WEBVTT - Wasps: Not as cute as bees 0:00:00.360 --> 0:00:02.480 Hey, everybody, it's us and we're here to talk to 0:00:02.520 --> 0:00:04.960 you about get this our book. We have a Stuff 0:00:04.960 --> 0:00:07.320 you Should Know book coming out this November and you're 0:00:07.360 --> 0:00:09.320 going to love it, and you can preorder it now. 0:00:09.640 --> 0:00:12.559 That's try it. It's called Stuff you Should Know Collen, 0:00:13.680 --> 0:00:18.080 an incomplete compendium of mostly interesting things, and it's been 0:00:18.079 --> 0:00:19.880 a lot of fun to work on and we're really, 0:00:20.600 --> 0:00:23.560 I mean genuinely excited about how this thing has come together. Yep. 0:00:23.720 --> 0:00:27.520 It's twenties six chunky Harry chapters that are just going 0:00:27.600 --> 0:00:29.960 to knock your socks clean off. And yes, Chuck, we 0:00:30.000 --> 0:00:34.080 are indeed proud of this book. It is truly, indubitably 0:00:34.200 --> 0:00:36.480 the first Stuff you Should note book and it's coming 0:00:36.479 --> 0:00:39.159 out this November and you can order it now, pre 0:00:39.280 --> 0:00:42.760 order everywhere you get books, So do that, and we 0:00:42.920 --> 0:00:46.479 thank you in advance. Welcome to Stuff you Should Know, 0:00:46.680 --> 0:00:55.200 a production of I Heart Radios How Stuff Works. Hey, 0:00:55.240 --> 0:00:58.400 and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. 0:00:58.640 --> 0:01:02.200 Chuck Bryant, Jerry's out there somewhere which makes this Stuff 0:01:02.240 --> 0:01:06.440 you should ass Oh yeah, old school insect a dish 0:01:06.520 --> 0:01:10.679 from Robert Lamb. I know it's it's got mouth parts 0:01:10.720 --> 0:01:14.440 in it, but it's no Tracy Wilson joint, but it's 0:01:14.440 --> 0:01:17.679 still good. It's super charming. It starts Robert starts this 0:01:17.840 --> 0:01:21.880 article out from the perspective of a spider who has 0:01:21.920 --> 0:01:25.200 been dragged into a wasps nest and is about to 0:01:25.240 --> 0:01:29.880 be eaten alive by a wasp larva. It's pretty interesting. 0:01:31.080 --> 0:01:32.640 So it's a good article, I guess, is what I'm 0:01:32.640 --> 0:01:34.800 trying to say. And if you are not familiar with 0:01:34.880 --> 0:01:38.319 Robert Lamb, then friends, you are missing out on not one, 0:01:38.480 --> 0:01:42.200 but two, no three, really great podcast that that guy 0:01:42.240 --> 0:01:45.240 has put out. Um, what is it? Stuff to blow 0:01:45.280 --> 0:01:48.360 your mind? Of course, the the stalwart science tech, well 0:01:48.480 --> 0:01:52.240 that tech sort of science plus show. Yes, yeah, yeah, 0:01:52.320 --> 0:01:55.320 in depth like super deep rabbit hole interesting stuff. And 0:01:55.360 --> 0:01:59.520 then um uh he did one called trans Human. Yeah, 0:01:59.560 --> 0:02:04.440 that's a action scripted sci fi very cool. Yeah. And 0:02:04.480 --> 0:02:07.320 then also he and Joe who he does stuff to 0:02:07.320 --> 0:02:10.480 blow your mind with, also do Invention too, which is 0:02:10.560 --> 0:02:12.880 kind of in depth rabbit whole thing about invention. So 0:02:13.200 --> 0:02:15.920 check all those out, everybody. Yeah, it was fun to 0:02:15.960 --> 0:02:18.400 kind of get back to basics with a nice little 0:02:18.440 --> 0:02:23.560 insect cast on wasps and dude, I went outside today 0:02:24.120 --> 0:02:27.000 on my side deck to let the dogs out, and 0:02:27.160 --> 0:02:32.160 low and behold, I looked what I was? You said, 0:02:32.200 --> 0:02:34.320 who let the dogs out? Sorry, you said let the 0:02:34.360 --> 0:02:36.480 dogs out? So I had to. I thought I had. 0:02:36.919 --> 0:02:39.200 I thought you were saying wait, wait wait, No, no, 0:02:39.280 --> 0:02:44.320 I was saying, woo woo woo woo. Oh boy, there 0:02:44.360 --> 0:02:47.240 was a waspiness on the ground. Okay, good, all right, 0:02:47.360 --> 0:02:50.040 that's sorry. Did I I knocked the legs out from 0:02:50.080 --> 0:02:52.400 under that story? It's just a wasp nest. But it 0:02:52.480 --> 0:02:55.440 was you know, the timing was alive. Oh I didn't 0:02:55.480 --> 0:02:58.400 poke it to see it. It was. It was not attached. 0:02:58.440 --> 0:03:01.440 I think it had fallen. So my guess is that 0:03:01.480 --> 0:03:04.800 it did not have any more wasps residing in it. Man, 0:03:04.800 --> 0:03:06.880 that's gotta be a real letdown, because it's the middle 0:03:06.919 --> 0:03:11.120 of summer right now, so they're they're wanting to like grow. 0:03:11.280 --> 0:03:15.800 There was probably larva in there. Yeah, that's that's really weird. 0:03:15.880 --> 0:03:19.239 They must have abandoned it then, Yeah, and wasps are 0:03:19.280 --> 0:03:22.680 you know. I think, you know, everyone loves the bees 0:03:22.720 --> 0:03:26.320 now because they should because bees are awesome and bees 0:03:26.360 --> 0:03:29.240 produce honey, and we want bees to stick around. But 0:03:29.680 --> 0:03:32.400 I think wasps and hornets, which are a type of 0:03:32.440 --> 0:03:38.080 wasps uh are still just so maligned, and they're the 0:03:38.080 --> 0:03:40.520 ones that people will reach for their can of raid 0:03:40.640 --> 0:03:45.040 to spray and no qualm. Yeah, and you shouldn't. Don't 0:03:45.080 --> 0:03:46.920 do it. Let the wasp live. I'll go ahead and 0:03:46.920 --> 0:03:48.760 say it. Now, we're gonna say a bunch, but let 0:03:48.840 --> 0:03:52.000 him live. Totally chuck, thank you. Yeah, we're here to 0:03:52.040 --> 0:03:56.160 open everyone's eyes to the function and purpose of wasps existence. 0:03:56.360 --> 0:03:59.360 They're not like mosquitoes. Remember in the Mosquitoes episode, we 0:03:59.360 --> 0:04:02.760 basically can aluded that there's no reason for mosquitoes around 0:04:03.160 --> 0:04:06.640 and they just are terrible. Um. Wasps are not like that. 0:04:07.000 --> 0:04:09.560 And I think Robert does a really good job basically 0:04:09.640 --> 0:04:13.000 pinning down why wasps get such a bad rap. One 0:04:13.160 --> 0:04:17.359 is that there stings peck such a wallop compared to 0:04:17.440 --> 0:04:21.799 other stinging insects. And we'll talk about their there's stings 0:04:21.800 --> 0:04:24.559 in the venom that goes along with it um, which 0:04:24.600 --> 0:04:26.599 is so okay, that's fair, Like nobody wants to be 0:04:26.600 --> 0:04:30.160 stung by a wasp. It's really it can ruin your day. Um. 0:04:30.240 --> 0:04:32.880 And then also the other thing is is that the 0:04:33.120 --> 0:04:36.240 if you pay attention to wasps, you realize that they 0:04:36.320 --> 0:04:42.680 live these really brutal, grizzled existences. Their their predators, and 0:04:42.680 --> 0:04:45.680 in fact, in their habitats they're apex predators. They're like 0:04:45.800 --> 0:04:50.840 sharks and lions, but for the bugs and um, sometimes 0:04:50.839 --> 0:04:53.839 small animals that live around there. Like, I didn't watch 0:04:54.000 --> 0:04:56.839 any of the videos that I could have because I'm 0:04:56.920 --> 0:05:03.960 just really over animal death, even if it's nature. Um, yeah, 0:05:02.680 --> 0:05:05.360 I was when I was doing the End of the 0:05:05.440 --> 0:05:08.400 World with Josh Clark, Like I went into it just 0:05:08.440 --> 0:05:10.839 feeling fine about that. That's just nature, that's the way 0:05:10.880 --> 0:05:13.279 things work. And then one of the guys I talked 0:05:13.279 --> 0:05:15.880 to is David Pierce, who you and I talked to 0:05:16.000 --> 0:05:19.200 actually first in our super Stuff Guide to Happiness, but 0:05:19.400 --> 0:05:22.520 I went back and interviewed him, and his whole jam 0:05:22.560 --> 0:05:28.040 is like we could actually eventually engineer the biosphere so 0:05:28.080 --> 0:05:30.560 that there isn't any suffering among animals, and like what 0:05:30.600 --> 0:05:34.120 we take is natural isn't necessarily have to be that way. 0:05:34.720 --> 0:05:37.760 And it's really changed how I view like violence, even 0:05:37.800 --> 0:05:40.600 among animals. So anyway, the upshot is I didn't watch 0:05:40.640 --> 0:05:42.520 any videos, but one of the ones that I saw, 0:05:42.839 --> 0:05:48.880 the title was wasp kills baby bird. So that video 0:05:48.920 --> 0:05:50.320 is out there if you want to see that, but 0:05:50.480 --> 0:05:52.440 I just can't. I don't. I don't like to see 0:05:52.440 --> 0:05:54.920 that stuff anymore, you know. I mean I didn't really 0:05:54.960 --> 0:05:59.200 like enjoy it before, but now it just downright bothers me. Yeah, 0:06:00.240 --> 0:06:02.880 I get it. That's I live with a person who 0:06:02.880 --> 0:06:05.360 can't watch anything like that, so I get it. Yeah. 0:06:05.760 --> 0:06:08.680 So there are more than twenty thousand species of wasp. 0:06:09.400 --> 0:06:11.360 And like I said, hornets are a kind of wasp. 0:06:11.400 --> 0:06:14.080 So if you here, I mean you would call a 0:06:14.080 --> 0:06:16.680 hornet a hornet, but you can't necessarily use them interchangeably. 0:06:16.720 --> 0:06:21.599 But a hornet is a wasp. And uh, there's a 0:06:21.640 --> 0:06:24.880 lot of you know, over that twenty thou species. There 0:06:24.880 --> 0:06:26.560 are a lot of different kinds and a lot of 0:06:26.640 --> 0:06:29.560 variety as far as what they look like and what 0:06:29.600 --> 0:06:32.040 they're shaped like, and what color they are and how 0:06:32.080 --> 0:06:35.000 they like to live their life. But as with every 0:06:35.040 --> 0:06:39.920 insect cast, we're gonna go over those body parts and 0:06:40.240 --> 0:06:43.640 mouth parts is in there somewhere, and it starts with exoskeleton, 0:06:44.080 --> 0:06:48.680 just like all the little insect buddies have that kitan exoskeleton, 0:06:49.279 --> 0:06:51.159 and in the case of the wasp. They are very 0:06:51.240 --> 0:06:54.600 segmented out. They have three segments. They get your head, 0:06:54.680 --> 0:06:58.400 which has got those uh antenna, the sensory antenna. You 0:06:58.440 --> 0:07:01.960 have those mouth parts because they lick and they bite, 0:07:02.560 --> 0:07:06.599 and then you have the very cool looking compound eyes 0:07:07.400 --> 0:07:12.000 and simple eyes, these sort of kidney shaped eyes of 0:07:12.000 --> 0:07:15.160 a wasp that are very sort of signature. Where are 0:07:15.160 --> 0:07:20.400 they known as in your Italian accent? Oh? Silly? So 0:07:20.760 --> 0:07:26.320 if in the Italian if a vowel follows a C, yeah, 0:07:26.320 --> 0:07:29.200 it makes a chest sound. If a C is followed 0:07:29.200 --> 0:07:31.720 by an H, it makes a cuss sound. So is 0:07:31.760 --> 0:07:35.920 this really pronounce Acelli? Yeah? Okay, I think in in 0:07:36.080 --> 0:07:39.560 like among biologists they probably say oh sally. But since 0:07:39.560 --> 0:07:41.680 you were doing the accent, sure, I wanted to set 0:07:41.680 --> 0:07:46.200 you up for a lesson in its appreciate that. Um. Okay, 0:07:46.240 --> 0:07:48.680 So you've got the head, has some eyes, also has 0:07:48.720 --> 0:07:53.440 a brain chuck um, which I saw. Supposedly, wasps are 0:07:53.520 --> 0:07:56.600 among the smarter insects out there. They can recognize each 0:07:56.600 --> 0:07:59.000 other by face by facial markings. Did you know that 0:07:59.760 --> 0:08:03.960 they Steve? Are you doing sting anyone? I'm doing okay, Ted? 0:08:04.000 --> 0:08:06.640 Thanks for asking. It just killed the baby bird. Some 0:08:06.800 --> 0:08:10.119 weirdo was was filming it and put it on the internet. Well, actually, 0:08:10.120 --> 0:08:12.960 Steve would say, no, I didn't sting anyone because I'm 0:08:12.960 --> 0:08:17.080 a man and I don't sting. Uh oh yeah, that's 0:08:17.080 --> 0:08:19.280 a really great point, chuck um, which we'll talk more 0:08:19.280 --> 0:08:22.560 about later. You'd find the stinger in the abdomen, which 0:08:22.560 --> 0:08:26.400 is the third part, the lowest part of the wasp body, 0:08:26.440 --> 0:08:28.960 but only in a female, which I think this is 0:08:29.000 --> 0:08:33.400 true for for bees too, if I'm not mistaken. Yeah, 0:08:33.440 --> 0:08:36.160 I don't remember. We've done a lot of good beat stuff. Uh. 0:08:36.480 --> 0:08:38.680 And then in between those things you've got the thorax, 0:08:38.720 --> 0:08:42.400 which has the six little legs and then those those 0:08:42.559 --> 0:08:47.600 really quick flapping wings. Yeah so um. And in between 0:08:47.600 --> 0:08:50.280 the thorax and the abdomen you have a very narrow waste, 0:08:50.320 --> 0:08:52.920 which usually is what gives away a wasp. You can 0:08:52.920 --> 0:08:54.760 look at it and be like, that's a wasp. Um. 0:08:54.880 --> 0:08:57.520 It's like it's got a corset on. Unless it's a hornet. 0:08:57.559 --> 0:09:01.640 Hornets are much chunkier, more road ton yah um. But 0:09:01.800 --> 0:09:06.239 they are, like you said, a kind of wasp um. 0:09:06.280 --> 0:09:10.520 And actually I think the genus that um hornets fall 0:09:10.600 --> 0:09:15.440 under is called Vespa. And vespa in Italian means wasp, 0:09:16.400 --> 0:09:23.520 So hornets are wasps in Italian. Okay, okay, So I 0:09:23.559 --> 0:09:25.560 think one of the coolest thing about the wasp is 0:09:25.640 --> 0:09:30.720 the history and the evolution of this thing um along 0:09:30.760 --> 0:09:34.720 with some pretty horrific stuff that's gonna follow. But about 0:09:34.920 --> 0:09:37.280 in the Cretaceous period about a hundred million years ago, 0:09:37.880 --> 0:09:39.760 you had to kind of take a snapshot of planet 0:09:39.800 --> 0:09:44.160 Earth to understand how the wasp forms. And back then 0:09:44.200 --> 0:09:46.640 they didn't have all these flowering plants that like we 0:09:46.720 --> 0:09:50.160 have now. There were a lot of conifers, and these 0:09:50.200 --> 0:09:54.720 evergreens depended on the wind to spread their seat around. 0:09:54.720 --> 0:09:57.400 They weren't counting on the insects to do this kind 0:09:57.400 --> 0:10:01.079 of thing at this point. And uh and we should 0:10:01.080 --> 0:10:03.040 also mention that ants are a cousin of the wasp, 0:10:03.120 --> 0:10:05.880 which makes sense. They look kind of ant like. Yeah, 0:10:05.880 --> 0:10:10.240 I think they finally figured out that ants um evolved 0:10:10.320 --> 0:10:15.439 out of mud daubers. They're their closest relative, which kind 0:10:15.440 --> 0:10:18.640 of makes sense. I think they have some ant like behavior. Yeah, 0:10:18.720 --> 0:10:21.959 and like, uh so the age of the during the 0:10:22.000 --> 0:10:26.800 Cretaceous period, these wasps were carnivores and they preyed on spiders, 0:10:26.800 --> 0:10:31.880 and other insects, and as plants started to evolve, they 0:10:31.920 --> 0:10:35.080 realized that, hey, there's a lot of insects flying around 0:10:35.160 --> 0:10:38.560 going back and forth, like we're just using the wind 0:10:38.800 --> 0:10:41.440 to carry our seed around. Why don't we Why don't 0:10:41.440 --> 0:10:45.120 we get these insects to work for us basically, and 0:10:45.200 --> 0:10:48.560 they can do the job. Yeah. So that was the 0:10:48.679 --> 0:10:53.240 rise of the angiosperms um, which is you know, whenever 0:10:53.280 --> 0:10:55.679 you think of a flower that the bee visits and 0:10:56.160 --> 0:10:59.120 moves from place to place carrying pollen, that's what an 0:10:59.160 --> 0:11:02.679 angiosperm is um. Rather than having to just depend on 0:11:02.720 --> 0:11:06.000 the wind, you can depend on the insects. And so eventually, 0:11:06.040 --> 0:11:09.840 over time, these wasps, these early predators that used to 0:11:10.000 --> 0:11:15.240 um feed exclusively on other insects, said well, you know 0:11:15.320 --> 0:11:17.559 what this this whole nectar thing and the pollen thing, 0:11:17.559 --> 0:11:20.320 I can get with this. So they started to change 0:11:20.400 --> 0:11:25.120 their diet from um insects to pollen and nectar. But 0:11:25.240 --> 0:11:27.680 the weird thing is is rather than developing a way 0:11:27.679 --> 0:11:31.200 to feed their young from pollen and nectar like honey bees, 0:11:31.400 --> 0:11:34.560 which I think is another reason people like bees and 0:11:34.600 --> 0:11:39.840 don't really realize is it realize it is that um 0:11:39.960 --> 0:11:46.000 they're little vegetarian, vegan animals. You know, they don't hurt anybody. 0:11:46.040 --> 0:11:48.640 They'll they'll defend themselves, but they don't want to go 0:11:48.720 --> 0:11:51.800 hurt anybody. They're very peaceful. Wasps are not like that 0:11:51.840 --> 0:11:55.480 because even though they generally most species of wasps adults 0:11:56.040 --> 0:11:59.319 eat nectar and pollen, they still kill other insects to 0:11:59.400 --> 0:12:01.440 drag back to their nest to feed their young, to 0:12:01.520 --> 0:12:05.720 raise their young on. So wasps are technically omnivores at 0:12:05.720 --> 0:12:07.720 the beginning of their life their carnivores, and then later 0:12:07.720 --> 0:12:11.160 in life they grow into herbivores. Yeah, isn't that amazing? 0:12:12.160 --> 0:12:15.119 It is. Wasps are way more amazing than I realized. 0:12:15.760 --> 0:12:18.880 Should we take a break and talk about their stinger Yes, 0:12:19.040 --> 0:12:41.400 all right, we'll be right back for stinger talk. H 0:12:42.280 --> 0:12:47.560 all right, welcome to stinger talk. I'm Chuck, I'm Josh, 0:12:47.760 --> 0:12:52.959 I'm waiting. No, I'm Ted. I guess it makes me Steve. Yeah, uh, 0:12:53.200 --> 0:12:57.240 washed stings are tough. Um, you kind of mentioned early on. 0:12:57.360 --> 0:13:00.600 It's you know, you get a yellow jacket and that 0:13:00.400 --> 0:13:04.000 that's that doesn't feel great. And obviously we're talking about 0:13:04.080 --> 0:13:06.880 if you're non allergic, and it's not like a legitimate 0:13:06.880 --> 0:13:08.680 threat to your health, and it's just the pain of 0:13:08.720 --> 0:13:12.400 the sting that we're rating here. Yellow jacket sting isn't great, 0:13:12.400 --> 0:13:16.600 but a washting and a hornet sting is really something else. 0:13:16.679 --> 0:13:20.160 It's I feel like it. It hurts more and for longer, 0:13:21.000 --> 0:13:24.560 and for good reason, because it actually does. Um like 0:13:24.640 --> 0:13:27.600 b venom is its own thing, shares a lot in 0:13:27.679 --> 0:13:32.280 common with wasp venom. Wasp venom seems to be this 0:13:32.440 --> 0:13:39.640 extraordinarily highly developed, like biological weapon, that is, this cocktail 0:13:39.720 --> 0:13:43.920 of different kinds of compounds that all come together to 0:13:44.360 --> 0:13:49.040 produce a horrible pain sensation that lasts longer and has 0:13:49.080 --> 0:13:53.160 a greater impact on your body than anything the actual 0:13:53.200 --> 0:13:57.040 sting produces. And that's apparently the whole reason behind it 0:13:57.080 --> 0:14:02.600 is it makes the wasp seem way less vulnerable than 0:14:02.640 --> 0:14:05.280 they actually are. It seems like they're way more powerful, 0:14:05.440 --> 0:14:07.840 and for all intents and purposes, they are. But like 0:14:07.880 --> 0:14:09.800 if you if you could take the venom out of 0:14:09.840 --> 0:14:13.080 the sting, the sting would would do basically nothing to you. 0:14:13.360 --> 0:14:16.440 But because that the venom is introduced by that sting, 0:14:16.720 --> 0:14:20.000 that venom is so potent. It's like one of the 0:14:20.000 --> 0:14:22.680 worst things in the world to get stung by a wasp. Yeah, 0:14:22.720 --> 0:14:25.520 and the actual stinger itself was It has a pretty 0:14:25.560 --> 0:14:29.560 remarkable evolutionary story. Uh So, here's what happens. In the 0:14:29.560 --> 0:14:33.960 prehistoric times. This parasitic wasp would use this ovipositor that's 0:14:34.000 --> 0:14:36.680 actually you know, the egg laying organ. They would use 0:14:36.680 --> 0:14:39.960 this pointy thing to lay the egg on a living insect, 0:14:40.120 --> 0:14:42.960 Like they would lay the egg on the caterpillar. Then 0:14:43.000 --> 0:14:45.680 these little larvae would hatch out and then they would 0:14:45.680 --> 0:14:49.200 eat that caterpillar. The larvae would so at some point, 0:14:49.280 --> 0:14:52.280 as things are evolving along, Mother Nature says, you know, 0:14:52.320 --> 0:14:55.120 it would be even better than this is if you 0:14:55.200 --> 0:15:00.440 could saw open that caterpillar with this ovipause it or 0:15:00.680 --> 0:15:04.080 and lay eggs inside of this thing. And that's exactly 0:15:04.080 --> 0:15:07.880 what happened, right, um, which made a lot of sense. 0:15:07.880 --> 0:15:11.000 And I think there's a lot of um wasp species, 0:15:11.120 --> 0:15:13.720 there's at least some that still do this, Like rather 0:15:13.760 --> 0:15:16.080 than build a nest, they just go find an insect 0:15:16.120 --> 0:15:18.480 host and lay some eggs on it or lay some 0:15:18.520 --> 0:15:20.480 eggs in it and then just let the larvae eat 0:15:20.520 --> 0:15:25.720 the eat the inside out. But um, most I think 0:15:25.720 --> 0:15:28.040 have evolved to kind of use some different techniques, which 0:15:28.040 --> 0:15:31.320 we'll talk about in a little bit, But the stinger 0:15:31.360 --> 0:15:35.400 itself stuck around even after it stopped being used to 0:15:35.440 --> 0:15:40.920 actually deposit eggs into the insects directly. That's right. Uh. 0:15:40.960 --> 0:15:43.320 And you talked about the venom that's obviously produced in 0:15:43.360 --> 0:15:46.440 the venom gland stored in a little venom sack, a 0:15:46.480 --> 0:15:51.000 little bur lapsack inside the wasp body, and then it 0:15:51.000 --> 0:15:53.120 seeps out. It's got it. It's a barbedlous stinger. It's 0:15:53.160 --> 0:15:55.720 just like a straight, little pointy thing, but it seeps 0:15:55.760 --> 0:15:58.720 out through these little valves and coats the entire stinger. 0:15:59.320 --> 0:16:01.720 And so they store this stinger inside of a sheath 0:16:02.480 --> 0:16:05.080 and are always kind of ready to use it. And 0:16:05.200 --> 0:16:07.560 you know, like we said, it's only the females because 0:16:07.600 --> 0:16:10.880 it was an ovipositor. But the males can pretend like 0:16:10.880 --> 0:16:13.920 like they'll rear their little butt your way and say 0:16:14.040 --> 0:16:15.520 stay away from me. You don't know if I'm a 0:16:15.520 --> 0:16:19.160 male or female. Right, you don't want to look too closely, right, right, 0:16:19.160 --> 0:16:21.800 Which is just hilarious, But it also didn't that show 0:16:21.880 --> 0:16:25.000 like a certain level of intelligence as well. I think so, 0:16:25.800 --> 0:16:29.400 or at the very least, there's too bluff some Yeah, 0:16:29.440 --> 0:16:34.080 the bluff, you know, that's that takes intelligence, um, which 0:16:34.120 --> 0:16:37.960 is I think another another indicator that wasps are amazing. Yeah, 0:16:38.000 --> 0:16:40.000 And like you sort of hinted at the reason this 0:16:40.120 --> 0:16:43.520 venom is so powerful is has as has a couple 0:16:43.520 --> 0:16:47.280 of functions. Is one is just the simple function of 0:16:47.280 --> 0:16:50.960 paralyzing those insects, and the other is as a defense, 0:16:51.040 --> 0:16:55.360 Like it's it's meant to sting something much much larger 0:16:55.880 --> 0:16:59.320 and have that thing hurt so bad that it thinks 0:16:59.360 --> 0:17:02.240 it's hurt a lot worse than it is and like 0:17:02.360 --> 0:17:05.159 just wants to get out of there basically, right. And 0:17:05.200 --> 0:17:09.240 then that combined with um, they're very usually very bright 0:17:09.320 --> 0:17:12.639 colorings because you know, usually the more colorful an animal is, 0:17:12.680 --> 0:17:15.160 the more toxic. It is just kind of a universal 0:17:15.200 --> 0:17:19.920 symbol in nature to just steer clear. Um, And hornets 0:17:19.920 --> 0:17:23.879 and wasps typically are fairly colorful as far as insects go. 0:17:24.240 --> 0:17:27.920 So those two things combined can teach a larger animal 0:17:28.200 --> 0:17:31.040 pretty quickly to just leave them alone. And that's kind 0:17:31.040 --> 0:17:33.960 of how how wasps have have made it this long. 0:17:34.000 --> 0:17:36.080 I mean they've been around for more than a hundred 0:17:36.119 --> 0:17:40.000 million years. You know, Um, that's a pretty successful species. 0:17:40.080 --> 0:17:44.320 Or family of insects. Yeah, and that includes humans. Obviously. 0:17:44.520 --> 0:17:47.840 If you go poking around a hornets nest or washing 0:17:47.880 --> 0:17:50.919 nest and you get stung, you're not going to finish 0:17:50.920 --> 0:17:52.880 the job. You know, You're probably just gonna get out 0:17:52.880 --> 0:17:57.280 of there. Yeah. Yeah, hopefully you can learn your lesson 0:17:57.320 --> 0:17:59.600 that first time, you know, or maybe you don't even 0:17:59.600 --> 0:18:01.439 have to learn it directly, you can just know to 0:18:01.480 --> 0:18:04.960 stay away from the wah. So what's in that venom? 0:18:05.240 --> 0:18:07.960 Some really good stuff. I actually found even more stuff 0:18:07.960 --> 0:18:13.720 than Robert included here. There's some peptides and some enzymes um. 0:18:13.840 --> 0:18:19.240 Some of the enzymes include fosseh full pace A and 0:18:19.280 --> 0:18:23.360 B fosse follow pace am bi um and these actually 0:18:23.440 --> 0:18:28.399 break down the membrane and lipid um coating of cells 0:18:28.440 --> 0:18:32.040 in your body to basically spill their guts into your 0:18:32.040 --> 0:18:35.800 blood stream, and that includes neurons. Neural cells can be 0:18:35.880 --> 0:18:39.840 spilled into your blood stream when they encounter this peptide, 0:18:40.119 --> 0:18:45.400 which sends a excruciating pain um notification to your brain 0:18:45.480 --> 0:18:49.040 saying alert Alert, you're in a tremendous amount of pain. 0:18:49.680 --> 0:18:54.160 That's just like step one. Yeah. They also have nora 0:18:54.400 --> 0:18:57.520 and effort in there, which stops the blood flow temporarily. 0:18:58.280 --> 0:19:00.560 And that's why I like that when said it feels 0:19:00.600 --> 0:19:03.400 like it lasts longer. I feel like that's the Nora 0:19:03.400 --> 0:19:07.320 epern nor Eperneffer network because it just sort of sits 0:19:07.320 --> 0:19:10.280 in one place and eventually the bloodstream is going to 0:19:10.440 --> 0:19:12.240 kind of dilude it away, but it kind of hangs 0:19:12.280 --> 0:19:16.440 out there for a little while. Yeah, that's just mean. Um. 0:19:16.480 --> 0:19:20.119 There's also a setyal coline, which actually goes to your 0:19:20.160 --> 0:19:25.840 pain receptors and stimulates them, right. And there's also histamines um. 0:19:25.880 --> 0:19:29.400 And histamines are released by your body. They're they're responsible 0:19:29.440 --> 0:19:34.879 for the inflammatory response, but they also um. The the 0:19:35.000 --> 0:19:40.240 venom in a wasps venom as includes histamines directly to 0:19:40.440 --> 0:19:43.359 just to make sure that it gets that inflammation good 0:19:43.400 --> 0:19:46.639 and good and primed. Yeah. And then there's I was 0:19:46.680 --> 0:19:48.560 hoping you would take this part because of that word. 0:19:48.880 --> 0:19:53.320 You want to try it high Laurona days. Well, I 0:19:53.440 --> 0:20:01.040 use hyaluronic acid under my eyes, So what's that. It's like, Uh, 0:20:01.520 --> 0:20:06.159 it's an acid. Um, I don't know, I think for 0:20:06.320 --> 0:20:09.600 bags and it's generally keep yeah yeah, yeah, just to 0:20:09.720 --> 0:20:12.919 keep your eyes looking sharp. I noticed your eyes look 0:20:13.000 --> 0:20:18.640 always look so sharp. I thought I thought you'd notice eventually, So, uh, 0:20:18.880 --> 0:20:21.000 that thing that you just talked about, and then something 0:20:21.760 --> 0:20:25.280 a day m c d P mass cell degranulating peptide. 0:20:25.960 --> 0:20:29.880 This stuff actually melts through the connective tissue between cells 0:20:30.600 --> 0:20:33.440 and basically just sort of it destroys those membranes and 0:20:33.480 --> 0:20:36.360 allows the venom to move a little more freely than 0:20:36.400 --> 0:20:42.240 it would ordinarily. Yeah, and the the mass cell degranulating 0:20:42.240 --> 0:20:46.240 peptide degranulating means that it basically goes to your mass 0:20:46.240 --> 0:20:50.639 cells and squeezes the histamines out of them. So not 0:20:50.720 --> 0:20:53.280 only does it contain histamines already, and not only does 0:20:53.280 --> 0:20:56.400 it trigger a histamine response or release, it goes and 0:20:56.680 --> 0:21:00.000 gets it out of the cells that normally carry your 0:21:00.040 --> 0:21:03.400 around in your in your immune system. Um, so it's 0:21:03.440 --> 0:21:06.360 just really mean nasty stuff. One of the other things 0:21:06.400 --> 0:21:08.840 I saw that they've just started to kind of um 0:21:09.160 --> 0:21:13.359 pay attention to is called Brady Brady kinnan and it's 0:21:13.400 --> 0:21:18.800 associated with chronic pain. So on top of acute pain production, 0:21:18.920 --> 0:21:20.760 they're like, how about a little dose of what it 0:21:20.800 --> 0:21:23.040 feels like they have chronic pain too in the mix 0:21:23.040 --> 0:21:26.040 of all of this stuff. And then Chuck tell me, 0:21:26.119 --> 0:21:28.640 this is an astounding I got a couple more. One 0:21:28.680 --> 0:21:32.160 thing is just called antigen five, which is as cryptic 0:21:32.200 --> 0:21:34.600 as it comes. They don't know exactly what role it plays, 0:21:34.600 --> 0:21:37.280 but they know it's a very powerful allergen. And then 0:21:37.280 --> 0:21:41.679 there's a couple of peptides that are antimicrobial, which prevent 0:21:41.800 --> 0:21:46.600 the wasp from contracting an infection from a prey that 0:21:46.680 --> 0:21:51.600 it's puts its stinger in. Wow. Yeah, and then amazing, 0:21:51.680 --> 0:21:55.240 like this is some amazing stuff. Yeah, and I didn't see. 0:21:55.880 --> 0:21:58.879 I saw that hornets can staying again and again and again, 0:22:00.320 --> 0:22:02.639 but I don't know about the wasp in general. Is 0:22:02.640 --> 0:22:06.280 that the case? Yes, definitely, because the hornet is just 0:22:06.320 --> 0:22:08.560 a type of what so you've got like mud daubers. 0:22:08.600 --> 0:22:10.639 The kind of wasp hornet is a kind of wasp, 0:22:10.960 --> 0:22:13.840 And there's like many types of hornets, but they're all wasps, 0:22:14.480 --> 0:22:18.359 that's right, you know. So, yeah, they can sting again 0:22:18.400 --> 0:22:20.920 and again and again, which apparently is another reason why 0:22:20.960 --> 0:22:22.879 they're sting. Hurts so bad. They can do this to 0:22:22.960 --> 0:22:25.680 you and inject this venom into you. I saw one 0:22:25.760 --> 0:22:29.680 expert interviewed on a different house Stuff Works article that said, 0:22:30.040 --> 0:22:32.159 in average of ten times, like if you get stung 0:22:32.200 --> 0:22:35.320 by wasp, usually you're gonna get stung more than once, 0:22:35.400 --> 0:22:38.320 and it can be ten times, I guess on average. 0:22:38.600 --> 0:22:40.000 I don't know if they just pull that out of 0:22:40.000 --> 0:22:43.760 the air, but they were a wasp expert, so hopefully not. Well, 0:22:43.800 --> 0:22:46.480 you know, there's murder hornets that are making the news 0:22:46.520 --> 0:22:49.800 these days in the States. Those things can kill small 0:22:49.920 --> 0:22:54.200 rodents with a full charge of a sting. Right the 0:22:54.240 --> 0:22:58.040 Asian giant hornet, which they found I think I think 0:22:58.200 --> 0:23:01.840 three of them in the Pacific north West that they 0:23:01.880 --> 0:23:03.880 thought they got rid of last year, but it turns 0:23:03.880 --> 0:23:07.399 out they survived the winter a queen did. And um, 0:23:08.480 --> 0:23:10.199 you know, they call the murder hornets because they kill 0:23:10.280 --> 0:23:13.359 bees and those I didn't know this it was a 0:23:13.359 --> 0:23:15.920 big because it was just sort of a backpage thing, 0:23:15.920 --> 0:23:18.960 But in two thousand sixteen, a package of murder hornets 0:23:19.400 --> 0:23:24.680 was intercepted at San Francisco International Airport and they destroyed 0:23:24.720 --> 0:23:27.199 that so it didn't become a thing. But they're a 0:23:27.200 --> 0:23:29.960 real threat to be so that's why people are sort 0:23:29.960 --> 0:23:33.919 of writing about murder hornets now invading as an invasive 0:23:33.960 --> 0:23:37.080 species here in the US. Yeah, And I mean like 0:23:37.160 --> 0:23:41.479 it's really doing an injustice to the hornets unfortunately, because 0:23:41.920 --> 0:23:44.320 calling a murder hornets, like if you read some of 0:23:44.359 --> 0:23:47.120 the articles on it, like people will say outright like, oh, 0:23:47.200 --> 0:23:50.280 they'll they can kill people very easily, and that's just 0:23:50.400 --> 0:23:53.679