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Speaker 1: I am honored to announce that the United States will

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Speaker 1: remain a member of the World Health Organization. I've had

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Speaker 1: people who have threatened my life because I'm speaking public

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Speaker 1: health measures. The idea that you can get up here

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Speaker 1: and talk about what you know, what the evidence, what

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Speaker 1: the science is, and know that's it. Let the science speak.

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Speaker 1: It is somewhat of a liberating field.

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Speaker 2: From futuro media. It's Latino USA. I'm Maria nu Posa.

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Speaker 2: Today doctor Anthony Fauci joins Latino USA for a special conversation.

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Speaker 2: He is yet again serving a new administration and continues

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Speaker 2: as the leading voice in the campaign against the coronavirus.

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Speaker 2: It's been over a year since the first case of

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Speaker 2: COVID nineteen was found in the US. Since then, the

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Speaker 2: virus has killed more than four hundred thousand people and

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Speaker 2: infected over twenty five million across the country. Communities of color, blacks,

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Speaker 2: indigenous people, Latinos, and Latinas have been disproportionately affected when

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Speaker 2: it comes to both debts and infections.

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Speaker 3: And there has been so much about this pandemic that,

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Speaker 3: in my opinion, has been an accelerator in that it

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Speaker 3: has highlighted and magnified what was wrong before and made

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Speaker 3: it worse.

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Speaker 4: Forty nine percent of Latino households have seen job losses

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Speaker 4: or pay cuts in this pandemic. Latinos who still have

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Speaker 4: a job face increased exposure to the virus because only

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Speaker 4: sixteen percent can work from home.

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Speaker 3: Right now, in the state of New Mexico, Native Americans

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Speaker 3: account for twenty three percent of COVID cases forty one

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Speaker 3: percent of COVID deats, but they only make up ten.

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Speaker 5: Percent of the state its population.

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Speaker 6: This is inequality that needs to be responded to immediately.

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Speaker 2: Former President Donald Trump created Operation Warp Speed last May

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Speaker 2: with the chief goal of developing and distributing a vaccine,

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Speaker 2: which didn't arrive until December.

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Speaker 7: Today, Operation Warp Speed is brought together all of the

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Speaker 7: experts across the federal government from places like the nihc DC, FDA,

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Speaker 7: and many other agencies. This historic partnership will now bring

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Speaker 7: together the full resources of the.

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Speaker 2: Meanwhile, the deaths and infections kept on climbing. Trump often

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Speaker 2: contradicted his own medical experts and clashed with some of them,

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Speaker 2: and primarily and publicly he clashed with doctor Fauci.

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Speaker 7: People are tired of hearing Fauchi and all these idiots,

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Speaker 7: these people, these people that have gotten it wrong.

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Speaker 4: Fauci.

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Speaker 2: Amidst the chaos and misinformation coming from the White House,

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Speaker 2: many look to doctor Anthony Fauci for truth. But not

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Speaker 2: long into the pandemic, his voice was barred from White

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Speaker 2: House briefings about the crisis, and requests to interview him

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Speaker 2: were rejected by the previous administration.

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Speaker 6: In an interview at the Financial Times, Fauci saying, quote,

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Speaker 6: I have a reputation of speaking the truth at all

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Speaker 6: times and not sugarcoating things, and that may be one

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Speaker 6: of the reasons why I haven't been on television very

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Speaker 6: much lately.

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Speaker 2: As director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious

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Speaker 2: Diseases since the early nineteen eighties, doctor Fauci has served

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Speaker 2: under seven presidents. Today, as President Biden's chief medical advisor

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Speaker 2: on combating COVID nineteen, doctor Anthony Fauci has an open

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Speaker 2: mic to talk to the country directly. Once again, Doctor Fauci,

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Speaker 2: thank you so much for making time to speak with

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Speaker 2: us here on Latino USA.

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Speaker 5: Thank you very much. Good to be with you.

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Speaker 2: I kind of want to reach out and hug you,

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Speaker 2: even though I guess I shouldn't be saying that.

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Speaker 5: I like to hug you. I like to hug somebody.

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Speaker 2: I'd like to hug somebody too, Doctor Fauci, you look

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Speaker 2: so oh my god, you just I have to say,

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Speaker 2: you look more relaxed. Am I describing you correctly?

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Speaker 5: I believe so. Yes.

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Speaker 2: I've been listening to you religiously for years and years

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Speaker 2: and years because I'm a New Yorker and I have

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Speaker 2: to just be honest with you. About an hour and

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Speaker 2: a half ago, I got a phone call from Mexico.

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Speaker 2: My own cousin just died this morning of COVID. I'm

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Speaker 2: sorry to hear that, and it's just like wow, I

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Speaker 2: was like, doctor Fauci has to deal with this now.

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Speaker 2: I mean, you know, I'm devastating. He was my cousin.

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Speaker 2: And I'm like, doctor Fauci has been dealing with this

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Speaker 2: kind of loss, not just through this pandemic, but through

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Speaker 2: the pandemic of AIDS, and so I guess I just personally,

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Speaker 2: you know, I mean, I'm ripped, But how do you

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Speaker 2: personally deal with this kind of loss?

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Speaker 5: It's not easy, it really isn't. But you have to focus.

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Speaker 1: From my standpoint, as a professional, you really have to

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Speaker 1: focus on the enormity of the challenge and the work

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Speaker 1: you have to do, because you don't want to be

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Speaker 1: completely hardened and not let things like that get to you.

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Speaker 1: But on the other hand, given the enormity of the

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Speaker 1: burden of disease and death, that it could overwhelm you,

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Speaker 1: so you have to try to put it aside and

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Speaker 1: focus on what your goal is and what you need

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Speaker 1: to do. With HIV, we had some great successes, but

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Speaker 1: in the early years it was really traumatic because from

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Speaker 1: the time I started on it, which you might recall

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Speaker 1: was in the very early eighties, literally.

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Speaker 5: Nineteen eighty one.

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Speaker 1: I began taking care of AIDS patients before we even

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Speaker 1: had a name for it.

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Speaker 5: And we used to call it GRID.

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Speaker 1: For Gay Related immunit deficiency, which was an inappropriate name.

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Speaker 1: But for many years when we didn't have any therapy,

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Speaker 1: it was devastating. And then when we finally got good therapies,

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Speaker 1: it completely turned things around. But we're seeing the same

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Speaker 1: thing now with COVID nineteen. We're having you know, four

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Speaker 1: hundred and twenty thousand people died, people like your cousin

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Speaker 1: and people's relatives and mothers and fathers.

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Speaker 5: It's devastating. That's the reason why it's so.

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Speaker 1: Important to focus on things like vaccines. And you know,

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Speaker 1: we were very successful in getting a vaccine. Now we

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Speaker 1: got to get it to people in an efficient way.

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Speaker 1: So there's a lot of things going on, a lot

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Speaker 1: of things.

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Speaker 2: How do you feel that your work with HIV and

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Speaker 2: AIDS prepared you? And I have to say it, I

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Speaker 2: was like, oh my god, we have a vaccine for

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Speaker 2: COVID in less than you know. And then I'm just like,

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Speaker 2: oh my god, all of the people had there been

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Speaker 2: this kind of effort for AIDS.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, you know, it's a bit different, I must tell you,

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Speaker 1: not necessarily the track that you're going going down. There

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Speaker 1: was a lot of effort, Maria that was put into

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Speaker 1: developing a vaccine for HIV AIDS. The difficulty is that

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Speaker 1: it is such an unusual infection that the body does

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Speaker 1: not make a very good immune response against it. So therefore,

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Speaker 1: if the body's not going to do it naturally, it

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Speaker 1: makes it that much more difficult to get a vaccine

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Speaker 1: to do it. Whereas with sas sauce CoV two that

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Speaker 1: even though many people get infected and many people died,

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Speaker 1: still the body generally makes a pretty good immune response

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Speaker 1: against it. So when the body can make a good

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Speaker 1: immune response, then it makes it much easier to get

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Speaker 1: a vaccine. So that's the difference there and the reason

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Speaker 1: why there's a big difference where we've been forty years

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Speaker 1: into almost forty years into HIV and we still don't

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Speaker 1: have a vaccine, and we're less than a year or

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Speaker 1: a year into COVID nineteen and you have a really

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Speaker 1: really good vaccine, speaking of which it really is.

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Speaker 5: We've got to make sure that the hesitancy that is

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Speaker 5: understandable among brown and black people of taking a vaccine,

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Speaker 5: particularly among African Americans who've been treated really historically in

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Speaker 5: a shameful way by government sponsored health programs, that we've

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Speaker 5: got to turn that around and make sure that the

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Speaker 5: most vulnerable people ultimately do get vaccinated.

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Speaker 1: Rather than be hesitant or skeptical about it, We've got

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Speaker 1: to talk to them about it. We've got to reach

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Speaker 1: out into the community and make sure that they protect themselves,

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Speaker 1: their family, and their community.

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Speaker 2: So, doctor Fauci, as I was preparing for this interview,

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Speaker 2: I found myself kind of realizing that I don't know

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Speaker 2: a whole lot about your childhood. I don't remember hearing

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Speaker 2: a lot about doctor Fauci as a kid, and so

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Speaker 2: talk to us a little bit about you being this

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Speaker 2: kid with Italian immigrant grandparents parents, you had a pharmacy,

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Speaker 2: it was a family pharmacy, and you were in Brooklyn.

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Speaker 5: Right, Yep, Bensonhurst.

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Speaker 2: Whoa Bensonhurst? Oh my god? Have you been to Bensonhurst recently,

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Speaker 2: doctor Fauci.

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Speaker 5: I was there several months ago. It doesn't look like

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Speaker 5: it looked when I was there, that's for sure.

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Speaker 2: But when you think back to those roots, what is

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Speaker 2: it that you think happened there that was really planting

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Speaker 2: in you the seeds for the human being that you

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Speaker 2: are now that's really leading us through this extraordinary international crisis.

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Speaker 5: You know, there were so many things.

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Speaker 1: I think that if you go back to your childhood

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Speaker 1: in New York City, I think people who are in

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Speaker 1: New York City can appreciate, particularly older people at the

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Speaker 1: time when there were mostly first and second generation immigrants

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Speaker 1: living in particular area. Like I was born on seventy

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Speaker 1: nine Street in New Yorktrek Avenue, then I moved up

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Speaker 1: to thirteenth Avenue in eighty third Street, all that area.

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Speaker 2: I mean, hearing the Brooklyn Meson come out.

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Speaker 1: What you had was the Oba only majority when I

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Speaker 1: was a child. So you know, I'm eighty years old.

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Speaker 1: So I was born at the end in December of

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Speaker 1: nineteen forty, so I was born literally right before World

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Speaker 1: War two started, and that when I was a child,

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Speaker 1: five six, seven, eight years old. I mean virtually everybody,

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Speaker 1: with a few exceptions, was in a neighborhood that was

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Speaker 1: extremely family and community oriented, because these were people who

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Speaker 1: had a common experience. Either your grandfather or your father

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Speaker 1: came from Italy if you lived in that particular area.

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Speaker 1: If you lived in another section of Brooklyn, either your

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Speaker 1: grandfather or your father or mother came.

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Speaker 5: From Puerto Rico.

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Speaker 1: If you lived in the Jewish section, either one of

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Speaker 1: them came from Eastern Europe. But it was always a

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Speaker 1: family like community, taking care of each other, responsibility, feeling

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Speaker 1: privileged that you were in the United States of America,

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Speaker 1: where you felt very patriotic for this that welcomed your

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Speaker 1: grandfather and your grandmother and maybe your father and your mother.

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Speaker 1: So it was a different kind of a spirit of

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Speaker 1: how you looked upon your country and how you looked

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Speaker 1: upon your community.

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Speaker 2: Which leads me, I guess, to the question of your

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Speaker 2: capacity to be a leader throughout multiple different political administrations.

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Speaker 2: Right recently you started going a little bit more public

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Speaker 2: about what it was like to be working and standing

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Speaker 2: next to Donald Trump in these moments, and I'm wondering,

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Speaker 2: how have you processed what you just lived through in

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Speaker 2: having to be somebody who is based on fact and

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Speaker 2: yet having to be next to a president who you

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Speaker 2: knew was not telling the truth and who barely had

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Speaker 2: a plan.

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Speaker 5: Well, it was very difficult.

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Speaker 1: I think people need to realize that there were many

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Speaker 1: good people who were working on the Coronavirus Task Force

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Speaker 1: and who were working in the White House, who really

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Speaker 1: had all the good intentions of doing right thing, but

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Speaker 1: the leadership from the top was more anecdotally based than

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Speaker 1: rigorous science based. So something could get done or get

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Speaker 1: the attention of the leadership based merely on someone who

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Speaker 1: makes a phone call to the President and says, hey.

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Speaker 5: I like this drug. It's really great.

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Speaker 7: Many doctors think it is extremely successful, the hydroxychloroquin coupled

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Speaker 7: with the zinc and perhaps the zythromycin. But many doctors

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Speaker 7: think it's extremely good.

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Speaker 1: Excuse me, but what is the scientific evidence that says

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Speaker 1: it's great? And that was the thing that was very stressful,

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Speaker 1: but you know, you get used to that, and the

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Speaker 1: thing you've got to do is focus on what your

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Speaker 1: goal is. And the goal of myself and my colleagues,

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Speaker 1: many of whom were in the White House actually and

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Speaker 1: do an all due credit to them, was to get

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Speaker 1: the facts out, get a vaccine developed, get some drugs

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Speaker 1: out there, get the public health message.

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Speaker 5: One of the.

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Speaker 1: Things in addition to this anecdotally based environment as opposed

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Speaker 1: to a rigorous, scientifically based environment, was the mixed messages

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Speaker 1: in public health. And it was really unfortunate that, you know,

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Speaker 1: everyone knows now, you know, it's not a secret that

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Speaker 1: we live in a very divisive society, and what should

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Speaker 1: be a purely public health message all of a sudden

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Speaker 1: takes the political overtone. In other words, wearing a mask

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Speaker 1: is a political statement. That's entirely ridiculous that wearing a

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Speaker 1: mask should become a political statement or not. It's a

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Speaker 1: public health measure and everybody's got to be in it

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Speaker 1: together to try to protect yourself, try to protect your family,

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Speaker 1: and try to protect your community. But when you get

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Speaker 1: egregiously mixed messages, then people, you know, they throw up

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Speaker 1: their hands and they say we have no idea what's

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Speaker 1: right and what's wrong or what's real, and then you

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Speaker 1: get into this other craziness of fake news and hoax

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Speaker 1: and all that, it becomes really, really difficult to implement

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Speaker 1: a good public health program.

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Speaker 2: At the height of the pandemic, I was infected with

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Speaker 2: COVID and I remember hearing the sirens on the streets

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Speaker 2: in Harlem throughout my neighborhood in New York City. We

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Speaker 2: live near a couple of hospitals, and then we started

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Speaker 2: hearing about the epicenter of the epicenter that it was

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Speaker 2: in Queens. And then I started thinking about all the

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Speaker 2: people who I know who live in Queens. There's a

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Speaker 2: lot of Latinos. There was a lot of conversation about

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Speaker 2: the Bronx and the South Bronx, and we know that

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Speaker 2: the data shows that it really has been devastating for

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Speaker 2: black and Latino communities. So what are you saying to

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Speaker 2: the Joe Biden administration specifically in terms of taking on

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Speaker 2: that inequality in this pandemic.

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Speaker 1: Well, there is a specific program and person who is

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Speaker 1: is going to be responsible for and looking at addressing

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Speaker 1: this equity issue, and that's doctor Marcella and Nunez Smith.

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Speaker 5: But everyone on the Biden team now is acutely aware

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Speaker 5: of the extraordinary disparities not only in health, but in

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Speaker 5: access to healthcare and being put in a position the

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Speaker 5: way many brown and black people are by the very

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Speaker 5: nature of the jobs they have, which are really essential

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Speaker 5: workers to make the community run. They're out there, they're

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Speaker 5: in physical interaction with people, so they have a more

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Speaker 5: likelihood of getting exposed to and infected with saus Kobe two.

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Speaker 5: The other thing that is equally as important is that

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Speaker 5: when you look at brown and black people in general

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Speaker 5: as a demographic group, they have a higher incidence and

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Speaker 5: prevalence of the comorbidities that once you do get infected,

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Speaker 5: make it more likely that you'll have a serious outcome,

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Speaker 5: possibly resulting in hospitalization, intensive care, and even death. And

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Speaker 5: those are diseases like diabetes, hypertension, obesity, chronic lung disease,

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Speaker 5: kidney disease. And that's something that if anything comes out

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Speaker 5: of this that's good, it will be that we shed

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Speaker 5: a very bright light on this disparities in health, which

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Speaker 5: are related to social determinants of health that have nothing

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Speaker 5: to do with race, that have only to do with

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Speaker 5: the circumstances that you find yourself in because you are

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Speaker 5: a brown or black person in a poorer community that

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Speaker 5: doesn't have access to health care, that doesn't have easy

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Speaker 5: access to a healthy diet. Those are the things that

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Speaker 5: determine years later whether you're going to be diabetic, or

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Speaker 5: whether you're going to be obese or things like that.

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Speaker 1: I mean, that's the thing that we've got to when

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Speaker 1: we get out of this, make sure we commit ourselves

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Speaker 1: to the decades long correction of those social determinants of health.

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Speaker 2: So the governor of Nebraska, Pete Ricketts, was asked at

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Speaker 2: a news conference in January whether or not undocumented workers

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Speaker 2: at meat processing plants would get vaccinated since they're considered

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Speaker 2: frontline workers, and he said.

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Speaker 7: Again, you're supposed to be a legal resident of the

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Speaker 7: country to be able to be working in those plants.

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Speaker 7: So I do not expect that illegal immigrants will be

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Speaker 7: part of the vaccine with that program.

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Speaker 2: So what's your reaction when you hear a state official

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Speaker 2: saying that about what we know?

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Speaker 1: Well, they he's incorrect. I mean, I mean, I don't

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Speaker 1: want to do any pejorative thing to him. He's incorrect.

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Speaker 1: Vaccines are going to be given in this country, regardless

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Speaker 1: of whether you're an undocumented or not.

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Speaker 5: That's it.

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Speaker 2: And finally, so I think the other side of the

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Speaker 2: question about how do we combat misinformation in our communities,

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Speaker 2: I'm like, well, if you combatd misinformation but it was

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Speaker 2: readily available and here's how you do it, that might help.

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Speaker 2: Is that the thing that's kind of keeping you up

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Speaker 2: at night?

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Speaker 5: Yeah, but I mean one of the things that.

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Speaker 1: I mean, a lot of things keep me up at night, Maria,

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Speaker 1: but that's one of them.

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Speaker 5: Though. What it is is to efficiently when you distribute

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Speaker 5: the vaccine, to make that step from distribution into the

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Speaker 5: arms of people, so that what the one thing you

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Speaker 5: don't want is you don't want vaccine lying around and

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Speaker 5: not efficiently getting into people's arms. When on the other

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Speaker 5: side of town or the other side of the country

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Speaker 5: you have people you know who say, well, we got

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Speaker 5: too much vaccine, or others say I can't get vaccine

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Speaker 5: because there are people.

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Speaker 1: Lined up and I don't have enough for them. I mean,

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Speaker 1: those two opposites should not simultaneously be going on.

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Speaker 2: What does doctor Fauci do on a daily basis? And honestly,

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Speaker 2: doctor Fauci, you look so good so you're making eighty

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Speaker 2: look pretty fabulous. I'm so happy to see you smiling.

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Speaker 2: You don't know what joy that brings me. But can

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Speaker 2: you leave us with Okay, see here are a few

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Speaker 2: of doctor Fauci's what I do every day tips.

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Speaker 1: Okay, there's only one thing that I have time to

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Speaker 1: do tip. But in my other normal life I would

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Speaker 1: do other things. But right now, given the constraints in

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Speaker 1: my time, I try to exercise every day. So I

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Speaker 1: used to go out for a run in the parks

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Speaker 1: around the NIH before COVID during the day. I just

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Speaker 1: don't have time to do it now.

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Speaker 5: So every evening, usually when it's well after dark, my

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Speaker 5: wife and I go on a three to four mile

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Speaker 5: power walk in New York City, I mean in Washington,

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Speaker 5: d C. See I slipped, I had a Freudian slip

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Speaker 5: and said new York City.

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Speaker 2: I was like, if you're in New York City, I'm

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Speaker 2: meeting you in Central Park and we're going to go

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Speaker 2: talk some more.

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Speaker 5: Well, when I was in high school, I used to

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Speaker 5: run around the reservoir in Central Park all the time,

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Speaker 5: all the time.

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Speaker 2: Thank you so much, doctor Fauci. I feel like you

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Speaker 2: were a little blessing on my cousin's passing, and I'm

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Speaker 2: just so thankful for all that you've done.

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Speaker 5: Thank you for having me, for a real pleasure to

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Speaker 5: be with you.

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Speaker 2: President Joe Biden recently said he believes that general public

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Speaker 2: could have access to COVID nineteen vaccines by some time

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Speaker 2: this spring, but some people on his team have said

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Speaker 2: that most adults won't be vaccinated until later this year.

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Speaker 2: A newly created federal Health Equity Task Force will seek

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Speaker 2: to ensure that black, Latino and Native American communities have

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Speaker 2: fair access to the vaccines. Since vaccinations began in the

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Speaker 2: US on December fourteenth, close to thirty two million doses

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Speaker 2: have been administered, with an average of one point three

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Speaker 2: five million shots per day in the last week. That's

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Speaker 2: according to Bloomberg's COVID nineteen tracker, but only about sixty

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Speaker 2: four percent of shots delivered to states have been given.

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Speaker 2: This episode was produced by Renaldo Leanos Junior and edited

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Speaker 2: by Andrea Lopez Cruzado. The Latino USA team includes Biel Macias,

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Speaker 2: Hugeta Martinelli, Alis Escarce Gini montalbo Alejandra Salasad, and Julia Rocha,

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Speaker 2: with help from Marta Martinez and ra Uperees. Our engineers

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Speaker 2: are Stephanie Lebou, Julia Caruso, and Lia Shaw, with help

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Speaker 2: from Elisha ba YouTube. Our digital editor is Luis Suna.

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Speaker 2: Our interns ar Samantha Friedman and Carly Rubin. Our theme

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Speaker 2: music was composed by Zee Rubinos. If you like the

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Speaker 2: music you heard on this episode, stop by Latino Usa

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Speaker 2: dot org and check out our weekly Spotify playlist. I'm

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Speaker 2: your host and executive producer MARIEO Posa. Join us again

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Speaker 2: on our next episode, and in the meantime, I'll see

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Speaker 2: you on all of our social media hios Waco, Astela, Proxima, Chaou.

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Speaker 8: Latino USA is made possible in part by the Chance

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Speaker 8: Zuckerberg Initiative, the wind Coat Foundation, and funding for Latino

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Speaker 8: USA is. Coverage of a culture of Health is made

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Speaker 8: possible in part by a grant from the Robert Wood

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Speaker 8: Johnson Foundation.

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Speaker 2: Doctor Fauci, You're the only interviewee who I've ever had

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Speaker 2: that actually has a stopwatch next to him doing the countdown.

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Speaker 2: So I feel a little pressure you.

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Speaker 5: No, no, I didn't mean it that way to be.

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Speaker 2: No, no, no, no, I just heard that there's like

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Speaker 2: a stopwatch and they're doing the countdown and I don't

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Speaker 2: get one minute left, and I was like, but I was,

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Speaker 2: but I was crying for thirty seconds of my conversation.

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Speaker 5: You get a thirty seven cry, a caase, grace period.

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Speaker 2: That one's for my cousin. May he be laughing with us.

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Speaker 2: I'm Maria in Nojosa. Next time on Latino USA, the

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Speaker 2: Legacy of the Hanno star Selena Kintanilla, journalist Maria Garcia

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Speaker 2: takes us on a journey, starting with Abraham Kintania, Nina's father,

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Speaker 2: the one who pushed her to become an artist and

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Speaker 2: an icon. That's next time. I'll let the new USA

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Speaker 8: M