1 00:00:03,120 --> 00:00:06,000 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff to Blow your mind from how Stuff 2 00:00:06,000 --> 00:00:14,400 Speaker 1: Works dot com. Hey, wasn't the stuff to blow your 3 00:00:14,440 --> 00:00:16,599 Speaker 1: my My My name is Robert Lamb and I'm Julie Douglas. 4 00:00:16,640 --> 00:00:19,799 Speaker 1: Would do what your preferred method of greeting, Uh, just 5 00:00:19,880 --> 00:00:22,880 Speaker 1: a big bear hug, you know, the twenty second hug, 6 00:00:23,280 --> 00:00:27,360 Speaker 1: counting it down slowly and maxuriously right into the person's ear. 7 00:00:27,840 --> 00:00:31,480 Speaker 1: Let's see, that's that's a very personal mode of of greeting. 8 00:00:31,560 --> 00:00:34,000 Speaker 1: You know. Some people prefer the handshake, which I was 9 00:00:34,080 --> 00:00:36,600 Speaker 1: I was reading just a few minutes ago about how 10 00:00:36,680 --> 00:00:40,279 Speaker 1: there's this theory that the handshake evolves from a day 11 00:00:40,320 --> 00:00:41,640 Speaker 1: when you had to prove that you didn't have a 12 00:00:41,640 --> 00:00:44,600 Speaker 1: weapon in your hand. It seems a little outdated and 13 00:00:44,880 --> 00:00:48,720 Speaker 1: it's wrought with complications anyway, hand pressure, hand, a texture 14 00:00:48,720 --> 00:00:51,960 Speaker 1: of your hand, all that. Um Me, I'm getting more 15 00:00:51,960 --> 00:00:55,240 Speaker 1: and more on this fist bump badwagon. Oh yeah, yeah, 16 00:00:55,280 --> 00:00:57,400 Speaker 1: I know, there's it has this kind of like a 17 00:00:57,440 --> 00:01:01,200 Speaker 1: brow stigma apparently, which I was knowing not I'm aware of, 18 00:01:02,080 --> 00:01:05,000 Speaker 1: but I mean, you have limited contact with the other person, 19 00:01:05,520 --> 00:01:07,759 Speaker 1: which is especially great with like if I'm interacting with 20 00:01:07,959 --> 00:01:11,800 Speaker 1: my sister, who's even more standoffice than I am. It's 21 00:01:11,840 --> 00:01:14,959 Speaker 1: like the only way that we can like physically acknowledge 22 00:01:14,959 --> 00:01:17,280 Speaker 1: each other because like hugs are out, handshakes are out, 23 00:01:17,319 --> 00:01:19,440 Speaker 1: but the fist bump works and that's like only like 24 00:01:19,440 --> 00:01:21,520 Speaker 1: the corner knuckles, right, Like you guys don't even do 25 00:01:21,560 --> 00:01:23,560 Speaker 1: four knuckles. No, no, no, you can just I mean, 26 00:01:23,840 --> 00:01:25,440 Speaker 1: you know what way you can almost kind of have 27 00:01:25,520 --> 00:01:28,040 Speaker 1: like a you know, just a slightest touch and it 28 00:01:28,319 --> 00:01:33,720 Speaker 1: does the job. Grazing, grazing, a grazing, close fisted high five. 29 00:01:33,840 --> 00:01:35,880 Speaker 1: Is it sometimes called? Okay? Well, this may be a 30 00:01:36,000 --> 00:01:40,679 Speaker 1: really good microbial strategy because, as we know from other 31 00:01:40,800 --> 00:01:46,720 Speaker 1: podcasts and according to Stanford microbiologists Stanley Falcow, the world 32 00:01:46,920 --> 00:01:50,440 Speaker 1: is covered in a fine patina of feces. Yes, And 33 00:01:50,480 --> 00:01:51,920 Speaker 1: I think about this every time that I get to 34 00:01:51,960 --> 00:01:55,200 Speaker 1: this particular restaurant and there's a bowl of candy there, 35 00:01:55,640 --> 00:01:57,920 Speaker 1: and my daughter always reaches for it, and I always 36 00:01:57,960 --> 00:01:59,880 Speaker 1: kind of corral her away from it, because I think, no, 37 00:02:00,600 --> 00:02:02,800 Speaker 1: the batilla of pieces is covering at least a couple 38 00:02:02,800 --> 00:02:05,800 Speaker 1: of pieces of those candy, and if she ingests that, 39 00:02:06,040 --> 00:02:10,119 Speaker 1: surely the next day will be seeing diarrhea. Well yeah, 40 00:02:10,160 --> 00:02:12,280 Speaker 1: I mean it's it's I think a certain level of 41 00:02:12,320 --> 00:02:16,639 Speaker 1: fear regarding the bacterial world around us is is sensible. Uh, 42 00:02:16,720 --> 00:02:18,400 Speaker 1: And that's why you know, you get into this area 43 00:02:18,480 --> 00:02:20,720 Speaker 1: of the fist pone, this concern over the fist pond 44 00:02:20,760 --> 00:02:24,040 Speaker 1: being possibly a better means of greeting ban that fully 45 00:02:24,400 --> 00:02:27,560 Speaker 1: bear hug. Yeah, because think about it right now, you're 46 00:02:27,639 --> 00:02:30,639 Speaker 1: marinating in about a hundred truly in microbial cells from 47 00:02:30,639 --> 00:02:33,799 Speaker 1: head to foot and mouth gut on your skin. That 48 00:02:33,919 --> 00:02:37,359 Speaker 1: stuff gets around, and as we had discussed in our 49 00:02:37,440 --> 00:02:40,960 Speaker 1: roller Derby microbiome, when you come into contact with people, 50 00:02:41,040 --> 00:02:45,200 Speaker 1: it's very easy to transfer your microbial colony to another person. 51 00:02:45,280 --> 00:02:48,240 Speaker 1: In fact, we saw that with those roller Derby teams 52 00:02:48,360 --> 00:02:51,360 Speaker 1: that after matches they would swab the skin and find 53 00:02:51,400 --> 00:02:54,240 Speaker 1: that one team's microbiotic which was the same by the way, 54 00:02:54,280 --> 00:02:58,000 Speaker 1: because they shared a similar profile of microbiome, would begin 55 00:02:58,080 --> 00:03:00,680 Speaker 1: to try to colonize the other ones. So you really 56 00:03:00,720 --> 00:03:03,840 Speaker 1: do have to be defensive about the microbes in the world. Yeah, 57 00:03:03,840 --> 00:03:05,799 Speaker 1: they're good microbes out there, they're bad microbes out there, 58 00:03:05,800 --> 00:03:07,760 Speaker 1: But this is the community move you've built, and we're 59 00:03:07,800 --> 00:03:12,240 Speaker 1: understandably a little xenophobic about other people's microbial communities merging 60 00:03:12,240 --> 00:03:14,200 Speaker 1: with our own, because it can lead to all sorts 61 00:03:14,200 --> 00:03:18,160 Speaker 1: of complications. Well, especially when you begin to wonder whether 62 00:03:18,280 --> 00:03:22,280 Speaker 1: or not we're entering into a post antibiotic era. Yes, 63 00:03:22,639 --> 00:03:26,680 Speaker 1: because for the longest you've had your antibiterial soap, like 64 00:03:26,760 --> 00:03:30,240 Speaker 1: you know, big vats of it, big clear just columns 65 00:03:30,240 --> 00:03:33,120 Speaker 1: of it with a giant pump on top. Right, and 66 00:03:32,880 --> 00:03:34,880 Speaker 1: and and I've been guilty of this as well. At 67 00:03:34,920 --> 00:03:38,040 Speaker 1: the slightest excuse, be it dirt or you just you 68 00:03:38,120 --> 00:03:40,360 Speaker 1: just think of something a little dirty, You head over there, 69 00:03:40,520 --> 00:03:43,000 Speaker 1: get like two squirts of the pump and just completely 70 00:03:43,080 --> 00:03:46,760 Speaker 1: lathered down your hands, and you feel better and supposedly 71 00:03:47,040 --> 00:03:49,760 Speaker 1: you're you're cleaner well. And then of course you see 72 00:03:49,760 --> 00:03:52,440 Speaker 1: this in a hospital setting at large, right, because you 73 00:03:52,480 --> 00:03:54,800 Speaker 1: have to make sure that your surfaces are clean, that 74 00:03:54,880 --> 00:03:58,000 Speaker 1: your skin is clean. And by the way, there's a 75 00:03:58,040 --> 00:04:03,480 Speaker 1: lot of microbes in hospitals and they become antibacterial resistant, 76 00:04:03,480 --> 00:04:05,920 Speaker 1: which is where we are today. But let me before 77 00:04:05,960 --> 00:04:09,080 Speaker 1: we jump to that, I just wanted to mentioned that 78 00:04:09,120 --> 00:04:12,360 Speaker 1: Hazel Barton, she's a professor of microbiology and geology at 79 00:04:12,360 --> 00:04:15,920 Speaker 1: the University of Ankron in Ohio. She has a really 80 00:04:15,920 --> 00:04:19,360 Speaker 1: good article on Slate about this, and she talks about antibiotics, 81 00:04:19,400 --> 00:04:23,040 Speaker 1: and she says their chemical keys. They're constructed to mimic 82 00:04:23,120 --> 00:04:27,200 Speaker 1: seingular patterns to block, bind, and even collapse critical structures 83 00:04:27,200 --> 00:04:30,560 Speaker 1: within the microbial cell. They do amazing things. They're really specific. 84 00:04:30,880 --> 00:04:33,240 Speaker 1: They can kill one bacterial cell in a sea of 85 00:04:33,320 --> 00:04:36,280 Speaker 1: human cells, and she calls it a magic bullet. But 86 00:04:36,440 --> 00:04:38,279 Speaker 1: she says that they are much more complex than anti 87 00:04:38,320 --> 00:04:42,320 Speaker 1: cancer or anti viral drugs, and their complex structural nature 88 00:04:42,320 --> 00:04:46,360 Speaker 1: and high specificity make them almost impossible for chemists to 89 00:04:46,400 --> 00:04:49,440 Speaker 1: build from scratch or even synthesize, and that we rely 90 00:04:49,520 --> 00:04:52,919 Speaker 1: on nature to design these molecules for us, and the 91 00:04:53,000 --> 00:04:57,680 Speaker 1: majority of these antibiotics come from other microbes. So she 92 00:04:57,760 --> 00:05:01,520 Speaker 1: makes this case of saying that they have novel, unique 93 00:05:01,560 --> 00:05:04,400 Speaker 1: structures and we are at a place where we really 94 00:05:04,480 --> 00:05:07,520 Speaker 1: exploited a lot of resources here. Yeah, that's one of 95 00:05:07,520 --> 00:05:09,719 Speaker 1: the things that that can be really mind blowing about this, 96 00:05:09,839 --> 00:05:12,560 Speaker 1: and can be a kind of a startling and frightening revelation, 97 00:05:12,960 --> 00:05:16,880 Speaker 1: is that any any bacterial agents out there are an 98 00:05:16,880 --> 00:05:19,120 Speaker 1: exhaustible resource. What have we done. We've gone in the 99 00:05:19,200 --> 00:05:21,480 Speaker 1: natural world, like you said, we've gone underground, and we've 100 00:05:21,680 --> 00:05:23,720 Speaker 1: we've we've looked at things in the soil, all right, 101 00:05:23,760 --> 00:05:26,839 Speaker 1: what this can be used to fight a bacterial infection? 102 00:05:26,880 --> 00:05:29,839 Speaker 1: This can be used and then eventually we've we've drafted 103 00:05:29,839 --> 00:05:32,280 Speaker 1: everyone into the war against bacteria. So we have to 104 00:05:32,320 --> 00:05:36,760 Speaker 1: go to increasingly more exotic locations to try and find 105 00:05:36,880 --> 00:05:40,440 Speaker 1: those new keys to UH to unlock and unravel our 106 00:05:40,440 --> 00:05:43,480 Speaker 1: bacterial adversaries. That's a good way to put it, because meantime, 107 00:05:43,560 --> 00:05:45,599 Speaker 1: in the meantime, you know, the clock is ticking, and 108 00:05:45,760 --> 00:05:50,440 Speaker 1: we have all these antibacterial resistant microbes emerging. And we 109 00:05:50,520 --> 00:05:55,480 Speaker 1: see this with MERSA and that it's actually named sequentially 110 00:05:55,520 --> 00:05:58,960 Speaker 1: after the antibiotics. It's resistant too, and we see that 111 00:05:59,240 --> 00:06:02,640 Speaker 1: it's responsible for thousands of deaths annually. This is, of course, 112 00:06:02,800 --> 00:06:07,080 Speaker 1: methoslin resistant Stephococcus arius, right, And then you have other names, 113 00:06:07,160 --> 00:06:11,080 Speaker 1: less familiar emerging. We have carpet Penham resistant enter A 114 00:06:11,160 --> 00:06:14,240 Speaker 1: size c R E. We have van Kommassen resistant enter 115 00:06:14,279 --> 00:06:17,320 Speaker 1: a caucus v R E. And closter Ridium deficially we've 116 00:06:17,360 --> 00:06:20,080 Speaker 1: seen that before, we talked about it. See diff no 117 00:06:20,160 --> 00:06:22,160 Speaker 1: one on the street. So all of these things are 118 00:06:22,200 --> 00:06:26,520 Speaker 1: emerging and in the meantime, you have this exhausted potential 119 00:06:26,640 --> 00:06:30,279 Speaker 1: market forces for for new drugs. Right. In fact, Barton 120 00:06:30,360 --> 00:06:33,400 Speaker 1: makes the point that the last novel novel drug that 121 00:06:33,480 --> 00:06:36,200 Speaker 1: came to the market was discovered in and it took 122 00:06:36,240 --> 00:06:39,159 Speaker 1: nearly twenty years to enter the marketplace as something called 123 00:06:39,279 --> 00:06:42,440 Speaker 1: cubasin and then which we discovered on the side of 124 00:06:42,440 --> 00:06:44,840 Speaker 1: a volcano. I know, it's not that amazing. That was 125 00:06:44,880 --> 00:06:47,359 Speaker 1: another one we had to go where we've drafted everyone 126 00:06:47,400 --> 00:06:49,640 Speaker 1: in the immediate vicinity, where are these soldiers that we 127 00:06:49,680 --> 00:06:52,200 Speaker 1: haven't found yet? And that was one. Yeah. Another one 128 00:06:52,279 --> 00:06:56,599 Speaker 1: was anthrosamysin, which could be effective against MERSA and anthrax, 129 00:06:56,600 --> 00:06:59,800 Speaker 1: and that was actually found in deep ocean sediments. So 130 00:07:00,040 --> 00:07:03,159 Speaker 1: you can see again that clock ticking and you know, 131 00:07:03,240 --> 00:07:07,120 Speaker 1: trying to find new drugs to conquer this while the 132 00:07:07,320 --> 00:07:09,880 Speaker 1: more other microbes are getting stronger and stronger and more 133 00:07:09,880 --> 00:07:12,760 Speaker 1: and more resistant. In fact, in March of this year, 134 00:07:12,840 --> 00:07:16,320 Speaker 1: Dame Sally Davies, she's the u K's Chief Medical offers 135 00:07:16,360 --> 00:07:19,920 Speaker 1: she said, hey, microbial antibiotic resistance is a threat that's 136 00:07:19,920 --> 00:07:22,640 Speaker 1: on par with global warming and terrorist attacks. Let's take 137 00:07:22,680 --> 00:07:25,880 Speaker 1: this really seriously. Yeah, because just look at Merca whereas 138 00:07:25,920 --> 00:07:29,400 Speaker 1: MERCAS showing up showing up in hospitals like the place 139 00:07:29,480 --> 00:07:34,119 Speaker 1: you don't want really dangerous anti bacterial resistant um agent 140 00:07:34,200 --> 00:07:36,360 Speaker 1: to show up because you have all the people in 141 00:07:36,560 --> 00:07:39,920 Speaker 1: weakened states or immune systems are weakened. And uh, in 142 00:07:39,960 --> 00:07:42,640 Speaker 1: two thousand five, almost ten percent of hospital door handles 143 00:07:42,640 --> 00:07:45,200 Speaker 1: were shown to contain MERCA. So and and that's not 144 00:07:45,240 --> 00:07:47,960 Speaker 1: even getting into the whole handwashing situation that has been 145 00:07:48,360 --> 00:07:51,640 Speaker 1: a problem in many hospitals, you know, but the whole 146 00:07:51,640 --> 00:07:55,680 Speaker 1: situation with doctors surgeons not washing their hands um, which 147 00:07:55,720 --> 00:07:58,520 Speaker 1: is again a whole another issue. But but we'll get 148 00:07:58,520 --> 00:08:00,600 Speaker 1: to that. We'll get to that, of course. Uh. In 149 00:08:00,600 --> 00:08:02,280 Speaker 1: the meantime, just kind of have to look and see 150 00:08:02,320 --> 00:08:05,600 Speaker 1: what we can do right now. Now, Barton says, Hey, 151 00:08:05,600 --> 00:08:08,720 Speaker 1: since we have to go to these more remote locations, 152 00:08:09,080 --> 00:08:14,360 Speaker 1: let's begin to consider caves as a possible area of 153 00:08:14,400 --> 00:08:20,440 Speaker 1: exploration for these microbes, because she says, they're extreme environments, 154 00:08:20,480 --> 00:08:23,360 Speaker 1: they lack sunlight, they have scant resources, and it makes 155 00:08:23,360 --> 00:08:25,880 Speaker 1: an ideal place to hunt for antibiots since microbes have 156 00:08:25,960 --> 00:08:29,720 Speaker 1: to be particularly hardy in order to survive. Yeah, I'd 157 00:08:29,720 --> 00:08:32,600 Speaker 1: like to use the drafting analogy this is the equalency 158 00:08:32,640 --> 00:08:35,000 Speaker 1: of of just heading out into the absolute boondocks and 159 00:08:35,080 --> 00:08:38,480 Speaker 1: finding like the Family of Hillbillies and saying, hey, here's 160 00:08:38,520 --> 00:08:40,840 Speaker 1: some able a whole bunch of able bodied boys here 161 00:08:40,880 --> 00:08:43,400 Speaker 1: work in the farm. You guys can come and fight 162 00:08:43,440 --> 00:08:45,240 Speaker 1: the fight, but you have to really go far. And 163 00:08:45,280 --> 00:08:47,360 Speaker 1: like like you said, this is we're almos talking about 164 00:08:47,360 --> 00:08:50,559 Speaker 1: an alien environment, just one that's kind of entombed within 165 00:08:50,600 --> 00:08:53,800 Speaker 1: our own. We you see really exotic forms of life 166 00:08:54,200 --> 00:08:56,800 Speaker 1: at the visible level and then also at the macrobile 167 00:08:56,880 --> 00:08:59,080 Speaker 1: level as well. Yeah, and what I love about this 168 00:08:59,120 --> 00:09:01,199 Speaker 1: is that you can just amount and all these microbiologists 169 00:09:01,200 --> 00:09:04,800 Speaker 1: bull lunking into these caves and coming up with these samples, 170 00:09:04,840 --> 00:09:07,040 Speaker 1: and they're screening the genetic code of thousands of these 171 00:09:07,080 --> 00:09:10,280 Speaker 1: micro organisms for novelty. Again, that's that novel compound that 172 00:09:10,280 --> 00:09:12,600 Speaker 1: they're looking for. And then what they do is they 173 00:09:12,640 --> 00:09:16,240 Speaker 1: take that and they give it to analytical chemists and 174 00:09:16,320 --> 00:09:21,679 Speaker 1: they use technologies like liquid chromatography mass spectromedy and ion 175 00:09:21,960 --> 00:09:25,320 Speaker 1: mobility mass spectromeddy and that hones in on that novel 176 00:09:25,400 --> 00:09:29,000 Speaker 1: and unusual compounds. So we have the means of finding it, 177 00:09:29,320 --> 00:09:32,640 Speaker 1: and we have the technology. It's just again racing against 178 00:09:32,640 --> 00:09:36,559 Speaker 1: that clock. Yeah, and the possibility is really encouraging. Uh. 179 00:09:37,200 --> 00:09:40,240 Speaker 1: It's reading that just one bacterium from one of these 180 00:09:40,240 --> 00:09:43,000 Speaker 1: isolated cave systems could be found to have some upwards 181 00:09:43,040 --> 00:09:47,640 Speaker 1: like thirty eight antibacterial compounds within. So so the payoff 182 00:09:47,640 --> 00:09:51,040 Speaker 1: is pretty crazy, the payoff potentially. Yeah. All right, we're 183 00:09:51,040 --> 00:09:53,200 Speaker 1: gonna take a quick break and we come back more 184 00:09:53,240 --> 00:09:57,120 Speaker 1: about the war against the bacteria and we'll get back 185 00:09:57,120 --> 00:10:06,800 Speaker 1: to the fist punk a little bit. Yeah. Alright, so 186 00:10:06,960 --> 00:10:10,280 Speaker 1: we're back and we are talking about this microbial world 187 00:10:10,360 --> 00:10:14,080 Speaker 1: that we dwell in and how to better negotiate our 188 00:10:14,160 --> 00:10:18,319 Speaker 1: way through it, especially when you consider the antibacterial resistance 189 00:10:18,400 --> 00:10:21,840 Speaker 1: stuff out there. So what do we do we change 190 00:10:21,840 --> 00:10:24,360 Speaker 1: our behavior? Right? Yeah, yeah, I mean if you can't, 191 00:10:24,880 --> 00:10:27,600 Speaker 1: if you can't make the big advances against the enemy, 192 00:10:27,720 --> 00:10:30,199 Speaker 1: you try accumulate all the small advances you can make. 193 00:10:30,240 --> 00:10:32,280 Speaker 1: I mean that's how wars are one anyway, right, just 194 00:10:32,360 --> 00:10:34,439 Speaker 1: you build up all the little petty advantages. And one 195 00:10:34,440 --> 00:10:38,520 Speaker 1: petty advantage. Uh. The argument is to be made is 196 00:10:38,600 --> 00:10:41,360 Speaker 1: to start relying more on that fis bump as opposed 197 00:10:41,400 --> 00:10:44,920 Speaker 1: to that handshake, especially in a hospital environment. That's what 198 00:10:44,920 --> 00:10:46,599 Speaker 1: you're saying, is I need to ease off of the 199 00:10:46,720 --> 00:10:50,959 Speaker 1: hot breath hugs. Yeah, and do something that's perhaps not 200 00:10:51,080 --> 00:10:54,839 Speaker 1: quite as skin to skin contact. Fine, right, well, now 201 00:10:54,920 --> 00:10:57,520 Speaker 1: the studying question. Didn't we look at the hugs because again, 202 00:10:57,600 --> 00:11:00,560 Speaker 1: the hospital environment where generally people knowing off that you know, 203 00:11:00,559 --> 00:11:03,439 Speaker 1: you're not gonna have a big, giant, you know, stereotypical 204 00:11:03,520 --> 00:11:07,120 Speaker 1: Russian hug every time you encounter somebody. But this particular 205 00:11:07,120 --> 00:11:09,320 Speaker 1: research was publishing two thales and thirteen by the Journal 206 00:11:09,320 --> 00:11:13,679 Speaker 1: of Hospital Infection. Surgeons at West Virginia University, UH decided 207 00:11:13,679 --> 00:11:15,040 Speaker 1: they were going to see if they could reduce the 208 00:11:15,040 --> 00:11:18,120 Speaker 1: spread of infection just by fist bumping instead of shaking hands. 209 00:11:18,360 --> 00:11:21,400 Speaker 1: The lead researcher on this was Tom of Cleveland, and 210 00:11:21,480 --> 00:11:23,959 Speaker 1: he's a West Virginia plastic surgeon, and uh it was 211 00:11:24,000 --> 00:11:28,600 Speaker 1: a really a small statement, but remarkable in their findings. Yeah, 212 00:11:28,760 --> 00:11:30,360 Speaker 1: and we'll get to that in a second. But let's 213 00:11:30,559 --> 00:11:33,400 Speaker 1: back up and look at why this is important. First 214 00:11:33,400 --> 00:11:35,640 Speaker 1: of all, even if your doctor is washing his or 215 00:11:35,679 --> 00:11:39,000 Speaker 1: her hands, or you run and wash your hands soon 216 00:11:39,040 --> 00:11:42,400 Speaker 1: after you clasp hands with another person, eighty percent of 217 00:11:42,400 --> 00:11:47,200 Speaker 1: individuals retained some disease causing bacteria after washing. Okay, most 218 00:11:47,200 --> 00:11:48,760 Speaker 1: people are doing it wrong, right. I mean, that's the 219 00:11:48,800 --> 00:11:51,040 Speaker 1: whole adage that when you wash your hands you should 220 00:11:51,080 --> 00:11:54,960 Speaker 1: do the ABC song twice through, and most people don't 221 00:11:54,960 --> 00:11:55,959 Speaker 1: do that. I mean most of the time when I 222 00:11:56,000 --> 00:11:58,400 Speaker 1: go to the bathroom, I don't even hear anybody singing. Now, 223 00:11:58,400 --> 00:12:01,320 Speaker 1: physicians are probably a little better about this, right, because 224 00:12:01,360 --> 00:12:04,440 Speaker 1: they're more aware of it. Um. But here's the thing. 225 00:12:05,200 --> 00:12:07,520 Speaker 1: They kind of have to have some sort of interaction 226 00:12:07,559 --> 00:12:09,800 Speaker 1: with you, physicians, right, because if you think about it, 227 00:12:09,880 --> 00:12:13,439 Speaker 1: if you are going to see a medical professional, you're 228 00:12:13,440 --> 00:12:16,640 Speaker 1: probably there in what is usually a tense situation or 229 00:12:16,679 --> 00:12:20,520 Speaker 1: stressful situation. You don't usually go to the doctor when 230 00:12:20,520 --> 00:12:24,359 Speaker 1: you're feeling great, right, So this can be a situation 231 00:12:24,440 --> 00:12:28,600 Speaker 1: where you have to have that that sort of touchy 232 00:12:28,720 --> 00:12:31,840 Speaker 1: feeling moment to create a sense of trust between the 233 00:12:31,920 --> 00:12:34,240 Speaker 1: doctor and the patient. So this is why the doctor 234 00:12:34,240 --> 00:12:36,880 Speaker 1: always engages you in a handshake. Right. Might seem sort 235 00:12:36,880 --> 00:12:38,760 Speaker 1: of ridiculous because this is what I think every time 236 00:12:38,800 --> 00:12:40,800 Speaker 1: my doctor reaches out of her hand, like please, don't 237 00:12:40,840 --> 00:12:42,800 Speaker 1: I know if you've been doing this to people all 238 00:12:42,840 --> 00:12:45,120 Speaker 1: day long who are sick. But again, it is that 239 00:12:45,200 --> 00:12:49,760 Speaker 1: social contract. So yeah, you want your surgeon, your doctor, whoever. 240 00:12:49,800 --> 00:12:51,800 Speaker 1: You want some sort of human connection so that you 241 00:12:51,800 --> 00:12:53,400 Speaker 1: don't feel like a piece of meat, you don't feel 242 00:12:53,400 --> 00:12:55,800 Speaker 1: like a number. You want them to. You want to 243 00:12:55,800 --> 00:12:57,800 Speaker 1: at least there to be an illusion that they care 244 00:12:57,840 --> 00:13:00,640 Speaker 1: about your life. So this is why those surgeons thought, Okay, 245 00:13:00,640 --> 00:13:02,880 Speaker 1: this is a very important thing here. This is not 246 00:13:03,240 --> 00:13:05,520 Speaker 1: just hey, let's sit around and fist bump each other 247 00:13:05,559 --> 00:13:08,920 Speaker 1: and and just grow out all day. Let's actually see 248 00:13:08,960 --> 00:13:12,720 Speaker 1: if we can reduce the amount of junk that gets 249 00:13:12,760 --> 00:13:16,679 Speaker 1: spread around. And this is how it went down. So 250 00:13:17,120 --> 00:13:20,240 Speaker 1: small group again, they just started doing the fist bumps 251 00:13:20,280 --> 00:13:22,959 Speaker 1: instead of the shaking. Now they cultured the bacteria grown 252 00:13:22,960 --> 00:13:25,960 Speaker 1: on their hands, and they found that the handshake exposed 253 00:13:26,120 --> 00:13:28,880 Speaker 1: more than three times as much skin surface area as 254 00:13:28,920 --> 00:13:32,000 Speaker 1: the fist bump, and the contact average two point two 255 00:13:32,000 --> 00:13:35,480 Speaker 1: point seven times longer, so more bacteria was transmitted as 256 00:13:35,520 --> 00:13:38,120 Speaker 1: expected with the handshake versus the fist pump, where you 257 00:13:38,160 --> 00:13:41,240 Speaker 1: have just you know, very small amount of skin. I mean, 258 00:13:41,240 --> 00:13:42,800 Speaker 1: they're not even if you if you take your your 259 00:13:42,840 --> 00:13:45,160 Speaker 1: fists and sort of bump them, you'll see that they're 260 00:13:45,200 --> 00:13:47,920 Speaker 1: they're they're not made to interlock. It's not like the handshake, 261 00:13:47,920 --> 00:13:51,240 Speaker 1: which is kind of like the mating of two fleshy squids. 262 00:13:52,000 --> 00:13:54,720 Speaker 1: Fleshy squid slushy squids of course, not too squid of 263 00:13:54,720 --> 00:13:56,800 Speaker 1: the same species, the two different species squid. That's why 264 00:13:56,800 --> 00:13:59,560 Speaker 1: I want squids. Well, I like this because I'm not 265 00:13:59,600 --> 00:14:02,360 Speaker 1: a big handshake person anyway, Like I said, I'd rather 266 00:14:02,440 --> 00:14:05,880 Speaker 1: hug um. And I do find it awkward sometimes because 267 00:14:06,000 --> 00:14:07,560 Speaker 1: you know, you don't know whether or not to employ 268 00:14:07,640 --> 00:14:10,280 Speaker 1: the super aggressive shake or the you don't want to 269 00:14:10,320 --> 00:14:13,760 Speaker 1: do like a limp fish shake either. You also, you 270 00:14:13,800 --> 00:14:16,920 Speaker 1: can have different galvanic skin responses, right, so there's more 271 00:14:16,960 --> 00:14:19,880 Speaker 1: sweat on your hands sometimes than others. It can be 272 00:14:20,080 --> 00:14:23,640 Speaker 1: uh odd, especially when you find yourself with with cold 273 00:14:23,680 --> 00:14:27,440 Speaker 1: dead hands like me, and you have to apologize every 274 00:14:27,440 --> 00:14:29,120 Speaker 1: time you go to shake someone's hand. Well, one thing 275 00:14:29,160 --> 00:14:31,880 Speaker 1: they pointed out in the study too, is that the 276 00:14:31,880 --> 00:14:34,240 Speaker 1: social contract of it is beautiful because all right, so 277 00:14:34,320 --> 00:14:37,080 Speaker 1: let's say you're you're on a no shaking hands roll, 278 00:14:37,240 --> 00:14:39,000 Speaker 1: like that's your goal for the day. Then what do 279 00:14:39,040 --> 00:14:41,840 Speaker 1: you do when somebody extends to hand If you say, oh, 280 00:14:41,840 --> 00:14:44,000 Speaker 1: I'm sorry, I can't shake hands today, or I'm not 281 00:14:44,000 --> 00:14:46,200 Speaker 1: gonna you know, how do you politely get out of that. 282 00:14:46,880 --> 00:14:49,680 Speaker 1: You're gonna on some level feel or or look like 283 00:14:49,720 --> 00:14:51,200 Speaker 1: a jerk that you're gonna be dead in the water 284 00:14:51,240 --> 00:14:53,080 Speaker 1: if you don't have some sort of response. Right, But 285 00:14:53,120 --> 00:14:55,000 Speaker 1: if they extend that hand for the shake and then 286 00:14:55,080 --> 00:14:58,720 Speaker 1: you respond by extending that hand for the fist bump wall, 287 00:14:59,120 --> 00:15:01,320 Speaker 1: all they have to do is just curl that's squid 288 00:15:01,400 --> 00:15:04,880 Speaker 1: up into a fist and bam. Now, the study did 289 00:15:04,880 --> 00:15:07,440 Speaker 1: not go into whether you should explode the fist at 290 00:15:07,480 --> 00:15:10,240 Speaker 1: that point, if you you should do the peace sign 291 00:15:10,280 --> 00:15:12,880 Speaker 1: and form the snail, or any of the other add 292 00:15:12,920 --> 00:15:16,880 Speaker 1: on bonuses that you may employ in your fist pump. Now, 293 00:15:16,880 --> 00:15:20,960 Speaker 1: I would say that within maybe your social group, your friends, 294 00:15:20,960 --> 00:15:24,120 Speaker 1: your family, you can do some of those variations and 295 00:15:24,120 --> 00:15:27,040 Speaker 1: and risk a little bit more surface contact, right because 296 00:15:27,120 --> 00:15:28,920 Speaker 1: most likely you're going to share some of your microbial 297 00:15:29,000 --> 00:15:34,080 Speaker 1: colony with them. Yes, But outside of that straight on knuckles, Yeah, 298 00:15:34,240 --> 00:15:36,160 Speaker 1: Like with my son, I do the fist pump, but 299 00:15:36,160 --> 00:15:39,080 Speaker 1: then I have it explode and drew Polver's face, So 300 00:15:39,080 --> 00:15:41,640 Speaker 1: so there's a lot of like contact that way. You know. 301 00:15:41,720 --> 00:15:44,240 Speaker 1: I have to say that before you had sent me 302 00:15:44,280 --> 00:15:46,640 Speaker 1: this study. I didn't notice that in school the fist 303 00:15:46,640 --> 00:15:50,160 Speaker 1: bump was being encouraged by by my daughter's teacher. And 304 00:15:50,160 --> 00:15:51,680 Speaker 1: I don't know if that was just my daughter's teacher 305 00:15:51,760 --> 00:15:54,680 Speaker 1: or what, but you know, there's a lot of hacking 306 00:15:54,760 --> 00:15:57,760 Speaker 1: going on, spreading of germs among that group. Well, that's 307 00:15:57,760 --> 00:16:00,800 Speaker 1: interesting that maybe they're encouraging him or the fist bump 308 00:16:01,520 --> 00:16:05,200 Speaker 1: in addition, of course to the Dracula elbow cough, which 309 00:16:05,280 --> 00:16:07,680 Speaker 1: I saw a parent encouraging that on the playground the 310 00:16:07,720 --> 00:16:09,360 Speaker 1: other day and I was like, yes, which is just 311 00:16:09,400 --> 00:16:12,000 Speaker 1: fun to say to a kid anyway, Yeah, Dracula up there, 312 00:16:12,720 --> 00:16:17,040 Speaker 1: drack up. Maybe I don't know better terminology. Alright, So 313 00:16:17,520 --> 00:16:20,600 Speaker 1: envision the future when we have a better understanding of 314 00:16:20,920 --> 00:16:25,480 Speaker 1: the microbiome and uh, the threats, the inherent threats, and 315 00:16:25,480 --> 00:16:27,280 Speaker 1: the beauties that come out of it. Right, we've talked 316 00:16:27,280 --> 00:16:32,840 Speaker 1: about that. Do we just do away altogether with any 317 00:16:32,840 --> 00:16:37,320 Speaker 1: sort of contact? Well, no, not. We don't want to 318 00:16:37,320 --> 00:16:39,280 Speaker 1: do away with with contact. But I mean that's why 319 00:16:39,320 --> 00:16:41,680 Speaker 1: this is beautiful. It's the it's finding and finding out 320 00:16:41,720 --> 00:16:44,160 Speaker 1: what we can lose and uh, and you know how 321 00:16:44,160 --> 00:16:47,480 Speaker 1: we can sort of meet meet people halfway not actually 322 00:16:47,520 --> 00:16:50,520 Speaker 1: see ourselves up in bubbles and refuse to to to 323 00:16:50,520 --> 00:16:53,560 Speaker 1: touch each other. But but also not just just say hey, 324 00:16:53,600 --> 00:16:56,280 Speaker 1: we're not hugging it out, then we're not human. You know. 325 00:16:56,400 --> 00:16:59,480 Speaker 1: I can't remember the exacts of this article that right, 326 00:16:59,520 --> 00:17:01,960 Speaker 1: but there was sort of infestation of this woman and 327 00:17:02,080 --> 00:17:05,040 Speaker 1: her family's house and I don't know if it was 328 00:17:05,119 --> 00:17:08,240 Speaker 1: lies or something, but demons, demons, it was some sort 329 00:17:08,240 --> 00:17:12,360 Speaker 1: of critter. And what happened is that they all sort 330 00:17:12,359 --> 00:17:15,080 Speaker 1: of had to stop hugging. And she said they became 331 00:17:15,200 --> 00:17:19,680 Speaker 1: very adept at doing this sort of smile eyes hug 332 00:17:20,320 --> 00:17:22,640 Speaker 1: and she would stare at her son and sort of 333 00:17:22,840 --> 00:17:24,439 Speaker 1: smile at him and try to hug him with her 334 00:17:24,440 --> 00:17:26,480 Speaker 1: eyes and he would do it back. And she said 335 00:17:26,480 --> 00:17:28,560 Speaker 1: it was really kind of beautiful because they just slowed down, 336 00:17:28,600 --> 00:17:31,560 Speaker 1: and of course they couldn't embrace, but they had that 337 00:17:31,600 --> 00:17:35,840 Speaker 1: sort of communication. Could an air hug like where you 338 00:17:35,840 --> 00:17:38,040 Speaker 1: don't actually touch for you kind of air hug the 339 00:17:38,080 --> 00:17:42,080 Speaker 1: other person kind of, It's just I don't know that's 340 00:17:42,119 --> 00:17:46,040 Speaker 1: in the realm of air guitar playing air sex. That's 341 00:17:46,080 --> 00:17:49,360 Speaker 1: the thing. A thing, all right, Well, there you have it. 342 00:17:49,359 --> 00:17:51,159 Speaker 1: It's kind of a shorty, but it's a shorty that 343 00:17:51,280 --> 00:17:54,159 Speaker 1: might save your life in some small way, and you 344 00:17:54,160 --> 00:17:56,720 Speaker 1: can feel better about fis pumping instead of instead of 345 00:17:56,720 --> 00:17:59,359 Speaker 1: shaking hand instead of high fiving. Uh, And then you 346 00:17:59,359 --> 00:18:01,760 Speaker 1: don't have to feel like you're doing something those those 347 00:18:01,800 --> 00:18:05,440 Speaker 1: too browish if you will. Yeah, it should go out 348 00:18:05,440 --> 00:18:08,440 Speaker 1: of the brow sphere into the mainstream, I think, yeah, 349 00:18:08,480 --> 00:18:12,320 Speaker 1: the brow sphere. Yeah, so hey, let us let us 350 00:18:12,320 --> 00:18:14,760 Speaker 1: know about this. We'd love to hear your thoughts on 351 00:18:14,880 --> 00:18:18,080 Speaker 1: the fist bump versus the handshake, versus bacteria versus hugs. 352 00:18:18,480 --> 00:18:21,280 Speaker 1: Everything in this in this episode is up for grabs, 353 00:18:21,280 --> 00:18:26,399 Speaker 1: including diving down into deep caves for bacterial soldiers that 354 00:18:26,440 --> 00:18:29,040 Speaker 1: we haven't ushered into this war just yet. You can 355 00:18:29,040 --> 00:18:30,680 Speaker 1: find us all the normal places you can find us. 356 00:18:30,560 --> 00:18:32,640 Speaker 1: Its stuff to bow your Mind dot com. 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