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Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera.

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Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff you should know

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Speaker 1: from House Stuff Works dot Com. Hey, and welcome to

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Speaker 1: the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W Chuck Bryant

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Speaker 1: with this Atlanta Braves hat. How's it going, slugger? Yeah?

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Speaker 1: Four braves? Oh yeah. The Yankees are doing terribly too. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's a great way to start the season. Yeah, but

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Speaker 1: at the same time, it's like, oh and four out

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Speaker 1: of what a hundred and eighty nine. It's not like

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Speaker 1: they don't have time to come back and six. But yeah, no,

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Speaker 1: of course there's an a big deal. But you never

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Speaker 1: want to start out like that. No, you really don't. But,

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Speaker 1: as the GM pointed out in an article in Atlanta Magazine,

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Speaker 1: still a lot of games to play. Uh. There, it's

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Speaker 1: a rebuilding season. So they fired somebody, right, yeah, oh yeah.

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Speaker 1: He basically said, like, if you're a fan, don't I

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Speaker 1: hope go read it. Okay, I'm not kid. Even if

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Speaker 1: that were true, they jams don't say that. He said it.

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Speaker 1: He sounds like a straight shooter, right, Maybe he was

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Speaker 1: drunk when he did this interview. I don't know, but

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Speaker 1: that's what that's how I read it. And Matt Arnett's

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Speaker 1: in it too, is a picture of him in front

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Speaker 1: of the grocery. Oh really mad, So I guess we

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Speaker 1: should stop talking like we're not being recorded right now. Um, chuck, uh,

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Speaker 1: this is stuff you should know, as you know. And

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Speaker 1: I propose that we begin in earnest now, so chuck

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Speaker 1: back in. There was a guy, an entomologist who he's

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Speaker 1: not an entomologist, but he did coin a term in

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Speaker 1: an editorial that he wrote for the Journal of Insect Conservation.

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Speaker 1: The guy's name is Michael Samways, and the term he

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Speaker 1: coined is the homage scene. Okay, and the homage scene

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Speaker 1: is this word that describes basically the um sweeping similarity

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Speaker 1: and homogeneity that's come about around the planet um since

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Speaker 1: the age of exploration. It's the reason why you have

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Speaker 1: chili peppers as one of the basis of Thai cooking,

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Speaker 1: even though chili peppers are from meso America, tomatoes from

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Speaker 1: meso America from the basis of Italian cooking. Um. It's

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Speaker 1: the reason why there are black people and white people

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Speaker 1: in the United States. It's the reason why there's Asians

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Speaker 1: in Mexican. In Mexico, it's the reason why the Irish

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Speaker 1: uh entered a famine because they became too reliant on

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Speaker 1: the potato, which is actually from the Andes. And it's

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Speaker 1: the reason why there's old navy stores on every continent,

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Speaker 1: well probably except maybe Antarctica, but I wouldn't be willing

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Speaker 1: to bet too much against that. But the homogescene is

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Speaker 1: this age that we're living in now where biologically it's

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Speaker 1: like the earthworms in Minnesota. They're really from Europe, but

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Speaker 1: they're destroying forests in Minnesota. It's all of this coupling

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Speaker 1: together what um A geographer named Alfred Crosby called umu

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Speaker 1: re stitching the seams of Pangaea, the super continent back

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Speaker 1: together once again. And then one of my heroes, Charles c. Man,

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Speaker 1: it's the basis of his book the follow up in

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Speaker 1: f called It's all about the homogen scene. And like

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Speaker 1: the world that Columbus inadvertently created, the big global stew

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Speaker 1: thank you. Um So a lot of people attributed to Columbus,

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Speaker 1: but you really need to go a little further back

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Speaker 1: and you can place the responsibility for the homoges scene.

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Speaker 1: The good, the bad, the ugly, the everything at the

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Speaker 1: feet pretty much of one guy and Ottoman Sultan named

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Speaker 1: Member the Second, who kind of changed the course of

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Speaker 1: history when he overtook Constantinople. That was a pretty good intro.

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Speaker 1: You just did like a many jazz hands that they

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Speaker 1: were trembling. Yeah, you like try to stop yourself. Uh yeah.

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Speaker 1: Age of Exploration. It was kicked off by Member the Second, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: because he basically shut down UM trade routes through the

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Speaker 1: Middle East. Yeah, the Silk Roads, the famous Silk Roads,

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Speaker 1: which was huge. Well yeah, I mean think about it,

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Speaker 1: like Europe got everything from the Middle East, or from

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Speaker 1: Asia through the through the India, through Turkey, through the

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Speaker 1: subcontinent UM. And this guy took control of Constantinople and

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Speaker 1: effectively said, you know what, I'm kind of tired of

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Speaker 1: your crusades, so any Europeans are barred from taking part

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Speaker 1: in this trade. And that was that. That was huge

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Speaker 1: because then they had to take to the sea. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: but think about it, within like fifty years, all of

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Speaker 1: a sudden they were like, okay, well let's just sail

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Speaker 1: and see what happens. Yeah, and that changed everything. Well,

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Speaker 1: did that kick off the age of expression? That that

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Speaker 1: act is what made people say I'm gonna go get

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Speaker 1: in my frigate exactly and just say frigate out of here. Sorry.

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Speaker 1: Then the word play today is world class. Uh, yes, Josh,

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Speaker 1: So they and I also found it interesting that it

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Speaker 1: seems like almost every great discovery that happened because of

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Speaker 1: that was in a big accident. Yeah, these dudes didn't

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Speaker 1: know where they were. No, Well, Columbus cologne, Crystal Ball

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Speaker 1: cologne is apparently how he would have what he would

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Speaker 1: have answered to Well, and then later on Hudson was like, oops,

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Speaker 1: I found Manhattan. Yeah, but that's not what I was

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Speaker 1: looking for. Well, they were failing again and again and again.

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Speaker 1: Ultimately what they were looking for was a passageway to China. Um,

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Speaker 1: and they found it in Panama. But even then they

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Speaker 1: were like still a little too wide and a little

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Speaker 1: too far. But um, but yes, it was very accident. Um.

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Speaker 1: Except Vasco da Gama was one of the few success

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Speaker 1: stories and one of the earliest two, and he kind

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Speaker 1: of cemented the Portuguese control over this because um, there

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Speaker 1: the the West Indies, like what we now refer to

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Speaker 1: as like Indonesia, the Indian subcontinent, Australasia. Basically, Um, that

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Speaker 1: was the place where we wanted to get to. The

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Speaker 1: Europeans wanted to get to, but they couldn't do it

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Speaker 1: overland any longer. Well, the Gama sailed down around Africa,

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Speaker 1: past the Cape of Good Hope and up to India

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Speaker 1: and came back and said, Okay, Portugal owns the world now,

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Speaker 1: And they kind of did as far as being the

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Speaker 1: dominant traders of the of the time, at least for

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Speaker 1: the for pretty much the whole sixteenth century. UM in Europe,

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Speaker 1: of course wouldn't have that. So the Dutch and the English,

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Speaker 1: you know, ponied up, and well ponied up means they paid.

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Speaker 1: They manned up, I guess, and said, you know what,

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Speaker 1: we gotta get on the on the scene here because

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Speaker 1: Portugal is kicking her butt in the spice trade. And

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Speaker 1: I looked up the whole spice thing just to get

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Speaker 1: a little more into it, because I was like, why

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Speaker 1: we're spices such a big deal. Well, he who controls

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Speaker 1: the spice controls the universe. Well, it was kind of true.

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Speaker 1: Back then, UM, spices were were a huge deal because

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Speaker 1: uh one, Europe didn't have these exotic spices because they

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Speaker 1: didn't grow there. They had they had the head garlic,

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Speaker 1: the head onion, and they had like horzerdish. That's about it.

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Speaker 1: So all of a sudden, these exotic spices, uh, come come,

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Speaker 1: come around, and it makes crappy meat tastes better, It

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Speaker 1: makes spoiled meat taste edible, and other bad foods that

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Speaker 1: have gone bad. Yeah, gruel just spice the crap out

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Speaker 1: of it. And um, it was expensive, so it became

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Speaker 1: like a sign of nobility. So like if you were

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Speaker 1: entertaining and you were like either noble or wealthy, you

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Speaker 1: would like really turn it on to your guest if

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Speaker 1: you like brought out the spice tray like along with

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Speaker 1: the meal that's already spiced, and they would just sample

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Speaker 1: different little spices and it was like a really big thing.

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Speaker 1: And then top it all off, it was served by

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Speaker 1: a captured human being wearing like bright feathers, so you

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Speaker 1: could really show off for your guest's Uh. Spice is

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Speaker 1: also improved health. They were used medicinally to treat dozens

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Speaker 1: of maladies. Well, let's get to the star of this episode.

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Speaker 1: Preserved meats not there yet. Oh sorry, well salt, yeah,

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Speaker 1: how we get j Yeah, salt was so valuable they

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Speaker 1: like hit it in the Tower of London. Oh yeah,

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Speaker 1: I think they called it the Salt Tower even for

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Speaker 1: a little while, not officially. And then peppercorn evidently was

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Speaker 1: one of the most valued. It was like a really

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Speaker 1: huge deal you had pink peppercorn. Yeah. Plus it's not

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Speaker 1: cheap pepper even to this day. But they would actually

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Speaker 1: use peppercorn as rent in areas where like there didn't

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Speaker 1: have money, so they would use this currency and like

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Speaker 1: paid peppercorn rent to your landlord. In the background, somebody shouting,

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Speaker 1: bring out, you're dead and you're paying your rent and peppercorn.

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Speaker 1: So that's that's a primer on why it's such a

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Speaker 1: big eel to get spices back in the day. Well.

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Speaker 1: Plus also ultimately the reason why people were doing everything

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Speaker 1: and anything like memos shut down. Um, the silk rows

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Speaker 1: in fourteen fifty three, Columbus sets sail in fourteen Yeah,

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Speaker 1: so in less than forty years. Um, like we're like, okay,

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Speaker 1: we have to figure this out. But I think the

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Speaker 1: big driver of it always money. Sure, there was a

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Speaker 1: merchant class that could make money from selling this stuff

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Speaker 1: to the nobility. That's right there, you have it. There

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Speaker 1: you have it. So where were we Portugal ruling the

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Speaker 1: spice trade, um. And then the Dutch are like, we

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Speaker 1: gotta put a stop to this. We need to go

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Speaker 1: form a corporation chartered company, one of the world's first.

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Speaker 1: I'm gonna butcher this. It's Dutch man. I mean, that's

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Speaker 1: hard to say. The ver Verinigdish Indiese Company or the

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Speaker 1: Dutch East India Company in English, the VSC, which is

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Speaker 1: probably what we'll call it, or we if we refer

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Speaker 1: to the Dutch, that's what we're talking about, because they

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Speaker 1: were representative of the Dutch government. It was a government

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Speaker 1: establishing government um initially funded company that the the Dutch

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Speaker 1: came about and said, hey, Portugal, you're not the only

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Speaker 1: guys on the map now. And then shortly after that

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Speaker 1: the English said, the English said, you know what, We're

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Speaker 1: going to form the East India Company, which, by the way,

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Speaker 1: we should do an episode on just itself. And it

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Speaker 1: was brutal, just the crazy stuff that the East India

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Speaker 1: Company did, killing him the name of spice. Yes, and

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Speaker 1: the Dutch did too. We'll see pretty much everybody did.

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Speaker 1: Your Europeans were brutal, um. But uh so the E

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Speaker 1: i C. The East India Company or the the English

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Speaker 1: um and the Dutch suddenly hit the scene and gave

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Speaker 1: Portugal a run for its money and basically rested control

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Speaker 1: away from Portugal and started dividing it between themselves. That's

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Speaker 1: the scene in the West Indies, that's right. And then

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Speaker 1: they all said, hey, let's go west and check out

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Speaker 1: what kind of fur is being traded. I'm sorry, that's

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Speaker 1: the scene in the East Indies. Would you say West Indies? Yeah? Yeah, um,

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Speaker 1: nice catch. So they the v O C in the

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Speaker 1: E I C England, in Holland, let's call it okay,

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Speaker 1: or we're calling the Dutch, or maybe we should just

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Speaker 1: say that from Amsterdame. Okay, they're all the same. Jerry's laughing.

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Speaker 1: Let's call it the the Netherlands. Everyone in rotter Damn

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Speaker 1: is really mad at you right now, Um Rodder. Name

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Speaker 1: is very nice. Actually, I would imagine I think all

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Speaker 1: of it, all of the Netherlands are nice, lovely, lovely country.

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Speaker 1: Um okay. So uh so they both say, let's go

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Speaker 1: check out the New World because there's gotta be some

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Speaker 1: fur there, and let's do it. Let's let's beat the

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Speaker 1: Portuguese over there. Let's do it, I mean not together

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Speaker 1: in a charter. Yeah, um, we can do it, right.

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Speaker 1: So yeah, now they were competing. They didn't do anything together.

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Speaker 1: It was all competition. There's a competition in the east

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Speaker 1: for the Spice Islands, and now there's a competition in

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Speaker 1: the west and specifically in the um northeastern what is

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Speaker 1: now the northeastern United States. And the whole thing began

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Speaker 1: with um like you were poking fun at Henry Hudson

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Speaker 1: who tried to look for a northeast passage to China

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Speaker 1: for the Dutch. Though that was I was on his own.

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Speaker 1: He was an English explorer. I thought was the northeast.

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Speaker 1: Then the said, hey, while you're up there, look for

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Speaker 1: a northwest passage. Try that one and we'll pay you.

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Speaker 1: Now here's what I was curious about. Was he like

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Speaker 1: a trader to his country for doing this or was

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Speaker 1: it just like all bets are off when you're hired.

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Speaker 1: I think it was you. Well, Christobal Cologne was I

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Speaker 1: think he was Portuguese. No, he was Genoese. He was

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Speaker 1: Italian and he was exploring for um, the Spanish when

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Speaker 1: he landed on Hispaniola. So yeah, it was I think

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Speaker 1: whoever whoever would pay for your expedition. And yeah, so

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Speaker 1: Henry Hudson, I don't believe I've ever heard him considered

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Speaker 1: a trader for that. But he basically contracted out with

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Speaker 1: the Dutch. That's right, the V O C. And he

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Speaker 1: didn't find that Northwest passage, but he did discover, um,

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Speaker 1: the Hudson River. He did. It wasn't called that until

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Speaker 1: he found it Long Island in another place called Manhattan.

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Speaker 1: And now we get to the crux of our story

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Speaker 1: because the Dutch are aware that there's a place called

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Speaker 1: Manhattan and they want to check it out because it

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Speaker 1: has awesome street food. He uh, he did little trading

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Speaker 1: there initially, and that's how he kind of established for

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Speaker 1: the Dutch was by taking part in some commerce. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: because first, um, we're fairly lucrative. There were nothing compared

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Speaker 1: to spices, but they were enough to like get an

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Speaker 1: interest for nothing compared to peppercorn because we were lousy

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Speaker 1: with animals at the time. Yeah, like we didn't know

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Speaker 1: what we're doing. Just kill them all and the fur

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Speaker 1: is easy to come by. Peppercorn though, doesn't grow here.

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Speaker 1: All right, you're ready, I'm ready, okay, so uh he

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Speaker 1: uh he claims it for the Dutch. The States General

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Speaker 1: of the Netherlands set up the Dutch West India Company

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Speaker 1: after this you know revelation that they have you know,

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Speaker 1: trading partners over there, that's right, And it became New Netherland,

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Speaker 1: not New Belgium, not New or New Amsterdam. Yeah, new

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Speaker 1: New Amsterdam is New York exactly. New Netherlands is the

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Speaker 1: area around New York. Yeah, specifically, I think New York,

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Speaker 1: New Jersey, Connecticut, Um, Delaware and parts of Pennsylvanian and

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Speaker 1: Rhode Island like a lot a lot of area. So

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Speaker 1: the the Dutch West India Company sends a bunch of

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Speaker 1: Dutch people the colonize and start hanging out, uh, kind

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Speaker 1: of making friends with the local Indians, the lenape Algonquin

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Speaker 1: Lennapee tribe. So I also read that there were Delaware,

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Speaker 1: the Meadowak, and the Wappinger were all there or whoppinger, Um,

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Speaker 1: we're all in the area as well. Um, So the

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Speaker 1: Dutch are like hanging out around these people are the

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Speaker 1: new guys, and they're talking here there. And within five

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Speaker 1: years the director himself of the v o C, Peter Minuit,

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Speaker 1: shows up and he's basically just coming to check on

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Speaker 1: this newly established colony, and while he's there, one of

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Speaker 1: the things he does is um try to establish claim

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Speaker 1: for the Dutch of Manhattan by buying it from the

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Speaker 1: local tribe. Yeah. Well, at first, so the Indians are

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Speaker 1: all like, we don't, we don't trade land and air

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Speaker 1: and water. That's that's for everyone to use. And then

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Speaker 1: the Dutch, we don't understand that. The Dutch said, have

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Speaker 1: you tried liquor? And composedly suppose this is what Jay

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Speaker 1: McGrath says. She's pretty good at history generally. I just

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Speaker 1: looked at that. I couldn't find the liquor. I couldn't

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Speaker 1: find any other great sources for that. So according to

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Speaker 1: this article, um, the Dutch said, hey guys, let's um,

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Speaker 1: let's partake in some liquor, and the Indians on the

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Speaker 1: island drank it with them and got really drunk. And

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Speaker 1: that's where the name Mannhattan supposedly comes from, which I

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Speaker 1: guess it would be in an algonquin tongue because that's

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Speaker 1: what everybody spoke up there. But it was Manna hatch

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Speaker 1: Tannian and the hatch tani, which means the place we

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Speaker 1: all got drunk. Yeah, that's where Manhattan comes from. Supposedly

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Speaker 1: that's the legend. Well that's what they say. The Dutch

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Speaker 1: trans translated that into Mannahatta and then that eventually became Manhattan. Right,

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Speaker 1: So the Dutch are there, Peter Minuit's there, and he's like,

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Speaker 1: you know what, it's just let's see what we can

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Speaker 1: do and let's try to buy this um. Like you

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Speaker 1: said that, the Indians at the time, supposedly nowhere in

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Speaker 1: in the New World um understood or believed in the

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Speaker 1: concept of owning land. So the idea of an Indian

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Speaker 1: saying I will see this land to you you you

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Speaker 1: have to also follow that up at the image of

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Speaker 1: them turning around and laughing to his friends. Right, And

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Speaker 1: not only that, apparently Manhattan wasn't um inhabited. It was

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Speaker 1: a place where they hunted and fished and kind of

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Speaker 1: hung out sometimes. But apparently no local tribe lived on Manhattan,

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Speaker 1: so which made the idea of one of them selling

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Speaker 1: it to them even funnier. And no one knows which

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Speaker 1: which group the Dutch um bought this from. The only

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Speaker 1: record of this this transaction ever taking place was a

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Speaker 1: letter written by Peter Minuit, who just mentions offhand, Um

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Speaker 1: the next year that oh, yeah, we bought Manhattan for

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Speaker 1: a chest of of stuff for sixty guilders. Yeah, that's

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Speaker 1: the old rumor two dollars bought Manhattan, and that's you know,

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Speaker 1: been disputed here and there. Um, well, the sixty guilders

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Speaker 1: is what he wrote that he spent. He spent for Manhattan.

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Speaker 1: But how much that was worth at the time, Like

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Speaker 1: you said, a lot of people said twenty four dollars.

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Speaker 1: They've seen a thousand. It wasn't much, right. Um. I

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Speaker 1: did a little more reading on this too, and it's

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Speaker 1: because you know, of course, the person you think is boy,

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Speaker 1: the Native Americans got rooked out of Manhattan and who

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Speaker 1: knew at the time, But like you said, they didn't

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Speaker 1: even own it, so they sort of pulled a fast one.

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Speaker 1: And in the end, I think most historians think that

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Speaker 1: neither party really fully even understood the terms of the sale.

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Speaker 1: And it wasn't like, oh my gosh, we have these

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Speaker 1: trinkets now. It was hey, we've got some potential military partners,

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Speaker 1: and the Dutch were like, hey, we've got some potential

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Speaker 1: trade partners. So it was a lot more. It a

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Speaker 1: lot more than the sixty guilders right, and even the trinkets,

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Speaker 1: like you mentioned, that's under dispute as well. They they

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Speaker 1: it's all. It's also in addition to the twenty four dollars,

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Speaker 1: which is estimated in the nineteenth century, is kind of

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Speaker 1: a way to make the Indians look like idiots. UM

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Speaker 1: saying that it was just a box of trinkets makes

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Speaker 1: it sound like he makes them sound even dumber. But

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Speaker 1: probably what it was where like axes, metal kettles, UM, scissors,

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Speaker 1: just stuff like the Indians just technology. They didn't have

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Speaker 1: them cutting in so UM. The I guess the idea

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Speaker 1: that the man that the Indians selling Manhattan for two

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Speaker 1: dollars is um false at the very least, it's it's

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Speaker 1: been um taken out of context. But what we have here,

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Speaker 1: I think what you're saying is that there's two parties,

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Speaker 1: neither of which are in any um position to sell

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Speaker 1: or buy this land, who do just that UM. And

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Speaker 1: the sale of Brooklyn actually is a lot better re recorded.

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Speaker 1: There's it's a lot better documented UM. From sixteen thirty

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Speaker 1: six to six eighty four, over like twenty two treaties

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Speaker 1: the local Um tribes sold Manhattan or Brooklyn piece by

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Speaker 1: piece like what amounted to like twelve thousand guilders over time.

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Speaker 1: And um historians now see that as the Indians kind

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Speaker 1: of figuring out that if you sold this land that

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Speaker 1: you didn't even think you owned to the Europeans, it

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Speaker 1: was a way of staving off your eventual removal, and

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Speaker 1: that they were basically doing it. They kind of mastered,

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Speaker 1: like pawning the Europeans, so they were on views of land,

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Speaker 1: they weren't the rubes that they're painted to be. Oftentimes.

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Speaker 1: I think that's the point here. Yeah, I like that. Okay,

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Speaker 1: they said, check out park Slope. Can you imagine the

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Speaker 1: baby carriages one day and the young yuppiece who will

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Speaker 1: be living here are they're still yuppies if not in

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Speaker 1: name and practice. Yeah. Um. So the long story short

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Speaker 1: is that the Dutch now believed that they own Manhattan

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Speaker 1: and New Netherlands in short order, like by the end

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Speaker 1: of the seventeenth century, they own what's now New York,

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Speaker 1: New Jersey in Connecticut, right, that's right. At the same time,

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Speaker 1: back east in the East Indies, things are starting to

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Speaker 1: heat up, specifically around what I said earlier is the

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Speaker 1: star of this episode. This as far as spices go nutmeg. Uh.

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Speaker 1: Nutmeg was very valuable. It tasted yummy when sprinkled on

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Speaker 1: puddings and desserts. And uh it was an approdisiac. Supposedly

355
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Speaker 1: it was hallucinogenic. Uh powder it's an abort of fashion,

356
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Speaker 1: which means it can cause abortions. Really, so if you're pregnant,

357
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Speaker 1: you were supposed to touch nutmeg. Interesting, I didn't done that. Yeah. Uh.

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Speaker 1: And during the Black Plague, they would wear nutmeg around

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Speaker 1: their neck. And if you think that sounds a little inky,

360
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Speaker 1: it might have actually kept the fleas away that carried

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Speaker 1: the Black plague, so it may not have been simply superstition, right,

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Speaker 1: So they were kind of smart. Plus again we get

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Speaker 1: to what what really drove people the mark up big time.

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Speaker 1: They they some traders marked it up as much as

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Speaker 1: six thousand percent. That's a lot of profit which would

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Speaker 1: make people go crazy for it, which is what the

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Speaker 1: Dutch did. That's right. And at the time, up until

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Speaker 1: about the mid nineteenth century, the only place you could

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Speaker 1: find this stuff was in the Banda Islands in Indonesia

370
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Speaker 1: group of islands got this nutmeg. This one island in particular,

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Speaker 1: uh Powella Run, which they called run yeah, that one

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Speaker 1: was lousy with us. It's one of the smallest islands

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Speaker 1: of the Banda Islands, but it was like just covered

374
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Speaker 1: in nutmeg. And there's how many, I think five islands

375
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Speaker 1: to the band is and um four were controlled by

376
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Speaker 1: the Dutch clearly out right, and then one was controlled

377
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Speaker 1: by the British. And the Dutch um landed on the

378
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Speaker 1: band Islands and kicked the Portuguese out. It did their

379
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Speaker 1: little treaty thing with the locals, which they like to do.

380
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Speaker 1: The locals said, okay, thanks for the money. I don't

381
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Speaker 1: know what you're talking about, and proceeded to trade with

382
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Speaker 1: other people. Well, yeah, they wanted to establish the monopoly

383
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Speaker 1: the Dutch did. Yeah, they're saying like we want to

384
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Speaker 1: be the only exporter of nutmeg, right, you can only

385
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Speaker 1: sell to us. And then here signed this. But the

386
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Speaker 1: locals did. They had no idea what what was going on,

387
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Speaker 1: and they didn't understand this concept or they just didn't

388
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Speaker 1: really care if the Dutch wanted a monopoly or not.

389
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Speaker 1: So long story short, the Dutch brutalized the Banda natives.

390
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Speaker 1: Um Uh carried out like raids and massacres of villages,

391
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Speaker 1: executed chiefs, basically um wipe themselves out of the local

392
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Speaker 1: population that was capable of growing nutmegs, so they had

393
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Speaker 1: to import colonists from the Netherlands to come grow the nutmeg.

394
00:24:04,240 --> 00:24:08,080
Speaker 1: That's right. But they had their monopoly, well almost the monopoly,

395
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Speaker 1: because the British still had the control of run um.

396
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Speaker 1: And like you said, even though it was small, it

397
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Speaker 1: was lousy with with nutmeg. It's so crazy that nutmeg

398
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Speaker 1: was like the reason all this was going on. I've

399
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Speaker 1: got like four whole nutmeg nuts in my pantry right

400
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Speaker 1: now and it's like nothing to men to see my pants.

401
00:24:26,920 --> 00:24:29,199
Speaker 1: I didn't understand that. It's like, what's that good for?

402
00:24:29,359 --> 00:24:33,280
Speaker 1: I just have one in my pocket, gets rid of police.

403
00:24:34,240 --> 00:24:38,040
Speaker 1: Uh alright, So the Dutch um you were saying, they

404
00:24:38,040 --> 00:24:42,000
Speaker 1: didn't quite have a monopoly because the British had a run. Exactly,

405
00:24:42,560 --> 00:24:45,960
Speaker 1: the British had run so uh, they would dip um.

406
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Speaker 1: They would dip the nutmeg and lime the dutch wood,

407
00:24:48,320 --> 00:24:51,480
Speaker 1: which would mean it can't grow like if you planet. Yeah,

408
00:24:51,520 --> 00:24:54,600
Speaker 1: because think about it, if you're exporting nutmeg, it's the

409
00:24:54,720 --> 00:24:57,760
Speaker 1: fruit the mast of the nutmeg tree, which means it's

410
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Speaker 1: also the seed, which any smart person could take that,

411
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Speaker 1: put it in the ground in a similar climate and

412
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Speaker 1: grow nutmeg, and then all of a sudden, the Dutch

413
00:25:04,840 --> 00:25:07,840
Speaker 1: doesn't The Dutch don't have that monopoly any longer, so

414
00:25:07,880 --> 00:25:11,199
Speaker 1: they very ingeniously dipped it in line. That was that

415
00:25:11,440 --> 00:25:14,000
Speaker 1: jerk move. It is a jerk move, but it's a

416
00:25:14,040 --> 00:25:18,200
Speaker 1: good way to control that's true. But it didn't quite

417
00:25:18,200 --> 00:25:22,280
Speaker 1: work because somebody decided, one of the higher ups that

418
00:25:22,320 --> 00:25:26,119
Speaker 1: we need to partner up with England here instead of

419
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Speaker 1: trying to like war them out of business with a nutmeg,

420
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Speaker 1: let's partner up um. In sixteen nineteen they signed a

421
00:25:33,000 --> 00:25:36,760
Speaker 1: cooperation agreement, but there was a commander of the v

422
00:25:36,840 --> 00:25:42,520
Speaker 1: o C Yahn Pierre Soon Cohen, who said, screw that

423
00:25:43,240 --> 00:25:45,920
Speaker 1: and screw your agreement. I'm gonna go and I'm gonna

424
00:25:45,920 --> 00:25:48,520
Speaker 1: burn down all the nutmeg treats. Yeah, he seems like

425
00:25:48,560 --> 00:25:51,960
Speaker 1: a very vindictive kind of guy, like he wanted the

426
00:25:51,960 --> 00:25:54,960
Speaker 1: British out. He wanted the Band Islands just under Dutch

427
00:25:55,040 --> 00:25:58,120
Speaker 1: control so badly that even after his the higher up

428
00:25:58,160 --> 00:26:01,640
Speaker 1: said well, we're cool with the British, he was like, no, no,

429
00:26:01,720 --> 00:26:04,200
Speaker 1: you know what, I'm just gonna burn the whole island down.

430
00:26:04,280 --> 00:26:07,520
Speaker 1: That's all right, he was crazy, he was yeah. Uh.

431
00:26:07,600 --> 00:26:11,840
Speaker 1: So fast forward to the Second Anglo Dutch War. The

432
00:26:11,960 --> 00:26:16,840
Speaker 1: Dutch finally get control of Run Yeah in sixteen sixty six.

433
00:26:17,240 --> 00:26:20,800
Speaker 1: And then right after that they the Dutch in the English,

434
00:26:20,800 --> 00:26:22,800
Speaker 1: said all right, things are a little out of hand,

435
00:26:22,880 --> 00:26:25,960
Speaker 1: right now, let's end this war with the treaty, Yeah,

436
00:26:26,800 --> 00:26:31,800
Speaker 1: very appropriately named Treaty of Bretta. Well back up a

437
00:26:31,800 --> 00:26:34,359
Speaker 1: little bit before this. In sixteen sixty we need to

438
00:26:34,359 --> 00:26:38,160
Speaker 1: point out what's going on back in Manhattan. England took

439
00:26:38,160 --> 00:26:42,320
Speaker 1: control of Manhattan pretty much by sailing four ships into

440
00:26:42,320 --> 00:26:45,440
Speaker 1: the harbor, and because the fur trade wasn't as lucrative

441
00:26:45,440 --> 00:26:48,440
Speaker 1: as they thought it was gonna be, the West India

442
00:26:48,480 --> 00:26:52,439
Speaker 1: Company from uh Holland said, you know, we're not so

443
00:26:52,520 --> 00:26:55,439
Speaker 1: concerned about that area, so we're not going to fortify

444
00:26:55,480 --> 00:26:56,840
Speaker 1: it too much. We're not gonna send him a lot

445
00:26:56,840 --> 00:26:59,440
Speaker 1: of ammo. So basically, when the English showed up in

446
00:26:59,480 --> 00:27:04,080
Speaker 1: sixteen four and said surrender, they went, okay, like, will

447
00:27:04,119 --> 00:27:07,639
Speaker 1: surrender because the Dutch are, you know, Motherland kind of

448
00:27:07,680 --> 00:27:10,000
Speaker 1: forgot about us over here. They don't care about us,

449
00:27:10,440 --> 00:27:13,960
Speaker 1: and so come on, it's yours. And by this time

450
00:27:14,000 --> 00:27:18,080
Speaker 1: also they'd formed the first brewery, remember blocking Christiansen, So

451
00:27:18,119 --> 00:27:20,640
Speaker 1: they were just getting drunk. Yeah, They're like come on,

452
00:27:20,800 --> 00:27:24,879
Speaker 1: and and of course England was like sweet yeah, um,

453
00:27:24,960 --> 00:27:28,120
Speaker 1: so thank you for that. By the way, um, the

454
00:27:28,119 --> 00:27:30,640
Speaker 1: the Dutch in the English after what was the war

455
00:27:31,320 --> 00:27:34,640
Speaker 1: that that was the Second Anglo Dutch War, second of three,

456
00:27:34,640 --> 00:27:37,720
Speaker 1: I think, and in the Treaty of Breta um between

457
00:27:37,720 --> 00:27:41,080
Speaker 1: the Dutch and the English um settled. A lot of

458
00:27:41,119 --> 00:27:44,320
Speaker 1: disputes ended that war, but they had disputes in the

459
00:27:44,400 --> 00:27:47,280
Speaker 1: in the West Indies. So this way the Dutch had

460
00:27:47,359 --> 00:27:49,440
Speaker 1: all of the in the East Indies had all of

461
00:27:49,480 --> 00:27:53,199
Speaker 1: the band Islands. Um. The There was a lot of

462
00:27:53,240 --> 00:27:56,920
Speaker 1: skirmishes between the Dutch and the English in Surinam over

463
00:27:57,040 --> 00:28:01,439
Speaker 1: cocoa and sugar plantations. And finally, in the Treaty of Bretta,

464
00:28:01,560 --> 00:28:06,880
Speaker 1: which was very much in the duchess favor, the English

465
00:28:07,080 --> 00:28:10,479
Speaker 1: ended up with Manhattan. They said, you just had that,

466
00:28:10,520 --> 00:28:12,720
Speaker 1: You're already there and it was kind of um, as

467
00:28:12,960 --> 00:28:16,320
Speaker 1: man puts it in was kind of a booby prize,

468
00:28:16,680 --> 00:28:20,080
Speaker 1: like you know. The English were like, if you can

469
00:28:20,160 --> 00:28:22,359
Speaker 1: keep that, it's all right, and like no, no, we

470
00:28:22,400 --> 00:28:25,359
Speaker 1: want you to have it. We're so grateful for the

471
00:28:25,720 --> 00:28:30,199
Speaker 1: for the islands and for Surinam. You keep Manhattan, and

472
00:28:30,280 --> 00:28:34,560
Speaker 1: today the Olsen twins lived there, at least one of

473
00:28:34,600 --> 00:28:39,320
Speaker 1: them does. Uh. So in the end, England kept Manhattan,

474
00:28:39,320 --> 00:28:42,120
Speaker 1: which they kind of already had. The Dutch kept Run

475
00:28:42,280 --> 00:28:45,640
Speaker 1: which they kind of already had again by that point. Um,

476
00:28:45,680 --> 00:28:50,360
Speaker 1: but England kind of pulled a fast one by taking

477
00:28:50,440 --> 00:28:55,680
Speaker 1: lime free nutmeg and planning it on different islands. Granada,

478
00:28:55,840 --> 00:28:59,280
Speaker 1: who came out on top England, I would say, so,

479
00:28:59,280 --> 00:29:01,640
Speaker 1: so they sorted in it up, trading Manhattan for nutmeg.

480
00:29:02,280 --> 00:29:05,479
Speaker 1: That's a really really roundabout way to put it. Uh

481
00:29:05,520 --> 00:29:08,520
Speaker 1: And then of course in sixteen seventy three the Dutch

482
00:29:08,600 --> 00:29:12,680
Speaker 1: retook Manhattan said no, no, no, it's ours again. There

483
00:29:12,760 --> 00:29:17,360
Speaker 1: was a third war, uh Anglo Dutch War, but they

484
00:29:17,360 --> 00:29:20,280
Speaker 1: were also fighting the French at the same time, which

485
00:29:20,320 --> 00:29:25,240
Speaker 1: really screwed them. They went bankrupt basically, and finally in

486
00:29:25,280 --> 00:29:28,720
Speaker 1: sixteen seventy four, the Treaty of Westminster, they finally said,

487
00:29:28,720 --> 00:29:32,360
Speaker 1: all right here, officially once again, you have Manhattan. Man

488
00:29:32,760 --> 00:29:37,560
Speaker 1: that's where like all over the place, weren't they you

489
00:29:37,560 --> 00:29:43,360
Speaker 1: you you're new that's it. That's all for nutmeg and Manhattan.

490
00:29:43,480 --> 00:29:45,120
Speaker 1: I'd like to do more history of New York stuff.

491
00:29:45,160 --> 00:29:48,040
Speaker 1: I love that. Yeah, it's cool, great topic, very cool.

492
00:29:49,080 --> 00:29:52,840
Speaker 1: Uh well you got anything else? Yeah? If you want

493
00:29:52,880 --> 00:29:55,160
Speaker 1: to learn more about nutmeg, you should type that word

494
00:29:55,200 --> 00:29:57,400
Speaker 1: into the search part house stuff works dot com. You

495
00:29:57,440 --> 00:30:01,640
Speaker 1: can can also type in East India, come Benny Dutch,

496
00:30:01,760 --> 00:30:05,480
Speaker 1: West Indies company like all sorts of cool stuff, and

497
00:30:05,520 --> 00:30:08,840
Speaker 1: it'll bring up all sorts of cool things TI Manhattan.

498
00:30:09,280 --> 00:30:11,640
Speaker 1: You'll be pleasantly surprised if you type that into the

499
00:30:11,640 --> 00:30:15,440
Speaker 1: search part. It's probably a drink maybe article in there

500
00:30:16,160 --> 00:30:19,840
Speaker 1: that would pleasantly surprise me. Um so, I said, handy

501
00:30:19,840 --> 00:30:25,120
Speaker 1: searcher bar, which means it's time for listening, made Josh

502
00:30:25,200 --> 00:30:28,920
Speaker 1: appropriately enough. This is about Robert de Niro talking New

503
00:30:28,960 --> 00:30:32,800
Speaker 1: York area. Hi, guys, I worked in the service industry

504
00:30:32,800 --> 00:30:35,600
Speaker 1: for about ten years. This is about tipping the way

505
00:30:36,120 --> 00:30:38,320
Speaker 1: from salad bars to four star hotels, and I've had

506
00:30:38,360 --> 00:30:41,000
Speaker 1: tons and tons of stories. Most memorably is the one

507
00:30:41,000 --> 00:30:43,920
Speaker 1: I had when I served Mr Robert de Niro named

508
00:30:43,920 --> 00:30:47,800
Speaker 1: spando Um. This is about seven years ago. I was

509
00:30:47,840 --> 00:30:51,840
Speaker 1: acting as doorman at the Fairmont Washington, d C. Nice Place.

510
00:30:52,200 --> 00:30:54,120
Speaker 1: De Niro stayed with us for about three nights, and

511
00:30:54,160 --> 00:30:56,400
Speaker 1: I happened to work every day during his stay. Because

512
00:30:56,400 --> 00:30:58,680
Speaker 1: I worked the night shift, had several opportunities to greet

513
00:30:58,760 --> 00:31:01,840
Speaker 1: him and his lovely life and pretty much no one

514
00:31:01,880 --> 00:31:04,640
Speaker 1: else was around. His wife was very charming and talkative

515
00:31:04,920 --> 00:31:08,320
Speaker 1: and would indulge the driver in genuine conversation. Uh. This

516
00:31:08,320 --> 00:31:10,080
Speaker 1: would afford me time to fit in a little small

517
00:31:10,120 --> 00:31:13,720
Speaker 1: talk with the man himself, and his reactions were classic DeNiro.

518
00:31:14,200 --> 00:31:16,400
Speaker 1: He even shrugged his shoulders when he spoke the man

519
00:31:16,640 --> 00:31:19,640
Speaker 1: is a movie. Can you imagine being DeNiro? Where people

520
00:31:19,680 --> 00:31:21,960
Speaker 1: I was like, dude, that's so DeNiro. He's just like

521
00:31:22,240 --> 00:31:26,800
Speaker 1: that's me, Like, please stop it. Anyways, for some reason,

522
00:31:27,240 --> 00:31:29,240
Speaker 1: his wife and himself took a liking to me and

523
00:31:29,320 --> 00:31:31,160
Speaker 1: requested me to assist him in checking out of the

524
00:31:31,240 --> 00:31:33,320
Speaker 1: room at the end of the stay. He had three

525
00:31:33,360 --> 00:31:36,600
Speaker 1: beautiful children, all mixed race like myself, and he had

526
00:31:36,640 --> 00:31:38,240
Speaker 1: to tend to one of them who was dealing with

527
00:31:38,280 --> 00:31:41,200
Speaker 1: an eye infection. A manager, luggage and their checkout and

528
00:31:41,200 --> 00:31:44,400
Speaker 1: proceeded down to the driveway at the entrance. It was

529
00:31:44,440 --> 00:31:47,800
Speaker 1: all hands on deck, including the general manager, all supervisors,

530
00:31:47,800 --> 00:31:50,800
Speaker 1: and my bell staff. Problem is on a checkout like this,

531
00:31:51,600 --> 00:31:53,800
Speaker 1: too many people getting the way of us, Lackey's receiving

532
00:31:53,800 --> 00:31:57,000
Speaker 1: any kind of proper gratuity. On top of that, celebrity

533
00:31:57,040 --> 00:31:59,440
Speaker 1: stind to have what we call a fixer, someone who

534
00:31:59,480 --> 00:32:02,320
Speaker 1: acts as a little man between the hotel and the guests, because,

535
00:32:02,320 --> 00:32:03,760
Speaker 1: of course the guests. I don't want to talk to

536
00:32:03,800 --> 00:32:07,560
Speaker 1: the bellhop, got someone else do that. Uh So I'm

537
00:32:07,560 --> 00:32:10,720
Speaker 1: waiting next to his vehicle, luggage is packed, not expecting

538
00:32:10,720 --> 00:32:13,120
Speaker 1: any tip because it's part of the course with this

539
00:32:13,200 --> 00:32:15,680
Speaker 1: kind of checkout, and I can't complain having had the

540
00:32:15,680 --> 00:32:18,760
Speaker 1: opportunity to serve someone I admired greatly. At that point,

541
00:32:18,880 --> 00:32:21,200
Speaker 1: Mr de Niro walked up to the fixer and I

542
00:32:21,240 --> 00:32:24,360
Speaker 1: heard him say, are these guys taken care of of course?

543
00:32:24,400 --> 00:32:26,640
Speaker 1: The fixer replies, oh, yes, of course, of course, of course,

544
00:32:26,960 --> 00:32:29,840
Speaker 1: knowing darnwell that wasn't true. That's when de Niro pulls

545
00:32:29,840 --> 00:32:32,240
Speaker 1: the most classic move ever. He looks at the fixer

546
00:32:32,280 --> 00:32:34,360
Speaker 1: and says, okay, well, I want to take care of

547
00:32:34,400 --> 00:32:36,320
Speaker 1: them myself. I wish I could do a de Niro.

548
00:32:36,560 --> 00:32:39,240
Speaker 1: I'm not even gonna embarrass myself, though I'm surprised you can't.

549
00:32:40,600 --> 00:32:43,080
Speaker 1: Uh proceeds to hand out twenty dollar bills to all

550
00:32:43,080 --> 00:32:45,840
Speaker 1: of the bell men. Uh, simply for holding the door open.

551
00:32:46,080 --> 00:32:48,080
Speaker 1: Then he walks over to me, thanks me for my service,

552
00:32:48,080 --> 00:32:51,080
Speaker 1: and shakes my hand. My heart is beating like Jimmy Conway.

553
00:32:51,520 --> 00:32:54,800
Speaker 1: I looked Jimmy Conway's boot in Billy Batt's face. I

554
00:32:54,960 --> 00:32:58,720
Speaker 1: looked down and there are five bills folded up neatly

555
00:32:58,720 --> 00:33:01,280
Speaker 1: in my palm. He see seriously folded up the bills

556
00:33:01,320 --> 00:33:04,560
Speaker 1: in his bomb and shook my hand like Scorsese had

557
00:33:04,600 --> 00:33:08,520
Speaker 1: just called action. Uh. The only thing I could think was, wow,

558
00:33:08,560 --> 00:33:11,320
Speaker 1: he really just did that. I basically blacked out after that.

559
00:33:12,000 --> 00:33:14,440
Speaker 1: And that it's from Corey Osborne and he came to

560
00:33:14,600 --> 00:33:17,880
Speaker 1: and wrote the email. Pretty cool. I love that de

561
00:33:17,960 --> 00:33:21,600
Speaker 1: Niro taking care of the common man. Yeah, and Boo

562
00:33:21,760 --> 00:33:25,920
Speaker 1: on the fixer his Yeah. I thinks this, buddy, that

563
00:33:26,040 --> 00:33:28,000
Speaker 1: was a great one. Thanks a lot, Corey. That was

564
00:33:28,040 --> 00:33:30,560
Speaker 1: a good tipping story. That was maybe the best one

565
00:33:30,600 --> 00:33:35,680
Speaker 1: we got, I think. So, um, let's see what else, Chuck, Yeah, nothing,

566
00:33:36,040 --> 00:33:39,600
Speaker 1: I can't think of anything for anybody to write in about. Uh.

567
00:33:39,640 --> 00:33:43,400
Speaker 1: If you got any interesting Manhattan history stories, that's a

568
00:33:43,440 --> 00:33:47,600
Speaker 1: great one, or Brooklyn. The Brooklyn Historical Society is killing

569
00:33:47,960 --> 00:33:52,520
Speaker 1: you know, our friend Rachel Grundy does uh literary pub crawls.

570
00:33:52,880 --> 00:33:57,400
Speaker 1: So seek out the Literary pub Crawl in South Manhattan

571
00:33:57,880 --> 00:34:00,280
Speaker 1: and Rachel and her cohorts will take you aroun onto

572
00:34:00,320 --> 00:34:02,720
Speaker 1: the pubs and you'll drink and learn about the famous

573
00:34:02,760 --> 00:34:06,800
Speaker 1: people who wrote there and drank there. Yes, that's great, Chuck, Sure,

574
00:34:07,360 --> 00:34:10,720
Speaker 1: um so yeah what Chuck said? And you can wrap

575
00:34:10,719 --> 00:34:15,920
Speaker 1: it up in a tweet. Forty characters are less, two

576
00:34:16,200 --> 00:34:19,719
Speaker 1: s y esk podcast. You can join us on Facebook,

577
00:34:19,920 --> 00:34:22,880
Speaker 1: Facebook dot com slash stuff you Should Know, or you

578
00:34:22,920 --> 00:34:26,279
Speaker 1: can send us an email wrap it up spanking on

579
00:34:26,360 --> 00:34:30,880
Speaker 1: the bottom. Send it to Stuff podcast at Discovery dot

580
00:34:30,880 --> 00:34:38,560
Speaker 1: com for more on this and thousands of other topics.

581
00:34:38,800 --> 00:34:48,160
Speaker 1: Is it how Stuff works dot Com brought to you

582
00:34:48,200 --> 00:34:51,560
Speaker 1: by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera. It's ready, are

583
00:34:51,640 --> 00:34:51,799
Speaker 1: you