WEBVTT - The Vault [bonus] 0:00:01.280 --> 0:00:03.440 The Atlanta child murders is one of the largest and 0:00:03.440 --> 0:00:07.040 most complex cases in US history. As a team, we've 0:00:07.040 --> 0:00:10.720 spent months taking through police records, court documents, and media archives. 0:00:11.400 --> 0:00:13.400 Through all this research, we've come across a lot of 0:00:13.440 --> 0:00:16.360 unusual stories that don't seem to be widely remembered today. 0:00:16.960 --> 0:00:19.279 With this episode, we're going to dig deeper into some 0:00:19.320 --> 0:00:24.439 of these stories. This is the vaults where we're going 0:00:24.760 --> 0:00:52.840 down to the sub basement identity stories faults. After driving 0:00:52.880 --> 0:00:55.600 around Atlanta with Jason and the team locating some of 0:00:55.640 --> 0:00:57.959 the prevalent sites in this case, I had many more 0:00:58.040 --> 0:01:01.160 questions about the patterns of these murders, including if a 0:01:01.200 --> 0:01:04.360 pattern even existed at all. It was eerie just how 0:01:04.440 --> 0:01:06.360 close by some of these murders were to each other, 0:01:06.680 --> 0:01:08.880 and how the patterns seem to change once the body 0:01:08.880 --> 0:01:11.920 started showing up in the rivers. Is it even possible 0:01:11.920 --> 0:01:14.720 they're all connected or there are different patterns at play 0:01:14.800 --> 0:01:18.560 here In this episode will be mentioning a book called 0:01:18.600 --> 0:01:22.240 The List by Chet debt Linger and Jeff Pruge. Debt 0:01:22.319 --> 0:01:26.120 Linger was a law enforcement officer, independent investigator, and an author, 0:01:26.400 --> 0:01:28.319 and Pruge was a writer for the l A. Times. 0:01:28.840 --> 0:01:31.080 Though now out of print, the book remains one of 0:01:31.080 --> 0:01:34.319 the most comprehensive and critical literary sources on the Atlanta 0:01:34.400 --> 0:01:38.399 child murders. During the investigation, Chet debt Linger focus on 0:01:38.440 --> 0:01:42.600 geography as part of his independent investigation. Seven former Atlanta 0:01:42.640 --> 0:01:45.120 policemen give about twenty hours each week to this case. 0:01:45.200 --> 0:01:47.640 One of them is Chet that Linger. His strength is 0:01:47.680 --> 0:01:50.840 not an investigation, but it is in analysis. He has 0:01:50.880 --> 0:01:53.680 compiled a map with twenty missing and murdered Atlanta children. 0:01:53.840 --> 0:01:56.400 He counts some Atlanta police do not count because they 0:01:56.440 --> 0:01:59.800 fit the pattern. Because if you travel that Linger's route, 0:02:00.120 --> 0:02:02.120 you can see most of the places where kids were 0:02:02.120 --> 0:02:06.200 snatched or last seen or dumped without ever leaving your car. 0:02:06.800 --> 0:02:08.919 He even believes a map he has drawn would show 0:02:08.919 --> 0:02:12.480 where the killer lives and works and plays. Det Linger 0:02:12.520 --> 0:02:15.640 believes the killer lives somewhere near Memorial Drive and Second Avenue, 0:02:16.120 --> 0:02:18.919 may hang around near Hollywood and High Tower, and work 0:02:19.040 --> 0:02:22.280 somewhere between red Wine Road and Stewart Avenue. I'd have 0:02:22.360 --> 0:02:25.800 someone at this point, someone at this point, someone at 0:02:25.840 --> 0:02:28.760 this point and at this point, and I'd be looking 0:02:28.880 --> 0:02:31.639 for the same car or the same individual would come 0:02:31.639 --> 0:02:33.480 by that place, and I keep him there and I'd 0:02:33.480 --> 0:02:36.040 find out, do we have a person passing these points? 0:02:36.040 --> 0:02:38.639 I mean, we've already got penty kids there, and I 0:02:38.680 --> 0:02:40.359 would find out. And if it showed up, if the 0:02:40.400 --> 0:02:42.799 same person showed up more than the two or three 0:02:42.840 --> 0:02:45.240 times at the different points on on this route, I 0:02:45.280 --> 0:02:49.120 think I have suspect. Furthermore, det Linger says the Official 0:02:49.160 --> 0:02:51.720 Task Force can no longer deny some of these cases 0:02:51.760 --> 0:02:56.799 are related. I think maybe the kids aren't connected, but 0:02:56.919 --> 0:03:00.160 the geography shure connected because this child came from here 0:03:00.160 --> 0:03:04.280 to hear this child came from here to here, and 0:03:04.400 --> 0:03:07.440 this child came from here to here. Now, the only 0:03:07.480 --> 0:03:10.160 other explanation would be if this guy, if there are 0:03:10.160 --> 0:03:12.120 three different killers, they just happened to wander out and 0:03:12.160 --> 0:03:14.280 find the same spot to leave a body in those 0:03:14.480 --> 0:03:18.080 those locations are connected. I've asked members of the unofficial 0:03:18.080 --> 0:03:20.400 Task Force why none of their advice is sought by 0:03:20.440 --> 0:03:26.800 Atlanta police. They all answered the same thing. Politics, petty politics, chat. 0:03:26.840 --> 0:03:30.440 Detlinger is ready to share everything he knows if anybody 0:03:30.480 --> 0:03:34.600 wants it. We decided to talk to Dr Maurice Gobwin, 0:03:34.880 --> 0:03:38.400 a private investigator and geographical profiler who worked with me 0:03:38.440 --> 0:03:42.000 on my first podcast Up and Vanished for Atlanta Monster. 0:03:42.280 --> 0:03:44.520 We asked them to assemble a heat map of all 0:03:44.520 --> 0:03:46.840 the missing and murder cases to see what he could 0:03:46.880 --> 0:03:50.200 tell us about the geographical patterns. There's two types of 0:03:50.200 --> 0:03:56.000 serial killers. Predominantly, you have a commuter, and a commuter 0:03:56.360 --> 0:04:02.400 commutes from the suburban area into a central business district 0:04:03.520 --> 0:04:09.120 and kills, or he commutes from the inner city out 0:04:09.840 --> 0:04:14.920 and kills and then goes back home. Or the marauder, 0:04:15.680 --> 0:04:20.360 and that's just somebody that's just scattered about running around here. 0:04:20.440 --> 0:04:23.159 They're just picking them up, you know, in any way 0:04:23.160 --> 0:04:27.080 they can, and killing them and dumping them. That's two 0:04:27.720 --> 0:04:32.080 comparable terms typologies that you want to call them. The 0:04:32.160 --> 0:04:35.360 first one is called a viper, and the second one 0:04:35.400 --> 0:04:39.800 is called cobra, obviously based on the behavior of the snakes, 0:04:40.320 --> 0:04:44.200 the way in which they behave. In my analysis of 0:04:44.320 --> 0:04:52.120 aerial killers, I found that six were vipers. They lay low, 0:04:52.839 --> 0:04:56.400 They target victims near familiar areas, such as home, at work. 0:04:57.640 --> 0:05:03.279 They dispose of earlier victims at considerable distances from home, 0:05:03.480 --> 0:05:08.960 and later victims in or near their comfort zone. That 0:05:09.120 --> 0:05:13.520 comfort zone provides them. They believe a psychological blanket of 0:05:13.720 --> 0:05:20.679 protection thirty seven percent with Cobra's huge difference. There huge difference. 0:05:21.360 --> 0:05:25.640 This relates also to a criminal behavior. This type of predator, 0:05:25.640 --> 0:05:28.839 to Cobra, is what we call a hunter. They target 0:05:28.960 --> 0:05:33.640 victims outside of their comfort zone so they're not too 0:05:33.640 --> 0:05:37.120 worried about that blanket of protection. They dispose of each 0:05:37.200 --> 0:05:40.679 victim at a considerable distance from home, and later victims 0:05:40.720 --> 0:05:44.400 in or near their comfort zones. I have a theory 0:05:44.440 --> 0:05:48.799 called the wedge theory, and this is based on academic 0:05:48.839 --> 0:05:53.200 research on sold cases. The wedge theory the foundation of 0:05:53.200 --> 0:05:56.840 it is this that ever criminal retains some kind of 0:05:57.000 --> 0:06:02.760 environmental image of his or her city. Criminals develop mental 0:06:02.880 --> 0:06:07.479 maps of their environments in the same way non criminals do. 0:06:09.640 --> 0:06:12.520 For example, you go to the grocery store, you go, 0:06:12.720 --> 0:06:15.200 you take a right out of your driveway, and you 0:06:15.279 --> 0:06:19.000 go to the shopping center a particular way. Rarely do 0:06:19.080 --> 0:06:21.760 you deviate from those things. Most people do not deviate. 0:06:22.279 --> 0:06:27.640 And then finally, criminals use their mental maps thereafter as 0:06:27.680 --> 0:06:32.880 a spatial frame of reference. That's the foundation of wedge theory, 0:06:33.760 --> 0:06:36.839 sort of shaped like a windshield wiper effect. The home 0:06:36.920 --> 0:06:41.800 base would typically be near this short point of the 0:06:41.839 --> 0:06:47.760 wedge and the crimes will be dispersed outward towards the 0:06:47.760 --> 0:06:52.279 wide part of the wedge. In the Atlanta child murder case, 0:06:53.080 --> 0:06:59.640 I had geographical coordinates, A plotted the thirty three locations 0:07:00.040 --> 0:07:03.960 dealing with these murders. I plotted the body dump sites, 0:07:04.960 --> 0:07:10.120 and I plotted the abduction sites, and which is rare 0:07:10.160 --> 0:07:13.760 to have those abduction sites because a lot of cases 0:07:13.800 --> 0:07:18.880 don't have them. And then I entered those geographical coordinates 0:07:18.920 --> 0:07:23.720 into my predator system and ran it, and what I 0:07:23.800 --> 0:07:29.880 got was a forty three to forty four probability that 0:07:29.960 --> 0:07:36.120 the fender lives between Highway one thirty and UH Interstate 0:07:36.160 --> 0:07:40.920 twenty nine. The probability percentage is low normally I'm getting 0:07:41.400 --> 0:07:47.120 on other cases, I get at least fifty here four. 0:07:47.800 --> 0:07:51.680 I think there's something else going on that we're attributing 0:07:52.240 --> 0:07:57.640 murders to an individual here that they're not responsible for, 0:07:59.000 --> 0:08:01.880 and that may be a reason why of the low 0:08:02.040 --> 0:08:10.160 probability plot. For geographically, there's no pattern between the child 0:08:10.240 --> 0:08:15.880 murders and the adult murders. It's very very rare that 0:08:16.000 --> 0:08:21.000 a serial killer will kill children and adults. I would 0:08:21.040 --> 0:08:28.560 separate uh Eddie Duncan, Larry Rogers, aged Michael McIntosh agree, 0:08:28.880 --> 0:08:36.560 Jimmy ray Payne, a John Porter, Nathaniel cater Age. Those 0:08:36.679 --> 0:08:41.560 victims fall into the wedge with Wayne wims Is home 0:08:42.320 --> 0:08:45.880 down at the sharp point of the wedge. I would 0:08:45.880 --> 0:08:50.920 separate those victims from the rest of the child murders. 0:08:51.679 --> 0:08:55.160 We then asked Maurice about Daring Glass, the one victim 0:08:55.200 --> 0:09:01.560 on the list that has never been found. Darren is 0:09:01.559 --> 0:09:04.320 an orphan and has a history of running away. He's 0:09:04.320 --> 0:09:07.360 done it twice before and told some playmates last Sunday 0:09:07.400 --> 0:09:09.160 that he was going to do it again. Are you 0:09:09.160 --> 0:09:12.920 worried about him? She is, but you just think he's 0:09:12.920 --> 0:09:15.719 going to eventually come to show up. He has he 0:09:17.440 --> 0:09:19.640 and you don't think he's been kidnapped. I shall know 0:09:19.760 --> 0:09:23.560 you live on alone, on his own, because he won't leave. 0:09:24.480 --> 0:09:26.520 And today the searchers took the form of a canvas 0:09:26.559 --> 0:09:29.560 here in Darren's old neighborhood, where searchers went door to 0:09:29.600 --> 0:09:32.320 door seeking out Darren's old friends who might be able 0:09:32.320 --> 0:09:34.960 to offer some new information. We're trying to find any 0:09:35.040 --> 0:09:38.480 information concerning his whereabouts, the way he possibly may be. 0:09:38.640 --> 0:09:41.000 At this point, we feel that it's still very possible 0:09:41.200 --> 0:09:43.920 that Darren Glass could be alive, safe and well at 0:09:44.040 --> 0:09:47.079 some place. So far police have no leads at all, 0:09:47.200 --> 0:09:49.600 but they say this case, like the others, is now 0:09:49.720 --> 0:09:53.040 top priority. The bill marks the seventh month that we've 0:09:53.120 --> 0:09:55.920 been conducting these searches, and I think it has taken 0:09:55.960 --> 0:09:58.200 a lot of wear and tear out of a lot 0:09:58.240 --> 0:10:01.120 of people. They combed the woods, sifted through debris, and 0:10:01.200 --> 0:10:03.520 bagged what they thought might be evidence in the mounting 0:10:03.600 --> 0:10:07.200 number of child murders haunting Atlanta. But slowly, as the 0:10:07.240 --> 0:10:10.920 searchers found nothing, interest dwindled and the throng thin to 0:10:11.120 --> 0:10:16.440 just a few. Now the search is at an end. Well. 0:10:16.600 --> 0:10:21.480 To try to find the body of victim Darren Glass, 0:10:22.200 --> 0:10:25.480 normally you would have to have is called reverse geographical 0:10:25.480 --> 0:10:30.160 profile and meaning that we try to use the offender's 0:10:30.240 --> 0:10:34.080 home base along with the rest of the victims and 0:10:34.120 --> 0:10:37.240 try to get a pinpoint area that a victim is 0:10:37.280 --> 0:10:40.480 likely to be at. In this case, I would pull 0:10:40.760 --> 0:10:43.120 anything to do with when was out of that and 0:10:43.160 --> 0:10:46.040 I would do the analysis with the rest of the victims. 0:10:47.000 --> 0:10:50.320 And this will be the first time ever that you 0:10:50.400 --> 0:10:55.880 will be able to use analysis of remaining victims to 0:10:56.040 --> 0:10:59.800 try to find the one victim that's never been found before. 0:11:02.679 --> 0:11:06.199 The case of Darren Glass is such an outlier from 0:11:06.200 --> 0:11:09.920 what geographical profilers like Maurice tell us, it's not impossible 0:11:09.960 --> 0:11:12.680 for him to still be found if he is indeed 0:11:12.679 --> 0:11:21.320 a victim. In the summer of eighty one, after Wayne 0:11:21.360 --> 0:11:25.079 Williams was arrested, a South Carolina artist came to Atlanta 0:11:25.080 --> 0:11:28.040 to paint murals of the child victims on neighborhood housing 0:11:28.040 --> 0:11:30.480 in the city, but it didn't get the reaction you 0:11:30.480 --> 0:11:34.400 would expect. Over the weekend, bigger than life paintings of 0:11:34.440 --> 0:11:38.640 the children started popping up around Atlanta, Latonia Wilson's picture 0:11:38.720 --> 0:11:42.480 on a Wallet, Bowen Holmes, Angeline Ears, and McDaniel Glen, 0:11:42.720 --> 0:11:46.520 Eric Middlebrook at Henry Thomas Housing Project. The paintings were 0:11:46.520 --> 0:11:50.320 done in two days by Columbia South Carolina artist Ralph Waldrop. 0:11:50.720 --> 0:11:53.600 He paid for the project himself as a gift and 0:11:53.720 --> 0:11:57.480 remembrance of Atlanta's twenty eight tragedies. City officials are so 0:11:57.559 --> 0:12:00.520 impressed with Waldrop's generosity they plan to make him an 0:12:00.520 --> 0:12:04.440 honorary citizen of Atlanta tomorrow at a special ceremony. But 0:12:04.559 --> 0:12:09.280 not everyone is happy with Waldrop's artistic contribution. Sixteen year 0:12:09.320 --> 0:12:12.640 old Patrick Rogers mother says she and the other mothers 0:12:12.640 --> 0:12:16.520 are furious that no one asked their permission. If Manages did, 0:12:16.600 --> 0:12:18.360 he did have any reason to do it for est 0:12:18.559 --> 0:12:21.040 parents gonna be all right. I don't think it's right. 0:12:21.440 --> 0:12:23.520 It make the parents walk out him and when I 0:12:23.559 --> 0:12:26.480 walk up to the pup, do something to me. Ms 0:12:26.559 --> 0:12:30.360 Rogers says. Camille Bell drove through McDaniel Glenn yesterday and 0:12:30.480 --> 0:12:33.559 was stunned to see her son Yusuf's picture in front 0:12:33.559 --> 0:12:38.120 of her. They ain't nothing but memory. The mother's planned 0:12:38.120 --> 0:12:40.400 to meet in the morning to decide what they should do, 0:12:40.800 --> 0:12:43.160 but it appears what seems to be and out of 0:12:43.240 --> 0:12:46.600 town or his act of kindness has turned sour. I 0:12:46.679 --> 0:12:49.600 want it down. I want it down me, I want 0:12:49.600 --> 0:13:01.360 it down. October nineteen eighty, during the height of the 0:13:01.400 --> 0:13:05.600 hysteria around the Atlanta child murders, an explosion devastated a 0:13:05.640 --> 0:13:09.920 local daycare center, killing four young black children. The explosion 0:13:09.960 --> 0:13:12.280 happened at a time when no suspect was in custody 0:13:12.400 --> 0:13:16.760 and rumors circulated constantly about KKK connections. At ten twenty 0:13:16.840 --> 0:13:20.959 two on October, an explosion with a force of seventy 0:13:21.000 --> 0:13:24.560 five sticks of dynamite ripped the roof off the daycare center. 0:13:25.120 --> 0:13:28.400 Four three year old boys were killed instantly, so was 0:13:28.440 --> 0:13:33.240 their teacher. Six others were injured. The black community was panicked. 0:13:33.600 --> 0:13:37.600 Nine children in Atlanta were already murdered. Now this, they 0:13:37.640 --> 0:13:41.160 insisted the explosion was a bomb, some sort of sick 0:13:41.200 --> 0:13:45.640 conspiracy against blacks. Mayor Jackson and others tried to convince 0:13:45.679 --> 0:13:49.120 them otherwise. The biggest rumor running through this crowd was 0:13:49.160 --> 0:13:52.360 that the explosion was caused by a bomb. Tension began 0:13:52.400 --> 0:13:55.840 to build because these people wanted to needed to blame 0:13:55.920 --> 0:14:00.439 something for the tragedy they had just witnessed. Need your 0:14:00.480 --> 0:14:06.240 place down? Why not live? Why the lack dot down? 0:14:06.320 --> 0:14:10.640 Well in councilman? Dog time? What indail house him? That's 0:14:10.679 --> 0:14:18.640 why we black leaders saw how dangerous the situation could get. 0:14:18.880 --> 0:14:21.800 So Mayor Jackson and others trying to reassure the crowd, 0:14:22.280 --> 0:14:25.800 what I want you to know that we will not 0:14:26.080 --> 0:14:31.480 rest until we turn every stone, until we look under 0:14:31.560 --> 0:14:39.520 every leaf, until we explode, exploit every possible lead, until 0:14:39.640 --> 0:14:46.040 we follow every possible possibility. We will do everything in 0:14:46.080 --> 0:14:50.880 our power to find the reason for this which at 0:14:50.920 --> 0:14:55.360 this point appears to be an accident. However, the crowd 0:14:55.400 --> 0:14:57.960 here did not believe much of what Mayor Jackson had said. 0:14:58.560 --> 0:15:00.760 They still believed in the rumors that this was a 0:15:00.800 --> 0:15:04.400 deliberate act of violence, and this didn't help. The rumor 0:15:04.440 --> 0:15:07.000 of a bomb threat sent emergency teams into the elementary 0:15:07.040 --> 0:15:10.000 school across the street from the daycare center. They ordered 0:15:10.040 --> 0:15:16.640 everyone out and were tight lipped about why what are 0:15:16.680 --> 0:15:18.560 you Why are you evacuating the school. Let's let's get 0:15:18.600 --> 0:15:23.120 back when I ask you kindly to get back, okay, 0:15:23.800 --> 0:15:27.760 and asked to get that let's go. There's a possibility 0:15:27.840 --> 0:15:32.200 of a bomb. Nothing happened, either in the school or 0:15:32.280 --> 0:15:35.000 in the crowds outside, although there were a lot of 0:15:35.000 --> 0:15:39.920 passionate cries for someone to do something about anything. Could 0:15:39.960 --> 0:15:44.240 you say they did know something encouraging relate took to 0:15:44.360 --> 0:15:47.080 the future protection at you. I think that's all they 0:15:47.120 --> 0:15:54.520 need something increasing protection for the area. We will do 0:15:54.600 --> 0:15:58.800 everything in our power to increase protection for the area. Later, 0:15:59.000 --> 0:16:02.600 a police investing Asian showed the explosion was an accident. 0:16:03.080 --> 0:16:07.520 A poorly maintained boiler blew up. As tragic as it was, 0:16:08.120 --> 0:16:13.440 it was an accident. Been bowling and from stuff they 0:16:13.440 --> 0:16:15.720 don't want you to know. Sat down with us again 0:16:15.840 --> 0:16:18.720 to go over the details of this tragic episode and 0:16:18.960 --> 0:16:22.640 the subsequent conspiracy theories at spurred. Let's set the stage. 0:16:23.080 --> 0:16:27.880 It's ten twenty two October at a place called the 0:16:27.920 --> 0:16:32.560 Bowing Homes Daycare Center when an explosion occurs, and at 0:16:32.560 --> 0:16:38.600 first people have no idea what's going on. From miles away, 0:16:38.640 --> 0:16:42.560 you can see a plume of white smoke. People run 0:16:42.920 --> 0:16:46.360 from adjacent streets. You know, especially think about the parents 0:16:46.400 --> 0:16:49.600 who were there, who knew roughly where that building was. Right, 0:16:50.160 --> 0:16:54.320 hundreds of people are mobbing the area, teachers running out 0:16:54.360 --> 0:16:57.520 with their children. We would later learn that five people 0:16:58.000 --> 0:17:01.560 passed away in that explosion. Uh. There were four children, 0:17:01.640 --> 0:17:06.840 Andre Stanford, Ronald Brown, Kelvin Snelson, and Terence Bradley. These 0:17:07.160 --> 0:17:10.600 boys were all around three years old. In addition, a 0:17:10.640 --> 0:17:15.280 teacher named Nell Robinson also passed away, and UH six 0:17:15.359 --> 0:17:18.960 to seven people were injured. The public immediately thought there 0:17:19.080 --> 0:17:23.480 was a bomb, and in the archival footage you can 0:17:23.600 --> 0:17:27.000 hear people in the back saying it was a bomb. 0:17:27.160 --> 0:17:30.240 Go downtown. It was the clan. The clan did it. 0:17:31.080 --> 0:17:35.800 This panic was compounded by the fact that the elementary 0:17:35.800 --> 0:17:39.520 school across the street was also evacuated, and law enforcement 0:17:39.640 --> 0:17:46.159 refused to say why. And in the absence of transparency, 0:17:46.160 --> 0:17:49.920 of course, speculation grows. And so all it takes is 0:17:49.960 --> 0:17:52.520 one person to say I heard that that there's a 0:17:52.560 --> 0:17:57.320 bomb in there, right, And later officials would say that 0:17:57.960 --> 0:18:02.080 the explosion was caused by a boiler, right, or what's 0:18:02.080 --> 0:18:07.240 called the water to boiler, and that when this explosion occurred, 0:18:07.600 --> 0:18:10.520 it occurred with such force that it did prove fatal, 0:18:11.200 --> 0:18:16.040 but it did not prove some sort of premeditated action. 0:18:16.359 --> 0:18:20.080 Most importantly, no one you know, snuck in and explosive. 0:18:20.160 --> 0:18:23.240 Nobody snuck in under the cover of night and tinkered 0:18:23.320 --> 0:18:27.359 with this boiler. But given the cultural ecology of the time, 0:18:27.440 --> 0:18:31.800 it's completely understandable why people would think this, you know, 0:18:31.960 --> 0:18:35.399 especially if we're looking at a community where as we 0:18:35.440 --> 0:18:39.240 have already established distrust of authority figures is at a high, 0:18:39.320 --> 0:18:43.080 a completely understandable and rational high. We also have to 0:18:43.080 --> 0:18:47.160 consider what Chet, debt Linger, and Jet Pruved point out 0:18:47.200 --> 0:18:51.440 in their book The List. This occurred against a backdrop 0:18:51.920 --> 0:18:58.880 of brutal murders, horrific crimes that also appeared to target 0:18:59.080 --> 0:19:02.320 minority popular nations. In the United States, there was the 0:19:02.320 --> 0:19:06.359 shooting of the National Urban League President Vernon Jordan's in 0:19:06.480 --> 0:19:10.200 Fort Wayne, Indiana, and in Buffalo, New York. Black cab 0:19:10.280 --> 0:19:14.560 drivers were being murdered with their hearts literally cut out 0:19:14.680 --> 0:19:17.600 of their chest. As you can hear on the footage show. 0:19:17.640 --> 0:19:20.320 When you hear the explosions, the panic, the chaos, and 0:19:20.359 --> 0:19:24.720 you already know that someone is targeting children, specific types 0:19:24.760 --> 0:19:27.720 of children right, certain age range, right, and they may 0:19:27.800 --> 0:19:32.280 even be your children. You feel powerless right in you 0:19:32.680 --> 0:19:36.840 cling to a nature of explanation, right as that Luner 0:19:36.960 --> 0:19:41.800 points out here when he was looking at the layout, 0:19:41.880 --> 0:19:47.800 the mapping of this area Bowen Holmes fits into the 0:19:47.960 --> 0:19:52.280 geographical region that he was looking at. He notes that 0:19:52.480 --> 0:19:55.800 a boy who lived on the same street as the 0:19:55.880 --> 0:19:59.919 daycare center later disappeared in a way that might have 0:20:00.040 --> 0:20:04.080 and connected, in his opinion, with the murders. And additionally, 0:20:04.119 --> 0:20:09.560 when a tragedy like this occurs, we hear rumors being 0:20:09.600 --> 0:20:13.480 treated with the same regard as a fact. And in 0:20:13.560 --> 0:20:18.080 den Lajers case is very by the book author an investigator. 0:20:18.400 --> 0:20:23.120 In his case, he begins to notice things that trouble him. 0:20:23.680 --> 0:20:26.360 One of the points was made by John Lewis, who 0:20:26.440 --> 0:20:30.800 was then president of the Atlanta Cab Drivers Association. He 0:20:30.880 --> 0:20:33.360 said he was appointed to a committee to calm public 0:20:33.400 --> 0:20:36.480 alarm after this boiler explosion because people meet when the 0:20:36.480 --> 0:20:40.080 explosion occurs, law enforcement pushes them away, gives medical care 0:20:40.119 --> 0:20:43.920 to people, finds the deceased victims rent, and then later 0:20:43.960 --> 0:20:47.840 that night there's another public gathering where people are saying, 0:20:47.840 --> 0:20:53.280 why isn't anyone doing anything about this? So, in a 0:20:53.400 --> 0:20:58.520 very real sense, at this time and place in history, 0:20:58.600 --> 0:21:02.840 it feels as if there is not simply one Atlanta. 0:21:03.000 --> 0:21:06.040 There's more than one Atlanta right there are at least two. 0:21:06.440 --> 0:21:10.400 And the people who are encountering on top of this 0:21:10.680 --> 0:21:14.359 murder epidemic explosions in places that are supposed to be 0:21:14.400 --> 0:21:17.439 the safest place your kid could be. It feels like 0:21:17.440 --> 0:21:21.440 there's another Atlanta in Atlanta that has safety for its citizens, 0:21:21.480 --> 0:21:24.880 in Atlanta that has non antagonistic law enforcement in Atlanta 0:21:24.920 --> 0:21:28.920 where people can walk at night without fear of a crime. 0:21:29.480 --> 0:21:33.240 And this feels like a very different Atlanta when you're 0:21:33.359 --> 0:21:39.919 around exploding daycares. So immediately after getting news of this explosion, 0:21:40.280 --> 0:21:44.560 the mayor travels there in person, seeking to quell these fears. 0:21:44.600 --> 0:21:49.440 This is not a bomb. Authorities assure me that while 0:21:49.440 --> 0:21:54.119 a tragedy, this is entirely traceable to this water tube boiler. 0:21:54.840 --> 0:21:58.359 The crowd is not buying this, and you can hear, 0:21:58.880 --> 0:22:03.040 you can hear the fundamental anger, right, And there's always 0:22:03.040 --> 0:22:07.280 a sense of betrayal that occurs in a tragedy. Right, 0:22:07.320 --> 0:22:10.080 There's a part of there's a part of our our minds, 0:22:10.720 --> 0:22:13.280 we could even say our souls that recognizes this is 0:22:13.320 --> 0:22:16.960 not how things are supposed to be. And you are 0:22:17.280 --> 0:22:22.400 the mayor, this is your job fix this, Explain this, 0:22:22.960 --> 0:22:27.880 and if we don't believe the official explanation, then give 0:22:27.960 --> 0:22:31.320 us what we see as the real one. There's a 0:22:31.400 --> 0:22:36.480 book called Outbreak, The Encyclopedia of Extraordinary Social Behavior by 0:22:36.560 --> 0:22:40.359 two authors, Hillary Evans and Robert Bartholomew. And this is 0:22:40.359 --> 0:22:44.199 a reference work that compiles different examples of what we 0:22:44.240 --> 0:22:47.360 would see as public panics. In the case of these 0:22:47.400 --> 0:22:52.280 incidencies that the journalists have compiled, we see several commonalities, 0:22:52.280 --> 0:22:56.760 and the number one commonality, regardless of anything else, right, 0:22:56.880 --> 0:23:02.600 regardless of time space, socioeconomic actors, the number one problem 0:23:02.760 --> 0:23:08.000 is the perceived lack of transparency. This becomes doubly frustrating 0:23:08.359 --> 0:23:12.800 and difficult when there is an authority figure. The people 0:23:13.040 --> 0:23:16.680 in this neighborhood played a large role in this mayor's election. 0:23:17.080 --> 0:23:20.840 The mayor, regardless of how well perceived he might be, 0:23:21.359 --> 0:23:25.119 is still functioning as an authority figure in a time 0:23:25.560 --> 0:23:32.119 when authority figures are considered inherently untrustworthy. So when the 0:23:32.240 --> 0:23:36.520 dust has settled and all of the immediate questions and 0:23:36.560 --> 0:23:39.960 answers that can exist do exist, one of the more 0:23:40.280 --> 0:23:44.320 terrifying things that occurs is you begin to wonder is 0:23:44.359 --> 0:23:47.000 it just this one daycare center? If it's a boiler, 0:23:47.119 --> 0:23:50.040 is it just this one boiler? How many other daycare 0:23:50.080 --> 0:23:55.520 centers are here? How many other playgrounds, for example, haven't 0:23:55.560 --> 0:24:01.080 been repaired in what decades? Where is the sewage line 0:24:01.119 --> 0:24:04.520 that was supposed to be here? Why doesn't this infrastructure exist? 0:24:04.960 --> 0:24:08.840 An interesting note that some people may recall, also in 0:24:08.880 --> 0:24:12.520 Atlanta history, was the collapse of an interstate piece of 0:24:13.000 --> 0:24:16.359 an interstate called I five. When this collapse, there was 0:24:16.359 --> 0:24:21.160 an official story about a fire that was set by 0:24:21.720 --> 0:24:25.000 people who didn't mean to burn down this concrete bridge. 0:24:25.320 --> 0:24:31.040 But again, this becomes symbolic of a larger context. Right, 0:24:31.119 --> 0:24:35.680 a lack of a lack of care for public goods. Right, 0:24:35.720 --> 0:24:37.720 it's not Maybe it's not just this one day care. 0:24:37.760 --> 0:24:41.160 Maybe it's every daycare. Maybe it's every road in this 0:24:41.359 --> 0:24:45.200 zip code. And we have to remember that Atlanta has 0:24:45.920 --> 0:24:52.399 a provable and undeniable past of using local districting, even 0:24:52.480 --> 0:24:55.919 unto the level of changing street names to denote the 0:24:56.080 --> 0:25:00.760 two or more different Atlantis that exist culturally. And for 0:25:01.040 --> 0:25:07.040 some people, I five falling was another example of this, 0:25:07.400 --> 0:25:10.040 and even today you will find people who tell you 0:25:10.560 --> 0:25:16.240 that the official story makes no sense. So it's tempting 0:25:16.800 --> 0:25:20.640 for us as people to look at history as something 0:25:20.720 --> 0:25:25.119 that is disconnected. Happened. Once we're done with it, we 0:25:25.160 --> 0:25:27.480 can read about it if we want to. That could 0:25:27.520 --> 0:25:32.239 not be further from the truth. History never leaves us, 0:25:32.400 --> 0:25:36.480 and in the case of the Bowenhaus daycare Center, this 0:25:36.600 --> 0:25:42.280 story continues. Yes, this tragedy occurs soon after the community 0:25:42.320 --> 0:25:46.840 comes together and they rebuild the daycare center. It was 0:25:46.920 --> 0:25:49.720 one of the most horrible tragedies Atlanta had ever seen, 0:25:50.040 --> 0:25:52.880 but in time, attention turned towards making sure a tragedy 0:25:52.920 --> 0:25:56.200 like this could never happen again. The state legislature past 0:25:56.280 --> 0:25:59.399 new laws tightening up the requirements for boiler operation and 0:25:59.480 --> 0:26:03.119 inspect and in May, the rebuilt Bowen Homes Community Center 0:26:03.240 --> 0:26:06.560 was dedicated, a new and more modern boiler now in place. 0:26:06.840 --> 0:26:11.440 There was optimism all around. So are these long standing 0:26:11.560 --> 0:26:16.800 infrastructure problems actually fixed? The answer is no, because in 0:26:16.840 --> 0:26:21.520 two thousand and seven, the furnace explodes again, and ultimately 0:26:21.680 --> 0:26:24.760 in two thousand nine. In June of two thousand nine, 0:26:24.960 --> 0:26:34.480 the daycare center itself is demolished. The Atlanta Housing Authority 0:26:34.520 --> 0:26:37.159 took a major step today to become the first major 0:26:37.240 --> 0:26:40.840 city to tear down its public housing projects. Work has 0:26:40.840 --> 0:26:43.919 officially started on tearing down Bowen Holmes. This was a 0:26:43.960 --> 0:26:46.600 powerful and emotional day for many of the residents who 0:26:46.640 --> 0:26:49.440 once lived in the bow and Holmes public housing complex. 0:26:49.680 --> 0:26:55.040 But with that comes change and uncertain On reflection, there's 0:26:55.119 --> 0:27:04.920 no question that this direction shot I hate to see 0:27:04.920 --> 0:27:08.120 it go. It's a This is one of the all 0:27:08.280 --> 0:27:14.879 this um tragics in in America. Sound it's kind of SATs. 0:27:16.200 --> 0:27:19.400 These are perfect good apartments. It wouldn't's had nothing to renovate. 0:27:19.440 --> 0:27:22.199 The spot may keeping going on, but they did whatever 0:27:22.280 --> 0:27:25.240 they had to do to make sure that they got 0:27:25.320 --> 0:27:36.840 this land and its profety. I mentioned the Omni in 0:27:36.880 --> 0:27:40.919 previous episodes as a particularly significant site. Many victims were 0:27:41.000 --> 0:27:44.119 last seen there were heading there. During our research, we 0:27:44.200 --> 0:27:47.600 found an anonymous individual who claims Wayne Williams was hanging 0:27:47.640 --> 0:27:51.359 around the Omni picking up known murdered children from this case. 0:27:52.160 --> 0:27:55.840 Unfortunately for us, the person's identity was concealed. He was 0:27:55.880 --> 0:27:58.960 interviewed after Wayne was arrested, but before the trial started. 0:27:59.560 --> 0:28:05.600