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Speaker 1: We have to believe except work toward the idea that

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Speaker 1: we are going to address climate change in a way

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Speaker 1: big enough to preserve the quality of life for billions

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Speaker 1: of people around the world. If you go into this

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Speaker 1: thinking we're going to get overwhelmed and lose, then we

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Speaker 1: will turn it out.

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Speaker 2: People.

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Speaker 3: Ah fucked.

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Speaker 4: I'm Chris Turney, and this is unfucking the future. The

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Speaker 4: world today is full of some pretty bad news, and

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Speaker 4: it's way too easy to get bogged down by it.

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Speaker 4: But there are some incredible people working on climate solutions,

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Speaker 4: and I want you to join them so that we

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Speaker 4: can fix this crisis together.

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Speaker 3: We fucking the future.

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Speaker 4: Bill Nice standing in the science lab, well, actually it's

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Speaker 4: John Olives studio. Looks like a size lab in front

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Speaker 4: of him. He's got a globe, a fire extinguisher, a

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Speaker 4: bucket of sand, and a blanket.

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Speaker 2: Here.

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Speaker 1: I've got an experiment for you, safety glasses on. By

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Speaker 1: the end of this century, if O missions keep rising,

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Speaker 1: the average temperature on Earth could go up another four

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Speaker 1: to eight degrees.

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Speaker 4: He brings out a flamethrower and lights for globe on fire.

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Speaker 2: What I'm saying is the planet's on fucking fire.

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Speaker 1: There are a lot of things we could do to

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Speaker 1: put it out.

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Speaker 4: Bill points for a bucket of sand and the fire extinguisher.

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Speaker 2: Are any of them free? No, of course not. Not

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Speaker 2: thing's free. You idiots. Grow the fuck up. You're not

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Speaker 2: children anymore. I didn't mind explaining.

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Speaker 1: Photosynthenceus to you when you were twelve, but you're adults

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Speaker 1: now and this is an actual crisis.

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Speaker 2: Got it. Safety glasses off, motherfucker's.

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Speaker 4: I don't know who doesn't know Bill Nye, but indulge

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Speaker 4: me while I brag on Bill a bit. He's an

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Speaker 4: award winning entertainer and educator, engineer at Boeing and currently

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Speaker 4: the CEO of a Planetary Society. Bill's TV shows Bill

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Speaker 4: Nye Saves the Earth and Bill ny The Science Guy

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Speaker 4: have collected over fifty prestigious award nominations, including nineteen Emmy Awards.

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Speaker 4: He's written two best selling books on science. Today, he

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Speaker 4: spends a lot of his time educating a public about

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Speaker 4: the climate crisis and arguing for action. His latest show

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Speaker 4: is called The End Is Nigh Now. Something you may

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Speaker 4: not know is that before there was Bill ny the

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Speaker 4: Science Guy, there was Bill Nye the stand up comedian.

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Speaker 1: Well, I mean I tried, No, I middled. That was

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Speaker 1: as high as do you know what I'm talking about?

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Speaker 1: So comedy clubs typically have three acts in a row,

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Speaker 1: the MC as he or she is called the middle

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Speaker 1: and the headliner. Middling is as far as I got

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Speaker 1: in his day. You know, Jerry signed Field would be

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Speaker 1: the headliner.

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Speaker 4: Ah see, I ever got to MC. So you're way

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Speaker 4: ahead of me, and you and you actually believe it.

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Speaker 4: I'm not the second comedian climate activists I've actually spoken

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Speaker 4: to for great Adam McKay as well. So I'd love

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Speaker 4: to ask you, why do you What do you think

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Speaker 4: makes comedians such great climate activists?

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Speaker 1: Oh, because we're so much smarter than regular people. Now,

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Speaker 1: I think what you're the selecting that you're experiencing. There

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Speaker 1: is people who don't mind talking all the time.

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Speaker 4: And do you think as well, just given the conversation

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Speaker 4: and the seriousness of it, that need for levity as well,

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Speaker 4: to sort of cut from the noise and actually get

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Speaker 4: people to pay attention.

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Speaker 1: Do you think, well, the word you might throw around

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Speaker 1: is absurd. There's a certain features of the world around

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Speaker 1: us which seems silly or absurd or why does this

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Speaker 1: happen kind of thing? Especially where humans are involved. And

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Speaker 1: a lot of my friends are humans. A lot of

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Speaker 1: people I spent time the individuals that talk to me

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Speaker 1: in English generally.

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Speaker 4: Are that's reassuring, that's reassuring something. So far you never know.

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Speaker 4: I mean, there's a scientist never say never, right. I'm

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Speaker 4: always fascinated by how people get to this point in time?

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Speaker 4: How do people reach a point where they actually talk

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Speaker 4: about climate change? And let's be honest, it's a subject

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Speaker 4: and topic that most of us would rather really not

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Speaker 4: talk about. What was the point at which you reached

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Speaker 4: where you actually felt I need to talk about climate change?

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Speaker 1: Oh, nineteen eighty eight, climate scientists named James Hanson Jim

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Speaker 1: Hanson testified in front of the US Congress.

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Speaker 4: There's good old Jim Hanson again. He's been mentioned by

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Speaker 4: almost every guest on this show. His testimony to Congress

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Speaker 4: in nineteen eighty eight was a seminal moment in climate history.

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Speaker 4: He's still a massive presence in climate science today.

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Speaker 5: Altogether, this evidence represents a very strong case, in my opinion,

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Speaker 5: and that the greenhouse effect has been detected and it

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Speaker 5: is changing our climate now.

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Speaker 1: And that really raised awareness or motivated me to talk

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Speaker 1: about it all the time.

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Speaker 2: So I'm so old.

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Speaker 1: I'm so old that I took one class from this famous,

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Speaker 1: famous astronomer named Carl Sagan, and he talked about what

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Speaker 1: he called comparative climatology all the time. This would be

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Speaker 1: comparing the climates of Earth, Venus, and Mars. And all

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Speaker 1: three of these planets have carbon dioxide, which produces the

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Speaker 1: greenhouse effect. But on Venus the greenhouse effect has, as

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Speaker 1: they say, run away.

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Speaker 6: Every planet with an atmosphere has some degree of a

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Speaker 6: greenhouse effect.

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Speaker 4: That's the great Carl Sagan and the greenhouse effect he's

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Speaker 4: talking about is a process where certain gases trapped the

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Speaker 4: heat from the Sun in the fs atmosphere. The greenhouse

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Speaker 4: effect helps warm our planet to a habitable temperature if

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Speaker 4: we didn't have it. For temperature with plummet to about

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Speaker 4: minus fifty degrees. A little bit of greenhouse gas is good,

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Speaker 4: but adding more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere is driving

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Speaker 4: up the temperature, and that's bad. That's a fundamental issue.

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Speaker 6: The most spectacular case by far is the greenhouse effect

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Speaker 6: of Venus. It's the nearest planet planet about the same mass,

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Speaker 6: radius density as the Earth, but it is spectacularly different

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Speaker 6: in several respects, one of which is that the surface

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Speaker 6: temperature is about four hundred and seventy degrees centigrade nine

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Speaker 6: hundred fahrenheit.

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Speaker 4: Doctor Jim Hanson and Carl's sake and our trailblazers. Since

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Speaker 4: Bill took Carl's class, he's gone on to teach millions

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Speaker 4: and millions of kids, teens, and adults about the wonders

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Speaker 4: of science and our Earth, Which is why Bill ninety

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Speaker 4: is a perfect person to answer some of the big

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Speaker 4: questions I get as a climate scientists. But to be honest,

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Speaker 4: I want bills help in answering. Okay, I bought in Amber,

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Speaker 4: one of the brilliant producers in last show, to share

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Speaker 4: some of the most frequently asked questions we get Amber,

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Speaker 4: What have you got for us?

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Speaker 7: Hey, Chris, it's pretty exciting to be on the other

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Speaker 7: side of the mic, I have to say. So. This

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Speaker 7: first one is something we talk a lot about behind

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Speaker 7: the scenes. How do we keep ourselves and other people

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Speaker 7: motivated to keep working on the climate crisis when honestly,

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Speaker 7: the shit is so depressing it feels like it's all

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Speaker 7: gone to hell. How do we keep people hopeful instead

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Speaker 7: of feeling like we should all just run to the hills.

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Speaker 1: The hills probably is not the place to run to,

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Speaker 1: by the way now. But and the thing is, I

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Speaker 1: say the time, you have to be optimistic. I ain't

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Speaker 1: gonna win anything here in the States. It was the

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Speaker 1: I guess it was. Is that the World Cup or

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Speaker 1: semifinals South Africa versus New Zealand and Rugby was.

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Speaker 2: On the telly.

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Speaker 1: I didn't stick around to find out how that game

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Speaker 1: came out. I got distracted by other sporting events here.

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Speaker 1: I'm sure somebody won. Along that line, each of those

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Speaker 1: teams believed strongly that they were going to win. They

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Speaker 1: were optimistic. They did not go into the match thinking

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Speaker 1: that they might lose or that they would lose. Rather,

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Speaker 1: you have to think you're going to win the match,

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Speaker 1: or you're not going to win it for crying a lot.

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Speaker 1: And along that line, we have to make big changes.

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Speaker 1: And don't tell me we can't make big changes. My

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Speaker 1: grandfather was in France in World War One, and by

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Speaker 1: all accounts I wasn't there, But by all accounts he

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Speaker 1: rode a horse. Everybody from his generation knew how to

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Speaker 1: ride a horse well enough. But twenty five years later,

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Speaker 1: when his daughter also known as my mother and her boyfriend,

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Speaker 1: also known as my father.

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Speaker 2: Were in World War Two.

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Speaker 1: Nobody who was serious about it was riding a horse,

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Speaker 1: and so everything changed. In twenty five years, everything changed.

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Speaker 1: So we got to change everything.

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Speaker 2: Let's go.

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Speaker 4: I really like that. So what I'm hearing is we

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Speaker 4: got to keep obviously basick, but we can actually do

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Speaker 4: this and believe it and actually that sense of we

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Speaker 4: know we can do a massive change. We've done it before,

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Speaker 4: so we just but step all.

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Speaker 2: We have to accept that it's a massive change. It's

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Speaker 2: not just screwing around.

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Speaker 4: It's taking that iedgies or anything like that.

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Speaker 1: Hope is not a so both of those teams pad hopes,

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Speaker 1: but they also had plans about how to win the match.

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Speaker 4: The other thing for me is to find easy ways

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Speaker 4: to get activated. It's not enough to say something is

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Speaker 4: an issue. We have to be solutions oriented when we

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Speaker 4: talk about climate change. So I'll just give an example

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Speaker 4: right now in Australia, we've got massive flooding going down

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Speaker 4: the East coast. But there's not enough to talk about

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Speaker 4: these things. Try to connect the conversation to what we

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Speaker 4: can do to solve it. We can't immediately stop the flooding,

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Speaker 4: but we can have a conversation about how to make

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Speaker 4: our homes more visilient to flooding. And those kinds of

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Speaker 4: conversations can make our friends and neighbors feel safe and

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Speaker 4: less worried about the future, and that in turn can

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Speaker 4: make people feel motivated to actually do something rather than

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Speaker 4: wallowing in the worry. All right, Amber, what else ficult fuss?

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Speaker 7: Okay, this wants to settle an argument in my household?

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Speaker 7: Am I supposed to recycle?

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Speaker 5: I've been told.

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Speaker 7: By a lot of people that I should just not

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Speaker 7: recycle at all because so much of it doesn't actually

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Speaker 7: get recycled, which is super disappointing as someone who thoroughly

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Speaker 7: washes out all my cans, all my bottles, everything so

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Speaker 7: that it can be recycled.

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Speaker 4: So is it true?

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Speaker 2: No, No, recycling is not a bad idea, not another tool,

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Speaker 2: but it's not going to solve everybody's problem.

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Speaker 1: It's just there's two things you don't want, or three

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Speaker 1: maybe you don't want to waste those resources. I mean,

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Speaker 1: it's so much less energy to make aluminum out from

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Speaker 1: aluminum cans than it does from box site from the

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Speaker 1: stuff you mind I mean, it's what is it ninety

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Speaker 1: percent less energy? Maybe ninety five percent, So let's not

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Speaker 1: be throwing aluminum cans away. And then the other thing,

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Speaker 1: you don't want this material to end up in the ocean.

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Speaker 1: It's a huge problem with plastics it and so there's

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Speaker 1: a few things about the plastic in the ocean that

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Speaker 1: are troubling. First of all, there if you're a sea

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Speaker 1: turtle or somebody eating plastic is not nutritious, then there

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Speaker 1: is struggling things where the plastic kills you as an

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Speaker 1: ocean creature. But the other thing that's not known is

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Speaker 1: all these tiny pieces of people nowadays are called microplastics.

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Speaker 1: Nobody exactly knows what's gonna what effect that's going to

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Speaker 1: have on living things in the ocean. But you got

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Speaker 1: to think it's bad. It's intuitibly it's gotta be bad.

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Speaker 1: So don't throw stuff away. Let's recycle this remarkable material. Yes,

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Speaker 1: but while you're doing all that, you're not cutting greenhouse emissions.

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Speaker 1: I mean, or rather a tiny amount they're cutting greenhouse emissions.

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Speaker 1: The problem is much much bigger than that. It's all

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Speaker 1: the stuff we're in the air.

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Speaker 4: Yeah, yeah, I mean, that's ultimately what it is is,

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Speaker 4: I mean one of the things that people can do

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Speaker 4: day to day lives, basically to try and actually cut

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Speaker 4: their emissions.

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Speaker 1: Well, I want people to talk about climate change, so

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Speaker 1: we do some vot and then.

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Speaker 2: Vote yeah, oh yes.

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Speaker 1: Combining your errands in the States, the biggest investment you

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Speaker 1: can make to reduce or to address climate changes whatever

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Speaker 1: car you drive, whatever vehicle you choose.

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Speaker 4: To drive, which brings us to our holy fuck segment.

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Speaker 4: Every year, Americans drive trillions and millions of miles. That's

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Speaker 4: trillions with a T. In the nineteen eighties, Americans drove

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Speaker 4: a modest one hundred and thirty five billion miles on

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Speaker 4: the interstate. That's just the interstate. But in twenty seventeen

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Speaker 4: they drove two one hundred and fifty billion miles the interstate.

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Speaker 4: I mean, that's a fucking enormous number. And we're not

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Speaker 4: asking you to ditch your car completely, but driving less

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Speaker 4: can make a huge difference. By some estimates, if the

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Speaker 4: average American drove just thirty miles less per week, that's

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Speaker 4: ten percent, it would reduce for US's carbon footprint by

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Speaker 4: about one hundred and ten million metric tons of carbon dioxide.

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Speaker 4: That's like removing twenty eight coal power plants.

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Speaker 1: This is in the US where we have everybody has

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Speaker 1: bar and roads or everywhere.

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Speaker 2: So pick an efficient car.

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Speaker 1: And the reason everybody talks about electric vehicles electric cars

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Speaker 1: is because they are inherently more efficient. Well, if the

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Speaker 1: electricity comes from a dirty coal fired power plant, you

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Speaker 1: got I know, yes, you're right, But the car doesn't

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Speaker 1: know in the anwer from morphic sense where the electricity

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Speaker 1: comes from. So as we make our electrical generation systems

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Speaker 1: renewable from renewable electricity, or if you all want, if

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Speaker 1: you all want efficient nuclear power plants, the car doesn't

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Speaker 1: know it. The car is still more efficient. And even

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Speaker 1: driving around an electric car with electricity made in a

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Speaker 1: coal fired power plant, you still come out ahead in

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Speaker 1: greenhouse gases because of the efficiency of the car, and

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Speaker 1: you're not spreading the pollution all over the place. You

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Speaker 1: can potentially control the pollution at the generation source, you know,

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Speaker 1: a filter, a bag house they call it.

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Speaker 4: Okay. I love Bill's point here, and I think we

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Speaker 4: should all focus on it. You often hear the argument

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Speaker 4: for the electric cars, it's just shifting which detty carpetsles

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Speaker 4: are power comes from. So what's the point. But Bill's

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Speaker 4: absolutely right because the efficiencies are so much higher on

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Speaker 4: the electric and fossil fuel, everything else being equal, it's

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Speaker 4: still saving on cop in the missions.

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Speaker 3: We're fucking the future. We're fucking the future.

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Speaker 4: This is really fun. I feel like I'm letting some

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Speaker 4: good talking points too. What's next?

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Speaker 7: Amba, Yeah, I mean, I'm having a great time, So

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Speaker 7: bear with me on this one. And I'm just sort

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Speaker 7: of playing Devil's advocate here. One thing I sometimes hear

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Speaker 7: from people, especially here in Florida, is that the science

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Speaker 7: is always changing, that it's not settled, and that we

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Speaker 7: really don't know for sure that climate change is human cause.

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Speaker 7: So how am I supposed to respond to that kind

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Speaker 7: of comment?

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Speaker 1: Well, it's settled, amazing. I remember being four years old.

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Speaker 1: But one kid says, is so. The other kid says,

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Speaker 1: is not? Is not as too?

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Speaker 2: Is not? As to you.

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Speaker 1: Climate deny or sorry, science is so settled, it's settled

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Speaker 1: on top is settled.

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Speaker 2: Certainly, ninety seven.

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Speaker 1: Percent of the world scientists agree, if not one hundred

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Speaker 1: percent with or how about ninety nine point nine with

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Speaker 1: a less than point one percent trace percentage of scientists

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Speaker 1: who are not on board it's just weird. I mean,

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Speaker 1: in science, you seldom get ninety percent agreement on anything.

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Speaker 2: I know, right, gravitational constant.

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Speaker 1: People don't even probably don't come out with that many

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Speaker 1: significant digits come on you guys. So and it's all,

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Speaker 1: as I say, all this doubt has been introduced by

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Speaker 1: conservative media. And a question I have for conservative me is.

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Speaker 2: Why are you doing this? Why are you ignoring the facts?

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Speaker 2: What is it?

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Speaker 1: And just seeing well they're doing it for the money.

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Speaker 1: What money we're all going to if you keep this up.

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Speaker 1: So what I say to Fox News and all the

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Speaker 1: news Maxis and all these other guys is just cut

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Speaker 1: it out, just stop it.

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Speaker 4: I've seen you talk, we've climate denis as well. Have

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Speaker 4: you ever managed to well, let's call them climate contrarians.

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Speaker 4: You have you ever mentioned actually ten any of them

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Speaker 4: mound the tool have any of a comeback to you

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Speaker 4: and said, oh, I've reflected the way he said, Bill.

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Speaker 1: It takes you know, I tell everybody, somebody's not going

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Speaker 1: to change his mind her mind.

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Speaker 2: Just hearing it once.

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Speaker 1: But it is time I think to get back to

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Speaker 1: we in the States, we have several, of course nutty

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Speaker 1: climate deniers, but I bet each of these two guys

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Speaker 1: ten thousand dollars that the decade twenty ten twenty twenty

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Speaker 1: would be the hottest on record, and they wouldn't take

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Speaker 1: the bet.

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Speaker 2: And it was wow, and so they wouldn't. They won't

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Speaker 2: take the bet. They know better now.

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Speaker 1: I think that's the troubling thing. They're just hoping it's

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Speaker 1: not true. But hope's not a plan, people.

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Speaker 4: No, it is not a plan. I mean, that was

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Speaker 4: the warmest decade on record. Each year is getting harder

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Speaker 4: and harder.

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Speaker 2: Now.

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Speaker 4: You often hear this, You hear this fantastic conspiracy fod

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Speaker 4: scientists are in.

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Speaker 2: Scientists or in the conspiracy? Have you hung out with

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Speaker 2: these guys?

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Speaker 4: You can't agree with anything.

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Speaker 1: Honestly, I agree on anything, and I would hope one

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Speaker 1: of them was rich.

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Speaker 4: If I knew, if I had for proof actually this

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Speaker 4: was not real, I would be singing it from the

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Speaker 4: actual top of the buildings. I would be out there screaming.

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Speaker 4: I'd be getting loads of money, maybe a Nobel, maybe

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Speaker 4: even a Netflix show bill. You never know, right, you

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Speaker 4: never know, but you would be so famous for proving

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Speaker 4: it wrong. And I'd love it to be proved wrong. Honestly,

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Speaker 4: you'd get a Nobel Prize if you proved it it happened. No,

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Speaker 4: it's just sadly it's not.

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Speaker 1: I think there are fewer of them than the battle bit. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's right, there's still too many.

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Speaker 4: And look, you can't change someone's mind overnight. But that

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Speaker 4: first thing that Bill said is so important. Over ninety

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Speaker 4: nine percent of scientists agree that the climate crisis is

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Speaker 4: human caused, but only twenty five percent of Americans believe

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Speaker 4: that there's a scientific consensus on climate change. The bottom

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Speaker 4: line is, the carbon pollution from fossil fuels that we're

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Speaker 4: putting into the atmosphere is causing the planet to overheat dangerously.

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Speaker 4: That science is ironclad.

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Speaker 7: Yeah, I feel like it's so important to lay it

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Speaker 7: out there like that. Now, this next question is about

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Speaker 7: how close we are from all of humanity falling apart.

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Speaker 7: I saw a headline that said we only have ten

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Speaker 7: to fifteen years to really stop global warming. But something

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Speaker 7: I hear from my friends is that it feels like

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Speaker 7: we've been seeing these headlines for years. So first, please

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Speaker 7: tell me we have more time, And also, why does

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Speaker 7: it like we've been hearing these headlines for so long?

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Speaker 1: The latest study that I'm familiar with is Michael Mann.

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Speaker 1: You know Michaelman the hockey Stick graph, The lead author. Well,

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Speaker 1: his latest book is This Fragile Moment, and he, based

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Speaker 1: on his latest modeling, points out there's almost certainly not

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Speaker 1: going to be a tipping point.

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Speaker 4: Just to pause for a second, the hockey stick curve

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Speaker 4: is a really important piece of climate change science. Basically,

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Speaker 4: the idea is that there was a warm pier during

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Speaker 4: the medieval age, and then the Earth cooled down a little,

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Speaker 4: and now, thanks to all the carbon we're pumping into

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Speaker 4: the atmosphere, we're on the up and up and up.

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Speaker 4: It looks like a hockey stick. The thinking is there's

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Speaker 4: not necessarily a tipping point, but rather the idea is

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Speaker 4: that the Earth will just get hotter and hotter until

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Speaker 4: it's totally out of control. Well Bill says it better. Instead,

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Speaker 4: it's just.

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Speaker 1: Going to get hotter and hotter and miserable or and

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Speaker 1: miserable for everybody, or and so it's not like there's

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Speaker 1: this moment where it clicks. You can make arguments about

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Speaker 1: one and a half degrees celsius that indeed could be

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Speaker 1: six years, but it's just if you go beyond, when

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Speaker 1: we go beyond one and a half, It'll just lower

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Speaker 1: the quality of life for more and more people. It's

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Speaker 1: not like there's a light switch and everybody dies. It's

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Speaker 1: just going to get worse and worse. Which is let's

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Speaker 1: get to work people, doesn't mean let's relax. It means

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Speaker 1: let's get to work. In a sense, the situation is

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Speaker 1: more desperate than ever. In another sense, we have all

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Speaker 1: the time we'd ever need. It just depends how bad

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Speaker 1: you want things to get for how many people.

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Speaker 4: To me, this kind of mentality is one of the

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Speaker 4: biggest obstacles standing in that way this whole We've got

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Speaker 4: five years to turn things around. It's honestly, really unhelpful

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Speaker 4: for everyone. There's a risk of making people feel like

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Speaker 4: we don't have to act now, and if we miss

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Speaker 4: that target, is it really all over? It also makes

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Speaker 4: people feel like five years from now there'll be some

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Speaker 4: gigantic tipping point, but as Bill mentioned, it might not

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Speaker 4: play out that way, and when it doesn't, it could

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Speaker 4: erode trust in professionals and experts. All right, next one, Amber.

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Speaker 7: Okay, we couldn't do this episode without bringing up the

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Speaker 7: cowburps and the cow farts. Are cowburps really that bad.

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Speaker 7: What are the greenhouse gases we need to be worried about?

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Speaker 7: Is it just carbon dioxide? And how about is methane?

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Speaker 7: Can you just kind of walk me through all of

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Speaker 7: the greenhouse gases.

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Speaker 1: Methane is a much much stronger greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide.

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Speaker 1: The reason everybody talks about carbonoxide is it's so there's

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Speaker 1: so much of it that overall it is still the

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Speaker 1: most significant one. But and rather, both carbon dioxide and

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Speaker 1: methane methane are carbon. The carbon with two oxygen's carbon

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Speaker 1: with four hydrogen. They're both carbon. That's why people talk

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Speaker 1: about carbon capture, carbonness, carbon net, carbon reduction is because

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Speaker 1: both of those greenhouse gases have carbon at the middle

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Speaker 1: of the molecule.

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Speaker 4: And I think people realize that methane is eighty times

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Speaker 4: more heat absorbing a carbon dioxide. So for you know,

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Speaker 4: at least for twenty years or so, it's a and

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Speaker 4: it breaks down and then its.

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Speaker 1: Carbon dioxide with ultrabiolet light from the sun. But it's

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Speaker 1: just these got you, guys. These are huge problems.

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Speaker 4: Okay, if that sounds a little complicated to you, I'm

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Speaker 4: going to break down bills breakdown of this issue.

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Speaker 2: What the fuck are you talking about?

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Speaker 4: Molecule for molecule methane is so much worse for them

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Speaker 4: farm than carbon. Dark side oil gas and coal mining

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Speaker 4: all produce as shitloads of me fane gas and a

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Speaker 4: lot of it comes from leaks. But as we know,

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Speaker 4: those farting belch and cows are also at fault. Farming

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Speaker 4: is thought to be one of the largest sources of

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Speaker 4: me fane gas getting into the atmosphere. The good news

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Speaker 4: is we can get me fane levels down and fast

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Speaker 4: if we stop using fossil fuels, we can turn off

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Speaker 4: a massive tap of mefane. What the fucking talking about?

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Speaker 7: Okay, Bill and Chris, let's talk about the new technologies.

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Speaker 7: This is everything from the vitamins food composter I keep

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Speaker 7: seeing on my Instagram ads to the giant machines that

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Speaker 7: are supposed to suck CO two out of the air.

440
00:25:47,160 --> 00:25:48,800
Speaker 7: Are the machines going to save us?

441
00:25:49,640 --> 00:25:49,880
Speaker 2: Well?

442
00:25:49,920 --> 00:25:54,600
Speaker 1: This would be the idea that we would manage the

443
00:25:54,680 --> 00:26:00,880
Speaker 1: climate of the planet. Top down technocrats would think deep

444
00:26:01,000 --> 00:26:07,720
Speaker 1: thoughts and change the atmosphere, change something radically in the

445
00:26:07,760 --> 00:26:11,280
Speaker 1: top down fashion. And the famous thing that people talk

446
00:26:11,320 --> 00:26:15,560
Speaker 1: about is putting a compound of sulfur very very high

447
00:26:15,640 --> 00:26:20,719
Speaker 1: in the atmosphere, stratosphere sulfur which would reflect which is yellow,

448
00:26:21,359 --> 00:26:26,600
Speaker 1: which would reflect sunlight back into space. And this nominally

449
00:26:26,600 --> 00:26:31,240
Speaker 1: would work, they say. And furthermore, it would produce diffuse

450
00:26:31,600 --> 00:26:39,280
Speaker 1: light like a cloudy day, and farm plants, agricultural crops

451
00:26:39,359 --> 00:26:46,320
Speaker 1: respond better to diffuse light than direct light. Really, okay, anyway,

452
00:26:46,320 --> 00:26:49,000
Speaker 1: who's going to be in charge of that? Who's going

453
00:26:49,040 --> 00:26:54,000
Speaker 1: to put these airplanes in the stratosphere spewing sulfur compounds.

454
00:26:54,280 --> 00:26:55,399
Speaker 2: Who's going to control that?

455
00:26:55,640 --> 00:26:58,960
Speaker 1: We're going to put it up over the UK, over

456
00:26:59,440 --> 00:27:00,480
Speaker 1: Africa and it's going.

457
00:27:00,480 --> 00:27:03,080
Speaker 2: To blend and blow around the world. WHOA Everybody's going

458
00:27:03,160 --> 00:27:05,560
Speaker 2: to be affected? Is that good or bad?

459
00:27:06,080 --> 00:27:11,320
Speaker 1: But with that in mind, I encourage everybody, voters of

460
00:27:11,320 --> 00:27:18,520
Speaker 1: all ages, to think of things of the world, a

461
00:27:18,600 --> 00:27:23,200
Speaker 1: humankind's relationship to Earth differently than we have thought about

462
00:27:23,240 --> 00:27:29,200
Speaker 1: it for centuries. And that is we are in charge. Now,

463
00:27:30,400 --> 00:27:33,080
Speaker 1: this was not a job that we went applying for.

464
00:27:33,960 --> 00:27:37,760
Speaker 1: But humans, the human race is so big, there's so

465
00:27:37,840 --> 00:27:42,760
Speaker 1: many of us breathing and burning this atmosphere so aggressively

466
00:27:43,720 --> 00:27:46,480
Speaker 1: that we are changing the climate of an entire planet.

467
00:27:47,640 --> 00:27:49,840
Speaker 1: Nobody you can argue We didn't mean to do that,

468
00:27:49,920 --> 00:27:51,920
Speaker 1: but we're doing it, so.

469
00:27:53,800 --> 00:27:54,439
Speaker 2: We have to.

470
00:27:54,680 --> 00:27:58,480
Speaker 1: So when it comes to geo engineering, it is nominally

471
00:27:58,600 --> 00:28:02,640
Speaker 1: a nutty idea to think that you could spew enough

472
00:28:02,680 --> 00:28:05,520
Speaker 1: stuff in the atmosphere to control the climate of a planet.

473
00:28:05,560 --> 00:28:08,800
Speaker 1: And if you reflect all the sunlight back into space,

474
00:28:08,840 --> 00:28:12,040
Speaker 1: wouldn't that screw things up? Wouldn't that be a bad

475
00:28:12,200 --> 00:28:16,000
Speaker 1: just inherent there's less heat, less sunlight. Just intuitively, it

476
00:28:16,000 --> 00:28:20,359
Speaker 1: seems like a bad idea, but it may get people argue,

477
00:28:20,400 --> 00:28:22,359
Speaker 1: it may get to a situation that's all we got

478
00:28:22,840 --> 00:28:23,560
Speaker 1: that aside.

479
00:28:24,440 --> 00:28:25,680
Speaker 2: Do not count on it.

480
00:28:26,119 --> 00:28:28,639
Speaker 1: Now, Look at all that we have done to the

481
00:28:28,640 --> 00:28:30,000
Speaker 1: climate by accident.

482
00:28:30,160 --> 00:28:34,679
Speaker 2: And then who you're going to put in charge Vladimir.

483
00:28:34,160 --> 00:28:38,200
Speaker 1: Putin, Like, who's going to be in charge of doing

484
00:28:38,320 --> 00:28:39,880
Speaker 1: sulfur into the atmosphere?

485
00:28:40,560 --> 00:28:43,840
Speaker 2: Anyway, you guys, geoengineering is not going to solve a problem.

486
00:28:44,360 --> 00:28:50,120
Speaker 1: On the other hand, this idea that nature is separate

487
00:28:50,200 --> 00:28:52,560
Speaker 1: from us is that's an old idea.

488
00:28:52,640 --> 00:28:53,320
Speaker 2: We can't do it.

489
00:28:53,720 --> 00:28:56,440
Speaker 1: When we go camping in the wilderness, we're going just

490
00:28:56,480 --> 00:28:59,320
Speaker 1: to a different part of the planet that we control.

491
00:29:00,200 --> 00:29:03,240
Speaker 4: I totally agree with Bill that these big pie in

492
00:29:03,280 --> 00:29:07,320
Speaker 4: the sky geoengineering ideas are kind of scary and likely

493
00:29:07,480 --> 00:29:11,520
Speaker 4: to introduce all sorts of problems we can't predict, not

494
00:29:11,640 --> 00:29:15,520
Speaker 4: to mention, they raise a lot of forny political questions.

495
00:29:16,160 --> 00:29:18,280
Speaker 4: That said, I do want to touch on what Amber

496
00:29:18,360 --> 00:29:21,480
Speaker 4: said about the giant machines that suck carbon dioxide out

497
00:29:21,480 --> 00:29:25,719
Speaker 4: of the atmosphere. These machines, along with other natural methods

498
00:29:25,720 --> 00:29:30,480
Speaker 4: of capturing carbon, like in coastal restoration projects, might actually

499
00:29:30,600 --> 00:29:34,000
Speaker 4: save us at this point. We need to slash our

500
00:29:34,000 --> 00:29:37,840
Speaker 4: emissions while also removing a carbon we've already pumped into

501
00:29:37,840 --> 00:29:41,280
Speaker 4: the atmosphere, and there are a lot of cool innovators

502
00:29:41,320 --> 00:29:44,680
Speaker 4: working on projects that do just this. That's what we

503
00:29:44,760 --> 00:29:46,600
Speaker 4: mean when we say carbon capture.

504
00:29:47,680 --> 00:29:56,920
Speaker 3: We're fucking the future. We're a fucking the future.

505
00:29:59,160 --> 00:30:03,720
Speaker 4: Bill sees this has all hands on deck situation. He

506
00:30:03,800 --> 00:30:06,440
Speaker 4: says we need to prioritize free things.

507
00:30:06,960 --> 00:30:13,640
Speaker 1: Three big ideas clean water, renewably produce electricity, and access

508
00:30:13,680 --> 00:30:15,640
Speaker 1: to the internet for everybody in the world.

509
00:30:15,720 --> 00:30:16,200
Speaker 2: When you have.

510
00:30:16,120 --> 00:30:18,440
Speaker 1: Access to the internet, you can have education. When you

511
00:30:18,480 --> 00:30:20,960
Speaker 1: have education, you can raise the standard of living of

512
00:30:21,000 --> 00:30:22,880
Speaker 1: women and girls. When we raise the stand of living

513
00:30:22,880 --> 00:30:27,480
Speaker 1: of women and girls, everybody is better off easy to say,

514
00:30:27,520 --> 00:30:27,960
Speaker 1: hard to do.

515
00:30:28,760 --> 00:30:31,200
Speaker 4: You might wonder what the hell has to do with

516
00:30:31,280 --> 00:30:35,160
Speaker 4: the climate crisis, but it actually has everything to do

517
00:30:35,200 --> 00:30:39,080
Speaker 4: with it. We talked about this in the Sabrina Elber episode,

518
00:30:39,440 --> 00:30:42,959
Speaker 4: but for gist of it is, prioritizing women and girls

519
00:30:43,160 --> 00:30:46,600
Speaker 4: has an outsize impact on our world and for the better.

520
00:30:47,400 --> 00:30:51,840
Speaker 2: I would invest in electricity transmission. Someone got to do.

521
00:30:52,640 --> 00:30:54,680
Speaker 1: When I say invest, I'm not just talking about the

522
00:30:54,720 --> 00:30:58,400
Speaker 1: engineering and the towers and the lines and stuff, but

523
00:30:58,560 --> 00:31:01,280
Speaker 1: the legal right of ways and the deals made and

524
00:31:01,320 --> 00:31:04,239
Speaker 1: the financing has all got to be figured out. And

525
00:31:04,280 --> 00:31:08,800
Speaker 1: then I am very interested. Yes, let's continue to have

526
00:31:09,000 --> 00:31:16,120
Speaker 1: some people messing around with making nuclear fission less scary

527
00:31:16,680 --> 00:31:18,840
Speaker 1: where the public will accept it in a way they

528
00:31:18,840 --> 00:31:23,160
Speaker 1: won't accept it right now. But also I want people

529
00:31:23,400 --> 00:31:27,320
Speaker 1: us it to invest. I'm not joking you guys to

530
00:31:27,440 --> 00:31:34,360
Speaker 1: invest in nuclear fusion. There's so many organizations universities working

531
00:31:34,440 --> 00:31:35,440
Speaker 1: on this right now.

532
00:31:35,720 --> 00:31:38,240
Speaker 4: This isn't an episode of Bill n I, the Science Guy.

533
00:31:38,360 --> 00:31:40,120
Speaker 4: But you watched it in middle school when you had

534
00:31:40,120 --> 00:31:42,760
Speaker 4: a substitute teacher in for the day, So we're not

535
00:31:42,760 --> 00:31:45,480
Speaker 4: going to get too vol into a nucleifusion. But what

536
00:31:45,560 --> 00:31:48,840
Speaker 4: you should know about nucleiffusion is that if we can

537
00:31:49,000 --> 00:31:54,000
Speaker 4: do it, we would create unlimited energy without fossil fuels.

538
00:31:54,480 --> 00:31:57,480
Speaker 1: I think the next less than twenty years somebody's going

539
00:31:57,520 --> 00:32:02,440
Speaker 1: to figure this out, because we can now control magnetic

540
00:32:02,480 --> 00:32:06,840
Speaker 1: fields with much faster computers than we ever had in

541
00:32:07,040 --> 00:32:12,280
Speaker 1: previous decades. And controlling a magnetic field would enable, hypothetically,

542
00:32:12,480 --> 00:32:15,640
Speaker 1: theoretically enable you to control the.

543
00:32:17,120 --> 00:32:20,160
Speaker 2: Plasma. This is a gas where all.

544
00:32:20,000 --> 00:32:22,680
Speaker 1: The electrons are off on their own, they're not associated

545
00:32:22,680 --> 00:32:25,880
Speaker 1: with any atoms. So anyway that's in the background. But

546
00:32:26,200 --> 00:32:28,800
Speaker 1: clean water, noble electra and so let's get swind and

547
00:32:28,840 --> 00:32:38,080
Speaker 1: solar electrical storage, less efficient, heavier, cheaper batteries in the

548
00:32:38,120 --> 00:32:43,120
Speaker 1: basements of big buildings that don't rely on lithium and.

549
00:32:44,600 --> 00:32:45,200
Speaker 2: Get or done.

550
00:32:45,240 --> 00:32:49,040
Speaker 1: Then also world peace would be good because all the

551
00:32:49,080 --> 00:32:52,880
Speaker 1: wars that are going on, you're just inefficient people just

552
00:32:52,920 --> 00:32:55,800
Speaker 1: through in the States, just around the expression supply chains,

553
00:32:55,920 --> 00:33:01,360
Speaker 1: your supply chain, and you disrupt everything and you it

554
00:33:01,400 --> 00:33:03,800
Speaker 1: has knock on effects worldwide.

555
00:33:04,600 --> 00:33:07,560
Speaker 2: And so this is all stuff we got to get done.

556
00:33:07,640 --> 00:33:10,680
Speaker 1: Let's go, let's get her done.

557
00:33:11,680 --> 00:33:13,880
Speaker 4: And so that leads to very much to the last

558
00:33:13,880 --> 00:33:17,600
Speaker 4: bit about what can people do meaningfully to make action themselves.

559
00:33:17,920 --> 00:33:22,880
Speaker 1: Become politically active in your community and advocate for climate change.

560
00:33:23,440 --> 00:33:26,280
Speaker 1: Vote for people who are going to address climate change.

561
00:33:26,880 --> 00:33:31,560
Speaker 1: And here in the US, if you're a third party candidate,

562
00:33:31,760 --> 00:33:32,560
Speaker 1: don't do it.

563
00:33:35,280 --> 00:33:35,520
Speaker 6: You know.

564
00:33:36,520 --> 00:33:39,600
Speaker 1: I used to say the most important election in my

565
00:33:39,880 --> 00:33:44,440
Speaker 1: lifetime was the year two thousand when in the US

566
00:33:44,560 --> 00:33:48,440
Speaker 1: George Bush became president, even though al Gore had more.

567
00:33:48,320 --> 00:33:49,640
Speaker 2: Votes popular votes.

568
00:33:50,160 --> 00:33:53,560
Speaker 1: This is an old system, very well intending founding fathers

569
00:33:53,600 --> 00:33:59,720
Speaker 1: that things out. It's outlived its usefulness, the system. Anyway,

570
00:34:00,000 --> 00:34:02,600
Speaker 1: It's important election ever in history is twenty twenty four.

571
00:34:03,160 --> 00:34:03,479
Speaker 2: That's it.

572
00:34:03,640 --> 00:34:06,360
Speaker 1: Whether or not you live in the US. Yes, this

573
00:34:06,440 --> 00:34:08,839
Speaker 1: is the most important election. You can hate the US

574
00:34:09,000 --> 00:34:12,040
Speaker 1: whatever it is, but the US is so influential globally,

575
00:34:12,080 --> 00:34:17,480
Speaker 1: It's most influential culture. And so this is it, people,

576
00:34:18,719 --> 00:34:19,640
Speaker 1: twenty twenty four?

577
00:34:19,760 --> 00:34:22,680
Speaker 2: Is it? Do you want to talk about turning points?

578
00:34:22,719 --> 00:34:24,480
Speaker 2: This is the point of turning.

579
00:34:24,719 --> 00:34:27,640
Speaker 4: Bill Nye, the science guy, the man is a legend

580
00:34:27,680 --> 00:34:30,799
Speaker 4: for a reason. I mean, he told so many of

581
00:34:30,880 --> 00:34:34,160
Speaker 4: us about science, but he's now teaching us about how

582
00:34:34,200 --> 00:34:37,640
Speaker 4: to teach others about the science of climate change. I

583
00:34:37,680 --> 00:34:40,440
Speaker 4: wanted to bring back Maggie Beds discuss how we can

584
00:34:40,480 --> 00:34:43,360
Speaker 4: take action on Bill Nye's three Big Ideas?

585
00:34:44,960 --> 00:34:47,319
Speaker 3: What fuck can I do?

586
00:34:48,880 --> 00:34:52,120
Speaker 4: Hey, Maggie, Hey Chris Well, I don't.

587
00:34:51,880 --> 00:34:54,880
Speaker 5: Know if I could follow Bill, but I will do

588
00:34:54,960 --> 00:34:55,400
Speaker 5: my best.

589
00:34:55,520 --> 00:35:00,000
Speaker 4: I'm surely he'll be pretty What of your golfers is wee? Maggie, Chris?

590
00:35:00,120 --> 00:35:04,239
Speaker 5: I was thinking about how Bill so effectively breaks down

591
00:35:04,360 --> 00:35:09,120
Speaker 5: complicated ideas into something easy and fun. So in that spirit,

592
00:35:09,320 --> 00:35:13,920
Speaker 5: our action this week is to lead with joy. Yes,

593
00:35:14,040 --> 00:35:18,080
Speaker 5: the climate crisis is extremely serious, and so bringing in

594
00:35:18,160 --> 00:35:21,360
Speaker 5: a little humor to the conversation helps us reach people

595
00:35:21,760 --> 00:35:25,920
Speaker 5: and make complicated topics more easily digestible. So if you

596
00:35:25,920 --> 00:35:28,160
Speaker 5: would like to try to bring more humor and more

597
00:35:28,280 --> 00:35:33,080
Speaker 5: effective communication techniques into conversations about climate, there is a

598
00:35:33,160 --> 00:35:36,120
Speaker 5: great article that we will put in the show notes.

599
00:35:36,480 --> 00:35:39,279
Speaker 5: Check it out. But it all leads up to the

600
00:35:39,320 --> 00:35:43,080
Speaker 5: big takeaway here. Instead of focusing on the doom we

601
00:35:43,160 --> 00:35:47,120
Speaker 5: might experience, let's try to envision the better world we

602
00:35:47,200 --> 00:35:50,160
Speaker 5: could have. Let's all try to be.

603
00:35:50,480 --> 00:35:54,920
Speaker 4: More like Bill Gosh. I love that, Maggie, thanks so

604
00:35:55,120 --> 00:35:57,400
Speaker 4: much on the stay. And that's what the fuck you

605
00:35:57,440 --> 00:35:58,360
Speaker 4: can do for this week?

606
00:35:59,080 --> 00:36:01,400
Speaker 7: What fuck? Can I do.

607
00:36:02,960 --> 00:36:11,560
Speaker 4: Oh fuck, that's all for this episode. Next time, on

608
00:36:11,840 --> 00:36:14,879
Speaker 4: Fucking the Future, we talked to Glennis Humphrey, a fire

609
00:36:14,920 --> 00:36:18,280
Speaker 4: a cologist who wants us to use fire to prevent wildfires.

610
00:36:18,600 --> 00:36:21,520
Speaker 8: What we're seeing is different from the past.

611
00:36:21,640 --> 00:36:24,120
Speaker 5: We've seen basically.

612
00:36:23,960 --> 00:36:28,239
Speaker 8: A change in the intensities of fires, the frequencies of

613
00:36:28,320 --> 00:36:31,759
Speaker 8: fire that we haven't actually seen before.

614
00:36:32,360 --> 00:36:35,160
Speaker 5: When you see a change where.

615
00:36:35,000 --> 00:36:38,560
Speaker 8: Fires occurring where it didn't occur before, or it's occurring

616
00:36:39,280 --> 00:36:41,720
Speaker 8: at a much bigger scale than it did occur before,

617
00:36:41,920 --> 00:36:46,160
Speaker 8: I think that's what's alerting us that something is off.

618
00:36:46,440 --> 00:36:49,160
Speaker 8: That's a warning to say things are changing because it's

619
00:36:49,160 --> 00:36:49,840
Speaker 8: different from.

620
00:36:49,680 --> 00:36:54,360
Speaker 4: The past until then. I'm Chris Turney signing off from Sydney, Australia.

621
00:36:55,160 --> 00:36:59,680
Speaker 4: Thanks for joining me and I'm Fucking the Future.

622
00:37:01,080 --> 00:37:02,719
Speaker 3: Fucking the Future.

623
00:37:06,600 --> 00:37:09,400
Speaker 4: I'm Fucking the Future is produced by Imagine Audio and

624
00:37:09,480 --> 00:37:13,480
Speaker 4: Awfully Nice for iHeart Podcasts and hosted by me Chris Turney.

625
00:37:14,400 --> 00:37:17,440
Speaker 4: The show is written by Meredith Brian. I'm Fucking the

626
00:37:17,480 --> 00:37:20,640
Speaker 4: Future is produced by Amber von Shassen and Rene Colvert.

627
00:37:21,040 --> 00:37:25,160
Speaker 4: Ron Howard Brian Grazer, Carral Welker and Nathan Chloke are

628
00:37:25,200 --> 00:37:28,960
Speaker 4: the executive producers from Imagine Audio. Jesse Burton and Katie

629
00:37:28,960 --> 00:37:33,400
Speaker 4: Hodges are the executive producers from Awfully Nice. Sound design

630
00:37:33,520 --> 00:37:37,440
Speaker 4: and mixing by Evan Arnette, original music by Lilly Hayden,

631
00:37:37,560 --> 00:37:41,839
Speaker 4: and producing services by Peter McGuigan. Sam Swinnerton wrote our

632
00:37:41,920 --> 00:37:45,840
Speaker 4: theme and all those fun jingles. If you enjoyed this episode,

633
00:37:45,960 --> 00:37:48,640
Speaker 4: be sure to rate and review Unfucking the Future on

634
00:37:48,760 --> 00:37:51,840
Speaker 4: Apple Podcasts or whether you get your podcasts