WEBVTT - Image File Types 0:00:00.320 --> 0:00:02.880 Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera. 0:00:03.200 --> 0:00:08.920 It's ready. Are you get in touch with technology? With 0:00:09.039 --> 0:00:17.840 tech Stuff from how stuff looks dot com. Hi there, everybody, 0:00:17.880 --> 0:00:20.720 and welcome to tech Stuff. My name is Chris Polette, 0:00:20.720 --> 0:00:22.880 and I'm the tech editor here at how stuff works 0:00:22.920 --> 0:00:25.840 dot com. Sitting across from me, as usual, is senior 0:00:25.840 --> 0:00:31.720 writer Jonathan Strickland's Hey there everyone, Mellow times, mellow tis times. 0:00:32.000 --> 0:00:34.400 Can you picture that? That's a rainy day outside? Is 0:00:34.479 --> 0:00:36.199 It's kind of a nasty day in Atlanta. It's a 0:00:36.200 --> 0:00:39.159 good day for a podcast. Yeah, yeah, why don't we 0:00:39.200 --> 0:00:41.199 do one of those? Let's let's start it off with 0:00:41.240 --> 0:00:47.960 a little listener mail. This listener mail comes from Andrew. 0:00:48.600 --> 0:00:51.559 Andrew says, Hey, tech crew, I was just wondering what 0:00:51.640 --> 0:00:54.040 the difference is between the different image file types such 0:00:54.080 --> 0:01:00.639 as gift, jpeg, tiff, bitmap sixteen color, two fifty six color, 0:01:00.680 --> 0:01:03.280 twenty four bit. Any help you could give would be 0:01:03.440 --> 0:01:07.840 much appreciated. Well, Andrew, that's what this podcast is all about. 0:01:08.040 --> 0:01:13.360 Different image file types. Yea, yeah, there are a lot 0:01:13.440 --> 0:01:16.119 of Actually you talked talked about a lot of different things. Um, 0:01:16.800 --> 0:01:20.319 there are several different file types and for good reason. 0:01:20.360 --> 0:01:24.440 I mean a lot of them are used for print 0:01:25.000 --> 0:01:28.880 and those are your TIFFs and EPs files, and there 0:01:28.920 --> 0:01:31.759 are lots and lots of other really highly specialized file 0:01:31.800 --> 0:01:34.040 a lot of proprietary ones, but those two are the 0:01:34.319 --> 0:01:36.520 two you know, generic ones. And then there are things 0:01:36.600 --> 0:01:39.880 like uh, you know, used for the web, which are 0:01:39.959 --> 0:01:42.160 your gifts. I found out that's the way the creator 0:01:42.200 --> 0:01:45.760 pronounced it. You know, I've been calling a gift for 0:01:45.920 --> 0:01:48.520 a long time. Uh yeah, what is dot dot com 0:01:48.640 --> 0:01:51.120 is great for this kind of stuff and the JPEGs, 0:01:51.560 --> 0:01:53.840 and there are tons and tons and tons of other ones, 0:01:54.080 --> 0:01:56.960 uh that are related to that. You know that you 0:01:57.000 --> 0:01:59.600 would find that you might stick in a word documentary, 0:01:59.640 --> 0:02:03.760 things like that bitmap images or pings right, um, And 0:02:03.960 --> 0:02:08.320 really most of this comes down to lossy versus lossless compression. 0:02:09.160 --> 0:02:11.760 So those of you who have listened to our podcasts 0:02:11.800 --> 0:02:15.280 on MP three's, you know that that is a an 0:02:15.320 --> 0:02:19.880 audio file compression format, and it's a lossy compression format, 0:02:19.960 --> 0:02:22.600 meaning that as you compress the file, you lose some 0:02:22.760 --> 0:02:26.000 of the information in that file. So in the case 0:02:26.080 --> 0:02:28.680 of MP three's, that means that you might get an 0:02:28.720 --> 0:02:31.320 audio file that doesn't sound quite as good as the 0:02:31.400 --> 0:02:33.800 original recording, And of course, depending on the bit rate 0:02:33.840 --> 0:02:35.160 you choose, if you choose a really low one, it 0:02:35.280 --> 0:02:39.440 might sound really kind of poor compared to the original. Well, 0:02:39.560 --> 0:02:42.840 the same sort of thing holds true for image files. 0:02:43.240 --> 0:02:46.239 If you have a lossy format, there's a chance that 0:02:46.560 --> 0:02:49.519 the image that you get, uh, isn't going to look 0:02:49.680 --> 0:02:53.880 as good as the original source that that you you know, 0:02:53.960 --> 0:02:58.160 the original version of that image. That's right. UM. Basically, 0:02:58.360 --> 0:03:02.760 in any image file, any digital image file, UM, it's 0:03:02.760 --> 0:03:06.000 a file that contains information. It's just like a word 0:03:06.080 --> 0:03:10.040 processing document. It's just like a music file. UM. Basically, 0:03:10.120 --> 0:03:13.720 you have data and you need something that will read 0:03:13.800 --> 0:03:17.440 the data. And the way that data is organized and 0:03:17.600 --> 0:03:20.480 the file the program that you used to read the file. 0:03:21.200 --> 0:03:23.280 You know, those are all contingent on a number of 0:03:23.320 --> 0:03:26.480 different things, and all these different file formats are UM 0:03:26.720 --> 0:03:31.799 geared for specific purposes. For example, you wouldn't want to 0:03:31.880 --> 0:03:35.480 use a tiff file for a web page for a 0:03:35.560 --> 0:03:38.080 couple of reasons, one being that most browsers can't read 0:03:38.120 --> 0:03:39.960 TIF files. That would be my number one, that would 0:03:39.960 --> 0:03:42.720 be way up there. But even if browsers could read them, 0:03:42.800 --> 0:03:44.760 you probably wouldn't want to use them because the file 0:03:44.800 --> 0:03:47.240 sizes are going to be much much larger than a 0:03:47.320 --> 0:03:51.520 JPEG of the same kind of picture. Yeah, TIFF stands 0:03:51.560 --> 0:03:55.320 for tagged image file format and UM it's it's very 0:03:55.440 --> 0:04:00.320 very popular because it's used it's used in instances where 0:04:00.520 --> 0:04:03.680 you want high quality. It can actually store pages worth 0:04:03.720 --> 0:04:07.720 of information and it can actually include metadata information about 0:04:07.800 --> 0:04:11.960 that file UM, which is why it's used by you know, 0:04:12.080 --> 0:04:16.800 people like archivists museums often use these and they can 0:04:16.839 --> 0:04:19.880 be huge, huge, huge files, and you can you can 0:04:19.960 --> 0:04:22.080 use these also if you want to print images and 0:04:22.200 --> 0:04:25.760 have the print quality be very high. Because something that 0:04:25.839 --> 0:04:29.000 looks good on your screen, I'm sure we're all familiar 0:04:29.040 --> 0:04:30.880 with this, when you print it out on on a printer, 0:04:31.040 --> 0:04:33.680 it may not look nearly as good in printed format 0:04:33.800 --> 0:04:35.800 as it did on a screen. And that's kind of 0:04:35.880 --> 0:04:37.960 the whole dots per inch thing. And I mean, there's 0:04:38.120 --> 0:04:41.200 there's a lot of different factors that go into that. 0:04:41.680 --> 0:04:43.480 TIP files tend to be one of the ones that 0:04:43.520 --> 0:04:47.640 are are used heavily in the print industry, and uh 0:04:47.839 --> 0:04:51.200 EPs files encapsulated PostScript are also used heavily in the 0:04:51.240 --> 0:04:54.720 print industry. Now they don't. They're not often UM they 0:04:54.760 --> 0:04:58.760 don't have the ability to hold a lot of pages. 0:04:58.800 --> 0:05:01.480 It's basically one page age and it's often used with 0:05:01.880 --> 0:05:05.680 UM with vector images more so than than TIFF files. Now, 0:05:06.720 --> 0:05:08.640 before I get into that, I would like to point 0:05:08.640 --> 0:05:14.080 out that what Jonathan was saying especially true for these 0:05:14.240 --> 0:05:17.560 print file formats like EPs and TIFF, because UM, these 0:05:17.640 --> 0:05:21.320 are formats that you are going to see UH used 0:05:21.360 --> 0:05:24.880 in high resolution situations where you have three hundred, six hundred, 0:05:24.920 --> 0:05:28.600 twelve hundred or even more UM dots or pixels per inch, 0:05:29.560 --> 0:05:31.960 depending on whether you're printing or actually viewing the file 0:05:32.560 --> 0:05:34.839 and UM. And that's the thing is, I mean, they're 0:05:34.960 --> 0:05:37.920 they're often huge. Now, they don't absolutely have to be 0:05:38.560 --> 0:05:40.840 UM just like you can use one of the web 0:05:41.480 --> 0:05:45.080 typical file formats and have them be ginormous because they're 0:05:45.160 --> 0:05:48.160 you know, very large and size, you know, physical size 0:05:48.640 --> 0:05:51.120 and hold a lot of information. But I mean these 0:05:51.160 --> 0:05:54.200 are the kinds of UH formats that do particularly well 0:05:54.920 --> 0:05:58.760 UM now, and there there is that one difference in 0:05:58.880 --> 0:06:02.840 EPs and well most of these others um it can 0:06:02.920 --> 0:06:06.520 actually support vector graphics. Now, what's a vector graphic you 0:06:06.640 --> 0:06:11.120 might ask, or graphic? UM? I was totally waiting for 0:06:11.320 --> 0:06:16.719 an airplane quote there anyway. UM, vector graphics are basically 0:06:16.960 --> 0:06:21.520 line arn't drawings that they're mathematical in shape. Say, you know, 0:06:21.640 --> 0:06:25.560 you can use Adobe Illustrator to create these or fireworks 0:06:26.080 --> 0:06:28.520 or some of those other programs, and you could maybe 0:06:28.640 --> 0:06:32.839 use UM, you know, create a star for example. Well, 0:06:32.960 --> 0:06:35.279 if you're doing this in a vector graphics image program 0:06:35.320 --> 0:06:37.520 where you're actually drawing this by hand or you know, 0:06:37.600 --> 0:06:42.120 with a mouse, UM, you basically that's a mathematical representation 0:06:42.320 --> 0:06:44.640 of that drawing. It can be resized, it can be 0:06:44.720 --> 0:06:47.400 made larger or smaller as you need to, and it's 0:06:47.400 --> 0:06:51.160 not going to cause any degradation in the file quality. UM, 0:06:51.400 --> 0:06:53.800 which is really cool because you can't do that with 0:06:54.120 --> 0:06:57.920 a raster or bitmap image because each of those little 0:06:58.000 --> 0:07:00.320 pixels you see on the screen are all that there. 0:07:00.760 --> 0:07:03.000 You can shrink them, but you can't make them larger 0:07:03.080 --> 0:07:05.880 because the computer is gonna have to make up stuff 0:07:05.960 --> 0:07:08.200 that goes in between those pixels. And it's just kind 0:07:08.200 --> 0:07:10.680 of a blue green. I can throw another blue green 0:07:10.760 --> 0:07:13.040 in here, Otherwise it just spreads out and you'd have 0:07:13.040 --> 0:07:14.920 a lot of little dots. That's why if you blow 0:07:15.040 --> 0:07:18.120 up a picture that was shot at a specific size 0:07:18.800 --> 0:07:20.440 and you try to blow it up to make a 0:07:20.480 --> 0:07:22.840 poster out of it, you're gonna see a lot of 0:07:23.360 --> 0:07:26.320 artifacts and errors in that image. Is gonna look kind 0:07:26.320 --> 0:07:28.480 of blocky, it's gonna look the color is not gonna 0:07:28.520 --> 0:07:30.960 look right. Um. Yeah, there are a lot of problems 0:07:31.120 --> 0:07:33.640 if you try to go beyond what the resolution allows. 0:07:34.560 --> 0:07:37.440 And that's uh so, tiff and EPs are primarily used 0:07:37.440 --> 0:07:40.040 for print now. The others are stuff that you probably 0:07:40.120 --> 0:07:44.080 see far more frequently, things like the jeff and jpeg 0:07:44.320 --> 0:07:49.480 and occasionally the ping and uh so ping that would 0:07:49.520 --> 0:07:54.680 be another lossless storage format. Yeah, so mostly, I mean 0:07:54.880 --> 0:07:58.240 it's it's it's funny because when you were talking about 0:07:58.240 --> 0:08:02.240 compression earlier, that's the aventually what we're doing with JPEGs 0:08:02.280 --> 0:08:05.280 and pings, I mean, to get them down on the web. 0:08:06.200 --> 0:08:08.080 You know, file sizes on the web. We're a real 0:08:08.240 --> 0:08:12.560 problem when everybody was using dial up modems because you know, 0:08:12.600 --> 0:08:16.200 if you had these gigantic files on on your website, 0:08:16.240 --> 0:08:18.800 all these images, I mean, you're downloading every image that's 0:08:18.800 --> 0:08:22.440 on a website. So if every file is you know, 0:08:22.640 --> 0:08:26.080 half a meg and size, then suddenly every web page 0:08:26.120 --> 0:08:27.920 you look at is fifty megs, and it's going to 0:08:28.000 --> 0:08:30.040 take ten minutes to look at and people aren't going 0:08:30.080 --> 0:08:33.040 to visit your website very often, right, Yeah, a delay 0:08:33.080 --> 0:08:35.920 of over a few seconds is pretty frustrating for the 0:08:35.960 --> 0:08:38.760 average web user, especially, I mean even now in broadband, 0:08:38.960 --> 0:08:41.800 we've become accustomed to speed, and when it starts to 0:08:41.840 --> 0:08:45.280 take longer, well we decide that's not a place worth 0:08:45.400 --> 0:08:49.080 visiting and we go somewhere else. Um. So now PNG 0:08:49.360 --> 0:08:53.640 uses ZIP compression yea, which I used quite a bit 0:08:53.679 --> 0:08:56.920 in other forms of a file compression. But yeah, it's 0:08:56.920 --> 0:09:00.200 supposed to be. It's it's lostless and um, as long 0:09:00.280 --> 0:09:03.280 as you have the right uh, the right software to 0:09:03.920 --> 0:09:06.600 decode that to unzip, then you're fine. You can view 0:09:06.679 --> 0:09:09.760 it and there's no problem. Um. And of course that's 0:09:09.760 --> 0:09:12.760 one of those that's widely available. So that makes the 0:09:12.840 --> 0:09:16.640 PNG format pretty attractive. It's still fairly rare. Um, it's 0:09:16.679 --> 0:09:19.280 not necessarily something you're gonna run into a lot compared 0:09:19.320 --> 0:09:22.080 to the JPEG and Jeff's. Yes, as a matter of fact, 0:09:23.040 --> 0:09:26.160 the PING was sort of supposed to be a competitor 0:09:26.240 --> 0:09:29.599 to the JEFF. UM. See that the Jeff uses l 0:09:29.720 --> 0:09:33.360 z W compression actually named for the people who invented it, lampl, 0:09:33.480 --> 0:09:37.200 Zev and Welch their last names. Um. See, the thing 0:09:37.320 --> 0:09:41.280 is the Jeff is owned by unities, uh, and you 0:09:41.360 --> 0:09:43.079 can license it. As a matter of fact, if you 0:09:43.160 --> 0:09:45.199 have a website and you have Jeff's on it, you're 0:09:45.240 --> 0:09:48.280 supposed to obtain a license from unitis in order to 0:09:48.360 --> 0:09:52.400 do this. This is not necessarily a paid transaction. But 0:09:52.720 --> 0:09:54.720 the thing is, people said, you know what, I don't 0:09:54.880 --> 0:09:57.120 want I want to use something that is free for 0:09:57.240 --> 0:10:00.240 me to use, which is why people were using, Um, 0:10:01.040 --> 0:10:04.240 we're switching to JPEGs so often. But JPEGs do better 0:10:04.400 --> 0:10:07.400 with certain kinds of images because of the compression that 0:10:07.440 --> 0:10:10.280 they use and Jeff's use. You know. Basically people use 0:10:10.960 --> 0:10:14.760 JPEGs for photos and Jeffs for drawings. Yeah. And the 0:10:14.840 --> 0:10:17.320 reason for that is that JPEGs are are better at 0:10:17.400 --> 0:10:20.760 handling images that have sort of a continuous color range 0:10:20.920 --> 0:10:23.840 in them. Um, they can handle images that have lots 0:10:23.880 --> 0:10:26.599 and lots of different colors. So if you were to 0:10:26.679 --> 0:10:29.040 take an image of say the sky, let'sen you take 0:10:29.040 --> 0:10:31.480 a photo of the sky, there's gonna be lots of 0:10:31.559 --> 0:10:34.280 different and it's a sunny day. All right, there's gonna 0:10:34.280 --> 0:10:37.439 be a lot of different of versions of the color blue. 0:10:37.760 --> 0:10:40.640 It's not just gonna all be one blue color, you know, 0:10:40.920 --> 0:10:43.400 the same color of blue. Right, It's gonna be a gradient, 0:10:44.160 --> 0:10:46.120 especially like late in the day, you know, as the 0:10:46.160 --> 0:10:47.679 sun is setting more early in the day, when the 0:10:47.679 --> 0:10:49.520 sun is rising right where you'll you might get it, 0:10:49.679 --> 0:10:53.199 you know, darker towards the horizon or whatever. Uh, You're 0:10:53.200 --> 0:10:56.559 gonna get a lot of different versions of the color blue. 0:10:56.679 --> 0:11:00.720 And with something like a JPEG that can handle that gradation, 0:11:01.600 --> 0:11:04.760 it can handle that continuous change of colors. Uh. And 0:11:04.920 --> 0:11:09.240 the compression format that JPEGs us is a lossy format, 0:11:09.360 --> 0:11:12.199 so you do lose information as you compress. But the 0:11:12.280 --> 0:11:16.280 nice thing about JPEG is you can control how compressed 0:11:16.400 --> 0:11:19.439 the file is. Yes, yes, that's true. So if you 0:11:19.600 --> 0:11:21.520 use a low level of compression, you know the file 0:11:21.559 --> 0:11:23.640 size is going to be larger. But on the other hand, 0:11:23.640 --> 0:11:26.880 you're gonna retain more information. If you compress the heck 0:11:26.960 --> 0:11:29.040 out of it, you're gonna lose a lot of information, 0:11:29.120 --> 0:11:32.079 but the file size will be nice and tiny. You know. 0:11:32.240 --> 0:11:35.199 It's funny because um, these file formats have been in 0:11:35.400 --> 0:11:38.560 use for quite some time now, and there have been 0:11:38.880 --> 0:11:41.680 many efforts to try to upgrade them. I mean, paying 0:11:41.800 --> 0:11:44.520 is just one of them. JPEG two thousand is another. 0:11:44.679 --> 0:11:49.920 It's a refinement of the jpegh wealth theoretically it's a refinement. 0:11:49.960 --> 0:11:53.240 It's actually a completely different way of compressing the file. 0:11:53.440 --> 0:11:56.400 And um, you know, the idea is to get it 0:11:56.520 --> 0:12:00.319 as you know, keep as much information as possible, um, 0:12:00.840 --> 0:12:03.439 you know, without creating artifacts, with creating a you know, 0:12:03.520 --> 0:12:07.000 giving a better color range. Um. The thing is that 0:12:07.720 --> 0:12:10.160 right at the moment, there's really nothing that's replacing the 0:12:10.240 --> 0:12:14.080 JPEG and the JEFF on the website despite these advances. 0:12:14.160 --> 0:12:15.880 And we should also mention that, you know, we were 0:12:15.880 --> 0:12:18.640 talking about the JPEGs really good for for images that 0:12:18.720 --> 0:12:22.160 have continuous color gradations. Jeff's really good for images that 0:12:22.400 --> 0:12:26.360 don't have that, um have have maybe some uh some 0:12:26.600 --> 0:12:29.600 clearly defined images. Now Jeff is capable of showing up 0:12:29.600 --> 0:12:32.760 to two fifty six colors in a single image. If 0:12:32.960 --> 0:12:36.640 the image has more than two hundred and fifty six colors, 0:12:37.040 --> 0:12:41.560 it's going to fudge a bit. It's gonna you're gonna 0:12:41.760 --> 0:12:43.680 end up with the compression, You're gonna end up having 0:12:44.320 --> 0:12:47.439 colors that are close to what the original color is 0:12:47.760 --> 0:12:51.000 supposed to be but aren't exactly the same, So just 0:12:51.360 --> 0:12:53.959 tend to be really good for things like graphics, not 0:12:54.080 --> 0:12:58.880 necessarily pictures. Um, pictures isn't like photographs, so JPEGs are 0:12:58.920 --> 0:13:02.959 better for photos are better for for graphic images. You 0:13:03.040 --> 0:13:04.920 think about the fact that you should be able to 0:13:05.000 --> 0:13:07.400 see or at least your computer probably tells you you 0:13:07.480 --> 0:13:10.520 can see millions of colors, and Jeff is only showing 0:13:10.559 --> 0:13:13.000 you two hundred and fifty six of those colors. Probably 0:13:13.040 --> 0:13:16.160 gives you a good idea of why people are trying, 0:13:16.480 --> 0:13:19.679 you know, have tried to improve upon the the Jeff 0:13:19.800 --> 0:13:23.640 is in UH file that now. UM. You know, one 0:13:23.720 --> 0:13:27.000 time people were really concerned about the two D sixteen 0:13:27.120 --> 0:13:29.920 Web safe colors, and I don't really see people talking 0:13:29.960 --> 0:13:32.320 about that nearly as often as they used to. UM. 0:13:32.440 --> 0:13:34.920 But basically, these were the two D and sixteen UH 0:13:35.040 --> 0:13:38.800 colors that could be rendered on both Windows and Macintosh 0:13:39.120 --> 0:13:42.719 platforms because UM, the gamma in those and in the 0:13:42.800 --> 0:13:47.160 two systems is a little bit different. UM. But you know, 0:13:47.280 --> 0:13:49.079 you really don't see that nearly as often. And you 0:13:49.160 --> 0:13:53.800 also don't see the other big Jeff proponent, which was 0:13:53.880 --> 0:13:56.440 the animated Jeff I used to allow you too. Well, 0:13:56.520 --> 0:13:59.040 it still does allow you to create a Jeff that 0:13:59.120 --> 0:14:02.200 has multiple pan else. Now, of course people use flash 0:14:02.520 --> 0:14:06.120 and they don't really use you know, animated gifts anymore. 0:14:06.320 --> 0:14:11.240 But now he also asked about bitmap files. Now, bitmaps 0:14:11.240 --> 0:14:15.920 a proprietary image file format from Microsoft. Well, okay, bitmapped 0:14:15.960 --> 0:14:20.040 images are or raster images used in a generic sense. 0:14:20.360 --> 0:14:24.240 I mean, jpeg is a bitmapped image, sure, but bitmap 0:14:24.320 --> 0:14:30.240 as a file form exactly. Yes, I'm glad you did 0:14:30.320 --> 0:14:32.640 clear that up so that that maybe heads off a 0:14:32.680 --> 0:14:37.720 little listener mail because we'll Yeah. So BMP is specifically 0:14:37.800 --> 0:14:43.880 is the uncompressed proprietary file format that Microsoft created. Um not, 0:14:44.080 --> 0:14:46.120 you don't see a lot of it. I used to 0:14:46.160 --> 0:14:48.840 actually use bitmap images quite a quite a bit in 0:14:48.960 --> 0:14:52.840 my old job, and that was because the software we 0:14:53.000 --> 0:14:56.320 used it was all Microsoft Office software, and occasionally I 0:14:56.360 --> 0:14:59.680 would need to take images from the web or from 0:15:00.440 --> 0:15:04.280 from certain other kinds of files, whether they be um 0:15:04.800 --> 0:15:09.760 uh charts, graphs, pie charts, the sort of stuff. Sometimes 0:15:09.840 --> 0:15:12.560 bitmap was the best option to to go with when 0:15:12.880 --> 0:15:15.520 importing it into something like power Point. I mean, it 0:15:15.600 --> 0:15:19.040 was on Microsoft UH format in the first place, so 0:15:19.160 --> 0:15:21.440 of course you would expect it to work pretty well 0:15:21.600 --> 0:15:25.040 within their suite of programs, and um, often I would 0:15:25.040 --> 0:15:27.640 find that that would create the best image for those 0:15:27.720 --> 0:15:31.840 sorts of applications. Outside of that, haven't seen a whole 0:15:31.920 --> 0:15:35.480 lot of use for it, right right, Yeah, it's still 0:15:35.560 --> 0:15:37.960 in use though, I mean people, it's it's still I 0:15:38.040 --> 0:15:41.120 still see attachments as as dot b MP files from 0:15:41.200 --> 0:15:45.680 time to time, not very frequently, um, you know, so 0:15:45.920 --> 0:15:48.080 it's it's just less in use. And then he also 0:15:48.160 --> 0:15:52.560 brought up a bit depth to yes, yes, which has 0:15:52.640 --> 0:15:55.040 to do with color, right, yes, Yes, the amount of 0:15:55.160 --> 0:15:57.680 basically the amount of colors in the image. And that's 0:15:57.760 --> 0:16:00.560 that's when you were talking about the two color sort 0:16:00.680 --> 0:16:03.080 in the in the jift fun like a one bit 0:16:03.200 --> 0:16:05.440 would be something that has to be black or white 0:16:05.800 --> 0:16:08.440 because it's either white or black. That's the one bit, 0:16:08.600 --> 0:16:10.520 So you know, like a zero and a one type 0:16:10.560 --> 0:16:15.160 of thing. Um, yeah, that's essentially what that refers to. 0:16:15.360 --> 0:16:17.880 The different bits kind of talk about the different levels 0:16:17.920 --> 0:16:20.120 of color. So I guess sixteen, but I think that's 0:16:20.160 --> 0:16:23.000 gray scale. It would be the various versions of grass. 0:16:23.000 --> 0:16:25.240 I suppose you could have a sixteen bit color as well. Yeah, 0:16:25.400 --> 0:16:28.600 you gray scale I think is sixteen bit. Yeah, well, 0:16:28.640 --> 0:16:31.120 I mean it's it's basically the bit depth is uh. 0:16:31.440 --> 0:16:33.560 And it's not just an image that can have bit depth. 0:16:33.600 --> 0:16:36.120 I mean your your computer monitor has a bit depth 0:16:36.200 --> 0:16:39.600 and um, it's basically the range of color that is 0:16:40.520 --> 0:16:43.520 able that it's able to display. So, I mean an 0:16:43.760 --> 0:16:46.920 image file can be limited to a certain amount of 0:16:47.040 --> 0:16:49.720 bit depth in which you know, and and that's good 0:16:49.920 --> 0:16:52.760 for a web image because if you have a uh, 0:16:53.120 --> 0:16:55.800 you know, a sixteen bit image and a thirty two 0:16:55.840 --> 0:16:57.320 bit image, you know, if you're trying to keep the 0:16:57.320 --> 0:16:59.680 file size down, you can limit the bit depth and 0:17:00.000 --> 0:17:02.040 would have reduced that just compressed it a little bit 0:17:02.080 --> 0:17:04.240 more to try to to keep the file size to 0:17:04.320 --> 0:17:06.200 a minimum. I decided to look it up just to 0:17:06.280 --> 0:17:09.960 make sure. Yeah again heading off the listener, sixteen bits, Yeah, 0:17:10.119 --> 0:17:15.200 it actually uh, the tiff files, PNG files and uh, well, 0:17:15.320 --> 0:17:17.119 the TIP and P and g fils they can do 0:17:17.240 --> 0:17:21.200 gray scale as a eight or sixteen bits um JPEGs 0:17:21.240 --> 0:17:23.960 it's eight bits. So I knew I had heard about 0:17:24.000 --> 0:17:25.880 the sixteen bits somewhere, and then I had to look 0:17:25.960 --> 0:17:29.639 it up and see exactly where that was and uh, 0:17:29.720 --> 0:17:31.560 and it is important, it's just not the kind of 0:17:31.640 --> 0:17:34.280 thing that most people are thinking about probably when they're 0:17:34.600 --> 0:17:38.480 when they're creating. Now there's the the braw UH format, 0:17:38.560 --> 0:17:42.240 which some people say isn't technically a format, um, but 0:17:42.359 --> 0:17:44.879 it's basically a capture mode on your on a lot 0:17:44.960 --> 0:17:48.359 of digital cameras, especially higher end digital cameras and uh, 0:17:48.800 --> 0:17:53.879 professional photographers. You know, probably just about everybody uses the 0:17:54.000 --> 0:17:58.040 raw setting and basically gives you everything that's coming through 0:17:58.040 --> 0:18:00.639 the lens. The biggest downside on the raw format is 0:18:00.680 --> 0:18:05.000 that every manufacturer has its own variation of the raw format. 0:18:05.840 --> 0:18:09.320 So yeah, because it's not a it's not a standardized right. 0:18:09.720 --> 0:18:12.240 Since it's not standardized, that means that you know, the 0:18:12.640 --> 0:18:15.320 raw images you take with one digital camera from one 0:18:15.400 --> 0:18:18.480 manufacturer may not may not be at all the same 0:18:18.640 --> 0:18:20.560 as the kind that you take on a totally different 0:18:20.600 --> 0:18:23.440 camera from a totally different manufacturer, but it will give 0:18:23.480 --> 0:18:27.120 you a lot better quality and it is lossless, right, 0:18:27.960 --> 0:18:30.879 So yeah, just keep that in mind. The that it 0:18:31.040 --> 0:18:34.520 is not a technical you know I s O certified 0:18:34.640 --> 0:18:38.399 file format, and you may find some other image files 0:18:38.440 --> 0:18:42.160 out there as well. There's things like PSD files which 0:18:42.200 --> 0:18:47.800 a photo or PSP which would be paint shop proh. Yes, 0:18:48.000 --> 0:18:50.280 so there are other proprietary files out there. Of course 0:18:50.320 --> 0:18:53.720 those aren't nearly as UM, you know, widespread as the 0:18:54.280 --> 0:18:58.320 JPEG and Jeff's yep, ye, working Jeff as much as 0:18:58.359 --> 0:19:01.280 I can to make up for my my your Jeff 0:19:01.400 --> 0:19:05.400 my gift gaff or was it my Jeff jaff? I'm 0:19:05.480 --> 0:19:09.840 so confused now, yes, yeah, UM, a PSD. Actually, that's 0:19:09.920 --> 0:19:13.640 that's interesting that you would mention that, because UM designers 0:19:13.680 --> 0:19:17.080 are probably gonna be more familiar with the PSD file. UM. 0:19:17.440 --> 0:19:20.600 One of the cool things about working with Photoshop is 0:19:20.680 --> 0:19:24.120 that you can create files with multiple layers UM. Then 0:19:24.160 --> 0:19:27.119 you can save it as a variety of different files. Now, UM, 0:19:27.440 --> 0:19:29.920 a Photoshop document, when you're actually working with it, you 0:19:29.960 --> 0:19:33.399 can have tons and tons of different layers UM that 0:19:33.760 --> 0:19:36.520 you can use to apply. For example, I'm using UH 0:19:37.320 --> 0:19:39.399 right now for one of the classes I'm taking for 0:19:39.480 --> 0:19:44.280 my graduate degree. UM. I am basically marking up websites 0:19:44.320 --> 0:19:46.879 to talk about the different parts, and I am creating 0:19:46.920 --> 0:19:49.280 different layers that draw attention to different ones so that 0:19:49.359 --> 0:19:52.560 I can say, Okay, in this example, we're talking about 0:19:52.560 --> 0:19:56.480 sections A and G. In this example, we're talking about B, C, 0:19:56.800 --> 0:20:00.000 D N F. Well, in this case, I have multiple layers, 0:20:00.000 --> 0:20:01.360 and I can turn on the ones that I want 0:20:01.400 --> 0:20:04.040 to display, save the file, then turn those off and 0:20:04.119 --> 0:20:06.480 turn the other ones on for the next one. Well, 0:20:07.200 --> 0:20:09.359 the problem is that when you leave the layers on, 0:20:10.400 --> 0:20:12.600 you can't save. It is really anything other than the 0:20:12.600 --> 0:20:15.720 Photoshop document. If you want to make a JPEG or 0:20:16.240 --> 0:20:18.680 a ping or whatever out of it, you're going to 0:20:18.760 --> 0:20:20.960 have to flatten the image in order to do that 0:20:21.040 --> 0:20:25.560 because it doesn't those file formats don't necessarily support multiple layers. 0:20:26.240 --> 0:20:28.040 But it is very cool and in that it allows 0:20:28.080 --> 0:20:30.280 you to do that. And another one created by Adobe 0:20:30.359 --> 0:20:34.000 would be the uh PDF, a portable document format which 0:20:34.000 --> 0:20:37.200 so many people you use now UM and that is 0:20:37.480 --> 0:20:40.399 really an image in a lot of cases. You know, 0:20:40.480 --> 0:20:43.119 it can be a scan of an article. UM, it 0:20:43.160 --> 0:20:44.920 could be a form that allows you to fill it out, 0:20:44.920 --> 0:20:48.160 but it is you know, it's sort of pinch hits 0:20:48.200 --> 0:20:51.160 as a file format, an image file format in some cases. 0:20:51.440 --> 0:20:54.640 One of the cool things about it is especially for businesses, 0:20:54.760 --> 0:20:57.159 which really why one of the reasons why they support 0:20:57.200 --> 0:21:00.080 it so much is that, um, you can't modify it. 0:21:00.440 --> 0:21:02.600 So if you stand out a thing, is they please 0:21:02.760 --> 0:21:05.200 review this. They can put notes on it, they can 0:21:05.440 --> 0:21:07.440 you know, say these different things, but they can't go 0:21:07.600 --> 0:21:09.400 change it and then send it out to people, which 0:21:09.440 --> 0:21:11.960 can be really infuriating when you're the creative person actually 0:21:12.000 --> 0:21:14.560 making the documentary. Why didn't you send that out? The 0:21:14.640 --> 0:21:17.000 nice thing is not only not only do you not 0:21:17.119 --> 0:21:20.440 have to worry about the modifying it, but the software 0:21:20.560 --> 0:21:25.040 to view it is readily available. Yes, anyone can download 0:21:25.280 --> 0:21:28.920 a free viewer to view PDF files and it's built 0:21:28.960 --> 0:21:32.480 into browsers now as a plug in. Um. It's even 0:21:32.600 --> 0:21:36.600 supported widely in the operating systems now, at least far 0:21:36.680 --> 0:21:39.520 more than it was. That it's uh it's initial release, right. 0:21:39.520 --> 0:21:41.399 I remember when you had to actually hunt down the 0:21:41.480 --> 0:21:45.840 little the plug in and and downloaded and and install it. 0:21:46.160 --> 0:21:48.639 It's not not the case anymore. Yeah. I doubt that 0:21:48.680 --> 0:21:52.080 Adobe technically considers it a you know, an image file format, 0:21:52.160 --> 0:21:58.280 but it sort of production well, yeah, I don't really 0:21:58.320 --> 0:22:00.320 have any other image file for well and true. I 0:22:00.440 --> 0:22:04.520 hope that answers your question to your satisfaction. I guess 0:22:04.600 --> 0:22:07.960 that leads us to our second instance of listener mail, 0:22:11.359 --> 0:22:14.399