Speaker 1: Welcome to the MLK Tapes, a production of I Heart
Speaker 1: Radio and Tenderfoot TV. The views and opinions expressed in
Speaker 1: this podcast are solely those of the podcast author or
Speaker 1: individuals participating in the podcast, and do not represent those
Speaker 1: of I Heart Media, Tenderfoot TV, or their employees. This
Speaker 1: episode contains strong language. Listener discretion is advised. Now, Johnny
Speaker 1: Barger was my partner. We were policemen together. He's the
Speaker 1: one who introduced me to Frank Liberto. We used to
Speaker 1: go there Cloud often. It was real good friends. Of course,
Speaker 1: I got to be pretty good friends with Frank myself
Speaker 1: because he could do you a lot of good in Memphis,
Speaker 1: especially on the police department. As we heard once before,
Speaker 1: this is a recreation of Lloyd Jowers telling Dexter King
Speaker 1: how it was he came to be friends with a
Speaker 1: guy named Frank Liberto. As Jowers says, if you were
Speaker 1: a cop, Loberto could do you a lot of good.
Speaker 1: And Jowers knew that firsthand because Loberto saved him from
Speaker 1: being fired when he had been found drunk on the job.
Speaker 1: Jowers would say on ABC Prime Time that the reason
Speaker 1: Liberto was able to bring him into the plot against
Speaker 1: King was because Jowers owed him Alberto don of a
Speaker 1: large favor. Sowed in the favor I called the Union
Speaker 1: Hall A says a matter of life and death. I said,
Speaker 1: I think these people of planning to kill Dr King.
Speaker 1: The authorities were parade. Oh, we found a gun that
Speaker 1: James l Ray bought in Birmingham that killed Dr King.
Speaker 1: Except it wasn't the gun that killed Dr King. James
Speaker 1: l Ray was upon for the official story from My
Speaker 1: Heart Radio in Tender for TV. The plan was to
Speaker 1: get King to the city because they wanted it handled
Speaker 1: in Memphis for dead in him could handle it. And
Speaker 1: I have lived with it alone, monsieur, and they they
Speaker 1: skiff for me. The Lord told me to not the word.
Speaker 1: I've been wanting to tell it all my life. I'm
Speaker 1: Bill Clayburg and this is the MLK tapes. As we
Speaker 1: just heard. Lloyd Jowers on National TV said that Frank
Speaker 1: Liberto was able to bring him into the plot to
Speaker 1: kill King because he owed him a favor. But murder
Speaker 1: seems a little beyond what you Owers should have owed.
Speaker 1: If all Leberto had done was put in a good word,
Speaker 1: so what was it? Bill Pepper thinks Liberto might have
Speaker 1: removed and disposed of a man who Jowers killed because
Speaker 1: he caught him in bed with Betty Spaces. Bill says
Speaker 1: Betty told him about this, though I couldn't find it
Speaker 1: on any tape. Of course, the debt may have been
Speaker 1: something more common, because along with this problem with alcohol,
Speaker 1: Jowers liked gamble. Apparently he old Liberto or we're still
Speaker 1: Liberto's boss, a pile of money, more money than he
Speaker 1: could repay. So for the moment, let's accept that as
Speaker 1: the leverage. But what did Jowers have that Liberto wanted.
Speaker 1: Here's what jowers attorney Lewis Garrison had to say. I
Speaker 1: came down, we had someone to do assassination. He thought
Speaker 1: Jowers would be the person who do it. So that's what. So,
Speaker 1: according to Garrison, Frank Liberto picked Owers because he thought
Speaker 1: he was the man who could do the job. I
Speaker 1: have a good opinion of Lewis Garrison, but I think
Speaker 1: he has this piece of the puzzle wrong. I think
Speaker 1: Liberto picked ours because the back door to his grill
Speaker 1: opened onto a brush covered yard directly across from the
Speaker 1: Lorraine Motel. And Liberto, who knew about these things, apparently
Speaker 1: assured Jowers that the police would not be a problem.
Speaker 1: Here's what Jowers said about that again on ABC. He
Speaker 1: said I wouldn't be there, so they won't be there
Speaker 1: that night. Did he say there would be a decoy there? Yeah,
Speaker 1: it'll be set up, but look like someone else done
Speaker 1: the killing. So at this point, if we're following the signpost,
Speaker 1: the plot goes back to a wholesale produce guy who
Speaker 1: is more than a wholesale produce guy. So who can
Speaker 1: tell us about Frank Leberto? This is just what Dexter
Speaker 1: King and Andy Young wanted to know when they met
Speaker 1: with Jowers and Garrison in some motel room out on
Speaker 1: the highway, the same meeting we listened to in the
Speaker 1: last episode, and Jowers told them about some woman named
Speaker 1: Nevada Whitlock Addison, who Frank Leberto liked a lot and
Speaker 1: who we saw frequently at the end of the day. Again,
Speaker 1: for clarity, we are recreating Jowers words. Miss Whitlock owned
Speaker 1: a restaurant out on Highland hots On Making Road. I believe,
Speaker 1: I believe that's where it was. Frank used to stop
Speaker 1: in there all the time. The fact is he tried
Speaker 1: to go to bed with her all the time. Miss Whitlock.
Speaker 1: He may have. I don't know. Anyway, he'd get old up,
Speaker 1: get drunk up, and he'd do a lot of talk.
Speaker 1: So what kind of talking did Frank Liberto do when
Speaker 1: he was drunk up with Levada Addison? If we're talking
Speaker 1: about the King murder, it wasn't much. But there was
Speaker 1: one time. Here's a reading of a deposition Livada Addison
Speaker 1: gave to Bill Pepper. I had a TV up in
Speaker 1: the front part of the pizza parlor, and we were
Speaker 1: sitting at a table and something came on the TV
Speaker 1: about Martin Luther King. And I don't recall what it was,
Speaker 1: but he said, in a low voice to me, he said,
Speaker 1: I had Martin Luther King killed. I said, don't be
Speaker 1: telling me anything like that. I don't want to hear it,
Speaker 1: and I don't believe it anyway, and I got up
Speaker 1: and walked away. Livada Addison ended the conversation when she
Speaker 1: walked away, but it disturbed her enough that she told
Speaker 1: her eighteen year old son, Nathan about it. Nathan had
Speaker 1: his own relationship with a Toad or Mr Frank, as
Speaker 1: he called him, a relationship he described from the witness
Speaker 1: stand at the civil trial it's frashing myself with friends.
Speaker 1: He would come to my mother's restaurant on the day
Speaker 1: the basis, early the morning, late in the evening he'd
Speaker 1: come back, and I spent most of my time, really,
Speaker 1: even the evening time. At the time, I've been performing
Speaker 1: in the lost days and I'm just Frank. He would
Speaker 1: come in and drink beer a lot, and I knew
Speaker 1: how to play a song, an Italian song on the
Speaker 1: guitar of Manda Guenian, and I used to playing the
Speaker 1: song and he used to like this what I'd playing,
Speaker 1: and he would tit his money in and then he
Speaker 1: got to where was Frank's I had a little small
Speaker 1: breaks combo when he knew give me jobs. So that performing.
Speaker 1: So Mr Frank and Nathan became friendly. But what did
Speaker 1: they talk about? That's what Bill Pepper asked at the trial. Well,
Speaker 1: I asked you some stuff that led up to him
Speaker 1: telling me that he came. But uh, I've heard that
Speaker 1: ans of mom, And I asked, you can see the money,
Speaker 1: and he he didn't say yes to know, he answered me,
Speaker 1: But I asked him myself, what is the month? Is
Speaker 1: it a bunch of bad guys that sit around at
Speaker 1: the table and scheme up something mean to do this. No,
Speaker 1: it's a bunch of business men to take care of business.
Speaker 1: Nathan wasn't sure what to make of that, but he
Speaker 1: was upset when he learned that Liberto had bribed to
Speaker 1: his mother about the killing of King. I would regularly
Speaker 1: bright when he showed up to the Pitts poker and
Speaker 1: this ad just Frank to kill Barnloke. The King glared
Speaker 1: at me. He said, you can talk to your mother.
Speaker 1: I said yeah. He said you wired. I didn't even
Speaker 1: want to get to that. No, I'm not wired. I
Speaker 1: thought he was talking about it not taking in feather,
Speaker 1: mean bills were wired up. No, I'm not crazy. Uh
Speaker 1: you know he said there he says is I don't
Speaker 1: want to offend anybody about saying he told me. He said,
Speaker 1: I didn't kill the nigger, but I had it done.
Speaker 1: And I said, what about the other son of a
Speaker 1: bitch out they're taking credit for He says, ah, he
Speaker 1: wouldn't done what I trovelger from Assuri. He was a
Speaker 1: front man, and I didn't know what that mean, because
Speaker 1: front man me means something different than what he was
Speaker 1: thinking about it. I said what he said, I set
Speaker 1: up at me. I said, why did you kill the preacher? Forward?
Speaker 1: He says, boy, you don't even need to be here
Speaker 1: about this. He said, oh, to say nothing. He stood up.
Speaker 1: He actbody's gonna slap me upside the head. So I
Speaker 1: stood up there and me and they were looking at
Speaker 1: each other, and he's got this glare and look on
Speaker 1: his eye, and I can tell he was thinking about hit.
Speaker 1: And by that time the phone ring, So I spoke
Speaker 1: to the national phone and I'm busy with a pizza
Speaker 1: stuff and I looked up. He's gone. He left his
Speaker 1: spurs as everyone'll tell you what's ahead for. But there
Speaker 1: was no damage done. Liberto was back the next day
Speaker 1: and there was no further talk about King. Nathan. Whitlock
Speaker 1: then told the court about something that happened at the
Speaker 1: restaurant that for a brief moment, had Liberto and Nathan
Speaker 1: talking about something that Liberto wanted him to do. Some
Speaker 1: guy came in. He looked kind of like John went
Speaker 1: to the big guy read Nick. Guy walked to my
Speaker 1: mother's restaurant, bring the beer. Mom runs over to the
Speaker 1: door and she says, you can't bring up beer in here,
Speaker 1: but I said, and he just he says, I might
Speaker 1: just buy this motherfucking place, and back came mam. When
Speaker 1: he did, I walked around the counter, was a nastick
Speaker 1: and I'm not fired from the tail and knock him
Speaker 1: through the front door. Kid across here buzz the out
Speaker 1: and real bad buzzetel Nathan Whitlock damn near killed the
Speaker 1: guy and would have if someone hadn't intervened. And fortunately
Speaker 1: for Nate, Liberto's friendship was enough to ensure there would
Speaker 1: be no reprisal. But more than that, what Nathan had
Speaker 1: done had made an impression on Mr Frank and the
Speaker 1: next time they met, Loberto started poking around, asking Nate
Speaker 1: if for money he might consider killing a few people
Speaker 1: that needed killing. He said, to do it again. I said,
Speaker 1: I guess also might come and bit a base party.
Speaker 1: Boh my eyes and yeah turn up and he says,
Speaker 1: just didn't gentile said to him? He said, multiples over around,
Speaker 1: We're going to the bat there on the flat over
Speaker 1: emotional over for and to do it with some length,
Speaker 1: And I said, I was money. He said fire. Nathan
Speaker 1: got out of the conversation without agreeing to anything, but
Speaker 1: every now and then he felt the stomach turn as
Speaker 1: he found himself thinking about it. Then a few weeks later,
Speaker 1: the phone rang at the restaurant. It was Frank Liberto
Speaker 1: and he asked to speak to Nathan. Loberto didn't never
Speaker 1: call Nathan on the phone, and Nathan didn't know what
Speaker 1: this could be about, but he knew what he hoped
Speaker 1: it was not about. He said hello and heard Liberto's
Speaker 1: deep voice. He said, I got a job for you tonight.
Speaker 1: Nate felt his pulse quicken and he's thinking. Nate kept listening,
Speaker 1: trying to understand what was being asked of him. Loberto
Speaker 1: said something about meeting down at the Civic Center and
Speaker 1: to bring his drummer friend. Suddenly it came to him,
Speaker 1: he's about yea for Sheriff Bill Morris's Christo. So Nathan
Speaker 1: Woodlock played at Sheriff Morris's Christmas party and Frank Loberto
Speaker 1: never asked him then or later to kill anybody. The
Speaker 1: next summer, Nathan went to Canada, and when he came back,
Speaker 1: his mother told him that Frank Liberto had died. MH.
Speaker 1: Solvada Addison and Nathan Whitlock were people who knew the
Speaker 1: real Frank Liberto and Mr Frank really did kind of
Speaker 1: tell him that he played a part in the killing
Speaker 1: of King, but that was years after the fact, and
Speaker 1: maybe he was just making it up. So is there
Speaker 1: someone closer to the crime who we might consult about Liberto?
Speaker 1: Turns out there is how close to the crime was
Speaker 1: he about half an hour away. This man, by chance
Speaker 1: happened to be standing near Liberto at a crucial time
Speaker 1: and he heard a few things he was not supposed
Speaker 1: to hear, and at that time he would badly relive
Speaker 1: never been reached to be out of the book. It
Speaker 1: was in the spraying of nineteen nine and doing it
Speaker 1: spraying a nineteen nine on up until the summer, we
Speaker 1: made a great effort to get Naples the Reggist to vote,
Speaker 1: and doing it summer we've got a small number risik in.
Speaker 1: On August twitter, nineteen fift nine, we had a primary
Speaker 1: election and they refused to let us vote. The Democratic
Speaker 1: committed refused to let us vote. That's the voice of
Speaker 1: John McFerrin, who was raised in Fayette County, Tennessee, just
Speaker 1: east of Memphis. As a young man, he served in
Speaker 1: the Army during the Second World War, and, like many
Speaker 1: other black men, his time in the service had brought
Speaker 1: him to other places and shown him other things which
Speaker 1: made him less able to accept what he had always
Speaker 1: known in Fayette County, like being denied the right to vote.
Speaker 1: As McFerrin just described, even after they'd gotten a small
Speaker 1: number of blacks to register, they were still not out
Speaker 1: to vote, and the reaction in the white community was swift.
Speaker 1: The White Citizens Council came up with the idea that
Speaker 1: any black person who tried to register or vote should
Speaker 1: be thrown off their land. Most black farmers were sharecroppers,
Speaker 1: so they didn't own the land they worked. And it
Speaker 1: wasn't just a threat. The evictions began. They were making
Speaker 1: them all moved. And they got together and see it,
Speaker 1: and they was coming to us, what we're gonna do
Speaker 1: with all these folks that make the move over the land,
Speaker 1: and they got no where to go. Then the group
Speaker 1: and myself come up with the idea of my intent
Speaker 1: and we bought label lay aborted ten from level jumpyard
Speaker 1: on Serious Street. There's armored teens and we put up
Speaker 1: the armored tents and later we named ten City. That's
Speaker 1: how Ten Cities started. In a year's time, city grew
Speaker 1: to hold over three people, including children who had a
Speaker 1: canvas roof over their heads, but no income and little
Speaker 1: to eat. But that wasn't the end of it. The
Speaker 1: leaders of the group were not allowed to buy food,
Speaker 1: or gasoline or much of anything else, not only in
Speaker 1: Fayette County, but in Memphis as well. John McFerrin had
Speaker 1: a small store that sold to local blacks. It was
Speaker 1: a service to the community, pretending to be a business.
Speaker 1: And suddenly John McFerrin had access to nothing. Would it
Speaker 1: sell us, no games, would sellers, no food? They didn't
Speaker 1: say a none need roots. That was called leaves. They
Speaker 1: had a list. There's this clop club, clan and citizen
Speaker 1: council pay us to rank, and a list contain named
Speaker 1: and called the trollmakers with ex is behind McFerrin was
Speaker 1: one of those with an ex behind his name. But
Speaker 1: he did find a few sources who would sell to
Speaker 1: him on the sly, a guy with a bread truck
Speaker 1: that would meet him out on the road, and a
Speaker 1: few other people who would sell to him after hours.
Speaker 1: But then a court order came down saying that blacks
Speaker 1: had the right to vote, and a truce of sorts
Speaker 1: was called. Because the harsh conditions of Tense City were
Speaker 1: beginning to make Memphis look bad, and a lot of
Speaker 1: land was lying fallow. So the farmers were allowed to
Speaker 1: return and things died back to the not very nice
Speaker 1: way they had been before. McFerrin went back to his
Speaker 1: store and was able to purchase meat at Morrel Meat
Speaker 1: Company and his vegetables from L n L Produce, a
Speaker 1: wholesale market run by Frank Liberto, and that's where he
Speaker 1: happened to be at on the day Martin Luther King
Speaker 1: was shot. The following is from John McFerrin's testimony at
Speaker 1: the civil trial, in answering questions put to him by
Speaker 1: Bill Pepper, would you describe what the layout of the
Speaker 1: place was? And once you did? When arrive on the
Speaker 1: right side, there's a little small oafice. And when I
Speaker 1: got intended feet of this office, by Latch was standing up.
Speaker 1: James Latch was Luberto's partner and the other L and
Speaker 1: L and L Produce, And McFerrin always tried to avoid him.
Speaker 1: Mr lest he star around his neck like this, and
Speaker 1: he'd always be in the dream. But Mr Pako was
Speaker 1: always friend. I would let stay wee bumping good, and
Speaker 1: then we're happy about the phone man. And when the
Speaker 1: phone rang last Victor, that's it, that's him again. He
Speaker 1: gave it from Mr Paco and mcquaio said, shooting in
Speaker 1: the You can just say what he said, shoot design
Speaker 1: is on the back well. At that time they need
Speaker 1: to head noticed me and I was just standing up
Speaker 1: a little close to them and looking. Then he looked
Speaker 1: around and see me. Then he said, gone, get you
Speaker 1: munch of that. I won't only ain't gotten munch of that.
Speaker 1: Then when I was coming back out, the phone rang again.
Speaker 1: Let's fixture go and give it to Mr Baker, and
Speaker 1: Mr Baker told it go get brother and you all
Speaker 1: and get his five dollar not At the time, McFerrin
Speaker 1: couldn't make sense out of what he had heard, but
Speaker 1: that changed quickly. And when I got home, my wife
Speaker 1: called and said, do you know dr Game you gotta kill?
Speaker 1: I said, I know it. It all come back to
Speaker 1: me in my mind where I heard, he says, when
Speaker 1: they're told, I knew. Mcferren couldn't forget what he heard,
Speaker 1: but it frightened him, so he didn't say anything to anyone.
Speaker 1: But the man who had been murdered was Martin Luther King,
Speaker 1: and McFerrin knew that King deserved something more from him
Speaker 1: than silence. So two days later, McFerrin called a white
Speaker 1: Methodist minister he knew, the Reverend Baxton Bryant, and told
Speaker 1: him that he had heard something about the King killing.
Speaker 1: He said he was afraid to go to the police
Speaker 1: and didn't know what to do. Reverend Bryant suggested that
Speaker 1: they meet the next afternoon. Before we take you to
Speaker 1: that meeting, it is important to understand who Reverend Bryant
Speaker 1: was and why McFerrin trusted him. At the time of
Speaker 1: the sanitation strike in Memphis, Reverend Bryant was the director
Speaker 1: of the Tennessee Citizens Union, a group dedicated to improving
Speaker 1: communication between the black and white communities. At that time,
Speaker 1: they weren't having much luck. This is how Reverend Bryant
Speaker 1: summed it up in an interview he gave at Rhodes
Speaker 1: College just two months after King was killed. Nest had
Speaker 1: taken a lot of pride. It was paternalist. They had
Speaker 1: laid some games, but it was raised the racist to
Speaker 1: the core is what Brian called it. And although he
Speaker 1: was white, he knew what that looked like. He had
Speaker 1: grown up dur poor and rural Arkansas, one of thirteen children,
Speaker 1: and like most of the blacks there, they didn't own
Speaker 1: their own land. He felt that the words of Jesus
Speaker 1: and their promise applied to everyone, black or white, and
Speaker 1: that made him a little different from a lot of
Speaker 1: the other white preachers in the Deep South. After he
Speaker 1: had moved to Memphis and became the director of the
Speaker 1: Citizens Union, Bryant played the role of go between in
Speaker 1: the tents stuttering negotiations between the city and the striking
Speaker 1: sanitation workers. He won the respect of both sides by
Speaker 1: not tiptoeing around. What follows is his account of rather
Speaker 1: heated private conversation that he had with Mayor Loeb a
Speaker 1: couple of weeks before King was killed. I found out
Speaker 1: I could say anything in this world that I wanted
Speaker 1: to Familior and continuous Prince. I guess I appealed to
Speaker 1: him because the Minister and I pressing with him. You know,
Speaker 1: he didn't wouldn't have to be the ordinary, you know,
Speaker 1: or Patsy preaching. You know you what he would tell me, Baxton,
Speaker 1: all I've got to give my kids is my name.
Speaker 1: My old dad taught me to be honest, and I've
Speaker 1: said I wouldn't do it, and that I give you
Speaker 1: my word, it's my word. I'm not going but I've
Speaker 1: said I wouldn't recognize it, evenion, I'm not going to
Speaker 1: recognize the Reverend Bryant saw lope as hiding behind his
Speaker 1: father and his kids, and he wasn't having it. Why
Speaker 1: can't you see, Henry, that thing's man. They want to
Speaker 1: be mean. They don't want you to do something far,
Speaker 1: They want to do something for them, saying, do you
Speaker 1: know what what happened? If you recognize the union in
Speaker 1: every one of those thirteen, you know there'd be a
Speaker 1: man said at the end of the table tonight. Now
Speaker 1: this is the stuff, Henry, that you've got to have
Speaker 1: to be at home. But Daniel, so don't you sit
Speaker 1: there and tell me you ba this one, you big bone,
Speaker 1: you rawhide bast don't look me in the ay until
Speaker 1: the you're old day ever told you to destroy the
Speaker 1: manhood and the guts and the integrity and the courage
Speaker 1: and willed man down the pons. A couple of weeks later,
Speaker 1: Bryant attended a memorable meeting of the white ministers and
Speaker 1: Black ministers at the Episcopal Church in Memphis. Bryant walked
Speaker 1: over to the meeting with the Reverend Ralph Jackson, an
Speaker 1: outspoken leader in the sanitation strike. Bryant and Jackson sat
Speaker 1: down together, and Rabbi Wax, speaking for the white ministers,
Speaker 1: started things off, said I'm at bat. Wax got up
Speaker 1: and opened the meeting and said, I think we ought
Speaker 1: to limit this discussion to try to find out what
Speaker 1: the issues are. Ralph Jackson came on. Ralph jumped up
Speaker 1: and said, you trick. I fought a long laught my
Speaker 1: white breath had decided to have. Therefore, black, you don't
Speaker 1: want to take me in you and me that thing.
Speaker 1: What we're going to discuss is what the insue gore
Speaker 1: ll all of you b bastards and sat oh nor
Speaker 1: act and not done a god damn thing. We've had
Speaker 1: thirteen under dog, and that the issue. Reverend Jackson walked out,
Speaker 1: but he had shaken the room, and by the end
Speaker 1: of the meeting, the ministers had decided that they would
Speaker 1: meet with Mayor Loeb as a group to see if
Speaker 1: some compromise could be reached, but it was too late.
Speaker 1: The very next day, Martin Luther King was shot and
Speaker 1: killed at the Lorraine Motel. We've taken a few moments
Speaker 1: to follow Reverend Bryant as he moved about in the
Speaker 1: racial cauldron that was Memphis, Tennessee. We did this because
Speaker 1: Bryant was the minister who John McFerrin approached when he
Speaker 1: was afraid to go to the police. And I think
Speaker 1: this choice demonstrates McFerrin's sincerity, which has constantly been challenged
Speaker 1: over the years. He didn't just go to someone, He
Speaker 1: went to a man with unquestioned moral credentials. Three days
Speaker 1: after King was shot, John McFerrin went over to Reverend
Speaker 1: Bryant's house. This is Bryant's recollection of what McFerrin reported
Speaker 1: to him. He uh was doing some shopping, buying some things,
Speaker 1: and as I understand it, walked into a place of
Speaker 1: business and in another room, in a little office, he
Speaker 1: heard quite an angry conversation between the man on the
Speaker 1: phone and whoever he was talking to. Evidently the person
Speaker 1: on the other on the phone was running some money,
Speaker 1: and he said, you can't get your money till the
Speaker 1: job is completed, and then the statements you can shoot
Speaker 1: the s O beyond the balcony later in the conversation
Speaker 1: indicated that he was not to return to this particular
Speaker 1: business to pick up the money, but that he could
Speaker 1: pick it up from his brother in New Orleans. This
Speaker 1: pretty much was the substance of the conversation. McFerrin told
Speaker 1: and Bryant that he was afraid to go to the police,
Speaker 1: that they had never been anything but nasty and threatening
Speaker 1: to him. After hearing his story, Bryan said he thought
Speaker 1: McFerrin did need to talk to the authorities, but perhaps
Speaker 1: the FBI might be the better place to start. Bryan
Speaker 1: said he would make sure that McFerrin went there with
Speaker 1: legal counsel, and he called his friend, attorney David Kwood,
Speaker 1: and that evening McFerrin and Kwood went to see the FBI.
Speaker 1: McFerrin told them what he had heard. I gave him
Speaker 1: the same detailed lead with me to real a little
Speaker 1: save that The next day more FBI came to McFerrin's
Speaker 1: house and they stayed for hours, asking the same questions
Speaker 1: over and over, seemingly frustrated that McFerrin's answers would not change.
Speaker 1: But along the way something was added to the story,
Speaker 1: because a day or two after the assassination, a police
Speaker 1: sketch of the alleged assassin, who was said to be
Speaker 1: one Eric Galt, was published in the local paper. The
Speaker 1: sketch was to I from descriptions offered by a few
Speaker 1: witnesses who claimed to have seen someone fleeing the scene,
Speaker 1: a sketch that didn't look much like James Earl Ray.
Speaker 1: After seeing it, McFerrin told the FBI he thought the
Speaker 1: guy might be someone he had seen working at Liberto's
Speaker 1: the previous year. McFerrin said the guy he remembered might
Speaker 1: have been of Cuban or Mexican descent, not even close
Speaker 1: to a description of James Earl Ray. Once it was
Speaker 1: established that the police were really looking for Ray and
Speaker 1: not some guy named Golf, and they had an actual
Speaker 1: photo to work with, they returned to question McFerrin. The
Speaker 1: Department of Justice report released in June of two thousand
Speaker 1: tells us what happened now, Quoting the FBI, showed him
Speaker 1: an array of six photographs which included Ray's picture. McFerrin
Speaker 1: excluded Ray and instead tentatively identified three others who did
Speaker 1: not resemble Ray as the man who had worked for
Speaker 1: Liberto in any normal police lineup using photos, McFerrin's exclusion
Speaker 1: of the photo of Ray had to mean that the
Speaker 1: man McFerrin was remembering was not James Earl Ray or
Speaker 1: someone who looked like him. Case closed. Beyond that, it's
Speaker 1: not exactly clear how McFerrin could be said to be
Speaker 1: claiming that three different men could be the man who
Speaker 1: worked for Liberto. Best guess was that McFerrin said these
Speaker 1: three were the ones who most resembled the guy. How
Speaker 1: else do you make sense of that sentence? So McFerrin
Speaker 1: remembered some guy who worked for Liberto who shared some
Speaker 1: likeness to the police sketch of the missing assassin, and
Speaker 1: the guy was certainly not James Earl Ray. Nevertheless, this
Speaker 1: whole six photo game of whack amole would be termed
Speaker 1: McFerrin's misidentification, and it would become the easy shorthand way
Speaker 1: to dismiss McFerrin's story, which has been done ever since.
Speaker 1: With McFerrin, there are basically three possibilities. Either he's telling
Speaker 1: the truth, or he made up the story, or he
Speaker 1: was somehow mistaken. I think because of who he was
Speaker 1: and that he sought out Reverend Bryant to tell what
Speaker 1: he heard, it is safe to say that McFerrin had
Speaker 1: not invented his story. Is it possible that he didn't
Speaker 1: hear what he thought he heard? Yes, it is possible,
Speaker 1: but shoot the son of the bitch on the balcony
Speaker 1: and get your money from my brother in New Orleans.
Speaker 1: These are rather memorable declarations. Nevertheless, the FBI came to
Speaker 1: a quick determination that McFerrin was not to be believed.
Speaker 1: What did Reverend Bryant think about that? Last Wednesday morning?
Speaker 1: The FBI told me they didn't believe the story related
Speaker 1: in any way to the king's assassin and they were
Speaker 1: through with it. So what what's your reaction to this?
Speaker 1: How do you feel about this? Well, of course I'm
Speaker 1: no detective and don't try to be one, but I
Speaker 1: wasn't satisfied with it. It makes sense to me that
Speaker 1: the man in the completeness of the story, I've heard
Speaker 1: him tell it a number of times. He he doesn't
Speaker 1: vary in the story, and there are other elements in
Speaker 1: it that that my mind is not at peace at all,
Speaker 1: that there's not not something here that needs to be
Speaker 1: someone needs to take a deeper look at. So the
Speaker 1: FBI told Reverend Bryant that McFerrin's story had nothing at
Speaker 1: all to do with the killing of King. What a
Speaker 1: strange thing to say. From that, I suppose we may
Speaker 1: presume that someone else was to be shot on the balcony.
Speaker 1: But it didn't much matter because after Ray was captured
Speaker 1: and the lone assassin's story took cold, nobody much cared
Speaker 1: about what a black store owner thought he heard. So
Speaker 1: is there anyone else who can tell us about Frank Liberto?
Speaker 1: Was he really just a produced guy? What was the
Speaker 1: role of Frank Leberton? You know me, and you know
Speaker 1: just rumors are like bottles. Everybody's going. The old man
Speaker 1: was good to me. He set me up in the
Speaker 1: cocaine business, and he just give me the melons and
Speaker 1: in front of me the dope. This is Ronnie Lee Atkins,
Speaker 1: remembering how Frank Liberto helped him start a business on
Speaker 1: a street corner in Memphis, and how a judge who
Speaker 1: was friendly with his father was quite certain that Ronnie
Speaker 1: Lee sometimes called there wasn't out there selling dope, man.
Speaker 1: I had it. I've wedged him out and butt the
Speaker 1: baggas cocon there and we had watermelons for seven dollars,
Speaker 1: and then we had watermelons for two hundred dollars. And
Speaker 1: at its corner of summer in bergins and so I'm
Speaker 1: selling these ellens and this Niche comes by and I
Speaker 1: was setting him some mellons and he goes calls the law,
Speaker 1: and so I go into this big star to get
Speaker 1: Sherrian me a drink. And when I started back out
Speaker 1: the door, looked the tax squad done his share. Well.
Speaker 1: They had her with her legs wrapped around the front
Speaker 1: tire and her arms wrapped around the front tire and
Speaker 1: was holding a shotgun on her, going word bear, and
Speaker 1: she's going, I don't know, I ain't seen that's on, bitch,
Speaker 1: And she turned and she's looking at me coming out,
Speaker 1: And so I just cut and went through the alley
Speaker 1: and went on and went. In a matter of fact,
Speaker 1: I went to the little house and climbed on top
Speaker 1: of it there on one row, and I just lay
Speaker 1: there until the heat was off. They just carried her
Speaker 1: here to jail. You know. I told Mama call the bobsman,
Speaker 1: and she called Blue Barren and Tyrone ended up calling
Speaker 1: the judge and he said, bears awaity, and we'll let
Speaker 1: her out and we'll take care of this later on.
Speaker 1: You know, I can't that boy ain't after a little dope.
Speaker 1: At this telling, these memories were decades old. It had
Speaker 1: been more than forty years since king assassination, when Ronnie
Speaker 1: Lee Atkins came from Texas back to Memphis to testify
Speaker 1: about what he knew of the murder of Dr. Martin
Speaker 1: Luther King, and Atkins knew a lot because, as he
Speaker 1: would reveal, his entire family, his father, mother, older brother,
Speaker 1: and ron himself played active roles in the killing of King.
Speaker 1: His father, Russell Atkins, Sr. Was in charge of heavy
Speaker 1: equipment for the Memphis Department of Public Works, but as
Speaker 1: far reaching power came from his unique position in the community.
Speaker 1: He was a thirty second degree Mason, active in the
Speaker 1: clan and the unofficial head of the pervasive crime spree
Speaker 1: in Memphis sometimes known as Dixie Mafia. He had helped
Speaker 1: install Henry Loebe as mayor, brought in former FBI Area
Speaker 1: Director Frank Holliman as the head of police and fire,
Speaker 1: and if that were not enough, he had a personal
Speaker 1: friendship with Clyde Toulson, Hoover's number two at the FBI.
Speaker 1: If any one in Memphis needed to get something done,
Speaker 1: Russell Atkins was the one to see, and for the
Speaker 1: ten years leading up to the murder of King, Ronnie
Speaker 1: Lee Atkins had a front row seat for it all.
Speaker 1: I was born in in fifty two, and in sixty
Speaker 1: I started getting privy to a lot of business. Of
Speaker 1: course I could open my pile or say anything, you know,
Speaker 1: but I was able to sit and listen. Lad I
Speaker 1: was to bring the coffee and the donuts. If the
Speaker 1: corn bread and butter milk was ready, I'd go in
Speaker 1: there and get it and bring it out to them.
Speaker 1: If the PM and the greens was ready, they'd put
Speaker 1: it on plates and the women folk and I had
Speaker 1: carried out to the little house, and then I'd burned
Speaker 1: down and get the coffee. And you know, I learned
Speaker 1: how to run a percolator probably when I was started
Speaker 1: four years hold them. Atkins was giving this testimony in
Speaker 1: two thousand nine by way of a deposition that would
Speaker 1: be legally attached to the corporate seedings brought by Coretta
Speaker 1: Scott King a decade earlier. In the room that looked
Speaker 1: out at Memphis from the twentie floor was Atkins lawyer
Speaker 1: Stephen Tolin, court reporter Brian Dominski, and Bill Pepper, the
Speaker 1: attorney for Mrs King, all appropriately dressed for the occasion.
Speaker 1: In their presence with his head scarf, white Beard and
Speaker 1: T shirt tightly fit on a full body. Atkins looked
Speaker 1: like a good natured, will fed biker. Pepper would ask
Speaker 1: the questions this day, and Atkins would answer, you went
Speaker 1: to high school here in Memphis, to several high schools.
Speaker 1: You went to several high school went to team schools.
Speaker 1: And I don't know tanners way of years. Okay, so
Speaker 1: you had problems in the schools, sir, I'll just like
Speaker 1: to five have no problems, you know, I'll tell his girls.
Speaker 1: And you know, did you graduate from high school? You
Speaker 1: dropped out of the school. How went back school? I
Speaker 1: was playing football where Kingsbury and uh I went back
Speaker 1: and and coach brought hey telling me to get out
Speaker 1: and run some laps and stuff. And I didn't run.
Speaker 1: You know, he wanted me to run. I wanted to
Speaker 1: study and running, you know, little man. And you know,
Speaker 1: so anyway he told me, he said catch hole. And
Speaker 1: when I got up in there, I had a little
Speaker 1: shorts home a little ten years and all that and
Speaker 1: I've been over and you know, he wo my ass
Speaker 1: went and boards within my holes in him and cut
Speaker 1: me pretty good. And um, I asked, is done? He said, yeah,
Speaker 1: I said, the last time you'll do that. And I
Speaker 1: went home. Next day, I come back with a pistol
Speaker 1: and him and uh, the high school principal, Mr Billingsley
Speaker 1: was down there by the chow hall. And so I
Speaker 1: come in the front door, and I had that his
Speaker 1: little danger in my pocket with a handful of shells,
Speaker 1: and I got off about four good shots and cleared
Speaker 1: the home and a couple of holes of a sitting
Speaker 1: and and uh then they jumped in. I ended up
Speaker 1: that juvenile court. Ronnie Leeatkins had an unusual upbringing because
Speaker 1: he was the son of sel Atkins. He got to
Speaker 1: sit at an early age in the back of the
Speaker 1: room during Mason and clan meetings, some of which were
Speaker 1: held in his father's house, and others that were held
Speaker 1: at the nearby Baptist church. When the rallies were held
Speaker 1: upstairs at the church, they were referred to as prayer meetings.
Speaker 1: Can you discuss your dad and his associates and did
Speaker 1: their relationship with the clan? Were they active clan members?
Speaker 1: And they are active? They were active clan members long
Speaker 1: as I can remember, yes, Or was it a particular
Speaker 1: chapter of the clan? Or was it with his tennessee?
Speaker 1: Was it an invisible empire, you know, yes, sir, nights
Speaker 1: of the ku Klos clan. And did they have regular
Speaker 1: clan meetings? Yes, sir, Were you ever allowed to attend
Speaker 1: any of those? They called him rallies this what they
Speaker 1: call him, you know, or prairie meeting. We're going to
Speaker 1: prayer meeting, you know. I mean they'd sit around and
Speaker 1: you know, now I was a kid, Now I was
Speaker 1: taking all of us in, and and uh, you know,
Speaker 1: when you're kids, you pretty go boar at least I will,
Speaker 1: I mean, you know, everybody else? Why not by Osbordy Guild.
Speaker 1: Were the the clan members your father and other clan members?
Speaker 1: Were they also Masons? Were they all Masons? I don't
Speaker 1: load on. I'd say the majority of more they were members.
Speaker 1: And which lodge did they belong Summer Avenue Lodge? How
Speaker 1: far did your father go on the right second? He
Speaker 1: went to the thirty second and both my grandfather's. The
Speaker 1: Freemasons or Mason's are a secret society that date back
Speaker 1: to the Stonemasons, who built the great cathedrals in Europe
Speaker 1: in the eighteenth and nineteenth century. Men of stature might
Speaker 1: be secret members of the Masons and be guided by
Speaker 1: high moral principles George Washington, for example, For most of
Speaker 1: their history, the Masons were opposed by the Catholic Church.
Speaker 1: An anti Catholic bias was surely present in the Memphis
Speaker 1: Mason's in the nineteen sixties. To be a thirty second
Speaker 1: degree Mason meant that you were at the very top
Speaker 1: of this men only society. The meetings were highly ritualized,
Speaker 1: with symbols and code, but an outsider might regard them
Speaker 1: as simply as an excuse for men to gather, drink,
Speaker 1: and engage in hocus pocus. But as Ronnie Lee would explain,
Speaker 1: the clan and the Mason's while sharing some members, we're
Speaker 1: not the same. Let me tell you how this clan
Speaker 1: and masny deal works. Let's say we got some timber
Speaker 1: we won't cut. Well, if you just don't care about
Speaker 1: your land, you're gonna send the clan in there and say,
Speaker 1: I want this timber cut out, clear out, just two acres. Well,
Speaker 1: they ain't gonna lead nothing standing are. They're gonna cut
Speaker 1: whatever they're gonna cut, they're gonna get it out, and
Speaker 1: then they're gonna burn the rest of it. With the Masonics. Well,
Speaker 1: they'd go in there and they measure the timber and
Speaker 1: the size it up, and then they'd take out selective
Speaker 1: groups and they drag them out, and then they'd leave
Speaker 1: the rest going and growing harvest. So looks like a
Speaker 1: return later to get some more timber. You see what
Speaker 1: I'm like? Where where the clan that was more like
Speaker 1: a pit bulldog that's just aggravated, as to the Masonics
Speaker 1: would be more like a German shepherd that had been
Speaker 1: raised halfway decent in a good command of How did
Speaker 1: they interact with the organized crime in in this whole region?
Speaker 1: How did they were organized crime? The old old hold
Speaker 1: You know if you call them organized, but if you're
Speaker 1: dealing with your dealing with some klansmen and who are Masons,
Speaker 1: and then you're starting to get into, uh the organized
Speaker 1: crime with Carlos Marcello, you know, the Libertos and people
Speaker 1: like that. They're Italians obviously, well yeah, did he call
Speaker 1: them wamps? Uh? You know? But but you know, Frank
Speaker 1: was in so many meetings up there, so you know, uh,
Speaker 1: Lomberto so you know, uh, Marcella's came up from meetings,
Speaker 1: but elso did um Clyde Tolson Carlos Marcella was the
Speaker 1: powerful mafia boss from New Orleans, and Clyde Toulson was
Speaker 1: the number two men at the FBI, who we will
Speaker 1: talk about later. We can't know if they were ever
Speaker 1: present at the same time, but as a charming thought
Speaker 1: to imagine them sitting together at a so called prayer
Speaker 1: meeting at the Baptist church where nasty illegal things are
Speaker 1: being planned. So Memphis guys, when they were just by themselves,
Speaker 1: didn't like Italians and didn't like Catholics, but they were
Speaker 1: fine doing business with them if there was something in
Speaker 1: it for everyone. When we think about organized crime, we
Speaker 1: might think about such things as the luf Hansa heist
Speaker 1: at j f K and other big ticket scores. But
Speaker 1: in the South in the fifties and sixties, times were
Speaker 1: tough and piles of money weren't just laying around to
Speaker 1: be stolen. So organized crime existed by creating small streams
Speaker 1: of income, but many of them a small gambling operation
Speaker 1: would pass money up, same with prostitution or drugs. I
Speaker 1: went to mckillo Lake with Chess Butler, and we got
Speaker 1: to the boat that we kept done and it was
Speaker 1: filled with with marijuana that came up the Mississippi River
Speaker 1: from New Orleans. And I know that came in from
Speaker 1: mars Sellis because that was a direct deal that came
Speaker 1: through Diddy. But Chess handled that for Daddy. Diddy didn't
Speaker 1: get around that boat, and Chess Butler handled other things
Speaker 1: for Russell Sr. And I have seen Chess do some
Speaker 1: crazy stuff, you know what I mean. I say him
Speaker 1: stab a guy. I don't know whether the guy died
Speaker 1: or not. We call Daddy, seen him over it. Calls
Speaker 1: a man owed him some money over doing something and
Speaker 1: the guy didn't do it and kept the money. I
Speaker 1: see him to take I aspected to a man out
Speaker 1: there at rebellion was one night called Daddy, sent him
Speaker 1: outside with it and give him nice pick to do it.
Speaker 1: So with that charming image, we're going to move forward
Speaker 1: in time. Ronnie Lee is thirteen or fourteen, but on
Speaker 1: occasion he still carries coffee to some of the meetings,
Speaker 1: and he just sits in on others and no one
Speaker 1: cares because he's always been there. But in nineteen sixty
Speaker 1: five and sixty six, Ronnie Lee notices a change in
Speaker 1: the talk about killing King. It starts to become specific.
Speaker 1: I mean they just started doing some planning, you know,
Speaker 1: they just started putting it together. The main thing was
Speaker 1: I remember Daddy was talking to Sam Chambers and Henry
Speaker 1: Lobe of the House. Now this took place in garage.
Speaker 1: Last Caren coffee out to him and I ended up
Speaker 1: going up and Graham, give me the perculator and I
Speaker 1: can an actual house coffee. I remember that Dona donta
Speaker 1: dot dot dont dont dont find you know, when that
Speaker 1: was on TV, and she said, here take us out there.
Speaker 1: They were talking about how they were going to disrupt
Speaker 1: the city. The plan was disrupt the city because they
Speaker 1: was gonna get King to the city, because Tolson said
Speaker 1: that they wanted it handled in Memphis for Daddie and
Speaker 1: M could handle it. Where it's specifically Daddy and M
Speaker 1: could handle it. The actual crisis that Kingdom Memphis, the
Speaker 1: sanitation strike would come after Russell Atkins had died and
Speaker 1: Tulson had been set back by a stroke. But the
Speaker 1: plan was the same, get King to come to the
Speaker 1: city and find a way to have him killed, and
Speaker 1: then you had a crisis where the one or two
Speaker 1: sanitation workers were killed. It was two in the truck itself,
Speaker 1: they squashed him in the truck. And how did that happen?
Speaker 1: Do you know how that happened? Somebody pulled a hammer
Speaker 1: on the pulled the labor on the truck and mash
Speaker 1: them up in there. And they were up in there
Speaker 1: and trying to get out of the rain. That's what
Speaker 1: they was doing. And somebody, who was it Jim Ryan, No,
Speaker 1: I thought it was Holly. I think it was Holly.
Speaker 1: I thought it was pulled the hammer and killed them deliberately.
Speaker 1: He knew they was in there. When he did he
Speaker 1: do and why did he do it? He didn't tell me, Pepper,
Speaker 1: I don't know. You asked me a six or four
Speaker 1: dollar question. You know, was a black was a part
Speaker 1: of the guys calls in the trouble? What I'm saying, Yeah,
Speaker 1: think they were trying to do to create more tension
Speaker 1: in order to bring Martin King in. You know, I
Speaker 1: believe so we've all talked about that, you know, we
Speaker 1: we think that was the ticket that absolutely brought him
Speaker 1: in and caused his death. Because that's when Frank said,
Speaker 1: you know, I mean, you know this, you know, we
Speaker 1: gotta get on with this, you know, we just we
Speaker 1: gotta get on with it, Frank Colman. Yes, or At
Speaker 1: this point Ronnie Lee Atkins was not only hearing things
Speaker 1: about disrupting the city to bring King to Memphis, he
Speaker 1: was also doing things, by his own admission, rather nasty things.
Speaker 1: All right, now we're into nineteen the guest sanitation workers
Speaker 1: strike hits. Yes, who's taken over the hustle junior in
Speaker 1: Hollman So Russell Jr. Frank Colman are running as the
Speaker 1: assassination effort. Yes, what was done, the best of your knowledge,
Speaker 1: was done to provoke the sanitation workers strike and the
Speaker 1: anger to the level that it rose where it became
Speaker 1: a very serious crippling strike in Memphis. Low, explain what
Speaker 1: what you believe Lobe did. I know what Lope did
Speaker 1: enter His reaction to it was, you know, go burn
Speaker 1: this down and go burn that down, and and that's
Speaker 1: what we did. So you mean let that the mayor
Speaker 1: set you about the business of of creating the word
Speaker 1: was ours creating of committee arses And this was sanctioned
Speaker 1: by the mayor. No on, he just told us to
Speaker 1: go do it. Ronnie Lee Atkins was only sixteen when Dr.
Speaker 1: King was shot. He witnessed the murder. He played a
Speaker 1: role in it. He knew others who were involved, and
Speaker 1: we will hear him talk about these things in a
Speaker 1: future episode. But we will end this segment with Ronnie
Speaker 1: Lee's answer to a question from Bill Pepper. Now, in retrospect,
Speaker 1: looking back, how do you see the role of your
Speaker 1: father in all of this. I think daddy was just daddy.
Speaker 1: I think he was real low key. I think he
Speaker 1: had a job and a couple of businesses, and I
Speaker 1: think this was something that came down on him and
Speaker 1: from on high and small boys asked him to take
Speaker 1: care of something, and he was obligated to take care
Speaker 1: of it. That's what I believe. I don't think my
Speaker 1: daddy took a damn from the government to do this work.
Speaker 1: I'm talking about. You know, here's five thousand millars. Go
Speaker 1: kill us, guy, or take care of this, or go
Speaker 1: move this from here to that. I don't think that
Speaker 1: ever happened. It was more of a bartering. We're living
Speaker 1: in the South. We've got a problem down here. I've
Speaker 1: got men that wants to work, y'all trying to give
Speaker 1: all jobs to the colors, you know, and and I've
Speaker 1: some white bulls over here and needs some jobs. I've
Speaker 1: heard daddy sleay niggering. I've heard him say coon, and
Speaker 1: I've heard him say porche monkey, I've heard him say spook,
Speaker 1: and you know, I've heard my daddy slay and you
Speaker 1: know her pretty terrific stuff. But you know what, I've
Speaker 1: said the same thing. It's all I knew at the time.
Speaker 1: And then you know, in in two thousand, I got
Speaker 1: educated a little bit so and I started changing my life,
Speaker 1: and that's what help bring us here today. I mean,
Speaker 1: it's about me turning around next time on the MLK TIS.
Speaker 1: After several hours of questioning and cross examining, Ray told
Speaker 1: him that there was no such person as Rael, and
Speaker 1: he knew there was no such person as Rael. He
Speaker 1: admitted that and told me that he had to invent
Speaker 1: invent Rayol, because that's Hugh wanting. We met with the
Speaker 1: Glenda Ray Bow and Rowing Ray. She first said, I mean,
Speaker 1: they they're almost their ugly statement was we know the Ray,
Speaker 1: but we don't know it's Ray or you're loving. This
Speaker 1: story was so extraordinary that when I first heard him,
Speaker 1: I had to say that I was profoundly scape um.
Speaker 1: There was any pulps of the story that I could
Speaker 1: get corroborational that a white people don't thank Gray someday
Speaker 1: being sacrificed, all white people are gonna thank Ray someday
Speaker 1: for being for being the sacrifice for us. Jacko kind
Speaker 1: of bluffed and whipped out his BBC credentials and told
Speaker 1: we're making a movie, and they gave him the information
Speaker 1: so we had the name. Thanks for listening to The
Speaker 1: MLK Tapes, a production of I Heart Radio intended for TV.
Speaker 1: This podcast is not specifically endorsed by the King Family
Speaker 1: or the King of State. The email K Tapes is
Speaker 1: written and hosted by Bill Claiper. Matt Frederick and Alex
Speaker 1: Williams are executive producers on behalf of I Heart Radio
Speaker 1: with producers Trevor Young and ben Keebrick. Donald Albright and
Speaker 1: Payne Lindsay are executive producers on behalf of Tenderfoot TV
Speaker 1: with producers Jamie Albright and Meredith Stepman. Original music by
Speaker 1: Makeup and Vanity Said. Cover art by Mr soul to
Speaker 1: six with photography by Artemus Jenkins. Special thanks to Owen
Speaker 1: Rosenbaum and Grace Royer at u t A, The Nord Group,
Speaker 1: back Median Marketing, Envisioned Business Management and Station sixteen. If
Speaker 1: you have questions, you can visit our website, the email
Speaker 1: k tapes dot com. We posted photos and videos related
Speaker 1: to the podcast on our social media accounts. You can
Speaker 1: check them out at the email k Tapes. From our
Speaker 1: podcasts from I Heart Radio and tender Foot TV, please
Speaker 1: visit the I Heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever
Speaker 1: you listen to your favorite shows,