1 00:00:04,720 --> 00:00:07,800 Speaker 1: On this episode of Newts World. Ninety five percent of 2 00:00:07,800 --> 00:00:11,719 Speaker 1: Americans over sixty have at least one chronic disease, and 3 00:00:11,800 --> 00:00:17,880 Speaker 1: almost as many have two chronic killers. Diabetes, obesity, heart disease, cancer, 4 00:00:18,280 --> 00:00:22,440 Speaker 1: and neurodegeneration are all diseases that need treatments to begin 5 00:00:22,920 --> 00:00:26,360 Speaker 1: long before middle age. In thirty years, will have five 6 00:00:26,480 --> 00:00:29,200 Speaker 1: times as many people at least one hundred years old, 7 00:00:29,520 --> 00:00:32,000 Speaker 1: and they will be healthier than ever because of new 8 00:00:32,200 --> 00:00:37,159 Speaker 1: medical breakthroughs. In his new book, super Agers and Evidence 9 00:00:37,159 --> 00:00:41,520 Speaker 1: Based Approach to Longevity, doctor Eric Topol provides a detailed 10 00:00:41,560 --> 00:00:45,239 Speaker 1: guide to a revolution transforming human longevity. And let me 11 00:00:45,280 --> 00:00:48,280 Speaker 1: say I've been through several briefings and meetings over the 12 00:00:48,360 --> 00:00:51,120 Speaker 1: years that doctor Topel is one of the most brilliant 13 00:00:51,640 --> 00:00:55,280 Speaker 1: and extraordinary people I've ever had the privilege of learning from, 14 00:00:55,320 --> 00:00:59,000 Speaker 1: and I'm thrilled that he's here. His unprecedented evidence based 15 00:00:59,000 --> 00:01:01,920 Speaker 1: guide is about how you and your family and friends 16 00:01:02,320 --> 00:01:05,560 Speaker 1: can benefit from new treatments coming available at a faster 17 00:01:05,680 --> 00:01:08,920 Speaker 1: rate than ever. From his unique position as a leader 18 00:01:08,959 --> 00:01:13,479 Speaker 1: overseeing millions in research funding, Doctor Topel also explains the 19 00:01:13,520 --> 00:01:18,399 Speaker 1: fundamental reasons from semaglutides to artificial intelligence that we can 20 00:01:18,440 --> 00:01:22,200 Speaker 1: be confident these breakthroughs will continue. I'm really pleased to 21 00:01:22,240 --> 00:01:25,360 Speaker 1: welcome my guest, doctor Eric tople. He is the executive 22 00:01:25,480 --> 00:01:29,680 Speaker 1: vice president and a professor of molecular Medicine at SCRIPTS Research, 23 00:01:30,080 --> 00:01:34,120 Speaker 1: the largest nonprofit biomedical institute of the United States. He 24 00:01:34,200 --> 00:01:38,720 Speaker 1: is also founder and director of the Script's Research Translational Institute, 25 00:01:38,840 --> 00:01:41,880 Speaker 1: and a practicing cardiologist. He is one of the top 26 00:01:42,000 --> 00:01:45,960 Speaker 1: ten most cited researchers in medicine, known for his groundbreaking 27 00:01:46,000 --> 00:01:50,960 Speaker 1: studies in AI in medicine, genomics, and digitized clinical trials. 28 00:01:51,200 --> 00:01:53,560 Speaker 1: He was named the Time one hundred list of the 29 00:01:53,560 --> 00:02:09,000 Speaker 1: most Influential People in Health in twenty twenty four. Doctor Topel, 30 00:02:09,520 --> 00:02:11,639 Speaker 1: thank you very much for joining us. 31 00:02:12,040 --> 00:02:14,800 Speaker 2: Oh, thank you. It's wonderful to be with you and 32 00:02:14,840 --> 00:02:17,480 Speaker 2: to have a chance to have another conversation. 33 00:02:17,080 --> 00:02:21,200 Speaker 1: In well in super agers, you expand the definition of 34 00:02:21,280 --> 00:02:26,080 Speaker 1: healthy lifestyle into what you call lifestyle plus. Why is 35 00:02:26,120 --> 00:02:30,400 Speaker 1: this broader approach factoring in things like pollution, loneliness, posture, 36 00:02:30,760 --> 00:02:35,160 Speaker 1: and even social connection so important to living longer and better? 37 00:02:36,160 --> 00:02:41,000 Speaker 2: Right, So, we have been traditionally just thinking of diet, exercise, 38 00:02:41,720 --> 00:02:44,440 Speaker 2: and in more recent years sleep health as the big 39 00:02:44,960 --> 00:02:48,600 Speaker 2: lifestyle factors, but we've learned so much about these other 40 00:02:48,840 --> 00:02:53,600 Speaker 2: layers of data and factors, as you mentioned, the environmental 41 00:02:54,000 --> 00:02:59,960 Speaker 2: burden of air pollution, microplastics and nanoplastics, the forever chemicals, 42 00:03:00,440 --> 00:03:04,160 Speaker 2: the consumption of ultra processed foods, but the good things 43 00:03:04,200 --> 00:03:09,160 Speaker 2: about social interactions, avoiding isolation, being out in nature. I mean, 44 00:03:09,160 --> 00:03:11,800 Speaker 2: there's so many different things now that add to the mix, 45 00:03:12,400 --> 00:03:13,679 Speaker 2: and that's why I try to come up with a 46 00:03:13,800 --> 00:03:17,520 Speaker 2: term to encompass it all. Because lifestyle factors was the 47 00:03:17,560 --> 00:03:19,720 Speaker 2: best one I could come up with, and they are 48 00:03:19,800 --> 00:03:23,600 Speaker 2: really important as part of our path to prevention. We 49 00:03:23,639 --> 00:03:26,880 Speaker 2: are in a position now to prevent the three major 50 00:03:27,000 --> 00:03:33,000 Speaker 2: age related diseases cancer, cardiovascler neurodegenerative. We've never been able 51 00:03:33,000 --> 00:03:36,440 Speaker 2: to do that. It's been a fantasy for millennia in medicine. 52 00:03:36,720 --> 00:03:39,840 Speaker 2: But we now, not just because of the lifestyle factors 53 00:03:39,880 --> 00:03:42,960 Speaker 2: that we understand at a much more granular level, but 54 00:03:43,440 --> 00:03:46,640 Speaker 2: because of other ways that we'll be discussing. This is 55 00:03:46,640 --> 00:03:50,200 Speaker 2: a really propitious moment in medicine now. 56 00:03:50,280 --> 00:03:53,040 Speaker 1: You suggestin I found those fascinating good The idea of 57 00:03:53,040 --> 00:03:56,840 Speaker 1: a one size fits all healthy diet is fundamentally flawed. 58 00:03:57,320 --> 00:03:59,320 Speaker 1: Why is it flawed and should we be looking at 59 00:03:59,360 --> 00:04:01,760 Speaker 1: a more personalized focus on nutrition. 60 00:04:02,520 --> 00:04:06,480 Speaker 2: Well, everything about us is unique. I mean even identical 61 00:04:06,520 --> 00:04:09,920 Speaker 2: twins are unique. So the fact that we would prescribe 62 00:04:10,360 --> 00:04:14,840 Speaker 2: a diet or anything for all people is really a miscue. 63 00:04:15,120 --> 00:04:17,800 Speaker 2: So a lot of work being done right now for 64 00:04:17,920 --> 00:04:21,920 Speaker 2: this whole concept of personalized nutrition for certain foods that 65 00:04:21,960 --> 00:04:27,120 Speaker 2: are really exacerbating the health of people because of promoting inflammation, 66 00:04:27,440 --> 00:04:30,800 Speaker 2: whereas others it doesn't have that effect. So in the 67 00:04:30,880 --> 00:04:34,080 Speaker 2: years ahead, a lot is being done to understand what 68 00:04:34,240 --> 00:04:36,599 Speaker 2: is the best diet at the individual level. 69 00:04:37,160 --> 00:04:39,720 Speaker 1: By recently going through a series of briefings on the 70 00:04:39,760 --> 00:04:42,840 Speaker 1: whole concept of making America healthy again, and they keep 71 00:04:42,960 --> 00:04:47,560 Speaker 1: talking about ultraprocessed food, and you make a case that 72 00:04:47,760 --> 00:04:51,800 Speaker 1: clearly ultra processed food has a huge impact on cardiovascular 73 00:04:51,880 --> 00:04:55,920 Speaker 1: metabolic diseases. I'm absolutely fascinated by the degree to which 74 00:04:56,000 --> 00:04:59,040 Speaker 1: ultra processed food is a major problem. 75 00:04:59,520 --> 00:05:02,520 Speaker 2: It is in the United States is the worst defender 76 00:05:02,560 --> 00:05:05,599 Speaker 2: in the world. The problem here is that we have 77 00:05:05,720 --> 00:05:10,320 Speaker 2: allowed a big food to spike their foods with all 78 00:05:10,360 --> 00:05:13,680 Speaker 2: sorts of things that are alien. If you look at 79 00:05:13,680 --> 00:05:18,559 Speaker 2: the ingredients on packages. You'll see things will never seen 80 00:05:18,600 --> 00:05:21,840 Speaker 2: before that aren't in our kitchen. And it turns out, 81 00:05:21,960 --> 00:05:25,320 Speaker 2: whether it's to promote texture, whether it's to get a 82 00:05:25,600 --> 00:05:29,039 Speaker 2: rush of the food that is absorbed more quickly, these 83 00:05:29,080 --> 00:05:33,120 Speaker 2: are things that are in a classification. There's a classification 84 00:05:33,200 --> 00:05:36,760 Speaker 2: called Nova Nova four. These are things that are really 85 00:05:37,200 --> 00:05:41,840 Speaker 2: promoting inflammation throughout the body and in the brain, and 86 00:05:41,880 --> 00:05:44,919 Speaker 2: it's really bringing on a much higher risk of these 87 00:05:45,240 --> 00:05:49,200 Speaker 2: age related diseases. So we have to get arms around this, 88 00:05:49,480 --> 00:05:52,600 Speaker 2: and very little has been done because the food industry, 89 00:05:52,640 --> 00:05:55,760 Speaker 2: of course, as opposed to it. What's really interesting is 90 00:05:55,760 --> 00:05:58,839 Speaker 2: that when people are taking these DLP one drugs like 91 00:05:58,880 --> 00:06:04,360 Speaker 2: ozembic and when jarrow, it changes their reward circuits and 92 00:06:04,400 --> 00:06:07,880 Speaker 2: they eat less ultra processed foods. They shift to healthy food. 93 00:06:08,080 --> 00:06:10,400 Speaker 2: It's amazing, you know. It isn't just using a way, 94 00:06:10,720 --> 00:06:13,680 Speaker 2: It isn't just about less inflammation and their body and 95 00:06:13,720 --> 00:06:17,440 Speaker 2: their brain. But they actually, somehow or other, they don't 96 00:06:17,480 --> 00:06:21,520 Speaker 2: get rewarded like they did previously by these I would 97 00:06:21,520 --> 00:06:24,760 Speaker 2: say contaminate or alien foods that are really bad for 98 00:06:24,839 --> 00:06:25,320 Speaker 2: our health. 99 00:06:25,600 --> 00:06:27,400 Speaker 1: I've probably gotten into this recently. I've been sort of 100 00:06:27,440 --> 00:06:32,039 Speaker 1: startled as you talk about the big food spends so 101 00:06:32,200 --> 00:06:35,359 Speaker 1: much on lobbying and such a huge impact that it 102 00:06:35,400 --> 00:06:39,080 Speaker 1: has been able to basically block efforts to get nutrition 103 00:06:39,760 --> 00:06:42,320 Speaker 1: in a serious way back into the core of the 104 00:06:42,320 --> 00:06:43,359 Speaker 1: decisions of the government. 105 00:06:44,279 --> 00:06:47,640 Speaker 2: Absolutely. You know, one of my colleagues in the UK 106 00:06:48,080 --> 00:06:51,320 Speaker 2: as a great physician scientist named Christan Tellican. He wrote 107 00:06:51,360 --> 00:06:55,240 Speaker 2: a book called Ultra process People. And in that book 108 00:06:55,360 --> 00:06:58,720 Speaker 2: he did an experiment on himself which is representative. I mean, 109 00:06:58,839 --> 00:07:03,520 Speaker 2: a healthy guy who is not overweight. For thirty days, 110 00:07:03,720 --> 00:07:06,560 Speaker 2: he took as much ultra processed food as he could. 111 00:07:07,040 --> 00:07:09,560 Speaker 2: Before he started, he took a brain scan and all 112 00:07:09,560 --> 00:07:13,760 Speaker 2: these blood has for inflammation, and by thirty days his 113 00:07:13,880 --> 00:07:18,400 Speaker 2: brain structures showed mark inflammation. All his blood tested he 114 00:07:18,440 --> 00:07:22,280 Speaker 2: gained twenty pounds. So this is a huge problem in 115 00:07:22,280 --> 00:07:25,440 Speaker 2: this country because we are way out in front of 116 00:07:25,480 --> 00:07:28,400 Speaker 2: the rest of the world on our consumption of ultra 117 00:07:28,400 --> 00:07:32,000 Speaker 2: processed foods, and that's going to really impede our ability 118 00:07:32,480 --> 00:07:34,880 Speaker 2: to prevent diseases. I mean, we have a path now 119 00:07:34,920 --> 00:07:37,560 Speaker 2: to do that, but the fact that our food supply 120 00:07:38,160 --> 00:07:41,440 Speaker 2: is so poor, particularly it's consumption of these food it's 121 00:07:41,440 --> 00:07:44,560 Speaker 2: because they're made to help people want to eat more 122 00:07:44,600 --> 00:07:47,600 Speaker 2: of them and not be satiated, and so we have 123 00:07:47,680 --> 00:07:48,720 Speaker 2: to do something about it. 124 00:07:49,120 --> 00:07:51,760 Speaker 1: I haven't sort of thinking this may be goofy that 125 00:07:52,160 --> 00:07:54,360 Speaker 1: you almost need to have an end factor for nutrition, 126 00:07:55,240 --> 00:08:00,240 Speaker 1: because the same tomato, depending on where it's grown, be 127 00:08:00,360 --> 00:08:04,000 Speaker 1: radically different in how much nutrition it has, And there 128 00:08:04,080 --> 00:08:06,320 Speaker 1: has to be some way for an average normal person 129 00:08:06,640 --> 00:08:08,240 Speaker 1: in the same way you could pick up a package 130 00:08:08,240 --> 00:08:10,200 Speaker 1: and look at calories, you ought to be able to see, 131 00:08:10,280 --> 00:08:12,920 Speaker 1: you know, is this one hundred percent nutrition or twenty 132 00:08:12,920 --> 00:08:15,520 Speaker 1: percent or ten percent? Because a lot of the stuff 133 00:08:15,600 --> 00:08:18,800 Speaker 1: that we buy, this inexpensive is mass produced in a 134 00:08:18,800 --> 00:08:21,200 Speaker 1: way that actually makes it less healthy. 135 00:08:22,200 --> 00:08:24,560 Speaker 2: That's right. I mean, I think if we stick to 136 00:08:25,120 --> 00:08:28,640 Speaker 2: fruits and vegetables, whole grains. There was a really big 137 00:08:28,680 --> 00:08:31,280 Speaker 2: study of over one hundred and five thousand people followed 138 00:08:31,280 --> 00:08:33,880 Speaker 2: for thirty years, and only nine percent of them made 139 00:08:33,920 --> 00:08:38,679 Speaker 2: it to this super agor status without the age related diseases. 140 00:08:38,920 --> 00:08:42,520 Speaker 2: And what did they eat. They ate this diet, you know, 141 00:08:42,559 --> 00:08:46,600 Speaker 2: a Mediterranean like diet low in red meat, not necessarily 142 00:08:46,679 --> 00:08:51,120 Speaker 2: you know, absent, but mainly concentrating on a plant based diet. 143 00:08:51,160 --> 00:08:55,160 Speaker 2: That is what correlated with their ability adjusting for all 144 00:08:55,200 --> 00:08:58,680 Speaker 2: other factors of how they could go to their seventy 145 00:08:58,679 --> 00:09:01,800 Speaker 2: eight seventy five and not have these diseases. 146 00:09:02,360 --> 00:09:06,040 Speaker 1: Do you bring a lifetime of study and I'm really 147 00:09:06,040 --> 00:09:09,360 Speaker 1: regard you as one of the leading students of human health. 148 00:09:09,840 --> 00:09:13,080 Speaker 1: What are the practical steps listeners to this podcast could 149 00:09:13,120 --> 00:09:15,280 Speaker 1: take to ensure healthy agent. 150 00:09:16,280 --> 00:09:19,080 Speaker 2: Yeah, so it isn't just the lifestyle factors as we've 151 00:09:19,080 --> 00:09:23,600 Speaker 2: been discussing. You know, ways to improve deep sleep because 152 00:09:23,640 --> 00:09:27,320 Speaker 2: that gets reduced during our aging as we get older, 153 00:09:27,679 --> 00:09:31,720 Speaker 2: and exercise being paramount and not just aerobic, but you 154 00:09:31,720 --> 00:09:37,360 Speaker 2: know resistance, strength, core, exercise, balance, positive, all that. But 155 00:09:37,440 --> 00:09:40,040 Speaker 2: what we really need to do is to define the 156 00:09:40,200 --> 00:09:44,199 Speaker 2: risk of people because we have twenty years before any 157 00:09:44,200 --> 00:09:47,520 Speaker 2: of these diseases actually take hold in our body and 158 00:09:47,720 --> 00:09:51,800 Speaker 2: show up. So with twenty years and inflammation being in 159 00:09:51,840 --> 00:09:56,679 Speaker 2: the common thread, we have a way partly using lifestyle factors, 160 00:09:56,720 --> 00:09:59,680 Speaker 2: but first we have to identify so we have to say, what, 161 00:10:00,240 --> 00:10:03,000 Speaker 2: if any disease are you at risk for in your 162 00:10:03,040 --> 00:10:06,800 Speaker 2: forties and fifties ideally, and then how are we going 163 00:10:06,840 --> 00:10:10,120 Speaker 2: to prevent that from ever occurring in your lifetime. We 164 00:10:10,240 --> 00:10:13,040 Speaker 2: have a way to do that now because what's happened. 165 00:10:13,080 --> 00:10:17,079 Speaker 2: You know, there's this amazing science of aging progress. Some 166 00:10:17,120 --> 00:10:20,160 Speaker 2: of it, of course, is being directed to the private 167 00:10:20,200 --> 00:10:25,640 Speaker 2: sector startup companies to try to reverse aging. Now that's exciting, 168 00:10:25,679 --> 00:10:27,920 Speaker 2: but we're not there yet. We're good at that in mice, 169 00:10:28,520 --> 00:10:31,520 Speaker 2: but not in people, right, and it carries risk. The 170 00:10:31,640 --> 00:10:34,160 Speaker 2: other part of the science of aging, which is extraordinary 171 00:10:34,240 --> 00:10:38,920 Speaker 2: that most people don't know about, are these clocks organ clocks. 172 00:10:39,320 --> 00:10:41,600 Speaker 2: So if I could draw a tube of your blood, 173 00:10:41,640 --> 00:10:44,160 Speaker 2: I could say, you know what, I got eight organs 174 00:10:44,320 --> 00:10:48,319 Speaker 2: on tracking and your immune system from these plasma proteins 175 00:10:48,400 --> 00:10:51,760 Speaker 2: up to eleven thousand plasma proteins in your body, and 176 00:10:51,800 --> 00:10:54,000 Speaker 2: I can say, you know, you check out well, all 177 00:10:54,080 --> 00:10:57,560 Speaker 2: your clocks are at your real age, your chronologic age, 178 00:10:57,640 --> 00:11:00,439 Speaker 2: or one of them. Let's say your heart is out 179 00:11:00,440 --> 00:11:04,640 Speaker 2: of sync and it's accelerating of aging. That gives me 180 00:11:04,880 --> 00:11:07,080 Speaker 2: a clue as to what I need to zoom in 181 00:11:07,120 --> 00:11:09,840 Speaker 2: on and find out are you at risks for let's say, 182 00:11:09,840 --> 00:11:13,400 Speaker 2: heart disease and get all over it long before you 183 00:11:13,480 --> 00:11:17,600 Speaker 2: ever would have a significant artery problem. So this is 184 00:11:17,640 --> 00:11:20,440 Speaker 2: a capability we have right now. We have markers for 185 00:11:20,600 --> 00:11:25,600 Speaker 2: Alzheimer's that show up more than twenty years before a 186 00:11:25,640 --> 00:11:29,880 Speaker 2: person would have mild cognitive impairment. We have a capability 187 00:11:29,920 --> 00:11:33,560 Speaker 2: now to really make a huge den in these big 188 00:11:33,600 --> 00:11:37,199 Speaker 2: three age related diseases, and we're not taking advantage of it. 189 00:11:37,480 --> 00:11:39,680 Speaker 1: One of the points you make is that strength training 190 00:11:40,160 --> 00:11:42,880 Speaker 1: is really important at a level you had not understood before. 191 00:11:43,200 --> 00:11:44,040 Speaker 1: Tell us about that. 192 00:11:44,600 --> 00:11:47,920 Speaker 2: Yeah, so what's interesting. As a cardiologist, I was always 193 00:11:48,040 --> 00:11:51,360 Speaker 2: big on only aerobic and when I had patients come 194 00:11:51,400 --> 00:11:54,240 Speaker 2: in with these big beach muscles, I'd say, well, wait 195 00:11:54,280 --> 00:11:57,200 Speaker 2: a minute, now, what about the aerobic exercise. Well, it 196 00:11:57,240 --> 00:12:02,960 Speaker 2: turns out strength training is equally important and its association 197 00:12:03,160 --> 00:12:07,600 Speaker 2: with healthy aging is vital. As we get older, we 198 00:12:07,800 --> 00:12:12,360 Speaker 2: lose muscle mass and we also have a propensity for falls, 199 00:12:12,400 --> 00:12:16,600 Speaker 2: and this is not good for longevity, particularly healthy agent. 200 00:12:17,040 --> 00:12:20,800 Speaker 2: So now the data show unequivocally that we should be 201 00:12:20,840 --> 00:12:24,240 Speaker 2: doing some resistance strength training at least a couple of 202 00:12:24,280 --> 00:12:27,559 Speaker 2: sessions a week, and that is a really important part 203 00:12:27,640 --> 00:12:29,920 Speaker 2: of the story to promote healthy aging. 204 00:12:48,520 --> 00:12:51,120 Speaker 1: One of the things you talk about is the importance 205 00:12:51,160 --> 00:12:54,280 Speaker 1: of deep sleep. I have sleep appness, so I actually 206 00:12:54,400 --> 00:12:57,800 Speaker 1: use a seatpap machine and I've been sort of surprised 207 00:12:58,120 --> 00:13:01,280 Speaker 1: that the machine has trained me. So I actually go 208 00:13:01,360 --> 00:13:04,880 Speaker 1: to sleep faster with my machine than I would if 209 00:13:04,880 --> 00:13:06,520 Speaker 1: I were, say at a hotel and did not have a 210 00:13:06,640 --> 00:13:11,000 Speaker 1: with me, And presumably it's really helpful over the long one. 211 00:13:11,400 --> 00:13:14,080 Speaker 1: I can report now as a witness that it seems 212 00:13:14,120 --> 00:13:16,199 Speaker 1: to have a very positive effect. 213 00:13:17,080 --> 00:13:20,000 Speaker 2: Yeah, so there's two things there that's really important. First, 214 00:13:20,120 --> 00:13:22,240 Speaker 2: there is a lot of sleep apnue that needs to 215 00:13:22,280 --> 00:13:25,240 Speaker 2: be treated, and a lot of people aren't aware of that. 216 00:13:25,520 --> 00:13:28,920 Speaker 2: But secondly, even if you are not having these spells 217 00:13:28,920 --> 00:13:33,080 Speaker 2: of slowed or stopping breathing, there's another part of the 218 00:13:33,120 --> 00:13:36,600 Speaker 2: deep sleep, so that during our sleep, particularly in the 219 00:13:36,640 --> 00:13:39,679 Speaker 2: early part of the night, we need to slow wate 220 00:13:39,720 --> 00:13:44,079 Speaker 2: sleep because it's during that where we clear our metabolites 221 00:13:44,080 --> 00:13:47,600 Speaker 2: from our brain, our waste products through a system that 222 00:13:47,679 --> 00:13:51,520 Speaker 2: we now know of as glim fattics, not limphatics, but 223 00:13:51,679 --> 00:13:55,319 Speaker 2: glim fatics, And so these glimpatics, these channels in our brain, 224 00:13:55,640 --> 00:13:59,640 Speaker 2: they basically get rid of all this toxic waste on 225 00:13:59,640 --> 00:14:03,960 Speaker 2: any basis. Now, what's amazing is we've learned now that 226 00:14:04,080 --> 00:14:07,440 Speaker 2: drugs like ambient you may feel like you slept, but 227 00:14:07,520 --> 00:14:10,559 Speaker 2: as it turns out, it actually backs up these metabolizes, 228 00:14:10,720 --> 00:14:13,480 Speaker 2: it prevents them from getting out of the brain. This 229 00:14:13,559 --> 00:14:17,000 Speaker 2: is one of the biggest risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. 230 00:14:17,040 --> 00:14:19,160 Speaker 2: So what we have to do is if we knew 231 00:14:19,160 --> 00:14:21,640 Speaker 2: that somebody had a risk for that, which we could 232 00:14:21,720 --> 00:14:25,200 Speaker 2: know decades in advance, we would really work on their sleep. 233 00:14:25,320 --> 00:14:28,600 Speaker 2: In fact, everyone should because as we get older, you know, 234 00:14:28,680 --> 00:14:32,720 Speaker 2: our deep sleep could get down to just single digit minutes, 235 00:14:32,760 --> 00:14:35,160 Speaker 2: which is really bad, and we want to get it 236 00:14:35,240 --> 00:14:38,280 Speaker 2: up to as high as we can, ideally close to 237 00:14:38,320 --> 00:14:42,720 Speaker 2: an hour people seventy and older. And so with tracking it, 238 00:14:43,120 --> 00:14:46,000 Speaker 2: that is you can either ring or smart watch, you 239 00:14:46,040 --> 00:14:48,440 Speaker 2: can find out exactly how many minutes each night you're 240 00:14:48,480 --> 00:14:51,160 Speaker 2: getting in deep sleep. It's pretty accurate, and then you 241 00:14:51,200 --> 00:14:53,440 Speaker 2: can work on it, like what is it that you're 242 00:14:53,440 --> 00:14:55,960 Speaker 2: doing in exercise or lack of it, What is it 243 00:14:56,080 --> 00:14:58,720 Speaker 2: you're eating, how late in the evening are you eating? 244 00:14:59,000 --> 00:15:02,800 Speaker 2: How do you handle? All these things will affect it. 245 00:15:02,840 --> 00:15:05,880 Speaker 2: And one of the biggest thing is regularity is sleep. 246 00:15:05,960 --> 00:15:08,280 Speaker 2: Our body wants to go to sleep at the same 247 00:15:08,360 --> 00:15:11,120 Speaker 2: time every night, but we don't let it. And sleep 248 00:15:11,160 --> 00:15:14,560 Speaker 2: regularity has a big association with all three of the 249 00:15:14,600 --> 00:15:15,800 Speaker 2: age related diseases. 250 00:15:16,560 --> 00:15:19,600 Speaker 1: We've noticed that we tend to go to bed earlier 251 00:15:20,600 --> 00:15:23,520 Speaker 1: then we used to, and I think it's probably helped us. 252 00:15:23,960 --> 00:15:25,920 Speaker 1: I notice you have a ring on your finger. Do 253 00:15:25,960 --> 00:15:27,880 Speaker 1: you believe in wearables and are they helpful? 254 00:15:28,800 --> 00:15:31,320 Speaker 2: I am using this R A ring. There are several 255 00:15:31,360 --> 00:15:34,360 Speaker 2: other rings like this, but what I found with it, 256 00:15:34,360 --> 00:15:36,960 Speaker 2: it helped me quite a bit to get deep sleep 257 00:15:37,000 --> 00:15:41,360 Speaker 2: more deep sleep. So basically a smart watch and a 258 00:15:41,520 --> 00:15:43,760 Speaker 2: R ring and I wear them every night just because 259 00:15:44,000 --> 00:15:47,720 Speaker 2: now I'm tracking how many minutes of deep sleep, knowing 260 00:15:47,720 --> 00:15:50,600 Speaker 2: how important that is to prevent Alzheimer's, which is something 261 00:15:50,600 --> 00:15:52,920 Speaker 2: I don't want to get. I was a poor sleeper. 262 00:15:53,160 --> 00:15:55,920 Speaker 2: I started with less than fifteen minutes a night, and 263 00:15:56,040 --> 00:15:59,760 Speaker 2: just by learning about all these things like sleep regularity, 264 00:16:00,360 --> 00:16:03,200 Speaker 2: like the interactions with what I was eating when I 265 00:16:03,280 --> 00:16:06,320 Speaker 2: was eating, what exercise when I was exercised, all these things, 266 00:16:06,880 --> 00:16:08,840 Speaker 2: I was able to get it up to over forty 267 00:16:08,840 --> 00:16:12,000 Speaker 2: five minutes tonight on average. For me at least, it 268 00:16:12,040 --> 00:16:14,600 Speaker 2: has help. And I think this is something that people 269 00:16:14,640 --> 00:16:17,800 Speaker 2: should think about, particularly as we get older, because that's 270 00:16:17,800 --> 00:16:20,360 Speaker 2: when the deep sleep becomes a big issue. We want 271 00:16:20,400 --> 00:16:23,160 Speaker 2: to get that stuff out of our brain those waste products, 272 00:16:23,360 --> 00:16:25,480 Speaker 2: and the only way we can do it is with 273 00:16:25,600 --> 00:16:29,760 Speaker 2: these glim fatics during deep sleep. That is the restoration 274 00:16:29,840 --> 00:16:32,360 Speaker 2: of sleep, the magic that we need. You know, you 275 00:16:32,360 --> 00:16:35,720 Speaker 2: could sleep maybe just six hours or even less, but 276 00:16:35,800 --> 00:16:38,200 Speaker 2: if you have forty five minutes to an hour of 277 00:16:38,240 --> 00:16:40,560 Speaker 2: deep sleep, that's a golden From. 278 00:16:40,440 --> 00:16:43,800 Speaker 1: A mental health standpoint, just having thirty minutes a week 279 00:16:43,840 --> 00:16:47,840 Speaker 1: in outdoor green spaces leads to lower rates of depression 280 00:16:47,880 --> 00:16:49,120 Speaker 1: and less high blood pressure. 281 00:16:49,760 --> 00:16:53,400 Speaker 2: It's true. That is the data for being out in 282 00:16:53,560 --> 00:16:57,200 Speaker 2: nature is striking. I was not aware of this until 283 00:16:57,200 --> 00:17:00,200 Speaker 2: I went in deep on this research and reviewed all 284 00:17:00,200 --> 00:17:03,000 Speaker 2: the papers. I have really struck by it. And now 285 00:17:03,040 --> 00:17:06,359 Speaker 2: we're talking about nature prescriptions for patients. We never talked 286 00:17:06,359 --> 00:17:09,960 Speaker 2: about that. This is another part of that lifestyle factors 287 00:17:10,000 --> 00:17:13,520 Speaker 2: that we have to acknowledge that it's really great when 288 00:17:13,560 --> 00:17:17,600 Speaker 2: you're with other people. That's even a double benefit because 289 00:17:17,840 --> 00:17:21,320 Speaker 2: social interactions and being out of nature are quite important. 290 00:17:21,560 --> 00:17:24,800 Speaker 1: This reminds me we currently have a sick care system 291 00:17:25,200 --> 00:17:28,240 Speaker 1: when what we actually want is a healthcare system that 292 00:17:28,440 --> 00:17:31,920 Speaker 1: simple breakpoint. This is a good example. If I can 293 00:17:31,960 --> 00:17:34,919 Speaker 1: get you to go out for thirty minutes or more 294 00:17:34,960 --> 00:17:38,760 Speaker 1: a week, and that actually lowers the likelihood of depression 295 00:17:39,440 --> 00:17:42,240 Speaker 1: as opposed to taking a drug for it. Some of 296 00:17:42,240 --> 00:17:44,640 Speaker 1: the stuff that you've put together is I assume it's 297 00:17:44,640 --> 00:17:46,280 Speaker 1: all true, but it sure is astonishing. 298 00:17:46,680 --> 00:17:48,840 Speaker 2: Well, I'll tell you another thing related to that, which 299 00:17:48,880 --> 00:17:52,040 Speaker 2: is astonishing. There's a graph and a book and also 300 00:17:52,560 --> 00:17:57,119 Speaker 2: texts associated with it. There's a study so striking on 301 00:17:57,280 --> 00:18:00,520 Speaker 2: people with depression taking these ssri I drs which are 302 00:18:00,800 --> 00:18:04,840 Speaker 2: pervasive like prozac and all the others, and every form 303 00:18:04,880 --> 00:18:09,800 Speaker 2: of exercise was better than the drugs, whether it's dancing 304 00:18:09,920 --> 00:18:12,800 Speaker 2: or walking or you name, it was better than the 305 00:18:12,880 --> 00:18:14,879 Speaker 2: drugs for reducing depression. 306 00:18:15,200 --> 00:18:19,359 Speaker 1: So a doctor who prescribed physical activity as opposed to 307 00:18:19,400 --> 00:18:20,240 Speaker 1: giving you a drug. 308 00:18:20,560 --> 00:18:23,800 Speaker 2: It's such an extraordinary study. And now one of the 309 00:18:23,800 --> 00:18:27,040 Speaker 2: biggest things it isn't that we don't know about these 310 00:18:27,040 --> 00:18:30,640 Speaker 2: lifestyle factors, but we in the US. You know, we're 311 00:18:30,680 --> 00:18:34,200 Speaker 2: great with technology. We're a leader, we're a leader in AI, 312 00:18:34,960 --> 00:18:37,520 Speaker 2: and what we want to do instead of trying to 313 00:18:37,560 --> 00:18:41,920 Speaker 2: treat diseases is truly prevent them. We couldn't do that before, 314 00:18:42,240 --> 00:18:45,760 Speaker 2: we couldn't do it. But now the combination of lifestyle 315 00:18:45,840 --> 00:18:48,560 Speaker 2: factors with AI, you know, we couldn't do this without AI. 316 00:18:48,680 --> 00:18:51,560 Speaker 2: You have to assemble billions of data points on each 317 00:18:51,600 --> 00:18:55,840 Speaker 2: person to say this is your risk and this is 318 00:18:55,840 --> 00:18:58,040 Speaker 2: what we're going to do about it. And so it 319 00:18:58,080 --> 00:19:00,560 Speaker 2: isn't just the lifestyle factors. We got to use all 320 00:19:00,600 --> 00:19:03,679 Speaker 2: the layers of data the AI to give us the 321 00:19:04,400 --> 00:19:07,879 Speaker 2: accurate and temporal So used to be let's say you 322 00:19:07,920 --> 00:19:10,840 Speaker 2: did a gene sequence and you say, oh, you're at 323 00:19:10,920 --> 00:19:14,560 Speaker 2: risk for Alzheimer's disease. Well, we didn't know from that 324 00:19:14,640 --> 00:19:17,520 Speaker 2: whether it's at age ninety eight or sixty eight. Now 325 00:19:17,520 --> 00:19:21,119 Speaker 2: we can pinpoint the time, not just the risk, and 326 00:19:21,520 --> 00:19:24,800 Speaker 2: it's very precise. So the whole idea is that we're 327 00:19:24,840 --> 00:19:28,560 Speaker 2: in a different time right now when prevention, which is 328 00:19:28,560 --> 00:19:31,439 Speaker 2: so attractive for its potential, right now, we need to 329 00:19:31,480 --> 00:19:33,960 Speaker 2: go after this and we're the perfect place to lead 330 00:19:34,000 --> 00:19:34,320 Speaker 2: the way. 331 00:19:35,240 --> 00:19:39,840 Speaker 1: I'm a big believer that artificial intelligence is going to 332 00:19:39,880 --> 00:19:43,480 Speaker 1: empower us both in efficiency and in the ability to 333 00:19:43,520 --> 00:19:47,240 Speaker 1: aggregate huge volumes of data and pinpoint things that you 334 00:19:47,280 --> 00:19:50,000 Speaker 1: just literally couldn't have done before. How do you see 335 00:19:50,000 --> 00:19:53,600 Speaker 1: that getting applied to the system, right. 336 00:19:53,800 --> 00:19:56,840 Speaker 2: So what we want to do now is to prove 337 00:19:57,359 --> 00:20:00,680 Speaker 2: that when you have all these layers of data. Obviously, 338 00:20:00,720 --> 00:20:03,360 Speaker 2: things like the Electronic Health rugty of all that, labs 339 00:20:03,359 --> 00:20:06,800 Speaker 2: and whatever skins AI can pick up things that we 340 00:20:06,880 --> 00:20:10,720 Speaker 2: never see, for example, normal labs. You've had normal labs 341 00:20:10,720 --> 00:20:13,720 Speaker 2: throughout your life, but it sees trends. We just look 342 00:20:13,760 --> 00:20:16,359 Speaker 2: at it normal or not. But this so called set 343 00:20:16,359 --> 00:20:20,879 Speaker 2: points for you. Then we add things like apologenic risk score, 344 00:20:21,000 --> 00:20:24,560 Speaker 2: which we have that for all common diseases, the common cancers, 345 00:20:24,640 --> 00:20:28,600 Speaker 2: heart disease, Alzheimer's, so we have that. And then we 346 00:20:28,680 --> 00:20:32,600 Speaker 2: have these clocks body wide clock it's called a methylation 347 00:20:33,000 --> 00:20:36,240 Speaker 2: epigenetic clock. We have organ clocks. We have all these 348 00:20:36,240 --> 00:20:40,760 Speaker 2: biomarker proteins. All these are inexpensive. When you put it 349 00:20:40,800 --> 00:20:45,120 Speaker 2: all together, along with a person's current lifestyle, you can 350 00:20:45,200 --> 00:20:48,200 Speaker 2: say this is your risk, whether it's a particular type 351 00:20:48,200 --> 00:20:52,920 Speaker 2: of cancer, heart disease, or neurodegenerate. And that's what we're 352 00:20:52,960 --> 00:20:55,960 Speaker 2: not doing. We're not doing these well before a person 353 00:20:56,000 --> 00:21:01,040 Speaker 2: ever has a disease. For example, the marker for Alzheimer's 354 00:21:01,320 --> 00:21:05,600 Speaker 2: it's called p COW two seventeen, that has been available 355 00:21:05,600 --> 00:21:08,920 Speaker 2: in the US for two years. Nobody knows about it, 356 00:21:09,200 --> 00:21:13,359 Speaker 2: but it's as good as a cerebral spinal fluid assessment. 357 00:21:13,600 --> 00:21:17,639 Speaker 2: It's as good as a PET scan. And this marker 358 00:21:18,200 --> 00:21:22,280 Speaker 2: is lowered by exercise and by healthy lifestyle, So it's 359 00:21:22,320 --> 00:21:25,560 Speaker 2: like an LDL cholesterol for heart disease. So why aren't 360 00:21:25,600 --> 00:21:28,280 Speaker 2: we using this? Why aren't we preventing Alzheimer's? You know 361 00:21:28,440 --> 00:21:30,879 Speaker 2: very well how much it costs to care for a 362 00:21:30,880 --> 00:21:33,560 Speaker 2: person with Alzheimer's who would want to get that dread 363 00:21:33,560 --> 00:21:37,399 Speaker 2: of disease. And that's why lifespan is not what we're after. 364 00:21:37,880 --> 00:21:41,760 Speaker 2: It's health span free of these diseases. We can do this, 365 00:21:41,880 --> 00:21:45,080 Speaker 2: but we haven't set our minds yet on our priorities, 366 00:21:45,080 --> 00:21:48,120 Speaker 2: our resources to do it. And we have the tools, 367 00:21:48,600 --> 00:21:51,800 Speaker 2: and the immune system is the common thread, and we 368 00:21:51,920 --> 00:21:54,880 Speaker 2: now have an immune system clock that we can use. 369 00:21:55,440 --> 00:21:57,760 Speaker 2: So why aren't we doing this? That's really what the 370 00:21:57,800 --> 00:22:01,600 Speaker 2: book is about, reviewing the lifestyle actors, but providing a 371 00:22:01,680 --> 00:22:05,239 Speaker 2: blueprint for how we can change the face of what 372 00:22:05,280 --> 00:22:08,360 Speaker 2: we call the elderly. That you started with, how many 373 00:22:08,359 --> 00:22:11,479 Speaker 2: people are sick to the welderly, which is the study 374 00:22:11,520 --> 00:22:14,919 Speaker 2: we did of fourteen hundred people with whole genomes, and 375 00:22:15,000 --> 00:22:18,360 Speaker 2: we didn't find anything these people, it's not their genes 376 00:22:18,400 --> 00:22:21,480 Speaker 2: that are doing it. It's their lifestyle, their immune system, 377 00:22:22,000 --> 00:22:24,240 Speaker 2: not in your DNA. For the most part. 378 00:22:43,560 --> 00:22:45,760 Speaker 1: You make the comment in your book that we're stuck 379 00:22:45,800 --> 00:22:48,399 Speaker 1: in the nineteen sixties in our approach to cancer. But 380 00:22:48,920 --> 00:22:51,320 Speaker 1: that's true almost across the border. I mean, we have 381 00:22:51,480 --> 00:22:56,720 Speaker 1: somehow culturally in the medical professions, financially, in these big companies, 382 00:22:57,280 --> 00:23:01,359 Speaker 1: including the insurance companies in the hospitals, have gotten locked 383 00:23:01,359 --> 00:23:05,119 Speaker 1: into a model which we objectively now know makes you 384 00:23:05,240 --> 00:23:07,879 Speaker 1: less likely to live longer and less likely to be healthy. 385 00:23:08,720 --> 00:23:12,200 Speaker 1: How do we get the transference to get the average 386 00:23:12,200 --> 00:23:15,840 Speaker 1: doctor to decide they can offer you a prescription to 387 00:23:15,880 --> 00:23:20,439 Speaker 1: go exercise instead of giving you an antidepressant. That's a 388 00:23:20,560 --> 00:23:23,800 Speaker 1: revolution that will be culturally very challenging. 389 00:23:24,680 --> 00:23:29,320 Speaker 2: It will be because we have such reliance on antidepressant 390 00:23:29,480 --> 00:23:32,840 Speaker 2: medications that don't work very well and can be superseded 391 00:23:32,880 --> 00:23:37,240 Speaker 2: by things like exercise. But I think the bigger problem, 392 00:23:37,320 --> 00:23:40,080 Speaker 2: and you allude to this with the cancer. You know, 393 00:23:40,160 --> 00:23:44,160 Speaker 2: this reactive rut that we're in. We stream for cancer 394 00:23:44,720 --> 00:23:48,000 Speaker 2: based on only age, you know, So if you're a 395 00:23:48,080 --> 00:23:50,119 Speaker 2: only in age forty or forty five, you're just to 396 00:23:50,160 --> 00:23:53,840 Speaker 2: have mammograms on a frequent basis. Well, eighty eight percent 397 00:23:53,880 --> 00:23:57,520 Speaker 2: of women, eighty eight percent will never have breast cancer 398 00:23:57,520 --> 00:23:59,879 Speaker 2: in their lifetime. Why do we put all these women 399 00:24:00,200 --> 00:24:03,840 Speaker 2: through all the waste? We can determine a person's risk 400 00:24:03,920 --> 00:24:07,560 Speaker 2: and partition the screening, but we don't do it. We 401 00:24:07,600 --> 00:24:11,199 Speaker 2: have so much more knowledge that we are implementing in 402 00:24:11,200 --> 00:24:14,000 Speaker 2: the daily practice of medicine. How is that going to 403 00:24:14,080 --> 00:24:18,800 Speaker 2: change if we don't really articulate the priorities, the opportunities, 404 00:24:19,240 --> 00:24:23,040 Speaker 2: and make for the compelling evidence. So the whole medical community, 405 00:24:23,080 --> 00:24:26,639 Speaker 2: all the clinicians, buy into it and change their practice. 406 00:24:26,840 --> 00:24:31,200 Speaker 1: You are extraordinarily knowledgeable. Ten years from now this has happened. 407 00:24:31,320 --> 00:24:32,320 Speaker 1: How did it happen? 408 00:24:33,240 --> 00:24:36,120 Speaker 2: Yeah, it could happen if we said, you know what, 409 00:24:36,160 --> 00:24:39,960 Speaker 2: we're going to be the world leader in preventing the 410 00:24:40,040 --> 00:24:43,359 Speaker 2: Big three age related diseases. That is what accounts for 411 00:24:43,480 --> 00:24:47,280 Speaker 2: our health span limits. And this is how we're going 412 00:24:47,359 --> 00:24:51,399 Speaker 2: to do it, and our investment in prevention is going 413 00:24:51,480 --> 00:24:54,080 Speaker 2: to be so extraordinary compared to where we are today. 414 00:24:54,480 --> 00:24:57,520 Speaker 2: We're going to make this accessible to all that is 415 00:24:57,560 --> 00:25:00,280 Speaker 2: this risk assessment, and we're not going to to do 416 00:25:00,320 --> 00:25:04,080 Speaker 2: it on stupid grounds of just age. It's not about 417 00:25:04,119 --> 00:25:07,000 Speaker 2: age only. There's other things here, and we're going to 418 00:25:07,040 --> 00:25:09,960 Speaker 2: have a systematic assessment of people as part of their 419 00:25:10,320 --> 00:25:14,520 Speaker 2: annual checkup to prevent diseases. And when we discover that 420 00:25:14,560 --> 00:25:16,679 Speaker 2: a person does have a high risk for one of 421 00:25:16,720 --> 00:25:21,120 Speaker 2: these three age related disease, we're going into high prevent mode. 422 00:25:21,320 --> 00:25:23,359 Speaker 2: We're going to pull out all the stops. We're going 423 00:25:23,400 --> 00:25:26,520 Speaker 2: to work with the person on their lifestyle. The excitement 424 00:25:26,680 --> 00:25:30,240 Speaker 2: regarding these drugs like azempic is not just because they 425 00:25:30,240 --> 00:25:34,560 Speaker 2: have such a remarkable weight loss. They have potent anti 426 00:25:34,600 --> 00:25:38,440 Speaker 2: inflammatory effects in the brain and in the body, and 427 00:25:38,480 --> 00:25:42,560 Speaker 2: they're being tested in Alzheimer's in thin people, large trials, 428 00:25:42,760 --> 00:25:45,760 Speaker 2: and there are so many other drugs that are coming 429 00:25:46,480 --> 00:25:48,919 Speaker 2: in the pipeline. These gut hormones that talk to our 430 00:25:48,960 --> 00:25:51,480 Speaker 2: immune system in our brain that are going to be 431 00:25:51,520 --> 00:25:55,360 Speaker 2: in pills, not just injectables, so it be inexpensive. We're 432 00:25:55,400 --> 00:25:58,159 Speaker 2: going to be having ways to modulate our immune system 433 00:25:58,200 --> 00:26:02,000 Speaker 2: like a riostat. We can do that. That's how we 434 00:26:02,119 --> 00:26:05,600 Speaker 2: prevent these diseases and we get all these super agers. 435 00:26:05,640 --> 00:26:08,280 Speaker 2: We want to have superagers. We don't want to have 436 00:26:08,600 --> 00:26:11,520 Speaker 2: people like we have today, which are just so much 437 00:26:11,600 --> 00:26:14,680 Speaker 2: chronic disease. I mean, there's an article in today's Wall 438 00:26:14,680 --> 00:26:18,440 Speaker 2: Street Journal about how we're the outlier of chronic diseases 439 00:26:18,440 --> 00:26:20,200 Speaker 2: among all the rich countries in the world. 440 00:26:20,960 --> 00:26:25,520 Speaker 1: That seems to be a combination of our cultural behaviors 441 00:26:25,560 --> 00:26:29,119 Speaker 1: and things like big food and the degree to which 442 00:26:30,080 --> 00:26:32,960 Speaker 1: we've talked to ourselves out of being an active country physically, 443 00:26:33,640 --> 00:26:37,280 Speaker 1: then we have undervalued the importance of being outdoors. 444 00:26:37,880 --> 00:26:40,600 Speaker 2: Those things are absolutely true, But we also want to 445 00:26:40,680 --> 00:26:43,879 Speaker 2: adopt a new strategy that is getting ahead of people. 446 00:26:43,920 --> 00:26:47,560 Speaker 2: When you think that we have twenty plus years before 447 00:26:47,640 --> 00:26:51,800 Speaker 2: these three diseases strikes, that gives us an amazing runway 448 00:26:51,800 --> 00:26:54,399 Speaker 2: to work with, but we're not using it, you know, 449 00:26:54,480 --> 00:26:56,680 Speaker 2: we're just, oh, well, the person had a heart attack 450 00:26:56,760 --> 00:26:59,959 Speaker 2: that we're going to really get on their LDL cholesterol. 451 00:27:00,080 --> 00:27:02,520 Speaker 2: A person has cancer, we're going to treat it and 452 00:27:02,560 --> 00:27:05,359 Speaker 2: hope for a remission. That's not when we want to 453 00:27:05,680 --> 00:27:08,360 Speaker 2: get all over. We want to just from MPs from happening. 454 00:27:08,600 --> 00:27:12,119 Speaker 2: We couldn't do it before, frankly, but we sure can now. 455 00:27:12,680 --> 00:27:15,280 Speaker 1: Do You talk as an example of all this, about 456 00:27:15,280 --> 00:27:18,399 Speaker 1: the breakthrough that the twenty twenty four Nobel Prize in 457 00:27:18,520 --> 00:27:22,840 Speaker 1: chemistry sort of outline and really dramatically changing things. As 458 00:27:22,880 --> 00:27:25,679 Speaker 1: a person who doesn't have nearly your knowledge, could you 459 00:27:25,760 --> 00:27:28,359 Speaker 1: explain to me why it was such a big deal 460 00:27:28,400 --> 00:27:29,520 Speaker 1: and what it means. 461 00:27:30,119 --> 00:27:34,800 Speaker 2: Yeah, So the work by Demis, yesabas John Jumper at 462 00:27:34,840 --> 00:27:38,600 Speaker 2: deep Mind, they basically figured out that we could predict 463 00:27:39,080 --> 00:27:45,000 Speaker 2: at atomic resolution the structure three D of essentially all 464 00:27:45,040 --> 00:27:48,680 Speaker 2: proteins in the universe, but hundreds of millions of them, 465 00:27:49,280 --> 00:27:55,240 Speaker 2: and that used a type of AI transformer AI now 466 00:27:55,280 --> 00:27:59,600 Speaker 2: known as large language models generative AI. And it was 467 00:27:59,600 --> 00:28:04,120 Speaker 2: a breakthrough because it started with protein structure and now 468 00:28:04,200 --> 00:28:09,120 Speaker 2: everybody's jumped on that to you name it, antibodies, small molecules, RNA. 469 00:28:09,800 --> 00:28:12,879 Speaker 2: There's now models for all this. So what that's doing 470 00:28:13,000 --> 00:28:16,639 Speaker 2: is accelerating drug discovery, and of course, you know throughout 471 00:28:16,680 --> 00:28:20,399 Speaker 2: the world there's now so many different efforts to bring 472 00:28:20,520 --> 00:28:25,000 Speaker 2: drugs that will help prevent these diseases. And that's why Demis, 473 00:28:25,000 --> 00:28:28,240 Speaker 2: who won that Nobel Prize, said recently on Sixty Minutes 474 00:28:28,280 --> 00:28:31,520 Speaker 2: that he thinks that we could eliminate these diseases in 475 00:28:31,560 --> 00:28:34,439 Speaker 2: the next decade. I'm not quite as optimistic, I can 476 00:28:34,520 --> 00:28:37,040 Speaker 2: say it, because we don't change easily. You know, we 477 00:28:37,200 --> 00:28:41,480 Speaker 2: are very kind of sclerotic in our medical community. I'm 478 00:28:41,520 --> 00:28:44,600 Speaker 2: representing the medical community here, and I know it takes 479 00:28:44,760 --> 00:28:48,160 Speaker 2: much longer than it should to affect the change, but 480 00:28:48,280 --> 00:28:49,880 Speaker 2: I do share the optimism. 481 00:28:50,320 --> 00:28:52,480 Speaker 1: It's really interesting. I just got a briefing this last 482 00:28:52,480 --> 00:28:55,480 Speaker 1: week for about two hours on the whole concept of 483 00:28:55,520 --> 00:29:00,960 Speaker 1: making America healthy again, and the parallelisms are hearing. And 484 00:29:01,040 --> 00:29:04,160 Speaker 1: I think that the President and Secretary of Health Human 485 00:29:04,240 --> 00:29:07,680 Speaker 1: Services Kennedy, are going to do a joint event maybe 486 00:29:07,680 --> 00:29:10,840 Speaker 1: next Thursday and lay out that you have to have 487 00:29:10,880 --> 00:29:15,000 Speaker 1: this fundamental revolution and how we think about it, and 488 00:29:15,080 --> 00:29:18,080 Speaker 1: that if we do it right, we actually dramatically lower 489 00:29:18,120 --> 00:29:22,160 Speaker 1: the cost are sick care because people just stay healthy. Frankly, 490 00:29:22,440 --> 00:29:24,520 Speaker 1: one of the biggest fights they're going to have is 491 00:29:24,520 --> 00:29:27,080 Speaker 1: big food. I mean, big food is going to go 492 00:29:27,160 --> 00:29:29,080 Speaker 1: nuts at the idea that we're going to try to 493 00:29:29,120 --> 00:29:31,480 Speaker 1: transition the country off of ultra processed food. 494 00:29:32,280 --> 00:29:35,959 Speaker 2: Absolutely we've never tackled them. That's just incredible, really, And 495 00:29:36,320 --> 00:29:39,200 Speaker 2: you know what if we provided incentives for people to 496 00:29:39,320 --> 00:29:42,880 Speaker 2: do these healthy lifestyle things and we just promoted that 497 00:29:43,160 --> 00:29:45,880 Speaker 2: like we've never done, you know, that's not been something 498 00:29:45,960 --> 00:29:48,800 Speaker 2: and that's a great opportunity, and I'm glad, of course 499 00:29:48,840 --> 00:29:51,680 Speaker 2: that that's a goal. Now. I hope that Big Food 500 00:29:51,720 --> 00:29:53,440 Speaker 2: will we put in their proper place. 501 00:29:53,800 --> 00:29:55,760 Speaker 1: Oh, I think this will be one of the great 502 00:29:55,800 --> 00:29:58,400 Speaker 1: historic fights. This will be comparable to taking on the 503 00:29:58,480 --> 00:30:02,440 Speaker 1: railroads in the eighteen nineties or standard oiler at and T. 504 00:30:03,600 --> 00:30:06,719 Speaker 1: As I think about this, you know you could in 505 00:30:06,760 --> 00:30:11,000 Speaker 1: fact have this is just blue sky, but you could have, 506 00:30:11,120 --> 00:30:15,240 Speaker 1: for example, an annual tax credit. If in fact you 507 00:30:15,320 --> 00:30:19,240 Speaker 1: had a health score for every person who avoids Alzheimer's, 508 00:30:20,280 --> 00:30:24,640 Speaker 1: the amount we say would be staggering, So you could 509 00:30:24,720 --> 00:30:28,680 Speaker 1: over time bend the curve by creating incentives for health 510 00:30:29,200 --> 00:30:33,000 Speaker 1: rather than just payments for sickness. And I think if 511 00:30:33,040 --> 00:30:35,520 Speaker 1: you said to people, I'm going to minimize your risk 512 00:30:35,560 --> 00:30:39,160 Speaker 1: of heart disease, minimize your risk of cancer, and minimize 513 00:30:39,200 --> 00:30:43,440 Speaker 1: your risk of Alzheimer's. But that means this program you 514 00:30:43,560 --> 00:30:45,000 Speaker 1: might have astonishing uptake. 515 00:30:45,840 --> 00:30:48,040 Speaker 2: We should be right getting on it, because you know 516 00:30:48,080 --> 00:30:51,080 Speaker 2: these are easy to track. You don't have to be 517 00:30:51,200 --> 00:30:53,840 Speaker 2: a spartan athlete, just go for a walk. But if 518 00:30:53,920 --> 00:30:56,160 Speaker 2: you do these things and you work on sleep health 519 00:30:56,200 --> 00:30:59,040 Speaker 2: and you have a healthy diet, I review this in 520 00:30:59,080 --> 00:31:03,760 Speaker 2: the book, you can get seven to ten years of 521 00:31:03,880 --> 00:31:07,760 Speaker 2: healthy agent without these three age related diseases. Just that 522 00:31:08,080 --> 00:31:12,200 Speaker 2: it's extraordinary, and so to prevent these diseases at the 523 00:31:12,240 --> 00:31:16,720 Speaker 2: individual level and at the American population level, that should 524 00:31:16,760 --> 00:31:18,360 Speaker 2: be objective number one. 525 00:31:18,480 --> 00:31:20,560 Speaker 1: And I think in that sense, making clear that we 526 00:31:20,640 --> 00:31:23,680 Speaker 1: are now for the first time, going to create a 527 00:31:23,720 --> 00:31:27,280 Speaker 1: healthcare system, not a sick care system, that could become 528 00:31:27,320 --> 00:31:30,800 Speaker 1: a very very exciting effort that I think would attract 529 00:31:30,800 --> 00:31:32,040 Speaker 1: an amazing amount of attention. 530 00:31:32,880 --> 00:31:35,800 Speaker 2: I'm excited about it. I'm bringing with optimism about what 531 00:31:35,880 --> 00:31:39,760 Speaker 2: the opportunities are right now, knowing you you'll potentially help 532 00:31:39,880 --> 00:31:42,040 Speaker 2: to make it actualize it to a reality. 533 00:31:42,480 --> 00:31:45,560 Speaker 1: Your book is coming out at I think an amazingly 534 00:31:46,160 --> 00:31:51,360 Speaker 1: almost miraculous moment. I think because you're providing a scientific 535 00:31:51,400 --> 00:31:55,000 Speaker 1: basis a lifetime of investment, and it's pretty hard for 536 00:31:55,040 --> 00:31:57,800 Speaker 1: people not to say that you are a serious person 537 00:31:58,240 --> 00:32:01,600 Speaker 1: with a serious understanding. This is real, this is not 538 00:32:01,640 --> 00:32:04,440 Speaker 1: just rhetoric. I hope we can work together in some 539 00:32:04,480 --> 00:32:06,480 Speaker 1: of these things. I think we could be right at 540 00:32:06,480 --> 00:32:11,080 Speaker 1: the edge of an extraordinary revolution that moves us decisively 541 00:32:11,480 --> 00:32:14,800 Speaker 1: towards being a much healthier country with much longer lives 542 00:32:15,040 --> 00:32:18,040 Speaker 1: and as a consequence, a much less expensive health system. 543 00:32:18,480 --> 00:32:21,520 Speaker 2: You nailed it. I hope we can seize the opportunity. 544 00:32:21,560 --> 00:32:24,000 Speaker 1: Really, Look, Eric, I want to thank you for joining me. 545 00:32:24,040 --> 00:32:26,520 Speaker 1: As I said at the beginning, every time I'm with you, 546 00:32:26,880 --> 00:32:30,480 Speaker 1: it is an exhilarating experience. You are a remarkable person. 547 00:32:30,840 --> 00:32:35,120 Speaker 1: Your new book, Superagers and Evidence Based Approach to Longevity 548 00:32:35,520 --> 00:32:39,160 Speaker 1: is available now on Amazon and in bookstores everywhere, and 549 00:32:39,200 --> 00:32:42,400 Speaker 1: it's a very important book. I recommend everyone get a copy, 550 00:32:42,480 --> 00:32:45,240 Speaker 1: read it and then apply it to your life. It's 551 00:32:45,280 --> 00:32:47,040 Speaker 1: not just a book to be read and say less interesting. 552 00:32:47,200 --> 00:32:48,960 Speaker 1: It's a book to be read and say wow. It's 553 00:32:49,000 --> 00:32:52,200 Speaker 1: a cookbook for living longer and healthier. For listeners who 554 00:32:52,200 --> 00:32:54,800 Speaker 1: want to follow your regular work, they can subscribe to 555 00:32:54,840 --> 00:32:58,720 Speaker 1: your newsletter Ground Truths on substep. And I really appreciate 556 00:32:58,680 --> 00:32:59,600 Speaker 1: your being with me today. 557 00:33:00,280 --> 00:33:03,000 Speaker 2: Oh I've enjoyed the conversation immensely. Thank you. 558 00:33:06,200 --> 00:33:08,320 Speaker 1: Thank you to my guests, doctor Eric Topel. You can 559 00:33:08,360 --> 00:33:10,920 Speaker 1: get a link to buy his new book, super Agers 560 00:33:11,280 --> 00:33:14,680 Speaker 1: an Evidence Based Approach to Longevity on our show page 561 00:33:14,760 --> 00:33:18,440 Speaker 1: at Newtsworld dot com. Newsworld is produced by Gingristree sixty 562 00:33:18,720 --> 00:33:23,280 Speaker 1: and iHeartMedia. Our executive producer is Guarnsi Sloan. Our researcher 563 00:33:23,480 --> 00:33:26,719 Speaker 1: is Rachel Peterson. The artwork for the show was created 564 00:33:26,720 --> 00:33:30,400 Speaker 1: by Steve Penley. Special thanks to the team at Gingridtree sixty. 565 00:33:30,840 --> 00:33:33,080 Speaker 1: If you've been enjoying Newtsworld, I hope you'll go to 566 00:33:33,120 --> 00:33:36,400 Speaker 1: Apple Podcast and both rate us with five stars and 567 00:33:36,440 --> 00:33:38,880 Speaker 1: give us a review so others can learn what it's 568 00:33:38,920 --> 00:33:42,520 Speaker 1: all about. Right now, listeners of Newsworld can sign up 569 00:33:42,520 --> 00:33:46,040 Speaker 1: for my three free weekly columns at Gingrispree sixty dot 570 00:33:46,120 --> 00:33:49,720 Speaker 1: com slash newsletter. I'm Newt Gingrich. This is Newtsworld.