1 00:00:00,120 --> 00:00:01,920 Speaker 1: This Day in History Class is a production of I 2 00:00:02,040 --> 00:00:06,760 Speaker 1: Heart Radio. Welcome to This Day in History Class, where 3 00:00:06,760 --> 00:00:09,879 Speaker 1: we bring you a new tipbit from history every day. 4 00:00:11,880 --> 00:00:25,880 Speaker 1: Today is September nineteen. The day was September twelve o seven. 5 00:00:26,760 --> 00:00:30,560 Speaker 1: Persian poet and scholar Jalal ab Dean Rumi, better known 6 00:00:30,600 --> 00:00:35,000 Speaker 1: simply as Rumi, was born in the Persian Empire. Some 7 00:00:35,200 --> 00:00:39,159 Speaker 1: sources say his birthplace was Ball in present day Afghanistan, 8 00:00:39,560 --> 00:00:42,160 Speaker 1: and others say it was a small town in modern 9 00:00:42,200 --> 00:00:47,200 Speaker 1: day to Jakistan, Hageographical sources have claimed that Rumi's father, 10 00:00:47,640 --> 00:00:51,720 Speaker 1: Baja al Dean Wallad, was descended from the caliph Abu Bakar, 11 00:00:52,360 --> 00:00:56,200 Speaker 1: but those claims have been rejected. Rumi's father was a 12 00:00:56,240 --> 00:01:01,000 Speaker 1: religious scholar, itinerant preacher, and Sufi teacher. A Sufi is 13 00:01:01,000 --> 00:01:05,040 Speaker 1: a Muslim mystic. The early thirteenth century was a time 14 00:01:05,080 --> 00:01:07,640 Speaker 1: of great conflict in that part of the world. The 15 00:01:07,680 --> 00:01:11,240 Speaker 1: Crusades were happening and the Mongols were also a threat. 16 00:01:12,319 --> 00:01:15,119 Speaker 1: When Roomy was young, his family moved to Saint Marcand, 17 00:01:15,480 --> 00:01:19,480 Speaker 1: possibly because of the Mongols or political instability where they lived. 18 00:01:20,600 --> 00:01:25,120 Speaker 1: They soon moved farther west into Anatolia or present day Turkey. 19 00:01:26,280 --> 00:01:29,640 Speaker 1: When he was a teenager, he married Galahad Khatun, with 20 00:01:29,680 --> 00:01:33,640 Speaker 1: whom he had two children. By twelve twenty nine, the 21 00:01:33,680 --> 00:01:36,840 Speaker 1: Sultan of the Salt Jukes had invited Rumi's father to 22 00:01:36,920 --> 00:01:41,600 Speaker 1: teach theology in Conya, the capital of the Sultanate of Room. 23 00:01:41,640 --> 00:01:44,640 Speaker 1: The salt Jukes were a branch of the Okus Turks 24 00:01:44,680 --> 00:01:47,560 Speaker 1: and a dynasty that ruled parts of Central Asia and 25 00:01:47,720 --> 00:01:51,720 Speaker 1: the Middle East from the eleventh to fourteenth centuries. They 26 00:01:51,840 --> 00:01:56,080 Speaker 1: established the sal Duke Empire and a Sultanate of Room. 27 00:01:56,080 --> 00:01:58,720 Speaker 1: But a couple of years after the family moved to Konya, 28 00:01:59,080 --> 00:02:03,200 Speaker 1: Rumi's father died side around twelve forty one. When his 29 00:02:03,280 --> 00:02:08,160 Speaker 1: father's protege, bordhar Aldin Mahakek died too, Rumi took over 30 00:02:08,320 --> 00:02:12,440 Speaker 1: as teacher. He assumed leadership of the disciples, and he 31 00:02:12,480 --> 00:02:16,760 Speaker 1: became an Islamic jurist. An Islamic jurist or faky is 32 00:02:16,760 --> 00:02:21,959 Speaker 1: a theologian with expertise in Islamic jurisprudence and law. Roumi 33 00:02:22,040 --> 00:02:26,079 Speaker 1: soon became friends with religious scholar and mystic sham's Aldin Tabrisi, 34 00:02:26,400 --> 00:02:30,840 Speaker 1: who arrived in Konya in twelve forty four, Sham's believed 35 00:02:30,840 --> 00:02:35,120 Speaker 1: in unpretentious spirituality. It was under the influence of Shams 36 00:02:35,200 --> 00:02:38,600 Speaker 1: that Rumi turned away from teaching and toward the path 37 00:02:38,720 --> 00:02:43,239 Speaker 1: of the ecstatic. Rumi began writing poetry, but a few 38 00:02:43,280 --> 00:02:47,440 Speaker 1: years after the two met, Sham's disappeared. According to legend, 39 00:02:47,600 --> 00:02:51,120 Speaker 1: Sham's left because Rumi's students were jealous of Shams and 40 00:02:51,240 --> 00:02:55,080 Speaker 1: resentful of Rumi's new passion, or they may have even 41 00:02:55,160 --> 00:03:00,160 Speaker 1: had Shams killed. Whatever the reason for Sham's disappearance me 42 00:03:00,240 --> 00:03:03,640 Speaker 1: expressed his feelings of loss and despair in his poetry 43 00:03:03,680 --> 00:03:08,440 Speaker 1: and dance. Rumi transformed into someone devoted to mystical writing 44 00:03:08,480 --> 00:03:11,040 Speaker 1: and worship. Much of his work at this time was 45 00:03:11,120 --> 00:03:14,480 Speaker 1: expressed through the voice of Shams, but it did not 46 00:03:14,520 --> 00:03:17,000 Speaker 1: take long for him to find his own voice and 47 00:03:17,160 --> 00:03:21,000 Speaker 1: begin writing his most memorable works, like mass Navvy or 48 00:03:21,160 --> 00:03:26,160 Speaker 1: Spiritual Verses, a sixth volume poem containing fables, tales, and 49 00:03:26,360 --> 00:03:30,640 Speaker 1: reflections that illustrate the Sufi doctrine. He was inspired to 50 00:03:30,680 --> 00:03:32,960 Speaker 1: write the work by another mystic he was close to, 51 00:03:33,320 --> 00:03:37,080 Speaker 1: who saw him al ding Chileb. Throughout the last several 52 00:03:37,160 --> 00:03:40,600 Speaker 1: years of his life. Rumi dictated the poem to Hassam, 53 00:03:40,640 --> 00:03:44,440 Speaker 1: who wrote it in Persian. The poem is widely read 54 00:03:44,480 --> 00:03:47,080 Speaker 1: in the Muslim world. People have compared it to the 55 00:03:47,160 --> 00:03:52,520 Speaker 1: Koran and recognized its religious and literary significance. Rumi also 56 00:03:52,560 --> 00:03:55,360 Speaker 1: wrote the Works of Shams to Breeze, a collection of 57 00:03:55,480 --> 00:04:00,720 Speaker 1: mystical poems. Generally, Rumi's poetry focuses on the idea that 58 00:04:00,720 --> 00:04:06,480 Speaker 1: God is absolute, ecstatic love, and he questioned Orthodoxy. Many 59 00:04:06,480 --> 00:04:09,080 Speaker 1: of the poems were composed to be sung at Sufi gathering. 60 00:04:10,240 --> 00:04:13,200 Speaker 1: After his poems were translated, people in the West associated 61 00:04:13,280 --> 00:04:17,080 Speaker 1: him with a tolerant Islamic spirituality and related to his 62 00:04:17,160 --> 00:04:21,280 Speaker 1: focus on a direct connection with God. As far as 63 00:04:21,279 --> 00:04:25,279 Speaker 1: his prose goes, his sermons, letters and lectures have been recorded. 64 00:04:26,520 --> 00:04:29,960 Speaker 1: Roomi died in Konya in twelve seventy three. His followers 65 00:04:30,120 --> 00:04:33,479 Speaker 1: founded the med Levi Order, a Sufi order, years after 66 00:04:33,560 --> 00:04:36,919 Speaker 1: his death. The order is also known as the Whirling 67 00:04:36,960 --> 00:04:40,480 Speaker 1: Dervishes because they practiced whirling as a form of thicker 68 00:04:40,960 --> 00:04:46,120 Speaker 1: or devotion as a means of attaining ecstatic experience. I'm 69 00:04:46,120 --> 00:04:48,320 Speaker 1: Eve Jeff Coote, and hopefully you know a little more 70 00:04:48,360 --> 00:04:51,599 Speaker 1: about history today than you did yesterday. If you feel 71 00:04:51,640 --> 00:04:55,359 Speaker 1: like correcting my pronunciation or my accent on anything that 72 00:04:55,360 --> 00:04:57,760 Speaker 1: I've said in the show. Feel free to leave a 73 00:04:57,880 --> 00:05:02,400 Speaker 1: very kind comment on Twitter, Instagram, or Facebook. At t 74 00:05:02,839 --> 00:05:14,040 Speaker 1: C I h D podcast We'll see you tomorrow. For 75 00:05:14,120 --> 00:05:16,279 Speaker 1: more podcasts from My Heart Radio, visit the I Heart 76 00:05:16,360 --> 00:05:18,880 Speaker 1: Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your 77 00:05:18,880 --> 00:05:19,560 Speaker 1: favorite shows.