is that, Okay, so she has just clearly 1152 01:04:42,000 --> 01:04:45,080 Speaker 1: murdered a dude. She has told the police that he 1153 01:04:45,200 --> 01:04:47,520 Speaker 1: was staying on a balcony and he fired a bullet 1154 01:04:47,560 --> 01:04:50,680 Speaker 1: and happened to go off, And the Japanese police, after 1155 01:04:50,800 --> 01:04:53,920 Speaker 1: again murdering a dude, are just like, yeah, whatever, just 1156 01:04:54,200 --> 01:05:00,240 Speaker 1: paying a hund fifty dollar fine. That's amazing. He really 1157 01:05:00,360 --> 01:05:04,080 Speaker 1: did just chaney that guy. And then like, you know, 1158 01:05:04,320 --> 01:05:08,360 Speaker 1: this is like I don't know this, this this is 1159 01:05:08,400 --> 01:05:13,240 Speaker 1: some just like incredibly weird, corrupt petty like petty police 1160 01:05:13,280 --> 01:05:15,080 Speaker 1: stuff too, where it's like, yeah, you murdered this guy, 1161 01:05:15,160 --> 01:05:17,400 Speaker 1: but like how do you deal? Are fine? It's fine? 1162 01:05:18,040 --> 01:05:21,400 Speaker 1: M hm oh no, that's that's fair because like what 1163 01:05:21,960 --> 01:05:24,160 Speaker 1: the hundred and fifty dollars was, like, I don't know 1164 01:05:25,520 --> 01:05:28,520 Speaker 1: worth a human life back then. I mean, okay, to 1165 01:05:28,920 --> 01:05:31,720 Speaker 1: be to be fair, this guy is a cousin of Pooyee, 1166 01:05:31,880 --> 01:05:37,080 Speaker 1: who's like one of the great world historical monsters, our 1167 01:05:37,240 --> 01:05:40,800 Speaker 1: arch trader demand kinds like enemy of all humanity, so 1168 01:05:40,880 --> 01:05:44,160 Speaker 1: you know he's related to him. So yeah, hundred it's fine. 1169 01:05:44,760 --> 01:05:47,400 Speaker 1: I mean, honestly, if if we developed a system of 1170 01:05:47,480 --> 01:05:50,280 Speaker 1: murder penalties where it was based on how shitty the 1171 01:05:50,320 --> 01:05:56,960 Speaker 1: person you shot was, um, why not? Yeah. So, you know, 1172 01:05:57,080 --> 01:06:00,360 Speaker 1: having having escaped this Jong, you know, he lives a 1173 01:06:00,400 --> 01:06:04,040 Speaker 1: fairly uneventful life with his mom and his quote wives 1174 01:06:04,280 --> 01:06:06,840 Speaker 1: for a few more years until the Japanese invaded Macharian 1175 01:06:07,560 --> 01:06:12,160 Speaker 1: one to destroy your precious armored trains. Now, Jong Soul 1176 01:06:12,280 --> 01:06:15,080 Speaker 1: yet another opportunity to make a comeback, and he travels 1177 01:06:15,120 --> 01:06:18,720 Speaker 1: to China touting his ability to lead the anti Japanese resistance. 1178 01:06:20,040 --> 01:06:22,880 Speaker 1: Unfortunately for him, in a train station at his home province, 1179 01:06:23,280 --> 01:06:26,120 Speaker 1: the nephew of a nationalist officer that John had executed 1180 01:06:26,480 --> 01:06:31,800 Speaker 1: like some years before, jumped out and shot him. Jong's 1181 01:06:31,800 --> 01:06:36,000 Speaker 1: final words were quote, no good, which you know, I 1182 01:06:36,080 --> 01:06:37,720 Speaker 1: think that's as good of a closing room work on 1183 01:06:37,800 --> 01:06:42,120 Speaker 1: John as you can get. I mean, you can't argue 1184 01:06:42,160 --> 01:06:45,840 Speaker 1: with the man that that's a fair thing. Been murdered. Oh, 1185 01:06:45,960 --> 01:06:50,040 Speaker 1: no good? You know what? Not on board with this. 1186 01:06:50,800 --> 01:06:55,440 Speaker 1: It's kind of my favorite thing. This is cancel culture. 1187 01:06:58,880 --> 01:07:02,959 Speaker 1: Oh what a rat dude? Um, No notes, great life, 1188 01:07:03,800 --> 01:07:06,480 Speaker 1: A couple of notes, A couple of notes, A lot 1189 01:07:06,560 --> 01:07:11,080 Speaker 1: of notes actually, But I like the trains, um And 1190 01:07:11,200 --> 01:07:13,000 Speaker 1: I like that his dick was the size of eight 1191 01:07:13,160 --> 01:07:21,360 Speaker 1: six paces. It's a lot of paceos for a dick. Well, Chris, 1192 01:07:21,680 --> 01:07:25,040 Speaker 1: this has been a wonderful journey um into history that 1193 01:07:25,120 --> 01:07:27,840 Speaker 1: I did not know, um, and it has taught me 1194 01:07:28,080 --> 01:07:33,240 Speaker 1: against more about paceos than I knew. So I'm I'm 1195 01:07:33,400 --> 01:07:37,240 Speaker 1: very pleased with how today has gone. How are you feeling, Oh, 1196 01:07:37,680 --> 01:07:40,120 Speaker 1: I'm doing pretty good. You know this this is kind 1197 01:07:40,120 --> 01:07:42,440 Speaker 1: of like you know, I wanted to say, this is 1198 01:07:42,520 --> 01:07:44,880 Speaker 1: like this is like the bad part of Chinese history, 1199 01:07:44,960 --> 01:07:47,080 Speaker 1: but like, no, every part of Chinese history is also 1200 01:07:47,120 --> 01:07:52,240 Speaker 1: the bad part of Trainese history. So the thing about history. 1201 01:07:53,000 --> 01:07:55,040 Speaker 1: Every now and then you get a guy who I 1202 01:07:55,080 --> 01:07:57,960 Speaker 1: don't know invented sea monkeys in order to fund national 1203 01:07:58,040 --> 01:08:00,080 Speaker 1: socialism and we have a laugh. But at there is 1204 01:08:00,120 --> 01:08:03,320 Speaker 1: a lot more, a lot more I don't know, uh, 1205 01:08:04,240 --> 01:08:08,720 Speaker 1: gangs of vibes being forced against their will to be 1206 01:08:08,800 --> 01:08:13,920 Speaker 1: concubines and um people being force fed uh soy pucks 1207 01:08:14,640 --> 01:08:18,799 Speaker 1: while they starve to death. More of that most of history. Good, Yeah, 1208 01:08:19,560 --> 01:08:23,639 Speaker 1: which is why why why this podcast exists and why 1209 01:08:23,720 --> 01:08:26,160 Speaker 1: you've all just finished listening to two and a half 1210 01:08:26,240 --> 01:08:32,280 Speaker 1: hours a real this podcast. Good koukie character. I liked 1211 01:08:32,360 --> 01:08:39,679 Speaker 1: my joke, Thank you so well. Have any plug as 1212 01:08:40,240 --> 01:08:42,720 Speaker 1: here it behind the bastards? Yeah, I am, I am 1213 01:08:43,040 --> 01:08:45,680 Speaker 1: at it me c hr three on Twitter or the 1214 01:08:45,720 --> 01:08:49,479 Speaker 1: isms be destroyed? Dude, Um, I have I have a 1215 01:08:49,520 --> 01:08:55,280 Speaker 1: substatis are known? Yes to your family? Yes, from from 1216 01:08:55,320 --> 01:08:57,759 Speaker 1: from from along an illustrious line of vice must be destroyed. 1217 01:08:58,800 --> 01:09:02,720 Speaker 1: Actually pre dates Ice by quite a bit um baffling 1218 01:09:02,840 --> 01:09:04,960 Speaker 1: story when you really get into it. Yeah nice, no 1219 01:09:05,120 --> 01:09:13,080 Speaker 1: good yes? Also yes, no good? Thank you well yeah, 1220 01:09:13,360 --> 01:09:17,400 Speaker 1: thank you thank you at home for listening. Um, that's 1221 01:09:17,439 --> 01:09:19,200 Speaker 1: going to do it. For us here behind the bastards 1222 01:09:19,240 --> 01:09:22,840 Speaker 1: for the week until next week. Grab an armored train 1223 01:09:23,880 --> 01:09:29,160 Speaker 1: press getting a bunch of people, enforced them into your militia. Uh, 1224 01:09:29,720 --> 01:09:34,719 Speaker 1: get dozens of concubines and you know, eventually get shot 1225 01:09:35,479 --> 01:09:39,920 Speaker 1: to death. No good. Well, okay, you could do other 1226 01:09:40,000 --> 01:09:43,599 Speaker 1: things if you prefer. Okay, by now,